NEXT GENERATION FIREWALL COMPARATIVE REPORT - Fortinet

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NEXT GENERATION FIREWALL COMPARATIVE REPORT
Performance

JULY 17, 2018
Author – Thomas Skybakmoen

Tested Products
Barracuda Networks CloudGen Firewall F800.CCE v7.2.0
Check Point 15600 Next Generation Threat Prevention (NGTP) Appliance vR80.20
Cisco Firepower 4120 Security Appliance v6.2.2
Forcepoint NGFW 2105 Appliance v6.3.3 build 19153 (Update Package: 1056)
Fortinet FortiGate 500E V5.6.3GA build 7858
Palo Alto Networks PA-5220 PAN-OS 8.1.1
SonicWall NSa 2650 SonicOS Enhanced 6.5.0.10-73n
Sophos XG Firewall 750 SFOS v17 MR7
Versa Networks FlexVNF 16.1R1-S6
WatchGuard M670 v12.0.1.B562953

Environment
NSS Labs Next Generation Firewall Test Methodology v8.0

NSS Labs SSL/TLS Performance Test Methodology v1.3

NSS Labs Evasions Test Methodology v1.1

                         This report is Confidential and is expressly limited to NSS Labs’ licensed users.
NSS Labs                                                                                   Next Generation Firewall Comparative Report – Performance_071718

Overview
Implementation of next generation firewall (NGFW) devices can be a complex process, with multiple factors
affecting the overall performance of the device.
The following factors should be considered over the course of the useful life of the NGFW:

●                       Where will it be deployed and managed?
●                       What is the throughput for the target environment?
●                       What is the predominant traffic mix?
●                       Concurrency and connection rates
●                       What security policy is applied?

There is frequently a trade-off between security effectiveness and performance. Because of this trade-off, it is
important to judge a product’s security effectiveness within the context of its performance and vice versa. This
ensures that new security protections do not adversely impact performance and that security shortcuts are not
taken to maintain or improve performance.
Sizing considerations are critical, as vendor performance claims (where protection typically is not enabled) can vary
significantly from actual performance (where protection is enabled). Figure 1 depicts NSS-Tested Throughput and
Maximum TCP Connections per Second. NSS-tested throughput is calculated as a weighted average of the traffic
that NSS Labs expects an NGFW to experience in an enterprise environment. For more details, please see the
Scorecard section in the individual test reports.
                                           200,000
                                                                                                                                                  Sophos
                                                                                                                                        Cisco
                                           180,000

                                           160,000
      Maximum TCP Connections per Second

                                           140,000                                                                         Barracuda Networks
                                                                                                     Versa Networks

                                           120,000

                                           100,000                                                                                                                             Forcepoint
                                                                                                                                                                 Fortinet

                                            80,000

                                            60,000                                                                                         Check Point
                                                                                                                                                                               Palo Alto Networks
                                            40,000
                                                                     WatchGuard
                                            20,000       SonicWall

                                                0
                                                     0    1,000              2,000          3,000               4,000           5,000                    6,000         7,000             8,000
                                                                                            NSS-Tested Throughput (Mbps)

                                                                                  Figure 1 – Throughput and Connection Rates

Maximum TCP connections per second (CPS) increases toward the top of the y axis. NSS-Tested Throughput (Mbps)
increases toward the right side of the x axis. Products with low connection/throughput ratios run the risk of
exhausting connection tables before they reach their maximum potential throughputs.

                                                             This report is Confidential and is expressly limited to NSS Labs’ licensed users.                                                   2
NSS Labs                                                                             Next Generation Firewall Comparative Report – Performance_071718

                       0            20,000            40,000            60,000         80,000        100,000          120,000        140,000   160,000   180,000        200,000

 Barracuda Networks                                                                                                                 131,500
                                             22,980
        Check Point                                            46,000
                                   11,960
               Cisco                                                                                                                                     172,800
                                                                             61,760
         Forcepoint                                                                                90,500
                                                               45,320
            Fortinet                                                                            85,000
                                                                                  69,790
  Palo Alto Networks                                     38,500
                                                                  51,000
          SonicWall           10,010
                              9,971
             Sophos                                                                                                                                           181,000
                              9,200
     Versa Networks                                                                                                             124,900
                                                28,500
        WatchGuard                  13,500
                           4,404
                                                       Maximum TCP Connections per Second                Maximum HTTP Connections per Second

