State of the NFT Market - Research Report: HKIBFA
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// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 Table of Contents 2 Introduction 3 Executive Summary 4 The NFT Market By the Numbers Global Sales Volume Buyers and Sellers 6 Blockchains and NFTs Top NFT blockchains by NFT sales volume 8 The Rise and Rise of NFTs | Interview with Charles d’Haussy 10 NFT Avatars — A New Identity 11 Trends Driving NFTs Growth 12 Trends Within the Trend | Interview: Helen Hai 13 Asia Primed for NFT Growth Southeast Asia China Japan South Korea 17 Getting Creative | Interview with Audrey Ou 18 Metaverse Set to Boost NFTs 19 The Metaverse Conquest | Interview: Sébastien Borget The Boost from Blockchain Gaming Collaterals, Vaccine Certificates and Other Use Cases 23 NFTs Behind the Pictures | Interview: Reeve Collins Virtual Real Estate A New Way to Raise Funds 25 NFT Marketplace Competition Heats Up 26 NFT Marketplace Rivals’ Arrival | Interview: Zach Burks 27 New Investors and Investments 28 NFT Hacks and Scams 29 Regulations on the Radar 30 Decoupling of NFTs from Cryptocurrencies 31 Challenges to Address Image credit: Unsplash 1
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 Introduction In March 2021, a non-fungible token Ironically, the rise of these Ethereum (NFT) in the form of artist Beeple’s “killers” has helped the smart digital collage sold for US$69 contracts leader by decongesting million at a Christie’s auction. It the network and lowering created a buzz among retail and transaction fees to affordable levels. professional investors who began to take a serious look at this new As the NFT industry enters 2022, revenue stream for digital artists. the marketplace is being transformed in multiple areas from Around the same time, Dapper the rise of alternative blockchains, Labs’ NBA Top Shot reached the entry of new buyers and sellers, record volumes in its collectibles new use cases, a surge in funding series comprising NFTs of National from investors, demand for better Basketball Association highlight policing and the threat of increased clips. In February 2021 alone, NBA scrutiny by regulators concerned Top Shot moments generated about about fraud and money laundering US$230 million in gross sales with as well as tax evasion. the rarest NFTs fetching hundreds of thousands of dollars. The NFT business is expected to continue its growth in 2022, but NBA Top Shot and Beeple kicked it will be a bumpy ride with many off an NFT boom in 2021. Popular potholes ahead. projects emerged to congest the Ethereum network, much like how “I feel like the bar will continuously Dapper Labs' CryptoKitties did in be raised by NFT enthusiasts 2018. deciding where they will deploy their fiat or crypto,” CryptoSlam Founder But unlike the Ethereum congestion and CEO Randy Wasinger said. “This of 2018 which had little long- will spur innovation, but many low- lasting impact, Ethereum’s market effort projects will fade away.” dominance is being challenged by alternative blockchains. Solana emerged as an alternative for users to mint and sell their NFT avatars without the exorbitant gas fees on Ethereum. Meanwhile, Ethereum sidechain Ronin essentially put food on the table for Covid-ravaged communities in the Philippines. Image credit: Unsplash 2
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 Executive Summary NFT sales amounted to US$18.5 Alternative blockchains optimized digital art and collectibles have found billion in 2021 — a 570-fold increase for gaming, digital art and other acceptance as stores of value that from 2020 as avatars and digital purposes are taking transactions can be monetized when needed. art gained in popularity and away from Ethereum, decongesting organizations such as the NBA the network and making it easier for Helen Hai, head of NFT and fan issued NFT collections that attracted people to get onboard. token at Binance, believes traditional an overwhelming response, data markets such as music, ticketing and from NFT industry data aggregator Facebook’s move to change its entertainment will look to NFTs as CryptoSlam showed. corporate name to Meta in October a means of increasing revenue and 2021 increased public interest in improving customer experience. With sales holding above US$2.5 the metaverse and the related billion in recent months and reaching technologies. Of particular interest is revenue as high as US$4.5 billion in January participation via smart contracts 2022, the market for new NFTs will New use case for NFTs have also that involve all parts of a value chain, likely surpass US$30 billion this year. emerged, which will help grow the benefitting composers, artists, “There’s over 3 million people on market in coming years. musicians, producers and even Coinbase’s waiting list so if the collectors. But while there are many NFTs are becoming prime uses for identities opportunities in the NFT space, the in the form of avatars. Much like passports industry needs to address concerns about speculative bubbles as well connect individuals to a country, avatars as the negative impact on the represent memberships in communities such environment. as the Bored Ape Yacht Club and Azuki. CryptoSlam’s Calpu believes the NFT industry will be able to address the various concerns and realize number of NFTs collectors doubles For instance, several universities and its potential. or triples this year we could see a governments have started issuing steady rise of at least 50-75% of the NFTs to counter fraud and forgery, “There will be challenges, including current volumes,” CryptoSlam Chief while experts have proposed using scams, fakes, forgeries, and of course Marketing Officer Yohann Calpu NFTs as vaccine certifications. bubbles. But at the end of the day, predicts. NFTs are facilitating human needs for In Japan, banking giant Mitsubishi ownership, belonging and uniqueness Several developments will help drive UFJ Financial Group has introduced and that is not going away,” he said. the growth of NFTs from niche to a utility token to replace physical mainstream in coming years. coupons and cards. MUFG’s NFT provides discounts and other benefits NFTs are becoming prime uses for to shareholders and can be used to identities in the form of avatars. Much support customers. like passports connect individuals to a country, avatars represent Some companies have begun memberships in communities such as accepting NFTs as collateral for loans the Bored Ape Yacht Club and Azuki. and derivatives deals, indicating that 3
