Rice Program RD&E Update - 2019 Improving the productivity, profitability and sustainability of the Australian rice industry - AgriFutures Australia
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2019 Rice Program RD&E Update Improving the productivity, profitability and sustainability of the Australian rice industry Learn more riceextension.org.au agrifutures.com.au/rice
03
3
Foreword
AgriFuturesTM Rice Program aims to
improve the profitability and sustainability
of the Australian rice industry through the
organisation, funding and management of a
research, development and extension program
that is both market- and grower-driven.
The AgriFutures™ Rice Program is now in its third year There was no Research Open Call for new investment
of the 2016/17-2021/22 five-year strategic plan and has proposals in 2018/19 due to current commitments and
© 2019 AgriFutures Australia
All rights reserved. 14 current investments in RD&E projects across New RD&E investment, the continued dry conditions limiting
South Wales and Queensland. water allocation and the resulting reduction in the RD&E
ISBN 978-1-76053-056-3
ISSN 1440-6845
levy income for the program. Despite this, the program
In mid-2018 the Rice Advisory Panel and industry maintained its commitment to contracted projects and
2019 Rice Program RD&E Update - Improving reviewed and revised the five year plan to place in 2018/19 the Program invested $3,359,268 in RD&E
the productivity, profitability and sustainability a greater emphasis on the need to improve water
of the Australian rice industry
projects, and a further $4,325,677 is committed to
productivity for the industry, highlighting that this may projects (from 1 July 2019 onwards).
Publication No. 19-035 require cross-sectoral investment to achieve. The Plan
was approved by the AgriFutures Australia board in The Northern Australia Rice Program is funded by a
Cover photo: NSW DPI September 2018 and focusses on RD&E to improve rice grant from the Australian Government Department
industry water use productivity and achieve the Dry Rice of Agriculture. In 2018/19 approximately $1,500,000
The information contained in this publication target of 1.5 t/ML by 2030. The plan also recognises that was invested in the project which investigates the
is intended for general use to assist public
the adoption of reduced irrigation rice production needs development of a productive rice farming system for
knowledge and discussion and to help improve the
development of sustainable regions. You must not to deliver commercially acceptable yields with reduced northern Australia. A further $1,160,000 is committed for
rely on any information contained in this publication duration or intensity of irrigation. It identifies four key investment in 2019/20 (1 July 2019 onwards).
without taking specialist advice relevant to your
objectives for RD&E:
particular circumstances. Despite being a tough year it’s been encouraging to
While reasonable care has been taken in preparing 1. Cross-sectorial research required to achieve the see a number of growers adapting their management
this publication to ensure that information is true Dry Rice 1.5 t/ML water use efficiency target by 2030. techniques producing exceptional yields, demonstrating
and correct, the Commonwealth of Australia gives
no assurance as to the accuracy of any information high water use efficiency and adopting new technology
in this publication. AgriFutures Australia
2. Rice breeding – varietal and quality improvement and innovative proactive.
The Commonwealth of Australia, AgriFutures Building 007, Tooma Way Lucinda Staley 3. Farm productivity – crop inputs, crop protection and I’d like to take this opportunity to thank the Rice
Australia, the authors or contributors expressly Charles Sturt University AgriFutures Australia
disclaim, to the maximum extent permitted by law, Locked Bag 588 Manager, Research
the farming system Extension team for coordinating the 2019 Rice RD&E
all responsibility and liability to any person, arising Wagga Wagga NSW 2650 Update and for their efforts in bringing together
directly or indirectly from any act or omission, or lucinda.staley@agrifutures.com.au 4. Extension, communication and partnership
02 6923 6900 0448 401 717 this publication.
for any consequences of any such act or omission,
info@agrifutures.com.au
development.
made in reliance on the contents of this publication,
whether or not caused by any negligence on the Please visit agrifutures.com.au/rice for information about
www.agrifutures.com.au Troy Mauger In 2018/19, the program established research
part of the Commonwealth of Australia, AgriFutures
Rice Extension current and complete RD&E projects, rice publications,
Australia, the authors or contributors. investigating the key physiological characteristics
Extension Coordinator news and updates.
The Commonwealth of Australia does not necessarily
important to rice production with changed water
0417 375 168
endorse the views in this publication. Electronically published by AgriFutures Australia
tmauger@rga.org.au
management strategies, continued development of
This publication is copyright. Apart from any use as
in August 2019 new rice varieties and further developed techniques
permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, all other rights AgriFutures Australia is the trading name for Rural for efficient fertiliser, water use and rice management
are reserved. However, wide dissemination is encouraged. Industries Research & Development Corporation techniques and precision agriculture. It has also John Smith
Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and (RIRDC), a statutory authority of the Federal In submitting this report, the researchers
rights should be addressed to AgriFutures Australia Government established by the Primary Industries agreed to AgriFutures Australia publishing this
supported research community and future leaders General Manager, Research
Communications Team on 02 6923 6900. Research and Development Act 1989. material in its edited form. through PhD scholarships and leadership training. AgriFutures Australia
04 05
Notes for readers Contents
Abbreviations, acronyms and symbols Plant Breeders Rights Inside Page
Every industry has its own language, and increasingly Several Australian rice varieties are granted Plant
Extension focuses on water use efficiency in 2019 06
its own set of abbreviations and acronyms. As much as Breeders Rights by IP Australia. This publication
possible we have tried to minimise the use of shortened acknowledges PBR for Opusp, Reiziqp, Sherpap,
Improving mid-season nitrogen management of rice 10
forms of words, however, there are a few we expect most Topazp and Viandp. The symbol indicating PBR is not
readers will be comfortable with, or some that aid the used each time the variety is named throughout
Future leaders prove a good investment 13
reading of articles. this publication.
