Say that AI is the most im- portant future technology - are already using AI - IAV
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IAV Customer Magazine | 03/2020 73 say that AI is the most im- portant future technology. are already using AI.
2 Editorial | automotion automotion | Editorial 3 Editorial3 We can play our part in slowing down the spread of the virus. 6 Artificial Intelligence – The engine of the future 8 "Digitalization Enables Development Methods of a Completely New Dimension" 10 Dear readers, No Need to Look into a Crystal Ball 14 Where a lot of data is generated, The Reward Principle 16 the use of artificial intelligence is Transfer Learning Takes Digital Development to a New Level 18 hardly imaginable without it. Hybrid AI 20 Bundled AI Expertise at IAV 21 "We Do Not Want to be Presented For many companies, artificial intelligence (AI) is currently But AI not only enables new products and services, it also with the Finished Solution" 22 the most important future technology. Used in a correct enables development methods of a new dimension (page and responsible way, it offers enormous potential for new 10). Thanks to digitalization and increased computing Centimeter-accurate Localization and Real-time Mapping 26 products, services – and development methods. power, we can now use completely new development methods that offer completely new possibilities – for ex- "IAV Unites the IT and Automotive Worlds" 28 Katja Ziegler Platforms such as Netflix, Spotify and Amazon, for example, ample, for predictive maintenance of vehicles and engines President, CFO invest a great deal of effort in optimizing their algorithms (page 14) or with regard to future function development Automate Software Tests Faster with IAV GmbH so that they recommend films, music albums or products for control units (page 16). But these methods also sup- Artificial Intelligence 32 with the highest possible hit rate. The simple equation: The port our engineers: By combining expert knowledge with From the Simulation Environment more these platforms learn about our preferences, the the possibilities offered by AI, they obtain better results to the Vehicle in the Shortest Time 34 more accurate and better the suggestions become. The faster (page 20) and can use data-driven development quality is sometimes already astonishingly high. methods to carry out even more precise simulations Methodological Toolkit for and tests automatically, for example (page 18). And this Evaluating Future Driving Functions 36 However, while Netflix and Co can train their AI according in turn benefits our customers. Because the use of AI in Agile and Secure 38 to the principle of trial and error in the same way as a engineering is a catalyst that increases quality, reliability chess computer, vehicle development must choose more and the speed of the development process. Testing of Infotainment Systems Made Easy 39 demanding routes. Two major differences are decisive for this. Firstly, monitoring: In a chess game, the rules and All this requires a deep understanding of these technolo- Green Power for Sustainable Mobility 40 framework conditions are clear. Completely unexpected gies, basic research as well as networking and exchange New Emission Laboratory Can also Be Electric 43 events like in road traffic can be excluded. Secondly, the with universities and research institutes – something we extent of damage: The AI of a chess computer can make at IAV have been cultivating and expanding since our With Atomic Precision 44 millions of mistakes and learn from them. The consequence spin-off from the Technical University of Berlin (page 22). "We Have a Healthy Respect for the Task" 46 is a lost game. AI in a vehicle does not allow any mistakes, The speed of development in AI is enormous. Ongoing because the safety of us all is at stake. exchange, joint research and development in networks are Always Live – Thanks to IoT Platform and AI 48 crucial to keeping up with the latest technology. As vehicle and mobility developers, we bear a particularly On the Trail of the Virus 50 great responsibility. And so safety and reliability are our Our great strength is to master the most demanding cus- Harvest Time 51 top priority when using AI. In a safety-critical system like a tomer requirements and to reliably bring new solutions into vehicle, we cannot leave results and decisions to chance. series production. Together with our partners and custom- The Perfect Symbiosis 52 Dr. Ulrich Eichhorn Dr. Uwe Horn ers, we often break new technological ground. One thing, Despite the great challenges, AI has enormous potential, however, does not fall by the wayside: the responsibility Live: New High-voltage Composite Test Bench 54 President, CEO President, CHRO IAV GmbH IAV GmbH which is crucial for future market success. After all, most for the legal conformity of the engineering services we What Drives Our Customers in these Times 56 technologies and developments on the road to tomorrow's contribute to the product success of our customers. This mobility are often only possible today thanks to AI. It is a is ensured by a state-of-the-art compliance management IT in Transformation 58 key technology for automated driving and central to the system in which we at IAV have invested massively. Our smooth functioning of driver assistance systems. But it partners, customers and society as a whole can rely on this. From Clash of Cultures to the Best of Both Worlds 60 also helps vehicles find their way around in unknown or Matthias Kratzsch EMC as a Growth Market: rapidly changing environments (page 26). And it is the We hope you enjoy reading this report! New Test Center on the Way 64 President, CTO basis for smart voice assistants. In this way, AI helps to IAV GmbH make the driving experience safer and more convenient Our Engineering 66 and to gain time for other things. And OEMs of course also benefit from this, as their vehicles become more attractive. Our Product Range 68 IAV Diary: let's meet? 71
4 Content | automotion automotion | Content 5 Editorial 3 We can play our part in slowing down Driving forces the spread of the virus. 6 40 Artificial Intelligence – The engine of the future 8 From the Simulation Environment to "Digitalization Enables Development Methods of the Vehicle in the Shortest Time 34 a Completely New Dimension" 10 Methodological Toolkit for Evaluating No Need to Look into a Crystal Ball 14 Future Driving Functions 36 The Reward Principle 16 Agile and Secure 38 Transfer Learning Takes Testing of Infotainment Systems Digital Development to a New Level 18 Green Power for Sustainable Mobility Made Easy 39 Hybrid AI 20 Green Power for Sustainable Mobility 40 Increase efficiency to over 45 percent with biomethane. Bundled AI Expertise at IAV 21 New Emission Laboratory "We Do Not Want to be Presented Can also Be Electric 43 with the Finished Solution" 22 8 43 With Atomic Precision 44 Centimeter-accurate Localization and Real-time Mapping 26 "We Have a Healthy Respect for the Task" 46 "IAV Unites the IT and Automotive Worlds" 28 Super Power AI Always Live – New Emission Laboratory Automate Software Tests Faster with Thanks to IoT Platform and AI 48 Can also Be Electric Artificial Intelligence 32 What can AI do? Who can do AI? A quick introduction to the On the Trail of the Virus 50 From the Simulation Environment Editorial A new IAV test bench offers state-of-the- to the Vehicle in the Shortest Time 34 topic – status quo in Harvest Time 51 art measuring technology for all gaseous Germany and the world. Methodological Toolkit for standard emissions as well as for mass "We can play our part in slowing Evaluating Future Driving Functions 36 and number of particles. Hybrid and down the spread of the virus." 