PUBLIC SECTOR IT TRENDS 2021-22

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PUBLIC SECTOR IT TRENDS 2021-22
EUROPE AN VOICES

PUBLIC SECTOR IT
TRENDS 2021-22
PUBLIC SECTOR IT TRENDS 2021-22
EUROPE AN VOICES

EUROPEAN VOICES
European Voices brings together viewpoints from our experts in Europe, working at regional, national and
international organization level, on topics that will resonate with public sector leaders across the world.

Evolving legislation and data initiatives. The impact of new technologies on citizen service delivery. Governments’
responsibility to enable business and sustainable economic growth in a fair society. Affirming European values
in the digital domain. As Europe’s digital decade unfolds, diverse points of view across the continent offer
valuable insights that can build greater understanding and coherence, while providing a benchmark for the
international community.

This series offers comparative perspectives to the global public sector community and a window into the latest
thinking shaping local policy, technology choices, and citizen-centric innovation.

ABOUT THIS REPORT
This report shares insights on IT trends in the public sector, based on a survey of public sector IT decision makers
across Europe in 2021. Findings specific to Germany can be found in our German IT Trends report.

2
PUBLIC SECTOR IT TRENDS 2021-22
CONTENTS
1. Foreword | 04

2. Executive summary | 05

3. Targets and research method | 06

4. Dealing with the coronavirus pandemic | 08

5. IT requirements | 10

6. Intelligent technologies, cloud and data | 12

7. Technology trends | 16

8. Recommendations | 18

                                      ©2021 Capgemini   3
PUBLIC SECTOR IT TRENDS 2021-22
FOREWORD
Public administrations make better          The data for this study was collected     We hope that these results will help
decisions when they base them on            at a time when Europe was, and still      you to evaluate your strategies,
data, both their own and external           is, on the move: Besides Brexit and       possibly readjust them and better
data. This might be public data or data     the global pandemic, digitalization       understand today’s technology
shared with other institutions, e. g. in    in the public sector is to be massively   trends. We would be happy to discuss
the context of common European data         expanded in the decade to 2030.           our conclusions with you personally.
spaces. Data also informs decisions         Sustainability and the climate crisis
on investments and innovations              have become overriding concerns
when information on technology              for policymakers. In the interests of
developments and IT budgets is made         digital sovereignty, the European
available or if the decisions can be        Union wants to make its data
compared with those made by other           infrastructure less dependent on non-
administrations and companies.              European companies. This poses many
                                            challenges for public administrations.
Capgemini’s IT Trends Study has             The results of the survey both indicate   Marc Reinhardt
been providing such market data in          that they are dealing with them in        Executive Vice President,
Germany for 18 years. Due to the high       different ways and highlight the areas    Public Sector Global Leader
level of participation by executives        in which they need to catch up.           Capgemini
from the public sector, we created
a separate public sector edition
for the first time in 2021. We also
broadened the scope of the report
by surveying public sector IT leaders
from a range of European countries;
and comparing selected results with                                                   Thomas Heimann
those from companies in German-                                                       Principal Enterprise Architect
speaking countries.                                                                   Capgemini

