Mayor's Air Quality Fund Completion Report - ROUND 2 - London Gov
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1 Mayor’s Air Quality Fund Completion Report RO U N D 2
M AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T Copyright Greater London Authority November 2019 Published by Greater London Authority City Hall The Queen’s Walk More London London SE1 2AA london.gov.uk enquiries 020 7983 4100 minicom 020 7983 4458 Copies of this report are available from london.gov.uk All images are © copyright Cover image: Kasia Molga, Human Sensor LDN at Under Her Eye 2018 © Photo credit Angela Dennis, courtesy of Invisible Dust
3 Mayor’s Air Quality Fund Completion Report RO U N D 2
M AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T
ContentsNeighbourhoods
1. Introduction 7
2. S
ummary and cumulative impacts 10
3. Low Emission Neighbourhoods 12
(LENs) and Business Low Emission
Neighbourhoods (BLENs)
3.1 Barbican LEN (City of London) 13
3.2 City Fringe LEN (Hackney, Islington and 14
Tower Hamlets)
3.3 Greenwich Town Centre LEN (Greenwich) 16
3.4 Ilford Garden Junction LEN (Redbridge) 17
3.5 Marylebone LEN (City of Westminster) 18
3.6 Archway Village BLEN (Islington Council and 19
the Archway Business Group)
3.7 Borough High Street BLEN (Better Bankside 20
and Team London Bridge BIDs)
3.8 Euston BLEN (Euston Town BID) 22
3.9 Hammersmith BLEN (Hammersmith Council 22
and Hammersmith BID)
3.10 Homerton BLEN (Hackney Council) 23
3.11 Northbank BLEN (Northbank BID) 24
4 . Other Air Quality Projects 26
4.1 Archway Zero Emission Network (Islington) 27
4.2 Electric Vehicle Charge Point Trial And Beat 29
The Streets (Hounslow)
4.3 Clean Air Better Business (Cross River Partnership) 30
4.4 Evelyn Street Construction Logistics Plan 32
Framework (Lewisham)
4.5 Freight Consolidation Service (Camden 33
lead borough)
5 4.6 Zero Emission Deliveries – Zed 33 Deliveries (Waltham Forest) 4.7 Hackney Fleet Project (Hackney) 35 4.8 Hammersmith Grove Scheme 35 (Hammersmith & Fulham) 4.9 Haringey No 2 No2 Programme (Haringey) 37 4.10 Idling Action (City of London lead borough) 37 4.11 The London Low Emission Construction 38 Partnership (Camden lead borough) 4.12 Non-Road Mobile Machinery (NRMM) – 41 South London (Merton lead borough) 4.13 Non-Road Mobile Machinery (NRMM) – 41 North London (Barnet lead borough) 4.14 Putney High Street Air Quality Scheme 43 (Wandsworth) 4.15 Redbridge Schools Air Action Programme 44 (Redbridge) 4.16 Shoreditch Zero Emissions Network (Hackney 44 lead borough) 4.17 South London Low Emission Logistics study 46 (Lambeth lead borough) 4.18 Specification for use of standby generators 47 (City of London and City of Westminster) 4.19 Sutton Town Centre Permeability and Access 48 Improvements (Sutton) 5. Conclusion and Next Steps 49
M AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T
7
Introduction
The Mayor is committed to cleaning therefore have a vital role in making
up London’s air. He has nearly doubled local improvements to reduce
TfL’s spend on air quality and is emissions and exposure, particularly
bringing in hard-hitting measures to in polluted hotspots.