                                                                          Figure 2 – Connection Dynamics

Performance is not just about raw throughput. Connection dynamics are also important and will often provide an
indication of an inspection engine’s effectiveness. If devices with high throughput capabilities cannot set up and
tear down TCP or application-layer connections quickly enough, their maximum throughput figures can rarely be
realized in a real-world deployment.

Furthermore, if bypass mode is enabled, the NGFW engine could be allowing uninspected traffic to enter the
network once system resources are exhausted, and administrators would never be informed of threats in
subsequent sessions.

                                       This report is Confidential and is expressly limited to NSS Labs’ licensed users.                                                          3
NSS Labs                                                       Next Generation Firewall Comparative Report – Performance_071718

Table of Contents
Tested Products ..................................................................................................................... 1
Environment ......................................................................................................................... 1
Overview............................................................................................................................... 2
Analysis ................................................................................................................................. 6
   UDP Throughput and Latency............................................................................................................... 6
   Maximum Capacity .............................................................................................................................. 8
   HTTP Capacity .................................................................................................................................... 10
     Application Average Response Time at 90% Maximum Capacity ..................................................... 13
   HTTP Capacity with HTTP Persistent Connections ............................................................................... 13

SSL/TLS Performance ........................................................................................................... 15
   Single Application Flows..................................................................................................................... 15

Test Methodology ............................................................................................................... 20
Contact Information ............................................................................................................ 20

                               This report is Confidential and is expressly limited to NSS Labs’ licensed users.                                      4
NSS Labs                                                             Next Generation Firewall Comparative Report – Performance_071718

Table of Figures
Figure 1 – Throughput and Connection Rates ............................................................................................................... 2
Figure 2 – Connection Dynamics ................................................................................................................................... 3
Figure 3 – Vendor-Claimed Throughput vs. NSS-Tested Throughput (Mbps) ............................................................... 6
Figure 4 – UDP Throughput by Packet Size (Mbps) ....................................................................................................... 7
Figure 5 – UDP Throughput by Packet Size (Mbps) ....................................................................................................... 7
Figure 6 – UDP Latency by Packet Size (Microseconds [μs]) ......................................................................................... 8
Figure 7 – Concurrency and Connection Rates (I).......................................................................................................... 9
Figure 8 – Concurrency and Connection Rates (II)....................................................................................................... 10
Figure 9 – Maximum Throughput per Device with 44 KB Response (Mbps) ............................................................... 11
Figure 10 – Maximum Throughput per Device with 21 KB Response (Mbps) ............................................................. 11
Figure 11 – Maximum Throughput per Device with 10 KB Response (Mbps) ............................................................. 11
Figure 12 – Maximum Throughput per Device with 4.5 KB Response (Mbps) ............................................................ 12
Figure 13 – Maximum Throughput per Device with 1.7 KB Response (Mbps) ............................................................ 12
Figure 14 – Maximum Connection Rates per Device with Various Response Sizes..................................................... 12
Figure 15 – Application Latency (Milliseconds) per Device with Various Response Sizes ........................................... 13
Figure 16 – HTTP 250 Capacity with HTTP Persistent Connections (CPS) .................................................................... 13
Figure 17 – HTTP 500 Capacity with HTTP Persistent Connections (CPS) .................................................................... 14
Figure 18 – HTTP 1000 Capacity with HTTP Persistent Connections (CPS) .................................................................. 14
Figure 19 –Single Application Flow: Telephony (Mbps)............................................................................................... 15
Figure 20 –Single Application Flow: Financial (Mbps) ................................................................................................. 15
Figure 21 –Single Application Flow: Email (Mbps) ....................................................................................................... 16
Figure 22 –Single Application Flow: File Sharing (Mbps) ............................................................................................. 16
Figure 23 –Single Application Flow: File Server (Mbps)............................................................................................... 17
Figure 24 –Single Application Flow: Remote Console (Mbps) ..................................................................................... 17
Figure 25 –Single Application Flow: Video (Mbps) ...................................................................................................... 18
Figure 26 –Single Application Flow: Meeting (Mbps) .................................................................................................. 18
Figure 27 –Single Application Flow: Database (Mbps) ................................................................................................ 19

