The Neutrino Experimental Program in the Years 2020-2040 - T. Nakaya (Kyoto U.)

August 22nd, 2016
 @NuFact2016, QUY NHON

 The Neutrino
 Experimental Program
in the Years 2020-2040

 T. Nakaya (Kyoto U.)

 1

Prospective Discovery
• From 2020 to 2030
 • Discovery of Neutrino CP violation
 • Determination of Mass Hierarchy [MH]
 • If inverted MH, discovery of Majorana Neutrino mass with the
 neutrino-less double beta decay.
 • Determination of neutrino masses via cosmological observations.
 • Supernova Neutrinos
 • Dark Matter via neutrino astronomy
 • Sterile Neutrinos
• After 2030, many precise measurements of
 • Neutrino CP phase, Matter effect, Neutrino mass, the number of Sterile
 neutrinos, etc..
 • Proton Decay
 2

Proposing Experiments
• From 2020 to 2030
 • T2K-II
 • JUNO
 • INO-ICAL
 • DUNE
 • Hyper-Kamiokande (and T2HKK) ll
 wi
 • OCRA/Pingu , I
 c t s .
 • nuSTORM F a ent
 N u im
 • Sterile Neutrino experiments f e r
 t o x p
 • Many supportive experiments and technology developments
 e
 g ay e
 r
 ta ec
 e
 After 2030
 th ta d
•

 • FNAL-PIP n d be
 t a le
 • Neutrino Factory a in ub
 s tr do
 • DAEδALUS o n s s
 e
 c - le
 • ESSνSB im in o
 t t r
 • J-PARC more Rings
 e
 h neu
 f t
 • KEK Proton Driver e
 o
 t he
 u s er
 • MOMENT c a ov
 Be ot c
 n 3

search into high power targetry is needed. Additionally, both the development of a 15 MW proton

 Anticipated Schedule
advances in muon transportation are essential for the success of the MOMENT concept. Central to
 g measurements is the reduction of systematic errors and accordingly, improved hadron production
ection measurements are critical.
all participants agreed that the Asian program can be successful and strengthened by the mutual
 participation.

 DUNE Experimental Strategy
 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37
 2024: First data!

 J-PARCν J-PARCν
 J-PARCν w/ >1MW
 Timeline! 2026: First Beam!
 w/ 220kW w/ 750kW

 • LBNF/DUNE is a merger of all previous
 T2K accumulates
 approved POT
 (7.8x10 )21
 CPV,MH~2-3σ w/Nova
 efforts
 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028
 (LBNE@US,
 10% of sin θ 2 LBNO@EU) and other
 23 interested parties to
 ProtoDUNEs
 Cavern excavation
 build, operate, exploit:
 Cryostat Construction
 Super-K MH~2σ
 ➡ An on-axis, tune-able wide-band neutrino beam pointing toFar Detector Installation
 Hyper-K Far Detector commissioning
 Sanford CPV>3σ
 Underground Research Facility (SURF) at a long
 MH>3σ
 θ23 octant
 baselineProton
 of 1300 km
 decay to 10 with an initial2016
 35 years 2017 of
 power 2018
 1.22019
 MW 2020
 and2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028
 capability to upgrade to 2.4 MW. Near Detector Design
 Conventional Facilities design
 Daya Bay, RENO JUNO, RENO-50 ➡ A 40-ktonne fiducial mass Liquid Argon Time Projection Near Detector Hall
 Δ(sin2θ 13)=3% MH
 Chamber located deep underground at 4850L (>4000 m.w.e)

From 2020 to 2030

 5

CP Violation Sensitivity
 Next on CP
 • HK: 10 years, staged
 NH • Dune: 7 years full conf.
 HK
 • T2K-II: 3 times T2K stats and
 several improvements in
 beam configuration and data
 analysis
 • T2K+Nova: full stats, basically
 T2K-II
 already achieved
 • What about Nova-II?

Summary talks by
• M. Mezzetto @ NEUTRINO2016
• (and I. Shipsey @ ICHEP2016 )
 6

3σ C.L.

 ∆ χ2 to
 99% C.L. 99% C.L.

 ∆ χ2 to e
 5
 ∆ χ2 to e

 T2K-II
 99% C.L.
 5 5 90% C.L.

5 90% C.L. 90% C.L.

 90% C.L. 0
 −200 −100 0 100 200
 0 0
 −200 −100 0
0
 −200 −100 0 100 200
 True δ100
 CP(°)
 200
−200 −100 0
 True δ100
 CP(°)
 200
 True δCP(°)
 True δCP(°)
 (b) Assuming the MH is known – measured by
 •(a)3σ sensitivity
 Assuming to CP violation
 the MH is unknown. for
 (b) Assuming thefavorable
 MH is known –parameters
 measured by based on
(a) Assuming the MH is unknown. an outside experiment.
 21 an outside experiment.
 20 10 Protons on Target with the upgrade of J-PARC to 1.3MW (~10
 •
FIG. 20: Sensitivity
 year to CPrun)
 long violation as a function
 before year of true CP for the full T2K-II exposure
 2026.
20: Sensitivity to CP violation as a function of true CP for the full T2K-II exposure
 of 2021⇥ 1021 POT with a 50% improvement in the e↵ective statistics, 2016 systematics are
⇥ 10 POT • 50with% more
 a 50% eventsinwith
 improvement improvements
 the e↵ective statistics, 2016of the beam
 systematics are line and event
 employed, and assuming that the true MH is the normal MH. The left plot is with assump-
 reconstructions.
oyed, and assuming that the true MH is the normal MH. The left plot is with assump-
 tion of unknown mass hierarchy and the right is with known mass hierarchy. Sensitivities
of unknown • mass
 ~2/3 hierarchy
 smaller and systematic
 the right is withuncertainties.
 known mass hierarchy. Sensitivities
 2
 at three di↵erent values 2of sin ✓23 (0.43, 0.5 and 0.6) are shown. 932 that the T2K-II data is taken in roughly
ree di↵erent values of sin ✓23 (0.43, 0.5 and 0.6) are shown.

