State of the NFT Market - Research Report: HKIBFA

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State of the NFT Market - Research Report: HKIBFA
Research Report:

State of the
NFT Market

               In partnership with CryptoSlam

                      Q1 2022
State of the NFT Market - Research Report: HKIBFA
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

                         Table of Contents
                          2 Introduction
                          3 Executive Summary
                          4 The NFT Market By the Numbers
                               Global Sales Volume
                                Buyers and Sellers
                          6 Blockchains and NFTs
                                Top NFT blockchains by NFT sales volume
                          8 The Rise and Rise of NFTs | Interview with Charles d’Haussy
                         10 NFT Avatars — A New Identity
                         11 Trends Driving NFTs Growth
                         12 Trends Within the Trend | Interview: Helen Hai
                         13 Asia Primed for NFT Growth
                               Southeast Asia
                               China
                               Japan
                               South Korea
                         17 Getting Creative | Interview with Audrey Ou
                         18 Metaverse Set to Boost NFTs
                         19 The Metaverse Conquest | Interview: Sébastien Borget
                                The Boost from Blockchain Gaming
                                 Collaterals, Vaccine Certificates and Other Use Cases
                         23 NFTs Behind the Pictures | Interview: Reeve Collins
                                Virtual Real Estate
                                A New Way to Raise Funds
                         25 NFT Marketplace Competition Heats Up
                         26 NFT Marketplace Rivals’ Arrival | Interview: Zach Burks
                         27 New Investors and Investments
                         28 NFT Hacks and Scams
                         29 Regulations on the Radar
                         30 Decoupling of NFTs from Cryptocurrencies
                         31 Challenges to Address

Image credit: Unsplash

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State of the NFT Market - Research Report: HKIBFA
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

Introduction
In March 2021, a non-fungible token                Ironically, the rise of these Ethereum
(NFT) in the form of artist Beeple’s               “killers” has helped the smart
digital collage sold for US$69                     contracts leader by decongesting
million at a Christie’s auction. It                the network and lowering
created a buzz among retail and                    transaction fees to affordable levels.
professional investors who began
to take a serious look at this new                 As the NFT industry enters 2022,
revenue stream for digital artists.                the marketplace is being
                                                   transformed in multiple areas from
Around the same time, Dapper                       the rise of alternative blockchains,
Labs’ NBA Top Shot reached                         the entry of new buyers and sellers,
record volumes in its collectibles                 new use cases, a surge in funding
series comprising NFTs of National                 from investors, demand for better
Basketball Association highlight                   policing and the threat of increased
clips. In February 2021 alone, NBA                 scrutiny by regulators concerned
Top Shot moments generated about                   about fraud and money laundering
US$230 million in gross sales with                 as well as tax evasion.
the rarest NFTs fetching hundreds
of thousands of dollars.                           The NFT business is expected to
                                                   continue its growth in 2022, but
NBA Top Shot and Beeple kicked                     it will be a bumpy ride with many
off an NFT boom in 2021. Popular                   potholes ahead.
projects emerged to congest the
Ethereum network, much like how                    “I feel like the bar will continuously
Dapper Labs' CryptoKitties did in                  be raised by NFT enthusiasts
2018.                                              deciding where they will deploy their
                                                   fiat or crypto,” CryptoSlam Founder
But unlike the Ethereum congestion                 and CEO Randy Wasinger said. “This
of 2018 which had little long-                     will spur innovation, but many low-
lasting impact, Ethereum’s market                  effort projects will fade away.”
dominance is being challenged by
alternative blockchains. Solana
emerged as an alternative for users
to mint and sell their NFT avatars
without the exorbitant gas fees on
Ethereum. Meanwhile, Ethereum
sidechain Ronin essentially put
food on the table for Covid-ravaged
communities in the Philippines.

                                                                                            Image credit: Unsplash

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// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

Executive Summary
NFT sales amounted to US$18.5             Alternative blockchains optimized           digital art and collectibles have found
billion in 2021 — a 570-fold increase     for gaming, digital art and other           acceptance as stores of value that
from 2020 as avatars and digital          purposes are taking transactions            can be monetized when needed.
art gained in popularity and              away from Ethereum, decongesting
organizations such as the NBA             the network and making it easier for        Helen Hai, head of NFT and fan
issued NFT collections that attracted     people to get onboard.                      token at Binance, believes traditional
an overwhelming response, data                                                        markets such as music, ticketing and
from NFT industry data aggregator         Facebook’s move to change its               entertainment will look to NFTs as
CryptoSlam showed.                        corporate name to Meta in October           a means of increasing revenue and
                                          2021 increased public interest in           improving customer experience.
With sales holding above US$2.5           the metaverse and the related
billion in recent months and reaching     technologies.                               Of particular interest is revenue
as high as US$4.5 billion in January                                                  participation via smart contracts
2022, the market for new NFTs will        New use case for NFTs have also             that involve all parts of a value chain,
likely surpass US$30 billion this year.   emerged, which will help grow the           benefitting composers, artists,
“There’s over 3 million people on         market in coming years.                     musicians, producers and even
Coinbase’s waiting list so if the                                                     collectors.

                                                                                      But while there are many
NFTs are becoming prime uses for identities                                           opportunities in the NFT space, the
in the form of avatars. Much like passports                                           industry needs to address concerns
                                                                                      about speculative bubbles as well
connect individuals to a country, avatars                                             as the negative impact on the
represent memberships in communities such                                             environment.

as the Bored Ape Yacht Club and Azuki.                                                 CryptoSlam’s Calpu believes the
                                                                                       NFT industry will be able to address
                                                                                       the various concerns and realize
number of NFTs collectors doubles         For instance, several universities and      its potential.
or triples this year we could see a       governments have started issuing
steady rise of at least 50-75% of the     NFTs to counter fraud and forgery,          “There will be challenges, including
current volumes,” CryptoSlam Chief        while experts have proposed using           scams, fakes, forgeries, and of course
Marketing Officer Yohann Calpu            NFTs as vaccine certifications.             bubbles. But at the end of the day,
predicts.                                                                             NFTs are facilitating human needs for
                                          In Japan, banking giant Mitsubishi          ownership, belonging and uniqueness
Several developments will help drive      UFJ Financial Group has introduced          and that is not going away,” he said.
the growth of NFTs from niche to          a utility token to replace physical
mainstream in coming years.               coupons and cards. MUFG’s NFT
                                          provides discounts and other benefits
NFTs are becoming prime uses for          to shareholders and can be used to
identities in the form of avatars. Much   support customers.
like passports connect individuals
to a country, avatars represent           Some companies have begun
memberships in communities such as        accepting NFTs as collateral for loans
the Bored Ape Yacht Club and Azuki.       and derivatives deals, indicating that

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State of the NFT Market - Research Report: HKIBFA
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