4    EUROPEAN VOICES | Public Sector IT Trends 2021-22
PUBLIC SECTOR IT TRENDS 2021-22
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The coronavirus pandemic and its                                                        APIs and predictive analytics are
impacts have significantly intensified       IT units suffer                            currently the most important. In
digitalization of the public sector.                                                    fact, these have been available for
During the first lockdown in 2020,           from increasing                            some time and, with the exception of
mobile and collaborative working                                                        predictive analytics, are already being
increased. In addition, digital offerings    complexity of                              used by at least one in five of the
such as online education or eHealth                                                     public sector CIOs surveyed.
and eJustice services were expanded.         the IT landscape
                                                                                        Smart things, digital twins, blockchain
The willingness to innovate                  While administrative units benefit         technologies, mobile wallets and
also increased, but more on the              from increasing digitalization, it         virtual and augmented reality
administrative side than on the IT           causes more and more problems for          applications are at the other end of
side. The assessment of the factors          IT units. This is because it demands       the scale. These technologies are
that make the public sector more             better protection of data and              the least important and, with the
resilient varies accordingly: From an        increases the complexity of the IT         exception of mobile wallets, are
administrative perspective we see            landscape. In fact, during the last        currently rarely found in operational
an emphasis on everything needed             12 months, the complexity of the IT        use in the public sector. However,
to work from home. In contrast, it           landscape has risen or risen sharply in    intensive work is being done on the use
rates automation, data-driven action         the eyes of almost 80 percent of our       of intelligent things: Some 12 percent
and the use of intelligent systems           study participants.                        of the participants are currently
as less important. IT, on the other                                                     implementing them and around 24
hand, similarly prioritizes measures                                                    percent are planning to do so.
to increase resilience, but considers
them less important overall than             Reluctance to
administration’s priorities. Both
sides underestimate the potential            use intelligent
of automation.
                                             technologies
                                             The public sector uses intelligent
Goals:                                       technologies, such as machine
                                             learning, predictive analytics, or image
digitalization and                           recognition, to a relatively small
                                             extent compared to the business
greater efficiency                           sector in German-speaking countries.
                                             Just one in seven respondents
Two requirements are at the top of           deploys them in daily business. In
most participants’ priority list this        addition, the spectrum of use is more
year: expanding digitalization and           or less limited to simple scenarios,
increasing efficiency. Many also want        such as the automation of manual
to improve their communication               work or deeper data analysis.
with target groups but the internal
processes linked to this often fall
by the wayside. As a consequence,
modernization is only superficial,           Established
and the public sector misses many
opportunities to significantly reduce        technologies get
workload. Lowering costs is low on
the priority list – slightly less than one   highest marks
in five business users, and only one in
ten among IT managers. This suggests         Of the 34 technologies and
that there is enough budget available        methodologies CIOs were asked to
for completing the tasks ahead.              rate, DevOps, metadata management,
                                             multi-channel architectures, open

                                                                                                          ©2021 Capgemini     5
PUBLIC SECTOR IT TRENDS 2021-22
TARGETS AND
RESEARCH METHOD
The European Public Sector IT Trends        • The impact of Covid-19
survey focuses on the current state                                                  Survey
of IT within public authorities in          • Use of intelligent technologies
Europe. The analysis considers both                                                  instrument
technological and organizational            • Cloud and data
aspects. This includes, for example,                                                 Respondents were invited to
the implementation of laws and              • Use and importance of specific         participate in the study via e-mail and
reaction to crises, the setup of IT           IT technologies                        received a personal access code to
infrastructure, and the future use                                                   the online survey with predominantly
of technologies.                                                                     closed answer categories.
                                            Because the sample is relatively
The results are based on a survey of 53     small, differences between the           Capgemini conducted the survey
decision-makers from Austrian, British,     results of individual countries must     in the period from February to May
Dutch, French, German, Swedish, Swiss,      be interpreted with some caution.        2021. The addresses of the contacted
and international public organizations.     To enable a comparison between the       organizations were provided by
Those surveyed included CIOs,               status of companies and the public       Capgemini.
CDOs, heads of digital strategy, and        sector, some data was compared to
directors general working mainly in         the results of Capgemini´s IT Trends
four areas of the public sector: public     Study published in February 2021
administration, tax and welfare,            surveying 109 business and IT decision
defense and security, and healthcare.       makers from various industries in
All participants were asked about:          Germany, Switzerland and Austria
                                            with matching questions.
• IT management targets and
  budget spending

6   EUROPEAN VOICES | Public Sector IT Trends 2021-22
PUBLIC SECTOR IT TRENDS 2021-22
PARTICIPANTS IN THE SURVEY

Function n=53                                                      Country n=53

                  IT                                      75.5%           France                            30.2%

          Business
                                      24.5%                             Germany                          26.4%
     specialist area

                                                                         Sweden                  17.0%

                                                                     Netherlands           11.3%

Domain    n=53
                                                                         Austria          9.4%
            Public
                                                  50.9%
    Administration
                                                                  United Kingdom    3.8%
      Tax & Welfare                       30.2%