                                  This report is Confidential and is expressly limited to NSS Labs’ licensed users.                                               5
NSS Labs                                                               Next Generation Firewall Comparative Report – Performance_071718

Analysis
NSS research indicates that NGFWs are typically deployed to protect users rather than data center assets and that
the majority of enterprises will not separately tune intrusion prevention system (IPS) modules within their NGFWs.
Therefore, during NSS testing, NGFW products are configured with the vendor’s pre-defined or recommended (i.e.,
“out-of-the-box”) settings in order to provide readers with relevant security effectiveness and performance
dimensions based on their expected usage.

    Barracuda Networks                                    5,037
                                                                                7,700
           Check Point                                        5,599
                                                           5,200
                  Cisco                                     5,291
                                                                                                                            15,000
            Forcepoint                                                          7,654
                                                                               7,500
               Fortinet                                                   6,753
                                                           5,200
     Palo Alto Networks                                                          7,888
                                                                                         9,000
             SonicWall        1,028
                                 1,400
                Sophos                                            5,844
                                                                                                         11,800
        Versa Networks                            3,661
                                                                                                                                                    20,000
           WatchGuard            1,589
                                         2,400

                          0     2,000            4,000       6,000            8,000        10,000     12,000       14,000     16,000   18,000   20,000

                                                  NSS-Tested Throughput (Mbps)           Vendor-Claimed Throughput (Mbps)

                                Figure 3 – Vendor-Claimed Throughput vs. NSS-Tested Throughput (Mbps)

Figure 3 depicts the difference between NSS-Tested Throughput 1 and vendor performance claims as vendor tests
are often performed under ideal or unrealistic conditions. Where vendor marketing materials list throughput
claims for both TCP (protection-enabled numbers) and UDP (large packet sizes), NSS selects the TCP claims, which
are more realistic. Therefore, NSS-Tested Throughput typically is lower than vendor-claimed throughput—and
often significantly so, since it more closely represents how devices will perform in real-world deployments.

UDP Throughput and Latency
This test uses UDP packets of varying sizes generated by test equipment. A constant stream of the appropriate
packet size along with variable source and destination IP addresses is transmitted bidirectionally through each port
pair of the device.

Each packet contains dummy data and is targeted at a valid port on a valid IP address on the target subnet. The
percentage load and frames per second (fps) figures across each inline port pair are verified by network monitoring
tools before each test begins. Multiple tests are run and averages are taken where necessary.

This traffic does not attempt to simulate any “real-world” network condition. The aim of the test is to determine
the raw packet processing capability of each inline port pair of the device as well as the device’s effectiveness at

1NSS-Tested Throughput is calculated as a weighted average of the traffic that NSS expects an NGFW to experience in an enterprise
environment. For more details, please see the Scorecard section in the individual test reports.

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NSS Labs                                                                    Next Generation Firewall Comparative Report – Performance_071718

forwarding packets quickly, in order to provide the highest level of network performance with the least amount of
latency. Figure 4 and Figure 5 depict the maximum UDP throughput (in megabits per second) achieved by each
device using different packet sizes.
 20,000

 18,000

 16,000

 14,000

 12,000

 10,000

  8,000

  6,000

  4,000

  2,000

     0
             64 Byte Packets          128 Byte Packets                  256 Byte Packets         512 Byte Packets             1024 Byte Packets       1514 Byte Packets

                               Barracuda Networks         Check Point               Cisco                Forcepoint               Fortinet
                               Palo Alto Networks         SonicWall                 Sophos               Versa Networks           WatchGuard

                                                    Figure 4 – UDP Throughput by Packet Size (Mbps)

The ability to provide the highest level of network performance with the least amount of latency has long been
considered a minimum requirement for legacy firewalls, but it has often caused significant problems for NGFW
(and IPS) devices because of the deep inspection they are expected to perform.