reduce air pollution and protect public
health. These include introducing the The Mayor’s Air Quality Fund (MAQF) is
world’s first Ultra Low Emission Zone in designed to help the boroughs trial local
central London, cleaning up London’s measures to cut pollution and exposure
bus and taxi fleets and taking action to pollution and share learnings and
to reduce exposure to air pollution at outcomes with each other, including
some of the most polluted schools in via a series of workshops and events
London. Monitoring shows that the organised by the GLA and TfL. The fund
central London ULEZ is working; NO2 is delivered jointly by the Mayor and TfL,
concentrations at roadside locations and the objectives of the MAQF are to:
in central London have dropped by a
third since the Mayor confirmed the • support boroughs to reduce PM and
introduction of the Toxicity charge (in NO2 concentrations across London
February 2017) until 6 months into the • support projects that will help to
ULEZ (September 2019). The ULEZ will deliver against some of the Mayor’s
be expanded London-wide for heavy key priorities
vehicles in October 2020 and to the • maximise investment by securing
North and South Circular for match funding from boroughs and
all vehicles in October 2021. other sources
• provide a clear understanding of
London boroughs have a key role to the impact of different measures
play in addressing air pollution. Under through robust monitoring and
the Mayor’s statutory London Local Air knowledge sharing
Quality Management (LLAQM) system
they must monitor and act on air The funding is linked to the LLAQM,
pollution, including delivering against a with key actions from the LLAQM
statutory local Air Quality Action Plan. guidance prioritised for funding. MAQF
Boroughs have a range of powers and is providing boroughs with £22m funding
levers to help reduce pollution, such as in total over 9 years, split into three
management of all streets other than funding rounds for projects lasting
the Transport for London Road Network three years in duration.
(TLRN) and the control of parking. They
M AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T
The second round of the MAQF allocated Emission Vehicle (ULEV) only streets,
£10m between April 2016-2019. and the UK’s first diesel surcharge on
metered parking. These trials have led
The Mayor has also provided a further the way for similar improvements to be
£1m (from the London Economic Action rolled out elsewhere; the ULEV streets
Partnership) through the Mayor’s Air scheme has blazed a trail for Zero
Quality Business Fund (MAQBF). This Emission Zones, several of which are
has supported the delivery of six planned for the City of London; and the
Business Low Emission Neighbourhoods diesel surcharge on metered parking at
(BLENs). The BLENs were rolled out the Marylebone LEN has subsequently
either directly by Business Improvement been expanded to cover the whole of
Districts (BIDs), or by councils working the borough of Westminster. A number
in partnership with local businesses of other schemes and initiatives from
and organisations. Round 2 of the MAQF are also being
expanded. This includes the Non-Road
All the projects and BLENs were match Mobile Machinery and Idling Action
funded by delivery partners from both projects, which are now being delivered
public and private sources. This has across London; and the electric bike
brought the total investment in Round trial in the Greenwich LEN and the Green
3 of the MAQF plus BLENs to more Courier Service in Walthamstow Village,
than £20m in three years. which are being rolled out across the
respective boroughs.
This report summarises the outcomes
from the second round of the MAQF
and the six Business Low Emission
Neighbourhoods. This funding has
enabled a host of innovative trials
including the world’s first Ultra Low
£22 m
funding in total over 9 years,
split into three funding rounds
for projects lasting three years
in duration is being provided
by MAQF to boroughs.
9
Some highlights
This round of the MAQF and the impact of other local/regional initiatives.
MAQBF have brought the ground- The areas that hosted the Archway
breaking Low Emission Neighbourhood Zero Emission Network and BLEN, for
(LEN) concept to life. Through the example, measured an average 40ugm-
LENs, targeted and bespoke measures 3 reduction in pollution levels following
have been introduced at 11 polluted the introduction of these schemes. Yet
locations across London. The fund it would be unreasonable to claim this
has also supported other projects was all a direct result of these projects.
covering everything from idling Obviously, many other factors (such
engines to improving air quality at as cleaner buses and local gyratory
schools and tackling construction improvements) will have contributed.
pollution. You’ll find full details of This means that the benefits set out
the projects and their results in below will be a conservative assessment
part 3 and 4 of this document. and just a snapshot of some of the
combined benefits delivered by the
Some of the major successes and MAQF and BLEN projects.
cumulative impacts from the BLENs and
Round 2 of the MAQF are highlighted on
the next page. It is worth noting that it is
not possible to show all the cumulative
benefits of the schemes because the
analytical techniques used are different.