The NFT Market
By the Numbers

Global Sales Volume
NFT sales amounted to US$18.5                       the market for new NFTs will likely     have failed to provide investors
billion in 2021—a 570-fold increase                 grow to at least US$30 billion this     with shelter as total market
from 2020 as the record bid for                     year. CryptoSlam has projected 2022     capitalization fell below US$2
Beeple’s digital collage and the                    sales volume to rise by at least 50%    trillion in January 2022, the lowest
strong reception for NBA Top Shot                   to 70%, considering the expected        level since September 2021.
attracted new collectors and boosted                200% to 300% growth in the number
prices, data from NFT industry data                 of buyers.                              According to CryptoSlam, NFT
aggregator CryptoSlam showed.                                                               sales totaled US$4.5 billion in
                                                    The growing interest in NFTs            January 2022, just below the
Companies from Gucci and Ray-Ban                    contrasts with other financial          market’s all-time high of US$4.9
to McDonald’s and Coca Cola also                    markets which have undergone a          billion set in August 2021.
began to offer NFTs.                                roller coaster ride as central banks
                                                    prepare to raise interest rates as      Monthly NFT sales crossed the
With monthly sales holding above                    inflation hit multi-decades highs.      US$1 billion mark in July 2021
US$2.5 billion in recent months                                                             and have not looked back since.
and reaching as high as US$4.5                      Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies,
billion (data as of February 2022),                 long touted as the safe haven hedges,

               US$666.12                                    US$4.48 billion                         923,400
                Average Sale                                      NFT Sales Total                  Unique Buyers
                January 2022                                       January 2022

                                     6,730,843                                      768,932
                                  Total Transactions                         Unique Sellers of NFTs
                                      in January                                 January 2022

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State of the NFT Market - Research Report: HKIBFA
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

                                                                                                                               Image credit: Unsplash

Buyers and Sellers
CryptoSlam data shows there were                   that 85% of all NFT transactions
759,145 unique sellers of NFTs in                  were conducted by the top 10%
January 2022, up from 27,963 in                    of traders.1
                                                                                                                 From the lookout:
January 2021 and just slightly less                                                                              NFTs are often associated
than the market’s all-time high of                 While “whales”, or investors with                             with digital art and
791,631 in November 2021.                          substantial portfolios, will likely                           collectibles but new uses
                                                   continue driving impressive sales                             are emerging.
The number of unique buyers                        in the industry, the rise in the number
reached a new record monthly high                  of unique buyers shows that the                               Axie Infinity is one of the
of 910,611, up from 29,581 in January              NFT-curious are warming up to this                            first blockchain games to
2021. Buyers on the Ethereum                       novel asset class.                                            give us a glimpse into NFTs’
blockchain alone hit a milestone of                                                                              potential, having accounted
one million, the highest number                    Coinbase’s soon-to-be-launched NFT                            for 59% of all NFT sales in
since the metric began to be tracked               marketplace already had more than                             July 2021 when sales crossed
in 2017.                                           3.7 million people on its waitlist at                         US$1 billion for the first time.
                                                   the time of writing. Coinbase has
Although the diversity of buyers and               partnered with Mastercard so any                              Apes and pixel art are cool,
sellers has increased, value remains               cardholder can buy an NFT without                             but there’s much more to
concentrated in the hands of just a                the need to use cryptocurrency,                               NFTs than meets the eye.
few traders and investors. A recent                removing one of the current pain-
study published by Nature revealed                 points involved in buying NFTs.

1 Mapping the NFT revolution: market trends, trade networks, and visual features. https://www.
nature.com/articles/s41598-021-00053-8.pdf

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// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

From the lookout:                                   Blockchains
Two blockchains had a strong
February 2022 even as overall
NFT sales fell to US$2.9 billion
                                                    and NFTs
from January’s US$4.5 billion.
BSC, now rebranded as BNB
Chain, had an abysmal start                         The world's first NFT dates back                   however, is a sidechain of Ethereum.
to 2022, but has redeemed                           to 2014, when New York artist                      Ronin still uses Ethereum technology
itself in February by recording                     Kevin McCoy's animation known as                   while unloading transactions to its
US$1.13 million in February                         Quantum was originally minted on                   own blockchain which runs parallel
NFT sales, its best-performing                      Namecoin, a blockchain forked from                 to the latter.
month ever.                                         Bitcoin. Quantum eventually sold
                                                    for US$1.47 million at a Sotheby’s                 Axie Infinity developer Sky Mavis
Avalanche conducted over
                                                    auction in June 2021, but its host                 built Ronin after seeing Ethereum’s
US$70 million in sales to
                                                    blockchain is buried deep in the                   limitations, which have became
smash its previous record of
                                                    history of NFTs, rarely visited by                 more apparent due to high network
US$57 million that was set
                                                    today’s collectors.                                congestion as decentralized finance
in January. It has also grown
                                                                                                       (DeFi) and NFTs surged in popularity.
to become the world’s fourth
                                                    Ethereum is today’s most dominant                  Ronin’s birth was also a signal
largest DeFi chain.
                                                    blockchain for most smart contract                 for competing smart contracts
Avalanche needs to be on                            applications, and NFTs are no                      blockchains to take a bite out of
everyone’s radar this year.                         exception. The Ethereum blockchain,                Ethereum’s dominance.
                                                    fueled by its NFT standard ERC-721,
                                                    has handled over 72% of all NFT                    Solana is one of those competing
                                                    sales to date. A combination of high               blockchains, having risen to
                                                    transaction fees and questions over                prominence in August 2021 when
                                                    Ethereum’s carbon footprint1 has,                  it launched Wormhole, Solana’s
                                                    however, opened the door to a number               bridge to other DeFi ecosystems.
                                                    of newer blockchains offering                      Due to its cheaper and faster
                                                    cheaper and more environmentally-                  transactions, Solana has become
                                                    friendly alternatives.                             a popular alternative for NFT
                                                                                                       collectors and game developers.
                                                                                                       The number of buyers on Solana is
As of end-February 2022, Ethereum had                                                                  currently less than 25%
topped a million unique buyers which is second                                                         of Ethereum’s.

only to Ronin, the blockchain where the US$4                                                           With more blockchains entering the
billion play-to-earn powerhouse Axie Infinity                                                          conversation, Ethereum’s dominance
                                                                                                       is no longer uniform across the
lives with its 1.6 million buyers.                                                                     statistical board. For example,
                                                                                                       Ethereum ranks third in terms of sellers
                                                    As of end-February 2022, Ethereum                  with 580,000, behind Ronin’s 1.16
                                                    has topped a million unique buyers                 million and WAX’s 985,000. Both seller-
                                                    which is second only to Ronin, the                 leaders benefit from high transaction
                                                    blockchain where the US$4 billion                  numbers in blockchain games.
                                                    play-to-earn powerhouse Axie Infinity
                                                    lives with its 1.6 million buyers. Ronin,

                                                    1 The Climate Controversy Swirling Around Nfts. https://www.theverge.com/2021/3/15/22328203/
                                                    nft-cryptoart-ethereum-blockchain-climate-change

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// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

Top NFT blockchains by NFT sales volume

   Ethereum                         Ronin                                          Solana
   Ethereum, nicknamed “world       Ronin is an Ethereum sidechain                 Solana is a public blockchain
   computer”, is the world’s        home to play-to-earn superstar                 that emerged as a popular
   most popular blockchain for      Axie Infinity. It is a blockchain              alternative for DeFi and NFT
   smart contract applications.     optimized for gaming                           applications when Ethereum
   It has the highest amount        developed by Axie Infinity                     congestion peaked. Its fast
   of value locked in DeFi, and     developer Sky Mavis to                         transaction speeds and low
   the highest sales volume         avoid Ethereum congestion.                     fees attract investors from less
   for NFTs.                                                                       developed nations, and is often
                                                                                   on the top of the list for game
                                                                                   developers.

