Transport South Africa Yearbook 2015/16 - South Africa Yearbook 2015/16
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Transport
South Africa Yearbook 2015/16
Transport
South Africa Yearbook 2015/16 437Transport
The Constitution identifies the legislative respon- Transport policy to unlock the country’s maritime
sibilities of different levels of government with potential and support trade imperatives.
regard to airports, roads, traffic management The department was finalising the National
and public transport. Transport is a function Transport Master Plan (NATMAP). It will
that is legislated and executed at all levels of constitute a long-term plan to position transport
government. In addition, for transport functions as an enabler for social and economic
at national level, most of the implementation development by rolling out infrastructure and
takes place in public entities that are overseen services that respond to the needs of all South
by the Department of Transport (DoT), each with Africans and ensure the country meets its
a specific delivery mandate. millennium development goals (MDGs).
The 1996 White Paper on Transport defines NATMAP will focus on integrated transport
the different subsectors in the transport sector. planning to ensure that the different modes of
Broadly, these are the infrastructure and transport complement each other.
operations of rail, pipelines, roads, airports and NATMAP and the NDP, which sets out critical
harbours, as well as the cross-modal operations national policy goals to be achieved by 2030.
of public transport and freight. The DoT is Both call for implementing the user-pay principle
responsible for the legislation and policies for all in a manner that does not crush the working class
these subsectors. and poor people. Within the prevailing economic
The DoT’s strategic goals are to: climate, the fiscus alone is not able to finance
• ensure an efficient and integrated infrastructure the infrastructure backlog in South Africa.
network that serves as a catalyst for social and
economic development. Legislation
• ensure a transport sector that is safe and For the cross modal functions of public transport
secure. and freight, the guiding documents are the
• improve rural access, infrastructure and National Land Transport Act, 2009 (Act 5 of
mobility 2009), the public transport strategy and the
• improve public transport systems national freight logistics strategy.
• increase the contribution of the transport The DoT is further guided by the following
sector to job creation legislation and policies:
• increase the contribution of the transport • The Transport Laws and Related matters
sector to environmental protection. Amendment Act, 2013 (Act 3 of 2013) aims,
Sound and solid transport infrastructure among other things, to amend the Cross-
remains crucial to generating economic growth, Border Road Transport Agency to collect toll
alleviating poverty, reducing inequality and on behalf of the South African National Roads
increasing domestic and international competi- Agency (Sanral).
tiveness. • The National Land Transport Act, 2009 (Act 5
Transport infrastructure and services support of 2009) clarifies the concurrent roles and
economic growth and development by connecting responsibilities of the different spheres of
people and goods to markets. The development government in relation to public transport. It
and maintenance of an efficient and competitive also consolidates public transport planning,
transport system is a key objective of the National service delivery, regulation and monitoring in
Development Plan (NDP) and of Outcome 6 (an the municipal sphere, establishes the national
efficient, competitive and responsive economic and provincial public transport regulators,
infrastructure network) of the 2014 – 2019 and enhances overall transport regulatory
Medium Term Strategic Framework (MTEF). functions.
To support this objective over the medium • The incorporation of the Shosholoza Meyl
term, the DoT will focus on maintaining the train service and the Autopax long-distance
national and provincial road networks, upgrading bus services into Passenger Rail Agency of
rail infrastructure and services, and expanding South Africa (Prasa) was finalised in the Legal
road based public transport. Succession to the South African Transport
The implementation of transport functions at Services Amendment Act 2008, (Act 38 of
the national sphere takes place through public 2008).
entities as well as strategies that are overseen • The National Road Traffic Amendment Act,
by the department. 2008 (Act 64 of 2008) and the Cross-Border
The DoT’s effort to make transport the Transport Amendment Act, 2008 (Act 12 of
heartbeat of the economy continues. 2008) allow for better road-traffic enforcement
The department will implement the Maritime and improved cross-border regulation.
South Africa Yearbook 2015/16 438Transport • The pilot project for the implementation of the Bill forms part of an initiative to replace the Administrative Adjudication of Road Traffic third party compensation system currently Offences (Aarto) Act, 1998 (Act 46 of 1998), administered by the RAF with a new scheme a demerit point system for traffic offences, that is reasonable, equitable, affordable and has been rolled out in the municipal areas sustainable. of Tshwane and Johannesburg. The system is expected to be extended to all municipal Budget areas following the establishment of the Road Highlights of the 2015/16 financial year included Traffic Infringement Agency (RTIA), which will transport and logistics infrastructure accounts administer the system. for nearly R292 billion over the next three years. • The Civil Aviation Act, 2009 (Act 13 of 2009), By mid-2016, Transnet was in the process of was promulgated to harmonise and rationalise acquiring 232 diesel locomotives for its general safety and security legislation for aviation to freight business and 100 locomotives for its coal ensure compliance with International Civil lines. R3,7 billion was allocated to upgrade the Aviation Organisation (ICAO) standards. Moloto Road, R30 billion for provincial roads • The Air Service Licensing Amendment Act, maintenance, R18 billion for bus rapid transit 2008 (Act 21 of 2008), addresses corporate projects in cities and refurbishment of over governance issues relating to the Air Services 1 700 Metrorail and Shosholoza Meyl coaches. Licensing Council. The department plans to In the 2015/16 financial year, the depart- implement the airlift strategy and improve ment’s budget was R53,7 billion, a 6% increase aviation safety and compliance with the in real terms compared to the 2014/15 financial standards set by the United States of America year. Government has made an unprecedented (USA) Federal Aviation Administration’s commitment to high levels of funding over the international aviation safety assessment, and next MTEF period, with the budget expected to by the ICAO, an organ of the United Nations increase to R59,3 billion or (11%) by 2017/18. (UN). The breakdown of the budget was as follows: • The Road Accident Fund (RAF) Amendment • road infrastructure at R22,7 billion Act, 2005 (Act 19 of 2005), came into effect in • rail at R18,3 billion August 2008 with the publication of regulations • public transport at R11,5 billion guiding, primarily, the assessment of injuries. • civil aviation at R149 million The Act creates an equitable, affordable • maritime at R111 million. and sustainable system for victims of road Road infrastructure damaged by disasters would accidents and their families. In November be rehabilitated at a cost of R647,9 million 2009, Cabinet approved the policy to provide over the medium term, through an additional benefits to road-accident victims as a form allocation to supplement the reprioritisation in of social security and to move away from the the provincial roads maintenance grant. Overall, current fault-based systems. spending on transfers in the Road Transport • The RAF (Transitional Provisions) Act 2012, programme was expected to increase to R25,3 (Act 15 of 2012) provides for transitional billion in 2017/18. measures regarding certain categories of third The programmes of the DoT are mainly parties whose claims were limited to R25 000 implemented through the 13 transport public under the RAF Act, 1996 (Act 56 of 1996) prior entities as well as provinces and municipalities, to 1 August 2008. making transfers and subsidies the largest • In May 2014, the DoT published a revised expenditure item in the budget. version of the Road Accident Benefit Scheme (RABS). The Bill proposed that the Road Role players Accident Benefit Scheme Administrator The DoT has established 12 public entities to replace the Road Accident Fund. The new deliver on certain elements of government’s regulations, rules and forms were drafted operational activities, namely the Airports to enable a better understanding of how the Company South Africa (Acsa), Air Traffic and proposed scheme would operate in practice. Navigation Services (ATNS), the Cross-Border The RABS Bill provides for a new no-fault Road Transport Agency (CBRTA), Prasa, the benefit scheme and a new Administrator Ports Regulator, the Railway Safety Regulator called the Road Accident Benefit Scheme (RSR), the RAF, the RTIA, the Road Traffic Administrator (RABSA), which will replace Management Corporation (RTMC), the South the current Road Accident Fund and compen- African Civil Aviation Authority (SACAA), sation system administered by it. The RABS the South African Maritime Safety Authority South Africa Yearbook 2015/16 439
Transport
(SAMSA) and Sanral. These entities report 2018/19, and allow for more than 22,3 million
to the Minister of Transport. Commercial role passengers departing from airports operated by
players include Transnet, South African Airways the company in South Africa by 2018/19.