Two alternative herbicide programs identified 16
Australian Rural Leadership Program 19
Registered trademark
CIA Coleambally Irrigation Area Research on sustainable practices helps growers reap benefits 21
CSIRO Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial
Research Organisation Product names for herbicides are used for easy
Rice Partnership yields breeding gains 23
communication, rather than using complex names of
DNA Deoxyribonucleic acid the active ingredients. Reference to these products is
Research lays the foundations for next generation healthy rice 25
not an endorsement of the product over others using
ha hectares the same active ingredient under a different name. Factors affecting the starch digestibility of rice 27
kg kilogram This publication acknowledges the registered How farm practices can impact on grain quality in south-eastern Australia 29
trademark of the following products: Agixa, Aura,
MIA Murrumbidgee Irrigation Area
Barnstorm, Gramoxone, Londax, Magister, MCPA, Nature or nurture – examining the effect of environment on rice characteristics 32
MCP multi-level capacitance probes Ordram, Saturn, Stomp, Stam and Taipan.
Exploring the impact of legumes on barnyard grass 36
N nitrogen
Research works towards ‘therapeutic rice’ enhanced with polyphenols 39
NSW New South Wales Department of
DPI Primary Industries Exploring the beneficial properties of rice bran 42
PI panicle initiation
Starch structure in relation to rice digestibility 45
QTL Quantitative trait loci (sections of DNA that
correlate with cold tolerance and underlying Adapting rice to the heat of north Queensland’s tropical environment 48
physiological mechanisms in the plant)
Battling rice pests and diseases in a changing regulatory world 51
t tonne (metric)
Identifying traits for aerobic 'DryRice' varieties for the Riverina 54
WGY whole grain yield
Northern varieties that meet market demand are back in development 57
Towards tropically – adapted rice varieties for northern Australia 60
Growing practices research sets northern Australia up for Asian market access 63
Developing high quality rice for northern Australia 66
06 07
Extension focuses on
water use efficiency in 2019
Troy Mauger, Harriet Brickhill
and Charleton Glenn PRJ-010696 Project timeframe
Rice Extension Extension for improved 2018-2020
efficiency and sustainability
in the rice industry
The Short Story
Objectives
1. Uptake of rice industry best management
Rice Extension shares research practices and adoption of new technologies Two new extension officers Harriet Brickhill (left) and Charleton Glenn (right) joined Rice Extension this year.
findings, agronomic advice, through effective and timely dissemination
and information about best of key R&D information for rice-based
farming systems. Water use efficiency and grower wellbeing The increase in engagement through digital
management practices through
platforms includes:
print, email, social media and 2. Effective coordination between rice industry In C19 extension focused on water use efficiency
public and private sectors.
grower meetings. and grower wellbeing and two new major initiatives • A 23% increase in followers on the @RiceExtension
– Industry Awards and Tier 1 Leadership Program Twitter account which now has 1230 followers
3. Increased uptake of innovations, technological
The ultimate aim of Rice Extension is to advancements and best management practices – to increase the adoption of best practice and
capacity of people in the rice industry. • Rice Extension Facebook page has now 638 likes
improve grower profitability, productivity and in the short, medium and long term. including a 32% increase in the Women in Rice
sustainability. We do this through collaboration,
Facebook group
networking and sharing of ideas to support the 4. Increased capacity of the people in the
adoption of best management practices and rice industry through improved skills, Outcomes • Website traffic has increased for unique visitors
new technology in rice farming systems. communication and collaboration. tracking at 2526 which have viewed 6877 pages in
Rice Extension held 31 events in C19, attracting total the year to date
Rice Extension is funded directly by rice 5. Increased alignment of AgriFutures™ Rice attendances of 1055 people. Key events included the
R&D levies and the Australian Government Program RD&E investment with grower needs. 2018 R,D&E update, pre-season meetings and the • Distribution of 11 newsletters with an average open
through AgriFutures Australia. It has formal annual Rice Industry Field day. rate of 33% from circa 1650 recipients.
linkages with its Grower Steering Group,
C19 saw an increase in people seeking information Through extension growers continued the uptake of
SunRice, RGA and AgriFutures Australia to New extension officers join Rice Extension
through digital platforms. Information delivered best management practices to be more sustainable
identify emerging issues.
Rice Extension is delivered by a team of three via digital platforms is targeted and timely. The and profitable by adopting water saving techniques. The
people through a range of mediums including information remains very accessible and convenient water saving techniques adopted this season included
face-to-face delivery, field days and farm walks, for users interacting with it. drill sowing, delaying permanent water, sowing into
case studies, industry publications and digital moisture and planting late in November. Case studies and
communication. Harriet Brickhill and Charleton early season field walks were used to demonstrate how
Glenn joined coordinator Troy Mauger in March growers have successfully adopted these water saving
The ultimate aim of Rice 2019 upon the departure of Gae Plunkett and Through extension growers techniques. Drill sowing was a feature of all field walks
in C19 and included two on farm demonstrations where
Extension is to improve grower Leah Garnett. continued the uptake of best water use was measured.
profitability, productivity and management practices to be more
The number of growers using drill sowing this year to
sustainability. sustainable and profitable by reduce water usage was 96% in Coleambally, up from 64%
adopting water saving techniques. in C18. More importantly 67% of all paddocks were direct
drilled in C19, many of them drill sowing for the first time.
08 09
Extension focuses on
water use efficiency in 2019
Table 1: Percentage of paddocks in each region sown using each sowing method 2017-18 compared to 2018-19
showing an increase in the direct drill sowing method in all regions. (Source: SunRice Grower Services)
Sowing MIA CIA WMV EMV All areas
method
C18 C19 C18 C19 C18 C19 C18 C19 C18 C19
Aerial 5% 1% 13% 0% 37% 24% 65% 23% 29% 8%
Dry Broadcast 52% 39% 23% 4% 22% 0% 5% 0% 29% 25%
Direct Drill 43% 59% 64% 96% 41% 76% 30% 77% 42% 67%
The Rice Industry Field day at Rice Research Australia (RRAPL) this year attracted 250 people.
WMV Western Murray Valley. EMV Eastern Murray Valley.