6 electric vehicles can also be tested. Agile and Secure 38 Trends Testing of Infotainment Systems Made Easy 39 Topic focus 48 Green Power for Sustainable Mobility 40 The Perfect Symbiosis 52 Artificial Intelligence – New Emission Laboratory Can also Be Electric 43 Live: New High-voltage The engine of the future 8 Composite Test Bench 54 With Atomic Precision 44 "Digitalization Enables Development "We Have a Healthy Respect for the Task" 46 Methods of a Completely Always Live – New Dimension" 10 Changing track Thanks to IoT Platform and AI Always Live – Thanks to IoT Platform and AI 48 No Need to Look into a Crystal Ball 14 On the Trail of the Virus 50 In a research project with partners, IAV What Drives Our Customers is investigating the flexibility potential The Reward Principle 16 Harvest Time 51 in these Times 56 of electric fleets and the possibilities Transfer Learning Takes Digital of intelligent grid integration. The Perfect Symbiosis 52 Development to a New Level 18 Live: New High-voltage Composite Test Bench 55 About IAV Hybrid AI 20 22 64 What Drives Our Customers in these Times 56 Bundled AI Expertise at IAV 21 IT in Transformation 58 IT in Transformation 58 "We Do Not Want to be Presented From Clash of Cultures to From Clash of Cultures to the Best of Both Worlds 60 with the Finished Solution" 22 the Best of Both Worlds 60 EMC as a Growth Market: Centimeter-accurate Localization EMC as a Growth Market: New Test Center on the Way 64 and Real-time Mapping 26 New Test Center on the Way 64 Our Engineering 66 "We Do Not Want to be Presented with the Finished Solution" "IAV Unites the IT and Our Engineering 66 Automotive Worlds" 28 EMC as a Growth Market Our Product Range 68 Dr. Matthias Neumann-Brosig, expert for Data Science at IAV, and Our Product Range 68 Sebastian Trimpe, Professor for Data Science in Mechanical Engineering at Automate Software Tests Faster with New IAV test center for electromagnetic IAV Diary: let's meet? 71 RWTH Aachen University, talk about the necessity of research networks. Artificial Intelligence 32 IAV Diary: let's meet? 71 compatibility planned in Heimsheim.
6 Editorial | automotion automotion | Editorial 7 Editorial 3 We can play our part in slowing down the spread of the virus. 6 Artificial Intelligence – The engine of the future 8 "Digitalization Enables Development Methods of a Completely New Dimension" 10 "We can play our part "IAV is financially sound. We No Need to Look into a Crystal Ball 14 in slowing down the are using the coronavirus The Reward Principle 16 spread of the virus." era as an opportunity to Transfer Learning Takes move up a gear in terms of Digital Development to a New Level 18 digitalization and efficiency Hybrid AI 20 Dr. Uwe Horn President, CHRO, IAV GmbH of our own processes." Bundled AI Expertise at IAV 21 Katja Ziegler "We Do Not Want to be Presented President, CFO, IAV GmbH with the Finished Solution" 22 Centimeter-accurate Localization and Real-time Mapping 26 "IAV Unites the IT and Automotive Worlds" 28 Automate Software Tests Faster with Artificial Intelligence 32 From the Simulation Environment to the Vehicle in the Shortest Time 34 Methodological Toolkit for "We at IAV are there R ising case numbers, new restrictions in public doing both very well: The incidence of infection at IAV Evaluating Future Driving Functions 36 life: The coronavirus pandemic still has a firm was and is under control and at the same time we have for our customers Agile and Secure 38 grip on both, society and the economy. Dr. enabled the majority of our employees to work remotely and ready for action Uwe Horn, Director of Labor Relations and Managing within a very short time. We have received much praise Testing of Infotainment Systems Made Easy 39 Director, explains how IAV as a company is dealing from our customers for this. – before, during and Green Power for Sustainable Mobility 40 with the situation. after coronavirus." For months, we have had to comply with the regulations: New Emission Laboratory Can also Be Electric 43 Anyone who can work meaningfully from home should Matthias Kratzsch A brief review: do so in close consultation with his or her superiors. President, CTO, IAV GmbH With Atomic Precision 44 How did IAV react in the initial phase of Over the summer, we allowed for a bit more flexibility in "We Have a Healthy Respect for the Task" 46 the coronavirus pandemic? close coordination in close coordination with our work team. However, when the number of cases in Germany Always Live – Thanks to IoT Platform and AI 48 When the virus broke out in China, the alarm bells also started to rebound in the fall, we returned to the original rang in Germany. Since January, we have had an inter- rule that anyone who can work from home should do so On the Trail of the Virus 50 disciplinary Covid-19 task force under the direction of when it makes sense. Harvest Time 51 occupational safety and HR and with the support of the works council and communication. The Perfect Symbiosis 52 How are you meeting the challenges In the initial phase, this team provided our colleagues at that coronavirus will undoubtedly Live: New High-voltage Composite Test Bench 54 continue to present to all of us? IAV in China in particular with advice and support. By the time coronavirus started to spread throughout Europe "Like any other crisis, What Drives Our Customers in these Times 56 and Germany, we were well equipped and well organized. We must remain vigilant and keep a close eye on the coronavirus acts as a catalyst IT in Transformation 58 further development of the pandemic. The number of cases in Germany and in many other places continues for change. We as an industry From Clash of Cultures to the Best of Both Worlds 60 What measures did the company take? to be a cause for concern. It remains difficult to forecast must seize the opportunity to EMC as a Growth Market: The effects of the coronavirus pandemic are manifold. the further development of the pandemic. But we can do our part to slow down the spread of the virus and shape this change together." New Test Center on the Way 64 Our measures are correspondingly broad-based. The thus protect our healthcare system. Our offer of remote Our Engineering 66 safety and health of our employees is our top priority. working helps in this respect, as does the close-meshed Dr. Ulrich Eichhorn At the same time, we want to maintain our ability to work information we provide to our employees or the corona- President, CEO, IAV GmbH Our Product Range 68 in the best possible way. So far, we have succeeded in virus testing capacities we have built up at IAV. IAV Diary: let's meet? 71