 T2K-II: PHYSICS POTENTIAL
 933 (with true normal MH and CP = ⇡/2)
 T2K Preliminary
 T2K Preliminary
 20
 T2K
 sys. Preliminary
 T2K Preliminary
 ∆ χ2 to exclude sinδCP=0

 20x1021 POT w/ eff. stat. & improvements
 20 20
 20x1021 POT w/ eff. stat. T2K
 & sys.Preliminary
 ∆ χ2 to exclude sinδCP=0

 21

 ∆ χ2 to exclude sinδCP=0
 ∆ χ2 to exclude sinδCP=0

 improvements 20x1021 POT7.8x10 POT&w/
 w/ eff. stat. 2016
 sys. sys. errs.
 improvements 15
0 21 21 2
 True sin2θ23=0.43
 20x10 POT7.8x10
 21 POT&w/
 w/ eff. stat. 2016
 sys. sys. errs.
 improvements 7.8x10 POTTrue
 15 sin θsys.
 w/ 2016 23=0.43
 errs. w/ eff. stat. improvements (no sys. errors)
 21 2 2 True sin2
 θ =0.50 True sin2θ23=0.50
 15 POT True
 7.8x10 sin sys.
 w/ 2016 θ23=0.43
 errs. 15 True sin θ23=0.43
 True sin2
 23
 w/ eff. stat. & sys. improvements
 θ 23=0.60
 2 2
 2 True
 True sin θ23=0.43 sin θ =0.50 True sin θ =0.50 True sin2θ23=0.60
5 2
 23 23
 2 True
 True sin θ =0.50
 23
 sin θ 23=0.60
 2
 True sin θ23=0.60
 10 10 3σ C.L.
 3σ C.L.
 2
 True sin θ23=0.60
 10 3σ C.L. 10 3σ C.L. 99% C.L. 99% C.L.
0 3σ C.L. 99% C.L. 99% C.L.
 5
 5
 99% C.L.
 5 5 90% C.L.
 90% C.L.
5 90% C.L. 90% C.L.

 90% C.L. 0
 −200 −100 0 100 200
 0 0 0
 −200 −100 0 100 200 −200 −100 0 True δ100 200 0 5 10 15 20
0 CP(°)
−200 −100 0True δ100 200
 CP(°) True δCP(°) Protons-on-Target (x1021)
 True δCP(°)
 hierarchy unknown
 (a) Assuming the MH is unknown.
 external
 (b) Assuminghierarchy input– measured by
 the MH is known
 (b) Assuming the MH is known – measured by
(a) Assuming the MH is unknown. an outside experiment.
 7 FIG. −3 22: Sensitivity to CP violation a
 T2K Preliminary
 × 10
 • Assumes ~50% increase in effective
 an outsidestatistics/POT
 experiment. 3

JUNO
 • Large (~20kton) liquid Scintillator detector to advance neutrino physics
 • Mass Hierarchy determination with ~4σ by measuring the reactor
onsiderations on resolution
 anti-neutrinos.
 • Precise
spherical measurements of oscillation parameters.
 detector
 design optimised for Mass Hierarchy: “Precise & Large” Summary of MH Sensitivity
 JUNO has been
 • additional astro-particle
 approvedprograms
 in China in
 for statistics Feb. 2013 ~ 300 M$ PRD 88, 013008 (2013) Relative Meas. ∆m 2
 The
 for •energy data taking is planned to start in
 resolution 2020
etector Resolution: Prospective and
 Statistics only 4σ
 approved funding from Realistic case 3σ
 other countries:
 Entries (a.u.)

-Δχ2 contours • Belgium
 3% Res
 • Czechia
 •
 •
 Finland
 France
 Neutrino & Positron Sp
 • Germany Spectrum
 • Italy
 • Russia
 no energy
 • Taiwan Normal Hierarchy Conditions for the exampl
 • Chile Inverted Hierarchy
 LS Three neutrino framewo
 1 2 3 4 5 6
 Positron Energy [MeV] Baseline: 50 km
 8
 Fiducial Volume: 5 kt
016 Gioacchino Ranucci - INFN Sez. di Milano Large
 3 photocoverage

INO-ICAL
• Big Iron/RPC detector (50 kton) with magnetic field as an atmospheric neutrino
 observatory.
 • Neutrino mass hierarchy with ~4σ sensitivity
 • Measurements of oscillation parameters.
• Tunnel/Experimental hall construction will start in 2016 for 3~4 years with one
 module per year.
 INO site at BodiHills

 Determination of neutr
 = . ,
 = . 

