You Can Be an Innovator ... Like Henry Ford - 3-5 grades
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grades 3-5 You Can Be an Innovator ... Like Henry Ford Henry Ford and Innovation Educator DigiKit Transportation in America
overview The Henry Ford® invites you and your students to explore Henry Ford’s world-changing innovation, the Model T, and how it contin- ues to influence manufacturing and many other aspects of our lives today. While using this Educator DigiKit and our digitized artifacts, students will answer the overarching question, “How do people solve problems?” By examining this case study of Henry Ford and the Model T, we hope that they, too, will be inspired to imagine, take risks and persevere as Henry Ford did. This Educator DigiKit is divided into two sections: a Teacher Guide and a Unit Plan. The Teacher Guide section includes resources to complement the You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford Unit Plan.You will find a glossary, timeline, context-setting activities, bibliography, curricu- lum links and curriculum-supporting field trip suggestions. The Unit Plan section follows the Teacher Guide and includes lesson plans, student handouts, answer keys, culminating project ideas, extension activities, and review and assessment questions. Many of the lessons include the use of digitized artifacts from the collections of The Henry Ford, which can be accessed through the hyperlinks in the Unit Plan or through our website, mission statement TheHenryFord.org/education. If you cannot incorporate the The Henry Ford provides unique edu- whole unit into your schedule, use the lessons or activities most cational experiences based on authentic relevant to your needs. objects, stories and lives from America’s This Educator DigiKit promotes educational use of The Henry Ford’s traditions of ingenuity, resourcefulness extensive Transportation in America collections.We hope you and your and innovation. Our purpose is to inspire students will find these resources engaging and relevant. people to learn from these traditions to help shape a better future. These resources are made possible, in part, by the generous funding of the Ford Foundation. © 2010 The Henry Ford. This content is offered for personal and educational use through an “Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike” Creative Commons. If you have questions or feedback regarding these materials, please contact education@thehenryford.org. 2 You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Educator DigiKit thehenryford.org/education
contents 2 Overview 32 Lesson 2 48 Lesson 4 Case Study with Primary Sources Using Human Resources 5 Teacher Guide on the Assembly Line 34 Student Activity Sheet 2A: 6 Glossary Artifacts Tell About Us 51 Student Activity Sheet 4: 7 Timeline 36 Answer Key 2A: Henry Ford and the Moving Artifacts Tell About Us Assembly Line 8 Context-Setting Activities 37 Student Activity Sheet 2B: 9 Bibliography Henry Ford: Biography 54 Lesson 5 11 Connections to National of an Innovator Impacts of Henry Ford’s Solution and Michigan Standards and Expectations 40 Answer Key 2B: Today – and Tomorrow Henry Ford: Biography 19 Field Trip Learning of an Innovator 55 Student Activity Sheet 5: Enhancement Suggestions The Automobile in My Life 41 Student Activity Sheet 2C: Primary Sources Tell About 21 Unit Plan Henry Ford 57 Supplemental Resources 42 Answer Key 2C: Primary Sources Tell 58 Culminating Projects 22 Unit Plan Overview About Henry Ford 59 Extension Activities 25 Sign: How do people 60 Student Activity Sheet 6: solve problems? 43 Lesson 3 Review/Assessment Questions Resources and Location 63 Answer Key 6: 26 Lesson 1 Review/Assessment Questions 46 Student Activity Sheet 3: Henry Ford and the Beginnings My Factory of the Auto Industry 29 Student Activity Sheet 1: Please refer to the online version of the Educator My Innovation DigiKits for the most updated links and content. thehenryford.org/education You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Educator DigiKit 3
4 You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Educator DigiKit thehenryford.org/education
teacher guide | for grades 3-5 thehenryford.org/education You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Teacher Guide 5
Glossary Artifact Iron ore Production A man-made object representing A soft, heavy, magnetic metallic Making or building something. a specific time or culture. mineral. One of the raw materials necessary to make steel. Secondary source Car culture Another person’s explanation of a In so many ways, our daily lives are Lumber past event; it is one or more steps based around automobiles: the way Timber or logs, often removed from the event. Examples we travel, the things we buy, the trimmed for use. include textbooks and encyclopedias. things we build. Even the songs we sing and movies we watch often Model T Specialization involve cars. Henry Ford’s most successful car and A way of manufacturing so that the first affordable automobile. Made each worker only has to learn Collaborate between 1908 and 1927. Nicknamed and perform one step or task. To cooperate or work with others. Tin Lizzie. Unintended consequences Consumption Mechanical inclination An action’s unexpected effects. Buying things. A natural ability to easily build and fix machines. Union Curiosity A group of workers with shared A desire for learning. Moving assembly line interests, like safety and good A way of manufacturing so that the wages, who agree to stick together Division of labor work and the assembly of a product so that their employer must either Each worker does one step moves from worker to worker. Each agree to their requests or not have or task of a larger job. worker puts on a new piece of the any workers. part, then the part moves along to Human resource the next worker. Vision The people required to make An idea or plan for the future. a product or provide a service. Perseverance Being unwilling to give up, even Wage Innovation when things are difficult. The money a person is paid An invention, idea or improvement for work. adopted by society. Primary source Documents or objects that have survived from the past, like letters or automobiles, which give us a first- hand view of that time. 6 You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Teacher Guide thehenryford.org/education