8 Topic focus | automotion automotion | Topic focus 9 Editorial 3 We can play our part in slowing down Artificial Intelligence AI strategy of the German government: the spread of the virus. Artificial Intelligence – The engine of the future 6 8 The engine of the future 1. G ermany as a leading location "Digitalization Enables Development Methods of a Completely New Dimension" 10 for AI technologies Berlin No Need to Look into a Crystal Ball 14 Dortmund, Sankt AI – desire and reality AI – here's what it involved 2. R esponsible development and use of AI Augustin, Bonn, BIFOLD The Reward Principle 16 73% 6% ML2R 3. E thical, legal, cultural and institutional Transfer Learning Takes embedding of AI in society Dresden/ Digital Development to a New Level 18 Leipzig ScaDS AI Five competence centers and the German Research Center for Hybrid AI 20 of the company are of the Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) strengthen Germany as a location Bundled AI Expertise at IAV 21 have been using AI for AI. opinion that AI is the most Big Data Kaiserslautern themselves so far. important future technology. DFKI "We Do Not Want to be Presented In addition, a large number of universities, institutes, research with the Finished Solution" 22 Source: https://www.bitkom.org/Presse/Presseinformation/ facilities and centers of excellence with a strong AI focus are Companies-find-Artificial-Intelligence-difficult-to-handle Machine establishing themselves – many of them in close cooperation Centimeter-accurate Localization and Learning Munich MCML with IAV. Tübingen/Stuttgart Real-time Mapping 26 Cyber Valley Deep Source: https://www.bmbf.de/de/kuenstliche-intelligenz-5965.html "IAV Unites the IT and Automotive Worlds" 28 In order for AI to function smoothly, an optimal interaction of Learning hardware and software is required. At IAV, the AI and IT specialist Automate Software Tests Faster with is taking over together with Germany's No. 1 provider of engineering Artificial Intelligence 32 cloud services: IAV subsidiary CPU 24/7. Neuronal The special quality: overcoming system limits with AI From the Simulation Environment Networks to the Vehicle in the Shortest Time 34 The currently fastest computers in the world: Methodological Toolkit for Evaluating Future Driving Functions 36 1. Supercomputer Fugaku (Japan) Vehicle AI: technical automation of intelligent behavior Agile and Secure 38 415.5 PetaFLOPS Smart development Smart Big Data: modern techniques for processing and evaluating Home 2. Summit (USA) 148.6 PetaFLOPS huge volumes of data Grid Testing of Infotainment Systems Made Easy 39 3. Sierra (USA) 94.6 PetaFLOPS Machine Learning: Algorithms for data analysis, pattern Green Power for Sustainable Mobility 40 4. Sunway TaihuLight (China) 93 PetaFLOPS 5. Tianhe-2A (China): 61.4 PetaFLOPS recognition and derivation of forecasts and decisions Artificial New Emission Laboratory Can also Be Electric 43 13. SuperMUC-NG (Germany): Deep Learning: Method of information processing for Intelligence 19.4 PetaFLOPS decision-making based on large neural networks Vehicle Vehicle With Atomic Precision 44 operation production Neural networks: multi-layered networks for data analysis "We Have a Healthy Respect for the Task" 46 based on the functioning of the human brain Date: June 2020; considered value: Rmax (PFLOP/s) Always Live – Thanks to IoT Platform and AI 48 Source: https://www.top500.org/lists/top500/list/2020/06/ Smart Cities On the Trail of the Virus 50 Harvest Time 51 AI makes the economy grow (forecast until 2030) Germany: Northern Europe: The Perfect Symbiosis 52 509 billion US dollars 1.8 trillion US dollars Those who invests stand to win Live: New High-voltage Composite Test Bench 54 11.3% growth 9.9% growth In the past five years, there has already been a lot What Drives Our Customers in these Times 56 of investment in future technologies. The top 3 in North America: AI tools international comparison: IT in Transformation 58 3.7 trillion US dollars The basis for customized solutions are power- 1st place: From Clash of Cultures to the Best of Both Worlds 60 ful AI tools. 14.5% growth USA 92 billion US dollars EMC as a Growth Market: < PyTorch /> < MLflow / New Test Center on the Way 64 China: > < Python /> < pandas / 2nd place: Global ecomony: 7 trillion US dollars > < NumPy /> < SciPy / China 22 billion US dollars Our Engineering 66 15.7 trillion US dollars 26.1% growth > < scikit-learn /> < TensorFlow / 3rd place: Our Product Range 68 Economic growth in the countries/continents triggered by AI in relation to the total economic volume of 2018. > < Kubernetes /> < Microsoft UK 6 billion US dollars IAV Diary: let's meet? 71 Azure /> < Keras /> < spaCy /> Source: https://venturebeat.com/2020/03/16/tech-nation-u-s-companies-raised-56- Source: https://www.pwc.de/de/digitale-transformation/business-analytics/ of-global-ai-investment-since-2015-followed-by-china-and-u-k/ kuenstliche-intelligenz-sorgt-fuer-wachstumsschub.html
10 Topic focus | automotion automotion | Topic focus 11 Editorial 3 We can play our part in slowing down the spread of the virus. 6 Artificial Intelligence – The engine of the future 8 "Digitalization Enables "Digitalization Enables Development Methods of a Completely New Dimension" 10 No Need to Look into a Crystal Ball 14 Development Methods The Reward Principle Transfer Learning Takes 16 of a Completely New Digital Development to a New Level 18 Hybrid AI 20 Dimension" Bundled AI Expertise at IAV 21 "We Do Not Want to be Presented with the Finished Solution" 22 Centimeter-accurate Localization and Real-time Mapping 26 D igital change is pushing the automotive industry demonstrators in a very short time. This results in products "IAV Unites the IT and Automotive Worlds" 28 at a rapid pace: Artificial intelligence (AI), Machine and services that we develop further with our customers, Learning and Big Data are finding their way into and strategies that continually improve our processes. Our Automate Software Tests Faster with companies. In an interview, Chief Digital Officer Matthias colleagues then take the newly acquired knowledge from Artificial Intelligence 32 Schultalbers explains the potential of these technologies the Digital Lab back to their specialist departments – a From the Simulation Environment and what customers can already expect from IAV today. constant cycle of know-how transfer. to the Vehicle in the Shortest Time 34 Another important component is the exchange with our Methodological Toolkit for You're Chief Digital Officer at IAV – what research network, such as the Research Lab, which we Evaluating Future Driving Functions 36 path did you take to get here? operate together with DFKI, and Cyber Valley in southern Agile and Secure 38 Germany, of which we are a founding member. It is one of My interest in automation goes back a long time, not least our core competencies to reliably develop new solutions to Testing of Infotainment Systems Made Easy 39 because I studied automation and control engineering. I production maturity. By bridging the gap to basic research, have been working intensively with digitalization for around we ensure that new technologies and methods find their Green Power for Sustainable Mobility 40 six years now. At IAV, I want