                                                                     Switzerland   1.9%
 Defense & Security           13.2%

        Healthcare     5.7%

                                                                                             ©2021 Capgemini        7
PUBLIC SECTOR IT TRENDS 2021-22
DEALING WITH
THE CORONAVIRUS
PANDEMIC
All respondents agree that the                 of IT infrastructure and the use of
coronavirus pandemic and its                   cloud solutions were more often
impact has significantly intensified           accelerated than slowed down.
digitalization in their organizations.         Increased use of cloud solutions
In particular, mobile and collaborative        was more clearly perceived by the IT
working increased during the first             organization than by employees on
lockdown in 2020. In addition, digital         the administrative side. The level of
offerings such as online education             automation was least affected by the
and eHealth and eJustice services              impact of the pandemic.
were expanded. The modernization

HOW HAS THE PANDEMIC IMPACTED THE
DIGITALIZATION OF YOUR ORGANIZATION? n=53

    1 (intensified)                                                        58.5%

                 2                                  34.0%

3 (not changed)                   5.7%

                 4         1.9%

      5 (reduced)     0%

Importance of                                  the business side than on the IT side.
                                               This can possibly be attributed to
                                                                                         as communication tools, mobile
                                                                                         devices, digital processes, a strategy
preventive                                     the fact that administrative staff had
                                               to change their working methods to
                                                                                         for continuity management and
                                                                                         a scalable infrastructure. Automation,
measures                                       a greater extent than IT staff during
                                               this time.
                                                                                         data-driven action and the use of
                                                                                         intelligent systems are rated as less
depends on                                     Accordingly, business and IT staff have
                                                                                         important. The IT side has a similar
                                                                                         view, but considers tools for working
perspective                                    a somewhat different perspective on
                                               what makes public authorities more
                                                                                         from home, and the use of data
                                                                                         or artificial intelligence (AI), less
                                               resilient. The administrative side        important for resilience in general.
During the lockdown, the willingness           thinks everything needed for working
to innovate increased, but more on             from home is most important, such

8       EUROPEAN VOICES | Public Sector IT Trends 2021-22
PUBLIC SECTOR IT TRENDS 2021-22
HOW IMPORTANT ARE THE FOLLOWING MEASURES TO
INCREASE THE RESILIENCE OF YOUR ORGANIZATION?

n=40; 1=high to 5=non existent; dk =don't know; ns=not specified

The figures in the ellipses are the average scores for each measure

            Access to powerful communication and
                                collaboration tools
                                                                        1.74

     Provision of secure hardware and software for
                                 home office work
                                                                               1.92

     Use of digital (e.g. interaction-oriented) forms
                                              of work
                                                                               1.92

           Increase the scalability of infrastructure                             2.0

              Strategy for continuity management                                   2.09

                Automation of administrative tasks                                      2.18

        Automation of communication with citizens                                              2.39

                   Data-driven administrative tasks                                               2.66

                                   Use of open data                                                   2.80

  Use of artificial intelligence and machine learning                                                    2.91

                Publication of datasets (open data)                                                       2.94

                                                            high   i m p o r t a n ce                                        low   i m p o r t a n ce

    1                         2                         3                           4                        5                     dk                   ns

In an international comparison, the                                                                              both of tasks and communications
participants from Germany attach                        Potential of                                             to be important or very important to
the least importance to the use of                                                                               maintaining the organization's ability
intelligent technologies to make their                  automation is                                            to act in an emergency.
organization more resilient. They also
consider data-driven administrative                     often                                                    The participants from Germany,
action and the exchange and                                                                                      however, are more skeptical. While
publication of data to be negligible                    underestimated                                           they recognize the potential of
in this context. The respondents                                                                                 automation, they do not consider it
from France have a similar attitude.                    The more the work of public                              crucial to continuing to work in an
In contrast, the Swedish participants                   authorities becomes digitized, the                       emergency. Respondents from France
assess these factors differently: they                  more opportunities open up to                            sit between these two poles: while
consider the use and publication                        automate tasks and communications                        automation of tasks is important,
of data as well as data-driven                          with citizens. This frees up capacity                    the automation of communications
administrative action to be important                   for other projects, especially during                    has less significance, even though
and the use of intelligent systems to                   a crisis. The participants from                          the pandemic has shown the latter to
be one of the three most important                      Sweden, in particular, recognize this                    be crucial in times of crisis when its
resilience factors.                                     potential. They consider automation                      volume usually increases strongly.