Some have used estimated emissions
reductions, while others have used local
pollution monitoring. Secondly, it is
challenging to measure how much a local
scheme has individually contributed to
monitored reductions compared with the
M AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T key highlights and cumulative impacts key highlights 16.5 16 % Tonnes of PM and 297 Tonnes of reduction in older more polluting NOx cut through the South London vehicles parking in the Marylebone Non-Road Mobile Machinery project. LEN as a result of the diesel surcharge Based on estimated calculated on metered parking, with no emissions reductions displacement to nearby areas. 16 % 13 World’s first Ultra Low Emission Streets awards received so far in the Hackney LEN, contributing to an estimated 16% reduction in NO2 emissions across the LEN
11
Cumulative benefits
26 924 2.4 km
new clean air routes secure and standard of new/improved
helping pedestrians cycle parking spaces cycle routes
reduce their exposure installed
to pollution by up to 60%
218 + 2918 sq.m 333
trees planted of new greening to standard and 11 rapid
help reduce exposure electric vehicle chargers
to pollution (excluding installed
trees)
53 30
diesel/petrol vehicles replaced by new cargo bikes making
electric models zero emission deliveries
3787 + 500,000
businesses actively engaged with, and online engagements/interactions
supported to reduce their emissions recorded (includes clicks, tweets,
(through workshops, events, meetings, followers, Youtube views, website
and 1:1 support) views etc)M AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T
3. Low Emission Neighbourhoods
and Business Low Emission
Neighbourhoods
LENs are reducing pollution at 11 Other measures include EV charging
London hotspots through measures points, cleaner vehicles incentives and
such as changes to streetscapes and disincentives for dirty vehicles, greening
new cycling infrastructure and to reduce exposure to pollution and
walking routes. enhance areas for walking and cycling,
events, and support to reduce emissions.
LENs and BLENs are not only a chance
to improve air quality, they can also
contribute to improving community
health and wellbeing. At the same
time, they help to reduce noise, carbon
emissions, community severance
and social isolation. LENs have been
given £1m each by the Mayor, while
the BLENs received up to £200,000 each
to help businesses reduce pollution.
The Mayor has supported five new
borough-led Low Emission and six
Business Low Emission Neighbourhoods.
£1m
have been given to each LEN by
the Mayor, while the BLENs received
up to £200,000 each to help
businesses reduce pollution13
Low Emission Neighbourhoods and
Business Low Emission Neighbourhoods
3. 1 BA RB I CA N L E N • A small decrease in annual NO2
(City of London) emissions in most core LEN areas.
The Barbican is an area of the City of Nine of the 14 monitoring sites in
London with a high resident population. the LEN registered a small reduction
Like most of the Square Mile it has high (around 3-4 micrograms) of NO2. Of
levels of air pollution. The City of the five that didn’t, one site remained
London LEN aimed to act as a test bed level and four noted small increases
to pilot measures to improve air quality. of 2-3 micrograms. Two of these
If successful, these could be rolled can be explained by roadworks/
out across the borough. construction nearby
• 250m2 of new green infrastructure,
The objectives of the LEN were to: including a new parklet
• reduce emissions of air pollutants • Eighteen pop up clean air gardens
• reduce exposure to air pollution (as well as the green infra above)
• raise awareness of air quality and • Two hundred new secure cycle
its associated impacts parking spaces
• monitor and understand air pollution
in the LEN focus area A Zero Emission Zone for Beech Street
(a highly polluted covered street by the
Key achievements: Barbican). This scheme was delayed but
• Thirty EV charging bays installed should start in 2020 with a permanent
on the Barbican Estate, plus two scheme in place by 2022.
to service local fleets (22 charging
units providing capability for 30
charging bays)
• A zero-emission taxi rank on
30
Nobel Street to encourage use of
Low Emission Taxis
• Positive business engagement with
Thirty EV charging bays installed
50+ businesses in and around the
on the Barbican Estate, plus two
LEN focus area. As a result, 34
to service local fleets.
businesses acted on air quality,
and eight Delivery and Servicing
Plans were completed
• Successful pilot of a zero-emission
delivery service in Smithfield Market.