to lead the way in digital change way quickly and efficiently from research, development and New Emission Laboratory Can also Be Electric 43 and bring the latest research findings to series development. the first prototypes into production vehicles. To lay the foundations for this, I founded the Research Cen- With Atomic Precision 44 ter at IAV. In early 2018, a joint research lab was set up in "We Have a Healthy Respect for the Task" 46 Kaiserslautern in collaboration with the German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI). One year later, I was Always Live – Thanks to IoT Platform and AI 48 given responsibility for our Digital Lab. About a year ago I was appointed CDO. In the future, IAV On the Trail of the Virus 50 intends to distinguish Harvest Time 51 What happens in the Digital Lab at IAV? itself even more The Perfect Symbiosis 52 In the Digital Lab, we take care of the transfer of know-how. We are a node and network for key technologies of digi- as a tech provider. Live: New High-voltage Composite Test Bench 54 talization and new ways of working. The Digital Lab works Customers should turn What Drives Our Customers in these Times 56 for the whole of IAV and drives the company's digitalization IT in Transformation 58 forward. Our aim is to combine knowledge from the various to us with all questions disciplines – from autonomous systems to the use of the From Clash of Cultures to the Best of Both Worlds 60 latest AI technologies – with know-how from the various relating to digitalization EMC as a Growth Market: fields. This is where domain meets technology. This mission is driven forward by our innovation process that involves and the use of new New Test Center on the Way 64 all IAV colleagues and enables cross-divisional networking. Through innovation campaigns and subsequent pitch ses- technologies. Our Engineering 66 sions, colleagues can submit and implement their own ideas. Our Product Range 68 A jury from the technical areas decides on which topics Matthias Schultalbers, Chief Digital Officer at IAV IAV Diary: let's meet? 71 will be worked on further. In test sprints, our employees then develop minimum viable products (MVP) and simple
12 Topic focus | automotion automotion | Topic focus 13 Editorial 3 We can play our part in slowing down the spread of the virus. 6 Artificial Intelligence – The engine of the future 8 "Digitalization Enables Development Methods of a Completely New Dimension" 10 No Need to Look into a Crystal Ball 14 The Reward Principle 16 Transfer Learning Takes In which digitalization technologies do in the past. For instance, we are excellently positioned Digital Development to a New Level 18 you see the greatest potential for the in the field of predictive maintenance, in safeguarding Safety & security automotive industry? neural networks (Safety Supervisor) and in control and Hybrid AI 20 regulation with AI (Reinforcement Learning). The task Bundled AI Expertise at IAV 21 An extremely large amount of data is generated in the now is to deploy these technologies across the board automotive sector. There is a lot of potential there, but the at IAV from administration to engineering. To achieve "We Do Not Want to be Presented systematic evaluation of this data is a major challenge. this, we need to extend our mindset, expand knowledge with the Finished Solution" 22 We must focus on smart information gathering. Here, it management and create tools that all employees can is a case of generating the maximum information con- use – not just individual specialists. Our customers will Centimeter-accurate Localization and Real-time Mapping 26 tent from the existing data so that we can permanently also benefit enormously from this. reduce redundant measurements. "IAV Unites the IT and Automotive Worlds" 28 I also see a big lever in virtualization: The Digital Twin, Where do you want to move the Automate Software Tests Faster with Data engineering for example, opens up undreamt-of possibilities for company in the coming years? Artificial Intelligence 32 better safeguarding of systems compared to testing. From the Simulation Environment In the field of predictive health monitoring, methods It is important to me that IAV is digitalized as a whole to the Vehicle in the Shortest Time 34 Data science & AI for detecting anomalies in measurement series from – from technology (i.e. our divisions that work directly different control units have become established. This for our customers) through IT to administration. We are Methodological Toolkit for enables us to react to errors at an early stage. On the also working on adding new business models to our Evaluating Future Driving Functions 36 one hand, we can minimize the time needed for error portfolio: In the future, IAV is to distinguish itself even Agile and Secure 38 correction and on the other hand we can reconfigure more as a tech provider without losing our position in Autonomous the system based on the quantitative estimation of the terms of implementation expertise. We want to continue Testing of Infotainment Systems Made Easy 39 systems error. This way, the system behavior remains in the op- to bring the latest developments from research into timum despite an error. I also see many opportunities in series production. However, customers should turn to Green Power for Sustainable Mobility 40 System the use of reinforcement learning, which allows models us with all questions relating to digitalization and the architecture New Emission Laboratory Can also Be Electric 43 to be developed that independently find an optimal use of new technologies. To this end, we want to offer solution for the respective task within a target system. a broad range of modules from which we develop indi- With Atomic Precision 44 Even the system reaction flows into the optimization vidually tailored technical solutions for every problem "We Have a Healthy Respect for the Task" 46 process and the model adapts itself until it reaches and every domain. System the desired behavior. Always Live – Thanks to IoT Platform and AI 48 engineering In addition, technologies such as Safety Supervisor How do you see the future? On the Trail of the Virus 50 help to secure neural networks in control units. Only Harvest Time 51 those who also know and master the weaknesses of With a high degree of optimism! We can rely on excellent the AI are able to exploit the potential. employees in all areas. They have the know-how to drive Software The Perfect Symbiosis 52 digitalization forward. At the same time, we have the best development Every day, we deal with increasingly complex systems, development methods and customers who entrust us Live: New High-voltage Composite Test Bench 54 higher quality requirements, increasingly documentation with their most demanding and success-critical topics What Drives Our Customers in these Times 56 effort and shorter development times. Digitalization and projects. There can be no better basis for us as a helps everyone in the industry to meet and master development partner. And this trust ensures that our IT in Transformation 58 these challenges effectively. expertise is increasingly appreciated and in demand beyond the automotive industry. And this is not an end From Clash of Cultures to the Best of Both Worlds 60 in itself, because in a digital and networked world we EMC as a Growth Market: How digital is IAV already positioned? need universal, cross-system solutions – solutions that New Test Center on the Way 64 know no industrial sector boundaries. And that is what We have come a long way, but for us it is always a matter we already offer our customers today. Our Engineering 66 of finding new or even better solutions. As a leading de- velopment partner, we cannot accept standstill and have Contact: Our Product Range 68 therefore worked successfully on core technologies matthias.schultalbers@iav.de IAV Diary: let's meet? 71