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 The NFT Market By the Numbers Global Sales Volume NFT sales amounted to US$18.5 the market for new NFTs will likely have failed to provide investors billion in 2021—a 570-fold increase grow to at least US$30 billion this with shelter as total market from 2020 as the record bid for year. CryptoSlam has projected 2022 capitalization fell below US$2 Beeple’s digital collage and the sales volume to rise by at least 50% trillion in January 2022, the lowest strong reception for NBA Top Shot to 70%, considering the expected level since September 2021. attracted new collectors and boosted 200% to 300% growth in the number prices, data from NFT industry data of buyers. According to CryptoSlam, NFT aggregator CryptoSlam showed. sales totaled US$4.5 billion in The growing interest in NFTs January 2022, just below the Companies from Gucci and Ray-Ban contrasts with other financial market’s all-time high of US$4.9 to McDonald’s and Coca Cola also markets which have undergone a billion set in August 2021. began to offer NFTs. roller coaster ride as central banks prepare to raise interest rates as Monthly NFT sales crossed the With monthly sales holding above inflation hit multi-decades highs. US$1 billion mark in July 2021 US$2.5 billion in recent months and have not looked back since. and reaching as high as US$4.5 Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies, billion (data as of February 2022), long touted as the safe haven hedges, US$666.12 US$4.48 billion 923,400 Average Sale NFT Sales Total Unique Buyers January 2022 January 2022 6,730,843 768,932 Total Transactions Unique Sellers of NFTs in January January 2022 4
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 Image credit: Unsplash Buyers and Sellers CryptoSlam data shows there were that 85% of all NFT transactions 759,145 unique sellers of NFTs in were conducted by the top 10% January 2022, up from 27,963 in of traders.1 From the lookout: January 2021 and just slightly less NFTs are often associated than the market’s all-time high of While “whales”, or investors with with digital art and 791,631 in November 2021. substantial portfolios, will likely collectibles but new uses continue driving impressive sales are emerging. The number of unique buyers in the industry, the rise in the number reached a new record monthly high of unique buyers shows that the Axie Infinity is one of the of 910,611, up from 29,581 in January NFT-curious are warming up to this first blockchain games to 2021. Buyers on the Ethereum novel asset class. give us a glimpse into NFTs’ blockchain alone hit a milestone of potential, having accounted one million, the highest number Coinbase’s soon-to-be-launched NFT for 59% of all NFT sales in since the metric began to be tracked marketplace already had more than July 2021 when sales crossed in 2017. 3.7 million people on its waitlist at US$1 billion for the first time. the time of writing. Coinbase has Although the diversity of buyers and partnered with Mastercard so any Apes and pixel art are cool, sellers has increased, value remains cardholder can buy an NFT without but there’s much more to concentrated in the hands of just a the need to use cryptocurrency, NFTs than meets the eye. few traders and investors. A recent removing one of the current pain- study published by Nature revealed points involved in buying NFTs. 1 Mapping the NFT revolution: market trends, trade networks, and visual features. https://www. nature.com/articles/s41598-021-00053-8.pdf 5
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 From the lookout: Blockchains Two blockchains had a strong February 2022 even as overall NFT sales fell to US$2.9 billion and NFTs from January’s US$4.5 billion. BSC, now rebranded as BNB Chain, had an abysmal start The world's first NFT dates back however, is a sidechain of Ethereum. to 2022, but has redeemed to 2014, when New York artist Ronin still uses Ethereum technology itself in February by recording Kevin McCoy's animation known as while unloading transactions to its US$1.13 million in February Quantum was originally minted on own blockchain which runs parallel NFT sales, its best-performing Namecoin, a blockchain forked from to the latter. month ever. Bitcoin. Quantum eventually sold for US$1.47 million at a Sotheby’s Axie Infinity developer Sky Mavis Avalanche conducted over auction in June 2021, but its host built Ronin after seeing Ethereum’s US$70 million in sales to blockchain is buried deep in the limitations, which have became smash its previous record of history of NFTs, rarely visited by more apparent due to high network US$57 million that was set today’s collectors. congestion as decentralized finance in January. It has also grown (DeFi) and NFTs surged in popularity. to become the world’s fourth Ethereum is today’s most dominant Ronin’s birth was also a signal largest DeFi chain. blockchain for most smart contract for competing smart contracts Avalanche needs to be on applications, and NFTs are no blockchains to take a bite out of everyone’s radar this year. exception. The Ethereum blockchain, Ethereum’s dominance. fueled by its NFT standard ERC-721, has handled over 72% of all NFT Solana is one of those competing sales to date. A combination of high blockchains, having risen to transaction fees and questions over prominence in August 2021 when Ethereum’s carbon footprint1 has, it launched Wormhole, Solana’s however, opened the door to a number bridge to other DeFi ecosystems. of newer blockchains offering Due to its cheaper and faster cheaper and more environmentally- transactions, Solana has become friendly alternatives. a popular alternative for NFT collectors and game developers. The number of buyers on Solana is As of end-February 2022, Ethereum had currently less than 25% topped a million unique buyers which is second of Ethereum’s. only to Ronin, the blockchain where the US$4 With more blockchains entering the billion play-to-earn powerhouse Axie Infinity conversation, Ethereum’s dominance is no longer uniform across the lives with its 1.6 million buyers. statistical board. For example, Ethereum ranks third in terms of sellers As of end-February 2022, Ethereum with 580,000, behind Ronin’s 1.16 has topped a million unique buyers million and WAX’s 985,000. Both seller- which is second only to Ronin, the leaders benefit from high transaction blockchain where the US$4 billion numbers in blockchain games. play-to-earn powerhouse Axie Infinity lives with its 1.6 million buyers. Ronin, 1 The Climate Controversy Swirling Around Nfts. https://www.theverge.com/2021/3/15/22328203/ nft-cryptoart-ethereum-blockchain-climate-change 6
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 Top NFT blockchains by NFT sales volume Ethereum Ronin Solana Ethereum, nicknamed “world Ronin is an Ethereum sidechain Solana is a public blockchain computer”, is the world’s home to play-to-earn superstar that emerged as a popular most popular blockchain for Axie Infinity. It is a blockchain alternative for DeFi and NFT smart contract applications. optimized for gaming applications when Ethereum It has the highest amount developed by Axie Infinity congestion peaked. Its fast of value locked in DeFi, and developer Sky Mavis to transaction speeds and low the highest sales volume avoid Ethereum congestion. fees attract investors from less for NFTs. developed nations, and is often on the top of the list for game developers. Launched Launched Launched July 2015 August 2021 March 2020 Cryptocurrency Cryptocurrency Cryptocurrency ETH RON SOL 2022 NFT Sales Volume 2022 NFT Sales Volume 2022 NFT Sales Volume US$6.390 billion US$209.1 million US$350.4 million Source: CryptoSlam, March 1, 2022 Image credit: Unsplash 7