 50Kton ICAL neutrino Detector

 9

DUNE
 • Large Lq.DUNE
 ArDUNE Dual
 TPCFar
 (40 kton Phase
 fiducial)
 Detector atDesign
 Alternative the baseline of 1300 km on-
 Design
 axis with Fermilab 1.2 MW beam See#C.#Morri
 #######S.#Denni
 DUNE
 • Neutrino CP violation up to ~5σ Physics Landscape:
 CP Violation Sensitivity asS/N≈100
 a function of δcp / MH
 • Neutrino Mass Hierarchy
 Anode
 • Note:%SoYware(configura%ons((geometry,(flux,(detector(response
 +
 • Proton decay: p→K ν60 m sensi%vity(calcula%ons(shown(here(are(now(published:(arXiV:1606
 12 m
 12 m
 • Galactic SuperNova
 Field shaping rings
 PMTs
 (180)
 CP
 Sensi%vity(to(CP(Viola%on,(aYer(300(kt3MW3yrs(( drift MH, δ
 DP Readout and
 (Bands(re
 (3.5+3.5(yrs(x(40kt(@(1.07(MW)(
 • The data taking is planned to start in 2026
 Cathode beam(con
 CP Violation Sensitivity Mass hierarchy coverage
 CP Violation Sensitivity
 D
 8 8
 DUNE Sensitivity DUNE Sensitivity
 • Alternative Design Features
 CDR Reference Design CDR Referen
 Normal Hierarchy Inverted Hierarchy
 7 300 kt-MW-years Optimized Design 7 300 kt-MW-years Optimized D
 sin22θ13 = 0.085
 - One drift region (bottom6 to top) sin2θ23 = 0.45 Normal%Hierarchy% sin22θ13 = 0.085
 sin2θ23 = 0.58 Inverted%Hier
 6
 5σ 5σ
 - Modular design to facilitate
 5 underground transport and installation
 5
 σ = ∆ χ2

 σ = ∆ χ2
 - Large S/N possible due 4to signal amplification in gas phase
 4
 3σ 3σ
 3 3

 12 30.05.16 André 2 2
 7 04.28.16 EricRubbia
 James | Status of DUNE
 | Opportunities for Particpation in DUNE
 1 1

rospects 17
 0
 -1 10
 6 July -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1
 2016 DUNE: Status
 δCP/ π & Prospects - J. Urheim,
 0
 -1 2016
 Neutrino -0.8 -0.6 -0.4 -0.2 0 0.2 0.4 0
 δCP/ π

Hyper-Kamiokande
 • Gigantic Water Cherenkov detector (520 kton) with 1.3 MW J-
 PARC Neutrino beam

 olution• Neutrino CP violation up to >5σ
 Proton Decay S
 • Neutrino Mass Hierarchy in atmospheric νProton decay p → + 
 is a f
herenkov in Kamioka. 35 Similar analysis as
 • Proton decays up to ~10 years : p→e+π0 (K+ν) (remove events wi
de optimized . improved PMTs.
 d
 • Galactic (relic) Supernova ν, solar ν
-KHyper-Kamiokande
 Sensitivity
 •
 to
 The data taking is planned 
 to start in 2026
 tproton =1.4×1034years (SK 90% CL limit)
 Free Proton Enhanced
 (2026-) signal 0 < Ptot < 100 MeV/c

 =0 sind =0 exclusion atm. bkgd

=-90°(-45°)
 of d parameter BoundProton Enhanced
 100 < Ptot < 250 MeV/c

 d measurement:
ssible
 11
 0.52Mton=520kton

T2HKK
• Korean option for the second HK tank?
 Korean option for the second tank ?
 • CP violation at the 2nd oscillation maximum
 Just started to study sensitivity and the physics case
 • Better mass hierarchy sensitivity

 HK
 HK

 12

ORCA and PINGU
 • Neutrino telescopes
 Sensi6vity
 The ORCA to Mass Hierarchy
 Detector
 • ~5.7 Mt instrumented
 •DigitalORCA
 Op(cal Module in KM3NeT (Deep Sea in Mediterranean)
 • 115strings
 115 lines, 20m spaced,
 17”
H sensi6vity in 3 years
 • 18
 18 DOMs / string9m(~50
 DOMs/line spaced
 kt ~ 2 × SK)
 •
 •
 31 PMTs / DOM (~3 kt ~ MINOS)
 Total: 64k*3¨ PMTs
 450 m
 • PING in IceCube (Ice in South pole)
mbina6on of NH and upper
of θ23 would significantly• Neutrino mass hierarchy with >4σ sensitivity
e sensi6vity (5σ in9 3
 m
 years) ‒ 31 x 3” PMTs
 ~200 m

 ‒ Uniform angular coverage

 The data taking is planned to start in 2020
 ‒ Direc6onal informa6on
 •
sensi6vity is essen6ally
 ‒
 ‒
 Digital photon coun6ng
 Background rejec6on
 ‒ All data to shore
ndent of θ23 3 yrs
 Depth=2475m
 ~210 m (ORCA) and 2023 (PING)
 See P1.095: R. Bruijn,
 The KM3NeT DOM 6

ue of δcp has small but non-
ble impact on sensi6vity
 PINGU NMO
 IceCube
 F
e scenario (NH and θ23=48°)
hieve >5σ by mid 2021 (1.5 years) y
 P

 DeepCore

 PINGU
 13
 13
 • Combination of signal in track and cascade channel

nuSTORM
 18
• The first Neutrino Factory from the stored muons (~10 muon
 decays).
 • PATHS FORWARD….
 Very sensitive sterile neutrino search.
 • Precise Neutrino cross section measurements, especially for νe
• To be reconsidered (evaluated) in 2020.