                                                                                                 Throughput (Mbps)
 Vendor
                                              64-Byte                   128-Byte             256-Byte               512-Byte            1024-Byte         1514-Byte
                                              Packets                    Packets              Packets                Packets             Packets           Packets
 Barracuda Networks                             1,638                    2,688                4,337                   6,131                  8,030            8,979

 Check Point                                    1,141                    1,749                2,649                   3,787                  4,641            7,723

 Cisco                                          1,341                    2,041                3,238                   4,783                  7,230            8,679

 Forcepoint                                     2,638                    3,836                5,735                   8,430                  11,470          14,120

 Fortinet                                      20,000                   20,000               20,000                   20,000                 20,000          20,000

 Palo Alto Networks                            17,610                   18,260               18,660                   18,910                 20,000          20,000

 SonicWall                                          151                    259                 486                     944                   1,816            2,757

 Sophos                                         2,261                    3,829                7,705                   13,180                 16,670          16,750

 Versa Networks                                 2,038                    3,486                6,132                   11,170                 20,000          20,000

 WatchGuard                                         740                  1,440                2,637                   4,882                  9,027           12,920

                                                    Figure 5 – UDP Throughput by Packet Size (Mbps)

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NSS Labs                                              Next Generation Firewall Comparative Report – Performance_071718

Inline security devices that introduce high levels of latency lead to unacceptable response times for users,
particularly where multiple security devices are placed in the data path. Figure 6 depicts the latency (in
microseconds) as recorded during the UDP throughput tests at 90% of maximum load. Lower values are preferred.

                                                                                    Latency (μs)
    Vendor
                                        64-Byte          128-Byte           256-Byte           512-Byte       1024-Byte   1514-Byte
                                        Packets           Packets            Packets            Packets        Packets     Packets
    Barracuda Networks                    76.26            79.07              80.37              98.33         77.67       99.99

    Check Point                           23.00            26.00              40.00              44.00         36.00       82.00

    Cisco                                 94.72           108.55              94.51              92.73         107.96      111.89

    Forcepoint                            72.01            69.18              80.79             101.29         117.18      177.28

    Fortinet                              6.84              6.88               7.16               7.54          8.92       10.04

    Palo Alto Networks                    13.00            14.00              14.00              15.00         19.00       20.00

    SonicWall                             18.68            26.84              21.96              26.52         33.46       42.65

    Sophos                               162.11           166.43             175.19             174.71         163.00      145.50

    Versa Networks                        75.56            77.10              80.19              83.94         113.10      123.73

    WatchGuard                            44.88            83.65              86.96             106.71         125.71      123.52

                                  Figure 6 – UDP Latency by Packet Size (Microseconds [μs])

Maximum Capacity
The use of traffic generation appliances allows NSS engineers to create “real-world” traffic at multi-Gigabit speeds
as a background load for the tests. The aim of these tests is to stress the inspection engine and determine how it
copes with high volumes of TCP connections per second, application-layer transactions per second, and concurrent
open connections. All packets contain valid payload and address data and these tests provide an excellent
representation of a live network at various connection/transaction rates.
Note that in all tests the following critical “breaking points”—where the final measurements are taken—are used:

•      Excessive concurrent TCP connections – Latency within the NGFW is causing an unacceptable increase in open
       connections.
•      Excessive concurrent HTTP connections – Latency within the NGFW is causing excessive delays and increased
       response time.
•      Unsuccessful HTTP transactions – Normally, there should be zero unsuccessful transactions. Once these
       appear, it is an indication that excessive latency within the NGFW is causing connections to time out.
Figure 7 depicts the results from the connection dynamics tests.