   Launched                         Launched                                       Launched
   July 2015                        August 2021                                    March 2020

   Cryptocurrency                   Cryptocurrency                                 Cryptocurrency
   ETH                              RON                                            SOL

   2022 NFT Sales Volume            2022 NFT Sales Volume                          2022 NFT Sales Volume
   US$6.390 billion                 US$209.1 million                               US$350.4 million

Source: CryptoSlam, March 1, 2022

                                                                                                    Image credit: Unsplash

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State of the NFT Market - Research Report: HKIBFA
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

Interview

The Rise and
Rise of NFTs
                                                    this is Axie Infinity, a blockchain game
Growth drivers of
                                                    that allows users to earn an income
the NFT ecosystem                                   through NFTs and cryptocurrencies.                Charles d’Haussy
                                                    In the Philippines, Axie Infinity players         Managing Director,
The growing popularity of NFTs is                   can make more than what they used                 Asia-Pacific, ConsenSys
stunning, having risen from several                 to earn from their regular jobs in pre-
hundred million dollars in sales                    pandemic days.
when the market first started to
around US$20 billion in 2021. We                                                                The demand for its capability outstrips
believe the exponential growth seen
                                                    Ethereum and other
                                                                                                the supply of computation, and so
around the world can be explained                   blockchains in the                          new chains like Polygon bridge into
by the product-market fit: NFTs have                NFT space                                   Ethereum and support additional
effectively provided a bridge for                                                               use cases at lower cost and higher
millions of mainstream users                        Ethereum is by far the most relevant        throughput in reliance on the
to begin converting to Web 3.0                      blockchain in the world — for NFTs,         Ethereum decentralization guarantees.
through a new asset class that is                   for developers, for decentralized           Chains like Solana specialize in DeFi
digital collectibles.                               finance (DeFi) and beyond. Ethereum         use cases and should be additive to
                                                    and Ethereum-compatible chains              the Web 3.0 ecosystem. All of this is
We believe there are a few main                     make up around 80% of total NFT             co-evolving as the infrastructure is
drivers of this growth, the first                   sales. Additionally, Ethereum has           upgraded on the way to Ethereum 2.0
having to do with appealing to a                    over 300,000 developers, more than          and multi-chain integration. The entire
digitally-native generation. NFTs                   any other blockchain developer              sector is expanding so fast that we
bridge many gaps between the                        community globally. Ethereum settles        are all going to make it.
traditional and new worlds —                        12 times more transactions than
physical and digital, mainstream                    PayPal does daily.                          Key NFT projects
and crypto — because everyone can
resonate with collectibles in the                   Regarding the growth of other
                                                                                                and collections
niche they care about. NFTs have                    blockchains, we believe we’re moving
proven to be the first crypto use                                                               The projects and collections that have
                                                    toward an increasingly interoperable
case to truly attract mainstream                                                                caught our attention span across a
                                                    world. We believe that there will be
audiences into the crypto and                                                                   few specific categories, including:
                                                    many computational blockchains
digital world.                                                                                  Popular “cult” crypto collections.
                                                    because they will form the backbone
                                                                                                There are a number of virally popular
                                                    of Web 3.0. However, not all will
The second driver of growth                                                                     crypto NFT collectible projects
                                                    play an equal role, as there’s a
is economics and speculation.                                                                   such as the Bored Ape Yacht Club
                                                    distinction between technology,
NFT collecting and trading have                                                                 and CryptoPunks, which each have
                                                    adoption and community.
become more than a hobby for                                                                    some 10,000 uniquely generated
many dealers of NFTs. In fact, the                                                              characters. No two NFTs are exactly
                                                    Ethereum is the first and primary
advent of play-to-earn gaming has                                                               alike, and each one of them can be
                                                    blockchain for running software,
introduced a way for many people                                                                officially owned by a single person on
                                                    and the idea is revolutionary. It has
in impoverished nations to make a                                                               the Ethereum blockchain. There are
                                                    ushered in DeFi, the creative industries
living after having lost their jobs due                                                         several others that are in this category
                                                    with NFTs and now new organizational
to the pandemic. One example of                                                                 of “club” avatars, and new ones are
                                                    structures and gaming collectives.
                                                                                                continuously launching every day.

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State of the NFT Market - Research Report: HKIBFA
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

The possibilities for these types      both in the Web 2.0 world and the             more decentralization. Proof of
of collections are endless, as they    blockchain world. One example                 stake reduces the technical
represent more than a digital          is Axie Infinity, which is now the            barriers for anyone to stake and
collectible. They represent an         top ranking NFT collectibles of all           secure the network.
access pass, a representation of       time, according to numerous NFT
one’s identity and a social “flex.”    analytics sites, with more protocol           More secure: The ability to
People use these avatars as their      revenue than Bitcoin and Ethereum.            compromise the network will be
social media profile pictures.                                                       magnitudes more expensive with
People use these avatars to feel       There are endless possibilities for           proof of stake, not to mention
like part of a club. “Members”         the world of NFTs, and multiple               that a 51% attacker is identifiable
of these clubs actually support        projects have delivered incredible            with validator addresses and can
each other and follow each other.      utility for their communities.                be forked away from the network
Membership in these clubs,                                                           in the event of an attack.
represented by ownership of
these tokens, is exclusive and
                                       Environmental and
                                                                                     The NFT industry is also empowering
actually offers real value and         security backlash                             green futures with layer-2
adds to one’s digital identity.                                                      technologies that are environmentally
                                       With respect to environmental                 and fiscally sustainable, with lower
Fan engagement: NBA Top Shot           concerns, there will be a major               carbon footprints and inexpensive
made almost US$1 billion in historic   upgrade on Ethereum called “the               transactions.
sales through their video NFTs that    Merge” (part of the Ethereum
capture sports moments.                2.0 upgrade), which will address
                                       the high usage of energy.
Digital artwork: the digital artist    Merge is the transition of the
Beeple secured US$69 million at a      Ethereum blockchain to a more
Christie’s auction and continues to    environmentally friendly method
produce daily artwork for his fans.    of confirming transactions and
There are a lot of other examples      data on the blockchain called
within digital art … including         proof of stake.
generative art.

Rights and royalties: Treum has        Membership in these clubs, represented by
pioneered music rights and
royalties through their EulerBeats
                                       ownership of these tokens, is exclusive and
project, which produces unique,        actually offers real value and adds to one’s
generative songs, (and) which
distributes royalties in perpetuity    digital identity.
to the original owners.