 14

Sterile Neutrinos
 • Many sterile search experiments with accelerators and reactors.
 • The initial results Sterile neutrino
 are expected search
 before 2020. M. Harada et al, arXiv:1310.1437

 2 Short&Baseline&Reactor&Experiments*&
IGNAL
 SOXIN SOX (2) @MLF
 JSNS2
 (JSNS ;J-PARC E56) p timing
 Next beam is 40ms later

 Selecting muon deca
 JSNSExperiment*
 2 Reactor*
 Power/Fuel*
 Overburden*
 (mwe)*
 Detection*
 Material*
 Segmentation* Optical*
 Readout*
 (ε~74%)
 Particle*ID*
 Capability*

 confirms or refutes
 DANSS%
 (Russia)%
 3000%MW%
 LEU%fuel%
 ~50% Inhomogeneous%
 PS%&%Gd%sheets%
 2D,%~5mm%% WLS%fibers.% Topology%only%

 the neutrino %2800%MW%
 NEOS%% ~20% Homogeneous%% none% Direct%double% recoil%PSD%only%
 Hg (South%Korea)%
 oscillation with %
 LEU%fuel%
 sterile GdPdoped%LS% ended%PMT%
 nuLat%% 40%MW% few% Homogeneous% QuasiP3D,%5cm,% Direct%PMT% Topology,%recoil%
 neutrino(νµ% νeU%fuel%
 (USA)% 235
 ) 6
 Li%doped%PS% 3Paxis%Opt.%Latt% &%capture%PSD%
 Neutrino4%
 uses ultra-pure100%MW%
 (Russia)%
 235
 U%fuel%
 ~10% Homogeneous%%
 GdPdoped%LS%
 2D,%~10cm% Direct%single%
 ended%PMT%
 Topology%only%

 12.25 m neutrinos from85%MW%
 PROSPECT%%%
 %
 few% Homogeneous%%% 2D,%15cm% Direct%double% Topology,%recoil%
 235 6

 stopping µ+ % U%fuel%
 (USA)*% LiPdoped%LS% ended%PMT% &%capture%PSD%

 SoLid%% 72%MW% ~10% Inhomogeneous% QuasiP3D,%5cm% WLS%fibers% topology,%
 separates signalsU%fuel%
 (UK%Fr%Bel%US)%
 235
 from 6
 LiZnS%&%PS% multiplex% capture%PSD%
 %
 4.25 m
 Note: Detector location is under discussion BKG by measuring
 Chandler%% 72%MW% ~10% Inhomogeneous% QuasiP3D,%5cm,% Direct%PMT/% topology,%
 (USA)% 235
 U%fuel% 6
 LiZnS%&%PS% ν timing
 2Paxis%Opt.%Latt% WLS%Scint.% capture%PSD%
 energy distortion
 %
 Stereo%%
 (France)%
 57%MW%
 235
 U%fuel% SBN νµ à νe Oscillation Sens
 ~15% Homogeneous%%%%% 1D,%25cm%
 GdPdoped%LS%
 Direct%single%
 ended%PMT%
 recoil%PSD%%

 %
 144Ce
 The Three LArTPC SBN Program
 %
 For-more-detail-on-detector-designs-see-poster-sessions-and-A.-Vacheret’s-talk:-
 - - - - - - - -“Novel-compact-neutrino-detector-development”-
 *&Short&Baseline&Physics&as&primary&goal& 7-
 Distance from Ac;ve LAr SBND

 Detector BNB Target Mass LSND region
 Submi&ed FNAL PAC January 2015 arXiv:1503.01520 SBND 110 m 112 ton brown (90%CL) &
 MicroBooNE 470 m 87 ton green (99%CL)
 ICARUS 600 m 476 ton
 5σ
 12 / 23 5 years x MW
 15

 15

Supportive Experiments T. Fukuda, NEUTRINO2016

 • Nuclearexperiments
 Many supportive Emulsion areDetector
 necessary and - essential. They are
 the key J-PARC
 (seeds) forT60
 the future.
 Feasibility study： 2kg-Iron target ECC, 1.5kg-Water target ECC

 • Hadron Production exp.: CERN NA61/SHINE, etc.. T. Fukuda, NEUTRINO201

 •
 Water target -
 Neutrino Cross Section exp.: Beyond MINERvA, MiniBooNE, T2K-
 ND280, NOvA ND, and many many…

 NA61/SHINE experiment
 Hybrid analysis with INGRID
 Large acceptance spectrometer at