This has led to a full-time cargo-bike
delivery service-based in Smithfield
car parkM AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T
3. 2 C I T Y F R IN G E LE N • Based on recorded vehicle
(Hackney, Islington and Tower Hamlets) reductions, estimated local
emissions reductions are:
The City Fringe LEN is a tri-borough — NO2: -16 per cent
scheme involving Hackney, Islington — PM2.5: - 13 per cent
and Tower Hamlets, covering the — PM10: -13 per cent
South Shoreditch area. — CO2: -15 per cent
• Introduction of several diverse and
The project transformed public space. transformational greening projects,
It also introduced a scheme to restrict including a green wall, planted
access to only cyclists, pedestrians “LEN” prism-shaped signage, and
and Ultra Low Emission Vehicles (ULEVs) five parklets
in five LEN streets at peak times. • Major new public space schemes and
reallocation of road space to cyclists
Key achievements: and pedestrians. This includes a new
• Introduction of the world’s first space in Worship Square and a revamp
ULEV Streets scheme of Rivington Square
• Study area-wide reduction of 12.5 • Nine new electric vehicle charging
per cent (13,338) in the number of points, with 41 more in place by the
vehicles observed during the end of 2019
7am to 7pm period • Four new or improved cycle lanes.
• Twenty one out of 25 study • Two road closures to create new public
locations reported a reduction spaces (Garden Walk and Clifton Street)
in vehicles observed • Twelve new or improved walking routes
• Area wide reduction of 8 per cent • Sixty-two new cycle parking spaces
(11,088 vehicles) in overall traffic • Thirteen trees and 26 square meters
movements reported on the core of green wall
road network (ANPR data, 7-7)
• Area wide reduction of 21 per cent
(8,106) in overall traffic movements
on local roads (ATC data, 24hr). This
is estimated to be a reduction of
10,551 motor vehicles (21 per cent)15 London borough of Hackney LEN
M AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T
3. 3 GRE E NW IC H TOW N C E N T R E LE N pedestrian-friendly walking routes,
(Greenwich) and nice spaces for residents to dwell
• The local e-bike loan scheme gave
Several pollution reduction schemes residents the opportunity to trial an
and new infrastructure was installed on electric bike for a month. It was so
the busy Trafalgar Road and around the successful the scheme has been
historic Greenwich centre. As well as rolled out across the borough
direct benefits, this scheme has paved • Greenwich Car Free Day transformed
the way for the Greenwich Town Centre the town centre and gave locals
Liveable Neighbourhood. This proposes the chance to enjoy a traffic free
that the traffic choked town centre town centre. This supported the
gyratory be removed to create more development of the Greenwich
space for walking and cycling. Town Centre Liveable Neighbourhood
programme. This will further improve
Key achievements: local public space, plus walking
• A new 500m high-quality walking, and cycling links, connecting the
cycling and public transport corridor above LEN schemes in west and
through the LEN, along Trafalgar east Greenwich
Road with nine continuous footways • The walking, cycling and bus reliability
and wider footways. It also has improvements in the Trafalgar Road
lightly segregated cycle lanes in both corridor will support better design/
directions; 24-hour bus lanes and delivery of Cycle Future Route 11
a peak time loading ban (7-10am
& 4-7pm)
• More electric vehicle infrastructure to
500m
boost uptake of EVs – 17 additional
electric vehicle charging points have
been installed within the LEN new high-quality walking, cycling
• Seven new electric car club vehicles and public transport corridor
• Four public space schemes on the through the LEN, along Trafalgar
west and east of the LEN. Together
Road with nine continuous
these will create a more human-
footways and wider footways.
friendly neighbourhood, a key aim
of the Greenwich LEN. The green
infrastructure helps to absorb
pollution from busy roads. Streetscape
improvements meanwhile create17
3. 4 I L FO RD G A R DE N J UN CT IO N “T he project will make this
(Redbridge and Newham)
junction safer, greener,
This ambitious project spans two major cleaner, and quieter
roads and three different Highways
Authorities. Due to its complex nature, by putting in place
the project has been extended until April
Carriageway reduction
2020. It aims to influence modal shift for
travel through the hostile and very busy and realignment to
Ilford Junction. It is the only route to walk
and cycle to and from the town centre
provide space for a
and train station from several locations. segregated two-way
The project will make this junction safer,
greener, cleaner, and quieter by putting
cycle lane through the
in place the following measures: junction, better walking
• Carriageway reduction and infrastructure, and lower
realignment to provide space for vehicle speeds.”
a segregated two-way cycle lane
through the junction, better
walking infrastructure, and lower
vehicle speeds.