Inaugural Rice Industry Awards • Rice 101 workshop – targeted new or inexperienced
Rice$cenario, developed by Rice Extension and a team Continued and targeted extension of Rice$cenario in people entering the rice industry with 24 people in
of experts in 2015 is an online planning tool for growers newsletters and through forums such as the Women In Rice Extension continues to explore new ways to attendance
and their advisors for water budgeting, gross margin Rice group has seen the adoption year on year of this increase the adoption of best practice including through
analysis and cash flow budgeting. Users can plan tool increase 21% in number of users to 357 in total. the Rice Industry Awards, a new initiative to identify • Facilitating the RGA Tier 1 “Introduction to the Rice
enterprise scenarios to gain an understanding of how A 24% increase in the number of surveys (scenarios) local credible ‘change champions’. Industry” leadership program in which 14 people
much water they need and what price can they afford to undertaken is another indicator of the increase in completed the program
purchase water. adoption of this tool as growers manage the challenges There are three categories:
• Rice Extension increased alignment of AgriFutures
that the C19 presented them. • SunRice Rice Grower of the Year Award Rice R&D funded programs with grower needs
through the grower steering committee and reports
• Rice Extension Highest Yield Award
to the RGA Central Executive board. Further to this,
Table 2: The use of Rice$ceanrio has seen an increase in usage every year from July 2016 to July 2019 • RGA Honorary Councillor Award two reports to the Rice R,D & E advisory board and
participation in these advisory meetings ensure
The practices of the 2019 winners, Jerilderie NSW alignment with programs.
Rice$cenario usage 2016-2019 growers Peter and Renee Burke, and finalists will
be documented as case studies to promote best
management practice. A field day conducted on the
July 16 July 17 YOY % July 18 YOY % July 19 YOY % 16-19 Acknowledgement
Burke’s farm on 12 December will encourage effective
growth
peer-to-peer learning. This project is funded by AgriFutures™ Rice Program.
(3 seasons)
Data Files 159 265 66 362 37 444 23 280%
(farms) Collaboration and capacity building
Effective coordination between Rice Extension and the Contact
# surveys 282 502 78 670 33 834 24 295%
industry was undertaken through informal and formal Troy Mauger, Harriet Brickhill and
(scenarios)
meetings and projects. Formal meetings included Charleton Glenn, Rice Extension
technical updates for agronomists, Rice Crop Protection
Unique 140 222 59 294 32 357 21 255%
Group meetings and the Harvest Review meeting. Troy Mauger
emails/
Collaborative projects included the CERES imaging Rice Extension
users
pilot program with Brian Dunn, NSW DPI and measuring
water use on farm with Alex Schultz, NSW DPI.
M 0417 375 169
In C19 Rice Extension built the capacity of people in the E tmauger@rga.org.au
rice industry through new and innovative ways such as:
10 11
Improving mid-season nitrogen
management of rice
Brian Dunn PRJ-011058 Project timeframe
NSW Department of Primary Industries Improving mid-season 2018-2021
nitrogen management of rice
The Short Story
Objectives
• Develop scripts required to enable red edge
For many years growers have been sensor imagery to be automatically processed
keen to move away from physically and embedded in an online delivery system,
sampling their rice crops at panicle allowing growers to access normalised
initiation (PI) to determine crop difference red edge (NDRE) maps of their rice
fields at panicle initiation (PI).
nitrogen requirements.
• Refine algorithms for predicting PI nitrogen Using drones can reduce the need for physical crop sampling.
The previous project PRJ-009772 (Moving uptake from NDRE providing accurate spatial
forward with NIR and remote sensing) PI nitrogen topdressing recommendations
researched options for predicting PI nitrogen to growers.
using remote sensing and identified imagery
Research Outcomes
that uses the red-edge waveband provided a • Utilise phenology data to develop improved Each season rice variety by nitrogen experiments with 1. Red-edge imagery was commercially available to
strong correlation. models for prediction of PI date for aerial, drill large plots (11 x 11 metre) are established to provide growers for the first time in the 2018-19 season.
and delayed permanent water (DPW) rice sowing a range of treatments with varying nitrogen uptake
This project will allow progression and possible methods. Extend the modelling to include 2. Scripts have been developed to enable red-edge
levels at PI. These experiments are developed for both
transition towards the goal of remotely sensed sensor imagery to be processed and embedded in
prediction of anthesis date and work towards drill and DPW management practices and are used
spatial field maps for PI nitrogen uptake. the SunRice GIS allowing growers to access spatial
the prediction of rice maturity date. to build the algorithms necessary to predict nitrogen
Success would resolve the issue rice growers NDRE maps of their rice fields at PI.
uptake from remotely sensed imagery.
have with physically sampling their crops at PI • Research current and new satellite, aerial
and the errors that can occur due to inaccurate and drone based red edge and hyperspectral Several different sources of imagery that show 3. Algorithms for predicting PI nitrogen uptake
sampling and field variability. Growers could sensors as they become available to improve potential in rice at panicle initiation are used to build from red-edge imagery have been developed and
then be provided with PI nitrogen topdressing prediction of PI N uptake in rice without the relationships with crop growth and nitrogen data research is continuing to overcome seasonal
recommendation maps of their rice crops need for physical crop sampling for all varieties. obtained by physical sampling of the plots. Over variability which is making it difficult to produce an
delivered through the SunRice GIS. the last two seasons red-edge imagery has been accurate multi-season algorithm.
Maintain the NIR instrument and rice calibrations capture by Ceres Imaging (see Figure 1) using an
4. Phenology data was used to develop a new two
and ensure growers receive accurate nitrogen aerial based platform.
stage PI date prediction model for drill and DPW
topdressing recommendations from the NIR Tissue
In the 2018-19 season, 15 commercial fields were rice sowing methods. This was made available to
Test Service. Ensure research projects have accurate
also imaged by Ceres Imaging, providing growers and growers for use in the 2018-19 season.
and cost-effective sample analysis results.
agronomists with red-edge imagery at PI to base their
Red-edge imagery was topdressing recommendations on. Several of these
5. Maintenance of the NIR instrument and rice
calibrations was ensured and growers received
commercially available to fields were physically sampled across the range of
accurate nitrogen topdressing recommendations
growers for the first time in NDRE values to ground truth the imagery.
from the NIR Tissue Test Service. Research projects
the 2018-19 season. also received accurate and cost-effective sample
analysis results.
