OOOOO C Y AC - Team Malizia
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c e a n
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Ch a l
ZI A
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WO
R L D W IT H T H E YA
Come wi� us
and disc�er Topics to look
forward to!
�e world! BOAT and TEAM
Become part of the OCEAN CHALLENGE-TEAM
Around the world -be part of it IN REAL TIME!
The CHALLENGES on the ocean
MALIZIA, the "Spaceship"
The sailors’ jobs ON BOARD
Old and new ways of SEAFARING AND SAILING
PIERRE AND BORIS invite you to share their SAILING ADVENTURES THE OCEAN: currents and winds
and to explore fascinating topics about the ocean.
MESSAGE IN A BOTTLE: ocean research
What awaits you:
MALIZIA’S "animal" FRIENDS
PLASTIC in the ocean
EXCITING WORKSHEETS with games, creative tasks and experiments THE EARTH HAS A FEVER: global warming, CO2 and the warming and
A MAP OF THE WORLD for your classroom where you can directly track the sailing races acidification of the ocean
A PAPER MODEL of the yacht, MALIZIA CLIMATE and WEATHER
THE LATEST NEWS AND REPORTS on MALIZIA, ONLINE GAMES, THREAT to ANIMALS' HOMES
A BOAT TRACKER on www.borisherrmannracing.com so that you can be part
OUR FUTURE: CO2, Consequences for the ocean and
of the action in real time and never miss a thing.
possible solutions
2
Bo a t a nd Te a m Where does �e boat name
MALIZIA come from? The boat was named after FRANCESCO GRIMALDI
MALIZIA is an extremely fast racing boat. With its RED FOILS, who had the NICKNAME MALIZIA
MALIZIA. In 1297, dressed as a Franciscan monk, he conquered the famous
it can almost fly! The foils act like wings in the water and lift rock of Monaco, on which the Palace of the State of Monaco still stands today.
the boat. They can develop an upward lifting force of 5-6 tons. MALIZIA was admitted to the palace. But he had swords hidden under his monk's robe. At night,
THE BOAT IS MADE OF CARBON, a very light but also very armed with the swords, he conquered the rock. Monaco is Pierre's home country.
stable material that is used to build such boats. Translated MALIZIA means: "THE SLY ONE", "THE SKILFUL ONE".
MALIZIA belongs to the boat class IMOCA 60 (International Being skilful and having a clear strategy is also a definite advantage when
Monohull Open Class Association, 60 feet long). MAST sailing in races, called regattas.
Sailors sail around the world in the VENDÉE GLOBE REGATTA
in this type of boat.
Many designers and engineers worked hard to design such
Do you kn�
a fast boat. A total of 32,000 hours were spent working
on the boat.
HULL
why a boat floats?
BOOM The ancient Greek scholar, ARCHIMEDES, had already
MALIZIA figured it out 300 years before our time.
TRY IT OUT YOURSELF!
RUDDER
Length: 60 feet (18,3 m) - about 5 cars
T
EXPERIMEN
FOILS
Height of mast: 27m - about 6 double-decker buses
You need: UGH
Weight: 8,000 kg - 8 great white sharks R and PLAYDO
a BASIN, WATE
EXPERT KNOWLEDGE flat,
Biggest sail: 400 m2 - about as big as a basketball court KEEL Form a large, nd place
The weight of the shape d bowl a
Maximum speed: 35 knots (65 km/h) - about as fast as a leopard slightly curve water!
is less than the weight of the water it in the
displaced by the bowl.
Weight of the keel: 3,000 kg - about 2 rhinos That's why it doesn't sink!
3
Youaw a
Become part of �e r
can d ortrai
p f
t
li�l ursel
e ME:
OCEAN CHALLENGE-Team!
yo re.
of
he
Age: 1 year old Age:
Home: MALIZIA
Occupation: Lucky charm
Home:
Favourite hobby:
Sailing on MALIZIA, flying loops
This is important to me: The protection of the oceans
Occupation:
I am particularly good at: Concentrating
and focusing at night
Favourite hobby:
I dream of: Participating as a mascot in the
Vendée Globe race around the world
My favourite food: Astronaut food, ice cream This is important to me:
My favourite place in the world: Lorient, Brittany
I am particularly good at:
BORIS HERRMANN
PIERRE CASIRAGHI I dream of:
Age: 31 years old Age: 37 years old
Home: Monaco Home: Hamburg, Germany My favourite food:
Occupation: Entrepreneur and professional sailor Occupation: Professional sailor My favourite place on the world:
Favourite hobby: Developing new ideas Favourite hobby: Sailing, kiting
This is important to me: The protection of the oceans This is important to me: The protection of the oceans
T O Y OU!
OVER our own profile so that Boerittsear.nd Pierr
I'm particularly good at: Sailing I'm particularly good at: Sailing e
I dream of: Wild rafting tours and I dream of: My participation in the Vendée Globe race •Create y w you b
can get to kno P ierre, Boris a
nd
medieval fights around the world 2020/2021 te p la c e s o f
es and favouri
•Find the homl on a world map.
My favourite food: Lemon chicken My favourite food: Vanilla ice cream the ow s lo ng as the boa
t
of s tu d e n ts a
My favourite place in the world: Saint Peter-Ording •Form a chain
My favourite place in the world: : Corsica
4
Around �e World - Point Nemo
Be �ere in real time! You want to be really alone, at the most isolated point
on earth? Then POINT NEMO is the perfect place for you.
