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                   Front Matter: Volume 7126

                                  , "Front Matter: Volume 7126," Proc. SPIE 7126, 28th International Congress
                                  on High-Speed Imaging and Photonics, 712601 (10 March 2009); doi:
                                  10.1117/12.828260

                                  Event: 28th International Congress on High-Speed Imaging and Photonics,
                                  2008, Canberra, Australia

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PROCEEDINGS OF SPIE

                   28th International Congress on
                   High-Speed Imaging
                   and Photonics
                   Harald Kleine
                   Martha Patricia Butrón Guillén
                   Editors

                   9–14 November 2008
                   Canberra, Australia

                   Sponsored by
                   Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Asian Office of Aerospace Research and Development
                   Shimadzu Scientific Instruments (Oceania) Pty. Ltd. (Australia)
                   Vision Research Inc. (USA)
                   The University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy (Australia)

                   Organized by
                   The University of New South Wales, Australian Defence Force Academy (Australia)

                   Published by
                   SPIE

                                                                                                                                     Volume 7126

                                                                 Proceedings of SPIE, 0277-786X, v. 7126

                               SPIE is an international society advancing an interdisciplinary approach to the science and application of light.

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The papers included in this volume were part of the technical conference cited on the cover and
                                  title page. Papers were selected and subject to review by the editors and conference program
                                  committee. Some conference presentations may not be available for publication. The papers
                                  published in these proceedings reflect the work and thoughts of the authors and are published
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                                  edited by Harald Kleine, Martha Patricia Butrón Guillén, Proceedings of SPIE Vol. 7126 (SPIE,
                                  Bellingham, WA, 2009) Article CID Number.

                                  ISSN 0277-786X
                                  ISBN 9780819473608

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Contents

                                 xi      Congress Committees
                                xiii     Introduction
                               xvii      Participant Photograph
                                xix      2008 Photo-Sonics Achievement Award
                                xxi      Congress Poster

                                         PLENARY PAPERS: PEER-REVIEWED

                         7126 02         A fresh look at unsteady shock wave reflection using high-speed imaging [7126-12]
                                         B. W. Skews, Univ. of the Witwatersrand (South Africa)

                         7126 03         Ultrafast imaging of nanosecond pulse x-ray simulators [7126-03]
                                         G. W. Smith, D. S. George, D. Harrison, S. Hill, Atomic Weapons Establishment plc (United
                                         Kingdom); R. J. Hohlfelder, V. Harper-Slaboszewicz, R. R. Gallegos, Sandia National Labs.
                                         (United States); M. B. Ingle, P. Simpson, Photek Ltd. (United Kingdom)

                         7126 04         Application of high-speed videography for in-flight deformation measurements of aircraft
                                         propellers [7126-41]
                                         B. Stasicki, F. Boden, Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. (Germany)

                         7126 05         Ultra-high-speed bionanoscope for cell and microbe imaging [7126-52]
                                         T. G. Etoh, C. Vo Le, Kinki Univ. (Japan); H. Kawano, I. Ishikawa, A. Miyawaki, The Institute of
                                         Physical and Chemical Research RIKEN (Japan); Vu. T. S. Dao, H. D. Nguyen, S. Yokoi,
                                         S. Yoshida, H. Nakano, K. Takehara, Kinki Univ. (Japan); Y. Saito, Olympus Corp. (Japan)

                                         HIGH-SPEED CAMERAS / STREAK TUBES: PEER-REVIEWED

                         7126 06         Technologies to develop a video camera with a frame rate higher than 100 Mfps [7126-34]
                                         C. Vo Le, H. D. Nguyen, Kinki Univ. (Japan); V. T. S. Dao, K. Takehara, T. G. Etoh, T. Akino,
                                         K. Nishi, Kinki Univ. (Japan); K. Kitamura, T. Arai, H. Maruyama, Science and Technology
                                         Research Labs., NHK (Japan)

                         7126 07         Evaluation of a backside-illuminated ISIS [7126-33]
                                         H. D. Nguyen, C. Vo-Le, V. T. S. Dao, K. Takehara, T. G. Etoh, Kinki Univ. (Japan); Y. Kondo,
                                         H. Maruno, H. Tominaga, H. Soya, Shimadzu Corp. (Japan); H. van Kuijk, J. Bosiers,
                                         W. Klaassens, DALSA Corp. (Netherlands); G. Ingram, S. Singh, DALSA Corp. (Canada);
                                         M. Lesser, Univ. of Arizona (United States)