(SAA) and SA Express (SAX). The company employs about 3 300 personnel;
this number was expected to remain constant
Airports Company South Africa over the medium term, although expenditure
Acsa is regulated in terms of the Airports on compensation of employees was expected
Company Act, 1993 (Act 44 of 1993) and the to increase from R989,2 billion in 2015/16 to
Companies Act, 1973 (Act 61 of 1973), and is R1,3 billion in 2018/19 at an average annual
listed as a schedule 2 public entity in terms of the rate of 8,7%.
Public Finance Management Act, 1999 (Act 1 of South Africa’s complete airport network
1999). The company was formed to own and consists of 135 licensed airports, 19 military
operate the nine principal South African airports, airports and up to 1 300 unlicensed aerodromes.
including the three main international gateways The following domestic interventions and
of OR Tambo International, Cape Town Interna- expansion of its footprint around South Africa
tional and King Shaka International airports. was planned for 2016/17:
OR Tambo International Airport is the main • the takeover of management services of
international air gateway into South Africa and Mthatha
the Southern African Develop Community • the compilation of Wonderboom airport
(SADC) region. The airport processes almost security manual
20,4 million passengers and over 224 000 • the acquisition of additional land at
aircraft a year. R236 million for Cape Town International
In 2016, O.R. Tambo International Airport Airport’s future expansion
was awarded fourth place in the Best Airport • the injection of R1,3 billion into airports for
ACI-ASQ Awards for Middle East and Africa. refurbishment and design planning
Cape Town International Airport in the Western • the creation of 25 000 jobs for terminal and
Cape has developed a strong regional presence runway expansion projects at Cape Town and
through established business networks and OR Tambo International Airports.
partnerships. It handles an annual passenger Acsa will spend R7,6 billion on infrastructure
throughput of over 9,6 million people and more improvements at major international airports
than 100 000 aircraft. over the next three years.
Cape Town International Airport was awarded
second place in the Best Airport ACI-ASQ TEXT BOX
Awards for Middle East and Africa. As part of the DoT’s contribution to the 2015 Nine
King Shaka International Airport, located to Point Plan, with specific focus on addressing
the north of Durban, is a greenfield handling South Africa’s energy challenges, Acsa and
over 4,9 million passengers and nearly 50 852 Prasa invested in the following projects:
aircraft. • the 750 kilowatts George Airport solar plant,
In 2013, 2015 and 2016, Skytrax awarded costing R16 million
King Shaka International Airport the prestigious • the Kimberley and Upington Airports Solar
“Best Airport in the World Handling Under 5 Plants, both 500 kilowatts, are completed and
Million Passengers” title. The airport was also ready for commissioning
awarded fifth place in the Best Airport ACI-ASQ • planned installation of solar panels in all South
Awards for Middle East and Africa. African airports – which will be propelled by
Acsa aims to provide safe and secure services more investment in airport infrastructure
and infrastructure for passengers and airlines to and the finalisation of the National Airports
transport people and goods. It plans to achieve Development Plan
this through the effective use of existing airport • Wolmerton, one of Prasa’s biggest railway
infrastructure and infrastructure improvements. depots in Gauteng after Braamfontein, houses
Over the MTEF period, the company plans the new rolling stock and trains that have been
to refurbish runways, taxiways and aprons at received as an output of the Gibela contract.
all airports, realign the runway at Cape Town In March 2016, a R23 million rand 1 MW solar
International Airport and build additional remote plant was successfully completed to power
aprons at OR Tambo International Airport. this facility.
These investments are expected to allow for These projects will go a long way in contributing
an increase in the number of aircraft arriving at to the 42% target of South Africa’s power needs
airports from 278 451 in 2015/16 to 301 255 in through Renewable Energy Sources by 2030.
South Africa Yearbook 2015/16 440Transport
In September 2015, the Mafikeng Airport in the North West agreements, concluded with various SADC
i went back ito being fully operational, with regular flights to
OR Tambo International Airport and Pilanesburg Airport.
This formed part of the provincial government’s broader
plan to reposition, rebrand and renew the province with
member states and in line with the stipulations of
the SADC Protocol on Transport Communication
and Meteorology.
The CBRTA is positively positioned to aid
special focus on Mahikeng as the capital city.
SA Express scheduled flights from Mahikeng to
the South African economy by facilitating the
Pilanesberg and OR Tambo International Airport three movement of greater numbers of goods and
times a week; on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. passengers, and harmonising standards with
neighbouring countries, thus increasing the
value of trade between South Africa and the
Air Traffic and Navigation Services SADC.