 3 Time of Flight (TOF)
 5 TPCs
 CERN SPS (successor of NA49)
 JINST 9 P06005 (2014) NuPRISM
 T. Fukuda, NEUTRINO2016 /TITSU
n Water -
US Target
 Proton identification
 NA61/SHINE data taking for T2K :
 Year Stat (⇥106 ) NA61/SHINE status
 ANNIE Time resolution

 T2K status
 2007 0.7 published : ⇡ ± [1], K+ [2], K0S , ⇤[3] has been used
 Thin [C, 4% I]
 2009 5.4 published : ⇡ ± , K± , p, K0S , ⇤[4] is currently used
 2007 0.2 published : ⇡ ± [5] method developed
 Thick [T2K replica] 2009 2.8 submitted : ⇡ ± [6] analysis ongoing First detection of ν - Water interaction
 2010 ⇠ 10 analysis ongoing -
 in Emulsion detector
 [1]: PRC 84 (2011) 034604, [2]: PRC 85 (2012) 035210, [3]: PRC 89 (2014) 025205, [4]: EPJ C76 (2016) n°2 84 16
 [5]: NIM A701 (2013) 99-114, [6]: A. Haesler’s PhD (CERN-THESIS-2015-103), paper submitted to EPJC, arXiv : 1603.06774

 8 / 0 //- 1 6 -12 ! ) 23 2) (6-21 2 ν /
 J-PARC T60
 ANNIE

 16 and more!

Super-K PMT 50cm HQE
 Venetian Blind Box&Line PMT

 Technology development Box-and-Line
 Dynode

 • Active R&D on new technology are Vital in our research
 Other Developments:
 Recent milestone: choice
 M

 R a D I Outlook
 Hybrid Photo Detectors (HPDs)
 J-PARC/
 PhotosensorAImprovements
 P1.012, The R
 3
 muon g-2 T E
 • Efficiency x 2, Timing resolution x 1/2
 Photo Multipliers (PMTs) Collaboration

ProtoDUNE at the CERN neutrino plaEorm • Pressure tolerance x 2 (>100m)
 Radia%on Damage In Accelerator Target Environments
 • Enhance p→ν + signal,50cmsolarHQE , neutron
 HPD Under viability
 Broad aims are threefold: radiate.fnal.gov study
 Photo takensignature
 on 27/4/2016
 of np→d+g(2.2MeV),..
 w/ 20mm f AD
 6/July/2016 The Hyper-KamI
 SoLid is
 to generate
 •§ the first
 new and step
 useful towards
 materials a cost-effective
 data for applica@on
 PMT robust
 within the accelerator
 Hyper-KPerson
 EHN1 extension, ν Experimental
 and fission/fusionArea
 communi@es
 segmented
 to recruit
 § Super-K
 Beneficial occupancy September
 PMT
 detector
 and develop
 2016 new scien@fic
 50cm HQE and engineering experts who can cross the
 boundaries between these communi@es
 Box&Line PMT
Cryostats ready for§Venetian
 detectors
 BlindinstallaNon
 to ini@ate and coordinate a con0nuing synergy between research in these
 • directionality
 in April 2017
 communi@es, sensitivity
 benefiing both protonstill to beapplica0ons
 accelerator explored in science and
 Evaluate both the PMT
 Charged beam industry
 Springand carbon-free energy technologies
 2018 Box-and-Line
 • MUON LINAC
 room to increase performance in the
 Dynode nextPMT
 characteristics’ impacts
 2-10 years:
 Super-K on MH hierarchy and
CERN Neutrino Platform the cost.
 Other Developments:
 • transmission design (Lattice): CHANDLER,
 Multi-PMTs
 Ter8ary beams on H2NuLAT
 MICE H4: toconcept from
 Working
 and
 Hybrid Photo Detectors (HPDs) Finished 20” PMT
 improve the energy resolution0.2-12 GeV/c, momentum bite
 KM3NeT
 33 8cm(3-inch) PMTs bidding but:
 at end of 2015:
 MICE
 5% (canJuly
 be9 reduced
 2016OD
 to 1%
 13 P. Hurh | Nu 2016
 -- •15000
 Usage
 with integrated spectrometer for ID/OD
 MCP-PMT
 (Muon Ionization Cooling
H2 • Adding more Lithium or new materials
 measurements)to raise • lower
 (NNVT) pressure
 Experiment) -- 5000 Dynode-PMT
 tolerance required.
 neutron efficiency ( >90% ?) Mixed hadrons beam:
 (Hamamatsu)
 H4 50cm HQE HPD Under viability • ultrapure water.
 § (±) !, K, " with e Neutrino 2016 - July 6, 2016 Gioacchino Ranucci - INFN Se
 w/ 20mm f AD study
 ID contamina8on at International contribut.
 low
 • low maintenance integrated design would1 enable
 concept easier
 6/July/2016 The Hyper-Kamiokande Experiment 9
 energies
 future deployment: § Pure e beams
 17§ Parasi8c $ halo
 July)9,)2016) Neutrino)2016) 21)

After 2030

 18

FNAL PIP-II?
 Next Upgrade of Accelerator Complex
 to Multi-Megawatt Beam Power Levels
 2.4 MW + …after 2030 To carry out R&D toward multi-MW upgrade..

