Stardust The asteroid and space debris research and training network
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Stardust The asteroid and space debris research and training network
Stardust will last for 4 years starting on
the 1st of February 2013
Stardust is a €4.1M research
and training network supported
by the European Commission to Strathclyde 14 partners all
focus on asteroid and space University is over Europe: 10
debris issues on a global scale the full partners and
coordinator 4 associate
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www.stardust2013.eu
partners
5 universities,
15 researchers will be recruited on 4 companies,
Stardust 2 national research
centres, 1 university
research centre, one
national observatory
and the European
8 major training and outreach events Space Agency
2
organised within Stardust
Stardust, the first in its kind, is going to train the next
generation of engineers, scientists, decision makers to
face the asteroid and space debris problem
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• 3 training schools on the major topics of the research programme
• 4 workshops involving the international community
• One final global conference
• A white paper to provide recommendations to the European
Community on what to do next 3
• Who’s who in the
network, and
• Where they are
in the world
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4
Website Twitter Linked-In E-mail
Future portal account Group is not address
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will be a fully public but
Stardust2013eu
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stardust@strath.ac.uk
dedicated people can be
external site accepted if the
Supervisory
Board agrees
5
SPACE DEBRIS
Orbit Impact Manipulation/R
Observation Disposal
Determination Prediction emoval
• Some key commonalities between active debris
removal and asteroid deflection
• Merge two active communities to protect our terrestrial
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and space assets
• Cross fertilisation and improvement of key technologies
for asteroid deflection/manipulation/exploitation and
active debris removal/on orbit servicing
ASTEROIDS
6
Orbit Impact Manipulation/R
Observation Exploitation
Determination Prediction emoval
Three main areas of
research:
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Modelling &
Simulation
Active
Removal/Deflection
of Uncooperative
Targets
Orbit & Attitude
Estimation and 7
Prediction
• This research area forms the basis of every analysis or tool that aims
to predict the evolution of the debris environment, the danger of an
actual impact with an asteroid, the consequences of a deflection or
removal action.
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The prediction of the damage,
the future evolution of the orbit
of debris and asteroids and their
response to a deflection/removal
attempt require modelling of the
dynamics and dynamic
environment, the long term
simulation, the modelling and
simulation of the possible
damage including re-entry and 8
impact on ground
• Orbital and Attitude Dynamics
Modelling
• Long Term Orbit and Attitude
Evolution
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• Particle Cloud Modelling and
Modelling & Simulation
Simulation • Collision and Impact
Modelling and Simulation
• Re-entry Modelling and
Simulation
• Asteroid Origins and
Characterisation
9
• The ultimate goal is to predict, with high precision, the probability of
an impact or collision and the evolution of the associated risk.
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After a removal/deflection action
is applied, the dynamic state of
the asteroid/piece of debris
needs to be estimated with an
appropriate set of observations
and measurements. From the
state estimation, one can predict
the residual damage (that needs
to be brought to zero)
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• Orbit and Attitude
Orbit and Determination
Attitude
Determination
& Prediction • Impact Prediction and
Risk Analysis
11• This research area forms the basis of every analysis or tool that aims
to predict the evolution of the debris environment, the danger of an
actual impact with an asteroid, the consequences of a deflection or
removal action
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Deflection/removal of asteroids
and space debris require
specific technologies, definition
and analysis of specific mission
scenarios and control of the
removal/deflection action
12• Mission Analysis
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• Proximity Operations
Active
Removal/Defle • Active Removal/Deflection
ction of
Uncooperative Control Under Uncertainty
Targets
• Active Removal/Deflection
Technologies
13• The overriding goal of this network is to train researchers to develop and
master techniques for asteroid and space debris monitoring,
removal/deflection and exploitation such that they can be applied in a real
scenario
• The integration of all the disciplines involved in this network is a fundamental
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step towards the resolution of the asteroid and space debris issue and has
beneficial consequences in all research areas
• The network will require training in a diverse range of fields from ground
based optical and radar observation, robotic intervention and advanced
propulsion technologies
• The network researchers will therefore receive a uniquely broad and
interdisciplinary training, in addition to acquiring specialist skills
• Interestingly, the communities dealing with asteroids and space debris
already intersect and many scholars in this ITN work proficiently in both 14
areas• Stardust training cycle
6 Formal Informative
2 Nonformal Transformative Learning
Learning CONFERENCE
INNOVATION / SCHOOL
RESEARCH PROJECT Technical writing skills
Presentation skills
Proposal writing
Time/resource
management
Report writing
Research skills
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Event organisation
Communication skills
1 Formal Leadership skills
Informative
Learning 5 Informal Learning
Nonformal
SCHOOL 3 Transformative R & D PROJECT
ESR Learning
ER
WORKSHOP /
WORKING GROUP
Management skills
Informal
Industrial experience Teaching, supervising
Transformative
Communications skills
Time management
Learning 15
INTERNSHIP /
4 SECONDMENT 7• Working groups are a peculiarity of this ITN and are there to
promote cross-disciplinary training and activities