• Reduce pollution exposure, noise
and improve the walking and cycling
environment using planting to
make a barrier between the road
and the pavement
• Improve the environment for walking
and cycling through by putting in
structural lighting
• Create a pocket park on the banks
of the River RodingM AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T
3. 5 MARY L E B O N E L E N Key achievements:
(City of Westminster) • UK’s first emissions-based on-street
parking surcharge for older more
This project has improved public polluting diesel vehicles. This reduced
space by reducing the car dominance the number of these vehicles in the
and providing more pleasant conditions area by 16 per cent
for pedestrians. There is also more • Indoor Air Quality Information Guide
and better green infrastructure. published, plus indoor monitoring
in one business
Alongside these changes, several • Delivery and servicing workshops
behaviour change measures were and presentations open to all
introduced. This has helped to embed local businesses
sustainable practices in the wide • Eighty-four businesses using the
community. The council worked with deliver BEST online delivery reduction
local groups to co-deliver these support tool as part of the Delivery
schemes. They include Marylebone and Servicing Programme
Green Club Building Energy Efficiency • Sixty-one EV charge points installed
Scheme and an Area-wide Delivery and across the public and private sector
Servicing Programme. The use of cleaner • Four urban realm projects (13 trees,
vehicles has been encouraged through 17 rain gardens totalling 180m2,
emissions-based parking charges and 16 cycle parking spaces, 12 secure
new EV charging points. Other schemes cycle storage spaces, 12 improved
include smart management of Taxi-ranks walking environments)
and fast charging, an Electric Delivery • Seven play street events for
Vehicle Scheme with UPS and no-idling 1,100 children
enforcement. In addition, there have • Schools engagement programme
been awareness raising and campaign for 13 schools
days, a schools engagement scheme • Two dedicated anti-idling marshals
and new play streets. dealing with 900 idling incidents
per month
• Support for taxis through Park
Right app
• The emissions-based parking and
the anti-idling work has now been
rolled out across the borough19
Business Low Emission
Neighbourhoods
3. 6 ARC H WAY V IL L AG E B L E N A new pool cargo bike hire
(Islington Council and the Archway scheme with eight cargo bikes
Town Centre Group) for local businesses
The project aimed to turn the
central Archway area into a haven for
pedestrians and cyclists with additional
provision for electric vehicle users.
This was done by installing new green
infrastructure, EV charging points and
green walking routes to help reduce
local air pollution. These improvements
have made the area more pleasant 26
for everyone, and it is now a more new trees, 280 square meters
attractive area to live and work in. of green wall (including green
screens outside the Whittington
Key achievements: Hospital), and a parklet
• Creating a Clean Air Walking route
from Whittington Hospital to
Archway Town Centre Group including
various public space improvements
and 15 wayfinding signs
• Removing four car parking spaces to
create build out and planting outside
Vorley Road’s Children Centre
• Introducing an electric vehicle for
shared use of eight local businesses
to reduce their use of diesel vehicles
for trips and deliveries
• A new pool cargo bike hire scheme
with eight cargo bikes for local
businesses
• Some 26 new trees, 280 square
meters of green wall (including
green screens outside the
Whittington Hospital), and a parkletM AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T
3. 7 B O RO U G H H IG H ST R E E T B L E N • Rollout of #BetterAirBenches across
(Better Bankside and Team London the area to raise awareness of using
Bridge BIDs) quieter routes to reduce exposure to
air pollution. These modular benches
This project aimed to make businesses contain planting inside
more aware of their impacts on local them, as well as panels with air
air quality and change behaviour pollution information. These benches
through their servicing and delivery provide a place to sit and rest and are
strategies. It also encouraged people highly transportable. That means they
to use quieter less polluted streets to can be used for road closures and
move through this busy and congested events, as well as to meet the need for
area. The project delivered a range of seating in and around Borough Market
innovative and eye-catching public • A new Tooley Street Totem to help aid
realm improvements along with practical navigation from London Bridge Station
support for businesses. to Bankside via low exposure routes
