Conflict and Compromise in History 2018 National History Day Theme Tennessee History Topics
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Conflict and Compromise in History
2018 National History Day Theme
Tennessee History Topics
Topic Conflict Compromise? Conflict Compromise?
Scopes Trial (1925) Substitute school teacher The court found Scopes
John Scopes was charged guilty and fined him $100,
with violating Tennessee’s but the verdict was later
Butler Act, which overturned on a
prohibited the teaching of technicality. The case was
human evolution in public considered a win for
schools. The trial Fundamentalists.
publicized the
Fundamentalist-Modernist
debate.
Columbia Race Riot of Fearing an attack on their In response to this and
1946 community following the several similar incidents,
arrest of a black WWII the NAACP successfully
veteran charged with persuaded President Harry
physically assaulting a Truman to create the
white store clerk, residents Committee on Civil Rights
of the predominately black in 1946.
Mink Slide neighborhood
shot and wounded
advancing assailants. In
retaliation, police officers
and white civilians
indiscriminately raided
houses and black
businesses, arrested
bystanders, and
confiscated weapons.2
Conflict and Compromise in History
2018 National History Day Theme
Tennessee History Topics
Memphis Sanitation African American workers After the assassination of
Strike (1968) in Memphis sanitation Martin Luther King, Jr.,
industry walked out of national labor leaders,
work in response to poor Pres. Lyndon Johnson, and
treatment from white TN Governor Buford
supervisors, poor working Ellington pressure the city
conditions, the city’s of Memphis to recognize
refusal to recognize labor the local union and allow
union, and low wages. deduction of union dues
from workers’ paychecks.
John Sevier and the Battle John Sevier and several After 65 minutes of battle,
of King’s Mountain (1780) other Patriots lead a militia the Loyalists surrendered.
against Loyalist forces in
South Carolina during the
Southern Campaign of the
American Revolutionary
War.
Kelly v. Board of In 1955, prominent black In 1957, Judge William E. White resisters protested
Education: The Nashville and NAACP Miller ordered the the integration of
Desegregation of attorneys filed a federal Nashville School Board to Nashville public schools,
Nashville Schools (1955) case against Nashville desegregate its public which included bombing
public schools to bring the schools. a school and enrolling
city into compliance with their children in private
the Brown v. Board of institutions. As a result of
Education decision. white opposition, Kelley
v. Board of Education
became Tennessee’s
longest running school
desegregation case,
which was finally settled
in 1998.3
Conflict and Compromise in History
2018 National History Day Theme
Tennessee History Topics
Ratification of the 19th Majority-white Tennessee The Tennessee General Despite fierce opposition, The Tennessee General
Amendment in Tennessee women organized Assembly passed a bill in women’s suffrage Assembly ratified the
(1920) themselves to campaign April 1918 which granted organizations continued Nineteenth Amendment
for female suffrage. partial suffrage to women. to mobilize for full in August 1920.
suffrage.
The Coal Creek War Coal Creek miners revolted Hundreds of coal miners
(1891-92) against coal mine owners were arrested for their
and the state government involvement. Still, the
militia for allowing the use publicity of the event
of convict labor by private forced the Tennessee
companies to undermine General Assembly to later
free wage labor. refuse to renew convict
labor contracts with
private businesses in
1896.
Knoxville Riot of 1919 White vigilantes attacked Hundreds of African
predominately a black Americans fled the city for
neighborhood in fear of racist violence.
retribution for the alleged Despite a lack of motive
murder of a white woman and evidence, the alleged
by a black man. murderer is found guilty
and executed.
Treaty of Lochabar (1770) British Southern Indian
Superintendent John
Stuart negotiated the
cession of Cherokee land
in what is now Northeast
Tennessee.4
Conflict and Compromise in History
2018 National History Day Theme
Tennessee History Topics
The Treaty of Sycamore Judge Richard Henderson Dragging Canoe, leader of
Shoals (1775) of North Carolina and the Chickamaugas,
Cherokee representatives refused to recognize the
negotiate an illegal transfer and launched a
transfer of Cherokee series of revolts against
territory to the the settlers.
Transylvania Land
Company and the land
rights of subsequent
purchases to white
settlers.