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 Interview The Rise and Rise of NFTs this is Axie Infinity, a blockchain game Growth drivers of that allows users to earn an income the NFT ecosystem through NFTs and cryptocurrencies. Charles d’Haussy In the Philippines, Axie Infinity players Managing Director, The growing popularity of NFTs is can make more than what they used Asia-Pacific, ConsenSys stunning, having risen from several to earn from their regular jobs in pre- hundred million dollars in sales pandemic days. when the market first started to around US$20 billion in 2021. We The demand for its capability outstrips believe the exponential growth seen Ethereum and other the supply of computation, and so around the world can be explained blockchains in the new chains like Polygon bridge into by the product-market fit: NFTs have NFT space Ethereum and support additional effectively provided a bridge for use cases at lower cost and higher millions of mainstream users Ethereum is by far the most relevant throughput in reliance on the to begin converting to Web 3.0 blockchain in the world — for NFTs, Ethereum decentralization guarantees. through a new asset class that is for developers, for decentralized Chains like Solana specialize in DeFi digital collectibles. finance (DeFi) and beyond. Ethereum use cases and should be additive to and Ethereum-compatible chains the Web 3.0 ecosystem. All of this is We believe there are a few main make up around 80% of total NFT co-evolving as the infrastructure is drivers of this growth, the first sales. Additionally, Ethereum has upgraded on the way to Ethereum 2.0 having to do with appealing to a over 300,000 developers, more than and multi-chain integration. The entire digitally-native generation. NFTs any other blockchain developer sector is expanding so fast that we bridge many gaps between the community globally. Ethereum settles are all going to make it. traditional and new worlds — 12 times more transactions than physical and digital, mainstream PayPal does daily. Key NFT projects and crypto — because everyone can resonate with collectibles in the Regarding the growth of other and collections niche they care about. NFTs have blockchains, we believe we’re moving proven to be the first crypto use The projects and collections that have toward an increasingly interoperable case to truly attract mainstream caught our attention span across a world. We believe that there will be audiences into the crypto and few specific categories, including: many computational blockchains digital world. Popular “cult” crypto collections. because they will form the backbone There are a number of virally popular of Web 3.0. However, not all will The second driver of growth crypto NFT collectible projects play an equal role, as there’s a is economics and speculation. such as the Bored Ape Yacht Club distinction between technology, NFT collecting and trading have and CryptoPunks, which each have adoption and community. become more than a hobby for some 10,000 uniquely generated many dealers of NFTs. In fact, the characters. No two NFTs are exactly Ethereum is the first and primary advent of play-to-earn gaming has alike, and each one of them can be blockchain for running software, introduced a way for many people officially owned by a single person on and the idea is revolutionary. It has in impoverished nations to make a the Ethereum blockchain. There are ushered in DeFi, the creative industries living after having lost their jobs due several others that are in this category with NFTs and now new organizational to the pandemic. One example of of “club” avatars, and new ones are structures and gaming collectives. continuously launching every day. 8
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 The possibilities for these types both in the Web 2.0 world and the more decentralization. Proof of of collections are endless, as they blockchain world. One example stake reduces the technical represent more than a digital is Axie Infinity, which is now the barriers for anyone to stake and collectible. They represent an top ranking NFT collectibles of all secure the network. access pass, a representation of time, according to numerous NFT one’s identity and a social “flex.” analytics sites, with more protocol More secure: The ability to People use these avatars as their revenue than Bitcoin and Ethereum. compromise the network will be social media profile pictures. magnitudes more expensive with People use these avatars to feel There are endless possibilities for proof of stake, not to mention like part of a club. “Members” the world of NFTs, and multiple that a 51% attacker is identifiable of these clubs actually support projects have delivered incredible with validator addresses and can each other and follow each other. utility for their communities. be forked away from the network Membership in these clubs, in the event of an attack. represented by ownership of these tokens, is exclusive and Environmental and The NFT industry is also empowering actually offers real value and security backlash green futures with layer-2 adds to one’s digital identity. technologies that are environmentally With respect to environmental and fiscally sustainable, with lower Fan engagement: NBA Top Shot concerns, there will be a major carbon footprints and inexpensive made almost US$1 billion in historic upgrade on Ethereum called “the transactions. sales through their video NFTs that Merge” (part of the Ethereum capture sports moments. 2.0 upgrade), which will address the high usage of energy. Digital artwork: the digital artist Merge is the transition of the Beeple secured US$69 million at a Ethereum blockchain to a more Christie’s auction and continues to environmentally friendly method produce daily artwork for his fans. of confirming transactions and There are a lot of other examples data on the blockchain called within digital art … including proof of stake. generative art. Rights and royalties: Treum has Membership in these clubs, represented by pioneered music rights and royalties through their EulerBeats ownership of these tokens, is exclusive and project, which produces unique, actually offers real value and adds to one’s generative songs, (and) which distributes royalties in perpetuity digital identity. to the original owners. Brand engagement: Multiple Proof of stake (PoS) will be: brands are exploring opportunities using NFTs to galvanize their Substantially more sustainable: brand engagement and loyalty Tackling global concerns around platforms. These include the crypto’s environment impact. It is world’s major cosmetics companies, 99.95% more energy-efficient. If the largest intellectual property you estimate the energy use of one owners, entertainment companies proof of stake validator to be 50W and beyond. daily, which is a high estimate, that’s about the same as streaming less Gaming: gaming has long been than four minutes of Netflix. known to be a great use case for NFTs and there are multiple More decentralized, in line with examples of blockchain in gaming blockchain essence: More validators, 9