The ATNS was established in terms of the Air
Traffic and Navigation Services Act, 1993. Its Passenger Rail Agency of South Africa
mandate is to provide safe, orderly and efficient Prasa’s mandate is contained in the Legal
air traffic navigational and associated services Succession to the South African Transport
to the air traffic management community. It does Services Amendment Act, 2008.
this on behalf of the state and in accordance The Act requires the agency to, at the request
with the ICAO standards and recommended of the DoT, provide rail commuter services within,
practices, and the South African civil aviation to and from South Africa in the public interest.
regulations and technical standards. In consultation with the DoT, it also provides for
The company’s strategic goals are to: long-haul passenger rail and bus services within,
• provide safe, efficient and cost effective to and from South Africa. The agency leverages
air off its assets to generate income, and to have
• traffic management solutions and associated due regard for key government social, economic
services and transport policy objectives.
• expand the company footprint to cover Africa The agency’s strategic goals are to:
and the Indian Ocean region. • invest in new capacity such as modern trains,
In 2015/16, the ATNS celebrated 23 years of signalling and telecommunications systems,
providing safe air navigation service to 10% of infrastructure, transit-orientated developments,
the world’s airspace. new generation stations, access control and
ATNS has also adopted the promotion of other operating systems
mathematics and physical science as its flagship • unlock the value of assets, such as the telecom
project, aimed at increasing the pool of potential munications network and the property portfolio
candidates who can be attracted and trained as • effect key operational efficiencies for improved
the Air Traffic Controllers. Since its inception in service delivery
1993, the company has renewed the majority • modernise operations in critical areas such as
of the national communication, navigation, ticketing, cabling, booking systems and energy
surveillance and air traffic management regeneration.
infrastructure. • achieve financial sustainability through
ATNS trains air traffic controllers from South improved revenue generation.
Africa, Africa and the Africa-Indian Ocean area. Prasa owns 2 280 km of South Africa’s rail net-
South Africa is one of the 36 council members work and uses some of the 22 000 km of rail
of the ICAO Council, serving under Part II and track under the control of Transnet. It has 585
is committed to regional aviation safety, security train stations and a total fleet of 4 735 coaches,
and environment issues. with an overall staff complement of 18 207.
The NDP acknowledges that the Gauteng-
Cross-Border Road Transport Agency Durban corridor is vital to the future of the
The CBRTA was created to regulate cross border national economy, and should be designated as
road transport through advising, facilitating and a national competitiveness corridor. It accounts
law enforcement. for about 46% of gross domestic product and
The CBRTA is playing a major role in promoting would build on the DoT’s 2050 Vision for the
economic development within the SADC through Durban-Gauteng freight corridor. The corridor
facilitating access to cross-border markets and is to be integrated as part of the anticipated
improving the regulatory environment for trade transnational Durban-Dar es Salaam corridor.
and transport. According to the NDP, by 2030, the
Cross-border road transport is regulated Durban-Gauteng-Free State logistics corridor
through multi- and bilateral road transport should exemplify how to strengthen and optimise
South Africa Yearbook 2015/16 441Transport
freight corridors. As the corridor that handles One-hundred-and-forty-eight locomotives was
most of the country’s high-value freight, it is the expected to be delivered in 2016, with 492 in
first priority. It is also the most strategic corridor 2017 and 424 in 2018.
to achieve a shift of freight from road to rail. The group asserts that the locomotives will
In support of this, Transnet will revive and have 55% local content, making them the “most
open some key railway lines, such as the Mthata- African” locomotives of their kind.
Amabhele line, Sterkstroom-Maclear line, In total, the localisation elements are expected
Cookhouse-Blaney line, Stormberg-Rossmead to contribute over R90 billion to the economy
line, Rossmead-Klipplaat line, Klipplaat-Port and create about 30 000 jobs.
Elizabeth line and Alicedale-Grahamstown line. Furthermore, as part of the revitalisation of the
South Africa is improving passenger rail ser- passenger rail system, operational subsidies of
vices by overhauling its fleet of passenger trains. R13,5 billion for Metrorail and Shosholoza Meyl
This is in line with the NDP and the country’s would be transferred to Prasa over the medium
infrastructure investment plan to upgrade key term. This would subsidise over 500 million pas-
infrastructure. senger trips per year in 6 metropolitan cities, and
The planned rail upgrades will restore the 700 000 long-distance passengers.
sector’s safety and reliability, and will not only Government will be spending in the region of
improve the lives of commuters, but encourage R51 billion on new rail rolling stock and R4 bil-
the use of public transport. lion on new hybrid locomotives in the next five-
Rail infrastructure investment is being pri- year period. To date, Prasa has taken delivery of
oritised to ensure it becomes the backbone of 13 of the 70 new locomotives.
the country’s passenger transport system. The The DoT’s intensive rail modernisation
Public Transport Strategy details the country’s programme provides uncontested evidence
move towards a high-quality Integrated Rapid of unprecedented potential job opportunities,
Transport Network, which includes taxis, buses localisation and industrialisation.
and trains at its heart. Prasa will over the next This is done with strong and developmental
10 years acquire 600 new commuter trains variables, such as the inclusion of women, youth
(3 600 coaches); over time Prasa plans to and people living with disabilities.
