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www.indiaatcop22.org
India • World’s Land Area = 2.45 % • World’s Renewable Water Resources =4% • World’s Population = 17.85 %
Water Resources of India
Estimated annual 4000 BCM
precipitation
(including snowfall)
Average annual potential (in 1869 BCM
rivers)
Estimated utilisable water
potential (total) 1123 BCM
(i) Surface 690 BCM
(ii) Ground 433 BCM
Estimated Water Demand* in BCM
Year 2010 2025 2050
Irrigation 557 611 807
Drinking Water 43 62 111
Industry 37 67 81
Energy 19 33 70
Others 54 70 111
* As estimated by National Commission for Integrated Water Resources Development
(NCIWRD), 1999 Total 710 843 1180
Water Scenario in India – complexities & challenges
High variability in space and time
25 23.76
19.89
20
(Rainfall in cm) 15.42
14.19
15
Percent
10
7.69
6.03
5 3.46 3.45
2.12 1.42
1.24 1.33
0
( June to Sept. 3000 BCM (75%) annual
rainfall in four months)
> 1,000 cm in north eastern region (1100
cm at Mawsynram, Meghalaya)
< 10 cm in western part of Rajasthan
Water Scenario in India – Complexities & Challenges
Reducing per capita water availability
6000
5177
5000
Per capita water availability in m3/year
4000
3000
2209
1820
2000 1545 Water stress 1700 m3/capita/year
1341
1140
1000 Water scarcity 1000 m3/capita/year
0
1951
1961
1971
1981
1991
2001
2011
2021
2031
2041
2051
2061
Global Vs India’s Per Capita Water Availability
(m3/year/person)
45000 41865
40000
35000
30000
25000 21764
20000
World’s average per capita
15000 water availability ≈ 7600
9802
10000 8153
5000 3343 2346 2060 1545 1396
0
Water Scenario in India – complexities & challenges
Unplanned development - over-exploitation of
ground water
Groundwater status (2009)
Total units 5845
Safe 4280
Semi critical 522
Critical 169
Overexploited 803
Saline 71
82 over-exploited areas has
been notified for regulating
development &
management of ground
water.
Inadequate Storage Capacity Total Live Storage - Pre Plan = 16 KM3 - Constructed (XI Plan) = 253 KM3 - Under Construction = 51 KM3 - Planned = 110 KM3 Maximum Feasible Storage = 450 KM3
What Future Holds ?
Vision of MoWR, RD & GR
“Optimum and sustainable utilization of Water
Resources”
Mission of MoWR, RD & GR
To develop and implement policies, programmes and
practices, which would enable the efficient and
effective use of the country’s water resources in an
equitable and sustainable manner with active
involvement of stakeholders as also enable the
management of floods and to disseminate information,
skills and knowledge, which would help in capacity
building and mass awareness.OBJECTIVES of MoWR, RD & GR
Some of the objectives of this Ministry are
• Rejuvenation of River Ganga and its tributaries
• Implementation of National Water Policy, 2012
• Sustainable Ground Water Management & its Regulation
• Development of water resources data base and Flood
Management / flood forecasting
• Creation of irrigation potential and Reducing Gap between the
Irrigation Potential Created (IPC) & Irrigation Potential Utilized
(IPU) .
• Nurturing excellence & Innovation through Research &
Development and Capacity Building.
• Promotion of increase in water use efficiency and awareness for
water conservation.
• Planning & Integrated implementation of measures for
management of floods and bank erosion.
• National Water Mission with its 5 goalsNMCG-Introduction
• The Ganga rises in the Himalayas from the Gangotri Glacier,
some 4100 meters above the sea level.
• The Ganga Basin is the largest river basin in India.
• It caters to about 40% population of India and traverses
2525 kms. from its source to the Bay of Bengal.
• Ganga has been declared as the national river of India.
• The Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA) has been set up
for empowered planning, implementing and monitoring the
river.
