Pediatrics Milestones - The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education - ACGME

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Pediatrics Milestones - The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education - ACGME
Pediatrics Milestones
                                          The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education

                                                                   Implementation Date: July 1, 2021
                                                                     Second Revision: March 2021
                                                                     First Revision: December 2012

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
All rights reserved except the copyright owners grant third parties the right to use the Pediatrics Milestones on a non-exclusive basis for educational purposes.
Pediatrics Milestones

The Milestones are designed only for use in evaluation of residents in the context of their participation in
ACGME-accredited residency programs. The Milestones provide a framework for the assessment of the
development of the resident in key dimensions of the elements of physician competence in a specialty or
subspecialty. They neither represent the entirety of the dimensions of the six domains of physician competency,
nor are they designed to be relevant in any other context.

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
All rights reserved except the copyright owners grant third parties the right to use the Pediatrics Milestones on a non-exclusive basis for educational purposes.
                                                                                                                                                                    I
Pediatrics Milestones

                                                                                  Work Group
                            Marsha Anderson, MD                                                                         Mel Heyman, MD, MPH
                            Courtney Brantley, MD                                                                   Oriaku Kas-Osoka, MD, MEd
                              April Buchanan, MD                                                                      Kristin Koehn, MD, MACM
                                  Ann Burke, MD                                                                            Emily Machogu, MD
                              Carol Carraccio, MD                                                                          Brian May, MD, MEd
                               Jennifer Chen, MD                                                                      Judy-April Oparaji, MD, RD
                             Abhay Dandekar, MD                                                                               Kris Rooney, MD
                             Stephanie Dewar, MD                                                                        Johannah Scheurer, MD
                        Jennifer Di Rocco, DO, MEd                                                                      Daniel Schumacher, MD
                                 Maya Eady, MD                                                                    Judith S. Shaw, EdD, MPH, RN
                           Laura Edgar, EdD, CAE                                                                             David Turner, MD
                           John Frohna, MD, MPH                                                                        Anne Warwick, MD, MPH
                         Bahareh Gordon, MD, MS                                                                             Kimberly Wolf, DO
           Mary Fran Hazinski, RN, MSN, FAAN, FAHA

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
All rights reserved except the copyright owners grant third parties the right to use the Pediatrics Milestones on a non-exclusive basis for educational purposes.
                                                                                                                                                                    II
The ACGME would like to thank the following organizations for their continued support in the
development of the Milestones:

                                                                 American Board of Pediatrics
                                                       Association of American Medical Colleges
                                        Association of Osteopathic Directors and Medical Educators
                                                      Association of Pediatric Program Directors
                                                             Council of Pediatric Subspecialties
                                                              Review Committee for Pediatrics

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
All rights reserved except the copyright owners grant third parties the right to use the Pediatrics Milestones on a non-exclusive basis for educational purposes.
                                                                                                                                                                    iii
Understanding Milestone Levels and Reporting

This document presents the Milestones, which programs use in a semi-annual review of resident performance, and then report to
the ACGME. Milestones are knowledge, skills, attitudes, and other attributes for each of the ACGME Competencies organized in a
developmental framework. The narrative descriptions are targets for resident performance throughout their educational program.

Milestones are arranged into levels. Tracking from Level 1 to Level 5 is synonymous with moving from novice to expert resident in
the specialty or subspecialty. For each reporting period, the Clinical Competency Committee will review the completed evaluations
to select the milestone levels that best describe each learner’s current performance, abilities, and attributes for each
subcompetency.

These levels do not correspond with post-graduate year of education. Depending on previous experience, a junior resident may
achieve higher levels early in his/her educational program just as a senior resident may be at a lower level later in his/her
educational program. There is no predetermined timing for a resident to attain any particular level. Residents may also regress in
achievement of their milestones. This may happen for many reasons, such as over scoring in a previous review, a disjointed
experience in a particular procedure, or a significant act by the resident.

Selection of a level implies the resident substantially demonstrates the milestones in that level, as well as those in lower levels
(see the diagram on page vi).