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NSS Labs                                               Next Generation Firewall Comparative Report – Performance_071718

                                    Maximum                                                                    Maximum
                                                                Maximum               Maximum
 Vendor                           Concurrent TCP                                                            HTTP Transactions
                                                                 TCP CPS              HTTP CPS
                                   Connections                                                                 per Second

 Barracuda Networks                  2,374,976                    131,500               22,980                   33,700

 Check Point                         5,890,170                    46,000                11,960                  119,500

 Cisco                               14,205,332                   172,800               61,760                  553,400

 Forcepoint                          30,000,000                   90,500                45,320                  100,300

 Fortinet                            3,000,000                    85,000                69,790                  170,500

 Palo Alto Networks                  2,639,904                    38,500                51,000                   71,990

 SonicWall                             250,000                    10,010                 9,971                   34,060

 Sophos                              10,485,744                   181,000                9,200                   24,720

 Versa Networks                        999,999                    124,900               28,500                   36,410

 WatchGuard                            327,341                    13,500                 4,404                   6,808

                                      Figure 7 – Concurrency and Connection Rates (I)

In addition to overall throughput, connection dynamics also play an important role in sizing a security device that
will not unduly impede the performance of a system or an application. By measuring maximum connection and
transaction rates, a device can be sized more accurately than by simply examining throughput. Once a device’s
maximum CPS is known, it is possible to predict its maximum throughput based on the traffic mix in a given
enterprise environment. For example, if the device’s maximum HTTP CPS is 2,000, and average traffic size is 44 KB
such that 2,500 CPS = 1 Gbps, then the tested device will achieve a maximum of 800 Mbps (i.e., (2,000/2,500) x
1,000 Mbps = 800 Mbps).

Maximum concurrent TCP connections and maximum TCP CPS rates are also useful when attempting to size a
device accurately. Products with low connection/throughput ratios run the risk of exhausting connections before
they reach their maximum potential throughput. By determining the maximum CPS, it is possible to predict when a
device will fail in a given enterprise environment.

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NSS Labs                                                                         Next Generation Firewall Comparative Report – Performance_071718

                                     250,000

                                     200,000
                                                                                                                             Sophos
Maximum TCP Connections per Second

                                                                                                                                      Cisco

                                     150,000
                                                                                        Barracuda Networks
                                                                       Versa Networks

                                     100,000                                                                                                  Forcepoint
                                                                                                  Fortinet

                                                                                                               Check Point
                                      50,000                                              Palo Alto Networks

                                                    WatchGuard                                SonicWall

                                          0
                                          100,000                        1,000,000                                       10,000,000                        100,000,000
                                                                               Maximum Concurrent / Simultaneous TCP Connections

                                                                    Figure 8 – Concurrency and Connection Rates (II)

The rate of maximum TCP CPS increases toward the top of the y axis. The rate of concurrent/simultaneous
connections increases toward the right side of the x axis.

HTTP Capacity
The aim of the HTTP capacity tests is to stress the HTTP detection engine and determine how the device copes with
network loads of varying average packet size and varying connections per second. By creating multiple tests using
genuine session-based traffic with varying session lengths, the device is forced to track valid HTTP sessions, thus
ensuring a higher workload than for simple packet-based background traffic.
This provides a test environment that is as close to real-world conditions as possible, while ensuring absolute
accuracy and repeatability.
Each transaction consists of a single HTTP GET request. All packets contain valid payload (a mix of binary and ASCII
objects) and address data. This test provides an excellent representation of a live network (albeit one biased
toward HTTP traffic) at various network loads.

Figure 9 through Figure 13 depict the maximum throughput achieved across a range of different HTTP response
sizes that may be encountered in a typical corporate network.

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NSS Labs                                                                        Next Generation Firewall Comparative Report – Performance_071718

                       0        1,000               2,000              3,000      4,000          5,000       6,000               7,000    8,000              9,000       10,000

Barracuda Networks                                                                            4,508

       Check Point                                                                                                                                                             10,000

              Cisco                                                                                                                                                            10,000

        Forcepoint                                                                                                                                                             10,000

           Fortinet                                                                                                                       7,716

 Palo Alto Networks                                                                                                                                                            10,000

         SonicWall                    992

            Sophos                                              2,398

    Versa Networks                                           2,135

       WatchGuard                800

                                     Figure 9 – Maximum Throughput per Device with 44 KB Response (Mbps)

                       0         1,000               2,000              3,000     4,000          5,000       6,000               7,000    8,000              9,000       10,000