                         7126 08         An ultrahigh-speed color video camera operating at 1,000,000 fps with 288 frame memories
                                         [7126-38]
                                         K. Kitamura, T. Arai, J. Yonai, T. Hayashida, T. Kurita, H. Maruyama, Japan Broadcasting
                                         Corp. (Japan); J. Namiki, T. Yanagi, T. Yoshida, Hitachi Kokusai Electric Inc. (Japan);
                                         H. van Kuijk, J. T. Bosiers, DALSA BV (Netherlands); A. Saita, S. Kanayama, Fujinon Corp.
                                         (Japan); K. Hatade, S. Kitagawa, Nalux Co., Ltd. (Japan); T. G. Etoh, Kinki Univ. (Japan)

                                                                                                                                            iii

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7126 09         STA2500A: a 52-M pixel high frame rate CCD [7126-06]
                                         K. Boggs, R. Bredthauer, G. Bredthauer, Semiconductor Technology Associates Inc. (United
                                         States)

                         7126 0A         Small-size meshless 50 ps streak tube [7126-14]
                                         N. V. Ageeva, S. V. Andreev, V. S. Belolipetski, G. I. Bryukhnevich, D. E. Greenfield,
                                         S. R. Ivanova, A. M. Kaverin, A. N. Khohlova, E. A. Kuz’menko, G. P. Levina, V. A. Makushina,
                                         M. A. Monastyrskiy, M. Ya. Schelev, Z. M. Semichastnova, Yu. N. Serdyuchenko,
                                         T. A. Skaballanovich, V. E. Sokolov, A.M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute (Russian
                                         Federation)

                         7126 0B         Simulation of Coulomb dynamics in ultrashort charged particle bunches [7126-15]
                                         D. E. Greenfield, M. A. Monastyrskiy, A.M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute (Russian
                                         Federation)

                         7126 0C         Large photocathode area picosecond streak tube [7126-59]
                                         S. V. Andreev, V. S. Belolipetski, S. R. Ivanova, T. P. Kulechenkova, G. P. Levina,
                                         V. A. Makushina, M. A. Monastyrskiy, N. D. Polykarkina, M. Ya. Schelev, Z. M. Semichastnova,
                                         V. E. Sokolov, A.M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute (Russian Federation)

                         7126 0D         New computer modeling and experimental results on photoelectron gun with
                                         time-dependent electric field [7126-16]
                                         D. E. Greenfield, M. A. Monastyrskiy, V. I. Lozovoi, M. Ya. Schelev, Yu. N. Serdyuchenko,
                                         A.M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute (Russian Federation)

                                         FLOW VISUALIZATION: PEER-REVIEWED

                          7126 0E        High-speed imaging of dynamic shock wave reflection phenomena [7126-23]
                                         K. Naidoo, B. W. Skews, Univ. of the Witwatersrand (South Africa)

                          7126 0F        Unsteady shock wave diagnostics with high-speed imaging [7126-08]
                                         B. W. Skews, Univ. of the Witwatersrand (South Africa); H. Kleine, Australian Defence Force
                                         Academy, Univ. of New South Wales (Australia); D. MacLucas, Univ. of the Witwatersrand
                                         (South Africa); K. Takehara, H. Teranishi, T. G. Etoh, Kinki Univ. (Japan)

                         7126 0G         Cranz-Schardin visualisation of a hypersonic cone with gas injection [7126-35]
                                         D. R. Buttsworth, D. B. T. Sercombe, Univ. of Southern Queensland (Australia)

                         7126 0H         Determining aerodynamic coefficients from high speed video of a free-flying model in a
                                         shock tunnel [7126-68]
                                         A. J. Neely, I. West, R. Hruschka, G. Park, N. R. Mudford, Australian Defence Force Academy,
                                         Univ. of New South Wales (Australia)

                          7126 0I        Flow establishment behind blunt bodies at hypersonic speeds in a shock tunnel [7126-60]
                                         G. Park, R. Hruschka, S. L. Gai, A. J. Neely, UNSW@ADFA (Australia)

                          7126 0J        Optical investigation of transient phenomena in hypersonic shock tunnels [7126-72]
                                         R. Hruschka, G. Park, H. Kleine, S. O'Byrne, UNSW@ADFA (Australia)

                iv

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7126 0K         Flow instability induced by spiked bodies [7126-73]
                                         K. Hiraki, Kyushu Institute of Technology (Japan); H. Kleine, UNSW@ADFA (Australia);
                                         H. Maruyama, T. Hayashida, K. Kitamura, J. Yonai, Japan Broadcasting Corp. (Japan);
                                         T. Nakajima, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (Japan); G. Etoh, Kinki Univ. (Japan)