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
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                                                                                                                                                                    iv
Additional Notes

Level 4 is designed as a graduation goal but does not represent a graduation requirement. Making decisions about readiness for
graduation and unsupervised practice is the purview of the program director. Furthermore, Milestones 2.0 include revisions and
changes that preclude using Milestones as a sole assessment in high-stakes decisions (i.e., determination of eligibility for
certification or credentialing). Level 5 is designed to represent an expert resident whose achievements in a subcompetency are
greater than the expectation. Milestones are primarily designed for formative, developmental purposes to support continuous
quality improvement for individual learners, education programs, and the specialty. The ACGME and its partners will continue to
evaluate and perform research on the Milestones to assess their impact and value.

Examples are provided for some milestones within this document. Please note: the examples are not the required element or
outcome; they are provided as a way to share the intent of the element.

A Supplemental Guide is also available to provide the intent of each subcompetency, examples for each level, assessment
methods or tools, and other available resources. The Supplemental Guide, like examples contained within the Milestones, is
designed only to assist the program director and Clinical Competency Committee, and is not meant to demonstrate any required
element or outcome.

Additional resources are available in the Milestones section of the ACGME website. Follow the links under “What We Do” at
www.acgme.org.

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
All rights reserved except the copyright owners grant third parties the right to use the Pediatrics Milestones on a non-exclusive basis for educational purposes.
                                                                                                                                                                    v
The diagram below presents an example set of milestones for one sub-competency in the same format as the ACGME
         Report Worksheet. For each reporting period, a resident’s performance on the milestones for each sub-competency will be
         indicated by selecting the level of milestones that best describes that resident’s performance in relation to those milestones.

                         Selecting a response box in the                                   Selecting a response box on the line in
                         middle of a level implies that                                    between levels indicates that milestones
                         milestones in that level and in lower                             in lower levels have been substantially
                         levels have been substantially                                    demonstrated as well as some
                         demonstrated.                                                     milestones in the higher level(s).

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
All rights reserved except the copyright owners grant third parties the right to use the Pediatrics Milestones on a non-exclusive basis for educational purposes.
                                                                                                                                                                    vi
Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Patient Care 1: History

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Gathers information                Adapts template to filter          Filters, prioritizes, and           Filters, prioritizes, and        Recognizes and probes
 strictly following a               and prioritize pertinent           synthesizes the history to          synthesizes the history          subtle clues from patients
 template                           positives and negatives            develop a differential              to develop a differential        and families;
                                    based on broad                     diagnosis in real-time for          diagnosis in real time           distinguishes nuances
                                    diagnostic categories or           uncomplicated or typical            for complicated or               among diagnoses to
                                    possible diagnoses                 presentations                       atypical presentations           efficiently drive further
                                                                                                                                            information gathering

 Comments:
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Completed Level 1
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Assessable

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Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Patient Care 2: Physical Exam

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Performs fundamental               Performs complete                  Performs complete or                Performs complete or             Detects, pursues, and
 physical examination               physical examination and           focused physical                    focused physical                 integrates key physical
                                    identifies variants and            examination, as indicated,          examination, as                  examination findings to
                                    abnormal findings                  and interprets normal               indicated, and selects           distinguish nuances
                                                                       variants and abnormal               advanced maneuvers to            among competing, often
                                                                       findings                            distinguish between              similar diagnoses
                                                                                                           diagnoses

 Performs a rote physical           Performs a physical                Performs a physical                 Performs a physical              Performs a physical
 examination using a                examination considering            examination with                    examination using                examination that
 strict head-to-toe                 appropriate adaptation for         consistent use of a                 strategies to maximize           consistently and positively
 approach                           age and development                developmentally                     patient cooperation and          engages the patient
                                                                       appropriate approach                comfort

 Comments:
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Completed Level 1
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Assessable

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
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Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Patient Care 3: Organize and Prioritize Patient Care