14 Topic focus | automotion automotion | Topic focus 15 Editorial 3 We can play our part in slowing down the spread of the virus. 6 Artificial Intelligence – The engine of the future 8 H "Digitalization Enables Development Methods of ow and in what time period does the position of a Predictive status models are used to predict errors and system a Completely New Dimension" 10 camshaft change? Under what conditions and how failures as well as to improve system performance. System quickly do valves coke? When does a component need monitoring makes it possible to maintain vehicles, test benches No Need to Look into a Crystal Ball 14 to be replaced before it gives up the ghost? Such forecasts and other machines in line with requirements by forecasting do not require a glimpse into the crystal ball, but rather pre- changes in individual components – for example due to wear The Reward Principle 16 dictive maintenance. IAV is one of the technology leaders in and tear. In addition, the methods and information from the Transfer Learning Takes predictive maintenance in the automotive sector. engine control units can be used to monitor essential vehicle Digital Development to a New Level 18 parameters. "We develop functions to ensure that a vehicle "We use artificial intelligence (AI) to recognize patterns in sensor is always in optimum condition so that, for example, the re- Hybrid AI 20 data and thus predict future behavior," explains Dr. Christian quirements for emissions, durability and performance are met Bundled AI Expertise at IAV 21 Nabert, specialist in Predictive Health Monitoring at IAV. Tech- with maximum reliability at the same time," reports Nabert. IAV nologies such as Machine Learning and the Internet of Things uses these methods extensively from combustion engines "We Do Not Want to be Presented (IoT) as a communication and data network are part of the toolkit. to electrified drives, as well as for data plausibility checks and with the Finished Solution" 22 For predictive maintenance, Nabert and his colleagues are monitoring of test benches. developing a construction kit with the latest methods, applying Centimeter-accurate Localization and Real-time Mapping 26 them in customer projects and linking the knowledge of the Prognosis of valve coking automotive industry with data science. They also cooperate "IAV Unites the IT and Automotive Worlds" 28 with the German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence IAV has been gathering experience in predictive maintenance (DFKI) and the Fraunhofer Institutes. and predictive health monitoring for years. In one application, Automate Software Tests Faster with artificial neural networks (auto-encoders) and counterfactual Artificial Intelligence 32 Acting instead of reacting analysis were used to detect errors in the environment of engine From the Simulation Environment control units and to precisely estimate the size of the error, for to the Vehicle in the Shortest Time 34 Predictive maintenance means acting instead of reacting: example in the trimming of the camshaft. IAV used the methods Sensors record parameters such as vibrations or temperatures. for robust monitoring of component wear and its prediction for Methodological Toolkit for Algorithms analyze the measured data in real time and provide valve coking, for example. Evaluating Future Driving Functions 36 information on whether and when maintenance or repair is Agile and Secure 38 required. "With AI, we expand the possibilities of predictive It is not only the automotive industry that relies on Predictive maintenance. For example, self-learning algorithms detect Health Monitoring: Christian Nabert's IAV team is working on Testing of Infotainment Systems Made Easy 39 hidden patterns in the data streams and recognize complex machine monitoring with IoT for an electrical wholesaler in cause-and-effect relationships," says Nabert. The advantages: southern Germany. "The dealer wants to know when to offer Green Power for Sustainable Mobility 40 Even before damage impairs the function of a machine, it can their customers which spare parts, for example for a cable New Emission Laboratory Can also Be Electric 43 be repaired in a targeted manner, thereby minimizing downtime. cutting machine," says the specialist, outlining the task. To do Preventive maintenance at fixed intervals is also no longer this, sensors were attached to the machines and correspond- With Atomic Precision 44 necessary, which reduces costs. ing models were developed. This enables the wholesaler to "We Have a Healthy Respect for the Task" 46 recommend spare parts to their customers in good time and These methods enable more than just maintenance: "They score points with additional service. They also optimize their Always Live – Thanks to IoT Platform and AI 48 also enable us to determine, predict and optimize the current warehousing and save costs. state of a system – whether vehicles, engines, test benches On the Trail of the Virus 50 or other machines. We call this predictive health monitoring," Contact: christian.nabert@iav.de Harvest Time 51 says Nabert. That means: With the help of calculations during operation, the systems can work optimally. The Perfect Symbiosis 52 Neural networks and algorithms Live: New High-voltage Composite Test Bench 54 No Need to Look What Drives Our Customers in these Times 56 Nabert and his colleagues use sensor data for the models, for example on pressure, temperature, power consumption or IT in Transformation 58 structure-borne sound. The more data that is made available into a Crystal Ball in good quality, the better. This is used to develop models such From Clash of Cultures to the Best of Both Worlds 60 as artificial neural networks – such as feedforward networks, EMC as a Growth Market: convolutional neural networks (CNN), networks with LSTM IAV uses data collection and assessment New Test Center on the Way 64 (Long Short-Term Memory) – or algorithms based on decision also for commercial vehicles: Predictive maintenance trees. In addition, experts use physical information such as thermodynamic relationships and circuit diagrams. Nabert: Find out more about the use of Artificial Our Engineering 66 Intelligence for prediction and health "For the quality of the models, it makes sense to integrate as Our Product Range 68 monitoring in this video. much knowledge as possible. That is why we also use hybrid Contact: sebastian.elgeti@iav.de IAV Diary: let's meet? 71 approaches to integrate physical information into data-based models."