Barracuda Networks                                                   2,498

        Check Point                                                                                                                                                    9,498

              Cisco                                                                                                                                                            10,000

         Forcepoint                                                                                                                                 8,200

            Fortinet                                                                                             5,820

 Palo Alto Networks                                                                                                                                         8,632

          SonicWall              785

            Sophos                                   1,720

    Versa Networks                               1,433

       WatchGuard              570

                                 Figure 10 – Maximum Throughput per Device with 21 KB Response (Mbps)

                           0                1,000                     2,000           3,000              4,000                    5,000             6,000                7,000

 Barracuda Networks                                          1,480

         Check Point                                                                                                                                           6,280

               Cisco                                                                                                                      5,420

          Forcepoint                                                                                                                        5,531

            Fortinet                                                                                                 4,293

  Palo Alto Networks                                                                                                     4,467

           SonicWall                 570

             Sophos                        780

     Versa Networks                               1,050

        WatchGuard             370

                                 Figure 11 – Maximum Throughput per Device with 10 KB Response (Mbps)

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NSS Labs                                                                   Next Generation Firewall Comparative Report – Performance_071718

                        0                500               1,000                    1,500        2,000               2,500                  3,000                   3,500

  Barracuda Networks                                           947

          Check Point                                                                                                2,380

                Cisco                                                                                                                    2,803

           Forcepoint                                                                                                                                       3,187

             Fortinet                                                                                                        2,560

   Palo Alto Networks                                                                                                                    2,829

            SonicWall               352

              Sophos                       491

      Versa Networks                                     828

         WatchGuard         182

                              Figure 12 – Maximum Throughput per Device with 4.5 KB Response (Mbps)

                        0          200             400                600              800     1,000         1,200               1,400              1,600           1,800

  Barracuda Networks                                                 539

         Check Point                                                                                                     1,280

                Cisco                                                                                                                      1,465

          Forcepoint                                                                                                                                     1,609

             Fortinet                                                                                                                            1,508

   Palo Alto Networks                                                                                         1,173

            SonicWall                200

              Sophos                       249

      Versa Networks                                                  560

         WatchGuard          110

                              Figure 13 – Maximum Throughput per Device with 1.7 KB Response (Mbps)

Figure 14 depicts the maximum application layer connection rates (HTTP connections per second) achieved with
different HTTP response sizes (from 44 KB down to 1.7 KB).

                                        44 KB                           21 KB                   10 KB                    4.5 KB                             1.7 KB
 Vendor
                                     Response Size                   Response Size           Response Size            Response Size                      Response Size
 Barracuda Networks                         11,270                          12,490              14,800                       18,940                          21,540

 Check Point                                25,000                          47,491              62,800                       47,600                          51,200

 Cisco                                      25,000                          50,000              54,200                       56,060                          58,600

 Forcepoint                                 25,000                          41,000              55,310                       63,730                          64,340

 Fortinet                                   19,290                          29,100              42,930                       51,200                          60,310

 Palo Alto Networks                         25,000                          43,160              44,670                       56,570                          46,900

 SonicWall                                     2,480                        3,926               5,697                        7,041                            8,001

 Sophos                                        5,994                        8,600               7,800                        9,819                            9,972

 Versa Networks                                5,338                        7,164               10,500                       16,550                          22,400

 WatchGuard                                    2,000                        2,850               3,700                        3,647                            4,383

                            Figure 14 – Maximum Connection Rates per Device with Various Response Sizes

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NSS Labs                                                    Next Generation Firewall Comparative Report – Performance_071718

Application Average Response Time at 90% Maximum Capacity
Figure 15 depicts the average application response time (application latency, measured in milliseconds) for
different packet sizes (ranging from 44 KB down to 1.7 KB), recorded at 90% of the measured maximum capacity
(throughput). A lower value indicates an improved application response time.

