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Online
Monday 1 to Thursday 4 February 2021
Major Sponsors
Sponsor
Supporter
PROGRAM
DAY 1 MONDAY 1 FEBRUARY
4:00 Welcome to Country
4:20 Introduction
4:30 Session 1: Colloquium Retrospective
Ten Years of the Victorian Archaeology Colloquium
Hosted by Caroline Spry with panellists David Frankel,
Susan Lawrence, Ilya Berelov, Shaun Canning, Anita
Smith and Mark Eccleston
Traditional Owner Perspectives on Aboriginal Cultural
Heritage Management in Victoria
Hosted by Darren Griffin with panellists Racquel Buis-
Kerr, Tammy Gilson, Ben Muir and Uncle Dave Wandin
Tribute to David Rhodes
Bianca DiFazio
6:00 Day 1 close
DAY 2 TUESDAY 2 FEBRUARY
4:00 Session 2
Session Chair: Liz Foley
2
Reframing the pedagogy of Indigenous Australian
archaeology within the classroom to transform student
engagement within the discipline
Georgia Roberts
A new method for investigating the age of Aboriginal
culturally modified trees in Australia
Caroline Spry, Greg Ingram, Kathryn Allen, Quan Hua,
Brian Armstrong, Elspeth Hayes, Richard Fullagar,
Andrew Long, John Webb, Paul Penzo-Kajewski, Luc
Bordes, Lisa Paton and Orange Local Aboriginal Land
Council
The durability of silcrete and how it affects tool use-life
Grace Stephenson-Gordon
Pitching in: Working with the recent experimental
archaeology of Wurundjeri Country
Angela Foley
Open (Archaeological) Science: considerations for
collecting, storing and accessing archaeological science
data in a heritage management context
Rebekah Kurpiel
Learning Archaeology Online: student perspectives on
the most effective activities and resources delivered
remotely
Ian Walkeden, Maddison Crombie, Marcel Teschendorff,
Timothy McLean, Melita Rajkumar, Elisa Scorsini, Iona
Claringbold, Lucinda O’Riley and Rebekah Kurpiel
6:00 Day 2 close
3DAY 3 WEDNESDAY 3 FEBRUARY
4:00 Session 3
Session Chair: Katherine Thomas
Proximity analysis of Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Places
and water in the Bunurong Land Council Aboriginal
Corporation Registered Aboriginal Party area
David Tutchener
Jacksons Creek Regional Parklands Cultural Values
Study: RAP led investigations of the Sunbury Rings and
Jacksons Creek corridor
Delta Freedman, Caroline Spry and Jordan Smith
The case of Dooliebeal and Wurdi Youang on
Wadawurrung Country: Threats to, and spatial
awareness of Aboriginal cultural heritage and
landscapes within urban development
Melinda Kennedy and Heather Threadgold
Realising World Heritage listing of the Central Victorian
Goldfields
Susan Fayad
Persistence of place: Aboriginal dwelling along the
Carran Carran (Thomson River, Central Gippsland)
William Anderson and Paul Kucera
Aboriginal Stone Sites and Living Spaces along the
Victorian Volcanic Plains: A modelling system of
incorporated natural resources and ‘Living Spaces’
determining non-nomadic settlements
Heather Threadgold
6:00 Day 3 close
4DAY 4 THURSDAY 4 FEBRUARY
4:00 Session 4
Session Chair: Jessie Garland
The archaeology of printing and the Metro Rail Link
North site, Melbourne
Zvonka Stanin
George Coghill‘s 1840s Boiling down Works at
Tullamarine
Gary Vines
A Survey of the Soda Water Industry in Regional
Victoria 1841 – 1862
Cora Wolswinkel
The Birds
Chris Biagi
The power of nails: interpreting Chinese mining hut
sites
Paul Macgregor
Victoria’s Second World War Air Power Early Warning
System
Daniel J Leahy
6:00 Conclusion
DAY 5 FRIDAY 5 FEBRUARY
12:00 In-person Lunch
Held at La Trobe University, bookings essential.