Unit Plan Timeline Other Innovators 1867 Wilbur Wright is born in Millville, Indiana. 1871 Orville Wright is born in Dayton, Ohio. Henry Ford and Innovation 1879 Thomas Edison develops first practical 1863 Henry Ford is born in Springwells electric light bulb. Township, Michigan. 1896 George Washington Carver becomes agricul- 1876 Henry sees his first steam traction engine tural director at Tuskegee Normal and Industrial moving under its own power. Institute, where he educates former slaves and 1896 Henry completes his first car: researches crops to help feed the poor. the Quadricycle. 1903 Wilbur and Orville Wright make their first 1903 After failing at two companies, Henry flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina. starts Ford Motor Company. Its first 1908 General Electric Company patents the car is the Model A. electric toaster. 1908 Henry introduces the Model T. 1911 Holt Company adds internal combustion 1914 Ford Motor Company initiates the $5 workday. engines to its combines, increasing their 1927 Ford Motor Company ends grain-harvesting potential. Model T production. 1929 Celebration of the light bulb’s 50th anniversary 1947 Henry Ford dies at 83 years of age. in Greenfield Village. National Events World Events 1863 The Emancipation Proclamation 1867 as Kapital by Karl Marx critiques capitalism D goes into effect. as exploitive of labor. 1892 Ellis Island opens; 12 million immigrants pass 1871 Germany is unified. through Ellis Island before it closes in 1954. 1890s Russian imperialism focuses on the Far East. 1901 President William McKinley is shot 1904 Japan defeats China and annexes Taiwan. by an anarchist. 1905 Albert Einstein’s theory of relativity 1906 San Francisco experiences the revolutionizes physics. Great Earthquake. 1914 World War I begins. 1919 The 19th Amendment gives women 1931 Penicillin’s medicinal properties are discovered the right to vote. by Dr. Howard Florey at Oxford, England. 1929 The stock market crashes, initiating 1945 The U.S. drops atomic bombs on Japan; the Great Depression. World War II ends. 1941 Pearl Harbor is bombed by the Japanese, and the U.S. enters World War II. thehenryford.org/education You Can You Can Be Be an an Innovator Innovator … … Like Like Henry Ford || Teacher Henry Ford Teacher Guide Guide 7
Context-Setting Activities These activities are excellent ways to prepare and excite Model T Road Trip Interactive Module your students for the You Can Be an Innovator … like Henry Use The Henry Ford’s Model T Road Trip interactive Ford. Unit Plan or for a visit to The Henry Ford. module to help students learn more about the Model T. In this module, students follow a fictional family’s adventures as Classroom Museum they shop for, buy, drive and plan a vacation in a brand-new Assemble a “museum collection” for your classroom. Find Model T. The module explores how early 20th-century old tools, appliances, clothing, photographs, advertisements, cars offered a new level of freedom and personal mobility. etc., at home, or purchase them at garage sales to build your Spend time in the computer lab so students can work on classroom collection. Ask your students to carefully examine the module in pairs. The module also includes five online the artifacts, perhaps even wearing gloves, as museum staff lesson plans with selected primary sources, which you can do when handling or examining some types of artifacts. use in your classroom to build historical content and think- Have your students research how these artifacts were used in ing skills. Lesson plan titles are: Remembering the Model T, the past, how they were made and how they have changed The Road Trip: Then and Now, The $5 Day: Mixed Blessing?, over time. Use their research and observations to create a A Picture Is Worth a Thousand Words and The Ad Game. museum exhibit or produce a creative writing piece focused on the artifacts. What Is a Model T? Because a Model T looks so different from our automobiles today, students may not initially identify it as a car. Show students an image of a Model T, like our Ford Model T Touring Car, 1914, Given to John Burroughs by Henry Ford ID# THF70573 , and ask if they know what it is. Compare the Model T with an image of a car of today, like our Toyota Prius Automobile, 2002 ID# THF68248. Have students develop their observation skills by identifying similar and different features on each car. 8 You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Teacher Guide thehenryford.org/education
Bibliography Print Brinkley, Douglas. Wheels for the Olson, Sidney. Young Henry Ford. Quackenbush, Robert. Along Came the World: Henry Ford, His Company Detroit: Wayne State University Model T: How Henry Ford Put the World and a Century of Progress, 1930-2003. Press, 1997. on Wheels. New York: Parents’ Magazine New York:Viking, 2003. Press, 1978. Watts, Steven. The People’s Tycoon: Bryan, Ford. Beyond the Model T. Detroit: Henry Ford and the American Century. Online Teacher Resources Wayne State University Press, 1990. New York: Knopf, 2005. Bryan, Ford. The Fords of Dearborn. Advancing a Culture of Innovation Detroit: Wayne State University Print (children’s books) http://oninnovation.com/templates/_ Press, 1989. pdf/THF_OnInnovation_Advancing_A_ Barry, James. Henry Ford and Mass Culture_of_Innovation.pdf Casey, Robert. The Model T: A Centen- Production. New York: Franklin Watts, nial History. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins A speech by Patricia Mooradian, 1973. Press, 2008. president of The Henry Ford, El Nabli, Dina. Time for Kids: Henry summarizing the institution’s analysis Hounshell, David A. Chapter 6: Ford. New York: HarperCollins, 2008. of oral history interviews of leading “The Ford Motor Company and the contemporary innovators. Gibbons, Faye. Mama and Me and the Rise of Mass Production in America,” Model T. New York: HarperCollins, Chapter 7: “The Limits of Fordism 1999. Automobile in American and the Coming of ‘Flexible Mass Life and Society Production,’” Chapter 8: “The Ethos of Gourley, Catherine. Wheels of Time. autolife.umd.umich.edu Mass Production” in From the American Brookfield, CT: Millbrook Press, 1999. System to Mass Production, 1800-1932: Annotated bibliographies as well as Harris, Jacqueline. Henry Ford. New teacher/student resources on topics of The Development of Manufacturing York: Franklin Watts, 1984. race, gender, labor, environment and Technology in the United States. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins Press, 1984. Metz, John, Ed. “Henry Ford and the design as they relate to the automobile Model T.” Cobblestone. March 2007. in American life and society. Lacey, Robert. Ford: The Men and the Machine. Boston: Little, Brown Mitchell, Barbara. We’ll Race You, Henry: and Co., 1986. A Story about Henry Ford. Minneapolis: Carolrhoda Books, 1986. McCalley, Bruce W. Model T Ford: The Car That Changed the World. O’Hearn, Michael. Henry Ford and the Iola, WI: Krause Publications, 1994 Model T (Inventions and Discovery series). Mankato, MN: Coughlan Publishing Continued… Company, 2007. thehenryford.org/education You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Teacher Guide 9