12 13
Improving mid-season nitrogen
management of rice Future leaders prove a
good investment
Implications
Ainsley Massina PRJ-011075 Project timeframe
The availability of red-edge imagery to rice growers
and agronomists this season was a major step
forward in the identification of crop variability Ricegrowers’ Association of Australia Rice Industry 2018-2020
at PI. Red-edge imagery more accurately shows Leadership Program
nitrogen variability across the field than normalised
difference vegetation index (NDVI) and growers
can use NDRE to guide sampling for the NIR Tissue
Test. This allows zoning of fields for accurate PI
N application rates. The red-edge imagery is also
particularly useful in identifying grower practices The Short Story
that result in uneven nitrogen application which
increases crop variability. Objectives
• A self-replenishing, multi-skilled and diverse rice
A processing flow has been developed to quickly The Ricegrowers Association of industry leadership cohort capable of servicing the
import remote sensing data from aerial, UAV and
Australia Inc (RGA) believes leadership needs of the rice industry.
satellite platforms. This data is then transformed
into maps showing spatial variation of vegetation developing leaders is an
• A knowledge, skilled and articulate rice industry
indices using red-edge bands. These vegetation investment in the future of our leadership cohort.
indices are then transformed into maps of nitrogen
industry. The 2018–2020 Rice
uptake using algorithms developed during the Figure 1. NDRE Image collected by Ceres Imaging at PI and • More unified and active rice industry leader’s
project. The scripts to do this were written in Google recommended nitrogen application rate zone map based on results Industry Leadership Program has alumni network.
determined by crop sampling and NIR Tissue Test results.
Earth Engine, and enable automatic export of per- been established to provide that
site maps. • More robust and in-depth understanding of the
opportunity to potential drivers and impediments to the uptake of the
These can then be transferred to Agtrix for display industry leaders. Leadership Program positions.
(with appropriate access restrictions for each Acknowledgements
account) in the SunRice GIS platform. The update of The development of strong and effective
the PI date predictor with a new two stage prediction This project is jointly funded by AgriFuturesTM Rice Project Summary
industry leadersassists the rice industry
for drill and DPW was an important improvement for Program and NSW Department of Primary Industries.
to not only structurally adjust to themany
growers. Identification of PI is important for nitrogen Project collaborators included Dr James Brinkhoff and RGA believes developing leaders is investing in the
drivers of change influencing the industry, but
management in rice. Dr Andrew Robson, University of New England, Dr future of the rice industry. Developing strong and
allows the industry to continue its economic,
Remy Dehaan, Charles Sturt University and Dr Rebecca effective industry leaders will assist the rice industry
environmental and innovation success.
The new model inputs both first flush and Darbyshire, NSW DPI. The dedication and diligence to not only structurally adjust to the many drivers
Through strong leadership development,
permanent water dates to more accurately predict PI of Tina Dunn, Craig Hodges and Chris Dawe has been of change influencing the industry, but to allow the
the industry is better positioned to embrace
as permanent water date is variable for drill sowing crucial to the success of this project. industry to continue its economic, environmental
both the opportunities and challenges facing
and DPW rice growing practices. All NIR calibrations our industry. and innovation success. Through strong leadership
were successfully updated which allowed the NIR development, the industry is better positioned to
Tissue Test Service to provide growers with accurate embrace both the opportunities and challenges facing
nitrogen recommendations. our industry. The Rice Industry Leadership Program
provides training and developing with programs
The variety agronomy project and the Rice targeting three levels of experience:
Contact
Partnership also used the NIR and its calibrations Participant feedback indicated
for inexpensive sample analysis for research. The Brian Dunn Tier 1: Introduction to the Rice Industry
analysis undertaken in these projects using the NIR
the opportunity to network
NSW Department of Primary Industries
would have cost in excess of $100,000 if required to with liked-minded people from This program has been designed for new and/or
inexperienced people with a passion and interest in the
be undertaken using commercial laboratory testing. within the industry was the rice industry. The focus of the program is to engage
M 02 6951 2621
E brian.dunn@dpi.nsw.gov.au most rewarding aspect of the the next generation of leaders with the challenges
program. and opportunities facing agriculture and enable
14 15
Future leaders prove a
good investment
Tier 2: Foundation of Leadership Results
Foundations of Leadership was completed by 19 A total of 38 participants have completed the three
participants in May and July 2018. This program leadership programs, of these participants 20% went
was developed and delivered in conjunction with the into leadership roles within the rice industry and
Australian Rural Leaders Foundation. The program was supporting industries. This includes directorships,
an eight-day residential program delivered across two board appointments, advisory appointments and
sessions. committee member appointments. The programs have
attracted a diverse group of participants, 57% female
Participants were given the opportunity to develop and 43% male with an age range from 20 to 55 years.
their own personal leadership style, through interactive
and consultative learning. Throughout the program Evaluation has shown participants found the programs
participants completed group projects with one to be rewarding and believe they have gained the
group introducing the RGA to Mentorloop, an online theoretical knowledge required and confidence to step
mentoring program currently being trialled within into leadership positions within the rice industry and
SunRice and the RGA. broader agricultural industry.
Tier 3: Established Leaders
Four Tier 1 leaders were selected to go to Canberra and meeting with industry bodies, departments and politicians including
Member for Farrer, Sussan Ley. Pictured: Troy Mauger, Rice Extension Coordinator, Tom Doyle, Rachel Kelly, RGA Policy The Established Leaders program was completed over Acknowledgements
Manager, Sam Sleigh, Josh Hart, Hon Sussan Ley MP and Samantha Glenn. an eight-month period, commencing in December 2018
with five participants completing the Foundations of The RGA received $367,960 in funding from the
Directorship course with the Australian Institute of Australian Government’s $5 million Leadership in
Company Directors. The participants then travelled Agricultural Industries Fund. In addition, RGA is
them to gain exposure to the industry and associated succession planning, this program ensures future to Sydney to work with Zoe Routh, an accomplished supported to the tune of $662,760 by key organisations
organisations. The program is run over two sessions, directors have the skills, knowledge and experience facilitator to work on ‘Governance in Action’. Finally, servicing the rice industry, including AgriFuturesTM
including taking the participants to Canberra to gain to effectively steer organisations in the rice industry the participants travelled to Vietnam to observe the Rice Program, SunRice, The Rice Marketing Board for
invaluable experience and networking opportunities. into the future. SunRice business and develop their knowledge on the State of NSW and Rice Extension. RGA thanks all
international business and internal trade. Four out of organisations for their contribution.