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Completes tasks for an             Organizes patient care             Organizes and prioritizes           Organizes, prioritizes,          Serves as a role model
 individual patient, when           responsibilities by                the simultaneous care of            and delegates patient            and coach for patient care
 prompted                           focusing on individual             patients with efficiency            care responsibilities            responsibilities
                                    (rather than multiple)                                                 even when patient
                                    patients                                                               volume approaches the
                                                                                                           capacity of the
                                                                                                           individual or facility;
                                                                                                           anticipates and triages
                                                                                                           urgent and emergent
                                                                                                           issues

 Comments:
                                                                                                                                Not Yet Completed Level 1
                                                                                                                                Not Yet Assessable

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                                                                                                                                                                         3
Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Patient Care 4: Clinical Reasoning

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Presents clinical facts            Generates an unfocused             Organizes clinical facts to         Integrates clinical facts        Role models and coaches
 (e.g., history, exam,              differential diagnosis             compare and contrast                into a unifying                  the organization of clinical
 tests, consultations) in           based on the clinical facts        diagnoses being                     diagnosis(es);                   facts to develop a
 the order they were                                                   considered, resulting in a          reappraises in real time         prioritized differential
 elicited                                                              prioritized differential            to avoid diagnostic error        diagnosis, including life
                                                                       diagnosis                                                            threatening diagnoses,
                                                                                                                                            atypical presentations,
                                                                                                                                            and complex clinical
                                                                                                                                            presentations

 Comments:
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Completed Level 1
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Assessable

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Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Patient Care 5: Patient Management

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Reports management                 Participates in the                Develops an                         Develops and                     Serves as a role model
 plans developed by                 creation of management             interdisciplinary                   implements informed              and coach for
 others                             plans                              management plan for                 management plans for             development of
                                                                       common and typical                  complicated and                  management plans for
                                                                       diagnoses                           atypical diagnoses, with         complicated and atypical
                                                                                                           the ability to modify            diagnoses, with the ability
                                                                                                           plans as necessary               to modify plans as
                                                                                                                                            necessary

 Comments:
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Completed Level 1
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Assessable

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Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Medical Knowledge 1: Clinical Knowledge

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Demonstrates basic                 Links basic medical                Applies medical                     Integrates a breadth of          Teaches at multiple
 medical knowledge                  knowledge to clinical              knowledge to common                 medical knowledge that           levels, drawing from a
                                    scenarios                          and typical scenarios to            includes complicated             breadth of medical
                                                                       guide patient care                  and atypical conditions          knowledge that spans the
                                                                                                           to guide patient care            continuum of simple to
                                                                                                                                            complex problems

 Comments:
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Completed Level 1
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Assessable

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
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Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Medical Knowledge 2: Diagnostic Evaluation

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Lists basic evaluation             Recommends broad                   Recommends focused                  Prioritizes and                  Educates others about
 (e.g., diagnostic testing          evaluation based on an             evaluation based on a               optimizes evaluation             risks, benefits,
 and consultation) for              unfocused differential             prioritized differential            based on risks, benefits,        indications, and
 common diagnoses, with             diagnosis                          diagnosis                           indications, and                 alternatives to guide
 prompting                                                                                                 alternatives to clarify the      diagnostic decision
                                                                                                           diagnosis(es)                    making

 Reports results of                 Identifies clinically              Interprets clinical                 Interprets clinical              Teaches others to
 diagnostic studies                 significant diagnostic             significance of diagnostic          significance of                  interpret clinically
                                    study results, with                study results                       diagnostic study results         significant results and
                                    guidance                                                               while considering study          consider study limitations
                                                                                                           limitations

 Comments:
                                                                                                                                Not Yet Completed Level 1
                                                                                                                                Not Yet Assessable

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
All rights reserved except the copyright owners grant third parties the right to use the Pediatrics Milestones on a non-exclusive basis for educational purposes.
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Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Systems-Based Practice 1: Patient Safety

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Demonstrates                       Identifies system factors          Participates in analysis of         Conducts analysis of             Actively engages teams
 knowledge of common                that lead to patient safety        patient safety events               patient safety events            and processes to modify
 patient safety events              events                             (simulated or actual)               and offers error                 systems to prevent
                                                                                                           prevention strategies            patient safety events
                                                                                                           (simulated or actual)