Bibliography Continued Online Teacher Resources Continued Ford Animated Weekly Excerpts, Model T Road Trip The Life of Henry Ford 1916-1918 thehenryford.org/exhibits/smartfun/ thehenryford.org/exhibits/hf/default.asp youtube.com/watch?v=jIrjSymgKqM welcome.html Online biography. YouTube video of historic footage; the Students follow a fictional family’s first 2:25 minutes include the assembly adventures as they shop for, buy, drive From the Curators – Transportation: line and driving Model Ts. and plan a vacation in a brand-new Past, Present and Future Model T. This module explores how thehenryford.org/education/erb/Trans Ford Model T Assembly Line, 1919 early 20th-century cars offered a new portationPastPresentAndFuture.pdf youtube.com/watch?v=Pf8d4NE8XPw level of freedom with personal mobility. Information on the American auto Includes five online lesson plans with YouTube video of historic footage, industry and its impact, automobile selected primary sources: Remember- with captions, of the Model T assembly issues today and 20th-century ing the Model T, The Road Trip: Then and line at the Highland Park Plant. migration and immigration from Now, The $5 Day: Mixed Blessing?, he curators of The Henry Ford. A Picture Is Worth a Thousand Words Ford Motor Company Chronology and The Ad Game. thehenryford.org/exhibits/fmc/chrono.asp Online timeline. OnInnovation oninnovation.com From the Curators – Oral histories, digitized artifacts, stories Henry Ford and Innovation and content from some of today’s most thehenryford.org/education/erb/Henry visionary thinkers and doers about FordAndInnovation.pdf what thinking and working like an Information on Henry Ford’s story, innovator really means. the Model T, the assembly line and innovation from the curators of The Henry Ford. 10 You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Teacher Guide thehenryford.org/education
Connections to National and Michigan Standards and Expectations Michigan Grade Level Content Expectations Social Studies 3 H3.0.2 4 H3.0.6 3 R.CM.03.02 Explain how historians use primary Use a variety of primary and second- Retell in sequence the story ele- and secondary sources to answer ary sources to construct a historical ments of grade-level narrative text questions about the past. narrative about the beginnings of the and major idea(s) and relevant details automobile industry and the labor of grade-level informational text. 3 H3.0.8 movement in Michigan. Use case studies or stories to 3 R.CM.03.03 describe how the ideas or actions 4 E1.0.5 Compare and contrast relationships of individuals affected the history Explain how specialization among characters, events and key of Michigan. and division of labor increase ideas within and across texts to create productivity (e.g., assembly line). a deeper understanding, including 3 E1.0.4 a narrative to an informational text, Describe how entrepreneurs 4 E3.0.1 a literature selection to a subject combine natural, human and Describe how global competition area text and a historical event to capital resources to produce affects the national economy (e.g., a current event. goods and services in Michigan. outsourcing of jobs, increased sup- ply of goods, opening new markets, 3 L.RP.03.03 4 H3.0.1 quality controls). Respond to multiple text types Use historical inquiry questions listened to or viewed knowledge- to investigate the development of ably by discussing, illustrating and/ Michigan’s major economic activities English Language Arts or writing in order to reflect, make (manufacturing, technology) from connections, take a position and/or statehood to present. 3 R.CM.03.01 show understanding. – What happened? Connect personal knowledge, – When did it happen? experiences and understanding 3 R.CM.03.04 – Who was involved? of the world to themes and Apply significant knowledge from – How and why did it happen? perspectives in text through oral grade-level science, social studies – How does it relate to other events and written responses. and mathematics texts. or issues in the past, in the present or in the future? – What is its significance? Continued... thehenryford.org/education You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Teacher Guide 11
English Language Arts Continued 3 S.DS.03.03 4 R.CM.04.03 5 R.CM.05.03 Respond to multiple text types Explain relationships among themes, Analyze global themes, universal by reflecting, making connections, ideas and characters within and truths and principles within and taking a position and/or showing across texts to create a deeper across text to create a deeper un- understanding. understanding by categorizing and derstanding by drawing conclusions, classifying, comparing and contrast- making inferences and synthesizing. 3 W.GN.03.04 ing, or drawing parallels across time Use the writing process to produce and culture. 5 R.CM.05.04 and present a research project; initi- Apply significant knowledge from ate research questions from content 4 R.CM.04.04 grade-level science, social studies area text from a teacher-selected Apply significant knowledge from and mathematics texts. topic; and use a variety of resources grade-level science, social studies to gather and organize information. and mathematics texts. 5 L.RP.05.03 Respond to multiple text types 4 W.GN.04.04 4 S.DS.04.03 listened to or viewed knowledge- Use the writing process to produce Respond to multiple text types ably by discussing, illustrating and/or and present a research project using by reflecting, making connections, writing in order to clarify meaning, a teacher-approved topic; find and taking a position and/or showing make connections, take a position narrow research questions; use a deep understanding. and/or show deep understanding variety of resources; take notes; without major misconceptions. and organize relevant information 4 L.RP.04.03 to draw conclusions. Respond to multiple text types 5 S.DS.05.03 listened to or viewed knowledge- Respond to multiple text types by 4 R.CM.04.01 ably by discussing, illustrating and/or analyzing content, interpreting the Connect personal knowledge, writing in order to clarify meaning, message and evaluating the purpose. experiences and understanding make connections, take a position of the world to themes and and/or show deep understanding. 5 W.GN.05.04 perspectives in text through oral Use the writing process to produce and written responses. 5 R.CM.05.01 and present a research project; use Connect personal knowledge, a variety of resources to gather and 4 R.CM.04.02 experiences and understanding organize relevant information into Retell through concise summariza- of the world to themes and central ideas and supporting details tion grade-level narrative and infor- perspectives in text through oral for a teacher-approved narrowed mational text. and written responses. focus question and hypothesis. 5 R.CM.05.02 Retell through concise summariza- tion grade-level narrative and infor- mational text. Continued... 12 You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Teacher Guide thehenryford.org/education