5Persistence of place: Aboriginal dwelling along the Carran Carran (Thomson River, Central Gippsland) William Anderson and Paul Kucera Dr Vincent Clark & Associates Recurring occupation beside waterways is an important feature of Aboriginal dwelling and movement in the landscape. The banks of rivers and creeks and their wider floodplains could be repeatedly inhabited on a seasonal or intermittent basis as hunting or fishing grounds or to gather plants and other materials; they were also visited for non- subsistence practices such as to navigate Country, for meetings or ceremonies, to affirm boundaries or territorial claims, or to attend places of sacred importance. Archaeological excavations frequently recover material that hints at persistent occupation of fluvial landforms, but it is rare to conclusively prove a place’s longevity. Excavations near Sale in central Gippsland, carried out by archaeologists from Dr Vincent Clark & Associates with members of the Gunaikurnai Land and Waters Aboriginal Corporation, identified one such place. Cultural deposits were recorded up to a metre deep in the sands of an alluvial terrace; these deposits included hearths which were shallower than the main concentration of artefacts. Radiocarbon dating of nine charcoal samples indicates two distinct occupation phases that were separated by a gap of some ten thousand years. The results underline the enduring cultural importance of Carran Carran (Thomson River) near its confluence with Durt'yowan (Latrobe River) and show that this place was revisited over vast spans of time, even as the course of the river and its associated landforms and ecology changed. 6
The Birds Christopher Biagi Christine Williamson Heritage Consultants The contents of a nineteenth century cesspit from 364-378 Little Lonsdale Street in Melbourne’s CBD included a large faunal assemblage, which consisted of 71 species of mammals, birds, shellfish, fish and botanicals. Of particular interest was the wide range and large quantity of bird remains that derived from domestic poultry as well as coastal and wetland species. This paper will discuss the assemblage composition, how the deposit may have formed and why so many different species of birds came to be discarded in the pit. Realising World Heritage Listing of the Central Victorian Goldfields Susan Fayad City of Ballarat First proposed in 1989 and with a renewed focus backed by thirteen local governments today, the Central Victorian Goldfields World Heritage Bid needs to identify if and how the global gold rushes illustrate a significant stage in human history. Using a cultural landscape serial listing model, the bid will identify a series of sites that demonstrate the multiple layers and narratives of the global goldrush landscape, including the story of First Nations peoples and environmental impacts. This includes building the case that the most intact and authentic goldrush cultural landscape in the world that best tells this narrative is Victoria’s Central Goldfields region. 7
In seeking World Heritage, the bid also looks to transform the lives of over half a million people across seventeen percent of Victoria, using listing as a catalyst for social and economic transformation. This presentation will highlight the project’s aspirations, challenges, opportunities and early findings. Pitching in: Working with the recent experimental archaeology of Wurundjeri Country Angela Foley Merri Creek Management Committee The art of communicating about placemaking in the contact zone on Wurundjeri Country today is both risky and essential. As a non-Indigenous educator in formal and non-formal roles, I connect to Wurundjeri Country and the Wurundjeri community through Wurundjeri people’s continuation of their cultural practices. These practices are sometimes described as ‘experimental archaeology’ (Grifffin, D. et al., 2013). In this presentation I focus on some of my intercultural experiences with experimental archaeology, note some of the rewards of doing the ‘hard yards’ to communicate about Wurundjeri Country as a non-Indigenous person, and note the rewards of fore fronting Wurundjeri people’s rights and self- determination. 8
Jacksons Creek Regional Parklands Cultural Values Study: RAP led investigations of the Sunbury Rings and Jacksons Creek corridor Delta Freedman, Caroline Spry and Jordan Smith Wurundjeri Woi wurrung Cultural Heritage Aboriginal Corporation The Jacksons Creek corridor in Sunbury is a significant location on Wurundjeri Woi wurrung Country as the setting of the Sunbury Rings, an abundance of registered Aboriginal places (including silcrete and ochre quarries, and artefact scatters), and remarkable biodiversity. Despite more than 80 years of archaeological investigations, no large-scale study has been undertaken of the archaeological and cultural values of this corridor. The Jacksons Creek Regional Parklands Cultural Values Study, a joint endeavour between the Wurundjeri Woi wurrung Cultural Heritage Aboriginal Corporation and the Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, is investigating the Wurundjeri Woi wurrung significance of 1,143 ha of this corridor, which is proposed to become parklands. The results will enable landscape-scale protection of a significant corridor, and provide the basis for recommendations to manage and protect the cultural values as part of the Victorian Government’s Suburban Parks Program. 9