 Demonstrates                       Reports patient safety             Participates in disclosure          Discloses patient safety         Role models or mentors
 knowledge of how to                events through                     of patient safety events to         events to patients and           others in the disclosure of
 report patient safety              institutional reporting            patients and families               families (simulated or           patient safety events
 events                             systems (simulated or              (simulated or actual)               actual)
                                    actual)

 Comments:
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Completed Level 1

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
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                                                                                                                                                                          8
Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Systems-Based Practice 2: Quality Improvement

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Demonstrates                       Describes local quality            Participates in local               Demonstrates the skills          Creates, implements, and
 knowledge of basic                 improvement initiatives            quality improvement                 required to identify,            assesses quality
 quality improvement                (e.g., community                   initiatives                         develop, implement,              improvement initiatives at
 methodologies and                  vaccination rate, infection                                            and analyze a quality            the institutional or
 metrics                            rate, smoking cessation)                                               improvement project              community level

 Comments:
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Completed Level 1

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Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Systems-Based Practice 3: System Navigation for Patient Centered Care – Coordination of Care

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Lists the various                  Coordinates care of                Coordinates care of                 Coordinates                      Coaches others in
 interprofessional                  patients in routine clinical       patients in complex                 interprofessional,               interprofessional, patient-
 individuals involved in            situations, incorporating          clinical situations,                patient-centered care            centered care
 the patient’s care                 interprofessional teams            effectively utilizing the           among different                  coordination
 coordination                       with consideration of              roles of interprofessional          disciplines and
                                    patient and family needs           teams, and incorporating            specialties, actively
                                                                       patient and family needs            assisting families in
                                                                       and goals                           navigating the health-
                                                                                                           care system

 Comments:
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Completed Level 1

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
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                                                                                                                                                                          10
Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Systems-Based Practice 4: System Navigation for Patient-Centered Care – Transitions in Care

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Uses a standard                    Adapts a standard                  Performs safe and                   Performs and                     Coaches others in
 template for transitions           template, recognizing key          effective transitions of            advocates for safe and           improving transitions of
 of care/hand-offs                  elements for safe and              care/hand-offs in complex           effective transitions of         care within and across
                                    effective transitions of           clinical situations, and            care/hand-offs within            health care delivery
                                    care/hand-offs in routine          ensures closed-loop                 and across health care           systems to optimize
                                    clinical situations                communication                       delivery systems,                patient outcomes
                                                                                                           including transitions to
                                                                                                           adult care

 Comments:
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Completed Level 1

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
All rights reserved except the copyright owners grant third parties the right to use the Pediatrics Milestones on a non-exclusive basis for educational purposes.
                                                                                                                                                                       11
Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Systems-Based Practice 5: Population and Community Health

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Demonstrates                       Identifies specific                Uses local resources                Adapts practice to               Advocates at the local,
 awareness of population            population and                     effectively to meet the             provide for the needs of         regional, or national level
 and community health               community health needs             needs and reduce health             and reduce health                for populations and
 needs and disparities              and disparities; identifies        disparities of a patient            disparities of a specific        communities with health
                                    local resources                    population and                      population                       care disparities
                                                                       community

 Comments:
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Completed Level 1

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
All rights reserved except the copyright owners grant third parties the right to use the Pediatrics Milestones on a non-exclusive basis for educational purposes.
                                                                                                                                                                          12
Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Systems-Based Practice 6: Physician Role in Health Care Systems

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Engages with patients              Identifies the relationships       Discusses the need for              Advocates for the                Coaches others to
 and other providers in             between the delivery               changes in clinical                 promotion of safe,               promote safe, quality, and
 discussions about cost-            system and cost-                   approaches based on                 quality, and high-value          high-value care across
 conscious care and key             conscious care and the             evidence, outcomes, and             care                             health care systems
 components of the                  impact on the patient care         cost-effectiveness to
 health care delivery                                                  improve care for patients
 system                                                                and families