Career and Employability Skills Topic Two Topic Four 4.1. The History of the Students’ The History of Peoples of Many I dentify a problem and explain it Own State or Region Cultures around the World (i.e., why it is a problem, how it Standard 3 Standard 8 affects a situation, etc.). The people, events, problems, Major discoveries in science and 4.2. and ideas that created the history technology, their social and eco- Identify ways to solve a problem. of their state. nomic effects, and the scientists and Then decide and explain which inventors responsible for them. solution to use. Standard 3D The student understands the Standard 8A interactions among all these The student understands the devel- groups throughout the history opment of technological innovations, National History of his or her state. the major scientists and inventors associated with them, and their social Standards Therefore, the student is able to: and economic effects. – A nalyze the significance of major For Grades K-4 events in the state’s history, their Therefore, the student is able to: impact on people then and now, – I dentify and describe the signifi- and their relationship to the his- cant achievements of important Topic One tory of the nation. [Analyze cause- scientists and inventors. [ Assess Living and Working Together in and-effect relationships] (3-4) the importance of the individual Families and Communities, Now in history] (K-4) Standard 3E and Long Ago The student understands the ideas Standard 8B Standard 2 that were significant in the develop- The student understands changes in The history of students’ own local ment of the state and that helped to transportation and their effects. community and how communities forge its unique identity. Therefore, the student is able to: in North America varied long ago. Therefore, the student is able to: – I dentify and describe the people – A nalyze how the ideas of signifi- who have made significant contri- Standard 2A cant people affected the history of butions in the field of transporta- The student understands the history their state. [Assess the importance tion. [ Assess the importance of of his or her local community. of the individual in history] (3-4) the individual in history] (3-4) Therefore, the student is able to: – Draw upon a variety of sources – I dentify historical figures in the to describe the unique histori- local community and explain their cal conditions that influenced the contributions and significance. formation of the state. [Obtain [ Assess the importance of the historical data] (3-4) individual in history] (K-4) thehenryford.org/education You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Teacher Guide 13
Lesson 1 Henry Ford and the Beginnings of the Auto Industry Michigan Grade Level Content Expectations Social Studies English Language Arts 4 H3.0.1 3 R.CM.03.04 5 L.RP.05.03 Use historical inquiry questions Apply significant knowledge from Respond to multiple text types to investigate the development of grade-level science, social studies and listened to or viewed knowledge- Michigan’s major economic activities mathematics texts. ably by discussing, illustrating and/or (manufacturing, technology) from writing in order to clarify meaning, statehood to present. 3 L.RP.03.03 make connections, take a position – What happened? Respond to multiple text types and/or show deep understanding – When did it happen? listened to or viewed knowledge- without major misconceptions. – Who was involved? ably by discussing, illustrating and/ – How and why did it happen? or writing in order to reflect, make – How does it relate to other events connections, take a position and/or Career and Employability Skills or issues in the past, in the present show understanding. or in the future? 4.1. – What is its significance? 4 R.CM.04.04 I dentify a problem and explain it Apply significant knowledge from (i.e., why it is a problem, how it 4 H3.0.6 grade-level science, social studies and affects a situation, etc.). Use a variety of primary and second- mathematics texts. ary sources to construct a historical 4.2. narrative about the beginnings of the 4 L.R P.04.03 Identify ways to solve a problem. automobile industry and the labor Respond to multiple text types Then decide and explain which movement in Michigan. listened to or viewed knowledge- solution to use. ably by discussing, illustrating and/or writing in order to clarify meaning, make connections, take a position and/or show deep understanding. 5 R.CM.05.04 Apply significant knowledge from grade-level science, social studies and mathematics texts. 14 You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Teacher Guide thehenryford.org/education
Lesson 2 Case Study with Primary Sources Michigan Grade Level Content Expectations Social Studies English Language Arts 3 H3.0.2 3 R.CM.03.01 4 R.CM.04.01 Explain how historians use primary Connect personal knowledge, Connect personal knowledge, and secondary sources to answer experiences and understanding experiences and understanding questions about the past. of the world to themes and of the world to themes and perspectives in text through perspectives in text through oral 3 H3.0.8 oral and written responses. and written responses. Use case studies or stories to describe how the ideas or actions 3 R.CM.03.03 4 R.CM.04.03 of individuals affected the history Compare and contrast relationships Explain relationships among themes, of Michigan. among characters, events and key ideas and characters within and ideas within and across texts to create across texts to create a deeper 4 H3.0.1 a deeper understanding, including understanding by categorizing Use historical inquiry questions a narrative to an informational text, and classifying, comparing and to investigate the development of a literature selection to a subject contrasting, or drawing parallels Michigan’s major economic activities area text and a historical event to across time and culture. (manufacturing, technology) from a current event. statehood to present. 4 R.CM.04.04 – What happened? 3 R.CM.03.04 Apply significant knowledge from – When did it happen? Apply significant knowledge from grade-level science, social studies – Who was involved? grade-level science, social studies and mathematics texts. – How and why did it happen? and mathematics texts. – How does it relate to other events 4 L.RP.04.03 or issues in the past, in the present 3 L.RP.03.03 Respond to multiple text types or in the future? Respond to multiple text types listened to or viewed knowledge- – What is its significance? listened to or viewed knowledge- ably by discussing, illustrating and/or ably by discussing, illustrating and/ writing in order to clarify meaning, 4 H3.0.6 or writing in order to reflect, make make connections, take a position Use a variety of primary and second- connections, take a position and/or and/or show deep understanding. ary sources to construct a historical show understanding. narrative about the beginnings of the automobile industry and the labor movement in Michigan. Continued... thehenryford.org/education You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Teacher Guide 15