Brand engagement: Multiple             Proof of stake (PoS) will be:
brands are exploring opportunities
using NFTs to galvanize their          Substantially more sustainable:
brand engagement and loyalty           Tackling global concerns around
platforms. These include the           crypto’s environment impact. It is
world’s major cosmetics companies,     99.95% more energy-efficient. If
the largest intellectual property      you estimate the energy use of one
owners, entertainment companies        proof of stake validator to be 50W
and beyond.                            daily, which is a high estimate, that’s
                                       about the same as streaming less
Gaming: gaming has long been           than four minutes of Netflix.
known to be a great use case
for NFTs and there are multiple        More decentralized, in line with
examples of blockchain in gaming       blockchain essence: More validators,

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// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

NFT Avatars — A New Identity
                                                    NFT avatars are digital portraits,      Big brands have already started
From the lookout:                                   often illustrating animated or          to connect digital and physical
                                                    pixelated characters. Avatars are       properties. For one, Adidas has
When 10,000 CryptoPunks                             algorithmically generated to give       partnered with Bored Ape Yacht Club
were first minted by creator                        each NFT unique identifiable traits,    for its upcoming collection of NFTs
Larva Labs in 2017, it came                         such as a particular hairstyle,         titled Into the Metaverse. Owners
with a bug in its source code                       mustache, glasses or even laser eyes    of these NFTs will gain access to
that allowed buyers to instantly                    — a social trend Bitcoiners cite to     four exclusive physical products
withdraw the Ether used in the                      support the cryptocurrency’s climb      at no additional cost. The popular
purchase, essentially claiming                      to US$100,000.
ownership of the NFT and the
funds that were supposed to                         Nine of the top 10 NFT collections by sales
be in the sellers’ wallets.
                                                    volume were avatars in February 2022, up
Larva Labs airdropped the
                                                    from January’s eight in 10.
same copies of CryptoPunks
to owners with a bug fix.                           In many instances, the ownership of     sportswear brand also said its
This version, CryptoPunks                           these avatars represent community       upcoming lineup of physical apparel
V2, eventually became the                           membership. Bored Ape Yacht Club        would complement virtual wearables
recognizable pixelated                              is one of the most successful NFT       in the form of NFTs.
collection we know today.                           avatar collections in the world,
                                                    charming world-famous stars such        With the pandemic accelerating
This classic collection made                        as two-time NBA Most Valuable           digital transformation, the metaverse
a comeback, also with a bug                         Player (MVP) Stephen Curry and          may be transitioning from sci-fi
fix. Users started trading                          rap icon Eminem into its prestigious    luxury into a future necessity.
wrapped versions of these                           community. In February 2022, the
CryptoPunks V1 in popular                           average price for a single Bored Ape    Questions about the future include
NFT marketplaces, including                         was US$319,947, or 110 ETH.             how our digital counterparts will
OpenSea, the world’s largest.                                                               look in the metaverse and how that
The circulation of V1 is                            Nine of the top 10 NFT collections      version can maintain a person’s
challenging the one-of-a-kind                       by sales volume were avatars in         uniqueness. So far, NFT avatars
feature of February’s fourth-                       February 2022, up from January’s        present a reasonable option.
highest selling NFT collection,                     eight in 10. Azuki, an anime inspired
CryptoPunks.                                        NFT collection that provides owners
                                                    access to The Garden metaverse,
Larva Labs disowned the                             dethroned January champion
V1 collection and issued a                          Bored Ape Yacht Club by selling
DMCA notice for OpenSea to                          US$148 million from its collection.
delist the collection. The V1                       In this metaverse, Azuki NFT avatars
community has fought back,                          become their owners’ identity
filing a counter-DMCA notice.                       to interact with the community.
Larva Labs has since sold the
IP rights to BAYC creator                           The rise of the metaverse
Yuga Labs who intends to                            may be the catalyst to shift
transfer IP rights to the token                     mainstream perception of NFTs
holders. The future of V1 has                       from simple pictures to unique
not yet been determined.                            assets that represent ownership
                                                                                                 Image credit: Yuga Labs
                                                    in the digital realm.

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// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

Trends Driving NFTs Growth
Avatars accounted for most of the       products made specifically for the          director, Asia-Pacific, ConsenSys;
growth in the NFT space in 2021,        NFT ecosystem are expected to grow          Helen Hai, head of NFT and fan
but diverse use cases are starting to   this year.                                  token at Binance; and Audrey Ou, co-
emerge.                                                                             founder and CEO of NFT art platform
                                        Such developments were discussed            TRLab. Condensed versions of these
More niche products are also            in detail during interviews with            interviews are found in this report.
emerging, including fractionalized      Charles d’Haussy, managing
property ownership, and DeFi

                   Bored Ape            Mutant Ape
                                                            Azuki                  Meebits                     CryptoPunks
                   Yacht Club           Yacht Club

                                                                                                               10,000
                   10,000 Bored         Up to 20,000        10,000 manga-          20,000 unique
                                                                                                               uniquely
                   Ape NFTs             Mutant Apes         style avatars;         3D voxel
                                                                                                               generated
                   programmatically     NFTs (spin-off      Azuki aims to          characters,
                                                                                                               characters; one
  What is it?      generated from       from Bored          be identities          Snoop Dogg is
                                                                                                               of the earliest
                   over 170 possible    Ape Yacht           for The Garden         a high profile
                                                                                                               examples of
                   traits               Club)               metaverse              owner
                                                                                                               NFTs

  Launched
                   April 2021           August 2021         January 2022           May 2021                    June 2017
  date

  Blockchain         Ethereum              Ethereum           Ethereum                Ethereum                    Ethereum

  Created by       Yuga Labs            Yuga Labs           Chiru Labs             Larva Labs                  Larva Labs

  2022 Sales       US$421.3             US$343.3            US$367.4               US$48.6                     US$216.1
  Volume           million              million             million                million                     million

                   BAYC:                MAYC:               Azuki:                 Meebits:                    CryptoPunks:
  Floor price
                     97 ETH              21.8 ETH            12 ETH                 6.1 ETH                      71.94 ETH

  Discord
                   146,620              146,620             87,895                 54,453                      54,453
  Community

Data taken March 1, 2022. Source: CryptoSlam, 2022 sales volume refers to estimates for January and February
Images: opensea.io, azuki.com/gallery, meebits.larvalabs.com, larvalabs.com/cryptopunks

                                                                                                                                   11
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

Interview
Trends Within
the Trend
What major use                                      Trend 3: Disruption of traditional
                                                                                          Helen Hai
cases or trends will                                markets such as music, ticketing
                                                    and entertainment, etc. We            Head of NFT and fan token
we see in the NFT                                                                         Binance
                                                    will see new NFT models with
space in 2022?                                      the potential to disrupt these
                                                    industries. One possibility is the
Trend 1: Mass Adoption. Currently,
                                                    emergence of a class of NFTs that
we estimate there are around 1
                                                    allow revenue participation via
million unique wallets globally
                                                    smart contracts, rewarding every
that have been used to buy, sell
                                                    person in the value chain including
or hold NFTs. We believe this
                                                    composers, artists, musicians,
number will rise sharply as more
                                                    producers and collectors/whales.
companies and developers create
NFTs to engage fans, art lovers
                                                    Trend 4: Dynamic NFTs and the
and attract other new users. The
                                                    integration of real-world events.
trend of creating or buying NFT
                                                    NFTs started as static images
avatars for use as profile pictures
                                                    but have evolved to incorporate
will continue to grow as well.
                                                    different features. In 2022, we
                                                    will see further integration of
Trend 2: GameFi. Traditional
                                                    real-world information such as
free-to-play developers will jump
                                                    weather and stock data into NFTs.
on the bandwagon of blockchain
                                                    Basically, any real-world data
games, NFTs and play-to-earn by
                                                    can flow into NFTs and cause
the end of 2022. This game genre
                                                    the NFT to evolve.
will no longer be driven solely by
crypto native developers.

Disruption of traditional markets such as music,
ticketing and entertainment, etc. We will see
new NFT models with the potential to disrupt
these industries.