                          7126 0L        High framing rate PIV studies of an impinging water drop [7126-55]
                                         J.-L. Liow, UNSW@ADFA (Australia); D. E. Cole, DEC-MECH Pty. Ltd. (Australia)

                        7126 0M          High-speed imaging system for observation of discharge phenomena [7126-43]
                                         R. Tanabe, Nagaoka Univ. of Technology (Japan); H. Kusano, Shimadzu Corp. (Japan);
                                         Y. Ito, Nagaoka Univ. of Technology (Japan)

                         7126 0N         High-speed time-resolved visualisation of laser-induced plasma explosions [7126-74]
                                         S. Brieschenk, R. Hruschka, S. O'Byrne, H. Kleine, UNSW@ADFA (Australia)

                         7126 0O         The influence of bubble evolution on the early characteristics of the boiling liquid
                                         expanding vapor explosion [7126-39]
                                         S. Chen, China Academy of Safety Sciences and Technology (China); X. He, J. Sun, Univ. of
                                         Science and Technology of China (China)

                         7126 0P         Flame behaviors of propane/air premixed flame propagation in a closed rectangular duct
                                         with a 90-deg bend [7126-42]
                                         X. He, J. Sun, Univ. of Science and Technology of China (China); K. K. Yuen, City Univ. of
                                         Hong Kong (Hong Kong, China); Y. Ding, Univ. of Science and Technology of China (China);
                                         S. Chen, China Academy of Safety Sciences and Technology (China)

                                         X-RAY SOURCES AND RECORDING: PEER-REVIEWED

                         7126 0Q         Simulation of high currents in x-ray flash tubes [7126-21]
                                         R. Germer, Technische Univ. Berlin (Germany), Fachhochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft
                                         (Germany), and Institut für Theoretische Physik (Germany); E. Sato, Iwate Medical Univ.
                                         (Japan)

                                         HIGH-SPEED IMAGING: PEER-REVIEWED

                         7126 0R         In search of techniques to obtain dynamic fluorescence images of cellular phenomena
                                         occurring at ultra-high speed [7126-54]
                                         S. Yokoi, H. Nakano, M. Yamada, P. Karimov, K. Takehara, S. Yoshida, T. G. Etoh, Kinki Univ.
                                         (Japan)

                          7126 0S        Four early English pioneers of high speed photography [7126-09]
                                         G. P. Haddleton, UK Association for High Speed Photography and Photonics (United
                                         Kingdom)

                                         IMPACT AND BALLISTICS: PEER-REVIEWED

                          7126 0T        Visualization and PIV analysis of shock-failure behavior of brittle bodies [7126-27]
                                         K. Takehara, T. G. Etoh, Kinki Univ. (Japan); T. Tamano, M. Kanaoka, N. Mizutani, Osaka
                                         Sangyo Univ. (Japan)

                                                                                                                                        v

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7126 0U         Impact of a composite metal-glass system: a study using high-speed imaging [7126-53]
                                         C. Kocer, N. Ng, L. So, M. Bilek, D. McKenzie, The Univ. of Sydney (Australia)

                         7126 0V         Shock absorption of aluminum honeycombs for in-plane impacts [7126-37]
                                         K. Tanaka, M. Nishida, G. Ueki, Nagoya Institute of Technology (Japan)

                        7126 0W          High-speed imaging on static tensile test for unidirectional CFRP [7126-18]
                                         H. Kusano, Shimadzu Corp. (Japan); Y. Aoki, Y. Hirano, Japan Aerospace Exploration
                                         Agency (Japan); Y. Kondo, Shimadzu Corp. (Japan); Y. Nagao, Japan Aerospace
                                         Exploration Agency (Japan)

                                         LASERS AND INSTRUMENTATION: PEER-REVIEWED

                         7126 0X         Grey levels in CCD images and the intensity of light sources needed for high speed imaging
                                         [7126-20]
                                         R. Germer, Fachhochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft (Germany), Technische Univ. Berlin
                                         (Germany), and Institut für Theoretische Physik (Germany)

                         7126 0Y         Short and long LED flashes to study flow in air and water and why it might be better to use a
                                         long exposure time [7126-22]
                                         R. Germer, Technische Univ. Berlin (Germany), Fachhochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft
                                         (Germany), and Institut für Theoretische Physik (Germany)

                          7126 0Z        Multi-wave temperature radiometer by high-speed camera [7126-62]
                                         H. Usui, Nobby Tech, Ltd. (Japan); K. Mitsui, Mitsui Optronics Ltd. (Japan)

                         7126 10         Recent advances in streak tube characterization for multichannel laser pulse shape
                                         measurements on the LMJ facility [7126-04]
                                         C. Chollet, D. Gontier, C. Zuber, P. Brunel, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, DAM, DIF
                                         (France)