upfrade 7 224 coaches; the delivery of trains will Led by Prasa, the rail modernisation pro-
commence in the 2015/16 fiscal year. gramme is poised to deliver the following tangi-
The revitalisation of the passenger rail system bles:
will run parallel with the country’s drive to shift • A R13,5-billion subsidy in the medium term
the transport of freight from road to rail. Transnet for Shosholoza Meyl and Metrorail, with major
is investing R205 billion in its rail infrastructure, spin-offs of 500 million passenger trips in
making its freight rail division the fifth-largest in six metro areas, and 700 000 long-distance
the world. passengers
In March 2013, Transnet announced a project • the construction of a more than R1-billion train
involves the acquisition of 1 064 locomotives – manufacturing factory in Nigel, employing
599 electric and 465 diesel – for TFR’s General about 1 500 people, 99% of whom are South
Freight Business unit by 2018. Africans, 85% historically disadvantaged
Contracts for the project have been awarded individuals and 25% women
to consortiums led by four major international • the replacement of obsolete signalling and
locomotive manufacturers – General Electric development of new signals at a cost of
(GE), China North Rail (CNR), China South Rail R13,2 billion, which will greatly improve safety
(CSR) Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive and Bom- and make rail transportation an experience to
bardier Transportation (BT). cherish
GE South Africa Technologies will supply 233 • this signalling programme translates into
diesel locomotives; CNR Rolling Stock South 762 jobs, with another 150 for engineers and
Africa 232 diesel locomotives; CSR Zhuzhou artisans
Electric Locomotive 359 electric locomotives; • the Gauteng nerve centre in Kaalfontein,
and BT South Africa 240 electric locomotives. which was handed over in October 2015, will
The contracts have strict local-content require- act as the signalling control hub of Prasa’s
ments of 40% each, with only 70 locomotives passenger rail network in Gauteng
to be internationally produced. The remainder • some 1 000 jobs from the Motherwell
would be produced at Transnet Engineering’s and another 325 from the Greenview-
Koedoespoort and Durban facilities, in Gauteng Pienaarspoort rail extensions
and KwaZulu-Natal respectively. • a further 2004 jobs from Metrorail and a
South Africa Yearbook 2015/16 442Transport
1 005 more from Shosholoza Meyl improved Its function includes:
services and station upgrades. • issuing and managing safety permits
• conducting inspections and audits
National Ports Regulator • investigating railway accidents
The NPR was established in terms of the • developing regulations, safety standards and
National Ports Act, 2005 (Act 12 of 2005). related documents which form the basis of the
Its primary function is the economic regulation regulatory regime
of the ports system, in line with government’s • issuing notices of non-conformance and
strategic objectives to promote equity of access non-compliance
to ports and to monitor the activities of the • imposing penalties for non-compliance with
Transnet National Ports Authority (TNPA). the Act and safety standards adopted by the
In accordance with this mandate, the NPR board of directors of the RSR.
performs certain functions and activities The RSR is central to the safety of both passen-
including: gers and the environment in the railway industry,
• regulation of pricing and other aspects of and to that end has taken a bold stand to adopt
economic regulation the vision “Aspiring to achieve Zero Occur-
• promotion of equity of access to ports facilities rences”. While collisions still remain a challenge,
and services in 2015/16 the number of collisions between
• monitoring the industry’s compliance with the trains declined by 44% from 2014/15
regulatory framework
• hearing any complaints and appeals lodged Road Safety and Road Accident Fund
with it. With road safety being a challenge, the depart-
In addition, the NPR is a key component of the ment is working on education, engineering and
ports regulatory architecture envisaged in the awareness campaigns to reduce the carnage
National Commercial Ports Policy. on South African roads. Fatalities and critical
The TNPA is the largest port authority in Africa. injuries mean more claims against the RAF. As
It owns and manages ports at Richards Bay, government continues to shape the basis for
Durban, East London, Port Elizabeth, Mossel its CSSS plans, there is an increased need for
Bay, Cape Town, Saldanha and Ngqura. the RAF to fulfil its socio-economic mandate,
The TNPA provides suitable infrastructure as while remaining financially sustainable,
a conduit for the country’s imports and exports. and being a customer-centric organi-
Besides being the port landlord, it also has a sation.
control function, which includes: The mandate of the RAF is derived from the
• providing vessel-traffic control and naviga- RAF Act of 1996 as the payment of compen-
tional aids sation for loss or damage wrongfully caused
• licensing and leasing terminals to operators by the driving of motor vehicles in South Africa.
• monitoring the performance of port operators The socio-economic mandate of the fund is to
• ensuring the orderly, efficient and reliable reintegrate victims of road accidents into society
transfer of cargo and passengers between sea from a health and economic perspective, and
and land. to protect wrongdoers and their families from
Based on the White Paper on the National financial ruin. The fund delivers on this mandate
Commercial Ports Policy (2002), the vision for by:
South African ports is to become a system of • paying the medical and related costs required
ports, seamlessly integrated in the logistics net- to restore road accident victims to health
work, that is jointly and individually self- • compensating the victim/s or their dependants
sustainable. for income or support lost as a result of the
The NPR functions with certain statutory accident
and non-statutory committees that concentrate • indemnifying the wrongdoer from liability
on aspects of its mandates. The NPR is an • paying general damages in instances where
independent regulator, within the context of the
prevailing policy and regulatory framework and The Chekicoast annual road safety arts competition hosted
it is funded by fiscal allocation from national
government.
Railway Safety Regulator
i by the South African National Roads Agency Limited (SAN-
RAL) aims to encourage learners to think about road safety
and to express their thoughts on responsible road behav-
iour through creativity. The competition is part of SANRAL’s
broader awareness programme to stimulate awareness
The Railway Safety Regulator is the custodian of and influence safe behaviour at an early age. (DoT)
railway safety in South Africa.
South Africa Yearbook 2015/16 443Transport
a person suffers a serious injury in a road orphans and many other dependants, previously
traffic accident and currently excluded by virtue of fault.
• paying funeral expenses to families when a
person dies as a result of a road traffic Road Traffic Infringement Agency
accident. The RTIA mandate is predicated on the objective
The fund’s strategic goals over the medium term of decriminalising road traffic infringements and
are to: dealing with them through administrative justice
• develop a legislative dispensation that is processes, thereby freeing the courts to deal
aligned with the principles of social security with more serious crimes, including excessive
• ensure that the organisation is solvent, liquid speeding and driving under the influence.
and sustainable by 2020 The RTIA’s objectives include:
• ensure that the organisation is customer • administering the procedures to discourage
centric, operationally effective and efficient by the contravention of road traffic laws and to
2017. execute the adjudication of infringements
The key objectives of the RAF Road Safety • enforcing penalties imposed against people
Strategy are to reduce the high rate of road contravening road traffic laws
accidents by becoming proactively involved • providing specialised prosecution support
in activities aimed at addressing road-safety services
behaviour and promoting road-safety principles • undertaking community education and
and effective law enforcement. The RAF’s community awareness programmes to ensure
Road Safety Strategy also creates a platform to that individuals understand their rights and
support the RAF core business, since post-crash options.
care is one of the pillars prescribed by the Global The pursuit of this mandate entails the
Road Safety Commission. It aims to: management and rollout of the Aarto Act,
• increase awareness of the RAF’s business 1998, which includes the implementation of the
and service offering by conducting ongoing driver points demerit system and rehabilitation
campaigns programmes.