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 NFT Avatars — A New Identity NFT avatars are digital portraits, Big brands have already started From the lookout: often illustrating animated or to connect digital and physical pixelated characters. Avatars are properties. For one, Adidas has When 10,000 CryptoPunks algorithmically generated to give partnered with Bored Ape Yacht Club were first minted by creator each NFT unique identifiable traits, for its upcoming collection of NFTs Larva Labs in 2017, it came such as a particular hairstyle, titled Into the Metaverse. Owners with a bug in its source code mustache, glasses or even laser eyes of these NFTs will gain access to that allowed buyers to instantly — a social trend Bitcoiners cite to four exclusive physical products withdraw the Ether used in the support the cryptocurrency’s climb at no additional cost. The popular purchase, essentially claiming to US$100,000. ownership of the NFT and the funds that were supposed to Nine of the top 10 NFT collections by sales be in the sellers’ wallets. volume were avatars in February 2022, up Larva Labs airdropped the from January’s eight in 10. same copies of CryptoPunks to owners with a bug fix. In many instances, the ownership of sportswear brand also said its This version, CryptoPunks these avatars represent community upcoming lineup of physical apparel V2, eventually became the membership. Bored Ape Yacht Club would complement virtual wearables recognizable pixelated is one of the most successful NFT in the form of NFTs. collection we know today. avatar collections in the world, charming world-famous stars such With the pandemic accelerating This classic collection made as two-time NBA Most Valuable digital transformation, the metaverse a comeback, also with a bug Player (MVP) Stephen Curry and may be transitioning from sci-fi fix. Users started trading rap icon Eminem into its prestigious luxury into a future necessity. wrapped versions of these community. In February 2022, the CryptoPunks V1 in popular average price for a single Bored Ape Questions about the future include NFT marketplaces, including was US$319,947, or 110 ETH. how our digital counterparts will OpenSea, the world’s largest. look in the metaverse and how that The circulation of V1 is Nine of the top 10 NFT collections version can maintain a person’s challenging the one-of-a-kind by sales volume were avatars in uniqueness. So far, NFT avatars feature of February’s fourth- February 2022, up from January’s present a reasonable option. highest selling NFT collection, eight in 10. Azuki, an anime inspired CryptoPunks. NFT collection that provides owners access to The Garden metaverse, Larva Labs disowned the dethroned January champion V1 collection and issued a Bored Ape Yacht Club by selling DMCA notice for OpenSea to US$148 million from its collection. delist the collection. The V1 In this metaverse, Azuki NFT avatars community has fought back, become their owners’ identity filing a counter-DMCA notice. to interact with the community. Larva Labs has since sold the IP rights to BAYC creator The rise of the metaverse Yuga Labs who intends to may be the catalyst to shift transfer IP rights to the token mainstream perception of NFTs holders. The future of V1 has from simple pictures to unique not yet been determined. assets that represent ownership Image credit: Yuga Labs in the digital realm. 10
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 Trends Driving NFTs Growth Avatars accounted for most of the products made specifically for the director, Asia-Pacific, ConsenSys; growth in the NFT space in 2021, NFT ecosystem are expected to grow Helen Hai, head of NFT and fan but diverse use cases are starting to this year. token at Binance; and Audrey Ou, co- emerge. founder and CEO of NFT art platform Such developments were discussed TRLab. Condensed versions of these More niche products are also in detail during interviews with interviews are found in this report. emerging, including fractionalized Charles d’Haussy, managing property ownership, and DeFi Bored Ape Mutant Ape Azuki Meebits CryptoPunks Yacht Club Yacht Club 10,000 10,000 Bored Up to 20,000 10,000 manga- 20,000 unique uniquely Ape NFTs Mutant Apes style avatars; 3D voxel generated programmatically NFTs (spin-off Azuki aims to characters, characters; one What is it? generated from from Bored be identities Snoop Dogg is of the earliest over 170 possible Ape Yacht for The Garden a high profile examples of traits Club) metaverse owner NFTs Launched April 2021 August 2021 January 2022 May 2021 June 2017 date Blockchain Ethereum Ethereum Ethereum Ethereum Ethereum Created by Yuga Labs Yuga Labs Chiru Labs Larva Labs Larva Labs 2022 Sales US$421.3 US$343.3 US$367.4 US$48.6 US$216.1 Volume million million million million million BAYC: MAYC: Azuki: Meebits: CryptoPunks: Floor price 97 ETH 21.8 ETH 12 ETH 6.1 ETH 71.94 ETH Discord 146,620 146,620 87,895 54,453 54,453 Community Data taken March 1, 2022. Source: CryptoSlam, 2022 sales volume refers to estimates for January and February Images: opensea.io, azuki.com/gallery, meebits.larvalabs.com, larvalabs.com/cryptopunks 11
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 Interview Trends Within the Trend What major use Trend 3: Disruption of traditional Helen Hai cases or trends will markets such as music, ticketing and entertainment, etc. We Head of NFT and fan token we see in the NFT Binance will see new NFT models with space in 2022? the potential to disrupt these industries. One possibility is the Trend 1: Mass Adoption. Currently, emergence of a class of NFTs that we estimate there are around 1 allow revenue participation via million unique wallets globally smart contracts, rewarding every that have been used to buy, sell person in the value chain including or hold NFTs. We believe this composers, artists, musicians, number will rise sharply as more producers and collectors/whales. companies and developers create NFTs to engage fans, art lovers Trend 4: Dynamic NFTs and the and attract other new users. The integration of real-world events. trend of creating or buying NFT NFTs started as static images avatars for use as profile pictures but have evolved to incorporate will continue to grow as well. different features. In 2022, we will see further integration of Trend 2: GameFi. Traditional real-world information such as free-to-play developers will jump weather and stock data into NFTs. on the bandwagon of blockchain Basically, any real-world data games, NFTs and play-to-earn by can flow into NFTs and cause the end of 2022. This game genre the NFT to evolve. will no longer be driven solely by crypto native developers. Disruption of traditional markets such as music, ticketing and entertainment, etc. We will see new NFT models with the potential to disrupt these industries. 12