Tier 2: Foundation of Leadership
the five participants have nominated for a position on
This program developed in conjunction with the
Outcomes the SunRice Board. One participant has recently been
The RGA would also like to thank our delivery partners
Australian Rural Leaders Foundations, Rice Extension
Australian Rural Leaders Foundation, targets Tier 1: Introduction to the Rice Industry appointed to the AgriFutures Rice Advisory Panel.
and SunRice for leading the Established Leaders
rice growers and industry representatives who have
A leadership alumni event was held in conjunction with through Vietnam.
demonstrated an interest in pursuing leadership Introduction to the Rice Industry was completed
opportunities within the sector/region. Foundation of in February 2019 and 14 participants undertook 2019 RGA Annual Conference, bringing together past
Leadership gives participants an opportunity to the four-day residential program in Deniliquin. participants of leadership programs to extend their
develop self-leadership skills and increase their The program content was developed and delivered learning and provide a networking opportunity.
knowledge around corporate governance and critical in conjunction with the Rice Extension team.
thinking. The RGA sees this program as a great Throughout the program participants were
opportunity for individuals to make a decision about introduced to industry advocacy, personality profiling, A total of 38 participants
their leadership pathways. communication and presentation. Four participants
from the 14 were selected to attend Part 2 of the
have completed the three Contact
Tier 3: Established Leaders program. These participants will travel to Canberra to leadership programs, of these
Ainsley Massina
Established Leaders has been developed to target
further their learning. Participant feedback indicated participants 20% went into RGA Leadership Coordinator
the opportunity to network with liked-minded people
rice growers and industry representatives who have
from within the industry was the most rewarding
leadership roles within the
experience and ambitions to take on a directorship rice industry and supporting
aspect of the program. M 0428 859 214
position in the future. Understanding the importance of
industries. E amassina@rga.org.au
16 17
Two alternative herbicide
programs identified
Extending the period of residual weed control into Dry soil Saturn
Project timeframe the mid tillering phase of rice crop development is
Malcolm Taylor PRJ-011136
required to avoid repeated use of Group A and B post Saturn® is currently registered for application prior to
emergence herbicides in aerobic crops. HRAC groups G, flooding fields destined to be water-seeded for control
Agropraisals Pty. Ltd. Rice Weed Management in 2018-2022 J and K appear the most prospective as a source of new of barnyard grass and dirty Dora. In a single field trial,
Australia products for extended residual weed control. sequences of Saturn® applied to dry soil followed by
Ubeniq® at 3 leaf stage rice (LSR) provided excellent
control of all weeds and the highest rice grain yields.
Research Delaying Saturn® application until after flooding (ie:
on the day of sowing) resulted in severe rice injury and
The Short Story Eleven replicated field trials were conducted in drill seedling mortality. Saturn® applied to dry soil followed
and water seeded rice during the 2018-2019 season by Ubeniq® warrants further investigation as a possible
Background addressing the following issues: alternate strategy to Ordram® plus Taipan®.
Rice weed management has seen major advances in
The project has identified two the past 30 years, such that Australian rice crops rarely
alternative programs for water suffer any major loss of potential yield due to weed Water seeded rice Drill seeded rice
seeded rice that offer an alternative competition. A suite of herbicides of differing modes
Herbicide program performance comparisons for water Glufosinate applied post flush, pre emergence
of action are recommended for water seeded, dry
to Taipan®: Ordram® followed by broadcast and drill seeded rice. seeded rice
Glufosinate was applied post flush. pre-emergence
Ubeniq®; and Saturn® applied to dry
On-going access and utility of these herbicide products Nineteen programs for water seeded rice were compared. (PFPE) at 250 – 2000 gai/ha in two field trials and
soil followed by Ubeniq®. is by no means assured due to registration reviews and compared to standards of paraquat @ 250 gai/ha and
the development of herbicide resistance. There is an • Londax® treatments failed to control all glyphosate @ 1000 gai/ha. No rice injury was noted with
Glufosinate appears to be well tolerated as a aquatic weeds. these treatments.
on-going need for innovation to maintain the frequency
post flush, pre-emergence (PFPE) knockdown
of achieving weed free crops. • Taipan® treatments controlled all aquatic
herbicide in drill sown rice. AgixaTM performs well
as a late POST treatment to follow PFPE Magister® weeds (except Jerry Jerry).
Herbicide resistance is a major challenge to rice
plus Stomp®. The addition of Stomp® to AgixaTM AgixaTM programs
production. Target site and metabolic resistance has • Ubeniq® controlled all aquatic weeds (except
improves residual barnyard grass control for crops been documented for most herbicide groups in rice, dirty Dora). Five trials were sprayed at Widgelli, Coleambally
managed with delayed permanent water. One requiring deliberate policies of rotation and combination and Cobram evaluating sequences of Gramoxone®
new compound demonstrated promise as a pre- • Sharpen® controlled dirty Dora and starfruit
of herbicide groups, coupled with alternation of seeding plus Stomp® plus Magister® applied post flush, pre-
emergence herbicide for barnyard grass control in but failed to control arrowhead and Jerry Jerry.
techniques and crop rotations. Maximising options emergence (PFPE) followed by AgixaTM (+/- Stomp®)
drill sown rice. available to Australian ricegrowers serves both to • AgixaTM controlled all grass and aquatic weeds applied post emergence (POST). Four sites were
prolong the potential life of herbicides and lower input except dirty Dora. assessed for efficacy and crop safety, while three were
costs by increasing competition in the marketplace. harvested.