• Some 111 businesses and over 3,000
Key achievements: people were directly engaged through
• Some 414 vkms per week cut 12 events and workshops. Example
through the Borough Market Waste outcomes include 1,048 fewer
Consolidation Project (reducing deliveries to Ernst and Young per year
NOx by 97 per cent and PM2.5 by
47 per cent)
• Two new Clean Air Routes (including
one to Guys Hospital) which include
public space improvements and
green infrastructure
• A beautiful and bio-diverse 75m 2
Green Wall on Collingwood Street
to support the Inns and Yards low
exposure route
• Rollout of the eye-catching #BetterAir
planted letter sculptures to raise
awareness of the issues around
air pollution21 Orchard-Lisle Living Wall Collingwood Street
M AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T
3. 8 E U STO N BLE N 3.9 Hammersmith BLEN
(Euston Town BID) (Hammersmith Council and
Hammersmith BID)
To create a clean air route between
Euston Station and Regents Park with The Hammersmith BLEN aimed to
greening and public realm interventions, address air quality by changing business,
an art installation, and signage. employee, visitor and resident habits for
The initiative has replaced lost green the long-term and improving residents’
space and encourages walking and health. New public realm was designed
cycling. It is over 30 per cent less to provide a focal point for the
polluted than walking along Euston community around the issue of air
Road. The route also takes people quality. The project also encouraged
past the independent shops and and supported businesses to reduce
restaurants on Drummond Street, emissions from their own operations,
helping to support these businesses. particularly deliveries.
Key achievements: Key achievements:
• On street improvements including • Planting 522m² of ivy screens along
greening, a green wall, a pollution- the most polluted section of Talgarth
themed art installation and a new Road, directly underneath the flyover.
pocket park The screens shield the public from
• New signage for the cleaner route, exposure by providing a physical
including high profile position on barrier and ensuring that people
Euston Road walk as far away from the kerbside
• High profile Invisible Dust event with as possible. This is supported with
the Wellcome Trust “Plants Not Pollution” signage painted
• Over 100 businesses engaged, 30 onto Flyover piers. It uses an iconic
of which helped shape the scheme’s William Morris design, which links
design process to a wider anti-pollution awareness
• Installation of a rapid charger in campaign
partnership with Camden council • Four rapid electric vehicle
and TfL chargers installed
• An improved cycle lane
• A new clean air route created from
Hammersmith station to Riverside23
• The scheme won the Hammersmith 3 .1 0 HO M E RTO N B LE N
Society Award for Improving the (Hackney Council with
Local Environment and Best Healthy Homerton Hospital)
Streets Business Improvement
District Project 2019 The project aimed to encourage
• Seventy businesses and almost Homerton Hospital staff, patients
1,000 people were engaged at 14 and visitors to use more sustainable
events and workshops transport modes by providing cycle and
• New secure cycle hub to provide much EV infrastructure and enhancing and
needed cycle parking for commuters increasing safety on walking routes to
• The project proved extremely popular and from the hospital.
with the local community, with many
residents asking for the BLEN to be Key achievements:
extended throughout the area. • Better pedestrian environment
• Local businesses have been really between the hospital and Hackney
interested in the project. As a result, Central and Homerton Station
five buildings including the Apollo • More cycle parking at the hospital
and the Ark, have made changes to • Promoting walking, cycling and EVs
reduce their deliveries through a Staff Travel Policy and
Travel Hierarchy
• Electrification of Homerton Hospital
fleet with replacement of four
petrol vehicles
• Installing a network of EV charging
points for use by the hospital, staff
and visitors
70
businesses and almost 1,000 Installing a network of EV
people were engaged at 14 charging points for use by
events and workshops the hospital, staff and visitorsM AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T
3. 1 1 T H E NORT H BA N K B L E N The Northbank BID teamed up with
(Northbank Business Improvement Groundwork London to deliver the
District (BID) and Capco BLEN. It consisted of a series of
(Covent Garden area) green infrastructure measures,
behaviour change campaigns,
The Northbank area suffers from some business engagement and
of London’s worst air quality which delivery service planning.