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 Asia Primed for NFT Growth Asia looks set to become the next the more popular search term, David Gan, a founder and general big market for NFTs, with some with Hong Kong internet users partner at OP Crypto, a venture experts predicting the region may searching for "NFT" at 60% versus capital firm that supports early-stage surpass the West as early as this year. 40% for "crypto" in a comparison startups in the digital asset economy, of the two terms, according to said there was a shift under way from Global Google search interest for March data from Google. West to East in the NFT market. He the term “NFT” surged past “crypto” cited several “notable” NFT projects in January, with the search engine’s Mainland China’s search behavior with a strong Asian influence, data showing growth originating in appears almost identical to Hong including PhantaBears, Capsule the East. Kong’s, although this is difficult House and Azuki. to verify due to China’s internet Data from Taiwan, Japan and restrictions which include a ban South Korea show NFTs are by far on Google. the highest proportion of NFT and has a trade volume of 396 ETH owners in 2021, with 32% of adults (US$1.12 million). admitting to owning at least one. Southeast This comes as no surprise as Axie Bali, Indonesia’s top tourist destination, is also becoming a Asia Infinity became a source of income for the country when Covid-19 was crypto hub. The nation’s largest crypto exchange, Tokocrypto, ■ Total online population: 440 at its peak. A new economy recently launched T-Hub, a physical million1 blossomed around the NFT game, retreat for Asia’s crypto community. ■ Strong Google search interest with players known as “scholarship Bali has its own physical NFT in NFTs providers” renting out Axies to gallery, the Superlative Gallery, ■ Epicenter of Axie Infinity’s play- those who could not afford the which opened its doors to visitors to-earn boom initial set of NFTs needed to join in January. ■ Regulatory stance varies the economy. depending on country With a physical crypto zone, an NFT Thailand came in second among gallery, friendly visas and a local Southeast Asia boasts some of the Southeast Asian countries, the social media superstar, Indonesia is highest rates of NFT ownership Finder.com survey found, with a sleeping giant in the NFT scene. globally, aided in part by the 27% of correspondents classifying popularity of play-to-earn games themselves as NFT owners. Regulations in other parts of such as Axie Infinity. MetaMask, a Southeast Asia are, however, soft wallet of 21 million users, said Indonesia, the most populous less favorable. Singapore has the Philippines is its single biggest Southeast Asian country, looks tough restrictions on crypto- market with Vietnam in third place. particularly promising. In December related advertising, while the 2021, a 22-year-old college student, Thai Securities and Exchange A Finder.com2 study supports Sultan Gustaf Al Ghozali, uploaded Commission has banned digital MetaMask’s numbers. Among around 933 selfies of himself taken asset exchanges from providing 28,000 people surveyed across over the course of five years. The services related to certain crypto- 20 nations, the Philippines had collection now has 509 owners related products including NFTs. 1 https://blog.google/around-the-globe/google-asia/sea-digital-decade/ 2 NFT statistics 2021. https://www.finder.com/za/nft-statistics 13
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 China prevent NFT owners from From the lookout: flipping their products. Singapore and Hong Kong ■ Total online population: 1.032 For example, Alibaba has a 180- were once touted as crypto billion1 day lock period before NFTs can hubs, but the two Asian financial centers are being ■ Strong Google search interest be transferred to other users for sidelined due to unfavorable in NFTs the first time. The receiver of regulations on crypto trading. these NFTs must then hold on to ■ NFTs are not banned but these tokens for an additional state media has issued It is unclear whether the two years before they can be warnings against speculation tough stance on retail crypto transferred again. will affect the growth of ■ NFTs are referred to as “digital collectibles” and The half-year lock hasn’t curbed NFTs, although the Monetary there are trading restrictions speculation. In February 2022, Authority of Singapore has for such products state-backed broadcaster CCTV stated that there are no plans to regulate NFTs as of now. released 34,000 collectibles NFTs are popular in China, on Tencent’s and Alibaba’s NFT The central bank has moved but the market may develop market at 29.9 yuan (US$4.72) to tax them instead. differently compared to the rest each. These collectibles soon of the world due to restrictions appeared on online resale Hong Kong, meanwhile, imposed by the state. markets,4 trading at least 10 has become a popular NFT hub, with regular physical times their original prices. China, once one of the world’s gatherings, galleries and local largest markets for crypto- Just weeks prior, demand for artists embracing the new currencies, banned crypto NFT- like digital collectibles source of income, at least transactions2 in 2021. The issued by Chinese state-backed when the pandemic permits. government is, however, media outlet Shanghai Securities watching the industry closely News surged on China’s biggest Despite the difficulty in and state media have warned resale market, Alibaba’s Xianyu. accessing crypto, Asia’s two against the speculative financial centers may yet ride behaviors surrounding NFTs.3 AntGroup’s NFT5 arm, which the NFT wave. is part of the Alibaba group, To abide by government has since frozen the accounts warnings, Chinese tech related to the resale of digital giants, including Alibaba, have collectibles. rebranded NFTs as “digital collectibles” which can only be Beijing is building its own purchased using fiat currency. version of NFTs on the state- The tech giants have also backed Blockchain-based imposed lock-in periods to Service Network6 (BSN). In a semantic effort to distance 1 China has 1.032 billion internet users, 73.0% penetration rate. https://www.globaltimes. cn/page/202202/1253226.shtml 2 Industry players scramble, evaluate options as China bans all crypto transactions. https:// forkast.news/industry-scramble-china-bans-crypto-transactions/ 3 Another Chinese state-run media outlet faults NFT frenzy. https://forkast.news/head- lines/another-chinese-state-run-media-outlet-faults-nft-hype/ 4 CCTV NFTs hit resale market before transfer permitted. https://forkast.news/headlines/ cctv-nft-hits-resale-market-transfer/ 5 Ant Group’s NFT arm punishes users for digital collectible resales. https://forkast.news/ headlines/ant-group-nft-digital-collectible-resales/ 6 Year in review: Top China blockchain news in 2021. https://forkast.news/year-in-review- top-china-blockchain-news-in-2021/ 14