• Sequences of Ordram® or Saturn® dry soil
Residual grass weed control is critical to the success followed by Ubeniq® at 3 leaf stage rice (LSR)
Key outcomes were that the sequence of PFPE followed
Objectives and reliability of delayed permanent water (aerobic) or AgixaTM at 4 LSR or Basagran® M60 gave
by POST treatments ensured effective weed control and
rice production. This treatment timing (post flush, excellent control of all weeds.
• Evaluate new herbicides for their selectivity and maximum rice grain yield potential. A single herbicide
pre-emergence) usually involves tank mixing with a • Mixing Ubeniq® plus OIL plus Sharpen® treatment (either PFPE or POST) did not reliably control
efficacy in both dry (aerobic, drill seeded culture)
knockdown herbicide (paraquat or glyphosate). We are resulted in severe point of application all grass weeds (barnyard, silvertop or coolah grass) at
and water seeded (pre-germinated and dry sown)
investigating glufosinate as an alternative to both of phytotoxicity. all sites.
rice.
these knockdown herbicides, given the doubtful long-
• Develop new programs for rice weed control that term viability of either compound due to resistance and Addition of Stomp® to AgixaTM demonstrated some
are effective and deliver multiple modes of action merit for extending residual barnyard grass control
registration challenges. There is an on-going need and warrants further evaluation of crop tolerance
concurrently on the same cohort of weeds.
for innovation to maintain and rate definition. One instance of narrowing of rice
• Maintain and improve agronomist competency in
order to keep rice crops weed free, thus enabling
the frequency of achieving leaves was noted with AgixaTM in circumstances where
severe drought stress occurred after the treatment was
optimum water use efficiency and profitability. weed free crops. applied. (Data not presented).
18 19
Australian Rural Leadership Program
Rachel Kelly PRJ-007786 Project timeframe
Ricegrowers’ Association of Australia (RGA) Australian Rural Leadership 2017-2018
Program – Course 24
The Short Story
Harvest challenge posed by severe crop lodging.
Objectives
As a result of the ARLP course, Rachel aims to:
Experimental PFPE treatments Publications
Rachel Kelly, Ricegrowers’
Association of Australia (RGA) 1. Develop future leaders
Four experimental treatments were evaluated as Rice Weed Control Winter 2019 Trial Update (14 pages)
potential PFPE treatments in a single trial. None prepared for June 2019 season research de-brief at Old
Policy Manager completed the Developing a self-replenishing cohort of capable
matched the performance of the standard of Coree, Jerilderie. Australian Rural Leadership and effective industry leaders is essential to
Magister® plus Stomp®. Program (ARLP) Course 24 assisting the rice industry to adjust and continue its
economic, environmental and innovation success.
in 2017-2018. In addition to implementing the current Rice
Acknowledgements
Industry Leadership Program, Rachel is committed
Extended residual treatments At a professional level Rachel is committed
This research was conducted with support from the to ensuring that leadership development remains
to seeking the very best outcome for growers,
Five experimental herbicides were evaluated as post AgriFuturesTM Rice Program. a strong focus for the industry, and continuing to
industries and communities and the ARLP
emergence (2 LSR) residual herbicides for barnyard work with the whole industry to seek out future
AgixaTM program trials were conducted collaboratively experience provided her with significant
grass control in a single trial. One compound matched opportunities to support leadership development.
with the Rice Extension team and Corteva Agriscience. learnings, tools and resources to achieve this.
the performance of Stomp® and warrants further
2. Foster industry research and development
investigation as an extended residual treatment for The rice and irrigation industries and
delayed permanent water rice culture. associated communities are currently, and
The Rice Research and Development (R&D) program
have been for some time now, undergoing
Four experimental treatments significant structural adjustment. External
is one of the key resources that will assist the
industry to innovate and adjust. The purpose of the
Implications were evaluated as potential PFPE pressures including continuous water
current Rice R&D Levy Review is to ensure that the
treatments in a single trial. reforms, the sequence of droughts, increasing
industries R&D program is adequately resourced
We have identified two alternative programs for input costs and competition for the precious
to reach the programs objectives, in particular
water seeded rice that offer an alternative to Taipan®: water resource have significantly influenced
regarding the development of ‘Dry Rice’.
Ordram® followed by Ubeniq®; and Saturn® Dry Soil the industry.
followed by Ubeniq®. Glufosinate appears to be well
However, necessity is the mother of invention’ Meeting these objectives is critical to ensuring rice
tolerated as a post flush, pre-emergence (PFPE)
and the rice industry has continued to evolve production remains competitive into the future.
knockdown herbicide in drill sown rice. Contact in terms of its structure and marketing, Rachel wants to see the growers levy put to best
Agixa performs well as a late post treatment to follow
TM varietal development and growing practices, use, and will continue to work with the broader
Malcolm Taylor
PFPE Magister® plus Stomp®. The addition of Stomp® environmental credentials and much more, industry to make sure this is the case.
Agropraisals Pty. Ltd.
to AgixaTM improves residual barnyard grass control for and this innovation and change will continue
crops managed with delayed permanent water. One new into the future.
compound demonstrated promise as a pre-emergence M 0427 722 892
herbicide for barnyard grass control in drill sown rice. E malcolmc.taylor@bigpond.com20 21
Australian Rural Leadership
Program Research on sustainable practices
helps growers reap benefits
3. Improve industry collaboration
Brian Dunn PRJ-009790 Project timeframe
The rice industry is made up of many moving parts
that each play an important role. However the ARLP
experience has reinforced that the best outcomes NSW Department of Primary Industries Rice variety nitrogen and 2015-2020
are achieved when we work together. Examples agronomic management
of where improved industry collaboration has Rachel Kelly (pictured back row, third from left) touring with
been achieved to date include the Rice Industry other members of the Australian Rural Leadership Program.