• create a platform for all transport industry In 2016, the RTIA underwent a rebranding
stakeholders to assist the victims of road process to reposition itself as a unique major
accidents and their family members player and an independent adjudicator of traffic
• enhance the overall business strategy by infringements.The new corporate brand will
identifying key stakeholder groups and formalise the RTIA as the home of the Aarto
developing effective stakeholder engagement system, where motorists are educated and
channels to reach target audiences in a empowered on how to query and manage their
proactive manner. Infringements.
The RABS Bill, which provides for the In 2015, Cabinet approved the introduction
establishment of a new administrator, the of the Aarto Amendment Bill, which amends
Road Accident Benefit Scheme Adminis- the Aarto Act, 1998. The Aarto Amendment Bill
trator (RABSA), to replace the current RAF, aims to increase the efficiencies of the Aarto
was published for public comment in 2016. process that will address shortcomings that
Consultations sessions were held throughout were identified in the pilot sites, thereby paving
the country with various stakeholders. The Bill the way for a smooth national final rollout
proposes a comprehensive social security safety process.
net scheme that is not fault-based. The introduction of the Aarto Act, 1998 and
It will allow expanded access to much needed the points demerit system is aimed at inducing
benefits to road users. These include the public voluntary compliance to road traffic laws on the
and private transport passengers; widows, country’s roads. This process further requires
active involvement of motorists in dealing with
In 2015, the Road Traffic Management Corporation (RTMC)
i
outstanding traffic infringements.
sent 160 traffic officers “back to school” to improve road
safety and the quality of traffic officers who enforce the law
on South Africa’s roads.
Road Traffic Management Corporation
The four-month up-skilling programme was held in in The RTMC is responsible for coordinating
Heidelberg in Gauteng and focused on critical skills such road-traffic management across the three
as the examination of vehicles, the law, advanced driving, spheres of government. The core mandate of the
firearm handling and communications, among other things. corporation is to improve traffic-law compliance
The officers had their first certification ceremony in and reduce road fatalities.
December 2015. In line with the UN MDGs and the Moscow
South Africa Yearbook 2015/16 444Transport
Declaration on Road Safety in 2009, which Safety in June 2016, when all these provincial
calls for a Decade of Action for Road Safety, commitments was consolidated into a national
the corporation set itself goals over the medium programme. This progressive youth formation
term to reduce the road fatality rate by 25%. This led to a social media movement where the
objective would be achieved by: phrase “#BeingSafeIsCool” was coined.
• enforcing driver and vehicle fitness require-
ments South African Civil Aviation Authority
• coordinating effective prosecution of moving SACAA is mandated with controlling, promoting,
traffic violations regulating, supporting, developing, enforcing
• implementing the national traffic law enforce- and continuously improving levels of safety and
ment code. security throughout the civil aviation industry.
The RTMC’s Road Safety Advisory Council SACAA presented the revised Cross-
was launched in June 2015. Functional Accident Reduction Plan (CFARP)
The council will meet quarterly to provide aimed at reducing accidents in the general
inputs into the strategic direction, oversight and aviation sector, in a coordinated manner.
critical assessment of proposed road safety The new CFARP features the following:
initiatives and campaigns. • in-depth statistics gathered, however a
It’s aim is to: number of accident investigations remain
• identify policy needs, engineering, public open to complete the analysis.
education, enforcement and community • although not yet comprehensive, industry
engagements measures to deliver: activity is being captured by the SACAA to
• safer roads inform future strategies
• safer travel speeds • expanded scope of stakeholder consultation
• safer vehicles prior to the finalisation of the strategy
• safer drivers • more in-depth experience in dealing with
• overall safe road users accidents
• recommend to the CEO of the RTMC, the The revised CFARP still seeks to improve pilot
Shareholders Committee and relevant bodies competency development within the training
the process that should be taken to implement environment with the authority intensifying its
those measures oversight role over pilot training schools.
• evaluate the effectiveness of those measures Additionally, SACAA is considering the
• report to the CEO of the RTMC on its introduction of a standardised induction
operations and achievements. programme for all student pilots. The induction
As signatories to the UN Decade of Action on would ensure appropriate induction of
Road Safety, the RTMC rolled out the following prospective pilots, leading to the adoption of
interventions in 2016: positive attitudes and discipline.
• the National Road Safety Strategy
• the traffic officers training programme South African Maritime Safety Authority
• the harmonisation of traffic law enforcement SAMSA and the DoT are working on mobilising
• the anti-corruption programme. the maritime sector, organising its industries and
In addition, a series of Provincial Youth Summits drawing the attention towards what the sector
on Road Safety was implemented in May 2016, can contribute to the achievement of govern-
culminating in a National Youth Summit on Road ment’s social and economic goals.
SAMSA has successfully pulled together
In July 2015, the South African Civil Aviation Authority elements of the sector and created a cohesive
i (SACAA) issued the first pilot’s licence for remotely piloted
aircraft systems (RPAS).
Nicole Swart became the first person in South Africa,
Africa and in most parts of the world to receive such a
sense of the boundaries and drivers of the
country’s performance, with regional and interna-
tional positioning options.
The maritime economic sector is of central
licence, as many countries are still striving to come up with
regulations to administer RPAS. and strategic importance to the National Growth
RPAS are aircrafts that can fly without a pilot on board Path (NGP), the BRICS bloc and South Africa’s
and come in all sorts of shapes and sizes. RPAS can influential role within the African Union (AU),
be controlled remotely by an individual on the ground India-Brazil-South Africa bloc and the SADC.
or from another aircraft. Traditionally, remotely piloted The widening trade balance is to no small
aircraft systems were used primarily in military operations; measure because of a lack of focus on shipping
however, they can also be used for many other purposes
logistics and maritime transport. South Africa is
outside of the military.
the only country in all these partnerships that
South Africa Yearbook 2015/16 445Transport
The Vulindlel’eJozi programme launched in June 2015,
• maintaining, upgrading, operating, rehabilit-
i in partnership with Samsa and Operation Phakisa, is ating and funding the national roads
designed to empower the youth with entry-level job training • levying tolls to service toll roads
and placement in various sectors, online further education • managing concessionaires
and entrepreneurship skills development. • advising the Minister of Transport on road-
By April 2016, 15 124 young people had directly related matters
benefited from various opportunities created through the • creating public value.