• National Mission for Clean Ganga is Implementation wing of
National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA).
www.indiaatcop22.orgIssues & Challenges
• The Ganga is polluted due to discharge of:
municipal sewage from large urban centres;
trade effluents from industries; and
polluting waste from several other
discharges from non - point sources.
• To improve the water quality of Ganga to
acceptable standards;
• Preventing the pollution load from reaching the
river.
www.indiaatcop22.orgNamami Gange Programme-Salient features
• “Namami Gange” is an Integrated Ganga Conservation Mission for Ganga
rejuvenation, developments of Ghats and beautification of River Fronts.
• Namami Gange approaches Ganga Rejuvenation by:
consolidating the existing ongoing efforts;
preparing a concrete action plan for future;
Interventions at Ghats and River fronts to facilitate better citizen
connect; and
set the tone for river centric urban planning process.
• Under the Namami Gange Programme, Government has approved a
Hybrid Annuity based PPP model to reform the wastewater sector in India
by ensuring performance, efficiency, viability and sustainability.
www.indiaatcop22.orgEfforts Towards Ganga Conservation
A Shift Towards Basin Based Approach
Namami Gange
• Project under
GAP I GAP II NRCP NGRBA Separate Ministry
•Launched in 1985 • Extended from GAP I in • Launched in 1995
• Separate Authority for Ganga
for Ganga created in
•Focus on Main stem 1993 • Covered 41 major 2009
Rejuvenation
of River Ganga • Merged with NRCP in Rivers of the country • All 11 Basin states
• Chaired by Prime
1996 • 8 Ganga basin rivers
•25 Towns Covered Minister of India covered
• Taken up works on four taken up viz Betwa,
•260 schemes • NMCG as an
completed
tributaries – Yamuna, Chambal, Gang.a, implementing body • Conservation
Gomti, Damodar & Mahananda, at center and SPMGs measures for all
Mahananda Mandakini, Ramganga,
Yamuna
at states tributaries of
Ganga
• GAP :Ganga Action Plan
• NRCP :National River Conservation Plan • GAP Expenditure ₹961.04 crore
• NGRBA :National Ganga River Basin Authority • Total sewage treatment capacity created: 1098 MLD
• NMCG :National Mission for Clean Ganga • Common Effluent Treatment Capacity Created: 20 MLD
• SPMGs :State Program Management Groups
www.indiaatcop22.orgNamami Gange Programme
30% of STPs monitored in UP, Uttarakhand, Bihar and West Bengal were not operational, 94% were non-compliant
with prescribed standards*
Significant thrust to sewage infrastructure development - INR 8000 cr *(source: CPCB)
Financial outlay – Namami Gange Programme
Sewage Infrastructure
2% 1% 1% 1%
3% Sanitation
1% 4%
0%
River front Management
8%
Industrial Pollution
2%
INR 8000 cr Solid waste manageemnt
Aviral Ganga
14%
63% Institutional Development
Research and Development
Habitat Improvement
Biodiversity conservation
Awareness creation
Ganga Task force
**Percentage is relative to Rs.12,728 crores earmarked for new initiatives
www.indiaatcop22.org7 Thrust Areas 21 Actions of Namami Gange
Protection of
Wholesome River Front Capacity Research and Awareness
Clean River aquatic flora
River Development Building Monitoring Creation
and fauna
1. Determine and 2/3/4. Upgrade existing 9. River Front 12. Support for 14. GIS and Spatial 18. Afforestation 20. Ganga Vahini
maintain Sewage Treatment Development DPR Planning drive of medicinal 21. Communication
environmental Plants/Creating 10. Public Preparation 15. Research projects plants and native and Public Outreach
flow additional treatment Amenities in 13. Capacity 16. National Ganga tree species Activities
capacity/Industrial urban/rural Building Monitoring Centre 19. Conserving
pollution abatement centers on the 17. Ganga Institute of diversity of
5. Development of river bank River Science Gangetic aquatic
‘Ganga Grams’ 11. Ganga Task life
6. Managing agricultural Force
run-off
7. Development of model
dhobhi ghats
8. Creating model
Vision
cremation ghats
The Vision for Ganga Rejuvenation constitutes restoring the
wholesomeness of the river defined in terms of ensuring “Aviral
Dhara” (Continuous Flow), “Nirmal Dhara” (Unpolluted Flow”),
Geologic and ecological integrity.
