Remembrance day 20 20 - "Lest W e For get " - TDSB School Websites
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
Remembrance day
20 20
“Les t W e F or get ”
Table of Contents
➔ Remembrance Day
➔ Aboriginal Canadians
➔ Canadian Women
➔ Jewish Canadian
➔ Black Canadians
➔ Asian Canadians
➔ The Last Post
2
"The dead soldier's
s il ence s ings our na t iona l a nt hem."
—Aa r on K il bour n
3
What is Remembrance Day?
In Canada, the Remembrance day was first called an Armistice day and was meant to commemorate the
end of the First World War and the losses that Canada has endured. It was renamed to Remembrance day
in 1931 in order to move the emphasis more on the soldiers whose death were being remembered rather
than a single conflict.
4
Poppies
❏ Worn on the last friday of October to Remembrance day
❏ A pledge to never forget - a symbol of remembrance
❏ History - they grew over the graves of soldiers in Flanders, France
❏ First introduction by Lieutenant- Colonel John McCrae - “In Flanders Fields”
❏ Poppies were and sold to fundraise for starving troops and children
❏ They continue to be used to fundraise for the The Royal Canadian Legion Dominion
Command Poppy Trust Fund
❏ Online donation link: https://legion.ca/donations
The white Poppy campaign
❏ A symbol of peace - “Remember the fallen, including civilians, and work for peace”.
5
White Poppies
FOR A CULTURE OF
PEACE
❏ White Poppies is an initiative for a more broadly focused
Remembrance Day in Canada.
❏ The idea of the White Poppy is for Canadians to broaden their
Remembrance Day focus to include the civilians who now make
up 90% of conflict victims; to challenge the beliefs, values and
institutions that make war seem inevitable; and to urge our
government to promote and fund effective non- military means
of dispute resolution.
6
In Flanders Fields
In Flanders fields the poppies blow
Between the crosses, row on row, Take up our quarrel with the foe:
That mark our place; and in the sky To you from failing hands we throw
The larks, still bravely singing, fly The torch; be yours to hold it high.
Scarce heard amid the guns below. If ye break faith with us who die
We shall not sleep, though poppies grow
We are the Dead. Short days ago In Flanders fields.
We lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow, - Lieutenant- Colonel John McCrae
Loved and were loved, and now we lie (May 3, 1915)
In Flanders fields.
7
8
“They fought to fight”
The forgotten efforts of Canadian minorities
during war.
9
Aboriginal Canadians
❏ 4000 SERVED
❏ Only status Indians were recorded by
the Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF)
❏ Each tribe or reserve sent in recruits Reasons
❏ Age requirement - 18 to 45 ❏ To support fellow citizens in war efforts
❏ Only 50 were awarded for their bravery ❏ Upholding traditions/following in ancestors
footsteps
❏ Ancestors fought in the War of 1912/South
African War
❏ Become a serving citizen
❏ To fight the alienation they faced
❏ Seeking employment
10Aboriginal Canadians
Obstacles
❏ Adapting to new cultures
❏ Learning a new language
❏ Facing dicrimination/racism/inequity
❏ Traveling from remote communities
❏ Effort being undermined/not recognized
❏ Enlistment was heavily discouraged by white Canadians
❏ Treaty Indians expected exempt according to treaty negotiations
- “a forgien battle”
Post- war
❏ Continued facing inequity
❏ Efforts ignored
❏ Not awarded equal benefits to non- Aboriginals
1112
Thomas george prince (Tommy Prince)
Post- War
❏ Indigenous war veteran
➔ Continued to face racism
❏ Awarded 11 medals
➔ Denied voting rights
❏ King George VI presented him the Military ➔ Denied benefits as a veteram
Medal (MM) ➔ Tried to influence the government to
❏ The Silver Star, 1939
- 1945 Star, The France change the Indian Act
Star, The German Star, ➔ Dedicated to earning education and
❏ Defence Medal opportunity for Indigenous peoples
❏ Canadian Volunteer service medal ➔ Denied employment - homeless
❏ War Medal ➔ Died (Nov 25, 1977)
Honourable combat work;
❏ Made a farmhouse post to report German movement for 3 days (1944)
❏ When caught, fooled the German soldiers by pretending to be farmer
❏ Destroyed 4 German tanks alone
❏ Walked through a horrifying trek to locate enemy camps (1944)
❏ No food or water for 72 hours
❏ Captured 1,000 German soldiers as a result“
“All my life I had wanted to do something to
help my people recover their good name. I
wanted to show they were as good as any
white man,”
- Tommy Prince
1415
Women’s contribution during wartime
Women’s forces
Roles and Responsibility; ❏ 50,000 Canadain women enlisted in the;
❏ Nursing ❏ Air force
❏ Took the jobs of enlisted men ❏ Navy
❏ Munition manufacturing ❏ Army
❏ Espionage ❏ Estimated minimum of 200 have died at war
❏ Code breaking
❏ Active combat (recent decades) Post- war
❏ Efforts were forgotten
❏ Home defence
❏ Lack of recognized/awarded individuals
❏ Training in shooting and military drills
❏ Forced to give up jobs once men returned
❏ Heath casualties from working in toxic factories
and environments
1617
Jewish Canadians
Roles
❏ 17,000 men and women served ❏ Serving in uniform
❏ 450 died ❏ In combat
❏ A personal battle - many had immigrated ❏ Medical personnel
two generations prior to WWII ❏ Supply delivery
❏ Fought in all major battles; ❏ Worked in munition factories
❏ Hong Kong ❏ Sent survival packages to Europe containing;
❏ Dieppe ❏ Food, clothing, books, treats
❏ Ortana ❏ Created training courses and programs
❏ D- Day ❏ Consistent recruitment in all Jewish
❏ 200 ranks received medals for bravery communities
18Jewish Canadians
Anti- Semitism in Canada
❏ Prejudice/descrimination towards Jews
❏ Mainstream belief - “being anti- Jew is Post- war
okay” ❏ Anti- semitism was still a problem
❏ Restricted from fields of medicine and law ❏ Canada allowed Jewish immigrants post WWII to
❏ Discriminatory immigration policies support growing economy
❏ Refuge denied during Nazi rule for Euopean ❏ 40,000 Holocaust survivors came to
Jews Canada
❏ Integration into Canadian life
❏ 1940s Human Rights legislation
❏ Removed discriminatory practices
❏ Cultural pluralism
19Black Canadians
Timeline of serving
❏ 1780’s - American slaves were freed if they
fought in the British Cause.