Lesson 3 4 H3.0.1 Use historical inquiry questions Resources and Location to investigate the development of Michigan’s major economic activities Michigan Grade Level Content (agriculture, mining, manufacturing, Expectations lumbering, tourism, technology and research) from statehood to Lesson 2 Social Studies present. (C, E) English Language Arts Continued – What happened? 3 G1.0.2 – When did it happen? 5 R.CM.05.01 Use thematic maps to identify and – Who was involved? Connect personal knowledge, describe the physical and human – How and why did it happen? experiences and understanding characteristics of Michigan. – How does it relate to other events of the world to themes and or issues in the past, in the present perspectives in text through 3 G5.0.1 or in the future? oral and written responses. Locate natural resources in – What is its significance? Michigan, and explain the 5 R.CM.05.03 consequences of their use. 4 H3.0.3 Analyze global themes, universal Describe how the relationship between truths and principles within 3 G5.0.2 the location of natural resources and the Describe how people adapt to, use location of industries (after 1837) affect- and across text to create a deeper and modify the natural resources ed and continues to affect the location understanding by drawing of Michigan. (H) and growth of Michigan cities. (G, E) conclusions, making inferences and synthesizing. 3 E1.0.3 4 H3.0.6 Analyze how Michigan’s location Use a variety of primary and second- 5 R.CM.05.04 ary sources to construct a historical Apply significant knowledge and natural resources influenced its narrative about the beginnings of the from grade-level science, social economic development (e.g., how automobile industry and the labor studies and mathematics texts. waterways and other natural resources movement in Michigan. (G, E) have influenced economic activities 5 L.RP. 0 5.03 such as mining, lumbering, automo- 4 H3.0.8 Respond to multiple text bile manufacturing and furniture Describe past and current threats to types listened to or viewed making). (H, G) Michigan’s natural resources; describe knowledgeably by discussing, how Michigan worked in the past illustrating and/or writing in 3 E1.0.4 and continues to work today to order to clarify meaning, make Describe how entrepreneurs combine protect its natural resources. (G, C, E) connections, take a position and/ natural, human and capital resources or show deep understanding to produce goods and services in 4 G5.0.1 without major misconceptions. Michigan. (H, G) Assess the positive and negative effects of human activities on the physical environment of the United States. 16 You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Teacher Guide thehenryford.org/education
Lesson 4 Using Human Resources on the Assembly Line Michigan Grade Level Content Expectations Social Studies 3 E1.0.4 4 E1.0.5 4 R.CM.04.01 Describe how entrepreneurs com- Explain how specialization and divi- Connect personal knowledge, bine natural, human and capital sion of labor increase productivity experiences and understanding resources to produce goods and (e.g., assembly line). of the world to themes and services in Michigan. perspectives in text through oral and written responses. 4 H3.0.6 English Language Arts Use a variety of primary and second- 4 R.CM.04.02 ary sources to construct a historical 3 R.CM.03.01 Retell through concise summariza- narrative about the beginnings of the Connect personal knowledge, tion grade-level narrative and infor- automobile industry and the labor experiences and understanding mational text. movement in Michigan. of the world to themes and perspectives in text through oral 4 R.CM.04.03 4 H3.0.1 and written responses. Explain relationships among themes, Use historical inquiry questions ideas and characters within and to investigate the development of 3 R.CM.03.02 across texts to create a deeper Michigan’s major economic activities Retell in sequence the story ele- understanding by categorizing and (agriculture, mining, manufacturing, ments of grade-level narrative text classifying, comparing and contrast- lumbering, tourism, technology and and major idea(s) and relevant details ing, or drawing parallels across time research) from statehood to present. of grade-level informational text. and culture. – What happened? – When did it happen? 3 R.CM.03.04 4 R.CM.04.04 – Who was involved? Apply significant knowledge from Apply significant knowledge from – How and why did it happen? grade-level science, social studies grade-level science, social studies – How does it relate to other events and mathematics texts. and mathematics texts. or issues in the past, in the present 3 S.DS.03.03 4 S.DS.04.03 or in the future? – What is its significance? Respond to multiple text types Respond to multiple text types by by reflecting, making connections, reflecting, making connections, taking a position and/or showing taking a position and/or showing understanding. deep understanding. Continued... thehenryford.org/education You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Teacher Guide 17
Lesson 5 Impacts of Henry Ford’s Solution Today — and Tomorrow Michigan Grade Level Content Expectations Lesson 4 Social Studies 3 L.RP.03.03 English Language Arts Continued Respond to multiple text types 4 H3.0.1 listened to or viewed knowledgeably Use historical inquiry questions by discussing, illustrating and/or writ- 5 R.CM.05.01 to investigate the development of ing in order to reflect, make connec- Connect personal knowledge, tions, take a position and/or show Michigan’s major economic activities experiences and understand- understanding. (agriculture, mining, manufacturing, ing of the world to themes and lumbering, tourism, technology and perspectives in text through oral 4 R.CM.04.03 research) from statehood to present. and written responses. Explain relationships among themes, – What happened? ideas and characters within and across – When did it happen? texts to create a deeper understanding 5 R.CM.05.02 – Who was involved? by categorizing and classifying, com- Retell through concise summa- – How and why did it happen? paring and contrasting, or drawing rization grade-level narrative – How does it relate to other events parallels across time and culture. and informational text. or issues in the past, in the present or in the future? 4 L.RP.04.03 5 R.CM.05.03 – What is its significance? Respond to multiple text types lis- Analyze global themes, universal tened to or viewed knowledgeably 4 E3.0.1 by discussing, illustrating and/or writ- truths and principles within Describe how global competition ing in order to clarify meaning, make and across text to create a deeper connections, take a position and/or understanding by drawing affects the national economy show deep understanding. (e.g., outsourcing of jobs, increased conclusions, making inferences supply of goods, opening new and synthesizing. 5 R.CM.05.03 markets, quality controls). Analyze global themes, universal 5 R.CM.05.04 truths and principles within and Apply significant knowledge across text to create a deeper un- English Language Arts derstanding by drawing conclusions, from grade-level science, social making inferences and synthesizing. studies and mathematics texts. 3 R.CM.03.03 Compare and contrast relationships 5 L.RP.04.03 5 S.DS.05.03 among characters, events and key Respond to multiple text types Respond to multiple text types ideas within and across texts to cre- listened to or viewed knowledgeably by analyzing content, interpret- ate a deeper understanding, including by discussing, illustrating and/or writ- ing the message and evaluating a narrative to an informational text, a ing in order to clarify meaning, make literature selection to a subject area text connections, take a position and/or the purpose. and a historical event to a current event. show deep understanding without major misconceptions. 18 You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Teacher Guide thehenryford.org/education