• •We just started development
 To enable multi-MW beam power, losses must be
 of the • Fermilab constructing Accelerator Test Facility consisting of:
 – IOTA ring itself
 – Its two injectors (electron and proton) = FAST (Fermilab
 record gradient 31.5 MV/m
 concept and began
 kept well

Neutrino
 NEUTRINOFactory
 FACTORY
 • Muon Accelerator Staging Study!
 • An incremental staged approach!
 • NuMAX @ 5 GeV!
 • Optimized for FNAL:SURF!

• In the ICFA Neutrino Panel report “Roadmap for the international
 Accelerator-based neutrino programme”.
 • http://icfa.fnal.gov/wp-content/uploads/2016-05-07-nuPanel-roadmap-Final.pdf

 • The Neutrino Factory offers the potential to deliver sensitivity and
 precision beyond those offered by the next generation experiments
 (DUNE and Hyper-K).
 July)9,)2016) Neutrino)2016)
 20

30 matter effects) 35

 1" ! Measurement Uncertainty (degrees)

 1" ! Measurement Uncertainty (degrees)
 LBNE DAEdALUS@LENA

 ▸ Long-baseline
 JPARC@Hyper-K 30 DAEdALUS@Hyper-K
 25
 DAEdALUS/JPARC(nu only)@Hyper-K DAEdALUS/JPARC(nu only)@Hyper-K

 DAEδALUS
 20 experiment can 25

 15
 focus on more efficient 20

 10
 neutrino-only running
 Combine
 15

 Pick and choose – graphclick 10or ask Mike for plot you want.
 5

 DAR/ DAR for Neutrino CP-violation
 5

 0 0
 -180 -135 -90 -45 0 45 90 135 180 -180 -135 -90 -45 0 45 90 135 180

 !CP (degrees) !CP (degrees)

▸ DAR/μDAR can also be used
 T. Wongjirad
 Configuration(MIT) 14 ⌫µ Detector
 30
 Neutrino 2016

 1" ! Measurement Uncertainty (degrees)
 Source(s) Average LBNE
 Fiducial Run

 DAR
 Figure 16: Top: The sensitivity of the CP -violation search in various configurations:
 LongDark Blue
 to measure δCP with ⌫¯µ DAE ALUS@LENA
 Name Baseline Volume
 JPARC@Hyper-K
 Length
 – DAE ALUS@LENA, Red-DAE ⌫
 ¯
 ALUS@Hyper-K,
 e Black–DAE ALUS/JPARC(nu-only)@Hyper-
 Beam Power
 25

 DAR
 + DAEdALUS/JPARC(nu only)@Hyper-K
 K. Bottom: Light Blue– LBNE; Green– JPARC@Hyper-K [93] DAEBlack–DAE ⇡
 ALUS onlyALUS/JPARC(nu-
 N/A LENA
 20
 50 kt 10 years
 only)@Hyper-K (same as above). See DAE
 Table ALUS@Hyper-K
 5 for the descriptionDAE
 of each configuration.
 ALUS only N/A Hyper-K 560 kt 10 years

▸ Goal of the Daedalus experiment DAE ALUS/JPARC
 (nu only)@Hyper-K
 DAE ALUS
 e+
 & JPARC + 750 kW
 Hyper-K
 15
 560 kt 10 years

 JPARC@Hyper-K JPARC µ 750 kW ⌫e Hyper-K 560 kt 3 years ⌫ +
 28

▸ Experiment setup: a single
 10 7 years ⌫¯ [93]
 ⌫¯µ LBNE 35 kt
 LBNE FNAL 850 kW 5 years ⌫
 5 years ⌫¯ [89]

 detector and multiple (DAR) Table 5: Configurations M.#Toups,#MIT#++#TAUP#2013#
 5

 arXiv:1307.6465# considered in the various CP violation sensitivity studies. 12#
 0

 sources tagging efficiency, assumed to be 0.5%, and the antineutrino flux uncertainties that are constrained
 -180 -135 -90 -45 0

 !CP (degrees)
 45 90 135 180

 as described next.
 The DAE ALUS CP violation analysis follows three steps. First, the absolute normalization of
 Figure 16: Top: The sensitivity of the CP -violation search in various configurations: D
 the flux from the near accelerator is measured
 – DAE using the >21,000
 ALUS@LENA, neutrino-electron
 Red-DAE ALUS@Hyper-K, scatters
 Black–DAE from that
 ALUS/JPARC(nu-only
 source in the detector, for which the cross section Light
 K. Bottom: is known
 Blue– to 1%. Green–
 LBNE; The relative flux normalization
 JPARC@Hyper-K [93] Black–DAE ALUS/JP
 between the sources is then determined only)@Hyper-K (same as above).
 using the comparative ratesSeeofTable 5 for the
 charged description
 current of each configuration.
 ⌫e -oxygen (or
 ⌫e -carbon) interactions in the the detector. Since this is a relative measurement, the cross section