The Vendée Globe Become an expert with these 5 facts!
POINT NEMO is located between Chile and New Zealand
Boris' greatest dream, to participate in the VENDÉE GLOBE Regatta (sailing race), and is the point furthest away from land (2,688 kilo-
will finally come true in 2020/2021. He will be the first German to compete in this metres). In comparison, the space station, ISS, orbits
probably toughest regatta in the world where he will sail solo and non-stop around the earth from a distance of 408 kilometres.
the globe.
It was not until 1992 that the Point was "discovered",
Thirty boats from many different countries will be lined up to start. The boats will pass
in other words calculated using a computer program.
three well-known points: Cape of Good Hope, Cape Horn and Cape Leeuwin.
The Point was not named after the famous cartoon fish,
but after Captain Nemo, a character in Jules Verne's
Route du Rhum SAILORS LANGUAGE
book "20000 Miles Under the Sea".
single-handed sailing: POINT NEMO is a biologically "inactive place". It is so
Until then there are many exciting regattas planned such as the Route du Rhum, which sailing alone
far away from land that hardly any nutrients get there.
starts on 4 November 2018. Boris will sail this regatta single-handed - from St. Malo double-handed sailing:
sailing with 2 crew
in France to Guadeloupe in the Caribbean. members
The exact coordinates are: 45°52.6 S ,123°23.6 W
On the map, you will find all the other routes where Pierre and Boris will team up to sail
together.Join them in real time: borisherrmannracing.com
O YOU!
T Satellite
d
h a red pencil an
OVE R E ROUTE of the
"Route du R hu m " w it
pencil.
RAW TH h a blue
• On the map, D ro ut e of th e V endée Globe wit
the ith a cross. How do the photos, information and data
ld m ap an d mark them w
EXPERT KNOWLEDGE
w or .
EE CAPES on a your world map actually get from the boat to land?
• FIND THE THR and mar k th e po in t on
A C K M A LI ZI A ’s current position Nowadays, news, pictures, weather data,
• TR Photos sent from MALIZIA
navigation and ocean data are all sent
have to travel 37,000 km before
via satellite. they reach us on land!
5
Around �e World - What awaits �e sailors
on �e open sea? OCEAN SAILING CAN BE HUGELY CHALLENGING particularly when facing the forces of nature.
You need a lot of courage and stamina.
What comes to your mind?
SUN: The sun can be particularly strong in the tropics and
can cause sunburn. Sailors have to protect themselves well STORM: The wind can blow at up to 50 knots, i.e. almost
with clothing and as a result often sweat a lot. 100 km/h and create huge waves at sea. These conditions are difficult
for the sailors and can also be very dangerous.
COLD: The cold can also be a challenge! Just imagine being HUGE WAVES: MALIZIA has conquered many huge waves. How high
on the boat without heating in bitterly cold regions. Brrrr... do you think the highest wave was? Waves that our
But luckily there is special functional clothing that is sailors encounter may well be up to 12 metres
designed to protect against the cold. high, as high as a four-storey house.
V E R TO YOU!
O the speech bub
bles: I think, I fe
el …
• Fill in es on the ocean
"
re : "C h a ll e n g
• Create a pictu wing, painting, collage)
(dra
EXPERT KNOWLEDGE ICEBERGS: MALIZIA will also sail along the ice edge.
Sailors must be extremely careful not to collide
DOLDRUMS: Behind this funny name is an area that with icebergs or hit chunks of ice floating below
often challenges sailors! The area is roughly located
the surface of the water. Satellite images, radar
at the equator. It is known for very light winds, turning
and a good eye will help to avoid a collision. PIRATES: Pirates can also be a threat to sailors. In the past,
winds and calm weather but also for unexpected
gusts and thunderstorms. sometimes boats were accompanied by a security service or
sailing routes of other regattas were even changed in order
ROARING FORTIES: This area is between 40 ° and 50 ° to avoid sailing through pirate areas.
southern latitude. The wind is extremely strong here
and sailors often have to fight with gale-force winds.
HELP IS FAR AWAY: Particularly in the southern seas, help from other people is
extremely far away – even the remote ISS station is closer to the earth!
6
...W�,
what an MALIZIA-The spaceship
H� many people have managed to circumnavigate
!
adventure
�e world single-handedly and non-stop?
OVER 10,000 PEOPLE OVER 500 PEOPLE FEWER THAN 100 PEOPLE
have climbed Mount Everest. have been to space. have managed to sail around the world
solo and non-stop!
What is it like to live on MALIZIA?
Life on board MALIZIA is similar to life
on a spaceship. Also, the preparation
for regattas on MALIZIA is quite
similar to the preparation for
space missions.
Food
Things get interesting when it comes to planning the food on board. Boris and Pierre
Technology Three technicians work full-time on MALIZIA,
eat "astronaut food" or freeze-dried powdered food mixed with water.
Using a "water maker" they can turn salt water into fresh water. That saves weight!
always checking the boat thoroughly to make
By the way, it is not always easy to prepare the food when the boat is heeling at an
sure all parts are in full working order.
extreme angle. The food packages are prepared in advance, divided
exactly and calculated for each day.