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 them1 from NFTs traded for crypto or DDCs. This network on blockchains outside China, the will support China’s national Chinese NFTs have been named currency,2 the yuan. “distributed digital certificates” 1 Crypto market suffers mauling as bears go berserk. https://forkast.news/crypto-market-suf- fers-mauling-as-bears-go-berserk/ 2 China to launch own NFT infrastructure by end Jan, BSN confirms. https://forkast.news/head- lines/china-launch-own-nft-infrastructure-bsn/ Image credit: Yuga Labs Japan numerous other cult characters with massive followings. giant Sega, creator of Sonic the Hedgehog and Mortal Kombat, reevaluate its NFT plans. This ■ Total online population: 117.4 The country’s NFT market may also followed criticism about its carbon million develop along a different path, with footprint and talk that Sega’s plans ■ Low NFT ownership despite the government prioritizing NFT- were little more than a money grab. tech-savvy population related use cases other than virtual ■ Government seeking to develop collectibles. The country, however, remains a new use cases for NFTs pioneer in NFT technologies. For According to Finder.com, just 2% of instance, Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Japan is home to many innovative adult internet users own NFTs. Group (MUFG) is leading the way tech and crypto firms, and there is with its MUFG utility token, a form strong interest in crypto trading. The growth of Japan’s NFT market of NFTs that replaces physical But NFT ownership is surprisingly may also slow during 2022 amid coupons and cards, and represents low in the land of Hello Kitty and a backlash that has seen gaming access to shareholder rewards. South Tech-savvy South Korea is a hotbed of innovation in the digital At least two South Korean universities have started issuing Korea space, with the government, educational institutes and NFTs as graduation certificates, riding the NFT wave while coming companies leading the way in up with a novel way to guard ■ Total online population: 49.75 exploring new use cases for NFTs. against forgery and alteration. million ■ Strong Google search interest Candidates for the March 2022 The biggest contribution to in NFTs NFTs, though, is coming from presidential election have ■ Government and firms investing the country’s world-famous identified crypto-friendly stances heavily in the metaverse K-pop industry and its tech as key strategies to attract conglomerates. ■ Entertainment groups younger voters. South Korean incorporating NFTs into their President-elect Yoon Suk-yeol HYBE, the company behind K-pop products issued NFTs featuring videos boy band BTS, has teamed up with and images of himself during his blockchain company Dunamu to campaign. 15
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 develop an NFT business1 to sell YG Entertainment — K-pop girl South Korean companies are BTS content in the form of digital group Blackpink’s agency3 — also global leaders in smart TV, assets. has climbed aboard the NFT with Samsung and LG together bandwagon, partnering with controlling around 50% of the Cube Entertainment,2 another cryptocurrency exchange Binance, global market.4 Samsung and LG major K-pop entertainment agency, which will provide the NFT platform revealed at the 2022 Consumer has partnered with Animoca and technology support. Binance Electronics Show that their new Brands on an NFT joint venture to has also partnered with SM line of smart TVs will let viewers build a music metaverse. Entertainment on NFT projects. access NFT marketplaces directly from their living rooms. These moves have, however, met South Korea’s advance in the NFT resistance among K-pop fans space is supported by the country’s Not all NFTs are permitted in South concerned about the NFTs’ carbon large virtual reality market, which Korea, with blockchain-based play- footprint. the nation’s science ministry to-earn games among those that predicts will be worth over US$2.5 have been banned.5 The K-pop companies have billion by 2024. nevertheless pressed ahead. 1 K-pop sensation BTS gets ready to sell NFTs, as label looks to cash in on loyal A.R.M.Y fanbase. https://forkast.news/k-pop-sensation-bts-nfts- label-army-fanbase/ 2 Animoca Brands dreams big with K-pop agency Cube to build metaverse and NFTs. https://forkast.news/headlines/animoca-brands-kpop- cube-metaverse-nfts/ 3 Binance, BLACKPINK’s K-pop agency to develop NFTs, other projects. https://forkast.news/headlines/binance-blackpink-kpop-nfts-projects 4 LG to follow Samsung adding NFT features to flagship TVs. https://forkast.news/lg-samsung-nft-tv-line/ 5 Popular NFT games made in South Korea, and banned in South Korea. https://forkast.news/south-korea-nft-play-to-earn-games-still-banned/ Image credit: Unsplash 16
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 Interview Getting Creative Traditional art and In 2022, I predict that luxury brands, art institutions, musicians and other NFTs creators will experiment with NFTs on a much larger scale than in 2021. Art collectors have become much more interested in NFTs over the past Audrey Ou year. Crypto-native NFT projects, like Copyright conundrums Co-founder and CEO profile photos, are opening an entirely NFT art platform TR Lab Many issues remained unresolved new market to art fans. in terms of copyright and copyright infringements. This isn’t something The ranks of mainstream art TRLab deals with closely, because collectors are also expanding, since many young NFT collectors go on to we work with artists directly and Outlook for 2022 don’t offer user-generated works explore other forms of art, including on our platform. This year, I see NFTs as a blank slate physical art. for exploration. What we believe to Authenticity and legitimacy are be the boundaries of NFT art will be NFTs as a bridge incredibly important to all artists, pushed and broken by creators. With and issues around ownership developments such as Coinbase’s between the physical continue to swirl in the NFT space. NFT marketplace, more people will and the virtual One example is the controversy raised become more familiar with NFTs, around an NFT sale planned by Pablo adding to the ranks of NFT buyers. There’s still a big gap between the Picasso’s granddaughter and great- traditional and digital art worlds, grandson: Marina Picasso and her The NFT art market is still in its but I believe the gap will narrow as son Florian. The collection was not infancy, and this is no time to proclaim new NFTs pull in new buyers from previously authorized by the Picasso or accept a one-size-fits-all position the physical market. NFTs are the Administration, and therefore would on how to produce, launch, sell or gateway to crypto, and what we’re be deemed counterfeit, a complex collect NFT art. Beyond art, I see seeing now is just the start. copyright issue that can’t be solved gaming and fashion as a big focus with blockchain technology alone. for NFTs this year. Image credit: Unsplash 17