                                   44 KB                   21 KB                   10 KB                   4.5 KB      1.7 KB Latency
 Vendor
                                Latency (ms)            Latency (ms)            Latency (ms)            Latency (ms)        (ms)
 Barracuda Networks                  2.75                    2.08                   1.44                     1.12          0.96
 Check Point                         2.30                    2.10                   2.00                     1.80          2.00
 Cisco                               1.60                    1.67                   1.24                     1.14          1.07
 Forcepoint                          2.69                    2.48                   1.95                     1.32          1.00
 Fortinet                            2.35                    1.54                   1.19                     0.79          0.74
 Palo Alto Networks                  1.50                    1.30                   1.08                     2.00          0.90
 SonicWall                           1.26                    1.20                   1.06                     0.85          5.64
 Sophos                              22.55                  19.60                   19.77                   16.13          17.99
 Versa Networks                      7.96                    6.00                   4.85                     3.21          2.63
 WatchGuard                          1.73                    3.04                   2.50                     1.12          0.61

                       Figure 15 – Application Latency (Milliseconds) per Device with Various Response Sizes

HTTP Capacity with HTTP Persistent Connections
This test uses HTTP persistent connections with each TCP connection containing 10 HTTP GETs and associated
responses. All packets contain valid payload (a mix of binary and ASCII objects) and address data, and this test
provides an excellent representation of a live network at various network loads. The stated response size is the
total of all HTTP responses within a single TCP session.

 Barracuda Networks                                                                                                             2,336

         Check Point                                                                                                            2,336

               Cisco                                                                                                            2,336

          Forcepoint                                                                                                            2,336

            Fortinet                                                                                                            2,336

  Palo Alto Networks                                                    1,035

           SonicWall               273

             Sophos                                   660

     Versa Networks                             560

         WatchGuard          186

                              Figure 16 – HTTP 250 Capacity with HTTP Persistent Connections (CPS)

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NSS Labs                                                Next Generation Firewall Comparative Report – Performance_071718

Barracuda Networks                                                                                              4,214

       Check Point                                                                                                      4,416

              Cisco                                                                                                         4,586

        Forcepoint                                                                                                          4,586

           Fortinet                                                                                     3,468

 Palo Alto Networks                                           1,870

         SonicWall            541

            Sophos                 619

    Versa Networks                       770

       WatchGuard           468

                            Figure 17 – HTTP 500 Capacity with HTTP Persistent Connections (CPS)

Barracuda Networks                                                                                      6,929

       Check Point                                                                                                          9,178

              Cisco                                                                                              8,561

        Forcepoint                                                                              6,440

           Fortinet                                                                         6,140

 Palo Alto Networks                                   3,140

         SonicWall           929

            Sophos           940

    Versa Networks             1,143

       WatchGuard     540

                        Figure 18 – HTTP 1000 Capacity with HTTP Persistent Connections (CPS)

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NSS Labs                                                               Next Generation Firewall Comparative Report – Performance_071718

SSL/TLS Performance
Use of the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) protocol and its newer iteration, Transport Layer Security (TLS), has risen in
accordance with the increasing need for privacy online. Modern cybercampaigns frequently focus on attacking
users through the most common web protocols and applications. NSS continues to receive inquiries from
enterprise customers during their assessments of vendors that provide SSL/TLS decryption and protection
technologies. For details on SSL performance, please see the SSL Performance Test Report for each device.

Single Application Flows
This test measures the performance of the device with single application flows. For details about single application
flow testing, see the NSS Labs Next Generation Firewall Test Methodology, available at www.nsslabs.com.

 Barracuda Networks                                             3,514

         Check Point                                            3,460

               Cisco                                                         4,645

         Forcepoint                                                                                  6,861

            Fortinet                                                                 5,506

  Palo Alto Networks                                                                                                        10,000

          SonicWall       462

             Sophos                                                                          6,149

     Versa Networks                                      3,071

        WatchGuard                              2,192

                                             Figure 19 –Single Application Flow: Telephony (Mbps)

  Barracuda Networks                        1,737

         Check Point                1,253

                Cisco                                   3,022

          Forcepoint                                    2,959

             Fortinet                          2,036

   Palo Alto Networks                                                                                               9,376

           SonicWall    207

              Sophos                                                                                                        10,000

      Versa Networks                   1,565

         WatchGuard     127

                                              Figure 20 –Single Application Flow: Financial (Mbps)