16 Topic focus | automotion automotion | Topic focus 17 Editorial 3 We can play our part in slowing down the spread of the virus. 6 Artificial Intelligence – The engine of the future 8 The Reward "Digitalization Enables Development Methods of a Completely New Dimension" No Need to Look into a Crystal Ball 10 14 Principle The Reward Principle Transfer Learning Takes 16 Digital Development to a New Level 18 Reinforcement learning Hybrid AI 20 as function development 4.0 Bundled AI Expertise at IAV 21 "We Do Not Want to be Presented with the Finished Solution" 22 Centimeter-accurate Localization and Real-time Mapping 26 "IAV Unites the IT and Automotive Worlds" 28 Automate Software Tests Faster with Artificial Intelligence 32 From the Simulation Environment T hanks to reinforcement learning, neural networks the developer; the driver can feel it in the behavior of their not transparent and are therefore difficult to safeguard. "Put to the Vehicle in the Shortest Time 34 can intervene autonomously and with foresight and car. "Especially in dynamic situations where the controllers simply, we cannot predict how they will react in unknown support controllers in maintaining setpoints even used have poor performance, neural networks can be used situations," explains Kruschel. To solve this problem, IAV and Methodological Toolkit for under disturbing influences. IAV brings the methodology as a supplementary variable," says Dr. Dennis Schmidt, Data research partners have developed a concept called Safety Evaluating Future Driving Functions 36 of "reinforcement learning" to automotive development Scientist at IAV. Through reinforcement learning, they learn Supervisor specifically for ECU-related applications. It is Agile and Secure 38 and has applied it to projects such as boost pressure how the controller needs to be amplified or attenuated in a monitoring system to which the neural network reports control – with the aim of making the concept of neural order to achieve the optimum at the current point in time the results it calculates. The Safety Supervisor decides for Testing of Infotainment Systems Made Easy 39 networks fit for series production. and with foresight in the future. "The concept of supple- itself whether it can trust the result or has to switch on a menting controllers in critical situations is not new – but substitute system to play it safe. Green Power for Sustainable Mobility 40 Artificial Intelligence (AI) that plays Atari games independent- often current models do not have the flexibility to react New Emission Laboratory Can also Be Electric 43 ly and successfully – such messages regularly make it adequately to complex, dynamic situations." Optimized data processing process through the media. This is made possible by reinforcement With Atomic Precision 44 learning. In reinforcement learning, a software agent inde- Active instead of reactive Another challenge: The neural network is developed and "We Have a Healthy Respect for the Task" 46 pendently learns a strategy through the principle of reward. trained on a high-performance cluster; the computing It is a bit like conditioning: The right decision is rewarded Systems trained by reinforcement learning have a great resources exceed the conditions prevailing on a control Always Live – Thanks to IoT Platform and AI 48 – in the world of AI: provided with a positive feedback – and therefore aimed at in the future. In this way, AI improves its advantage: They recognize that an error could occur in the future and actively intervene to prevent it. "Many of the unit. Not only does the memory limit the size of the neural network, but also the execution time in the control unit "With reinforce- On the Trail of the Virus 50 experience and thus its performance by trial and error. This holds enormous potential, especially for development in the controllers used, on the other hand, can only react to the control deviation between the actual value and the target must be less than one millisecond. The solution is called Neural Network Compression: It enables neural networks ment learning, Harvest Time 51 automotive sector. "At IAV, we see reinforcement learning as a key component of future functional developments," value and thus only readjust," says Schmidt. But using neural networks alone as controllers is still a pipe dream. to be reduced in size so that they require fewer resources but still deliver the same performance. "We can process problems to which The Perfect Symbiosis 52 says Dr. Christian Kruschel, Manager Data Science. "It can "As long as the quality criteria that apply to conventional data quickly, train a neural network efficiently through our there has not yet Live: New High-voltage Composite Test Bench 54 be used to solve problems for which there has not yet been controllers are not guaranteed for neural networks, we high-performance cluster and bring it into the ECU just as a satisfactory answer." will not rely on this procedure alone," says Kruschel. "That quickly," says Kruschel. "The entire data processing process been a satisfacto- What Drives Our Customers in these Times 56 would not be compatible with our high quality standards." is optimized at our company." IAV uses a fully automated Neural networks to supplement In addition, he says, you have to weigh up anew in every workflow for this – and also relies on its domain knowledge. ry answer can be IT in Transformation 58 existing controllers From Clash of Cultures to the Best of Both Worlds 60 system which methodology you use. "A neural network is only one of many possibilities, even if it is currently trending," "We combine comprehensive know-how in the automotive sector and in the latest methods of artificial intelligence, solved." EMC as a Growth Market: IAV has already successfully applied the method for custom- says Kruschel. In principle, the approach can be transferred develop our methods in-house and bring the solutions New Test Center on the Way 64 ers and has supplemented existing controllers in external to similar use cases. safely to production maturity – in short: At IAV, we can offer Dr. Christian Kruschel, and internal projects with neural networks and significantly everything from a single source." Our Engineering 66 Team Manager Data Science at IAV improved performance. In one project, for example, a neural Fit for the series network trained with reinforcement learning was able to Our Product Range 68 optimize boost pressure control and ensure that the desired Thanks to a safeguarding strategy, IAV makes neural net- Contact: IAV Diary: let's meet? 71 setpoint values were achieved quickly and without over- works fit for use in series production – even though, unlike christian.kruschel@iav.de shooting the boost pressure. The result is not only visible to conventional methods, their decision-making processes are dennis.schmidt@iav.de