7
Life on Board Computer work
Here you can see Boris in his
Generating electricity little "office". From here he
can use his SATELLITE PHONE
MALIZIA carries SOLAR-, WIND- AND HYDRO-GENERATORS ON BOARD. The sailors use to make phone calls, send
these to create electricity from wind-energy, sun-power and water-resistance. EMAILS, receive WEATHER
DATA and NAVIGATE.
Sleeping in a Pipe cot
Check out Boris’ bed – it’s a mat, which by using a pulley, can be moved up and down to match the boat’s extreme heel.
BUT HOW DOES BORIS SLEEP WHEN HE SAILS SOLO AND NON-STOP FOR ALMOST 3 MONTHS?
Boris sleeps for a maximum of 20 minutes at a time, then he has to be on watch and check that the sails are set properly.
Meanwhile a computer, the "autopilot," is programmed to steer MALIZIA in the right direction.
The famous artist and inventor Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) is said to have slept only 15 minutes every 4 hours.
AND DOLPHINS ALSO HAVE A TRICK FOR SLEEPING: only one half of their brain sleeps while the other half
stays awake. It allows them to come to the surface every so often to breathe.
TO YOU!
O V E R M M A LI ZI A for the 3 who
le
Clo�ing
RTING LIV E FR O s like
URNALIST REPO
e a JO The voyage feel as.
Imagine you ar m n sc ho ol ho lidays to Christm W R IT E AN EXCITING R
EPORT!
th e au tu ac es hi p.
months from r coaster ride in
side a sp ur daily
Whether for the Antarctic or the tropics - yo u' re on a ro lle
ur ex pe ri en ce ? What does yo
What is yo of?
sailors need special clothing for extreme O M E Q U ES TI O N S TO HELP YOU: en jo y? W ha t are you afraid
HERE ARE S e? What do you
really orms,
weather conditions to protect themselves routine look lik od , sl ee p, cl ot hes, hygiene, st
U: fo
DS CAN HELP YO
against heat, cold and dampness. A survival THESE KEYWOR
suit provides ideal protection as it is water- waves, pirates.
Hygiene
proof, keeps the body warm and can’t
sink. It looks like a space suit!
There is no toilet on board, just a bucket! All washing is done with salt water.
8
Sailing around no t 1
/h
.852 km a-light
1 k ils, huge sails and ultr r
=
TODAY: High -tech
�e world With her fo IA can sail even faste
weight MAL
IZ
than the win
d! racing yachts
EARLIER: Old seafarers Today there are ultra-modern racing yachts that can be sailed solo
and non-stop around the world. And these racing yachts are even faster
"WHAT LIES BEYOND THE HORIZON? ARE THERE OTHER LANDS,
than Jules Verne in his book "Around the World in 80 Days".
OTHER SHORES? "
CHRISTOPH COLUMBUS: DISCOVERER OF AMERICA
Originally, Columbus had set out to find a new SEA ROUTE TO INDIA. However,
on October 12, 1492 Columbus became the first European to land in America
with his fleet of three sailing ships. He studied ancient writings and nautical
charts and as he read a great desire for adventures grew in him. Columbus
SANTA MARIA:
never thought – even to the day he died – that he had discovered a new conti-
Maximum speed 9 knots, MALIZIA:
nent. On August 3, 1492 Columbus set sail from Spain with a fleet of three caravel ships,
average 2-3 knots for circumnavi- Maximum speed 35 knots
which could sail against the wind: SANTA MARIA, PINTA AND NIÑA.
gating the world. average 16 knots for circumnavi-
"At 2:00 am on a Friday we sighted land. We waited until dawn to cross to
an island", Columbus wrote in his logbook, unaware that he was gating the world.
discovering AMERICA.
U E S T I O N
MAGELLAN: THE FIRST CIRCUMNAVIGATOR OF THE WORLD
R I C K Y Q
T
ld
c u m n a v ig ate the wor
It was the Portuguese explorer, Ferdinand Magellan ou can’t cir
ecide why y
In class, d rboat?
moto
(1480-1521), who was the first to discover the sea
a n d n o n - stop with a
route to India along the South American coast. solo
The STRAIT OF MAGELLAN is named after him. After succeeding in sailing around the southern
tip of South America he eventually reached the Philippines via the Pacific route. On this voyage
he proved that the earth is a sphere. Magellan is celebrated in history books as being
?? ?
THE FIRST SEAFARER TO CIRCUMNAVIGATE THE WORLD.
9
Ocean -
OUR PLANET SHOULD REALLY BE CALLED WATER INSTEAD OF EARTH. After all, the oceans cover more than seven out of ten parts
of its surface. Only a few parts have already been observed! What mysteries, undiscovered animal or plant species are still
Cu�ents
waiting to be discovered?
i nds Wind and water highways:
a nd w cu�ents and �e heat cycle
THE SEVEN SEAS! Look for them on your
world map.
01. PACIFIC OCEAN
02. ATLANTIC OCEAN
ATLANTIC
OCEAN PACIFIC
03. INDIAN OCEAN OCEAN
04. ARCTIC MEDITERRANEAN (Arctic Ocean)
05. CARIBBEAN SEA and GULF OF MEXICO Warm surface current
06. AUSTRALASIA MEDITERRANEAN SEA Cold deep currents
INDIAN OCEAN
07. EUROPEAN SEA
BUT THEY ARE ALL INTERCONNECTED - so there is
U!