                                         IMAGE PROCESSING: PEER-REVIEWED

                         7126 11         Seeing through the haze [7126-63]
                                         D. Bowman, A. Lambert, D. Fraser, UNSW@ADFA (Australia); L. Swierkowski, Defence Science
                                         and Technology Organisation (Australia)

                         7126 12         Experiments in turbulence induced super-resolution in surveillance imagery [7126-70]
                                         A. Lambert, F. Li, D. Bowman, D. Fraser, UNSW@ADFA (Australia)

                         7126 13         Tea category classification using morphological characteristics and support vector
                                         machines [7126-29]
                                         X. L. Li, Y. He, Z. J. Qiu, Y. D. Bao, Zhejiang Univ. (China)

                         7126 14         Determination of citric acid of lemon vinegar using visible/near infrared spectroscopy and
                                         least squares-support vector machine [7126-31]
                                         F. Liu, L. Wang, Y. He, Zhejiang Univ. (China)

                vi

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7126 15         Fingerprint recognition of alien invasive weeds based on the texture character and
                                         machine learning [7126-45]
                                         J.-J. Yu, X.-L. Li, Y. He, Z.-H. Xu, Zhejiang Univ. (China)

                         7126 16         High speed motion estimation of fertilizer granules with Gabor filters [7126-56]
                                         B. Hijazi, F. Cointault, ENESAD (France); F. Yang, M. Paindavoine, Le2i, CNRS, Univ. of
                                         Burgundy (France)

                                         PHOTONICS: PEER-REVIEWED

                         7126 17         A new photon counting imaging detector for the Chinese ChangE-2 EUV explorer mission
                                         [7126-28]
                                         X. Zhu, B. Zhao, Y. Liu, X. Zhang, Z. Miao, Y. Wei, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision
                                         Mechanics (China)

                         7126 18         Generation of fiber tunable high-power picosecond laser pulse [7126-25]
                                         H. Liu, C. Gao, J. Tao, W. Zhao, Y. Wang, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics
                                         (China)

                                         HIGH-SPEED CAMERAS / STREAK TUBES

                         7126 19         A programmable vision chip with high speed image processing [7126-51]
                                         J. Dubois, LCE, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique Saclay (France); M. Paindavoine,
                                         D. Ginhac, Le2i, CNRS, Univ. de Bourgogne (France)

                         7126 1A         Self-tuning flexible output nanosecond gate unit for image intensifiers and photomultipliers
                                         [7126-50]
                                         J. S. Milnes, P. Kapetanopoulos, J. Howorth, M. Ingle, P. Simpson, Photek Ltd. (United
                                         Kingdom); G. Smith, Atomic Weapons Establishment (United Kingdom)

                         7126 1B         Sub-100 fs streak tube: computer-aided design, manufacturing, and testing [7126-13]
                                         N. V. Ageeva, S. V. Andreev, V. P. Degtyareva, D. E. Greenfield, S. R. Ivanova, A. M. Kaverin,
                                         T. P. Kulechenkova, G. P. Levina, V. A. Makushina, M. A. Monastyrskiy, N. D. Polikarkina,
                                         M. Ya. Schelev, Z. M. Semichastnova, T. A. Skaballanovich, V. E. Sokolov, A.M. Prokhorov
                                         General Physics Institute (Russian Federation)

                         7126 1C         10 ps x-ray streak camera [7126-17]
                                         V. S. Belolipetski, P. B. Gornostaev, V. I. Lozovoi, M. Ya. Schelev, A.M. Prokhorov General
                                         Physics Institute (Russian Federation)

                         7126 1D         On the way to overcoming the 100 fs time resolution limit in photoelectron imaging [7126-71]
                                         P. B. Gornostaev, I. A. Kopaew, M. Ya. Schelev, A.M. Prokhorov General Physics Institute
                                         (Russian Federation)

                          7126 1E        Research on some problems for the rotating mirror camera [7126-11]
                                         J. Li, Shenzhen Univ. (China); X. Tan, Institute of Fluid Physics, CAEP (China); F. Sun, Xi'an
                                         Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics (China); X. Gong, H. Huang, Shenzhen Univ.
                                         (China)

                                                                                                                                          vii

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FLOW VISUALIZATION

                          7126 1F        High-speed optical measurements of an underexpanded supersonic jet impinging on an
                                         inclined plate [7126-49]
                                         A. Risborg, J. Soria, Monash Univ. (Australia)