                                                                                                                                   ©2021 Capgemini        9
PUBLIC SECTOR IT TRENDS 2021-22
IT REQUIREMENTS
For more than half of the participants                have different focus areas. While              first. They also want to increase
(56.6 percent), two requirements are                  IT departments concentrate on                  efficiency and data security and
at the top of the priority list this year:            efficiency and, in addition to                 better align themselves with the
the expansion of digitalization and                   digitalization, on the development             needs of citizens and businesses.
an increase in efficiency. However,                   of innovative products and services,
administrative and IT departments                     administrative units put digitalization

WHAT ARE YOUR MOST IMPORTANT IT MANAGEMENT
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE COMING YEAR? n=53`

                              Increased efficiency                                                                         56.6%

                         Expansion of digitization                                                                         56.6%

                           Increased data security                                                      39.6%

       Development of new, innovative IT products                                                   35.8%
                                     and services

           Stronger orientation towards the needs
                                                                                            32.1%
                              of the end customer

                              Increased flexibility                                24.5%

                               Reduction of costs                     13.2%

           Improvement of information evaluation
                                                                      13.2%
                                        and use

                          Shorter time-to-market                    11.3%

                     Building partner ecosystems             5.7%

                Closing the technological gap with
                                                           3.8%
                                 other authorities

The aim to focus on the needs of                      want to implement intelligent                  and the public sector is missing many
citizens and companies is driven by                   advisory systems for employees                 opportunities to significantly reduce
two factors. Firstly, the pandemic                    and customers.                                 the workload of its staff.
lockdown demonstrated the need
for contactless digital services;                     But while a lot is happening around
secondly European standards are                       external communications, the same
pointing in the same direction. As                    cannot be said for the modernization
a consequence, slightly more than                     of internal processes: Only about one
half of the respondents want to                       in four respondents plan to digitize
develop automated service offerings                   the payment process, and only just
over the next 12 months. More than                    under 27 percent plan to digitize the
one in three are planning to deploy                   handling of a specialized process
or expand systems for analyzing the                   altogether. It is clear from this that
customer journey and just under                       modernization remains focused on
29 percent of the respondents                         the interface with the outside world

10   EUROPEAN VOICES | Public Sector IT Trends 2021-22
HAS THE COMPLEXITY                                             Automation
                                          OF YOUR IT LANDSCAPE
                                          INCREASED OR                                                   boost,
                                          DECREASED DURING THE                                           but no innovation
                                          PAST 12 MONTHS? n=38
                                                                                                         boost
                                                                                                         Automation of processes is the
                                                                                                         method of choice to master this

                                                        71.1%
                                                                                  AVERAGE                increasing complexity. Public sector
                                                                                     2.16                organizations have boosted the rate
                                                                                                         by an average of almost 40 percent
                                                                                                         over the last 12 months. This puts the
                                                                                                         public sector well ahead of companies
                                                                                                         in German-speaking countries, whose
                                                                                                         average rate at the end of 2020
                                                                                                         was just under 25 percent. But the
                                                                                                         surge in automation in the public
                                                                                                         sector could be due to a great need
                                                                                                         to catch up, since the increasing
                                                                                                         digitalization during the pandemic
                                                                    18.4%

                                                                                                         has opened up new automation
                                                                                                         opportunities that businesses may
                                                                                                         have exploited already.
                                              7.9%

                                                                                  2.6%

                                                                                                         In addition, most respondents still rely
                                                                                                         on rule-based automation, followed
                                                                                               0%

                                                                                                         by the use of software robots.
                                             Strongly
                                            increased

                                                        Increased

                                                                    No change

                                                                                  Slightly
                                                                                decreased

                                                                                              Strongly
                                                                                             decreased

                                                                                                         Intelligent solutions are used only by
                                                                                                         about one in three respondents.