Vulindlel’eJozi programme, Sanral was allocated R1,4 billion over the
At the same time, the programme also opened doors to
medium term tin terms of toll roads. R27,4 billion
maritime career opportunities for 10 Orange Farm youths,
who will pursue career skills development in maritime
was allocated to strengthen and improve the
economic sector jobs such as fishing, ship-building, marine national non-toll-road network.
conservation, cargo handling or the leisure sector. Sanral’s biggest project in 2016 was the
The 10 youths had reached the final stages of training Moloto Road/R573 development – a short- to
in swimming and hospitality under the Vulindlel’eJozi medium-term road upgrade plan at a cost of
programme and had already been through comprehensive R3,7 billion.
medical examinations and a series of interviews with MSC Other projects for 2015/16 included the
Cruises – one of the most prestigious operators in the world. following:
The aim was to expand opportunities to as many as
• the commencement of road construction
200 000 youths.
of the N2 Wild Coast, from East London to
Mtamvuna, with seven medium to big bridges
has no focused shipping and maritime transport and two mega bridges
sector policy and strategy and owns no ships. • an Environmental Impact Assessment of
By August 2015, three cargo vessels were the N3 De Beers Corridor to explore other
sailing the country’s flag, while the applications alternative engineering solutions to protect
for an additional 12 ships was under consid- and grow the economic viability of Harrismith
eration. and surrounding areas
The increase in South Africa’s registered • the construction of N1/N2 Toll Highway,
commercial cargo vessels is a strategic move to which created an 5 000 jobs, 72% thereof in
expand both training opportunities for the country the low-income stream, with 600 direct jobs
cadets as well as business trade opportunities. yearly, and 80% maintenance work for local
Through SAMSA the department continued sub-contractors
investing in intelligent surveillance breakthrough • the Ventersburg-Holfontein N1 upgrade,
technologies in ship tracking and maritime traffic costing R600 million
management. • rehabilitation of the N1 Holfontein-Kroonstad
In the two years since the launch of Operation interchange at a cost of R560 million, for
Phakisa, the country increased its focus on the completion in February 2018
opportunities provided by its more 3 000 km of • a R422-million Umdloti-Tongaat interchange,
coastline. which employed 334 locals at R46,5 million,
SAMSA struck a partnership with the Nelson trained 90 locals at R117 million, and gave
Mandela Metropolitan University and the opportunities to 12 black owned SMMEs to the
Department of Higher Education in a National value of R53 million.
Cadetship Programme. This has resulted in 124 One of the highlight’s of 216 was the completion
cadets being placed on 18 partner vessels.
History was made in 2016 in South Africa with the
South African National Roads Agency
Limited
South Africa has the tenth largest road network in
the world – 750 000 km. Sanral is responsible for
i successful qualification of the country’s first three black
women as commercial cargo vessel Master Mariners or
Ship Captains.
Tshepo Motloutsi, Thembela Taboshe and Pretty Molefe
received their colours as Master Mariners in March and
the national road network, which is 21 403 km. April 2016, respectively.
Out of these, 18 283 km (85%) are non-toll A Master Mariner or Ship Captain is the professional
roads and 3 120 km (15%) are toll roads. qualification required for someone to serve as the person
Sanral’s main strategic goal is to provide in charge or person in command of a vessel of more than
effective strategic road infrastructure to facilitate 3 000 gross tons.
development, commerce, mobility and access. Captains Motloutsi and Taboshe were at the time
Its functions include: employed by the South African Maritime Safety Authority
• being responsible for proclaimed national as ship surveyors in Durban, while Captain Molefe was with
the National Ports Authority.
roads
South Africa Yearbook 2015/16 446Transport
Sanral received among the highest accolades awarded by acquisition 1 064 locomotives from four original
i the South African Institution for Civil Engineering (SAICE)
for two major road development projects in KwaZulu-Natal.
The Umgeni Road Interchange upgrade project included
the building of four new road bridges and two pedestrian
equipment manufacturers, including General
Electric. An initial funding guarantee of R6-billion
was obtained from USA export credit agency,
US-Exim for the funding of diesel locomotives
bridges, the widening of Umgeni Road/M19 and the the company is buying from General Electric
construction of ramps on to the freeway.
(GE). This was a massive thumbs-up from the
The Umgeni project won the top accolade given by the
KwaZulu-Natal branch of SAICE and the prestigious Fulton
international investor community, affirming
Award from the Concrete Society of Southern Africa. Transnet’s creditworthiness and South Africa’s
The Candella Road Project was celebrated by SAICE attractiveness as an investment destination. The
in the Transportation category. The project formed part of guarantee is mainly intended for GE’s share of
Sanral’s “green roads” initiative, designed to reduce the the locomotives – which is 233 locomotives as
long-term environmental impact of road construction. well as other acquisitions from the manufacturer.
The locomotives are part of Transnet’s
locomotive fleet renewal programme – a
of the N7 upgrade between Vanrhynsdorp and key element of the company’s seven-year
Citrusdal. R312 billion investment programme.
This 133-km stretch of road is a key section In March 2015, Transnet announced a
of the N7, the major economic artery serving combined R13-billion funding for the locomotive
the West Coast, parts of the Northern Cape and acquisition programme. The funding was
Namaqualand (and linking South Africa and its raised in two agreements with various financial
northern neighbour Namibia) and was completed institutions in the country as well as others
at the end of 2015. from Canada and the USA. In the same month,
The upgrade is part of a phased approach Transnet completed assembling 95 electrical
to the improvement of the N7, stretching from locomotives as part of its long-term fleet renewal
Vanrhynsdorp in the north as far south as programme. Eighty-five of the locomotives were
Melkbosstrand. It should be completed in 2017 assembled in South Africa.
at an estimated total investment of R4,3 billion. At least 65% of the R2,7-billion contract value
Major improvements included the widening of of the project had been committed to local
the road from 6,6 m to 12,4 m. supplier development. A total of 190 people
Some 440 jobs were created, of which 120 are were trained in China and 260 were employed in
permanent and 320 were temporary. An amount assembling the locomotives.
of R240 00 was invested in the training of 267 In June 2015, it was announced that the
workers. China Development Bank would provide a $2,5
billion (R30 billion) loan facility to Transnet to
Transnet Limited fund the acquisition of locomotives from China
Transnet is a focused freight-transport and South Railway and China North Railway. The
logistics company wholly owned by the South acquisition of locomotives from China South Rail
African Government. and China North Rail forms part of the locomotive
It comprises the following operating divisions: acquisition programme.