O YOTHE CAPE OF GOOD
E R T
OV THE WAY FROM
actually only ONE GLOBAL OCEAN throughout which HAVE YOU EVER BEEN SWIMMING AT A BEACH? Then you’ll know the
water flows and … in which pollution also spreads. strong and dangerous CURRENTS that can pull even good swimmers an
FIND R N a lo n g the oce
E HO ured
out to sea! The ocean distributes water through cold and warm
O P E T O THE CAP p a t h w ith a colo
H e
THE CLIMATE OF THE PLANET WOULD BE water highways, i.e. ocean currents. ! Draw th
currents
FUNDAMENTALLY DIFFERENT WITHOUT THE THE SUN’S RAYS HEAT UP CONTINENTS AND OCEANS. The equator is particularly pencil!
INFLUENCE OF THE OCEANS ... hot because more sunlight is concentrated here than at any other point on earth.
The sun’s rays trigger a cycle that influences the climate worldwide: WIND AND OCEAN CURRENTS DISTRIBUTE
THE SUN’S HEAT ACROSS THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH – JUST LIKE ON HIGHWAYS AND ROLLER COASTERS.
10Ocean - Cu�ents and winds POLAR EASTERLIES
--------------------- ----------- --------- -------
WATER rollercoaster
(SOUTH-) WESTERLY WIND ZONE
When the sun's rays heat up the oceans at the equator, the warm water flows from there --------------------- ----------- ---------- -------- -----------
towards, for example, the North Atlantic. It gives off its heat to the air as it is flowing and
as a result becomes colder and colder. BECAUSE COLD WATER IS HEAVIER THAN WARM NORTHEAST TRADE WINDS
WATER, IT EVENTUALLY SINKS TO THE SEABED. This creates enormous suction that causes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
more and more warm water to flow from the south. In addition, winds also drive the ocean - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -EQUATOR
-----
currents on the surface of the water. The fact that the cold and warm water masses
do not mix is partly due to their different salt content. SOUTHEAST TRADE WINDS
--------------------- --------- ---------- ---------- ---------- -------
O Y O U!
T
OVER ARE A MARINE RESEARCHER and discboevear
(NORTH-) WESTERLY WIND ZONE
--------------------------- ----------- ---------- -------- ------
YOU pecies! It could T
EXPERIMEdN
im a l o r p la n t s
a new an nt:
ri d c re a tu re or a bizarre pla eep tray, place
ake a large
POLAR EASTERLIES
--------------------- ---------- ---------- ------
hyb ONE OCEAN-T ts
DRAW IT HERE!
nt the C o n ti n en
it to re p re se ic a,
7 stones in orth Amer
ro p e, Asia, Africa, N pour
of the w o rl d - Eu
ti c an d th e Antarctic and
a, the A rc few
South Americ e o f th e tr ay . Then, pour a
ver the bas e centre
tap water to co the water at th ye
WIND rollercoaster
ab le d ye in to d
drops of veget you watch, you will see the
s y
of the tray. A A n d ev en tu ally reach ever
d s.
spread outwar st as pollution in one ocean
e tr ay , ju d. The heat cycle in the sky kicks in when WARM AIR, which is LIGHTER THAN
part to th y p art of the worl
can re ac h an COLD AIR, rises. This is exactly what happens at the sunny equator: the warm
air flows to great heights and away from the equator. On the way to the north
or south, it cools, sinks and moves back towards the equator. The air circulates
EXPERT KNOWLEDGE and blows as a strong so-called TRADE WINDS!
SAILORS MEASURE WIND STRENGTH IN BEAUFORT
using a scale of 1-12. Hurricane winds are Beaufort 12!
11To protect �e ocean,
we have to understand it!
Message in a bo�le
Pierre's ancestor ALBERT I, PRINCE OF MONACO, WANTED TO EXPLORE OCEAN CURRENTS IN 1885.
Gu He put 1,000 messages in 10 languages into bottles and set them adrift in the sea. The finder of the message was asked
lfs
tre to mark the location on a map and to get in touch. Every fourth bottle was actually found and contact was made!
am
The data showed the approximate COURSE OF THE GULF STREAM. It runs from the Gulf of Mexico across the Atlantic Ocean
to north-western Europe. The Gulf Stream transports warm water from the sunny tropics towards the cold poles.
THE GULF STREAM HAS SUPERPOWERS: it transports more water than all of the rivers on our planet combined!
HAMBURG
Rubber duckies at sea Oldest message
Yikes! Faded rubber duckies are washed up in all sorts of places around the world! in a bo�le in �e world
How is that possible?
In 1992 a cargo ship lost parts of its cargo in a violent storm. 29,000 little duckies Perhaps you read it in the newspaper recently? THE OLDEST MESSAGE
went on an incredible voyage of discovery around the globe. IN A BOTTLE IN THE WORLD CAME FROM HAMBURG, GERMANY.
They were carried away by the ocean currents. It was thrown into the Indian Ocean by a German boat 132 years ago.
A large number ended their journey in Hawaii. A couple recently came across it on an Australian beach!