Provide cross-disciplinary training to the E(S)Rs
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Provide management/supervision training to the E(S)Rs
Blend the activities within this ITN to effectively reach
the common goals of this ITN: active debris removal
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and asteroid manipulation• WGs are formed by E(S)Rs of different institutions who work on a joint
project for up to 6 months
• The initial coordination and supervision of the WGs is provided by the
supervisors of the E(S)R
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• After which the coordination/supervision of the WG will pass to the ERs
• WGs will work remotely using Skype, the Linked-In group, the
blog/website, Facebook or other media to communicate and organise
their work
• The results of a set of WGs will be presented at an internal training
event, after which a new set of WGs will be started
17
Working Groups• Candidates need to submit a CV and a cover letter in English
expressing up to 2 job preferences and their motivations for taking up
the selected post
• Applications need to be send to stardust@strath.ac.uk and/or directly
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to the host institution
• Two letters of reference need to be submitted by the referees
directly to stardust@strath.ac.uk or to the host institution
• Incomplete applications will not be considered and no feedback will
be provided
18
How to apply• Early-Stage Researchers (ESR) must, at the time of recruitment, be
in the first four years (of full-time equivalent research experience) of
their research careers and have not yet been awarded a doctoral
degree
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• For all available positions, at the time of recruitment, applicants must
not have resided or carried out their main activity (work, studies, etc.)
in the country of the host institution (defined as the research institution
or company cited in the job posting) for more than 12 months in the 3
years immediately prior to the reference date
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How to apply• The post of Early-Stage Researcher is for 36 months, and will start
in Sept/Oct 2013
• May be done in conjunction with a doctoral degree at the host university
• Each ESR will include two 3-month internships to other institutions
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within the network
• There are 11 open positions for ESRs
• University of Strathclyde, University of Southampton (UK)
• Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata, Universitá di Pisa (Italy)
• Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (Spain)
• Astronomical Observatory of Belgrade (Serbia)
• DFKI (Germany)
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How to apply• Experienced Researchers (ER) must, at the time of recruitment:
• Have a doctoral degree or have at least four years of full-time equivalent
research experience, and
• Must have less than five years of full-time equivalent research experience
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overall (including the time spent during the PhD)
• For all available positions, at the time of recruitment, applicants must
not have resided or carried out their main activity (work, studies, etc.)
in the country of the host institution (defined as the research institution
or company cited in the job posting) for more than 12 months in the 3
years immediately prior to the reference date
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How to apply• The post of Experienced Researcher is for 24 months, and will start
in early 2014
• Each ER will include two 3-month secondments to other institutions
within the network
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• There are 4 open positions for ESRs
• Istituto di Fisica Applicata "Nello Carrara" (IFAC) del Consiglio Nazionale
delle Ricerche (Italy)
• Dinamica Srl (Italy)
• DEIMOS Space (Spain)
• University of Strathclyde (UK)
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How to apply• Once an application is submitted, it is evaluated to ensure the
candidate meets the required criteria, and is then assessed and rated
by a board
• Only valid applications will receive an acknowledgement email
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• Short-listed candidates will be notified and invited for an interview
approximately 2 months after the application deadline
• Successful candidates will then be offered a position(s)
• Unsuccessful candidates will be also notified by email, with feedback
available upon request
23
How to apply• Average fulltime salary including mobility allowance and training:
• €38000 a year for Early Stage Researchers for 36 months maximum
• €58500 a year for Experienced Researchers for 24 months maximum
• €700 (no family) or €1000(with family) per month of mobility allowance
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• Note: these figures are the average only. The exact salary, plus
benefits such as health insurance and pension depend on the host
institution and differ between countries.
• For ESRs, there is also an option to do a concurrent PhD
24
How to apply• More information including research areas and details of each post
are available at:
• http://www.strath.ac.uk/stardust/jobs
• http://ec.europa.eu/euraxess/index.cfm/jobs/index (search for ‘Stardust’)
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Deadline for applications for ESR positions: 31 May 2013
Deadline for applications for ER positions: 15 Sept 2013
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How to applyInternational
Stardust
conference
Network
training
school
Opening
training
school
Milestone
Training Events
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Local
training
workshop
Global
virtual
workshop 26International
Stardust
conference
• The activities of the researchers startNetwork
with
training
an Opening Training School (OTS) that will
school
Opening encompass all the technical domains of
training the research network.
• Milestone
school
The school is intended to give an overview
Training
the keyEvents
subjects underpinning the
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monitoring and removal/deflection of
debris and asteroids.
• The OTS will be organised by the
University of Strathclyde and will Local training
workshop
specifically address the initial training of
the researchers.