The case of Dooliebeal and Wurdi Youang on Wadawurrung Country: Threats to, and spatial awareness of Aboriginal cultural heritage and landscapes within urban development Melinda Kennedy and Heather Threadgold MURRI: YUL Consultants and Deakin University Several years of negotiation and processes with local government led to the recent maiden re-naming of a significant Wadawurrung space called Dooliebeal. Dooliebeal is vulnerable amid a fast-growing urban growth development in the Warralily Estate of Armstrong Creek just south of Geelong, Victoria. The space is a small five-hectare creek side reserve, part of an extensive Creation Story for the Wadawurrung people. The landscape has remained reasonably untouched since settlement and is now surrounded by new housing, domestic pets and constant human interaction. Dooliebeal is as a complex and sensitive understanding of Wadawurrung people and place in what has become a disconnected landscape and cultural connection that urban growth creates when landscapes become manipulated by development processes. Wurdi Youang, stone arrangement and culturally significant property near Little River, Victoria is similar in that both sites are regarded as highly threatened in terms of Aboriginal cultural sensitivities, values and connections. The recent re- naming of the Dooliebeal and impending threat to Wurdi Youang not only recognises sites by name in language, crucial spatial awareness of Aboriginal sites of significance as landscape connections of memory, meaning, and living and connection to natural environment for the contemporary 10
urban population incorporating the notion of ‘space and place’ (Yi-Fu Tuan 1977), Geopiety (Wright 1966; Knowles 1992) and Connection to Country (Rose 1992). Using Dooliebeal as an example, this paper outlines the process of re-naming crown land within urban development that shapes the future of Aboriginal cultural sites of significance that may otherwise become misinterpreted, neglected or removed. Open (Archaeological) Science: considerations for collecting, storing and accessing archaeological science data in a heritage management context Rebekah Kurpiel La Trobe University The ‘open science’ movement is delivering a multitude of benefits with respect to sharing and developing knowledge in many disciplines, including archaeology. These days, most archaeological investigations in Victoria are undertaken in the context of heritage management, and specialist analyses are being incorporated into these investigations on a semiregular basis. As the role of archaeological science in heritage management increases, it is important for us to consider the factors that determine what constitutes best practice in terms of collecting, storing and accessing the archaeological science data that are produced in this context. Heritage management projects do not readily lend themselves to ‘open science’ because some of the information we generate is not suitable for sharing broadly. In cases where there are benefits for sharing information outside of our industry, especially with respect to promoting the significance of important places to help protect them, we can work 11
together with Traditional Owners and other stakeholders to ensure this is done appropriately. When sharing broadly is not appropriate, restricted-access registers, such as the Victorian Aboriginal Heritage Register, are a potential archaeological science data storage solution, but we need to ensure that complete, correct, consistent and future-proof data are lodged so that today’s research can be built upon by future projects. This paper will discuss some of the issues relevant to ‘open science’ and heritage management, with a focus on pathways for archaeological science to best contribute to telling the stories of Victoria. Victoria’s Second World War Air Power Early Warning System Daniel J. Leahy University of New England With the outbreak of the Second World War in the Pacific beginning in December 1941, came the legitimate threat of an aerial offensive by Japan upon Australia, and therefore the urgent need for the country to defend itself from such an attack. Even Melbourne was overflown by a Japanese submarine-based aircraft as early as February 1942. Across Victoria, Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) radar stations and a series of Volunteer Air Observer Corps (VAOC) observation posts were established as part of an intricate system all connected to No. 7 Fighter Sector Headquarters located in the Melbourne suburb of Preston. From there, friendly fighter aircraft could be ordered to ‘scramble’ and intercept any enemy attackers if and when required. Despite this state-of-the-art system being in place, analysis of historical records suggest that if any enemy aerial attack on or 12
overflight of Melbourne was made during December 1942 it would have gone almost unchecked. However, in addition to its defensive purpose, the web of VAOC observation posts were also used to help friendly aircraft which had become lost, with such facilities across Australia being credited for helping 2,000 aircraft in 1944 alone. This paper will present aspects of the author’s PhD project which involves mapping Second World War aviation sites across Australia to gain a greater understanding of the country’s air power capabilities of the day. The power of nails - Interpreting Chinese mining hut sites Paul Macgregor The Uncovered Past Institute At the Harrietville Chinese Mining Village, the huts which have been excavated are an ephemeral architecture that ended up lasting fifty years from the start of settlement in circa 1860. These buildings appear to have had timber frames, with cladding of bark or sheet metal (flattened kerosene tins), and were probably repaired, and cladding replaced, over the lifetime of occupation. They are devoid of masonry wall foundations and have no post holes. What remains of the structures, since the village was abandoned circa 1910, are small fragments of sheet metal, and hundreds of nails per hut. Unlike the more typical historical sites excavated in Victoria – where masonry foundations are more common and can be used as reference for the site interpretation and assessment – for these Chinese huts, nails are crucial to the assessment and interpretation of the buildings. The nail assemblage is predominantly made up of Ewbanks (machine cut/wrought nails) and wire nails, that range in size from ½ inch to 5¼ inch, 13