But some were also washed into the Arctic Sea What an exciting find! It’s fun to imagine where the bottle has drifted
and froze there in the pack ice for several years. Even as much as eight years later some ducks over all those years.
were still being washed ashore. What luck for the researchers of the ocean currents!
12MA LIZI AS e s c o r t s
MALIZIA IS ESCORTED BY MANY ANIMALS - IN THE AIR AND Whale:
The giant of the sea
IN THE OCEAN.
Albatross: The faithful soul Sometimes Boris and Pierre see a huge tail fin or a large fountain and are
delighted to know that a whale is accompanying MALIZIA. Biggest whale: blue whale - Maximum length
Giant among the seabirds Home: The Southern
33 meters (about 8 cars) Instead of teeth: Barten; hanging horn plates for filtering plankton (small
Hemisphere They often stay near MALIZIA,
crustaceans: krill) and small fish Eats one ton of this per day Fountain during exhalation: maximum
to use its updraft to stay in the air without
10 meters (about 2-3 cars) WITH THE AIR OF ONE BREATH YOU COULD INFLATE 2000 BALLOONS!
any effort Wing span of up to 3.5 meters (approx.
3 school desks) Loyal lovers: only one partner in their life Dynamic gliding,
Shark : the hidden escort
also in stormy weather Able to fly extremely long distances
Good swimmers because of their webbed toes
Boris has only seen one shark. Most of the sharks are
under water and do not show themselves to MALIZIA.
Dolphin:
Afraid of people, not often seen Have been around longer
than dinosaurs, over 100 million years Closely related to the whale
Intelligent 10-50 people are attacked by sharks each year AROUND 100
Playmate
MILLION SHARKS ARE KILLED BY HUMANS EVERY YEAR Many shark
species are threatened with extinction Whale shark with a length
Often visit MALIZIA and accompany her Play with the waves of almost 14 meters holds the size record Maximum speed of the maco shark is 70 km/h
and the boat Not fish, but mammals Large brain, very intelligent IF A SHARK LOSES A TOOTH, IT IS REPLACED BY A NEW ONE IN JUST A FEW HOURS! A Tiger
Good sense of hearing and smell "See" with ultrasound and can detect even Shark loses 1,400 teeth in 10 years! When fish flap
small items sharply from a distance of 30 meters Can hear echolocation
T O Y O U! around, sharks can hear it from a distance of 650
signals of other dolphins and know what they are seeing Make loud OVER A B O U T
LS
THE ANIMA own
meter and within 20-40 seconds they are on
T S d
sounds to educate their offspring and drive sharks away SCIENTISTS WHICH FAC E YOU? Write them the scene!
SUR P R IS h yo u r
ARE TRYING TO DECIPHER THE CODE OF A POSSIBLE DOLPHIN LANGUAGE
d c o m p a r e notes wit
an s.
TO BE ABLE TO TALK TO THEM classmate
13r e a t e ns � e H o m e
What Th TO YOU!
n ?
R
a
E
c e
OV
of Animal s i n � e O YOU TO O C A N C O N TRIBUTE
stic waste.
avoid pla
by trying to a mind map:
Create o?
What can I d
Plastic in the ocean
PLASTIC WASTE REACHES OUR OCEANS AND IT CAN TAKE UP TO 500 YEARS BEFORE IT DISAPPEARS.
Every year, more than 8 million tons of plastic reaches the ocean. Plastic can be eaten by animals or their
breathing can be constricted when they get tangled up in plastic waste. Through the sun, the plastic breaks
up into tiny particles called microplastics. These particles are eaten by fish and get into the food
chain. WE HUMANS CAN HAVE HEALTH PROBLEMS IF WE EAT SEAFOOD WITH MICROPLASTICS.
THE MEDITERRANEAN IS PARTICULARLY POLLUTED. 300 TRILLION MICROPLASTIC PARTICLES
CAN BE FOUND THERE!
Smart People
THERE ARE MANY GREAT PROGRAMS THAT HELP TO EXPLORE THE OCEAN, PROTECT IT AND GET TO THE BOTTOM OF THE PLASTIC PROBLEM.
Monaco Ocean Week
Beyond Plastic Med The "Monaco Ocean Week" is held in Pierre's home country Monaco.
This organization is very committed to exploring the ocean and For a whole week scientists from all over the world come together
finding solutions to the plastic waste problem in the Mediterranean. to develop ideas for the protection of the ocean and to present
beyondplasticmed.org new solutions.
monacooceanweek.org
14The ear� has fever! Where does �e
The secret gas, CO2 name greenhouse
THE ATMOSPHERE: Our atmosphere is made up of layers of gases, which surround the earth. The layer effect come from?
closest to the earth's surface, is the weather layer and is where clouds are found. THE GLASS of a greenhouse for plants, WORKS JUST LIKE CARBON
CO2- A SECRET GAS WITH SUPERPOWERS! We cannot see or taste or smell or touch carbon dioxide, CO2. DIOXIDE and other gass IN THE ATMOSPHERE.