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 Metaverse Set to Boost NFTs NFTs are widely expected1 to since Facebook said it was going gain increased popularity as all-in on virtual reality in October the metaverse becomes more 2021, even changing its corporate established, thanks to the name to Meta. technology’s ability to provide indisputable proof of ownership. Consulting company McKinsey & Company wrote in a report3 entitled Ownership of virtual real estate, “The State of Fashion 2022” that which involves the use of NFTs, digital assets such as NFTs, gaming has grown rapidly. In Decentraland, “skins” and virtual fashion will edge one of the most popular closer to the mainstream, with metaverses, property prices have popular brands expanding into the risen 400-500%2 in the months metaverse. 1 NFTs: The metaverse economy. https://www.ft.com/partnercontent/crypto-com/nfts-the- metaverse-economy.html 2 Investors are paying millions for virtual land in the metaverse. https://cnb.cx/3tn5fiC 3 The State of Fashion 2022. https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/retail/our%20 insights/state%20of%20fashion/2022/the-state-of-fashion-2022.pdf From the lookout: Microsoft’s HoloLens is also Facebook kickstarted big tech’s gaining in popularity despite recognition of the metaverse by its US$3,500 price tag. rebranding itself as Meta. The company’s Oculus 2, priced north The wild card is Apple, which of US$299, is already one of the has yet to make its VR/AR device most popular VR/AR headsets. If announcement. As Apple has his- all goes as planned, the upcoming torically evaded bulky designs, the Oculus 3 will propel VR/AR head- next generation of VR/AR devices sets into the mainstream with its will likely operate without having lower cost and improved features. to dock phones into headsets. Image credit: Unsplash 18
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 Interview The Metaverse Conquest The Sandbox metaverse is made up the real world where the process of 166,464 unique land NFTs, digital may take months or years. pieces of real estate, that players Sébastien Borget can own to publish their creations, Land owners also get access to a Chief operating officer and monetize their games or rent to other global audience, instantly, and are co-founder at The Sandbox creators. These lands will host a no longer limited by the laws of wide range of experiences, and their physics. The only limits are truly limited number makes The Sandbox your imagination. and jobs the metaverse is creating seem like a virtual Manhattan when it will transform how we’ll be working, comes to real estate valuation. Today, We believe that if you offer an even socializing, playing and earning. The Sandbox counts over 18,500 richer set of digital opportunities Brands like Adidas, Snoop Dogg, unique land owners and generates in a creators’ economy but remove The Walking Dead, deadmau5, Atari, a lifetime gross merchandise value barriers to entry — by offering free Rollercoaster Tycoon, Care Bears, (GMV) of US$380 million. tools that are intuitive, financial The Smurfs, Shaun the Sheep, support for creators to help them and Binance see the value in what One of the reasons that explains get started and no buy-in required we’re creating and have partnered the interest in virtual lands in The to start creating — a digital economy us to create voxelized versions of Sandbox is the possibilities they can spread even faster. That’s our their worlds and characters in the offer: Users can publish their own strategy with The Sandbox. metaverse. experiences and monetize them or just rent out the land to other builders. 2022 will certainly be an exciting A new generation of players and year for the industry as a whole, as consumers are interested in virtual In The Sandbox, players and creators many new blockchain-based games goods and brand experiences, and have full ownership of anything they with player-owned economies will that’s why partners like Snoop Dogg create or buy, and full authorship of be launched and bring on new are choosing The Sandbox as the any NFTs they create. Every creator audiences. We also expect further space to perform concerts, interact is free to share, trade or sell their innovations. with fans and establish themselves 3D creations while retaining full in the digital space. ownership and getting all the revenue. We see a transformation in the next You can bring your own NFTs to The 10 years. The economic opportunities Sandbox, even if they were created on another platform. Similarly, you can sell NFTs made in The Sandbox elsewhere if you want to. This concept has powerful appeal, but we expect competition from those who want to establish new walled gardens. Thanks to the accessibility of VoxEdit, our 3D Editor for modeling and animating content, and Game Maker, our #nocode tool, the possibilities are amplified as anyone can build content in a matter of hours or days, unlike in Image: https://www.sandbox.game/ 19
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 From the lookout: The Boost from Unbeknownst to those Blockchain Gaming outside the NFT space, there’s a mammoth The rise of blockchain play-to-earn NFTs are transforming gaming and blockchain game on the gaming1 has been a catalyst for are entering this arena. Microsoft horizon. the adoption of NFTs. According in January 2022 announced that it to games market analytics firm was buying gaming giant Activision Even before the launch of Newzoo2, the global games market Blizzard5 in a US$68.7 billion push Star Atlas, which promises will generate revenues of US$218.8 to grow its gaming business and cinema-quality graphics, billion in 2024. A third of the world’s position itself as a developer of investors are already pouring population are gamers and the metaverse platforms. millions of dollars Asia-Pacific region is the largest to purchase in-game NFT market for video gaming, Cryptocurrency platform Binance items. The unreleased according to Statista.3 Gamers in October 2021 launched its new game’s leaderboard shows are accustomed to interacting in Initial Game Offering arm to enable a player with US$4 million a virtual world with game assets investments in NFT gaming projects. worth of assets. This player’s such as skins or power-ups. Players Helen Hai, head of NFT and fan in-game faction’s assets are can potentially win tokens or NFTs token at Binance, predicts that with worth US$68 million dollars. and trade them or sell them on the rise of GameFi, traditional free- marketplaces for fiat money. to-play developers will go into The combined asset value of blockchain games. the three Star Atlas factions Gaming is seeing an increase in is currently over US$166 the use of NFTs.4 Popular NFT- “This game genre will not be driven million dollars — enough for based blockchain game Axie Infinity by crypto native developers anymore the game to be in the top 20 clocked more than US$126 million and we will see big developers and NFT collections even before in sales in January 2022 and is the publishers enter the space,” she said. the