• Transnet Freight Rail The two Chinese locomotive original
• Transnet Rail Engineering equipment manufacturing companies would be
• Transnet Port Terminals responsible for delivering 591 locomotives over
• Transnet Pipelines the next four years
• TNPA. Also in June 2015, Transnet signed a
In 2014, Transnet and the South African coal R2,8 billion loan with Germany’s KfW
unit of the mining company BHP Billiton agreed Development Bank to fund part of the locomotive
to a 10-year contract to export coal by rail. The acquisition programme. The proceeds of the
agreement with BHP was a massive boost for loan will fund the acquisition of 240 electric
Transnet’s capacity expansion programmes on locomotives Transnet will build with Bombardier
the export coal line. The agreement enabled in its manufacturing facilities in Durban,
Transnet to add nearly 10 Mt in capacity on KwaZulu-Natal.
the line, from an initial 73 Mt to 81 Mt over the
next seven years. The agreement equates to a South African Airways
contract value of approximately R2,4 billion a SAA is the leading carrier in Africa, serving
year and R24 billion over the 10-year period. 26 destinations across the continent, as well
In 2014, Transnet announced plans to as major destinations within South Africa and
South Africa Yearbook 2015/16 447Transport
internationally from its Johannesburg hub at Although the airline is operationally independent
OR Tambo International Airport and is a member of SAA, its flights are incorporated within the
of the largest international airline network, Star strategic alliance with Airlink and SAA.
Alliance. SAX became the first airline in the country to
SAA’s core business is the provision of adopt a new method of taxiing after landing that
passenger airline and cargo transport services burns less fuel and cuts fuel emissions.
together with related services, which are This simple but unusual method of using only
provided through SAA and its four wholly owned one engine to taxi off the runway to the terminal
subsidiaries: SAA Technical; Mango, its low-cost after landing, cuts the amount of fuel burned by
carrier; Air Chefs, the catering entity of SAA; and an average of 20 ℓ on every landing.
South African Travel Centre. A flight from Johannesburg to Bloemfontein
SAA’s long-term Turnaround Strategy is a typically uses 1 000 ℓ of fuel, so saving 20 ℓ is
three-phase implementation approach with a reduction of 2%, helping the airline to become
continuous and cyclical monitoring and review more cost-efficient.
over a 20-year period.
One of the key elements of the strategy was Programmes and projects
increased focus and emphasis on governance Road Transport Management System
and accountability. SAA believes these will go a (RTMS)
long way in restoring the airline’s reputation in The RTMS is an industry-led voluntary self-
the global markets and among its stakeholders. regulation scheme that encourages consignees,
This makes SAA one of the world’s leading consignors and road transporters to implement
carriers in the areas of environmental responsi- a management system that preserves road
bility and sustainability. infrastructure, improves road safety and
In January 2015, the SAA became the first increases productivity of the logistics value chain.
airline globally to install the Satellite Authori- This scheme also supports the Department of
sation System (SatAuth) that allows for secure Transport’s National Freight Logistics Strategy.
credit-card transactions anywhere in the skies. The system’s key components are load optim-
SAA installed the device on one of its Airbus isation, driver wellness, vehicle maintenance
A340-300 aircraft at the SAAT maintenance and productivity. It is designed to show transport
facility in Kempton Park, Johannesburg. companies how to take greater corporate re-
The system also provides pin-point accurate sponsibility for road safety.
aircraft tracking services for operational A national RTMS steering committee is
purposes. It will allow for secure credit card responsible for the promotion and adminis-
transactions at any point and real-time positioning tration of the RTMS in South Africa. It comprises
of any flight, anywhere, impacting fuel saving individuals representing major industries and
interventions in-flight as well as providing full aligned stakeholders within the country.
visibility of actual flight paths versus planned Road safety and road infrastructure are
routing at any time. SatAuth, the first product of public concerns subject to strict regulation by
its kind, was developed in South Africa. government. Overregulation, road deterioration
SAA is plannning to install SatAuth across its and high accident rates pose a significant threat
entire long-haul fleet over time. to the long -erm sustainability and global compet-
In January 2015, the Minister of Finance itiveness of the road logistics value chain.
approved an additional guarantee of This prompted users of road haulage
R6,488 billion for SAA, taking the total guarantees (consignors and consignees) and providers
granted to the airline to R14,4 billion. of road haulage (hauliers) to jointly develop
In May 2015, SAA signed an MoU with the strategies aimed at protecting the road network,
Department of Trade and Industry to develop improving road safety and transport productivity
and support inclusive supplier sourcing and for the benefit of the country’s citizens and the
procurement. Successful implementation of industry itself.
the three-year SAA Supplier Development The RTMS is a self-regulating scheme with
Programme will see up to 50% of all consumable standard rules that aim to become the business
supplies sourced from empowered enterprises norm, supporting the principles of good
by the end of 2018. corporate governance and ensuring that no one
gains an unfair advantage by poor compliance to
SA Express transport regulations.
SAX is a domestic and regional passenger Furthermore, industry recognises its critical role
and cargo carrier established on 24 April 1994. in the economy’s growth. Efficient movement of
South Africa Yearbook 2015/16 448Transport
goods between a country’s centres of production Electronic National Traffic Information
and its shipping ports boosts competitiveness in System (eNaTIS)
international markets. eNaTIS provides for the registration and
licensing of vehicles. It manages and records
National Transport Master Plan applications for and authorisation of driving and
The long-term vision of NATMAP 2050 is to learner’s licences.
sustain South Africa’s projected growth and It is also a law-enforcement tool used to
focus on integrated transport planning to ensure ensure that the details of stolen vehicles are
that the different modes of transport complement circulated and prevents irregular and fraudulent
each other. re-registration of such vehicles.
Government policies, plans and programmes, The system delineates the lifecycle of a
including the NDP and the NGP, enjoin the nation vehicle, from the factory floor to the scrap yard.
to create a social contract to help propel South It is compulsory for all new motor vehicles and
Africa to a higher developmental trajectory, as motor vehicles requiring a police clearance to be
well as build a more cohesive and equitable microdotted. The registration of a motor vehicle
society. introduced onto the eNaTIS by the manufacturer,
The transport sector is critical to realising the importer or builder is only allowed if the microdot
implementation of the 2030 vision of advanced information was loaded onto the system.
economic development, job creation, growth, The DoT and the South African Police Service
and provision of equitable access to opportu- (SAPS) would enforce the requirements through
nities and services for all, while fostering an eNaTIS.
inclusive society and economy. In November 2016, the Constitutional Court
ordered control of the eNatis Traffic Management
Public Transport Strategy System be handed over to the RTMC.