                         7126 1G         Liquid atomization induced by pulse laser reflection at and beneath the liquid surface
                                         [7126-69]
                                         Y. Utsunomiya, T. Kajiwara, T. Nishiyama, K. Nagayama, Kyushu Univ. (Japan); S. Kubota,
                                         National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (Japan); M. Nakahara,
                                         Fukuoka Institute of Technology (Japan)

                                         X-RAY SOURCES AND RECORDING

                         7126 1H         Fundamental study on ultra-high-speed tomography system utilizing intense flash x-ray
                                         generators [7126-66]
                                         E. Sato, Iwate Medical Univ. (Japan); T. Enomoto, Toho Univ. School of Medicine (Japan);
                                         T. Kawai, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. (Japan); M. Izumisawa, Iwate Medical Univ. (Japan);
                                         K. Sato, Toreck, Inc. (Japan); A. Ogawa, S. Sato, Iwate Medical Univ. (Japan); K. Takayama,
                                         Tohoku Univ. (Japan)

                          7126 1I        Ultra-high-speed embossed radiography system [7126-64]
                                         E. Sato, Iwate Medical Univ. (Japan); P. Abderyim, Iwate Univ. (Japan); A. Osawa,
                                         T. Enomoto, Toho Univ. School of Medicine (Japan); E. Tanaka, Tokyo Univ. of Agriculture
                                         (Japan); K. Sato, Toreck, Inc. (Japan); M. Izumisawa, A. Ogawa, S. Sato, Iwate Medical Univ.
                                         (Japan); K. Takayama, Tohoku Univ. (Japan)

                          7126 1J        Second harmonic x-ray irradiation from weakly ionized linear ferrum plasma [7126-65]
                                         E. Sato, Iwate Medical Univ. (Japan); R. Germer, Technische Univ. Berlin (Germany),
                                         Fachhochschule für Technik und Wirtschaft (Germany), and Institut für Theoretische Physik
                                         (Germany); T. Enomoto, Toho Univ. School of Medicine (Japan); E. Tanaka, Tokyo Univ. of
                                         Agriculture (Japan); T. Kawai, Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. (Japan); M. Izumisawa, Iwate
                                         Medical Univ. (Japan); K. Sato, Toreck, Inc. (Japan); A. Ogawa, S. Sato, Iwate Medical Univ.
                                         (Japan); K. Takayama, Tohoku Univ. (Japan)

                         7126 1K         Simultaneous measurement of imploded core and heating laser injection by using x-ray
                                         framing camera [7126-36]
                                         M. Koga, T. Fujiwara, T. Sakaiya, M. Lee, K. Shigemori, H. Shiraga, H. Azechi, Osaka Univ.
                                         (Japan)

                          7126 1L        Implosion and heating diagnostics of fast ignition laser fusion target with ultra-high-speed
                                         x-ray imaging [7126-61]
                                         H. Shiraga, J. Zhong, M. Koga, T. Mochiyama, H. Azechi, Osaka Univ. (Japan)

                        7126 1M          Application of ultra-high-speed optical observations and high-speed x-ray radiography
                                         measurements to the study of explosively driven copper tube expansion [7126-44]
                                         C. Voltz, CEA, DAM (France); J. M. Lagrange, G. Besnard, B. Etchessahar, CEA, DAM, DIF
                                         (France)

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HIGH-SPEED IMAGING

                         7126 1N         Metrology and detonics: analysis of necking [7126-30]
                                         G. Besnard, CEA, DAM, DIF (France) and Ecole Normale Supérieure de Cachan (France);
                                         B. Etchessahar, J.-M. Lagrange, C. Voltz, CEA, DAM, DIF (France); F. Hild, S. Roux, Ecole
                                         Normale Supérieure de Cachan (France)

                         7126 1O         Heterodyne velocimetry and detonics experiments [7126-05]
                                         P. Mercier, J. Bénier, P. A. Frugier, G. Contencin, J. Veaux, S. Lauriot-Basseuil, M. Debruyne,
                                         CEA, DAM, DIF (France)

                         7126 1P         Visualization of explosion phenomena using a high-speed video camera with an
                                         uncoupled objective lens by fiber-optic [7126-24]
                                         N. Tokuoka, Shimadzu Corp. (Japan); H. Miyoshi, Chugoku Kayaku Co., Ltd (Japan);
                                         H. Kusano, Shimadzu Corp. (Japan); H. Hata, T. Hiroe, K. Fujiwara, Kumamoto Univ. (Japan);
                                         K. Yasushi, Shimadzu Corp. (Japan)

                         7126 1Q         Extremely high-speed imaging based on tubeless technology [7126-10]
                                         J. Li, Shenzhen Univ. (China)