though 45% of the nails are 1½ inch or 2 inch, ideal for securing cladding. Similar nail assemblages and quantities were found in the Snowy Mountains Chinese mining villages excavated by Lindsay Smith, yet Smith’s nail analysis was only a simple total count of Ewbanks vs wire nails. This paper will explore how a detailed nail typology, combined with in situ point provenance locations, can provide valuable information about the building footprints, orientation, design, taphonomy and dating of the Chinese mining huts. Reframing the pedagogy of Indigenous Australian archaeology within the classroom to transform student engagement within the discipline Georgia Roberts La Trobe University There remains significant global need for the development and reframing of archaeological pedagogies – the methods and practices of teaching. Here, I focus on three globally identified themes which are vital to our Australian context – (1) the colonial nature of archaeology and the Western worldview inherent in most archaeological examinations and interpretations; (2) the recentring of Indigenous voices in archaeological teaching, learning and practice and (3) the application of collaborative archaeological theory – and present a review of different approaches to addressing each within the classroom. As we seek to move towards a decolonised profession, it is vital that each of these themes be foregrounded in training the next generation of archaeologists, actively challenged through longitudinal changes to archaeological pedagogy. 14
A new method for investigating the age of Aboriginal culturally modified trees in Australia Caroline Spry1, Greg Ingram2, Kathryn Allen34, Quan Hua5, Brian Armstrong16, Elspeth Hayes7 (University of Wollongong); Richard Fullagar7, Andrew Long8, John Webb1, Paul Penzo- Kajewski1, Luc Bordes7, Lisa Paton and Orange Local Aboriginal Land Council 1 La Trobe University 2 Central Tablelands Local Land Services and Wiradjuri man 3 ARC Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Heritage 4 University of Melbourne 5 ANSTO 6 University of Johannesburg 7 University of Wollongong 8 Andrew Long + Associates Aboriginal culturally modified trees (including scarred trees) are a distinctive feature of the Australian archaeological record, generating insights into Aboriginal interactions with wood and bark. They reflect human interactions with treed landscapes, resulting in scars from the removal of bark or wood for socio-economic and symbolic purposes, or the manipulation of limbs and/or incorporation of a tree and its morphology into political, spiritual and other cultural spheres of society. However, there is limited understanding of the age of these trees, and change and continuity in tree-modification practices over time. This paper presents a new method for investigating the age of Aboriginal culturally modified trees in Australia. It details a case study from the Lachlan Tablelands in NSW, on Wiradjuri Country, where this method was applied to an Aboriginal culturally modified tree with an embedded stone tool as part of a collaborative research project with the Orange 15
Local Aboriginal Land Council. This technique offers Traditional Owners the opportunity to investigate the timing of cultural tree modification, and how these modification practices have changed over time. 'The archaeology of printing and the Metro Rail Link North site, Melbourne Zvonka Stanin ArchLink The 2017 Andrew Long excavation of the State Library site for the Metro Rail Project, identified historical and archaeological evidence of numerous small commercial and retail businesses that date from the 1850s to the 1920s. The historical development and/or archaeology of some of these establishments - grocers, metal spinners, china merchants, tinsmiths, leather fabricators, printers, furniture makers and others - is poorly understood locally, and often generally. As a part of its ongoing analysis of artefacts from the site, Archlink Pty Ltd is providing an introduction into the archaeology of one of these: Benjamin Lucas printer’s shop at 220 Swanston Street (c.1860s-1870s). The discussion of the shop’s remnants focuses on existing reference material, printing typologies, and the limitation and potential of analysis to initiate unique economic and social inferences from this data. Printer’s advertising, for example, links the site to other businesses important to Melbourne’s growth. How else - and to what extent - can archaeological analysis of ‘printing’ be useful beyond this? 16