Therefore, CO2 often gets too little attention! The glass lets the heat of
the sun penetrate, but EXPERI
BUT LET'S TAKE A CLOSER LOOK: We need carbon dioxide in the atmosphere so that it doesn’t get too
does not allow it to MENT
cold on Earth forcing us to live on an ice planet. The carbon dioxide, CO2, acts like a blanket that has YOU NEED
T W
escape. WITH ICE C O BOWL
wrapped itself around the earth to keep warm. We humans and animals inhale oxygen and exhale CO2. UBES AND S FILLED
TRY THIS OUT: Use your p A GLASS B
All plants need CO2.But WE HUMANS PRODUCE MORE CO2 THAN WE CAN USE ON EARTH. Every time we drive hone OWL.
Place the tw as a stopw
atch
a car, turn on the light, play computer games or watch TV, we generate CO2 and the in the sun. o b o w ls with the ic .
Place the g e cu
amount of CO2 in the atmosphere grows and stays there for about 100 years. lass bowl o bes
of the bow ver one
C02 is also released by the burning of fossil fuels such as coal and oil for energy. 3, 2, 1 GO! ls.
Time h
It is the main cause of global warming.
EXPERT QUESTION: for the ice ow long it takes
in the
1. What can you observe? to melt com two bowls
pletely.
The greenhouse effect
2. Explain the Earth’s green-
house effect in your own
words!
THE CARBON DIOXIDE IN THE ATMOSPHERE ACTS LIKE A WARMING BLANKET. The sun’s rays can
reach the earth but the carbon dioxide does not allow the heat to completely escape back into
the universe - a part remains in the atmosphere. THE EARTH WARMS UP! However, if there is too much carbon
dioxide in the atmosphere, THE EARTH EVEN GETS A FEVER. And just as we can’t function properly, when we
have a fever, life on earth also becomes imbalanced. Our normal temperature is about
37 degrees. At 1.1 degrees more, 38.1 degrees, we have a fever. By 2100, an increase of EXPERT KNOWLWDGE
2 degrees Celsius of the average global temperature is expected. The World Climate Change There is another gas called METHANE. Cattle fart
Conference has set itself the goal of limiting global warming to less than 2 degrees Celsius. it out every 40 seconds! Cattle are therefore real
Even this slight warming will bring the earth out of balance. Our climate and all living climate killers!
things on earth are highly sensitive.
15b s o rb s �e s e cr e t g a s
Our ocean a
What happens to �e ocean?
WE'VE ALREADY LEARNED THAT WE HUMANS EMIT CO2 INTO THE ATMOSPHERE. This leads to changes in climate.
Part of the CO2, however, also goes into the ocean. The water absorbs CO2 from the air and when there is more
CO2 in the air, the ocean also absorbs more CO2. On the one hand, that's great - then less is left in the air and climate
change is less severe. On the other hand, the CO2 is also not good for the ocean. When the ocean absorbs a lot of CO2,
it slowly becomes acidic, the so-called pH level drops and leads to acidification of the ocean. This is neither good for
the plants and the animals that live in the ocean nor for us humans because we live off the ocean (fishing).
But because the ocean is so big, scientists are not sure how much CO2 the ocean actually absorbs and how
acidic it gets. This is what our scientists from team MALIZIA, Toste (GEOMAR) and Peter (Max-Planck-Institute),
want to find out! BORIS AND PIERRE WILL BE THERE TO HELP THEM.
E R T O YOUn!racing.com
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R IME
CO2 measurement on MALIZIA
w h e r e M A LIZIA is cur
ment today
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and track a s u r e
What is the
CO 2 m e
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IT'S NOT THAT EASY TO MEASURE THE AMOUNT OF CO2 IN THE OCEAN because you cannot TRY TH l water (the d
inera secon
just jump into the sea and start. That's why scientists need special boats and ships that are equipped a b o t tle of m fridge and a .
to collect data. In the northern hemisphere there are quite a few ships - but unfortunately there aren’t so many EXPERT QUESTION: Place CO 2) in the un
in the s hours.
are a t e r o r w
in the southern hemisphere. But, the proportion of ocean in the southern hemisphere is particularly large and Can you describe the on a he tles after a fe
t ?
oth b o NOTICE
therefore the amount of CO2 that is absorbed is also particularly large. SO IT'S VERY HELPFUL THAT THERE'S effects of ocean warming Open b HAT DO YOU
W
A SENSOR ON MALIZIA THAT CAN MEASURE CO2 AND PRESSURE. MALIZIA sails all around the world – including places on the CO2 cycle?
where, to date, almost no measurements have been taken. Scientists can use the data collected to track the amount
of CO2 in the ocean and can therefore better understand our climate and predict weather. In addition, we can also better understand what threatens
the home of our plants and animals. AND WE CAN ONLY PROTECT WHAT WE UNDERSTAND.
16fl u e nc e s c l i m a t e
The ocean in
and wea�er Our wea�er today
is influenced by �e ocean!
The global climate IN EUROPE, TOO, WE ARE SEEING THE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE, storms are be-
coming particularly strong. The floods caused by storms are increasing too.
is influenced by �e ocean! And summer can be particularly hot, as we have already noticed this year. WILL YOU
SOON BE ABLE TO BATHE IN EUROPE ALMOST ALL THE YEAR ROUND?