12
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

Asia Primed for NFT Growth
Asia looks set to become the next                   the more popular search term,               David Gan, a founder and general
big market for NFTs, with some                      with Hong Kong internet users               partner at OP Crypto, a venture
experts predicting the region may                   searching for "NFT" at 60% versus           capital firm that supports early-stage
surpass the West as early as this year.             40% for "crypto" in a comparison            startups in the digital asset economy,
                                                    of the two terms, according to              said there was a shift under way from
Global Google search interest for                   March data from Google.                     West to East in the NFT market. He
the term “NFT” surged past “crypto”                                                             cited several “notable” NFT projects
in January, with the search engine’s                Mainland China’s search behavior            with a strong Asian influence,
data showing growth originating in                  appears almost identical to Hong            including PhantaBears, Capsule
the East.                                           Kong’s, although this is difficult          House and Azuki.
                                                    to verify due to China’s internet
Data from Taiwan, Japan and
                                                    restrictions which include a ban
South Korea show NFTs are by far
                                                    on Google.

                                                      the highest proportion of NFT            and has a trade volume of 396 ETH
                                                      owners in 2021, with 32% of adults       (US$1.12 million).
                                                      admitting to owning at least one.

    Southeast                                         This comes as no surprise as Axie
                                                                                               Bali, Indonesia’s top tourist
                                                                                               destination, is also becoming a

    Asia                                              Infinity became a source of income
                                                      for the country when Covid-19 was
                                                                                               crypto hub. The nation’s largest
                                                                                               crypto exchange, Tokocrypto,
    ■ Total online population: 440                    at its peak. A new economy               recently launched T-Hub, a physical
        million1                                      blossomed around the NFT game,           retreat for Asia’s crypto community.
    ■   Strong Google search interest                 with players known as “scholarship       Bali has its own physical NFT
        in NFTs                                       providers” renting out Axies to          gallery, the Superlative Gallery,
    ■   Epicenter of Axie Infinity’s play-            those who could not afford the           which opened its doors to visitors
        to-earn boom                                  initial set of NFTs needed to join       in January.
    ■   Regulatory stance varies                      the economy.
        depending on country                                                                   With a physical crypto zone, an NFT
                                                      Thailand came in second among            gallery, friendly visas and a local
    Southeast Asia boasts some of the                 Southeast Asian countries, the           social media superstar, Indonesia is
    highest rates of NFT ownership                    Finder.com survey found, with            a sleeping giant in the NFT scene.
    globally, aided in part by the                    27% of correspondents classifying
    popularity of play-to-earn games                  themselves as NFT owners.                Regulations in other parts of
    such as Axie Infinity. MetaMask, a                                                         Southeast Asia are, however,
    soft wallet of 21 million users, said             Indonesia, the most populous             less favorable. Singapore has
    the Philippines is its single biggest             Southeast Asian country, looks           tough restrictions on crypto-
    market with Vietnam in third place.               particularly promising. In December      related advertising, while the
                                                      2021, a 22-year-old college student,     Thai Securities and Exchange
    A Finder.com2 study supports                      Sultan Gustaf Al Ghozali, uploaded       Commission has banned digital
    MetaMask’s numbers. Among                         around 933 selfies of himself taken      asset exchanges from providing
    28,000 people surveyed across                     over the course of five years. The       services related to certain crypto-
    20 nations, the Philippines had                   collection now has 509 owners            related products including NFTs.

    1 https://blog.google/around-the-globe/google-asia/sea-digital-decade/
    2 NFT statistics 2021. https://www.finder.com/za/nft-statistics

                                                                                                                                             13
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

                                                                          China
                                                                                                           prevent NFT owners from
From the lookout:                                                                                          flipping their products.
Singapore and Hong Kong
                                                          ■ Total online population: 1.032                 For example, Alibaba has a 180-
were once touted as crypto
                                                             billion1                                      day lock period before NFTs can
hubs, but the two Asian
financial centers are being                               ■ Strong Google search interest                  be transferred to other users for
sidelined due to unfavorable                                 in NFTs                                       the first time. The receiver of
regulations on crypto trading.                                                                             these NFTs must then hold on to
                                                          ■ NFTs are not banned but
                                                                                                           these tokens for an additional
                                                             state media has issued
It is unclear whether the                                                                                  two years before they can be
                                                             warnings against speculation
tough stance on retail crypto                                                                              transferred again.
will affect the growth of
                                                          ■ NFTs are referred to as
                                                             “digital collectibles” and                    The half-year lock hasn’t curbed
NFTs, although the Monetary
                                                             there are trading restrictions                speculation. In February 2022,
Authority of Singapore has
                                                             for such products                             state-backed broadcaster CCTV
stated that there are no plans
to regulate NFTs as of now.                                                                                released 34,000 collectibles
                                                          NFTs are popular in China,                       on Tencent’s and Alibaba’s NFT
The central bank has moved
                                                          but the market may develop                       market at 29.9 yuan (US$4.72)
to tax them instead.
                                                          differently compared to the rest                 each. These collectibles soon
                                                          of the world due to restrictions                 appeared on online resale
Hong Kong, meanwhile,
                                                          imposed by the state.                            markets,4 trading at least 10
has become a popular NFT
hub, with regular physical                                                                                 times their original prices.
                                                          China, once one of the world’s
gatherings, galleries and local
                                                          largest markets for crypto-                      Just weeks prior, demand for
artists embracing the new
                                                          currencies, banned crypto                        NFT- like digital collectibles
source of income, at least
                                                          transactions2 in 2021. The                       issued by Chinese state-backed
when the pandemic permits.
                                                          government is, however,                          media outlet Shanghai Securities
                                                          watching the industry closely                    News surged on China’s biggest
Despite the difficulty in
                                                          and state media have warned                      resale market, Alibaba’s Xianyu.
accessing crypto, Asia’s two
                                                          against the speculative
financial centers may yet ride
                                                          behaviors surrounding NFTs.3                     AntGroup’s NFT5 arm, which
the NFT wave.
                                                                                                           is part of the Alibaba group,
                                                          To abide by government                           has since frozen the accounts
                                                          warnings, Chinese tech                           related to the resale of digital
                                                          giants, including Alibaba, have                  collectibles.
                                                          rebranded NFTs as “digital
                                                          collectibles” which can only be                  Beijing is building its own
                                                          purchased using fiat currency.                   version of NFTs on the state-
                                                          The tech giants have also                        backed Blockchain-based
                                                          imposed lock-in periods to                       Service Network6 (BSN). In a
                                                                                                           semantic effort to distance

                                                          1 China has 1.032 billion internet users, 73.0% penetration rate. https://www.globaltimes.
                                                          cn/page/202202/1253226.shtml
                                                          2 Industry players scramble, evaluate options as China bans all crypto transactions. https://
                                                          forkast.news/industry-scramble-china-bans-crypto-transactions/
                                                          3 Another Chinese state-run media outlet faults NFT frenzy. https://forkast.news/head-
                                                          lines/another-chinese-state-run-media-outlet-faults-nft-hype/
                                                          4 CCTV NFTs hit resale market before transfer permitted. https://forkast.news/headlines/
                                                          cctv-nft-hits-resale-market-transfer/
                                                          5 Ant Group’s NFT arm punishes users for digital collectible resales. https://forkast.news/
                                                          headlines/ant-group-nft-digital-collectible-resales/
                                                          6 Year in review: Top China blockchain news in 2021. https://forkast.news/year-in-review-
                                                          top-china-blockchain-news-in-2021/