Leadership Program and Leadership Taskforce,
the Rice Leaders Alumni event, the Rice R&D
Stakeholder Reference Group and the Grower
Reference Group. However there is still significant
Rachel says: “Through our family business, we
feel that we can provide leadership through the
The Short Story
opportunity to increase the level of collaboration implementation of best management practice and Objectives
across the industry and broader community, participating in the extension of this, and through
and will continue to work towards seeking out actively participating in decision making within The considerable research • Provide rice growers with an agronomic
these opportunities and implementing suitable the community and industry, and through being management package for current rice varieties
frameworks for collaboration (including an industry open to discussion and new ideas with peers and
undertaken in this project on drill and new varieties when released.
water strategy). advisors, and the broader community. I am currently sowing, delayed permanent water
a committee member of a number of community (DPW) and aerobic rice growing • Determine nitrogen requirements, including total
4. Create better teamwork around water reform organisations, and plan to maintain these roles, N and split timings, for optimal growth and grain
and if time becomes available, seek out additional
practices is crucial in providing yield of current and new varieties when released.
Water reform has been constant driver of change opportunities. Finally I am committed to continuing valuable information to the industry
for decades, and there is still years of challenges • Understand the phenology of current and new
and opportunities ahead. Within the advocacy
my leadership learnings. I recently completed a on practices that provide improved varieties when aerial and drill sown in both
Graduate Certificate of Rural Leadership through
space, there are a number of industry groups and James Cook University, and have recently completed
rice water productivity. valleys over different seasonal conditions.
individuals who do not function to their full potential the Australian Institute of Company Directors’
because they do not trust one another. This lack Although growing aerobic rice in our environment • Incorporate nitrogen, agronomy and
Program. I will also seek out other professional phenology results into the NIR Tissue Test,
of trust impacts significantly upon the potential appears to be less than ideal, DPW is providing
development opportunities where they arise and nitrogen topdressing recommendations and
productivity of these industry representatives. significant improvements in water productivity
am more actively seeking feedback and mentorship rice variety guide.
and is being increasingly adopted by growers as a
where possible.”
Rachel believes she can assist to create the practical and sustainable practice. Sowing dates,
• Provide results and grain samples to the Rice
environments where these representatives can along with water and nitrogen management,
Breeding and Grain Quality team and SunRice
build a greater level trust in one another, thereby are important factors where our research
Acknowledgements for grain quality testing and variety market
improving their overall productivity and the provides growers and agronomists with valuable
evaluation.
outcomes achieved for the sector. In addition, Rachel thanks ARLP and encourages others to apply. recommendations for successful adoption of this
knowledge is power, and Rachel feels one of the water saving practice.
best ways she can assist growers to adapt to the
external pressures created by water reform is to During this project all current commercial rice Background
educate them about these reforms, and the current varieties and five new near-to-release varieties
(YRM70 (Viand), YRK5, YDP44, VO03 and VO38) New rice varieties require agronomic profiling before
state-of-play for irrigation. This will then enable
have been provided by the rice breeding team for successful adoption on-farm. Nitrogen management is
growers to better account for these reforms when
assessment of grain yield and agronomic traits. a critical area of rice agronomy; it impacts considerably
making critical business decisions, ensuring their Contact on crop phenology and is a major driver of yield. At the
sustainability. This project provides valuable information on
Rachel Kelly the yield and agronomic traits of these varieties start of this project the newly released variety Topaz and
5. Develop wellbeing for the broader community Ricegrowers’ Association of Australia (RGA) before they are considered for commercial close to release varieties YRM70 (Viand) and YRK5 did
release. Research from this project will ensure not have agronomic and nitrogen management packages
Rachel is passionate about the wellbeing of that in future when a new variety is released, a available to growers. Up to date agronomy, nitrogen
ricegrower communities, and will continue to seek comprehensive growing guide will be available for and phenology research has also not been conducted
M 0437 767 289
out opportunities to maintain and improve this. its successful production. on many of the current varieties and no system was in
E rkelly@rga.org.au22 23
Research on sustainable practices
helps growers reap benefits Rice Partnership yields breeding gains
place to gather this information for any future varieties Peter Snell, Prakash Oli
released. It was identified that for growers to increase Project timeframe
and Bert Collard PRJ-009950
productivity and profitability from rice growing, with
changing sowing and water management practices,
it is essential that agronomy, nitrogen and phenology NSW Department of Primary Industries, Australian Rice 2015-2020
research be conducted to fill this knowledge gap. Yanco Agricultural Institute Partnership Phase 2
Research Figure 1. Aerobic, delayed permanent water and conventional
drill managed bays at Yanco Agricultural Institute in the
Each season rice experiments are established across
the growing regions of southern NSW using current and
2018/19 season assessing varieties for the tolerance to The Short Story
reduced ponding (photo by Tina Dunn).
near-to-release rice varieties to determine agronomic Objectives
management effects. These experiments are often
located in grower’s commercial fields and include aerial,
dry broadcast, conventional drill and drill with delayed The Yanco Agricultural Institute Developing new varieties fulfilling market requirements
Data collected on plant phenology for the different is the main objective. Extensive quality evaluation is a key
permanent water (DPW) growing methods. varieties grown in different regions and with different (YAI) rice breeding program aims component of the breeding program.
The experiments are monitored and sampled throughout
management practices is providing critical data for the to deliver new improved varieties
development of models including the PI predictor in Current grain types include:
the season to determine key growth stages with panicle to the industry. More than 20
the “Improving mid-season nitrogen management of
initiation (PI), microspore, flowering and maturity (22%
rice” project PRJ-011058. The development of models varieties have been developed • Reiziq style medium grain
grain moisture) determined for each variety. Plant
establishment is recorded, and physical samples
to predict flowering and maturity (22% grain moisture) with specific grain quality types • Calrose style medium grain
dates is also progressing and is using the valuable data in the last few decades. Currently,
collected at PI and maturity so crop growth, grain yield • Soft-cooking long grain
produced in this project.
and yield components can be determined. Water depth rice breeding in Australia is • Jasmine style fragrant long grain
and water and air temperature data is collected at each
site to determine their effects on crop development, conducted within a collaboration • Koshihikari style short grain
growth and yield. Grain quality samples are also Acknowledgements between NSW Department of • New healthier rice varieties
collected once the varieties reach maturity.
This project is jointly funded by AgriFutures Rice
TM Primary Industries, SunRice and (e.g. low GI, coloured).