Treaty of Hopewell (1785) The U.S. and Cherokee White settlers ignored
representatives officially the treaty and in
end fighting and the response, the
Cherokee cede area south Chickamuaga group of
of the Cumberland River Cherokee, led by
for settlement in return Dragging Canoe defended
for protection of Cherokee their land.
Land.
Treaty of Holston (1791) Territorial Governor
William Blout and several
Cherokee tribes negotiate
the cession of all Cherokee
land claims to area east of
Clinch River and north of a
line through Kington to
the North Carolina border
for a sum of $1500.5
Conflict and Compromise in History
2018 National History Day Theme
Tennessee History Topics
Nickajack Expedition Major James Ore led an The Chickamauga villages
(1794) attack against the at Nickajack Town and
Chickamauga Cherokee Running Water town are
over the increasing razed and armies
hostility against white defeated.
colonizers.
First Treaty of Tellico U.S. commissioners
(1798) Thomas Butler and George
Walton and Cherokee
chiefs negotiate the
transfer of land between
the Clinch River and the
Cumberland Plateau and
between the Tennessee
and Little Tennessee
Rivers for white
settlement
Third Treaty of Tellico Indian Agent Return J.
(1805) Meigs and Daniel Smith
negotiate the transfer of
all Cherokee land north of
the Duck River and
extended that line due
east to the Tennessee
River, including all of the
Cumberland Plateau.6
Conflict and Compromise in History
2018 National History Day Theme
Tennessee History Topics
Treaty of Washington Secretary of War Henry
(1806) Dearborn and Cherokee
representatives
negotiated the purchase
Cherokee claims to land
South of the Duck River to
southern boundary of the
state in return for
$10,000, a gristmill, a
cotton gin, and a $100
annuity for Chief Black
Fox.
Jackson & McMinn Treaty Indian Agent Return J. Cherokee representatives
(1817) Meigs persuaded some transfer lands along the
Cherokees to relocate to Sequatchie River to white
the Arkansas area. But control in return for land
when they arrived, they along the Arkansas and
discovered Native White Rivers.
Americans already in
possession of the area.
Treaty of Tuscaloosa or Andrew Jackson and
Jackson Purchase (1818) former Governor Issac
Shelby purchase
Chickasaw land between
the Mississippi and
Tennessee Rivers for
$300,000 to be paid over
20 years7
Conflict and Compromise in History
2018 National History Day Theme
Tennessee History Topics
Calhoun Treaty (1819) Secretary of War John C.
Calhoun negotiates a
treaty with Cherokee
representatives to clear
the remaining area
between the Little
Tennessee and Hiwassee
Rivers for settlement.
Indian Removal Act of Chief John Ross of the Despite opposition to
1830 Cherokee leads resistance removal from a majority
to 1830 Indian Removal of Cherokees, the Treaty
Act signed by President of New Echota (1835)
Andrew Jackson which finalized the removal.
relocated all Native
Americans living in the east
to the west. The mass
removal became known as
the “Trail of Tears.”
The Treaty of New Echota A small minority of The Cherokee Nation
(1835) Cherokee representatives rejected the treaty, but
led by Major Ridge of despite opposition, were
Tennessee negotiated the forced to relocate to
purchase of Cherokee land Indian County
in Tennessee, Georgia,
and North Carolina and
the appropriation of
monies for the removal of
the Cherokee to Indian
County in what is now
Oklahoma8
Conflict and Compromise in History
2018 National History Day Theme
Tennessee History Topics
The Harriman Hosiery Textile workers at Federal officials
Mills Strike (1933-34) Harriman Hosiery Mill in intervened and negotiated
Harriman initiated a strike a compromise that fails to
over poor working benefit the workers.
conditions.
The Elizabethton Textile Elizabethton rayon plant President of rayon plant, Mothwurf and
Mill Strike (1929) workers strike over low Arthur Mothwurf, and management refused to
wages, unfair promotion labor representatives implement the demands.
practices, and petty negotiated a compromise In response, workers
regulation that applied to increase wages, protect initiate a series of
only to women. strikers against subsequent strikes.
discrimination, lift
injunctions, and recognize
an in-plant grievance
committee.