No, but if we observe the weather for many thousands of years, we will see that the
THE ICE SHEETS AT THE POLES ARE MELTING BECAUSE OUR EARTH HAS “FEVER”. last few years have, on average, been the hottest ever recorded. That does not mean
Especially in Greenland and in the west of the Antarctic, strong changes are being that every year is equally hot, but record summers are increasing. And that happens
measured. These changes have an effect on sea level, which continues to rise. because we humans are responsible for climate change. But although people enjoy
In addition, the water is warmer, and it expands. This also increases the sea level. ice cream, climate change is bad for the harvest and increases the risk of fire.
For every inch that the ocean rises, about a meter of land is lost from the shore.
MORE THAN HALF OF ALL PEOPLE LIVE ON THE COAST!
More water can evaporate on a larger water surface and, thus, get into the water cycle.
Clouds can rain earlier, due to larger amount of water.
EXPERT KNOWLEDGE
So, what happens is that it rains too much in some places and almost not at all in others.
People lose their homes due to the rising of the sea-level, like in Bangladesh, for example, WEATHER is a condition at a certain time at a certain place. You can measure
meteorological elements like atmospheric pressure, air temperature, humidity and air
or because of droughts like in Africa, where there is little or no rain.
circulation, that is wind. Their interaction results in the weather. For example: this
Many people are forced to flee because of climate change. evening rain shower in Hamburg.
CLIMATE describes the typical annual sequence of weather conditions within a wider
region, such as all countries around the equator.
Climate describes more general procedures and correlations than weather does.
Climate is defined by long-term elements, for example seasons and rain or dry periods.
The word comes from the Greek klíma (inclination). The steeper the angle, in which
sunlight hits the earth, the hotter the region.
17e a t e n s � e h o m e Tortoise female is look -
What thr n t s ?
of anim a l s a nd p l a ing for a mate!
Some reptile species, such as pond
turtles are particularly sensitive to
Great Barrier Reef, Australia.
rising temperatures. At temperatures
BELOW 28 DEGREES CELSIUS, ONLY MALES
CLOSE YOUR EYES AND IMAGINE THAT YOU ARE DIVING. You sink slowly into the depths of the ocean. You're at hatch from the eggs. And at temperatures ABOVE 29.5
the other end of the world, diving through A DAZZLING, COLOURFUL UNDERWATER WORLD. Colourful fish are DEGREES ONLY FEMALES HATCH. Only in between these figures
swimming through glowing corals ...You are fascinated and you have a fabulous array of colours at your does it come to a balanced mix. If, because of global warming,
fingertips. EVERYTHING SHINES, GLIMMERS AND GLITTERS!! But when you swim a little further, the colour the temperature remains permanently too high, male turtles
suddenly disappear. Everything is pale. The corals are grey and white, you can no longer see any fish. will die out; and gradually the whole species.
Adapting
Confused, you resurface. What has happened?
THE GREAT BARRIER REEF OFF THE NORTH EAST COAST OF AUSTRALIA IS 3,2,1, GO! A RACE AGAINST TIME. What matters is not
HOME TO OVER 350 CORAL SPECIES and is the ideal habitat for more just how severe the effects of climate change are, but
than 1,500 SPECIES OF FISH and many plants. In the long-term, also how fast climate change progresses. HUMANS, ANIMALS AND PLANTS NEED TIME
the warming of the seawater and its acidification lead to the fading of the TO ADAPT, so that they have a better chance to adjust to changing conditions.
corals and eventually to their dying out. If the corals die, the food chain The climate has also changed in the past geological eras. But this man-made climate
is disrupted and fish are also endangered. change has happened too fast. Many creatures are overwhelmed and have great
difficulties because of this fast pace. Animals that only specialise in one habitat
have a particularly difficult time.
Why is �e polar bear so endangered?
OVER U!
IN WINTER, POLAR BEARS HUNT SEALS. When the surface of the ice is closed, the seals must resurface at ice
O
TO Y
holes to breathe. This is also where the polar bears lurk for their prey. BUT AS THE PACK ICE DISAPPEARS,
THE POLAR BEARS ARE NO LONGER ABLE TO GET TO THE SEALS. As the winters get warmer, the feeding season is too short. D MAP:
CREATE A MIN
HUNGRY FEMALES GIVE BIRTH TO FEWER YOUNG. They give birth to their young animals in snow caves. BUT THESE OFTEN COLLAPSE T T H R E A T E N S THE HOME
WHA AND PLANTS
DUE TO RAIN. THE WINTERING GROUNDS ARE CUT OFF FROM FOOD SOURCES, DUE TO THE WARMING, OF ANIMALS EAN?
the ice breaks up too soon. The young are unable to swim so far and often die of starvation. IN THE OC
18i t c o m e f r o m ?
CO2: Where does
WE HUMANS CONSUME A LOT OF ENERGY for heating and electricity, for the car and for
Y O U!
TO
producing all the things we need in our daily lives. THE ENERGY IS CREATED BY BURNING COAL,
OIL AND NATURAL GAS. Diesel and gasoline for the car or fuel oil for heating are OVER EATES A LOT OF CO2: e
made of petroleum. In large power plants, electricity is generated from coal and oil, IC K W H A T CR f ly ing a plan howers
1. T g ld s
teboardin taking co lights on
among other things. These substances are burned, CAUSING A LOT OF CO2 AND THIS going ska mputer
aving the
CONTRIBUTES TO GLOBAL WARMING. playing co the heating le ying soccer
p
turning u V pla
,
watching
T
O M P U T E RS, CARS
S, C
IN G M A C HINES, TV TO DO WITH CO2?