The durability of silcrete and how it affects tool use-life Grace Stephenson-Gordon La Trobe University and Christine Williamson Heritage Consultants Archaeological and ethnographic evidence on tool use in Australia has indicated that unmodified flakes were being transported and used more than retouched tools. Additionally, multiple ethnographic studies have suggested that there was a preference for the unmodified edge for use. On average, less than 5% of artefacts in a Holocene assemblage in Victoria, Australia have been retouched, and less than 1% have enough retouch to be classified a formal tool. So, what happens to the other 95% of unretouched artefacts? How do we distinguish their purpose? Past developments in Australian stone artefact analysis have had a strong bias for understanding retouch and its position in the use-life of a flake. But to understand the purpose and use-life of the unmodified flakes that are abundant in Australian assemblages is considerably more ambiguous. There are studies which have investigated the mechanical properties for a variety of common raw materials. These found that how the chosen material behaves under an applied force influences whether it will be chosen for flake manufacture and the flake’s subsequent durability. The mechanical properties of silcrete determine the use-life and durability for stone artefacts made from this unique raw material. The results of an experimental study of usewear formation on silcrete are discussed in this presentation. These results have significant implications for how we interpret the archaeological record. 17
Aboriginal Stone Sites and Living Spaces along the Victorian Volcanic Plains: A modelling system of incorporated natural resources and ‘Living Spaces’ determining non-nomadic settlements Heather Threadgold MURRI : YUL Consultants and Deakin University Drawn from the authors recently completed PhD thesis ‘Gulidjan Country Stone Sites and Living Spaces’, this paper outlines the explanation and development of a conceptual model of living spaces. The model describes the multifaceted understanding of how stone sites present the initial layering of living spaces. The author has developed a simplified method and model in order to describe living spaces as housing, associated natural resources and industry, knowledge sharing and cultural places based upon extensive fieldwork, Traditional Owner input and anthropological / landscape architectural research. The focus is on relaying the definition of living spaces as a practical understanding of people and space and the notion of semi-permanency and permanency. The model is based on the combination of collective categories of immediate stone sites, then the layering of natural and manipulated landforms waterways and housing. The theory is explained using complex examples located in Wadawurrung Country along the Barwon River called Kardinia Creek and Jerringot living spaces, as recorded by Louis Lane (1984a, 1984b, 1991) and other examples throughout Victoria. The paper discusses parallel Aboriginal and European living spaces, highlighting the effectiveness of the utilisation of traditional Aboriginal living spaces by colonial observations and settlements. Finally, taking examples from the recollections of G A. Robinson’s Journey throughout the 18
Western District (Presland 1977, 1980), a case is offered to deliver an explanation of the formation and extent of living spaces within Western District landscapes incorporating Gulidjan, Wadawurrung, Djab Wurrung and Gundjitmara Countries. Proximity analysis of Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Places and water in the Bunurong Land Council Aboriginal Corporation Registered Aboriginal Party area David Tutchener Bunurong Land Council Aboriginal Corporation This investigation analyses the proximity of water within the cultural landscape of the Bunurong, to Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Places through the use of GIS mapping. Through the use of archaeological methods, this investigation draws on multiple datasets to demonstrate the proximity of recorded archaeological places to the nearest water sources, both fresh and salt. These results are used as a proxy for understanding how Bunurong people utilised their cultural landscape within their everyday lives. The proximity of freshwater sources to known Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Places has been previously calculated within the Melbourne metropolitan region by Canning (2003). Canning (2003) notes that of 1005 Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Places, 79.4% are within 200 metres of a source of freshwater. The current investigation demonstrates that of 3348 Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Places, 37.18% of all places are within 100m, 59.6 % are within 200m, and 76.8% are within 300m of freshwater sources. The 2018 Aboriginal Heritage Regulations (Vic) specifies that an area of ‘cultural heritage sensitivity’ is within 200m of a named waterway [The 19
Regulations 26(1)] and within 200m of the high waterline of the Victorian coastline [The Regulations 31(1)]. Consequently, the results of the current investigation demonstrate that the legislated areas of ‘cultural heritage sensitivity’ in proximity to all water sources need to be increased to at least 300m in order to adequately protect Aboriginal Cultural Heritage Places. George Coghill‘s 1840s Boiling down Works at Tullamarine Gary Vines Biosis Pty Ltd Boiling down excess sheep for tallow saved the Victorian colony from a rural recession in the 1840s and spurred on the development of a range of industries processing primary produce. George Coghill was one of a small number of pastoralists and entrepreneurs who in the 1840s adapted the process pioneered by Henry O'Brien of Yass and Joseph Raleigh on the Saltwater (Maribyrnong) River. The process required a steam boiler and a vat heated by the steam into which cut up carcasses were placed, yards to hold the livestock and a slaughter-yard to dispatch them. all these elements are present on a site near Bulla in Victoria. this might be the only example of archaeological evidence a works of this sort in Australia. This presentation gives a brief summary of preliminary archaeological excavation of the site. 20