• The school will last for 1 week
Global virtual
workshop
27International
Stardust
conference
• Following the OTS, there will be two other Network
schools, held annually, specifically training
school
devoted to cover each of the 3 research
Opening
areas
training
Each school will consist
•school of:
Milestone
• Series of short lecture courses on
Training Events
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more advanced topics, given by
experts in the field
• Series of seminars whose aim will be
to give the researchers a broad
Local training
overview of the network projects that workshop
they will be contributing to
• Round tables with representatives of
the prime industries and agencies
such that theyvirtual
Global can provide their point
workshop
of view as decision makers 28International
Stardust
conference
• Local training workshops (LTW) are
formative learning experience in which
Network
researchers are brought together to work training
on the development of a multidisciplinary school
Opening project
training• These workshops answer to the need to
school
Milestoneto the
prepare the researchers
Training
of a realEvents
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development project in which the
acquired knowledge needs to be applied
to the solution of practical problems
• They will train the researchers to work in
Local
team with a common goal and taking up training
different roles (team leader, project workshop
manager, domain specialist, etc.)
Global virtual
workshop
29International
Stardust
conference
• GVW will be joint workshops including
video conferences with one or more
institutions outside Europe Network
• During the video conferencetraining
researchers
school
will deliver presentations and attend the
Opening
training presentations of the working groups in the
school extra-European countries
Milestone
This network will be able to involve many
Training• Events
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more scholars than what could be invited
as visiting researchers, broadening the
training experience to many more sources
of knowledge
Local training
• Each workshop will run for 4 days atworkshop
different locations around Europe
Global
virtual
workshop 30International
Stardust
conference
Network
training
• The International Stardust Conference is school
the closing event of this ITN with the
Opening
involvement of all the partners
training
school
Milestone
• The main aim Training Events
to present the work of the
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ITN to peers and colleagues world-wide,
and to exchange information on the
current and predicted future state of the
art of space debris and asteroid mitigation Local training
workshop
Global virtual
workshop
31How would you deflect an asteroid? Better yet, capture and
control it? Mine it for resources?
• Effective technologies for asteroid manipulation and material extraction will be
developed to protect and support our planet.
How can we dispose or re-engineer space debris?
• Recycling doesn’t apply only to your household waste. Innovative methods of disposing
of or reusing space debris will be developed to keep our space clean.
How do you control something that doesn’t want to be controlled?
• Both asteroids and space debris are tumbling uncooperative objects. Cutting edge
optimisation techniques, combined with new ways of incorporating uncertainties will be
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used to design optimal strategies to control and manipulate asteroids and space debris.
What happens when a piece of debris or an asteroid enters
the atmosphere?
• Advanced technics for computational fluid dynamics under uncertainty will be
developed to accurately predicting the impact of a re-entry object on the ground.
2 Early Stage Researcher and 1 Experienced
Researcher positions are now open
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University of StrathclydeCan you create a system that can predict an impact?
• A European system of collision avoidance for satellites does not exist… yet!
What is the risk of debris hitting a satellite? What happens
when the collision creates more debris?
• The Kessler syndrome is a scenario in which the number of space debris is high
enough that collisions between objects could cause a cascade
• One implication is that the distribution of debris in orbit could render space
exploration, and even the use of satellites, unfeasible for many generations.
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The University of Pisa is currently ranked 1st nationally, in the top
30 in Europe and top 300 in the world
• The team has internationally recognized experience in the creation of new algorithms
for orbit determination and in performing impact monitoring for near-Earth asteroids
2 Early Stage Researcher positions are now open
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University of PisaHow do asteroids spin? What factors affect their motion?
• Rotational and orbital dynamics of Near-Earth Objects (NEO) and space debris is
strongly chaotic, being affected by complex spin-orbit couplings, orbit perturbations
and, in the case of asteroids, close encounters with major planets
Can the pressure of light from the Sun be enough to alter an
orbit?
• The Yarkovsky effect, first noted in 1900, is when the warmer side of an asteroid or
meteor, illuminated by the Sun, will emit heat which is enough to alter the spin of an
asteroid, and ultimately its orbit
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Tor Vergata is a unique research environment and one of the most
dynamic aggregations in the country
• Home to the Italian Space Agency Headquarters, National Institute for Astrophysics
and the European Space Agency Centre for Earth Observation
2 Early Stage Researcher positions are now open
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University of Rome Tor VergataWhat is the impact of an impact?
• Whether it is space debris hitting a active satellite, or an asteroid hitting the Earth, it
is vital that we understand the consequences of an impact. Advanced simulation
models will be developed to better understand the consequences of an impact.
Which technologies do we need to dispose of space debris or
deflect asteroids?
