What really is 4G? And can we afford it? - Dave Wisely - Head of Mobility Lab BT Group SIG - Future of Wireless
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What really is 4G? And can we afford it? Dave Wisely – Head of Mobility Lab BT Group SIG – Future of Wireless
BT’s main research site - Adastral Park
one of the highest concentrations of
technologists in Europe.
110 acres
5000 + peopleHistory of Mobile (in 1 minute!) And on the second day there was radio: • 1906 - Marconi Transmits using radio • 1925- Wireless Telegraphy • 1956 - First mobile phone system (0G) • 1980 - Analogue systems launched (1G) • 1990 - GSM launched in Europe (2G) • 2001 - BT launch UMTS on Isle of Man (3G) • 2012 - ?
Mobile generations “appear” every 10years
History of Mobile (in 1 minute!) And on the second day there was radio: • 1906 - Marconi Transmits using radio • 1925- Wireless Telegraphy • 1956 - First mobile phone system (0G) • 1980 - Analogue systems launched (1G) • 1990 - GSM launched in Europe (2G) • 2001 - BT launch UMTS on Isle of Man (3G) • 2012 - ?
3G = long delays, poor throughput, naff services, iffy handover and high cost? Vodafone 3G delay
The Rise of the HSPA Dongle - 3.5G HSPA service launched by all UK mobile networks and more widely in most of our global markets Explosive growth since Q4-2007 UK data charges cut; UK£10/month for 1GB, £5/month for existing customers Selling in the UK at 30k per week Positive market response, in particular ease-of-use (automatic authentication process) Some recent complaints about the quality of service (MNOs struggling to meet demand)
Nowhere near enough bandwidth for iPlayer!
L T E max imum us er bit-rate vs rang e - D ownlink-
urban
100.00
LTE
B it-rate / Mbit/s
10.00
HSDPA+
1.00
HSDPA
0.10
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4
Rang e / k m
No of users supported/km2 = Const*(Density of
Basestations/km2)*Spectrum*Efficiency/Reuse/(Bandwidth per session)
“Moore’s law” constant for Wireless is 5yrs!Spectrum – re-farming, TV white spaces, cognitive..
Cognitive Spectrum Access
Choose a spectrum band
Refresh spectrum list Click on the item below to connect to BT Network via one of
the available spectrum bands
Setup an automated
spectrum manager
TV White Spaces
free of charge (cognitive only)
Radar spectrum
free of charge (cognitive only)
Learn about cognitive
spectrum access 3G Spectrum Vodafone
Change the order of
preferred spectrum
£0.0012 per second (licensed or cognitive
only)
Change advanced ISM bands
settings
free of charge (best effort)
2G Spectrum Orange
£0.0005 per second (licensed or cognitive
only)
3G Spectrum 3
£0.0014 per second (licensed or cognitive only)
using every free channel: 151.5 MHz Low power devices
Using those with free adjacent channels: 38.6 MHz High power devicesKey Research questions Quantitative assessment of cognitive radio access to TV White Spaces: Spectrum quality and quantity, technology challenges and business models Cognitive spectrum manager/ dynamic spectrum portfolio: Mobility and QoS support for next generation mobile broadband Multiple antenna cognitive radio and spectrum aggregation: ultra-sensitive detection/1 Gbps capacity Cognitive radio systems: interference management
Are cellular and WLAN networks converging?
Simply wireless connectivity
License-exempt spectrum
Access is user controlled
WiFi access
point
ADSL UMTS
Internet Network
WLAN/3G
handsets
Extension of the UMTS network
UMTS
Licensed spectrum
handset Femto cell Access is operator controlledThere are many technical/regulatory/product issues
•Is the backhaul good enough?
•What about handover?
•How much will they cost?
•Who pays the cost?
•Do users expect “free” or low cost calls at home?
•How can I aggregate 1,000,000 RNCs?
•Who will they serve?
•Location locking? "We intend to use [femtocells]
to reduce macro capex spend
by up to
20 percent in some areas”
Andy MacLeod, Director of
Group Networks, Vodafone
© British Telecommunications plcStatus Connected
GPS
3G
WiFI
3G Coverage in
all the Scenario
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ofagain.
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WiFi->
HO
known
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toNWs
3G.
HO
WiFI
NWs
to 3GEverybody wants to go mobile!
But Figuring out the services is not so easy!
Call
Callidentification
identification Business
Businesslifestyle
lifestyle
&&messaging
messaging services
services
Service
Servicedirectory
directory Ring
Ringback
backtone
tone
enabled
enabledcalling
calling Lifestyles
Enhanced
Enhanced
communications
communications Personalisation
Personalisation
experience
experience
Secure
Secureportal
portal Payment
Payment&&
services
services identity
identityservices
services
Entertainment
Entertainment
Entertainment
Entertainment services;
services;video
video&&
services;
services;gaming
gaming music
musicServices Revenue & Access Cost
2G/2.5G 3G 4G
1000 Text Messaging
Downloads
100 MMS
Revenue
per
10
MB Mobile Video Clips
(USD) Voice DHealth*
1 Fixed Voice
Substitution
Mobile BB DOffice*
0.1 GSM/GPRS (0.1/Mb)
Music WCDMA (0.06/Mb)
Nomadic HSDPA (0.03/Mb)
DHome*
Fixed BB low OFDM (0.02/Mb)
Volume
0.01
Fixed BB high Economics**
10 100 1000 10000
Kbps
Throughput/Performance Requirement (Kbps)
Source: Analysis Research 2004,
**Intel
**Intel - illustrative onlyConclusion – key points and questions •Don’t play the generation game! •Radio will never catch the fixed network •Get smarter with spectrum •People want wireless devices •Short range (WLAN, LTE, Femto..) solutions •Convergence technology needed (handover, caching, AAA…) •Killer application is the Internet! •How can the players make money from this? •Will my BT shares ever go up ? © British Telecommunications plc
Thank you
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