South Africa is on its way to becoming the first
country in Africa to have rapid public transport S’hamba Sonke Road Maintenance
networks. Such networks will not only change Project
the face of the country, but will boost economic The S’hamba Sonke (meaning “walking
development, job creation and tourism. together”) programme was launched by the DoT
South Africa’s Public Transport Strategy, in 2011 to address the backlog in road repairs.
which comprises a multibillion rand transport The programme, through the Provincial Roads
infrastructure plan, is set to entirely reshape Maintenance Grant, consists of three budget
travel in South Africa. At the core of the plan components. The largest enables provinces to
is a high-quality integrated mass rapid public expand their maintenance activities. The other
transport network that includes rail, taxi and components allow provinces to repair roads
bus services. The strategy aims to accelerate damaged by floods and cover the cost of rehabil-
the improvement in public transport by itation work created by coal haulage activities in
establishing integrated rapid public transport Mpumalanga and Gauteng.
networks (IRPTNs), which will introduce priority A new formula to allocate funds is being applied
rail corridors and Bus Rapid Transport (BRT) to all provinces. It is based on extent; condition;
systems in cities. topography; road traffic and weather conditions.
The Public Transport Strategy is expected to These factors reflect the different costs of
improve public transport services for more than maintaining road networks in each province.
half the country’s population. The grant has an allocation of R27,6 billion
The long-term goal of the strategy is to have over the MTEF, of which R9,8 billion was
85% of a metropolitan city’s population within allocated in 2015/16.
1 km of the network, and provide a transport The DoT, through the Rural Roads Asset
service that is clean, comfortable, reliable, fast, Management Systems grant, supports local
secure, safe and affordable. government in improving the planning and
As part of government’s commitment towards budgeting of rural roads infrastructure. The grant
rural development, the S’hamba Sonke funds the collection of accurate data on the
Programme addresses road maintenance condition and usage of rural roads in line with
on secondary roads and rural roads, with the Road Infrastructure Strategic Framework.
particular emphasis on repairing potholes, using
labour-intensive methods of construction and Scholar transport
maintenance. In recognition of the challenges confronting
learners who attend school far away from their
South Africa Yearbook 2015/16 449Transport
The lives of 1 500 learners in Westonaria Local Munici- including learners. Since the introduction of
i pality area were changed for the better on 25 June 2015
when Gauteng Department of Roads and Transport MEC
Ismail Vadi accompanied by Westonaria Executive Mayor,
Councilor Nonkoliso handed over bicycles to pupils who live
Shova Kalula, the DoT, in partnership with
provinces, municipalities and private sector,
has distributed more than 177 310 bicycles to
destitute learners, who travel long distances to
more than 4 km away from their respective schools as part their respective schools.
of the Shova Kalula National Bicycle Programme.
The project forms part of government’s action
programme and is expected to contribute to
homes, Cabinet approved the Learner Transport its antipoverty strategy and second-economy
Policy in May 2015. interventions. It is believed that these initiatives
In May 2015, Cabinet approved the Learner improve rural communities’ mobility and access
Transport Policy. Its aims are to: to economic opportunities.
• improve access to quality education by The department aimed to distribute a million
providing safe, decent, effective, and bicycles countrywide by 2015.
integrated sustainable learner transport The Shova Kalula Project also incorporates
• improve access to quality education through microbusinesses, which sell, repair and main-
a co-ordinated and aligned transport system tain bicycles to ensure the project’s sustain-
• improve planning and implementation of an ability.
integrated learner transport service In February 2016, Department of Environ-
• manage and oversee the implementation of an mental Affairs and KFW German Development
integrated learner transport service Bank launched the Second Phase of the
• ensure an effective management of learner Non-Motorised Transport Programme as part
transport system of South Africa’s National Climate Change
• provide for a safe and secure transport Response Policy, which sets the country’s vision
environment for learners through co-operation for an effective climate change response and
and collaboration with law enforcement the long-term transition to a climate resilient and
authorities. low-carbon economy and society.
• improve access to quality education by Phase 1 of the programme was initiated in
providing safe, decent, effective, and 2011 and focused on developing bicycle routes,
integrated sustainable learner transport; parking facilities and rental stations with a
• improve access to quality education through a view to promote non-motorised transport. The
coordinated and aligned transport system; outcome is to reduce carbon emissions, improve
• improve planning and implementation of an air quality; and advocate behavioural change
integrated learner transport service; towards a cleaner healthier lifestyle.
• manage and oversee the implementation of an Given the success of Phase 1, the DEA
integrated learner transport service; secured a grant of €5 million to finance a
• ensure an effective management of learner five-year NMT Phase 2 from KfW Development
transport system; and Bank, within the framework of the German-South
• provide for a safe and secure transport African bi-national Financial Cooperation.
environment for learners through co-operation Phase 2 will comprise of the extension of
and collaboration with law enforcement the existing bicycle networks, to contribute
authorities. towards efficient intermodal transportation
The 2015/16 budget for the programme was networks within the cities. It will further include
R2,3 billion. associated services such as the promotion of
SMME development through the establishment
Non-motorised transport of bicycle empowerment centres.
The promotion of NMT is mainly aimed at
increasing transport mobility and accessibility, Taxi Recapitalisation Programme
mainly in rural areas. The DoT has broadened its The TRP is an intervention by government to
Shova Kalula Project into a more comprehensive bring about safe, effective, reliable, affordable
NMT undertaking that incorporates, among other and accessible taxi operations by introducing
things, cycling and animal-drawn carts. new taxi vehicles designed to undertake public
The Shova Kalula (“Pedal Easy”) National transport functions in the taxi industry.
Bicycle Programme aims to improve mobility The TRP is not only about scrapping old
and access to basic needs as well as social and taxi vehicles, but also about how best to help
economic opportunities for people especially operators to benefit constructively through
in rural, remote and poorly resourced areas, empowerment. The compulsory requirements
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