impacts on local workers, residents
and visitors. Creating a healthier area Key achievements:
is a priority for Northbank BID and its • A matrix of eight clean air streets
member businesses to ensure the local with improved public space. This
community and businesses thrive. encourages walking, and walking on
low exposure routes, between major
The Northbank BID is in the heart of interchanges and destinations in
London and is the gateway into London’s the area. It was supported with
West End, from Victoria Embankment wayfinding and extensive promotion.
and the Strand. The area has high footfall • A new parklet
with very busy walking routes from • Some 376 businesses engaged with
transport links to places where people through 54 events and workshops,
work and visit. It incorporates significant and 40 businesses provided with 1:1
landmarks, visitor attractions, education support to establish how to reduce
and cultural institutions, theatres, hotels emissions. Example outcomes include
and is a major shopping destination. a 12 per cent reduction in deliveries
to Somerset House
The BLEN helped provide a focus for • Some 26,800 people engaged with
street greening to reduce pollution via pop up events, anti-idling events,
exposure and raise awareness of air wellbeing walks and air quality events
pollution issues. It has made the area hosted with large local businesses
more attractive to walk and cycle and organisations
and helped businesses to reduce
their emissions.25 The Northbank BLEN – Clean Air Routes
M AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T 4. Other Air Quality Projects
27
4. 1 ARC H WAY Z E RO E M IS S IO N • Installing the first publicly available
NE T WO RK ( Z E N ) electric charging points in the area,
(Islington) on Giesbach Road, St. John’s Grove
and Pemberton Gardens
The Archway ZEN project worked with • Putting in a range of small and
businesses, residents, schools and medium-scale greening initiatives
community groups to raise awareness by local businesses and schools,
of air pollution and help provide tailored including a new parklet. Green
practical solutions. The key aims were infrastructure proved a good way
to achieve air quality improvements to get businesses to think about air
by changing: quality in Archway and options on
offer through the ZEN
• the way employees and residents • Adoption of cargo bikes for local
commute deliveries, which is now reducing
• modal shift to sustainable travel approximately 805 kilometres of petrol
• increasing the uptake of ultra-low or diesel vehicle use per week
emission vehicles • Some 380 people had anti-idling
• assisting businesses to consolidate and smarter driver training including
deliveries drivers at Whittington Hospital,
Metroline bus garage and Whittington
Key achievements: cars minicabs
• Twenty NO2 monitoring diffusion • Signing up 120 businesses to the ZEN,
tubes were placed in the area. They with 1000 individuals benefitting from
have recorded an average reduction of ZEN services
40ugm-3 over two years. It is not easy • Forty events and workshops and bike
to quantify the ZEN’s contribution to repair events held
this huge drop. Other London-wide
improvements, such as the upgrade
of the bus fleet, will have played a role
in these improvements. However, it is a
120
very positive indicator of this project’s businesses signed-up to the ZEN,
success, the complementary Business with 1000 individuals benefitting
Low Emission Neighbourhood from ZEN services.