                                         IMPACT AND BALLISTICS

                         7126 1R         Designs of an optical system with laser illumination for shooting position measurement
                                         [7126-75]
                                         Q. Bai, H. Li, W. Xiong, Xi'an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics (China)

                                         LASERS AND INSTRUMENTATION

                          7126 1S        Parallel computation of level set method for 500 Hz visual servo control [7126-57]
                                         X. Fei, Tohoku Univ. (Japan) and Guizhou Univ. (China); Y. Igarashi, Tohoku Univ. (Japan);
                                         K. Hashimoto, Tohoku Univ. (Japan) and Japan Science and Technology Agency (Japan)

                                         IMAGE PROCESSING

                          7126 1T        Determination of polysaccharides of Auricularia auricula using visible/near-infrared
                                         spectroscopy and chemometrics [7126-32]
                                         F. Liu, Z. Jin, F. Zhang, G. Sun, W. Zhou, Y. He, Zhejiang Univ. (China)

                                         PHOTONICS

                         7126 1U         Real-time terahertz imaging using a 1.63-THz optically pumped terahertz laser and a
                                         pyroelectric camera [7126-02]
                                         S. Ruan, Shenzhen Univ. (China); J. Yang, Shenzhen Univ. (China) and Shenzhen Institute of
                                         Advanced Technology (China); M. Zhang, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology
                                         (China)

                                         Author Index

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Congress Committees

                              Congress Chair
                                                Harald Kleine, UNSW@ADFA (Australia)

                              Editors
                                                Harald Kleine, UNSW@ADFA (Australia)
                                                Martha Patricia Butrón Guillén, UNSW@ADFA (Australia)

                              International Advisory Committee/National Delegates
                                                Tapan Biswal (India)
                                                Munamwar Chaudri (Pakistan)
                                                John M. Dewey (Canada)
                                                Yossef Horovitz (Israel)
                                                Xun Hou (China)*
                                                Manfred Hugenschmidt (Germany)*
                                                Arne B. Mattsson (Sweden)*
                                                Michel Paindavoine (France)*
                                                Wim C. Prinse (Netherlands)
                                                Eiichi Sato (Japan)*
                                                Mikhail Ya. Schelev (Russia)*
                                                Beric W. Skews (South Africa)*
                                                Graham W. Smith (United Kingdom)*
                                                Kris Tomaszewski (Poland)
                                                James S. Walton (United States)*
                                                *Denotes those National Delegates who were present at Canberra

                              Local Organizing Committee
                                                Elanor Huntington, UNSW@ADFA (Australia)
                                                Andrew Lambert, UNSW@ADFA (Australia)
                                                Tim McIntyre, University of Queensland (Australia)
                                                Neil Mudford, UNSW@ADFA (Australia)
                                                Andrew Neely, UNSW@ADFA (Australia)
                                                Jim Nicholls, DSTO Melbourne (Australia)
                                                Sean O’Byrne, UNSW@ADFA (Australia)
                                                Julio Soria, Monash University (Australia)
                                                Heiko Timmers, UNSW@ADFA (Australia)

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Session Chairs
                                                Plenary Papers
                                                Harald Kleine (Australia)
                                                Manfred Hugenschmidt (Germany)
                                                Boleslaw Stasicki (Germany)
                                                Mikhail Ya. Schelev (Russia)

                                                High-Speed Cameras / Streak Tubes
                                                James S. Walton (USA)
                                                Graham P. Haddleton (United Kingdom)
                                                Kohsei Takehara (Japan)
                                                Andrew Lambert (Australia)

                                                Flow Visualization
                                                Sudhir L. Gai (Australia)
                                                Graham W. Smith (United Kingdom)
                                                Jong-Leng Liow (Australia)
                                                Beric W. Skews (South Africa)

                                                X-Ray Sources and Recording
                                                Rudolf Germer (Germany)
                                                Sean O’Byrne (Australia)
                                                Koju Hiraki (Japan)

                                                High-Speed Imaging
                                                Heiko Timmers (Australia)

                                                Impact and Ballistics
                                                 Andrew Neely (Australia)
                                                 Harald Kleine (Australia)

                                                Lasers and Instrumentation
                                                Neil R. Mudford (Australia)

                                                Image Processing
                                                 Cenk Kocer (Australia)
                                                 David R. Buttsworth (Australia)

                                                Photonics
                                                Wei Zhao (China)
                                                Eiichi Sato (Japan)

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Introduction

                              The 28th International Congress on High-Speed Imaging and Photonics (ICHSIP28)
                              was hosted by the University of New South Wales at the Australian Defence Force
                              Academy, Canberra, Australia.