18 Topic focus | automotion automotion | Topic focus 19 Editorial 3 We can play our part in slowing down the spread of the virus. 6 Artificial Intelligence – The engine of the future 8 "Digitalization Enables Development Methods of a Completely New Dimension" 10 10 to 100 times data reduction by means of simulations. Due to the increasing connectivity of different No Need to Look into a Crystal Ball 14 transfer learning assistance systems and components, this training is a labor-intensive process, but simulation is a reliable and The Reward Principle 16 Classifying millions of images to train an artificial intelligence cost-effective data source. As the process progresses, Transfer Learning Takes (AI) for assistance systems is one of the rather simple practical tests of the new assistance systems are required. Digital Development to a New Level 18 tasks. It becomes more expensive and more complex as By means of transfer learning, the leap from simulation to soon as the developers have to rely on trained specialists the road can be made with relatively little additional data. Hybrid AI 20 for each new data collection or even the destruction of Bundled AI Expertise at IAV 21 the examined parts to determine load limits and fatigue "All in all, data-driven development gives us tools to work strength. "The customer naturally does not like it if the even more efficiently and with increased agility," Krokotsch "We Do Not Want to be Presented test vehicle is damaged several times," is how Tilman is sure. "We save our customers time and money in devel- with the Finished Solution" 22 Krokotsch, Deep Learning expert at IAV, describes the opment, because pushing a digital engine beyond its limits dilemma. "This pushes up the project costs. This is why is easier and more resource-efficient than doing so with a Centimeter-accurate Localization and Real-time Mapping 26 we use AI to transfer findings from completed projects to real engine from an OEM." new applications." "IAV Unites the IT and Automotive Worlds" 28 Complete potential not yet exhausted This is made possible by transfer learning, a solution to Automate Software Tests Faster with reduce data-driven development effort in the future. In In the step-by-step application of transfer learning, IAV Artificial Intelligence 32 the first step, the engineers look for a similar "problem" benefits from cross-industry experience, as in the energy From the Simulation Environment for which labeled data are already available – the so-called sector, and can transfer the method to a wide range of to the Vehicle in the Shortest Time 34 source problem. use cases. "We are working on several levels to integrate this concept into our processes and develop it further," Methodological Toolkit for "With transfer learning, we can transfer an AI model that says Krokotsch. At present, existing AI models are mostly Evaluating Future Driving Functions 36 has already been trained on the source problem to a new retrained on the initial problem of very similar target prob- Agile and Secure 38 target problem. This means that much less data is required lems, since this transfer requires less additional data. In to train the AI for the new problem than if we start from addition, the risk of a "negative transfer," i.e. a logical error Testing of Infotainment Systems Made Easy 39 scratch," explains Krokotsch. of the AI due to the transfer from the source problem to the target problem, is lower. Green Power for Sustainable Mobility 40 An example of this transfer is already known turbochargers New Emission Laboratory Can also Be Electric 43 that are to be integrated into a new engine. "Transfer learn- Up to now, homogeneous transfer learning is almost ex- ing can be quite simple here," says the doctoral student. clusively applied, where the input data contains the same With Atomic Precision 44 "At IAV, an AI for this component and its life expectancy in metrics. Such input data can be for example RGB images, Transfer Learning Takes "We Have a Healthy Respect for the Task" 46 combination with the already known engine would already which are composed of the three primary colors red, green have learned a rough wear model of the component, and and blue. If we want to transfer such a three-channel RGB Always Live – Thanks to IoT Platform and AI 48 that would only have to be adapted to the new operating image to a single-channel near-infrared (NIR), we refer to Digital Development to conditions of the new engine with a few additional data heterogeneous transfer learning. This is also the case when On the Trail of the Virus 50 points." an already developed model is transferred from a source Harvest Time 51 motor to a new target motor that has different sensors. As a New Level Transfer learning in practice soon as a sufficiently high process reliability is available for The Perfect Symbiosis 52 saves time and money heterogeneous transfer learning, the optimization potential associated with the method increases further. Live: New High-voltage Composite Test Bench 54 By successively transferring the transfer learning approach What Drives Our Customers in these Times 56 from theory to practice, several specialist areas can benefit, However, transfer learning cannot and should not replace such as predictive maintenance, in which measurement the results from practical tests with real models and the IT in Transformation 58 V ehicle components are becoming more and An average passenger car today consists of around 10,000 data provides real-time information on whether and when experience of engineers and applicators. "Only with the more complex, cars more and more person- individual components. All these components have to fit maintenance or repair is required. The more projects and expertise and input of the applicator can we fully exploit From Clash of Cultures to the Best of Both Worlds 60 alized and at the same time more intelligent. together. The coordination process, however, is costly and the more data, the better. "The basic idea behind transfer the full potential of transfer learning. It tells us what the EMC as a Growth Market: One of the biggest drivers: the steadily growing num- time-consuming. What tolerances do individual compo- learning is that although individual projects may not have system is doing or how it can be designed," Krokotsch New Test Center on the Way 64 ber of driver assistance systems. As the number of nents, systems or elements of the powertrain have? How enough data to solve a problem in a data-driven way, the explains. "It's all about empowerment – with the transfer systems, models and combinations increases, so do they behave when operating under full load? At what projects as a whole do," explains Krokotsch. learning method, we want to give our colleagues new Our Engineering 66 too does the amount of work involved in vehicle de- mileage do they have to be replaced? In order to answer tools to continuously improve our engineering services velopment. This is why IAV is conducting intensive questions like these, vehicle design and development Transfer learning also offers added value for the program- for our customers." Our Product Range 68 research into a promising solution approach known requires a vast amount of data, some of which must be ming and design of assistance systems. At the beginning of IAV Diary: let's meet? 71 as transfer learning. collected at great expense. the development phase, assistance systems run through Contact: tilman.krokotsch@iav.de
20 Topic focus | automotion automotion | Topic focus 21 Editorial 3 We can play our part in slowing down the spread of the virus. 6 Artificial Intelligence – The engine of the future 8 "Digitalization Enables Development Methods of a Completely New Dimension" 10 No Need to Look into a Crystal Ball 14 a different scenario. Hybrid AI provides a solution for this. The term "hybrid" means The Reward Principle 16 "crossed, mixed." More specifically, this Transfer Learning Takes means: "We enrich our models with expert Digital Development to a New Level 18 knowledge," explains Ferdinand Küsters, Research Engineer at IAV-Lab and DFKI. "In Hybrid AI 20 this way, we achieve better models with the Bundled AI Expertise at IAV 21 same amount of data or very good models with less data." If the network can access "We Do Not Want to be Presented structural information or, in other words, with the Finished Solution" 22 physics-based data preprocessing, the model also performs better on new data. Centimeter-accurate Localization and Real-time Mapping 26 Best of both worlds: Control engi- neering and Artificial Intelligence Bundled AI "IAV Unites the IT and Automotive Worlds" Automate Software Tests Faster with 28 Expertise at IAV A pre-selection of input variables is the Artificial Intelligence 32 easiest way to integrate expert knowledge From the Simulation Environment into a model. This procedure has long been related to AI on the agenda – projects, prob- to the Vehicle in the Shortest Time 34 standard in data-based modeling. The hy- lems, experiences and