Field Trip Learning Enhancement Suggestions Henry Ford Museum Explore the Model T in Henry Ford Museum Self-Guided Itinerary Tour the artifacts, exhibits and sites A visit to The Henry Ford’s Henry Greenfield Village associated with the development of Ford Museum®, Greenfield Village® or the Model T. The itineraries are rich Ford Rouge Factory Tour makes history Explore the Model T in Greenfield Village with Model T-related stories that even more real for your students. Self-Guided Itinerary provide in-depth information and The Henry Ford has developed a Tour the artifacts, exhibits and sites questions for teachers, group leaders number of resources to reinforce associated with the development of and students. curriculum in a fun way during the Model T. The itineraries are rich your visit. Please see the list below with Model T-related stories that Henry’s Assembly Line Guided Activity provide in-depth information and If you are unable to visit, The Henry FREE with Museum admission questions for teachers, group leaders Ford offers you the next best thing. What better way to learn about an and students. Visit via the Internet to explore our assembly line than to work on one? many sites, educational resources and In this hands-on 20-minute program, History Hunters digitized artifacts from our collections. your students will work together – Investigating the Model T to assemble a miniature wooden – Investigating the Making of Programs and Tools at The Henry Ford Model T using the station and Inventors: Henry Ford and the 20900 Oakwood Blvd. moving assembly line methods. Wright Brothers Dearborn, MI 48124 Offered Daily, year-round thehenryford.org Program Length 20 minutes Additional Sites to Visit in Greenfield Village (Check the daily schedule at – Ford Home Henry Ford Museum.) – Firestone Farm The Henry Ford – Armington and Sims Build a Model T Guided Activity History Hunters Scavenger Hunts Machine Shop FREE with Museum admission History Hunters are online, thematic, – Henry Ford Theater Grab a wrench and join in the fun as educationally relevant scavenger hunts – Bagley Avenue Workshop we celebrate Henry Ford’s Model T! that you and your students can use – Ford Motor Company Students will gain new perspective during your visit to The Henry Ford. – Edison Illuminating Company’s about Henry Ford and the car that They are self-directed and will help Station A changed the world as they assist in focus student observation, listening – Ride a Model T the assembly of an authentic Model and thinking skills as they explore key (Additional fee required.) T. Spend as much or as little time as aspects of exhibits, sites and artifacts at you want in this one-of-a-kind activ- Henry Ford Museum, Greenfield Village ity led by experienced presenters. and Ford Rouge Factory Tour. Offered Daily, year-round Program Length Flexible Continued... thehenryford.org/education You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Teacher Guide 19
Field Trip Learning Enhancement Suggestions Continued Other Places to Visit to Learn More About Henry Ford Henry Ford Estate (Fair Lane) Henry Ford Museum Continued A timeline, glossary, review questions 4901 Evergreen Road and post-visit activities are included Dearborn, MI 48128 History Hunters in this easy-to-use and downloadable 313.593.5580 – Investigating the Model T learning tool. umd.umich.edu/fairlane – Investigating Advertising in Flexing for the Future Self-Guided Activity Edsel & Eleanor Ford Home Automobile in American Life – Investigating Changing American FREE with Ford Rouge Factory Tour 1100 Lake Shore Road Landscapes in Automobile in admission Grosse Pointe, MI 48236 American Life New methods of production have 313.884.4222 revolutionized the auto industry. fordhouse.org – Investigating Inventions in Your Place in Time: During this 10-minute hands-on Model T Automotive Heritage Complex 20th-Century America assembly line activity, students work 461 Piquette Avenue together to discover the flexibility of Detroit, Michigan 48202 Additional Sites to Visit in the modern moving assembly line. 313.872.8759 Henry Ford Museum Offered Daily tplex.org – Made in America: Manufacturing Program Length 10 minutes – Agriculture Collections Edison & Ford Winter Estates – Driving America Test Drive Smart Tools Self-Guided Activity 2350 McGregor Blvd. FREE with Ford Rouge Factory Tour Fort Myers, FL 33901 admission 239.334.7419 Ford Rouge Factory Tour Get your hands on one of the tech- efwefla.org nological innovations transforming The Ford Rouge Complex: the American auto industry. Handle a Alberta Village Museum A Case Study in Industrialization “smart tool” that workers use on the 21235 Alberta Avenue Curriculum Connector factory floor, and simulate steering L’Anse, MI 49946 This new curriculum-aligned tool for wheel installation on a Ford F-150 906.524.6181 teachers to use with students dur- pickup. Discover the connections fordcenter.mtu.edu/ ing and after their Ford Rouge Factory between advanced tooling (process), museum Tour visit reinforces field-trip learning skilled workers (people) and the end when students return to the class- quality of the vehicle (product). room. At the Ford Rouge Factory Tour, Offered Daily students can learn about the natural, Program Length Variable, self-directed human and capital resources needed for manufacturing, the changing face History Hunters of industrialization and entrepreneurs – Investigating Manufacturing in southeastern Michigan. 20 You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Teacher Guide thehenryford.org/education
unit plan | for grades 3-5 thehenryford.org/education You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Unit Plan 21