 Comments:
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Completed Level 1

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
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                                                                                                                                                                     13
Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Practice-Based Learning and Improvement 1: Evidence-Based and Informed Practice

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Develops an answerable             Independently articulates          Locates and applies the             Critically appraises and         Coaches others to
 clinical question and              clinical question and              evidence, integrated with           applies evidence, even           critically appraise and
 demonstrates how to                accesses available                 patient preference, to the          in the face of                   apply evidence for
 access available                   evidence                           care of patients                    uncertainty and                  complex patients
 evidence, with guidance                                                                                   conflicting evidence to
                                                                                                           guide care tailored to
                                                                                                           the individual patient

 Comments:
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Completed Level 1

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
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                                                                                                                                                                      14
Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Practice-Based Learning and Improvement 2: Reflective Practice and Commitment to Personal Growth

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Participates in feedback           Demonstrates openness              Seeks and incorporates              Seeks and incorporates           Role models and coaches
 sessions                           to feedback and                    feedback and                        feedback and                     others in seeking and
                                    performance data                   performance data                    performance data                 incorporating feedback
                                                                       episodically                        consistently                     and performance data

 Develops personal and              Designs a learning plan            Designs and implements              Adapts a learning plan           Demonstrates continuous
 professional goals, with           based on established               a learning plan by                  using long-term                  self-reflection and
 assistance                         goals, feedback, and               analyzing and reflecting            professional goals, self-        coaching of others on
                                    performance data, with             on the factors which                reflection, and                  reflective practice
                                    assistance                         contribute to gap(s)                performance data to
                                                                       between performance                 measure its
                                                                       expectations and actual             effectiveness
                                                                       performance

 Comments:
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Completed Level 1

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
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                                                                                                                                                                    15
Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Professionalism 1: Professional Behavior

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Identifies expected                Demonstrates                       Maintains professional              Recognizes situations            Models professional
 professional behaviors             professional behavior with         behavior in increasingly            that may trigger                 behavior and coaches
 and potential triggers for         occasional lapses                  complex or stressful                professionalism lapses           others when their
 lapses                                                                situations                          and intervenes to                behavior fails to meet
                                                                                                           prevent lapses in self           professional expectations
                                                                                                           and others

 Identifies the value and           Demonstrates                       Fully engages in patient            Exhibits a sense of duty         Extends the role of the
 role of pediatrics as a            accountability for patient         care and holds oneself              to patient care and              pediatrician beyond the
 vocation/career                    care as a pediatrician,            accountable                         professional                     care of patients by
                                    with guidance                                                          responsibilities                 engaging with the
                                                                                                                                            community, specialty, and
                                                                                                                                            medical profession as a
                                                                                                                                            whole

 Comments:
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Completed Level 1

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
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Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Professionalism 2: Ethical Principles

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Demonstrates                       Applies ethical principles         Analyzes complex                    Manages and seeks to             Called upon by others to
 knowledge of the ethical           in common situations               situations using ethical            resolve ethical                  consult in cases of
 principles underlying                                                 principles to address               dilemmas using                   complex ethical
 informed consent,                                                     conflict/controversy;               appropriate resources            dilemmas; identifies and
 surrogate decision                                                    seeks help when needed              (e.g., ethics                    seeks to address system-
 making, advance                                                       to manage and resolve               consultations, literature        level factors that induce
 directives, confidentiality,                                          complex ethical situations          review, risk                     or exacerbate
 error disclosure,                                                                                         management/legal
 stewardship of limited                                                                                    consultation)
 resources, and related
 topics

 Comments:
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Completed Level 1

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Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Professionalism 3: Accountability/Conscientiousness

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Performs tasks and                 Performs tasks and                 Performs tasks and                  Coaches others to                Creates strategies to
 responsibilities, with             responsibilities in a timely       responsibilities in a               ensure tasks and                 enhance others’ ability to
 prompting                          manner in routine                  thorough and timely                 responsibilities are             efficiently complete tasks
                                    situations                         manner in complex or                completed in a thorough          and responsibilities
                                                                       stressful situations                and timely manner in
                                                                                                           complex or stressful
                                                                                                           situations