14
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

them1 from NFTs traded for crypto                 or DDCs. This network
on blockchains outside China, the                 will support China’s national
Chinese NFTs have been named                      currency,2 the yuan.
“distributed digital certificates”

1 Crypto market suffers mauling as bears go berserk. https://forkast.news/crypto-market-suf-
fers-mauling-as-bears-go-berserk/
2 China to launch own NFT infrastructure by end Jan, BSN confirms. https://forkast.news/head-
lines/china-launch-own-nft-infrastructure-bsn/

                                                                                                  Image credit: Yuga Labs

               Japan                             numerous other cult characters
                                                 with massive followings.
                                                                                                 giant Sega, creator of Sonic the
                                                                                                 Hedgehog and Mortal Kombat,
                                                                                                 reevaluate its NFT plans. This
■ Total online population: 117.4                 The country’s NFT market may also               followed criticism about its carbon
   million                                       develop along a different path, with            footprint and talk that Sega’s plans
■ Low NFT ownership despite                      the government prioritizing NFT-                were little more than a money grab.
   tech-savvy population                         related use cases other than virtual
■ Government seeking to develop                  collectibles.                                   The country, however, remains a
   new use cases for NFTs                                                                        pioneer in NFT technologies. For
                                                 According to Finder.com, just 2% of             instance, Mitsubishi UFJ Financial
Japan is home to many innovative                 adult internet users own NFTs.                  Group (MUFG) is leading the way
tech and crypto firms, and there is                                                              with its MUFG utility token, a form
strong interest in crypto trading.               The growth of Japan’s NFT market                of NFTs that replaces physical
But NFT ownership is surprisingly                may also slow during 2022 amid                  coupons and cards, and represents
low in the land of Hello Kitty and               a backlash that has seen gaming                 access to shareholder rewards.

	  South                                         Tech-savvy South Korea is a
                                                 hotbed of innovation in the digital
                                                                                                At least two South Korean
                                                                                                universities have started issuing

	 Korea                                          space, with the government,
                                                 educational institutes and
                                                                                                NFTs as graduation certificates,
                                                                                                riding the NFT wave while coming
                                                 companies leading the way in                   up with a novel way to guard
■ Total online population: 49.75                 exploring new use cases for NFTs.              against forgery and alteration.
   million
■ Strong Google search interest                  Candidates for the March 2022
                                                                                                The biggest contribution to
   in NFTs                                                                                      NFTs, though, is coming from
                                                 presidential election have
■ Government and firms investing                                                                the country’s world-famous
                                                 identified crypto-friendly stances
   heavily in the metaverse                                                                     K-pop industry and its tech
                                                 as key strategies to attract
                                                                                                conglomerates.
■ Entertainment groups                           younger voters. South Korean
   incorporating NFTs into their                 President-elect Yoon Suk-yeol
                                                                                                HYBE, the company behind K-pop
   products                                      issued NFTs featuring videos
                                                                                                boy band BTS, has teamed up with
                                                 and images of himself during his
                                                                                                blockchain company Dunamu to
                                                 campaign.

                                                                                                                                              15
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

      develop an NFT business1 to sell                  YG Entertainment — K-pop girl                     South Korean companies are
      BTS content in the form of digital                group Blackpink’s agency3 —                       also global leaders in smart TV,
      assets.                                           has climbed aboard the NFT                        with Samsung and LG together
                                                        bandwagon, partnering with                        controlling around 50% of the
      Cube Entertainment,2 another                      cryptocurrency exchange Binance,                  global market.4 Samsung and LG
      major K-pop entertainment agency,                 which will provide the NFT platform               revealed at the 2022 Consumer
      has partnered with Animoca                        and technology support. Binance                   Electronics Show that their new
      Brands on an NFT joint venture to                 has also partnered with SM                        line of smart TVs will let viewers
      build a music metaverse.                          Entertainment on NFT projects.                    access NFT marketplaces directly
                                                                                                          from their living rooms.
      These moves have, however, met                    South Korea’s advance in the NFT
      resistance among K-pop fans                       space is supported by the country’s               Not all NFTs are permitted in South
      concerned about the NFTs’ carbon                  large virtual reality market, which               Korea, with blockchain-based play-
      footprint.                                        the nation’s science ministry                     to-earn games among those that
                                                        predicts will be worth over US$2.5                have been banned.5
      The K-pop companies have                          billion by 2024.
      nevertheless pressed ahead.

      1 K-pop sensation BTS gets ready to sell NFTs, as label looks to cash in on loyal A.R.M.Y fanbase. https://forkast.news/k-pop-sensation-bts-nfts-
      label-army-fanbase/
      2 Animoca Brands dreams big with K-pop agency Cube to build metaverse and NFTs. https://forkast.news/headlines/animoca-brands-kpop-
      cube-metaverse-nfts/
      3 Binance, BLACKPINK’s K-pop agency to develop NFTs, other projects. https://forkast.news/headlines/binance-blackpink-kpop-nfts-projects
      4 LG to follow Samsung adding NFT features to flagship TVs. https://forkast.news/lg-samsung-nft-tv-line/
      5 Popular NFT games made in South Korea, and banned in South Korea. https://forkast.news/south-korea-nft-play-to-earn-games-still-banned/

                                                                                                                                  Image credit: Unsplash

16
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

Interview
Getting Creative
Traditional art and                       In 2022, I predict that luxury brands,
                                          art institutions, musicians and other
NFTs                                      creators will experiment with NFTs
                                          on a much larger scale than in 2021.
Art collectors have become much
more interested in NFTs over the past                                                         Audrey Ou
year. Crypto-native NFT projects, like    Copyright conundrums                                Co-founder and CEO
profile photos, are opening an entirely                                                       NFT art platform TR Lab
                                          Many issues remained unresolved
new market to art fans.
                                          in terms of copyright and copyright
                                          infringements. This isn’t something
The ranks of mainstream art
                                          TRLab deals with closely, because
collectors are also expanding, since
many young NFT collectors go on to
                                          we work with artists directly and            Outlook for 2022
                                          don’t offer user-generated works
explore other forms of art, including
                                          on our platform.                             This year, I see NFTs as a blank slate
physical art.
                                                                                       for exploration. What we believe to
                                          Authenticity and legitimacy are              be the boundaries of NFT art will be
NFTs as a bridge                          incredibly important to all artists,         pushed and broken by creators. With
                                          and issues around ownership                  developments such as Coinbase’s
between the physical                      continue to swirl in the NFT space.          NFT marketplace, more people will
and the virtual                           One example is the controversy raised        become more familiar with NFTs,
                                          around an NFT sale planned by Pablo          adding to the ranks of NFT buyers.
There’s still a big gap between the       Picasso’s granddaughter and great-
traditional and digital art worlds,       grandson: Marina Picasso and her             The NFT art market is still in its
but I believe the gap will narrow as      son Florian. The collection was not          infancy, and this is no time to proclaim
new NFTs pull in new buyers from          previously authorized by the Picasso         or accept a one-size-fits-all position
the physical market. NFTs are the         Administration, and therefore would          on how to produce, launch, sell or
gateway to crypto, and what we’re         be deemed counterfeit, a complex             collect NFT art. Beyond art, I see
seeing now is just the start.             copyright issue that can’t be solved         gaming and fashion as a big focus
                                          with blockchain technology alone.            for NFTs this year.