New laws drive                                                                                           No budget
an increase                                                                                              bottlenecks
in complexity                                                                                            Slightly less than one in five
                                                                                                         administrative managers want to
While administrative units benefit        This leads to a higher susceptibility to                       reduce costs, and among IT managers
from increasing digitalization, it        system errors as well as an increased                          it is only one in ten. So there seem
causes more and more problems for IT      workload for IT units, which have                              to be enough funds available for the
units. On the one hand, digitalization    fewer and fewer specialists at their                           tasks ahead. Compared to the business
requires data to be better protected.     disposal. More than 33 percent of                              sector in German-speaking countries,
Accordingly, this task is third on this   the respondents observed a rising                              the public sector spends slightly less
year´s agenda. On the other hand, the     shortage of IT specialists over the                            money on maintaining existing IT
complexity of the IT landscape has        last 12 months and, according to their                         systems, at just under 43 percent of
increased over the last 12 months in      forecasts, it will increase in the next                        the total IT budget, and accordingly
the eyes of almost 80 percent of the      two years.                                                     has more leeway for modernizing IT
respondents. Legal requirements                                                                          and implementing new systems.
such as the European Single Digital
Gateway (SDG) regulation are the
number one cause of this. In addition,
demands of citizens and companies,
as well as the higher number of home
office workplaces, have increased
complexity.

                                                                                                                           ©2021 Capgemini    11
INTELLIGENT
TECHNOLOGIES,
CLOUD AND DATA
The public sector uses intelligent            at all, slightly more than half of the
technologies such as machine                  participants have set up pilot projects
learning, predictive analytics or image       or projects with a limited scope.
recognition to a lesser extent than the       Just over one in seven use smart
business sector in German-speaking            technologies in daily business.
countries. While a few more than
a quarter have not yet dealt with them

DO YOU USE INTELLIGENT TECHNOLOGIES
SUCH AS MACHINE LEARNING, PREDICTIVE
ANALYTICS OR IMAGE RECOGNITION?

      1 (very
                           6.1%                                AVERAGE
   intensely)
                                                                3.57
             2                       10.2%

             3                                                              28.6%

             4                                                      24.5%

 5 (not at all)                                                         26.5%

do not know       2.0%

not specified     2.0%

Overall, participants rate their success      to more or less simple scenarios,
with smart technologies as quite high:        such as the automation of manual
around six percent are enthusiastic,          work or deeper data analysis. These
and slightly more than 30 percent are         use cases also receive the best
very satisfied. However, most are still       marks from users. Rarely applied but
lacking experience at the moment.             also positively rated are intelligent
Previous years’ IT Trends studies             technologies that contribute to
showed that the euphoria decreases            increasing quality, such as in citizen
as practical experience increases,            and business engagement. For other
and that successes are judged more            more difficult application scenarios,
critically as know-how adds up. But           such as predicting the behavior of
currently, only about 12 percent of           complex systems or virtual assistants
the participants are disappointed and         that provide tips for next actions, the
consider their projects a failure. The        use in day-to-day business is currently
spectrum of use is, however, limited          still low.

12     EUROPEAN VOICES | Public Sector IT Trends 2021-22
WHICH BUSINESS PROCESSES DO YOU SUPPORT TODAY
WITH INTELLIGENT TECHNOLOGIES?

n=33; 1=very intensive to 5=not at all; dk =don't know; ns=not specified

The figures in the ellipses are the average scores for each business process.

                           Automation of manual work                                                       2.75

      Deeper data analysis, e.g. to discover process
    improvements, innovation opportunities or new                                                             3.0
                                sales opportiunities

              Detection of anomalies in daily business                                                                  3.33

               Increase of quality e.g. in citizen dialog                                                                  3.39

         Personalization of services for customers and
                                             employees                                                                            3.63

Prediction of the behavior of machines, customers or
     the development of the organization or market
                                                                                                                                   3.69

           Recommendation regarding problems with
                  customers or internal challenges
                                                                                                                                    3.96

                                                                 high   i m p o r t a n ce                                               low   i m p o r t a n ce

     1                           2                           3                           4                          5                          dk                   ns

HOW DO THE BUSINESS USERS IN YOUR ORGANIZATION RATE THE
BENEFITS OF INTELLIGENT TECHNOLOGIES IN DIFFERENT AREAS?

n=31; 1=very high to 5=non existent; dk =don't know; ns=not specified

The figures in the ellipses are the average scores for each business process.