 Comments:
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Completed Level 1

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Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Professionalism 4: Well-Being

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Recognizes the                     Describes institutional            Recognizes institutional            Describes interactions           Coaches and supports
 importance of                      resources that are meant           and personal factors that           between institutional            colleagues to optimize
 addressing personal and            to promote well-being              impact well-being                   and personal factors             well-being at the team,
 professional well-being                                                                                   that impact well-being           program, or institutional
                                                                                                                                            level

 Comments:
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Completed Level 1

This subcompetency is not intended to evaluate a resident’s well-being, but to ensure each resident has the fundamental knowledge of factors that impact well-
being, the mechanisms by which those factors impact well-being, and available resources and tools to improve well-being.

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
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Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Interpersonal and Communication Skills 1: Patient- and Family-Centered Communication

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Demonstrates respect               Establishes a therapeutic          Establishes a culturally            Establishes a                    Mentors others to develop
 and attempts to establish          relationship in                    competent and                       therapeutic relationship         positive therapeutic
 rapport                            straightforward                    therapeutic relationship in         in straightforward and           relationships
                                    encounters                         most encounters                     complex encounters,
                                                                                                           including those with
                                                                                                           ambiguity and/or conflict

 Attempts to adjust                 Adjusts communication              Communicates with                   Uses shared decision             Models and coaches
 communication                      strategies as needed to            sensitivity and                     making with                      others in patient- and
 strategies based upon              mitigate barriers and meet         compassion, elicits                 patient/family to make a         family-centered
 patient/family                     patient/family                     patient/family values, and          personalized care plan           communication
 expectations                       expectations                       acknowledges uncertainty
                                                                       and conflict

 Comments:
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Completed Level 1

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Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Interpersonal and Communication Skills 2: Interprofessional and Team Communication

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Respectfully requests a            Clearly and concisely              Formulates a specific               Coordinates consultant           Maintains a collaborative
 consultation, with                 requests consultation by           question for consultation           recommendations to               relationship with referring
 guidance                           communicating patient              and tailors communication           optimize patient care            providers that maximizes
                                    information                        strategy                                                             adherence to practice
                                                                                                                                            recommendations

 Identifies the members             Participates within the            Uses bi-directional                 Facilitates                      Coaches others in
 of the interprofessional           interprofessional team             communication within the            interprofessional team           effective communication
 team                                                                  interprofessional team              communication                    within the
                                                                                                                                            interprofessional team

 Comments:
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Completed Level 1

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
All rights reserved except the copyright owners grant third parties the right to use the Pediatrics Milestones on a non-exclusive basis for educational purposes.
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Version 2                                                             Pediatrics, ACGME Report Worksheet

 Interpersonal and Communication Skills 3: Communication within Health Care Systems

 Level 1                            Level 2                            Level 3                             Level 4                          Level 5
 Records accurate                   Records accurate and               Concisely documents                 Documents diagnostic             Models and coaches
 information in the patient         timely information in the          updated, prioritized,               and therapeutic                  others in documenting
 record                             patient record                     diagnostic and                      reasoning, including             diagnostic and
                                                                       therapeutic reasoning in            anticipatory guidance            therapeutic reasoning
                                                                       the patient record

 Identifies the importance          Selects appropriate                Aligns type of                      Demonstrates                     Coaches others in written
 of and responds to                 method of                          communication with                  exemplary written and            and verbal
 multiple forms of                  communication, with                message to be delivered             verbal communication             communication
 communication (e.g., in-           prompting                          (e.g., direct and indirect)
 person, electronic health                                             based on urgency and
 record (EHR), telephone,                                              complexity
 email)

 Comments:
                                                                                                                              Not Yet Completed Level 1

©2021 Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME)
All rights reserved except the copyright owners grant third parties the right to use the Pediatrics Milestones on a non-exclusive basis for educational purposes.
                                                                                                                                                                    22
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