Learning Archaeology Online: student perspectives on the most effective activities and resources delivered remotely Ian Walkeden1, Maddison Crombie1, Marcel Teschendorff2,3, Timothy McLean1, Melita Rajkumar2, Elisa Scorsini4, Iona Claringbold4, Lucinda O'Riley1, Rebekah Kurpiel1 1 La Trobe University 2 University of Western Australia 3 Flinders University 4 Australian National University Archaeology is in many ways a hands-on and materials-based discipline, which presents specific challenges for online teaching and learning. Online and ‘blended’ teaching modes have been available to archaeology students for some time but, in 2020, many institutions were required to convert additional content to online delivery to reduce COVID-19 transmission in our communities. Enormous efforts were made by university teaching staff to swiftly accommodate these changes. This paper presents student perspectives on learning archaeology online in 2020 and beyond. It outlines the obstacles associated with learning archaeology online, shares student feedback on the pros and cons of undertaking different types of online activities and considers the role that online learning may be able to play in the longer term. The differences between in-person and online learning are pedagogical as well as practical. We hope that sharing student experiences will help elucidate what makes certain activities and resources effective for learning archaeology online, and that this information can be used to inform future online resource development. 21
A Survey of the Soda Water Industry in Regional Victoria 1841 – 1862 Cora Wolswinkel La Trobe University Little research has been done on the soda water industry and its bottles to date. This is more notable in Australia, where historical archaeologists rely heavily on the past research of bottle collectors for soda water bottle identification. This study aims to address the shortfall of archaeological research on this topic. The National Library of Australia’s Trove database of old newspapers was used to carry out a survey of the soda water industry in regional Victoria, for the period 1841-1862. The results show this industry was one of the first to become established in new settlements. The survey identified 120 regional soda water manufacturers for the study period, in coastal, goldfields and ‘stopping point’ towns and communities. Manufacturers could establish themselves quickly because machinery and supplies were commonly shipped on consignment to Victoria. Their fizzy drinks were more desirable in the warmer months, particularly in the goldfields, where drinking water was often a health hazard. It was found that manufacturers generally supplied the trade: hotels, shops and eateries. The product distribution range appeared to be limited to a day trip for a horse and delivery cart, which was approximately 20 kilometres. Therefore, even though less than five per cent of the manufacturers identified used branded bottles, bottles found from this period were likely to have been last filled locally. 22
Merchant advertisements were used with shipping information to identify the few aerated water and ginger beer bottle forms that existed at the time and their ports of origin. All those that could be traced were made in Britain. The high cost of bottles meant repeated reuse was necessary for a profit to be made, but bottle losses were evidently common. The range of information found in this study sheds light on the soda water industry for archaeologists, facilitating a greater understanding of it. This thesis provides the background for recognising patterns of the soda water industry in the archaeological record. 23
The Colloquium organisers would like to thank all of the
participants, attendees and sponsors who have contributed to
another successful event. This year, as we meet online, we are
nevertheless invited by our presenters to visit new places,
handle objects, and consider cultural heritage from a different
perspective. At our tenth anniversary, the ongoing
participation by Aboriginal community representatives,
students, academic researchers, heritage managers and
heritage advisers continues to make this a meaningful
opportunity for the exchange of information and an
opportunity for all of us to broaden our understanding of the
archaeology and cultural heritage of this state.
We would particularly like to pay respect to the Indigenous
perspectives that enrich our knowledge of the past, and thank
the Wurundjeri Woi wurrung people for welcoming us onto
their Country.
We are grateful to the Colloquium’s major sponsors ACHM,
ArchLink, Biosis, Christine Williamson Heritage Consultants, Dr
Vincent Clark & Associates and Ochre Imprints; sponsors
Extent Heritage, for their generous contributions towards
hosting this event.
David Frankel, Susan Lawrence, Elizabeth Foley, Deborah
Kelly and Caroline Spry
La Trobe University
February 2021
www.victorianarchaeologycolloquium.com
Catering by 12 Ovens (www.12ovens.com.au)
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