❏ War of 1812 - Defence of Upper Canada
❏ Upper Canadian Rebellion 1837 - 1839 - 1,000
black soldiers helped reduce the uprisings
❏ 1857 in India - William Hall earned the Victoria
Cross
❏ 1850’s - American immigrants settling in
Vancouver created the Victoria Pioneer Rifle
Corps
20Black Canadians
WWI/WWII Obstacles
❏ Despite excitement to serve the King and “Blacks fought for the freedom of Canada,
nation - many were rejected from enlistment while at the same time, Canada was
❏ WWI was “The White Man’s War” fighting for the erasal of Blacks,”
❏ Segregated into the No.2 Construction - Kathy Hogarth, University of Waterloo
Battalion - “The Black Battalion”
❏ Later many were forced to enlist
❏ Black Battalion was recognized until 1982
❏ Those who died were completely forgotten
❏ Those who returned were ignored and isolated
21Black Canadians
No. 2 Construction Battalion (Black Battalion)
❏ All black battalion
❏ Non- combatant unit
❏ Protests from Black leaders and white supports pushed
for the recruitment of black volunteers
❏ No platoon was willing to accept them
❏ The British War Office was “willing” to accept a
segregated unit
❏ Many volunteers were put off by the humiliation the faced
from rejection o regardless the unit was established
❏ Never recognized - efforts and accomplishments
were ignored
22Black Canadians
Jeremiah Jones
❏ Lied about his age to enlist (13 year above the limit
❏ Only one of 16 black Canadians in the 106th Battalion
❏ Battle of Vimy Ridge (April 1917)
❏ His troop was attacked by German machine guns
❏ Made the Germans surrender
❏ Recommended the Distinguished Conduct Medal - never
received it
23Chinese Canadians
❏ 600 Chinese volunteers in WWII
❏ Continued to face racial discrimination upon return
❏ Many were rejected until casualties deemed their help as “useful”
❏ Opposing sides
1. Why should we volunteer for a government and country who doesn’t want us?”
2. “To be considered as part of nation (to show loyalty), we should volunteer.”
❏ Given non- combatant roles
Treatment of Chinese Labour Corps Volunteers (CLC)
❏ Forced to shave their heads
❏ Required to wear identification bracelets
❏ There was no trust - no information was ever shared with volunteers as they were expected to
betray
❏ War Measures Act - all incoming and outgoing calls were monitored
❏ Language barriers and cultural differences caused punishment on volunteers
24“They shall grow not old, as we that are left
grow old: Age shall not weary them, nor the
years condemn. At the going down of the sun
and in the morning We will remember them.”
- Robert Laurence Binyon (1869- 1943)
25The Last Post
26The "Last Post" is a bugle call used
at British or Commonwealth
military funerals and ceremonies
commemorating those who have
been killed in war. The Last Post
symbolises the duty of the dead is
over and they can rest in peace.
"The Rouse" is commonly played
following "Last Post". The bugle
call rouses the living back to duty,
after having paid respects to the
memory of their comrades.
27For more information;
Remembrance Day
✘ https://www.warmuseum.ca/firstworldwar/history/after-the-war/legacy/the-cost-of-canadas-
war/#:~:text=Close%20to%2061%2C000%20Canadians%20were,and%20another%20172%2C000%20were%20wounded.
✘ https://www.legion.ca/remembrance/the-poppy/history-of-the-poppy
✘ https://peacepoppies.ca/lapel-poppies/
Black Canadians
✘ “Blacks fought for the freedom of Canada, while at the same time, Canada was fighting for the erasal of Blacks,”
✘ https://www.veterans.gc.ca/eng/remembrance/those-who-served/black-canadians-in-uniform/history
✘ https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/browse/people/military/black-canadians
✘ https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/no-2-construction-battalion
Canadain Women
✘ https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/nursing-sisters
✘ https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/women-and-war
28For more information;
Chinese Canadians
✘ https://www.ccmms.ca/chinese-canadian-
history/#:~:text=When%20World%20War%20I%20was,volunteered%20for%20the%20Canadian%20Army.&text=At%20t
he%20start%20of%20the,Hong%20Kong%2C%20more%20Chinese%20volunteered.
✘ https://onlineacademiccommunity.uvic.ca/wwivictoriachinese/racism-in-the-war-effort/
Jewish Canadians
✘ https://www.veterans.gc.ca/eng/remembrance/people-and-stories/jewish-canadian-service
✘ http://imjm.ca/location/1176
✘ https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/anti-semitism
✘ https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/holocaust
✘ https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/jewish-canadians#ThePostWWIIPeriod
Aborginal Canadians
✘ https://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1414152378639/1414152548341
✘ https://www.veterans.gc.ca/eng/remembrance/people-and-stories/indigenous-peoples
✘ https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/tommy-prince
29You can also read