Andrew Jackson and the Newly-elected president Despite fierce opposition
Bank War (1833) Andrew Jackson initiated a from Congress, federal
campaign to destroy the deposits were never
country’s national financial returned to the Second
institution, the Second Bank, and its charter
Bank of the United States, expired in 1836.
by vetoing a bill to renew
its charter and redirecting
federal deposits to state
banks.9
Conflict and Compromise in History
2018 National History Day Theme
Tennessee History Topics
Tent City (1959) African American U.S. Department of Justice
sharecroppers in Fayette filed several suits against
and Henderson counties landowners, merchants,
built a makeshift and one financial
community known as institution for violating
“Tent City” after their African American voting
white employers fired and and civil rights.
evicted them for
attempting to register to
vote.
Nashville Sit-in Nashville college students After several failed
Movement (1960) launched a series of sit-ins attempts to reach a
at local Nashville lunch compromise, city officials
counters to challenge Jim and local businesses
Crow segregation. negotiated an agreement
to desegregate lunch
counters.
The Memphis Massacre In response to reports that Radical Republicans
of 1866 black soldiers killed several passed the Civil Rights Bill
police officers, white racist of 1866 and the federal
mobs violently attacked government forced
freedmen’s settlements in Tennessee to ratify the
a three-day pogrom. Fourteenth Amendment
before readmission into
the Union.
Reconstruction in Tennessee ratified the Democrats and white The Democrat-controlled
Tennessee Thirteenth and Fourteenth vigilantes challenged the Tennessee General
Amendments in order to new social, political, and Assembly passed a series
be readmitted into the economic rights of black of legislation to
Union in 1866. Tennesseans. disfranchise African
Americans and poor
whites.10
Conflict and Compromise in History
2018 National History Day Theme
Tennessee History Topics
Greenville Convention on Pro-Union delegates from
1861 East Tennessee declare
succession of Tennessee
unconstitutional and
unsuccessfully petition for
East Tennessee to form a
separate Union state.
Black Patch Tobacco War Vigilante farmers conduct As popular support for the
(1904-09) violent night rides in riders dwindled, Kentucky
Montgomery and Governor A. E. Wilson
Robertson counties to dispatched troops and
intimidate growers into several victims brought
supporting local tobacco civil suits against
cooperative. individual night riders.
Clinton Desegregation After successfully pressing Although Clinton made Despite state
Crisis (1947-58) Clinton to improve African several attempts to curb intervention, members of
American school facilities, full integration of public the local White Citizens
local African Americans, schools, in 1956, Federal Council and other
with the support of the Judge Robert L. Taylor segregationists launched
NAACP, filed a lawsuit to ordered the school board a verbally and physically
desegregate the public- to end segregation by the violent campaign against
school system. fall term of 1956. In school integration. Not
August, twelve African until 1965 would the
American students city’s primary schools be
desegregated Clinton High desegregated.
School.11
Conflict and Compromise in History
2018 National History Day Theme
Tennessee History Topics
Tennessee Colonization Slaveholders and Pro and antislavery
Society (1829) proslavery advocates fear advocates organized the
that the presence of Tennessee Colonization
free(d) black people will Society to transport
threaten the institution of free(d) people to Liberia
slavery and Haiti
Davis Cup Controversy Vanderbilt University
(1978) students, civil rights
organizations, and local
Nashvillians protested the
participation of apartheid
South Africa in the Davis
Cup tennis matches
Battle of Athens (1946) World War II veterans lead The veteran-led GI Non-
a rebellion against the Partisan League overthrew
local government of the government and
McMinn County for began legislating reforms
political corruption and to combat political
voter suppression. corruption in the county.
Night Riders of Reelfoot Vigilante horsemen Several suspects were
Lake (1908) conduct a series of violent arrested and convicted for
night rides over a land title the kidnapping and murder
dispute for Reelfoot Lake of a West Tennessee Land
Company officer in 1908. As
between Obion County
a consequence of public
residents and the West support for the Obion
Tennessee Land Company. residents, the Tennessee
Supreme Court overturned
their convictions and the
state acquired the title to
Reelfoot Lake in 1914.You can also read