• Autonomous proximity operations, area augmentation devises, passive deorbiting
techniques, these only some of the advanced technologies that will be developed to
address the disposal of space debris and deflection of asteroids
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Southampton is one of the top 15 research universities and one of
the leading entrepreneurial universities in the UK
• One of the key centres for space debris in Europe, the University of Southampton
covers a number of underpinning areas of research from propulsion to
astrodynamics, from robotics to space systems
2 Early Stage Researcher positions are now open
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University of SouthamptonHow do you predict the path of asteroid? What effect does other
planets have on the orbit?
• Investigate promising orbit propagation methods based on advanced orbital
dynamics formulations
Can you develop models to determine where a piece of space
debris will be in 1 week? 1 month? 1 year? 10 years?
• Come up with new techniques for orbit determination using computer algorithms to
simulate and predict the location of space debris
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UPM has a strong commitment to R&D and innovation
• The university has over 225 research units and over 10 Research Institutes and
Technological Centres
1 Early Stage Researcher position is now open
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Universidad Politécnica de MadridWhere do Near Earth Asteroids come from? Where did the
originate, and what placed them on an orbit near Earth?
• Violent collisions among asteroids inject fragments into powerful resonances, which
are then responsible for transport of these bodies inside the region of the terrestrial
planets
• Identifying from which family particular NEA may have originated is of great
importance to predict the characteristics of a possible impactor
AOB is one of the oldest scientific institutions in Serbia, founded
in 1887
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• Scientific fields range from dynamical astronomy and planetology, astrophysics of
stars and Sun, stellar, interstellar and intergalactic matter, to cosmology and
astrobiology
1 Early Stage Researcher position is now open
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Astronomical Observatory BelgradeHow can you operate side-by-side with a piece of space debris?
• Work will to be done to develop software algorithms for AI onboard the spacecraft
such that you can ensure a secure, synchronized and controlled approach to a free-
flying, uncooperative object
What guidance and control do you need to rendez-vous with an
asteroid?
• Advanced GNC techniques for a spacecraft will be developed, which is critical when
working in close proximity to an irregular-shaped asteroid
Robotics to save the planet?
• Removing space debris by using robotics is a key field of research within DFKI, this
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will be extended to examine using contact technology to deflect asteroids
One of the largest non-profit research institutes in the field of
innovative software technology and artificial intelligence
• The Robotics Innovation Centre (RIC) maintains a space exploration lab which
features a test stand for satellite rendezvous-and-capture, a lunar surface test area,
and an ISS mock-up
1 Early Stage Researcher position is now open
German Research Centre for 38
Artificial Intelligence (DFKI)What is the most effective way to deal with space debris?
• Active debris removal is currently seen as the most viable remediation measure to
limit, and possibly stop, the growth of the space debris population
• The removal of objects from space is often a highly complex and expensive task;
computer simulations will be developed to assess the different strategies and
determine which is the best one to use under what circumstances
What happens to clouds of debris in the short term? Long term?
• The dynamical and collisional evolution of a cloud of fragments in Low Earth Orbit
will be studied and modelled in a computer simulation environment
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The “Nello Carrara” Institute of Applied Physics is part of the
National Research Council, the main public organisation pursuing
research and innovation in Italy
• The main objectives of the Institute are to produce research at an international level,
and innovation for the national economic system
1 Experienced Researcher position is now open
39
Italian Institute of Applied PhysicsCan you optimise the required control for a spacecraft in order to
actively remove debris? For an asteroid deflection missions?
• Advanced trajectory design methods will be developed to perform the preliminary
mission analysis of trajectories to asteroids and space debris
• Nonlinear and stochastic optimal control techniques will be developed to address the
spacecraft control needed for uncooperative targets
Dinamica is a young Italian SME located in Milan, Italy
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• One of the main aims of the company is transfer technology from the space
framework to the industrial applications, with particular attention to methodologies
and techniques to cope with complex problems
1 Experienced Researcher position is now open
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Dinamica SrlCatch a lift to an asteroid?
• A host of different approaches will be used for the design of the trajectory from
launch to the rendez-vous with the asteroid, including using low versus high thrust
propulsion
Sit, stay? What do you do with the spacecraft once you reach the
target asteroid?
• We will design numerous possible operation orbits, specifically looking for stabile
orbits where the spacecraft can remain using a minimum amount of control
• A high degree of precision is needed, leading to the development of high fidelity
models for orbit prediction
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Deimos was involved in the mission concept studies for the ESA
Don Quijote mission on kinetic impact mitigation
• Expertise in key areas of: mission analysis, mission requirements definition, GNC,
ground-based and autonomous operations, NEO risk assessment, NEO threat
mitigation strategies, radio-science experimentation and asteroid characterisation
1 Experienced Researcher position is now open
41
Deimos Spacewww.linked-in.com
The asteroid and space debris research and training network
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eu
Stardust ITN
stardust@strath.ac.uk
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