questions. "Here, it is Hybrid AI brid AI approach goes beyond this: Here, physical models are integrated directly into the data-driven model and adapted with AI Expert network AI circle not about presenting oneself, but really about entering into a professional exchange, learning from and with each other," says Börner. In the Methodological Toolkit for Evaluating Future Driving Functions Agile and Secure 36 38 Less data, better models support. This allows new components to be second format, the "AI Talks," experts from A developed quickly, for example for the Dig- rtificial intelligence and data science Digital lab as incubator renowned institutions such as the Fraunhofer Testing of Infotainment Systems Made Easy 39 ital Twin. In controller design, IAV combines are developing at breakneck speed Institute, DFKI or RWTH Aachen University neural networks and differential equations in and increasing complexity. IAV has The project is driven by the in-house Digital regularly speak. Topics include the certification Green Power for Sustainable Mobility 40 Two keywords are currently on everyone's Deep Learning: Machine Learning (ML) using a multi-stage process – with the result that set up the AI circle to keep abreast of the Lab, which acts as a catalyst for digital projects and safeguarding of neural networks, natural New Emission Laboratory Can also Be Electric 43 lips: Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the idea artificial neural networks (KNN). Explained in the controllers designed with it generalize latest developments and pool its in-house as part of the company's digitalization strate- language processing, reinforcement learning of the hybrid, which unites different things. simplified form: KNNs consist of data nodes better than classical neural networks. Such expertise. It brings together AI experts from gy. One of its most important instruments is or the question of how Machine Learning for With Atomic Precision 44 Bringing the two together describes a hither- ("neurons"), which are linked together on dif- an approach is also helpful, for example, in various fields – and the company's concen- the so-called innovation process. Selected time series can be successful – ergo: in addi- "We Have a Healthy Respect for the Task" 46 to largely unknown field of research: Hybrid ferent levels (Input, Hidden Layers, Output). computationally complex flow simulations. trated expertise in customer projects. ideas submitted by employees are given a tion to topics that are intended to provide food AI. It helps to find answers to questions As in the human brain, changes in neurone Küsters explains: "The problem was solved jump start here: The lab with its permanent for thought, above all those that are relevant Always Live – Thanks to IoT Platform and AI 48 for which solutions have been difficult to structure occur during AI training: Neurons with NeuralODEs, a quite new form of neural A network of experts instead of an army of and more than 20 student employees takes to the work and customers of IAV. find so far. IAV combines physical systems are added or become irrelevant, weight- networks, which internally use differential lone fighters: That is the idea behind the AI over an initial start-up development; only then On the Trail of the Virus 50 with artificial neural networks (KNN) and ings (the connections between neurons) equations for modeling." Therefore they are circle. With it, IAV links and promotes the are the projects are handed over to a division. The customer benefits Harvest Time 51 achieves outstanding results – not only in are changed. The input information flows well suited for physical processes. expertise of the colleagues in the company "We start with the idea in the employee's head the automotive sector. through the hidden layers to the output who work with Artificial Intelligence (AI). "This and see ourselves as an incubator. The AI After all, it is the customers who benefit most The Perfect Symbiosis 52 layer. A learning algorithm determines all With hybrid AI, IAV specialists are finding technology is so universal and at the same circle should also function in this sense and from the AI circle. It is not only an instrument Christian Kruschel still remembers well an parameters from the input and the expect- the best solutions to problems in almost all time so complex that it is not bundled in a also generate new projects that are suitable to stay on the ball in a rapidly growing field, Live: New High-voltage Composite Test Bench 54 experiment, a model, without training in sys- ed output values by iterative and recursive areas ever more quickly, as Kruschel explains. single department but rather colleagues from for the innovation process," says Börner. The but also an important building block to be What Drives Our Customers in these Times 56 tems knowledge: "We fed a neural network procedures – this way, KNNs learn complex Küsters describes it in more detail: "If, for all over the company deal with it," says Dr. idea of an AI network within the company is able to offer the customer state-of-the-art with all the data we had – in the end, the relationships, and manual programming of example, you bring in the structure of a robot, Mathis Börner, Data Scientist in IAV's Digital not entirely new: A forerunner, the AI commu- technology at all times. "With the AI circle, we IT in Transformation 58 cylinder pressure was to be simulated." The algorithms is no longer necessary. i.e. information about its rough design, you Lab, who is actively involved in shaping the AI nity, laid the foundations, and with the new bring out the maximum of AI competence that Data Science Team Manager at IAV laughs. can achieve greater accuracy more quickly." circle as the person responsible for methods AI circle concept, the idea of networking is IAV with its more than 8,000 employees has From Clash of Cultures to the Best of Both Worlds 60 "The result was very good but not usable Better to generalize Of course, this also applies to the automotive in data science and AI. Events and digital plat- now entering a new round – with a sharper to offer for our customers. We bundle this EMC as a Growth Market: in the application: The measured variables sector, where IAV's core expertise lies: The forms are intended to promote the exchange profile. "We have now deliberately positioned expertise, make it broad-based and ensure New Test Center on the Way 64 that the neural network prioritized were not "AI has the core problem, however, that data problem with predicted cylinder pressure between these employees. "In the AI circle, ourselves even more technically and in terms that it filters back into customer projects," convincing. Now there is an optimized AI can only represent reality under certain mentioned at the beginning has long since colleagues learn from each other and benefit of content." says Börner. "When a customer works with Our Engineering 66 procedure that does not do that anymore: conditions," explains Kruschel. "As a result, been solved – thanks to hybrid AI. from each other's knowledge. They can also one of our teams, they can be sure that they hybrid AI. the data situation is often not sufficient to address their questions to an entire network Learning with and from each other will have access to an IAV-spanning network Our Product Range 68 generalize well." Generalize means that the Contact: of experts. We also hope that this will lead of AI expertise." IAV Diary: let's meet? 71 Christian Kruschel and their colleagues at network receives completely new data from christian.kruschel@iav.de to an additional acceleration in projects and For this purpose, the "Brown Bag Sessions" IAV usually work with the AI procedures from the same application area, but that describes ferdinand.kuesters@iav.de developments," says Börner. during the lunch break include internal topics Contact: mathis.boerner@iav.de
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