                       For automation of manual work                                         2.21

      Deeper data analysis, e.g. to discover process
    improvements, innovation opportunities or new                                                   2.52
                                sales opportiunities

               To increase quality, e.g. in citizen dialog                                            2.58

                 To detect anomalies in daily business                                                     2.79

To personalize services for customers and employees                                                           2.96

  To predict the behavior of machines , customers or
                                                                                                                  3.04
     the development of the organization or market

     For recommendations regarding problems with
                 customers or internal challenges                                                                   3.10

                                                                 high   i m p o r t a n ce                                               low   i m p o r t a n ce

     1                           2                           3                           4                          5                          dk                   ns

                                                                                                                                               ©2021 Capgemini      13
One in five uses                                        18 percent of the participants are
                                                        currently planning or implementing
intelligent                                             projects. On the other hand, the
                                                        number of those not planning its
software robots                                         deployment in the near future is also
                                                        high, at just under 43 percent.
Technologically, the respondents
consider predictive analytics,                          This may be due to the fact that
cognitive security and AI Ops to                        more than half of the participants
be important. Except for cognitive                      are already using or implementing
security, the number of deployments                     traditional RPA (without the support
is small, but 30 to 40 percent of                       of intelligent technologies). It is
respondents are planning to set up                      possible that they are very satisfied
projects this year.                                     with their software robots, thus
                                                        do not see any reason to evaluate
Intelligent Robotic Process                             intelligent RPA at the moment.
Automation (RPA) is obviously
a polarizing topic: On the one hand,
the technology is already used by
a good 21 percent. In addition, about

INTELLIGENT TECHNOLOGIES: HOW ADVANCED ARE PROJECTS ON THESE TOPICS? n=28

                                                                                3.6%                                                3.6%
         Intelligent process automation (RPA with AI
                                                                        21.4%          14.3%                                42.9%           14.3%
                                          decisions)

         Cognitive security (defendable applications,
           managed security services, early warning             14.8%    7.4%                      25.9%           22.2%         14.8%      14.8%
                                       systems etc.)
                                                        3.7%                                                                        3.7%
                                 Predictive analytics                      22.2%                   22.2%                   33.3%            14.8%

                                              AI ops     7.4%    7.4%                      25.9%                   29.6%         14.8%      14.8%

                                                        3.6%
         Document processing with natural language
                                                                        17.9%          17.9%                                        50.0%   10.7%
                                        processing

                                                                3.6%
                                   Virtual assistants    7.4%                      22.2%                                            55.6%   11.1%

        Cognitive computing for controlling business
                                                           11.1%                                           51.9%           18.5%            18.5%
                                          processes

                                implementation
     in operation                                                planned                   not planned             do not know               not specified
                                underway

Organizations that do not use                           contact with citizens and businesses                jobs play almost no role in the decision
intelligent technologies primarily                      or there is a lack of appropriate                   not to use smart technologies.
lack the budget to do so or have legal                  change management. Ethical
concerns. In some cases, there is also                  concerns, lack of data or leadership
a desire to maintain the personal                       support, and the desire to preserve

14    EUROPEAN VOICES | Public Sector IT Trends 2021-22
German                                    individual providers and diversify to
                                          a higher degree.
authorities hold
                                          Awareness of GAIA-X as a European
back on data                              data infrastructure is — outside
                                          Germany — apparently low and
exchange                                  accordingly the interest in it is low
                                          as well. The project, launched by
Yet almost 70 percent of the              France and Germany, is intended to
respondents are probably quite            increase the sovereignty of European
well prepared to deploy intelligent       authorities and companies with
technologies from a technical point       a European data infrastructure and
of view. This is because they operate     to ensure compliance with European
a data platform, which in almost all      data protection standards. Other
cases is also a strategic component of    reasons for the lack of interest
the IT infrastructure.                    besides the low level of awareness
                                          could be the fact that many modalities
At present, however, these data           of the future platform have not yet
platforms are probably primarily used     been defined and the services are not
for the exchange of information and       available yet.
not for providing input for intelligent
systems. Data exchange is apparently
very active with supervisory
authorities and other authorities
and administrations. When it comes
to third parties outside the public
sector, data is exchanged by every
second respondent, with German
organizations being more reticent
than Swedish and French ones. This is
probably due to the higher sensitivity
to data protection in Germany,
which is also reflected in German
authorities' reluctance to engage in
open data projects.