                                                                                                              Image credit: Unsplash

                                                                                                                                    17
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

                                                     Metaverse Set
                                                     to Boost NFTs
                                                     NFTs are widely expected1 to                          since Facebook said it was going
                                                     gain increased popularity as                          all-in on virtual reality in October
                                                     the metaverse becomes more                            2021, even changing its corporate
                                                     established, thanks to the                            name to Meta.
                                                     technology’s ability to provide
                                                     indisputable proof of ownership.                      Consulting company McKinsey &
                                                                                                           Company wrote in a report3 entitled
                                                     Ownership of virtual real estate,                     “The State of Fashion 2022” that
                                                     which involves the use of NFTs,                       digital assets such as NFTs, gaming
                                                     has grown rapidly. In Decentraland,                   “skins” and virtual fashion will edge
                                                     one of the most popular                               closer to the mainstream, with
                                                     metaverses, property prices have                      popular brands expanding into the
                                                     risen 400-500%2 in the months                         metaverse.

                                                     1 NFTs: The metaverse economy. https://www.ft.com/partnercontent/crypto-com/nfts-the-
                                                     metaverse-economy.html
                                                     2 Investors are paying millions for virtual land in the metaverse. https://cnb.cx/3tn5fiC
                                                     3 The State of Fashion 2022. https://www.mckinsey.com/~/media/mckinsey/industries/retail/our%20
                                                     insights/state%20of%20fashion/2022/the-state-of-fashion-2022.pdf

                                                         From the lookout:
                                                                                                          Microsoft’s HoloLens is also
                                                         Facebook kickstarted big tech’s                  gaining in popularity despite
                                                         recognition of the metaverse by                  its US$3,500 price tag.
                                                         rebranding itself as Meta. The
                                                         company’s Oculus 2, priced north                 The wild card is Apple, which
                                                         of US$299, is already one of the                 has yet to make its VR/AR device
                                                         most popular VR/AR headsets. If                  announcement. As Apple has his-
                                                         all goes as planned, the upcoming                torically evaded bulky designs, the
                                                         Oculus 3 will propel VR/AR head-                 next generation of VR/AR devices
                                                         sets into the mainstream with its                will likely operate without having
                                                         lower cost and improved features.                to dock phones into headsets.

     Image credit: Unsplash

18
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

Interview
The Metaverse
Conquest
The Sandbox metaverse is made up            the real world where the process
of 166,464 unique land NFTs, digital        may take months or years.
pieces of real estate, that players
                                                                                                Sébastien Borget
can own to publish their creations,         Land owners also get access to a
                                                                                                Chief operating officer and
monetize their games or rent to other       global audience, instantly, and are
                                                                                                co-founder at The Sandbox
creators. These lands will host a           no longer limited by the laws of
wide range of experiences, and their        physics. The only limits are truly
limited number makes The Sandbox            your imagination.
                                                                                         and jobs the metaverse is creating
seem like a virtual Manhattan when it
                                                                                         will transform how we’ll be working,
comes to real estate valuation. Today,      We believe that if you offer an even
                                                                                         socializing, playing and earning.
The Sandbox counts over 18,500              richer set of digital opportunities
                                                                                         Brands like Adidas, Snoop Dogg,
unique land owners and generates            in a creators’ economy but remove
                                                                                         The Walking Dead, deadmau5, Atari,
a lifetime gross merchandise value          barriers to entry — by offering free
                                                                                         Rollercoaster Tycoon, Care Bears,
(GMV) of US$380 million.                    tools that are intuitive, financial
                                                                                         The Smurfs, Shaun the Sheep,
                                            support for creators to help them
                                                                                         and Binance see the value in what
One of the reasons that explains            get started and no buy-in required
                                                                                         we’re creating and have partnered
the interest in virtual lands in The        to start creating — a digital economy
                                                                                         us to create voxelized versions of
Sandbox is the possibilities they           can spread even faster. That’s our
                                                                                         their worlds and characters in the
offer: Users can publish their own          strategy with The Sandbox.
                                                                                         metaverse.
experiences and monetize them or
just rent out the land to other builders.   2022 will certainly be an exciting
                                                                                         A new generation of players and
                                            year for the industry as a whole, as
                                                                                         consumers are interested in virtual
In The Sandbox, players and creators        many new blockchain-based games
                                                                                         goods and brand experiences, and
have full ownership of anything they        with player-owned economies will
                                                                                         that’s why partners like Snoop Dogg
create or buy, and full authorship of       be launched and bring on new
                                                                                         are choosing The Sandbox as the
any NFTs they create. Every creator         audiences. We also expect further
                                                                                         space to perform concerts, interact
is free to share, trade or sell their       innovations.
                                                                                         with fans and establish themselves
3D creations while retaining full
                                                                                         in the digital space.
ownership and getting all the revenue.      We see a transformation in the next
You can bring your own NFTs to The          10 years. The economic opportunities
Sandbox, even if they were created
on another platform. Similarly, you
can sell NFTs made in The Sandbox
elsewhere if you want to. This concept
has powerful appeal, but we expect
competition from those who want to
establish new walled gardens.

Thanks to the accessibility of VoxEdit,
our 3D Editor for modeling and
animating content, and Game Maker,
our #nocode tool, the possibilities are
amplified as anyone can build content
in a matter of hours or days, unlike in
                                                                                                 Image: https://www.sandbox.game/

                                                                                                                                      19
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

  From the lookout:                                 The Boost from
  Unbeknownst to those                              Blockchain Gaming
  outside the NFT space,
  there’s a mammoth                                  The rise of blockchain play-to-earn                 NFTs are transforming gaming and
  blockchain game on the                             gaming1 has been a catalyst for                     are entering this arena. Microsoft
  horizon.                                           the adoption of NFTs. According                     in January 2022 announced that it
                                                     to games market analytics firm                      was buying gaming giant Activision
  Even before the launch of                          Newzoo2, the global games market                    Blizzard5 in a US$68.7 billion push
  Star Atlas, which promises                         will generate revenues of US$218.8                  to grow its gaming business and
  cinema-quality graphics,                           billion in 2024. A third of the world’s             position itself as a developer of
  investors are already pouring                      population are gamers and the                       metaverse platforms.
  millions of dollars                                Asia-Pacific region is the largest
  to purchase in-game NFT                            market for video gaming,                            Cryptocurrency platform Binance
  items. The unreleased                              according to Statista.3 Gamers                      in October 2021 launched its new
  game’s leaderboard shows                           are accustomed to interacting in                    Initial Game Offering arm to enable
  a player with US$4 million                         a virtual world with game assets                    investments in NFT gaming projects.
  worth of assets. This player’s                     such as skins or power-ups. Players                 Helen Hai, head of NFT and fan
  in-game faction’s assets are                       can potentially win tokens or NFTs                  token at Binance, predicts that with
  worth US$68 million dollars.                       and trade them or sell them on                      the rise of GameFi, traditional free-
                                                     marketplaces for fiat money.                        to-play developers will go into
 The combined asset value of                                                                             blockchain games.
 the three Star Atlas factions                       Gaming is seeing an increase in
 is currently over US$166                            the use of NFTs.4 Popular NFT-                      “This game genre will not be driven
 million dollars — enough for                        based blockchain game Axie Infinity                 by crypto native developers anymore
 the game to be in the top 20                        clocked more than US$126 million                    and we will see big developers and
 NFT collections even before                         in sales in January 2022 and is the                 publishers enter the space,” she said.
 the launch.                                         top NFT collection by all-time sales
                                                     volume, ahead of the avatar NFT                     As with collectibles, the shift to NFTs
 Star Atlas may become one                           collection CryptoPunks which had                    has faced pushback due to concerns
 of the most valuable games                          around                                              about their carbon footprint, as
 of all time or it may fail                          half the sales.                                     gaming giant Ubisoft found out in
 spectacularly because of all                                                                            December 2021 when it launched
 the hype. Nevertheless, it will                     Businesses and game developers                      Ubisoft Quartz, an NFT platform on
 be an important milestone in                        have seen how blockchain and                        the Tezos blockchain.
 the history of NFTs.