                              Since 1952, the biennial international meeting on high-speed photography has
                              been held to bring together scientists and researchers who may have different
                              technical backgrounds, but who share one common interest: the recording of
                              highly transient optical phenomena and photonic events. The purpose of this
                              meeting is to exchange ideas and technical information on high-speed recording
                              devices and light sources, as well as the application of these diagnostics to
                              various fields of science and engineering.

                              This meeting—the 28th instalment of this series—followed many of the traditions
                              established over the last decades, but was also characterized by three significant
                              “firsts”: it was the first time it was held “down under” (in fact, it was only the
                              second time that this meeting took place in the Southern hemisphere) and it was
                              the first time it was run under its new name “International Congress on High-Speed
                              Imaging and Photonics” (as decided by the national delegates during the 27th
                              congress in Xi'an, China, in 2006). As in the preceding meetings of this series, the
                              papers, posters and invited lectures presented during this conference outlined
                              the most recent developments in high-speed optical diagnostics and in
                              experimental techniques that use these diagnostic tools. The presented papers
                              clearly demonstrated that the science (and often the art) of high-speed imaging
                              has almost literally opened a new dimension in many research fields. The role of
                              high-speed cameras, for example, can be likened to that of the electron
                              microscope: where the latter has helped to explore new worlds by increasing
                              spatial resolution below the nanometer, the former instruments have helped us to
                              observe processes and phenomena that occur on a nano- to microsecond time
                              scale.

                              The third “first” was the introduction of a voluntary peer review for submitted
                              papers, which reflects a growing demand for elements of quality control in
                              conference publications. About two-thirds of all papers presented during the
                              congress and published in these proceedings were reviewed by two
                              independent referees prior to submission to SPIE, where the proceedings of this
                              meeting are published as in previous years. Peer-reviewed papers are marked as
                              such in the table of contents.

                              One-hundred and seven delegates from eleven different countries attended the
                              congress. The fact that more than 80% of these delegates came from overseas
                              demonstrates very clearly the international character of this conference series. A

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total of 73 papers and posters were presented, 65 of which are included in this
                              volume.

                              The contributed papers were classified into the following eight main subject
                              areas:
                                         1. High-Speed Cameras/Streak Tubes
                                         2. Flow Visualization
                                         3. X-Ray Sources and Recording
                                         4. High-Speed Imaging
                                         5. Impact and Ballistics
                                         6. Lasers and Instrumentation
                                         7. Image Processing
                                         8. Photonics

                              It had been one of the intentions of the organizers of this meeting to give it a
                              distinctively Australian flair. As the congress was held on the campus of
                              UNSW@ADFA, the participants had an opportunity to get a first-hand impression
                              of this unique establishment. The reception at the CSIRO Discovery Centre also
                              highlighted some of the ongoing research activities in Australia. The location of
                              the congress banquet was Old Parliament House, the birthplace of Australian
                              democracy. The excursion took the participants to Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve,
                              where many of us could encounter Australian wildlife in its natural habitat. Several
                              members of the high-speed imaging community showed that their training in
                              taking images of rapidly moving objects could also be advantageously used for
                              obtaining first-class photographs of kangaroos, wallabies, lizards, possums, various
                              birds, and even of the usually very elusive platypus.

                              During the conference banquet on Wednesday, November 12, the prestigious
                              Photo-Sonics Achievement Award was presented to Dr. Radu Corlan of Vision
                              Research Inc. As Dr. Corlan was unfortunately unable to attend the meeting, the
                              award was accepted on his behalf by his Australian colleague Phiroze Dalal.

                              During the banquet it was announced that the next congress will be held in 2010
                              in Morioka, Japan, hosted by Prof. Eiichi Sato of Iwate University. This decision was
                              made during the meeting of the national delegates on Tuesday, November 11.

                              Many of the activities of the congress would not have been possible without the
                              generous support of various sponsors who contributed to the success of this
                              conference:
                                    •    Air Force Office of Scientific Research, Asian Office of Aerospace
                                         Research and Development (AFOSR/AOARD) 1

                              1 AFOSR/AOARD support is not intended to express or imply endorsement by the

                              U.S. Federal Government.

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•    Shimadzu Scientific Instruments (Oceania) Pty. Ltd., Rydalmere, NSW,
                                         Australia
                                    •    Vision Research, Wayne, NJ, USA
                                    •    The University of New South Wales at the Australian Defence Force
                                         Academy (UNSW@ADFA), Canberra, Australia

                              The support granted by these sponsors enabled the organizers in particular to let
                              students and retired scientists participate in the meeting at a significantly
                              reduced registration fee, and hence made it possible to maintain continuity and
                              established traditions while also opening the field of high-speed imaging and
                              photonics to future generations of researchers.