Capacities at
European cloud
providers to be
increased
About 60 percent of public IT services
are cloud services, about half from
European providers and the other
half from non-European providers.
Slightly more than 50 percent of the
respondents intend to shift capacities
to European providers in the coming
years. The top two reasons for doing
so are to increase data sovereignty
and data protection. Some also
want to reduce dependency on

                                                                                   ©2021 Capgemini   15
TECHNOLOGY TRENDS
In total, we presented 34 technologies        APIs and predictive analytics are          the scale. These technologies are
and topics from seven areas to IT             currently the most important. Without      the least important and, with the
managers to evaluate and indicate to          exception, these are technologies and      exception of mobile wallets, are
what extent they use them. This list is       methods that have been available on        currently rarely found in operational
not exhaustive and contains a variety         the market for some time. And with         use. However, it should be noted that
of technologies and methodologies.            the exception of predictive analytics,     while the majority of respondents did
Some of them are innovations, others          at least one in five of the CIOs in the    not see intelligent things as among
have been on the market for a while           public sector we surveyed uses them.       the most important technologies,
but are not yet established.                                                             12 percent of the participants are
                                              Smart things, digital twins, blockchain    currently implementing them and
In the eyes of the participants,              technologies, mobile wallets and           around 24 percent are planning to
DevOps, metadata management,                  virtual and augmented reality              in future.
multi-channel architectures, open             applications are at the other end of

TECHNOLOGIES AND TOPICS OF HIGHEST IMPORTANCE
n=35; 1=very important, 5=not important at all

                                  Technology or topic                                               Average score

                DevOps including DataOps, DevSecOps, BizDevOps etc.                                      1.70

                                 Metadata management                                                     2.00

                               Multi-channel architecture                                                2.17

                                        Open APIs                                                        2.25

                                   Predictive analytics                                                  2.56

TECHNOLOGIES AND TOPICS OF LEAST IMPORTANCE
n=35; 1=very important, 5=not important at all

                      Intelligent things (IoT: Industrial & consumer)                                    4.13

     Creation of digital twins (modelling of physical objects for digital simulations)                   4.16

                                       Blockchain                                                        4.32

                   Mobile wallet (payment, ticketing, access control)                                    4.33

                               Virtual augmented reality                                                 4.56

16    EUROPEAN VOICES | Public Sector IT Trends 2021-22
PROJECTS
The technologies and methods being         As digitalization has increased
implemented this year are primarily        sharply in almost all countries due
those of great importance to the           to the pandemic, public sector CIOs
participating CIOs. While in most          can now use more and better data.
cases they are moving in familiar          Accordingly, the number of use cases
territory and merely expanding the         is also increasing, such as monitoring
degree of utilization, predictive          air quality and traffic or controlling
analytics is new territory for most.       street lighting and cameras.

Although the technology has
been around for some time, it has
experienced a renaissance in recent
years due to advances in Big Data
and Machine Learning. Predicting the
future based on historical data has
many applications: from the extent
of tax evasion and bed availability
in hospitals to the mobility behavior
of residents and workers in cities.

PROJECTS BEING PLANNED OR IMPLEMENTED

                              Projects     Planned or implemented

DevOps including DataOps, DevSecOps,
                                           62.5%
                      BizDevOps etc.