                                                     1 Animoca CEO Yat Siu: Ownership economy ‘will be worth trillions’. https://forkast.news/atari-yat-
                                                     siu-nft-gaming-blockchain-adoption
                                                     2 The Games Market and Beyond in 2021: The Year in Numbers. https://newzoo.com/insights/arti-
                                                     cles/the-games-market-in-2021-the-year-in-numbers-esports-cloud-gaming/
                                                     3 Number of active video gamers worldwide from 2015 to 2023. https://www.statista.com/statis-
                                                     tics/748044/number-video-gamers-world/
                                                     4 Gaming’s new tipping point into metaverse matters. https://forkast.news/gamings-new-tipping-
                                                     point-and-why-metaverse-matters/
                                                     5 Microsoft to acquire gaming giant Activision Blizzard in metaverse bid. https://forkast.news/
                                                     headlines/microsoft-acquire-activision-metaverse/

20
// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

Popular blockchain games

Axie Infinity                         Farmers World                                  Alien Worlds
An NFT-based blockchain               An NFT-based blockchain                        An NFT metaverse in which
game in which players battle,         game in which players can farm                 players compete using unique
breed, collect, raise and             NFTs, pick tools, breed animals,               digital items (NFTs), earn
build kingdoms for pet                cultivate crops, buy land to build             in-game currency Trilium and
creatures called Axies                farms and fight jungle monsters                travel on missions

Launched                              Launched                                       Launched
March 2018                            August 2021                                    December 2020

Blockchain                            Blockchain                                     Blockchain
Ronin (previously on                  WAX                                            Binance Smart Chain,
Ethereum)                                                                            Ethereum, WAX

Created by                            Created by                                     Created by
Sky Mavis                             G. JIT Japan                                   Dacoco

2022 Sales Volume                     2022 Sales Volume                              2022 Sales Volume
US$209 million                        US$23.7 million                                US$2.7 million

Source: CryptoSlam 2022 sales volume refer to estimates for January and February.

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// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

Collaterals, Vaccine Certificates
and Other Use Cases
The next 12 months will see an                      while NFTfi provides market making          Although NFTs, for now, are mostly
increase in NFT use cases beyond                    services for borrowers and lenders.         images and short video clips, Hai
gaming and collectibles.                                                                        expects to see dynamic NFTs being
                                                    Universities, governments and               integrated with real-world data such
One of the more novel shifts in                     institutions have already started           as changes in the weather or stock
NFT usage comes from DeFi. In                       issuing NFTs to counter fraud and           prices. “Any real-world data can flow
January 2022, digital asset trading                 forgery, while experts have proposed        into NFTs and have an impact on the
group Genesis started accepting                     using NFTs as vaccine certifications        NFT itself,” she said.
NFTs as collateral for loans and                    as well.
derivatives deals, in a sign that                                                               Rachel Mayers, VP of product at
digital art has found its way into                  Binance’s Hai believes traditional          Circle, expects the use cases for
the booming market for complex                      markets such as music, ticketing,           NFTs to continue growing at a
crypto financial products.                          entertainment will also look to NFTs.       rapid pace. “Brands and creators
                                                    Of particular interest is the possibility   will reinforce loyalty community
Drops.co provides a platform for retail             of revenue participation via smart          behavior by using NFTs… eventually,
investors to secure instant loans on                contracts that involve all parts of a       everything will be an NFT.”
NFT and Metaverse assets,                           value chain including composers,
                                                    artists, musicians, producers and
                                                    collectors.

                                                             NFT Use Cases

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// Forkast | Research Report: State of the NFT Market | Q1 2022

Interview

NFTs Behind
the Pictures
1. What are                              eco-friendly, decentralized HECO
programmable NFTs?                       Chain blockchain.                                     Reeve Collins
                                                                                               Co-founder of BLOCKv,
Programmable NFTs are completely         Themed around the Chinese Year                        a platform for creating,
customizable digital objects that        of the Tiger, this specific release                   minting and distributing
can be programmed to change their        allows users to snap a picture                        programmable NFTs
appearance and purpose over time,        wearing a virtual tiger mask or add
allowing for the creation of unique      a New Year photo frame and mint
objects and collectibles that can        the moment into an NFT in seconds.           transmittable objects could be
change in response to future events.     This NFT can then be shared with             transformed. This technology
                                         friends and family across the globe.         potentially holds the answer to
Picture a massive multiplayer online                                                  solving enterprise problems like event
role playing game like World Of          We’re hoping that this is the sort of        ticket fraud and the secure transfer
Warcraft, where you can complete         vibrant, cross-cultural experience           of sensitive data, so in my view,
your existing armor set by heading       that will become more abundant               this approach can and should most
out into the real world and collecting   in the world of blockchain, as the           certainly be the future.
a helmet dropped near your home,         metaverse is ultimately about
Pokémon Go-style.                        connecting people, regardless of
                                                                                      3. Do you see NFTs as
                                         physical location.
Or, using the Super Bowl as                                                           an asset class in 2022?
another example, consider a digital
collectible released by your favorite
                                         2. Are NFTs a fad                            I do, but then again I have been
team mid-season that changes to          or the future?                               stating that they would become
a VIP playoff ticket if your team                                                     an entirely new asset class since
qualifies! The digital nature of NFTs    While I can’t definitively predict           2015, I’m very happy to see it
allows us to build these kinds of        how the future will unfold, NFTs             finally coming to fruition!
things, moving beyond the static,        certainly have a huge amount
unchanging nature of items in the        of potential and a wide variety              We have still only scratched the
physical world and transcending          of use cases that bring a ton of             surface of what is possible with
what was previously possible.            value. Right now, of course, the             these digital objects, and there is
                                         market is largely centered around            still a tremendous number of use
One recent initiative involved pairing   digital art and collectibles, but the        cases that have yet to be unlocked.
the power of BLOCKv’s interactive        power of blockchain technology               The revolutionary and unique nature
programmable NFTs with Huobi’s           means that any number of digitally           of NFTs denotes them as a unique
                                                                                      form of asset that will continue to
                                                                                      grow and expand as they become a
This technology potentially holds the answer
                                                                                      more integral part of our daily lives.
to solving enterprise problems like event ticket
fraud and the secure transfer of sensitive data,
so in my view, this approach can and should
most certainly be the future.

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