You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford Unit Plan Overview Upper Elementary School Overarching Question Key Concepts Continued Lesson 2 – Moving assembly line Case Study with Primary Sources How do people solve problems? – Division of labor – H enry Ford used his love of tinker- Introduce the overarching question – Specialization ing, his persistence, his willingness by posting the sign to take risks and his ability to build – Wage — How do people solve problems? — good teams to create the Model T. in a prominent place in the class- – Union – W e all have qualities that can help room so that it can be referenced – Consumption us be an innovator. throughout the unit. – Car culture – Unintended consequences Lesson 3 Resources and Location – Opportunity to innovate Key Concepts – H enry Ford used natural resources – Model T from Michigan and other places in Lessons and Big Ideas the United States and the world to – Life at the turn of the 20th century build his Model T. – Vision Lesson 1 Henry Ford and the – H enry Ford had to solve the prob- – Innovation Beginnings of the Auto Industry lem of where to locate his factory; – Collaboration – A n innovation is an invention, an Detroit was the answer. – Curious idea or an improvement or change – T ook advantage of opportunities that is used by many people. Lesson 4 Using Human Resources to learn – H enry Ford had a vision to on the Assembly Line – Mechanical inclined produce a car for the masses. – T o be a successful innovator, – Perseverance after failure Henry Ford determined new ways – Willing to take risks to use labor – another resource. – A ble to identify and attract – H owever, there were some outstanding people unintended consequences of – Iron ore this innovation. – Lumber – Human resources Continued... – Production Tip For Connections to National and Michigan Standards and Expectations, see the Teacher Guide. 22 You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Unit Plan thehenryford.org/education
Unit Plan Overview Continued Upper Elementary School Lesson 5 Impacts of Henry Ford’s Digitized Artifacts Lesson 2 Solution Today – And Tomorrow from the Collections of The Henry Ford: Case Study with Primary Sources – T he Model T was a successful in- – Westinghouse Portable Steam novation that has changed people’s Lesson 1 Engine No. 345, Made circa lives in many ways, intentionally Henry Ford and the Beginnings 1881 and Used by Henry Ford and unintentionally. of the Auto Industry ID# THF74884 – A utomobiles present us with – “ Wabash Avenue, North from – Henry Ford with Other Employees many further opportunities Adams Street, Chicago,” 1900 at Edison Illuminating Company for innovation. ID# THF429 Plant, circa 1895 ID# THF22975 – H ay Wagon Coming Up from a – Ford Quadricycle, 1896, First Car Duration 10 class periods Meadow, Flushing, New York, Built by Henry Ford ID# THF3854 (45 minutes each) circa 1900 ID# THF38312 – Detroit Automobile Company De- – Lesson Plans 6 class periods – Detroit Automobile Company livery Truck Outside the Factory, nit Project 4 class periods – U Delivery Truck Outside the Factory, 1899-1900 ID# THF25005 1899-1900 ID# THF25005 – Henry Ford and Ed (Spider) Huff Field Trips – Duryea Motor Wagon with Driving the Ford Sweepstakes – Greenfield Village Barnum & Bailey Circus, 1896 Racer at Grosse Pointe, Michigan, – Henry Ford Museum ID# THF3979 October 10, 1901 ID# THF23800 – Ford Rouge Factory Tour – F irst Official Ford Motor Company – Ford Race Car “Sweepstakes,” Portrait of Henry Ford, 1904 1901 ID# THF70565 Assessment ID# THF36449 – Henry Ford and Ford Motor Com- – P erformance assessments included – Ford Model T Touring Car, 1914, pany Executives at Henry Ford with each lesson plan Given to John Burroughs by Henry Museum, 1933 ID# THF22279 – C ulminating projects Ford ID# THF70573 – Ford Model T Touring Car, 1914, (see Supplemental Resources) – Toyota Prius Automobile, 2002 Given to John Burroughs by – R eview/assessment questions ID# THF68248 Henry Ford ID# THF70573 (see Supplemental Resources) – W estinghouse Portable Steam – Henry Ford with the First Ford Engine No. 345, Made circa V-8 Engine, March 26, 1932 1881 and Used by Henry Ford ID# THF22218 ID# THF74884 – Ford Quadricycle, 1896, First Car Built by Henry Ford ID# THF3854 – Bagley Avenue Workshop, Replica Continued... of Henry Ford’s Workshop, in Greenfield Village ID# THF1840 thehenryford.org/education You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Unit Plan 23
Unit Plan Overview Continued Upper Elementary School Lesson 3 Materials – Scrap paper – lots Resources and Location – Full roll of wrapping paper – C omputers with access to the – Exploded Ford Model T in Internet, digital projector and – Empty wrapping paper tube Henry Ford Museum screen (preferred) OR printed – Tape (view 1 ID# THF52709) handouts of digitized artifacts’ – 1 0 feet of continuous flat (view 2 ID# THF52714) images and descriptions surface, like desks or tables (view 3 ID# THF52715) – S ign: How do people pushed together (view 4 ID# THF52721) solve problems? – S tudent Activity Sheet 4: – Aerial View of Ford Rouge Plant – S tudent Activity Sheet 1: Henry Ford and the Moving Complex, 1948 ID# THF24040 My Innovation Assembly Line – S tudent Activity Sheet 2A: – Magazines – 1 for every 2 students Artifacts Tell About Us Lesson 4 – S tudent Activity Sheet 5: – A nswer Key 2A: Using Human Resources on the The Automobile in My Life Artifacts Tell About Us Assembly Line – Y ou Can Be an Innovator … Like – S tudent Activity Sheet 2B: – Women Workers Assembling Henry Ford. Culminating Projects Henry Ford: Biography Magnetos at Ford Highland Park –Y ou Can Be an Innovator … Like of an Innovator Plant, circa 1913 ID# THF23810 Henry Ford. Extension Activities – A nswer Key 2B: – Workers Assembling Car Bodies – S tudent Activity Sheet 6: Henry Ford: Biography at Ford Rouge Plant, 1932 You Can Be an Innovator … of an Innovator ID# THF23466 Like Henry Ford. – S tudent Activity Sheet 2C: – 1924 Ford Model T Cars on Review/Assessment Questions Primary Sources Tell Assembly Line at Highland Park – A nswer Key 6: About Henry Ford Plant, October 1923 You Can Be an Innovator … – A nswer Key 2C: ID# THF23577 Like Henry Ford. Primary Sources Tell – Swift & Company’s Meatpacking Review/Assessment Questions About Henry Ford House, Chicago, Illinois, – U nited States map Splitting Backbones and Final (classroom copy) Inspection of Hogs, 1910-1915 ID# THF32081 – World map (classroom copy) – S tudent Activity Sheet 3: My Factory 24 You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Unit Plan thehenryford.org/education
Unit Plan Overarching Question: HOW do people solve problems thehenryford.org/education You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Unit Plan 25