                              A special acknowledgement is due to recognize the support of SPIE for
                              facilitating the submission of manuscripts and assisting in the compilation of the
                              proceedings.

                              The preparation of a conference like this requires considerable time and effort, as
                              anybody who has ever organized one will know. It is virtually impossible to attend
                              to all of the tasks without the help of dedicated assistants. Many of these often
                              unsung heroes spend hours and days looking after the many details that such
                              meetings inherently have, and without them, many a conference would have
                              ended a lot less successful than they did.

                              We consider it therefore appropriate to acknowledge the contributions of:

                                    •    Professor John Baird for his generous support for this meeting;

                                    •    Mrs. Yvonna Gruszka for her seemingly endless efforts in negotiating with
                                         caterers, bus companies, hotels and many other groups and institutions
                                         that were involved in this event, and for taking care of the formal duties of
                                         registration and conference paperwork;

                                    •    Ms. Laura Kristina Kleine Butrón for making her parents smile in the many
                                         stressful moments preceding the congress and for helping to pack the
                                         conference bags;

                                    •    Ms. Karen Leung for assisting in the handling of the financial aspects of the
                                         meeting, before, during, and after the conference;

                                    •    Mrs. Bettina Odenthal for providing invaluable help during the preparation
                                         of the meeting and for making the registration process smooth and
                                         efficient;

                                    •    Mr. Mike Palmer-Allen for his support and advice regarding the
                                         organisation of this meeting;

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•    Mr. Stefan Brieschenk, Mr. Robert Hruschka, Mr. Gisu Park, Mr. Varun
                                         Prakash, and Mr. Sven Wittig for their assistance in the preparation of the
                                         Book of Abstracts and for technical support during the congress
                                         presentations;

                                    •    The staff of the Educational and Technology Services of UNSW@ADFA
                                         (Kurt Barnett, Ray Draper, Bill Keegan, Toby Keen, and Clayton McGuire)
                                         for helping to prepare posters and notepads for the meeting and for
                                         ensuring that all the infrastructure for the presentations was operational;

                                    •    Our colleagues and friends at UNSW@ADFA who helped us in the
                                         preparation of this meeting;

                                    •    The board of referees for reviewing the contributions to this meeting; and

                                    •    Special thanks are due, of course, to all of the participants of ICHSIP28,
                                         delegates, and exhibitors, for coming the long way to Australia and
                                         Canberra and for participating in this meeting.

                              On behalf of the organizing committee of the 28th International Congress on High-
                              Speed Imaging and Photonics, we would like to express our sincere gratitude to
                              all representatives of the high-speed imaging community who gathered here in
                              Canberra for the congress and made it a successful and memorable event—we
                              look forward to seeing you again in Morioka in 2010 and at subsequent
                              congresses.

                                                                                                                    Harald Kleine
                                                                                                    Martha Patricia Butrón Guillén

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ICHSIP28 Participants at Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve (Photo Courtesy of James Walton)

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2008 Photo-Sonics Achievement Award

                              The Photo-Sonics Achievement Award recognizes outstanding contributions in
                              high-speed imaging. The award is presented every two years in conjunction with
                              the International High-Speed Imaging Congress. The winner of the award is
                              presented with a plaque and a framed certificate bearing a citation of the
                              recognized work. The award also carries an honorarium of $5,000 USD which is
                              donated by Photo-Sonics, Inc. in Burbank, California.
                              The Photo-Sonics Achievement Award is given to an individual who has
                              contributed developments or inventions that have resulted in significant
                              advances in high speed-photo-instrumentation or high-speed imaging. The
                              technical achievements of a group are only considered if one person has
                              contributed substantially to the concept and its development. The recognized
                              work must have been performed in the last five years.
                              The 2008 Photo-Sonics Achievement Award was presented to Radu Corlan in
                              recognition of his original contributions to the design of CMOS imaging sensors,
                              and for developing innovative embedded technologies that are employed in
                              commercial state-of-the-art CMOS high-speed video cameras. His contributions
                              to high-speed imaging include the design of several large specialized CMOS
                              sensors, a nonvolatile, hot swappable magazine for storing high-speed
                              recordings, a unique high-speed “point and shoot” video camera, and various
                              innovative data interfaces used in commercial high-speed video cameras.

                                                                                                    James S.Walton

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HIGH-SPEED IMAGING AND PHOTONICS
                                     INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS ON

                                                                     CANBERRA, NOVEMBER 9- 14 2008
                           28TH

                                                               ..

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