                Metadata management        53.2%

             Multi-channel architecture    50.5%

                             Open APIs     48.5%

                    Predictive analytics   44.4%

                Chatbots, voice control    41.1%

                                                             ©2021 Capgemini    17
RECOMMENDATIONS
                                            that time. In addition, a secure and      Thus, organizations are missing the
1                                      sustainable digital infrastructure             true value data can unlock in terms of
                                       is to be established, in the course            insights and workforce support. Three
Use the                                of which the development of data               recommended steps to overcome the
                                       and cloud solutions will also be               current hurdles are:
momentum                               financially supported.
                                                                                      • Ensure data stays protected
created by the                                                                          with governance set-ups and
                                       2                                                anonymization tools
pandemic to
                                       Leverage data                                  • Explore the full scope of available
boost innovation                                                                        data by relying on data sharing and
                                       as a first step                                  open data from other sources
In the wake of the coronavirus
pandemic, the digitalization of public towards                                        • Develop trusted data platforms
authorities has been significantly                                                      that can digest citizen-centric use
expanded and the willingness to        implementing                                     cases leveraging personal data that
innovate within organizations                                                           needs protection and compliance,
increased. Now it is a matter of       intelligent                                      for example in the care and
using this momentum and launching                                                       security fields.
further innovations — by building      technologies
on recovery funds and frameworks
that support the acceleration of            The acceleration of digitalization
digitalization. In this regard, national    depends on dealing with data
players will also rely on international     the right way — for both the
initiatives — as the EU wants to            transformation of processes and the
further expand digitalization with          use of intelligent technologies. Today,
the Digital Europe Programme, for           data is available but hardly ever used
example. The new goals of the EU for        for a full-scale deployment.
2030 stipulate that key public services
should be 100% available online by

18   EUROPEAN VOICES | Public Sector IT Trends 2021-22
3                                         4                                         5
Get involved                              Explore the                               Link the IT
in data sharing                           cloud-first                               journey with
ecosystems,                               approach with                             a purpose
including GAIA-X                          tailor-made                               connected to
Initiatives such as the Support Centre    pathways                                  today’s
for Data Sharing and GAIA-X create
new options for data-centric public       Although the benefits and potential       challenges
administration. Data exchange is on       of cloud infrastructures are clear, for
the rise. The aim must be to build        many the full move into the cloud is      The Berlin Declaration, the
secure, federated ecosystems for data     yet to come. In the public sector, the    Sustainable Development Goals or the
sharing, balancing data sovereignty       move to cloud demands a tailormade        Lisbon Declaration have all shown one
and the promotion of innovation.          plurality of pathways, meeting            recurrent theme - digitalization
Where to start? At the local level,       specific needs for sovereignty, hybrid    is the key to overcoming societal
initiatives such as smart cities enable   scenarios and the possibility of          challenges, whether it is to close the
collaboration among providers of          multi-cloud. In the discovery phase       digital divide, tackle the climate crisis
diverse public services and sectors       of those scenarios, public sector         or better protect data and resources
such as energy and transportation.        organizations can and shall engage        by achieving digital sovereignty.
Internationally, challenges in border     on a global level and implement           Public sector organizations are well
control, policing and tax collection      with a local touch, contributing to       placed to harness the power of IT
present a clear and compelling            change the national IT landscape in       to tackle these systemic challenges
case for establishing international       the process by relying on sovereign       and leverage their links to current
information ecosystems.                   players where needed. This way,           institutional frameworks to deliver
                                          the journey to cloud will expand the      progress towards a better future.
                                          toolbox of government organizations
                                          and make the benefits of cloud
                                          solutions accessible for additional
                                          areas by fostering innovation and
                                          advanced technologies.

                                                                                                      ©2021 Capgemini     19
About                                                                           For more details contact:
Capgemini                                                                       Marc Reinhardt
                                                                                Global Head of Public Sector & Health
                                                                                marc.reinhardt@capgemini.com
Capgemini is a global leader in partnering with companies to transform and
manage their business by harnessing the power of technology. The Group
is guided everyday by its purpose of unleashing human energy through            Pierre-Adrien Hanania
technology for an inclusive and sustainable future. It is a responsible and     Global Offer Leader
diverse organization of 270,000 team members in nearly 50 countries. With       - AI in the Public Sector
its strong 50 year heritage and deep industry expertise, Capgemini is trusted   pierre-adrien.hanania@capgemini.com
by its clients to address the entire breadth of their business needs, from
strategy and design to operations, fueled by the fast evolving and innovative
world of cloud, data, AI, connectivity, software, digital engineering and       Thomas Heimann
platforms. The Group reported in 2020 global revenues of €16 billion.           Principal Enterprise Architect
                                                                                thomas.heimann@capgemini.com
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Visit us at www.capgemini.com                                                   Giulia Carsaniga
                                                                                Business Analyst
                                                                                giulia.carsaniga@capgemini.com

                                                                                                                        MACS 3691_10-2021

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