launch. top NFT collection by all-time sales volume, ahead of the avatar NFT As with collectibles, the shift to NFTs Star Atlas may become one collection CryptoPunks which had has faced pushback due to concerns of the most valuable games around about their carbon footprint, as of all time or it may fail half the sales. gaming giant Ubisoft found out in spectacularly because of all December 2021 when it launched the hype. Nevertheless, it will Businesses and game developers Ubisoft Quartz, an NFT platform on be an important milestone in have seen how blockchain and the Tezos blockchain. the history of NFTs. 1 Animoca CEO Yat Siu: Ownership economy ‘will be worth trillions’. https://forkast.news/atari-yat- siu-nft-gaming-blockchain-adoption 2 The Games Market and Beyond in 2021: The Year in Numbers. https://newzoo.com/insights/arti- cles/the-games-market-in-2021-the-year-in-numbers-esports-cloud-gaming/ 3 Number of active video gamers worldwide from 2015 to 2023. https://www.statista.com/statis- tics/748044/number-video-gamers-world/ 4 Gaming’s new tipping point into metaverse matters. https://forkast.news/gamings-new-tipping- point-and-why-metaverse-matters/ 5 Microsoft to acquire gaming giant Activision Blizzard in metaverse bid. https://forkast.news/ headlines/microsoft-acquire-activision-metaverse/ 20
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 Popular blockchain games Axie Infinity Farmers World Alien Worlds An NFT-based blockchain An NFT-based blockchain An NFT metaverse in which game in which players battle, game in which players can farm players compete using unique breed, collect, raise and NFTs, pick tools, breed animals, digital items (NFTs), earn build kingdoms for pet cultivate crops, buy land to build in-game currency Trilium and creatures called Axies farms and fight jungle monsters travel on missions Launched Launched Launched March 2018 August 2021 December 2020 Blockchain Blockchain Blockchain Ronin (previously on WAX Binance Smart Chain, Ethereum) Ethereum, WAX Created by Created by Created by Sky Mavis G. JIT Japan Dacoco 2022 Sales Volume 2022 Sales Volume 2022 Sales Volume US$209 million US$23.7 million US$2.7 million Source: CryptoSlam 2022 sales volume refer to estimates for January and February. 21
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 Collaterals, Vaccine Certificates and Other Use Cases The next 12 months will see an while NFTfi provides market making Although NFTs, for now, are mostly increase in NFT use cases beyond services for borrowers and lenders. images and short video clips, Hai gaming and collectibles. expects to see dynamic NFTs being Universities, governments and integrated with real-world data such One of the more novel shifts in institutions have already started as changes in the weather or stock NFT usage comes from DeFi. In issuing NFTs to counter fraud and prices. “Any real-world data can flow January 2022, digital asset trading forgery, while experts have proposed into NFTs and have an impact on the group Genesis started accepting using NFTs as vaccine certifications NFT itself,” she said. NFTs as collateral for loans and as well. derivatives deals, in a sign that Rachel Mayers, VP of product at digital art has found its way into Binance’s Hai believes traditional Circle, expects the use cases for the booming market for complex markets such as music, ticketing, NFTs to continue growing at a crypto financial products. entertainment will also look to NFTs. rapid pace. “Brands and creators Of particular interest is the possibility will reinforce loyalty community Drops.co provides a platform for retail of revenue participation via smart behavior by using NFTs… eventually, investors to secure instant loans on contracts that involve all parts of a everything will be an NFT.” NFT and Metaverse assets, value chain including composers, artists, musicians, producers and collectors. NFT Use Cases 22
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022 Interview NFTs Behind the Pictures 1. What are eco-friendly, decentralized HECO programmable NFTs? Chain blockchain. Reeve Collins Co-founder of BLOCKv, Programmable NFTs are completely Themed around the Chinese Year a platform for creating, customizable digital objects that of the Tiger, this specific release minting and distributing can be programmed to change their allows users to snap a picture programmable NFTs appearance and purpose over time, wearing a virtual tiger mask or add allowing for the creation of unique a New Year photo frame and mint objects and collectibles that can the moment into an NFT in seconds. transmittable objects could be change in response to future events. This NFT can then be shared with transformed. This technology friends and family across the globe. potentially holds the answer to Picture a massive multiplayer online solving enterprise problems like event role playing game like World Of We’re hoping that this is the sort of ticket fraud and the secure transfer Warcraft, where you can complete vibrant, cross-cultural experience of sensitive data, so in my view, your existing armor set by heading that will become more abundant this approach can and should most out into the real world and collecting in the world of blockchain, as the certainly be the future. a helmet dropped near your home, metaverse is ultimately about Pokémon Go-style. connecting people, regardless of 3. Do you see NFTs as physical location. Or, using the Super Bowl as an asset class in 2022? another example, consider a digital collectible released by your favorite 2. Are NFTs a fad I do, but then again I have been team mid-season that changes to or the future? stating that they would become a VIP playoff ticket if your team an entirely new asset class since qualifies! The digital nature of NFTs While I can’t definitively predict 2015, I’m very happy to see it allows us to build these kinds of how the future will unfold, NFTs finally coming to fruition! things, moving beyond the static, certainly have a huge amount unchanging nature of items in the of potential and a wide variety We have still only scratched the physical world and transcending of use cases that bring a ton of surface of what is possible with what was previously possible. value. Right now, of course, the these digital objects, and there is market is largely centered around still a tremendous number of use One recent initiative involved pairing digital art and collectibles, but the cases that have yet to be unlocked. the power of BLOCKv’s interactive power of blockchain technology The revolutionary and unique nature programmable NFTs with Huobi’s means that any number of digitally of NFTs denotes them as a unique form of asset that will continue to grow and expand as they become a This technology potentially holds the answer more integral part of our daily lives. to solving enterprise problems like event ticket fraud and the secure transfer of sensitive data, so in my view, this approach can and should most certainly be the future. 23
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