 1 km 8 km 20 km
 uncertainty does not come in but the high statistics is important. Once the normalizations of the
 accelerators are known, then the IBD data can be fit to extract the CP -violating 28 parameter CP .
 The fit needs to include all the above systematic uncertainties along with the physics parameter
 uncertainties associated with, for example, the knowledge of sin2 2✓13 and sin2 ✓23 , which are assumed
 to be known with an error of ±0.005 and ±0.01, respectively.
 T. Wongjirad (MIT) Neutrino
 11 must be paired with water or scintillator
 DAE ALUS 2016 that have free proton targets. The
 detectors
 original case was developed for a 300 kt Gd doped water detector at Homestake, in coordination
 21 DAE ALUS was incorporated into a programa with the 50 kt LENA
 with LBNE [91]. Subsequently,

ESSνSB
 The unique feature of ESSnuSB is to make
 use of the ca 3 times higher sensitivity to
 ESSνSB δCP at the second oscillation maximum
 1477
 thereby reducing by the same factor the
 Measuring leptonic CP sensitivity to systematic errors.
 violation at the
 second ν oscillation For this purpose we plan to provide enough
 beam power - 5 MW - to be able to record
 maximum
 Third International Meeting for Large Neutrino
 enough statistics of electron neutrinos and
 Infratsructures
 at KEK 30-31 May 2016
 anti-neutrinos in a Megaton neutrino
2016-05-30
 Nu Infrastructures at KEK 30-31 may 2016
 Tord Ekelof,
 Tord EkelöfUppsala University
 Uppsala University
 1 detector located at the second oscillation
 maximum
 1

 Nu Infrastructures at KEK 30-31 may 2016
 2016-05-30 2
 Tord Ekelöf Uppsala University

 • The ESS proton Linac will be ready by 2023.
 • 2.0 GeV protons (up to 3.5 GeV with upgrades)
 23
 • > 2.7 10 POT/year
 22

More Rings in J-PARC
 The 8-GeV booster ring Stretcher ring for increasing operation time of HD users
 Beta & Dispersion for 1-superperiod To NU
 1.2 s
 H&V RF CAVs Extraction to
βx,y (m)

 MR
 3 GeV the stretcher
 8-GeV BR Fast
 ---> 30 GeV
 MR cycle
 Injection energy 3 GeV Extraction

 INJ+COLL

 RF CAVs
 Extraction energy 8 GeV
 Circumference 696.666 m HD NU NU NU HD NU
ηx,y (m)

 Superperiodicity 4
 Transition gamma ~15 GeV Injection 4.8 s
 Collimator Aperture 126π.mm.mrad Stretcher ring
 Physical Aperture 189 π.mm.mrad no acceleration Stretcher
 Beam spill
 s (m)
 EXT Slow Extraction
 Phase plot @ inj.(3GeV) & extr.(8GeV)
 (x,x’) (y,y’) : Cycle= 1.2 s, 800 kW
 Injection Beam 81 pi Baseline design SX: Cycle= 4.8 s flat-top 3.6 s)
 x(m)
 0.7
 8 GeV injection in Circumference of the stretcher is same as the MR
 @ 3GeV
 the MR using new
 QDR007
 QDT005

 0.6
 QFR006
 QFP004

 KM01 2.36 mrad

 ZSH0062.36 mrad

 KM03 2.36 mrad

 ε>125.5π ~0.04% 0.5 septa&kickers Integrated beam power for 200 days/year;
 MS00

 Collimator

 0.4
 NU : 800kW x 3/4 x 200 days =600kW x 200 days
 KM02
 MS10
 BP01

 BP02
 MS20

 HD : 800kW x 1/4 x 200 days =200kW x 200 days
 0.3

 0.2
 RCS : 1.4 MW
 @ 8GeV MR > 2.2 MW
 0.1

 ~0.06%
 T. Koseki @ HINT2015
 ε>54π 0
 RCS : 2 MW
 -0.1
 MR > 3.2 MW
 -0.2
 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
 s(m)

 http://j-parc.jp/pn/HINT2015/
 • 8GeV Booster Ring
 • 2 MW RCS and >3.2 MW for MR
 • Stretcher Ring
 • Simultaneous beam operations for Neutrinos and Hadrons
 23

KEK Proton Driver
 he proton driver in the KEKB Tunnel
 SC Cavity
 - Outline of acceleration : For the acceleration in the
 Status Jan 22, 2014
 • 1.2 GeV in 1st straight. ILC cavity
 • 3.3 GeV in 2nd straight.
 • +2.9 GeV in 3rd and 4th straight. Yield ofSh
 6.2 GeV
 3.3 + 2.9 x 2 = 9.0 GeV Yield of usable
 R
 12
 LC 12S
 12 12L D1 8 M
 SM C7 8
 7 2
 12
 C

 Three 1.3 GHz 上段壁側＜？＞
 上段手前側＜真空戻り＞
 中段壁側＜？＞
 中段手前側＜真空出＞
 下段壁側＜マグネット出＞
 下段手前側＜マグネット戻り＞

 D1 Ts
 u
 ##
 Ni ku
 kk D1
 ba
 rebunchers
 1
 o
 - Peak current : 100 mA (pulse)
 ca
 KL4