Aerobic, drill and DPW bays were also established at Program and NSW Department of Primary Industries. AgriFuturesTM Rice Program called
Researchers are also engaged in applied research activities
Yanco Agricultural Institute (YAI) (Figure 1) to assess The dedication and diligence of Tina Dunn, Craig Hodges the Australian Rice Partnership. focusing on improving yield stability, cold tolerance and WUE,
growth and yield of current commercial varieties and and Chris Dawe has been crucial to the success of this
preparing for biosecurity threats and the implementation of
genotypes with greater cold tolerance and traits that project in providing high quality research outputs to This has been an ongoing partnership since DNA markers.
contribute to aerobic adaptation from the University of enable valuable recommendations for growers. We also 2011. In the future, the Partnership strives to
Queensland project “Traits of importance for aerobic acknowledge Ben Heaslip for his ongoing support in further improve water use efficiency (WUE) Other projects include highly-focused market-driven research
‘DryRice’ varieties for the Riverina region”. sowing and harvesting several experiments. such as shorter duration crops, and upscale within a milestone titled “New science for existing varieties”
the implementation of DNA markers to improve including pre- and post-milling cracking, storage related
breeding efficiency. changes in grain quality and exploring the science for healthier
Grower practices and functional rice and arsenic uptake for organic farming.
Other priorities include: improving existing
A major benefit from this project is the grain quality Contact methods of Quality Evaluation Program;
research of grower practices that has been undertaken introducing new methods such as
Background
by PhD student Rachael Wood. We have worked with Brian Dunn implementing methods to screen for GI,
Rachael to provide her with grain samples for quality NSW Department of Primary Industries polyphenols; and looking into the interaction The Yanco Agricultural Institute (YAI) is the headquarters
analysis covering aerial, drill, DPW and aerobic growing of post-harvest conditions on grain quality of for rice breeding in Australia. Key breeding activities such
practices, variable plant populations, nitrogen rates and specific varieties. as crossing, population development, data measurement
split timings. The output from Rachael’s research will be M 02 6951 2621 and selection are performed each year. Glasshouse facilities
extremely valuable to the rice industry going into a more E brian.dunn@dpi.nsw.gov.au permit specialised and off-season activities.
water scarce future.24 25
Research lays the foundations for
next generation healthy rice
Prof. Christopher Blanchard PRJ-009805 Project timeframe
Researchers are engaged in applied research activities. Each year, the most advanced new breeding lines are rigorously tested
for agronomic performance, quality and sensory characteristics. Australian Research Council Industrial Next Generation 2015-2019
Transformation Training Centre for Functional Healthy Rice
A quality evaluation program (QEP) and DNA marker Research and Development Grains, Charles Sturt University
program are both integrated within core breeding
operations. Replicated breeding trials, seed production and The project’s priority is to conduct highly-applied R&D with the
cold tolerance screening activities are conducted at Rice intention to implement outputs into the core breeding program.
Research Australia Pty Ltd (RRAPL), “Old Coree” Jerilderie.
Considerable activities are conducted to provide supply
The Short Story
Each year, district trials are conducted for the latest
chain support on variety specific issues within the new Objectives
advanced breeding lines.
science for existing varieties milestone.
This project will assist in delivering The aims of this project were to develop, validate
Other applied activities include improving efficiency of
Overview and deploy a high throughput assay for screening
breeding operations or processes, such as implementing new high value rice varieties which the digestibility of rice genotypes. The assay will
new methods or systems (for example, optimising new
An annual operational plan is developed each year to
equipment or machinery).
result in an increase in profitability assist rice breeders to develop new high-value rice
co-ordinate all activities and logistics. The annual field for Australia rice farmers. varieties that have a low glycaemic index.
footprint of the breeding program at Yanco is about 13 to 14 In separate, linked project, the Partnership is involved
hectares. Program metrics include: in evaluating and developing new varieties for Northern Australian rice marketers and exporters,
Australia (PRJ-010813). SunRice, will also benefit through the delivery Background
Breeding metrics (annual)
of premium varieties into high value markets.
• 200 – 300 crosses It is also associated with many other ancillary research The outcomes of the project will also benefit Consumers are becoming more aware of the
projects conducted by external institutions (e.g. universities) consumers by having access to healthier potential for the food to deliver health benefits. One
• > 23,000 rows across the country, which ensures that research outputs are rice varieties. area of interest is in the consumption of foods with
• > 6000 plots incorporated within the program. a low glycaemic index (GI) as consuming food with a
low GI is thought to be associated with a number of
• District trials (3 to 6 locations) in grower’s field A collection of more than 1400 rice accessions from all over
health benefits.
the world is also maintained at Yanco. These accessions are
QEP (annual)
an invaluable source of new traits and genes for breeding. Most rice varieties are considered to have high GI
• 600-700 short rows values, making them unattractive to the health-
• > 6500 samples from selected rows and plots for conscious consumers. GI measurement is a time-
Acknowledgements
milling and physical quality evaluation consuming and expensive procedure which is not
Funding from AgriFuturesTM Rice Program, SunRice and suitable for implementation in grain breeding
• > 3000 samples from selected rows and plots for wet programs. Therefore, to develop low GI grain
NSW DPI are gratefully acknowledged. We also thank all
chemistry and cooking quality evaluation varieties, rapid and inexpensive methods are needed
Technical Officers, Technical Assistants and RRAPL staff
• > 500 samples from district and quality trials involved in activities of the program. so that breeding lines can be screened for their
digestibility behaviour.
Pure Seed program (CY 2018-2019)
• ~15 ha for 10 released varieties and new advanced
lines Contact
• > 83 tons of pure seed harvested Peter Snell, Prakash Oli and Bert Collard
Bert Collard
Each year, the most advanced new breeding lines are
NSW Department of Primary Industries Most rice varieties are considered
rigorously tested for agronomic performance, quality
and sensory characteristics. Evaluation is conducted
to have high GI values, making
P 02 6951 2739
across several years to test lines over different seasons. M 0429 076 101
them unattractive to the health-
In addition, SunRice conducts considerable market and E bert.collard@dpi.nsw.gov.au conscious consumers.
consumer research to ensure varieties meet all criteria.
Michelle Toutounji, PhD, Functional Grains Centre, CSU.You can also read