www.indiaatcop22.orgNamami Gange Program Activities
Entry Level Activities Medium Term Activities
• River surface cleaning • Municipal sewage management
• Rural sanitation • Industrial effluent management
• Modernization, renovation of Ghats • Water quality monitoring
and Crematoria
Other Activities Long-term
• Biodiversity conservation • Adequate water flow
• Afforestation
• MoU with Ministries
• Ganga Gram
www.indiaatcop22.orgOther Activities
• Biodiversity conservation
• Afforestation
• MoU with Ministries
• Ganga Gram
www.indiaatcop22.orgBiodiversity Conservation and Afforestation
Afforestation budget of INR 2000 cr approved for
plantation target of 1,34,157 ha
Rishikesh
Wildlife Institute of India has established the rescue & Barrackpo Meheer Fish
re Dehradun
rehabilitation centres at Narora, Bulandsahar and
Knowledge
Varanasi Indian
Centre
Ganges River Dolphin – Conservation Education Major Carps
Programme – INR 1.8 crores for 3 Years
8 Biodiversity
Assessment of fish and fisheries of the Ganga river
Sahibganj Centres along Narora
system for developing suitable conservation and Ganga for Dolphin
restoration plan – INR 5.8 Crores for 5 Years Dolphin/ restoration of /Ghariyal/
Biodiversity conservation and Ganga Rejuvenation – Otter/ Turtle identified Turtle
priority species
INR 8 crores for 3 years
Bhagalpur Allahabad
Dolphin/ Fish/
Otter/ Turtle Varanasi Dolphin/
Turtle
Turtles/
Dolphin
Entry Level Medium term Other Long term
activities activities activities activities
www.indiaatcop22.orgCommunication & Public Outreach
• Rallies & Kala Jathas at priority places as Environmental Literacy and Advocacy
mobilization campaign in 100 GPs • Launch of Environmental Literacy
• Distribution of ‘Gram Pustika’ at event locations Programme for Gram Panchayats
• Public Launch of ‘Namami Gange Theme Song’ • Environmental Literacy Centres at 352
• Poster Competitions at event ghats (100 villages & locations
11 towns) • Distribution of ‘Ganga Rahi Pukaar’
• NYKS Volunteers – On-site plantation book
• Launch of Website • Interlinking of institutions along Ganga
• GIS data and Spatial Analysis for Ganga Basin as Green Ganga Institution.
Entry Level Medium term Other Long term
activities activities activities activities
www.indiaatcop22.orgSynergizing Government Schemes
Signing of MoUs with 10 Central Ministries
1. Ministry of shipping 6. Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports
2. Ministry of Human Resource 7. Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation
Development 8. Ministry of Agriculture
3. Ministry of Rural Development 9. Ministry of Railways
4. Ministry of Tourism 10. Ministry of Petroleum (IOCL for
5. Ministry of Ayush Mathura Refinery).
Entry Level Medium term Other Long term
activities activities activities activities
www.indiaatcop22.orgExpenditure Incurred
National Mission for Clean Ganga
Funds allocated and spent so far on Cleaning of Ganga since inception till 15.09.2016
Rs. In crore
FY BE RE Actual Expenditure by Govt. of India
2011-12 500.00 216.61 192.58
2012-13 512.50 193.50 191.52
2013-14 355.00 309.00 303.95
2014-15 2,137.00 2,053.00 326.00
2015-16 2,750.00 1,650.00 1,632.00
2016-17 2,500.00 315.00
Total 8,754.50 4,422.11 2,961.05
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