                                This report is Confidential and is expressly limited to NSS Labs’ licensed users.                          15
NSS Labs                                                  Next Generation Firewall Comparative Report – Performance_071718

Barracuda Networks                                                    3,897

        Check Point                           2,191

              Cisco                                                                                                 7,693

         Forcepoint                                                                                 6,233

           Fortinet                                   2,749

 Palo Alto Networks                                       3,002

          SonicWall   619

            Sophos                                            3,351

    Versa Networks                  1,263

       WatchGuard     555

                                        Figure 21 –Single Application Flow: Email (Mbps)

Barracuda Networks                                                                                        8,803

       Check Point                                                                                                10,000

              Cisco                                   3,746

        Forcepoint                                                                                                10,000

           Fortinet                                           4,430

 Palo Alto Networks                               3,425

         SonicWall                  1,829

            Sophos                                                                                                10,000

    Versa Networks                                                              6,369

       WatchGuard           1,129

                                     Figure 22 –Single Application Flow: File Sharing (Mbps)

                      This report is Confidential and is expressly limited to NSS Labs’ licensed users.                      16
NSS Labs                                                            Next Generation Firewall Comparative Report – Performance_071718

Barracuda Networks                                  1,382

         Check Point                                            1,817

                Cisco                                                                                                               5,670

          Forcepoint                                                                                  3,676

             Fortinet                                                   2,065

 Palo Alto Networks                                         1,650

           SonicWall     219

             Sophos                                                                                                 4,315

    Versa Networks                517

        WatchGuard      133

                                           Figure 23 –Single Application Flow: File Server (Mbps)

Barracuda Networks                                      1,361

       Check Point                                                          1,886

              Cisco                                                                 2,195

        Forcepoint                                                                            2,525

           Fortinet                                                                         2,453

 Palo Alto Networks                                                 1,684

         SonicWall      204

            Sophos                                                                                                          4,389

    Versa Networks                            978

       WatchGuard         308

                                        Figure 24 –Single Application Flow: Remote Console (Mbps)

                                This report is Confidential and is expressly limited to NSS Labs’ licensed users.                       17
NSS Labs                                                    Next Generation Firewall Comparative Report – Performance_071718

Barracuda Networks                                                                                                            10,000

        Check Point                                                                                7,022

               Cisco            1,228

         Forcepoint                                                                                                           10,000

            Fortinet                                                                                               9,124

 Palo Alto Networks                                                                                                           10,000

          SonicWall                     2,000

             Sophos                                                                                                           10,000

    Versa Networks                              2,674

       WatchGuard        778

                                           Figure 25 –Single Application Flow: Video (Mbps)

Barracuda Networks                                                      2,563

       Check Point                                                                                         3,834

              Cisco                     1,106

        Forcepoint                                                                    3,220

           Fortinet                                                                3,088

 Palo Alto Networks                                                                        3,296

         SonicWall     384

            Sophos                                                                                                         4,856

    Versa Networks                                 1,563

       WatchGuard      376

                                         Figure 26 –Single Application Flow: Meeting (Mbps)

                             This report is Confidential and is expressly limited to NSS Labs’ licensed users.                         18
NSS Labs                                              Next Generation Firewall Comparative Report – Performance_071718

Barracuda Networks                                                                                         10,000

       Check Point                                                                  6,925

              Cisco                                                                                        10,000

        Forcepoint                                                                                         10,000

           Fortinet                                                                  6,958

 Palo Alto Networks                                     4,309

         SonicWall            1,606

            Sophos                                                                                         10,000

    Versa Networks                                                                                 8,245

       WatchGuard     1,171

                                      Figure 27 –Single Application Flow: Database (Mbps)

                      This report is Confidential and is expressly limited to NSS Labs’ licensed users.                  19
NSS Labs                                                   Next Generation Firewall Comparative Report – Performance_071718

Test Methodology
NSS Labs Next Generation Firewall Test Methodology v8.0
NSS Labs SSL/TLS Performance Test Methodology v1.3
NSS Labs Evasions Test Methodology v1.1

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