O WASH B HAVE
2. WHAT D TER IN THE BATHTU
HOT WA r own word
s!
in y o u
Explain
Smart People
BUT YOU CAN ALSO PRODUCE ELECTRICITY DIFFERENTLY, WITH THE HELP OF: THE ADVANTAGE: THIS TYPE OF POWER GENERATION EMITS NO CO2."Renewables"
are what these types of energy generation are called because this natural energy is
always present. THERE IS ENOUGH WIND AND SUN TO PRODUCE ELECTRICITY.
HYDROPOWER SOLAR ENERGY Smart engineers are trying to reduce CO2 emissions in cars and airplanes with the aid
of technical inventions.
ON MALIZIA, THE ENGINE WILL BE REPLACED BY A SOLAR GENERATOR AND ELECTRICITY
IS GENERATED BY HYDROPOWER. SO MALIZIA CAN CIRCUMNAVIGATE THE WORLD
WITHOUT CO2 EMISSIONS!
WIND Tinkering with new ideas can be totally exciting. Betrand Piccard has designed a plane,
HEAT the "Solar Impulse", which can fly very long distances with only solar energy.
PLANTS FROM THE EARTH
19What can I do? Did you kn�, �at
one kilogram less of meat per week saves about 200 kg of CO2 per year?
HOW DO YOU THINK THAT YOU PERSONALLY CAN CONTRIBUTE TO SAVING ENERGY every degree of room temperature less saves up to 100 kg of CO2 per year?
AND, THUS, REDUCE CO2 EMISSIONS? every energy-saving lamp saves about 50 kg of CO2 compared to a normal light bulb?
every kilometer not driven by car saves about 160 g of CO2? For 200 school days per
This questionnaire will help you to see where you can save energy:
year and, for example, 10 km drive to school and back amounts to over 300 kg CO2?
1. How many hours a day do you use electrical appliances? the purchase of regional products saves up to 100 kg of CO2 per year?
TV, radio and computer could save the climate about 100 kg of CO2 per year when
they do not run on standby, but are turned off.
2. How do you get to school? By bus or on foot, by bike or by car?
3. How often do you eat meat per week? Do you remember farting cattle ;-)?
CO2 footprint
4. Do you have energy-saving lamps in your room? YOU CAN FIND COMPUTER PROGRAMS ON THE INTERNET THAT CAN CALCULATE HOW
MUCH CO2 YOU PRODUCE. You can do this with your parents at home and with your
classmates and your teacher for the class or for the whole school.
EXPERTS CALL THE RESULT THE CO2 FOOTPRINT.
5. Do you know what regional products are? Name some regional products ...
R TO YOU! RS
OVE UR ANSW
E
YO AND
COMPARE OUR CLASSMATES !
6. What do you do if you leave your room for more than an hour? Light on or off? Devices on SE OF Y E GROUP
WITH THO THE POINTS IN TH
standby or off? DISCUSS
20We ar e C O 2 e x p er ts ! OVE R TO YO U! G E T A
ou pos t
C
s o
TIVE!
m e th in g about the to
pic!
ALLENGE, if y
CEANCH CO2.
1. USE #MYO W IT H T IP S FOR SAVING collages ...
STER res,
2. MAKE A PO ake a poster with pictu
m
YOU'VE LEARNED A LOT ABOUT MALIZIA, THE OCEAN, AND CO2. Be creative, ol homepage
c h o dge.
Maybe you want to help the climate and the ocean and are thinking about
A N A R T IC L E fo r y o u r s
r e s e n t y o u r new knowle
3. WRITE and p
what you could do without? P A R A LLEL CLASS to
4. INVITE Y O U R
T IO N to d r a w attention
CRAZY AC
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING SUGGESTIONS WOULD YOU LIKE TO CONSIDER? 5. IMAGINE A topic: Flash mob ...
our
Holidays in your home country, instead of air traveling abroad.
Doing without a car, only going by train, bus, bike or on foot. Even at school,
Always taking care not to waste energy: lights off, stand-by off
there are many ways to help
Taking a shower instead of taking a bath
the climate.
Buying regional products with my family WE SAVE FUEL!
- Coming to school by bike instead of by car saves 7500 kg of CO2 per class
Not turning up the heating in winter unnecessarily..
- Class trips by train instead of plane saves 12,000 kg of CO2 per journey
WE SAVE ELECTRICITY!
CAN YOU THINK OF MORE EXAMPLES? - Turning lights off in the long breaks saves 1,200 kg of CO2
- Installing motion detectors saves 1,800 kg of CO2
- Switching off the power strip for PCs & Co. saves 800 kg of CO2
WE SAVE HEATING!
- Clever airing saves 5,000 kg of CO2
- Lowering the temperature by 1° C saves 10,500 kg of CO2
- Lowering temperatures at weekends, nights and during the school holidays
saves 15,000 kg of CO2
WE SAVE MATERIAL!
- Using recycled paper saves 150 kg of CO2
(The figures refer to the CO2 savings potential of a school with 25 school classes.)
21contact: myoceanchallenge@borisherrmannracing.com - www.team-malizia.com - www.borisherrmannracing.com
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