 ＜真空戻＞
 ＜真空出＞
 ＜マグネット戻＞
 ＜マグネット出＞
 ＜ＲＦ戻＞
 ＜ＲＦ出＞

 KL3

 KR1
 ＜真空戻＞
 ＜真空出＞
 ＜マグネット戻＞
 ＜マグネット出＞
 ＜ＲＦ戻＞
 ＜ＲＦ出＞

 KR2

 KR3

 D1
 0 D2
 N
 - Beam duty : 1 % Crab

 0

 9 GeV
 0

 Quadrupole
 上段壁側＜？＞
 上段手前側＜真空戻り＞
 中段壁側＜？＞
 中段手前側＜真空出＞
 下段壁側＜マグネット出＞
 下段手前側＜マグネット戻り＞

 Q
 50m

 50m

 Bending
 9C Three 1.3 GHz RF cavity
 - Beam power : rebunchers
 3L
 C1

 3S
 M
 9S 1
 9L M6

 9000 MeV x 0.1 A x 1 % = 9 MW C6

 To Kamioka D3 ILC cryomodule

 下段手前側＜マグネット戻り＞
 下段壁側＜マグネット出＞
 中段手前側＜真空出＞
 中段壁側＜？＞
 上段手前側＜真空戻り＞
 上段壁側＜？＞
 D9

 3S
 M
 2
 3L
 C2
 QD3P.34
 SD5OLP.2

 9L
 C5
 9S SD5OL.1
 QD3P.33

 M
 5
 3C

 3.3 GeV 下段手前側＜マグネット戻り＞
 下段壁側＜マグネット出＞
 中段手前側＜真空出＞
 中段壁側＜？＞
 上段手前側＜真空戻り＞
 上段壁側＜？＞

 0 D4
 D8
 50m

 O
 ho
 ＜ＲＦ出＞
 ＜ＲＦ戻＞
 ＜マグネット出＞
 ＜マグネット戻＞
 ＜真空出＞
 ＜真空戻＞

 Fu
 ＜ＲＦ出＞
 ＜マグネット出＞
 ＜ＲＦ戻＞
 ＜マグネット戻＞

 ＜真空出＞
 ＜真空戻＞
 0

 ji 50m
 D5

 D7

 Average maxim
 6S
 6L M
 下段手前側＜マグネット戻り＞
 下段壁側＜マグネット出＞
 中段手前側＜真空出＞
 中段壁側＜？＞
 上段手前側＜真空戻り＞
 上段壁側＜？＞

 6C C3 3

 6L
 C4
 1.2 GeV (30.5 ± 7.
 Three 650 MHz
 D6
 6S

 Quadrupole M
 4

 Bending rebunchers EZ: (28.3 ±
 R&Ds are necessary : Higher gradient SCRFcavities,
 cavity High power target, Horn… RI: (32.9and
 KEK has rich experience ±7
 of ILC cavity and cryomodule
 fabrication.
 Preliminar
T. Koseki @ HINT2015, http://j-parc.jp/pn/HINT2015/
 S. Aderhold, DESY

 24

shown in Figure 2. The neutrino source including the proton driver, target station and
 pion/muon transport channels can be hosted in the CSNS site [26], and a possible

 MOMENT
 detector may be located at the JUNO site. The distance between the two sites is about
 150 km, consistent to the average neutrino energy of 200-300 MeV.

 J. 2:Tang
 Figure @ NuFact2015
 Schematic and arXiv:1401.8125
 layout of the MOMENT facility

• A CW protondriver
 2. Proton SC linac (1.5 GeV, 10 mA [15 MW]) in China-ADS program.
• If China-ADS program goes well, the linac could be used as the proton
 2.1 Introduction
 driver for MOMENT in 2030ʼs.
 The proton driver is a CW superconducting linac with a beam power of 15 MW, and
 the beam energy is still in optimization with
 25a range of 1.5-2.5 GeV depending on the

Proton Decay
• We love proton decay to prove GUT.
 Cosmic Surveys: Scenario A
 • 2018: DES finds hint of large neutrino mass sum
 • 2020: Stage 3 CMB experiments find hint of B-modes
 • 2023: Neutrino-less double-beta decay detected à Majorana neutrinos
 • 2025: CMB-S4, DESI/LSST/Euclid measure neutrino masses to 6-sigma
 • Neutrino mass structure à See-saw scale of 1015 GeV
 • 2026: LSST/DESI/Euclid find hint of primordial non-gaussianity (PNG)
 2028: CMB-S4 confirms r=0.05 at 20-sigma à Inflation scale at 1016 GeV
 • 2035: DUNE/Hyper-K discovers proton decay
 • 2045: 21 cm experiments detect vast range of types of PNG, constraining
 effective Lagrangian that drove inflation

 Full GUT with confirmed predictions for
 inflation, neutrinos, and proton decay
 ICHEP 2016 -- I. Shipsey

 26 I. Shipsey @ ICHEP2016

Summary
• Before 2020, we expect many exciting results.
• Between 2020 and 2030, the next (third) generation
 neutrino experiments will launch for discovery.
 • We are in the good position to find the new phenomena.
 Letʼs keep looking for the new with neutrinos.
• After 2030, new idea and new technology are welcome to
 advance neutrino science.
 • Shall we solve the most of problems that we have today?
 • Neutrino CP, Majorana neutrino, sterile neutrinos, matter
 dominant universe, dark matter, dark energy, GUT, etc..

 27