Lesson 1 Henry Ford and the Beginnings of the Auto Industry Big Ideas – Westinghouse Portable Steam Engine No. 345, Made circa 1881 and Used by Henry Ford ID# THF74884 – A n innovation is an invention, an idea or an improvement or change that is used by many people. – Ford Quadricycle, 1896, First Car Built by – H enry Ford had a vision to produce a car Henry Ford ID# THF3854 for the masses. – Bagley Avenue Workshop, Replica of Henry Ford’s Workshop, in Greenfield Village ID# THF1840 Key Concepts – Model T Materials – Life at the turn of the 20th century – C omputers with access to the Internet, digital projector and screen (preferred) OR printed handouts – Vision of digitized artifacts’ images and descriptions – Innovation – Sign: How do people solve problems? – Collaborate – Student Activity Sheet 1: My Innovation Digitized Artifacts From the Collections of The Henry Ford Duration One class period (45 minutes) Lesson 1 Instructional Sequence: Henry Ford and the Beginnings of the Auto Industry – “Wabash Avenue, North from Adams Street, 1 Engagement Chicago,” 1900 ID# THF429 Discuss what Henry Ford is known for and his impact – Hay Wagon Coming Up from a Meadow, Flushing, on our lifestyles and culture today. To spark conversation, New York, circa 1900 ID# THF38312 compare and contrast the images of the Ford Model T – Detroit Automobile Company Delivery Truck Touring Car, 1914, Given to John Burroughs by Henry Outside the Factory, 1899-1900 ID# THF25005 Ford ID# THF70573 and the Toyota Prius Automobile, – Duryea Motor Wagon with Barnum & Bailey 2002 ID# THF68248 . Circus, 1896 ID# THF3979 2 The Problem – F irst Official Ford Motor Company Portrait of Henry Ford, 1904 ID# THF36449 Henry Ford will serve as an example of a problem solver as you and your students explore the unit’s overarching – Ford Model T Touring Car, 1914, Given to question, “How do people solve problems?” John Burroughs by Henry Ford ID# THF70573 – Toyota Prius Automobile, 2002 ID# THF68248 Continued… 26 You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Unit Plan thehenryford.org/education
Lesson 1 Henry Ford and the Beginnings of the Auto Industry Continued 2 The Problem Continued To introduce Henry Ford’s problem of how to build an automobile for the masses and his solutions to this problem, discuss the following concepts and show the accompanying images. Concept Image City life at the turn of the 20th century was bustling. “Wabash Avenue, North from Adams Street, Chicago,” People got around by walking or using horses, 1900 ID# THF429 streetcars and trains. Farm life at the turn of the 20th century required hard Hay Wagon Coming Up from a Meadow, Flushing, labor and lots of land for growing crops and raising New York, circa 1900 ID# THF38312 animals. It was not always easy for farm families to travel long distances to visit town or relatives. Duryea Motor Wagon with Barnum & Bailey Circus, Automobiles at the turn of the 20th century were experi- 1896 ID#THF3979 mental and only very wealthy people owned them. Detroit Automobile Company Delivery Truck Outside the Factory, 1899-1900 ID# THF25005 Henry Ford built automobiles because he had Westinghouse Portable Steam Engine No. 345, Made experience with engines and enjoyed tinkering. circa 1881 and Used by Henry Ford ID# THF74884 Bagley Avenue Workshop, Replica of Henry Ford’s Workshop, in Greenfield Village ID# THF1840 Ford Quadricycle, 1896, First Car Built by Henry Ford ID# THF3854 Henry Ford’s vision was to build an affordable car for First Official Ford Motor Company Portrait the masses. It would especially help farm families to of Henry Ford, 1904 ID# THF36449 become less isolated. Continued… thehenryford.org/education You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Unit Plan 27
Lesson 1 Henry Ford and the Beginnings of the Auto Industry Continued 3 Students’ Innovations 4 Henry Ford chose collaborators who had knowledge and skills that helped him solve problems: As a group, define the word “innovation”. – H enry’s friend Ed “Spider” Huff was a great Ask students what they would like to invent or innovate engineer and helped design the Model T. and how might they do so? Distribute the Student Activity Sheet 1: My Innovation to help them think about – H enry chose James Couzens, who had excellent and answer this question. Before students complete the business skills, to be his second-in-command. Activity Sheet, share the following information about 5 Henry Ford persevered and took risks in order Henry Ford to help them understand and respond to to solve problems and achieve his vision: the questions. – H enry Ford founded two companies that went 1 Henry Ford had interests and skills that helped out of business before he was finally successful him to solve problems: with his third company, the Ford Motor Company. – He liked doing things and working with his hands. – T o attract attention and get supporters for – H e was curious about building things, Ford Motor Company, Henry Ford built and especially engines. drove race cars, risking his life. – H e enjoyed taking apart and repairing After students have completed the Activity Sheet, watches as a child. invite them to share their innovations and their vision for achieving them. 2 Henry Ford saw problems that he wanted to solve: – H e grew up on a farm and knew how isolated farm Assessment families were from towns or relatives. Assess students’ participation in the discussions, their – H e knew how complex machines were by having thoughtfulness in completing Activity Sheet #1: to help his neighbor operate Westinghouse Portable My Innovation and their skill in communicating Steam Engine No. 345, Made circa 1881 and Used by their innovations and vision Henry Ford ID# THF74884 when no other neighbors knew how to make it work. 3 Henry Ford wanted to break some of the rules about the type of cars available before his Model T: – C ars were expensive, and only the very wealthy could afford them. – C ars were also very heavy, making them even more expensive. – Cars were complicated to drive and maintain. 28 You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Unit Plan thehenryford.org/education
Lesson 1 Henry Ford and the Beginnings of the Auto Industry Student Activity Sheet 1 | Page 1 my Innovation Name These questions and activities will help you develop your ideas about a problem you’d like to solve and an invention or innovation you’d like to create! Part I: Brainstorming 1. What are you curious about or interested in? 2. What problems do you, your family or people List at least three things. around you have to deal with every day? List all you can think of here. thehenryford.org/education You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Unit Plan 29
Lesson 1 Henry Ford and the Beginnings of the Auto Industry Student Activity Sheet 1 | Page 2 Part II: Thinking Like an Innovator Look back at questions 1 and 2. Choose two problems you’d like to solve or innovative products you’d like to create. Use them to fill in the following tables. 3. What do you know about these problems or products? These “facts” are rules that innovators may need to courage to break! Problem/product Rules of the past 4. Name one person you think could collaborate or work together with you on each problem/product. Why do you think this person would be a good collaborator? Problem/product Collaborator Why 5. If you made it your mission to work on one of these problems/products, what risks might you have to take? Problem/product Risks 30 You Can Be an Innovator … Like Henry Ford | Unit Plan thehenryford.org/education
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