(referred to earlier in this report), and
other local and regional measuresM AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T Clean Air Walk, Archway
29
4. 2 E L E CT R IC V E H IC LE C H A RG E • One fully electric street in the borough
PO I NT T RI A L A N D BE AT T H E with chargers in every lamppost, due
ST R E E T S to demand from residents switching
(Hounslow) to cleaner vehicles
This initiative had two strands – an Key achievements Beat the Streets:
innovative trial of electric vehicle • Launch event attended by over
chargers in lampposts, and the 300 people
complementary Beat the Street. This • Some 9,523 people took part in the
promotional, game-based measure scheme. Over 160,000 miles were
was designed to increase activity logged. The highest participation
levels amongst participants both while levels (55 per cent total participants)
playing and in the longer term. During the were recorded in the most
game, pupils and residents recorded how deprived areas
far they walked. They did this by tapping • There was a 4 per cent decrease in the
their Beat the Street cards on ‘Beat in the proportion of adults reporting
Boxes’ on lamp posts at various being inactive (immediately before
locations around the borough. Other the scheme to immediately after)
objectives included: • The proportion of children doing
60 minutes of physical activity on
• Boost levels of active travel on the five+ days in the past week
school run increased from 56 to 64 per cent
• Enhance levels of wellbeing and • There was a 27 per cent average
community cohesion. decrease in the number of cars
• Increase the popularity of walking arriving at schools. There was also a
and cycling 12 per cent increase in the proportion
• Reduce the use of cars for walking to school
short journeys • Longer term changes were also
• Improve air quality around schools recorded. For inactive people (0-1
days of physical activity) before
Key achievements for the EV Beat the Street in 2016, their average
charging project: days of activity went up to 3.1 days,
• 80 charge points installed into a year later
lampposts, creating charging
capability without taking up
pavement space or requiring
dedicated parking spaceM AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T
4. 3 C L E AN A IR B E T T E R B U S IN E S S Key achievements:
11 (CA B B 2 ) • Identified and promoted 13 clean air
Cross River Partnership walking routes across five boroughs,
reducing exposure by between 30-60
Clean Air Better Business brought per cent
together multiple central London • Commissioned and publicised
boroughs and BIDs to enable business- research showing air pollutants are
led action to reduce emissions and 30-60 per cent lower on side streets
exposure to air pollution. Key objectives (clean air walking routes). Coverage
were to empower businesses and in the Guardian led to more than
BIDs to take positive action. This was 11,000 clean air route searches in
particularly around business demand just one day
for freight and servicing, and in delivery • A 300 per cent increase in pedestrians
of green infrastructure and healthy using the clean air route between
streets. The project: Euston and Kings Cross stations after
the Wellbeing Walk was signposted
• Helped put air quality firmly on the • Cut 1,162 deliveries a year through
business agenda a shared supplier scheme. We
• Supported 500+ businesses to reduce worked with businesses to identify
emissions from freight and servicing inefficiencies by developing
• Reduced the impact of e-commerce the deliverBEST online tool and
deliveries business support service. It
• Supported business-led green provides businesses with relevant
infrastructure and healthy streets recommendations to make deliveries
• Reduced exposure to air pollution to their organisations more efficient.
• Spread the word that clean air is Recommendations are tailored to
better for business. The CABB has an organisation based on factors
also helped to capacity-build partners including size, location and sector.
and particularly the BID sector to • Some 38 trees, 40 square meters of
help support the Mayor’s air quality rain garden, and nine other greening
agenda. CABB piloted and trialled measures delivered. These include a
new and different ways to reduce parklet in Fitzrovia, which has led to
emissions and exposure, with lessons a 41 per cent increase in recorded
learnt used to deliver wide-ranging feelings of wellbeing for pedestrians
actions using the area31 • Some 97 events and workshops • Three awards won and runner up/ 500 + finalist for seven other awards businesses supported • Around 22,000 users of the ‘Click. to reduce emissions from Collect. Clean Air' tool. This was freight and servicing developed to change behaviour and encourage the use of ‘click & collect’ for online shopping purchases. The website www.clickcollect.london (and various locally-branded versions) maps collection points across London and the UK. This makes it easy to find a convenient collection point • Some 140,000 users of the Clean Air Route Finder we designed to help people find cleaner walking 22,000 and cycling routes users of the ‘Click. Collect. Clean • The Heart of London Deliveries, Air' tool. This was developed to Waste & Recycling Action Plan change behaviour and encourage (launched as HOLBA Clean Air the use of ‘click & collect’ Initiatives in May 2017). CRP, on for online shopping purchases behalf of Heart of London. The aim was to minimise waste and reduce waste vehicle collection trips
M AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T
4. 4 E VE LY N ST R E E T Key achievements:
C O NST RU CT IO N LO G IST IC S • Detailed transport and logistics
P L A N F R AM E WO R K plans put in place with sites, to
(Lewisham) reducing construction traffic including
removing peak deliveries, reduce
This project aimed to coordinate the workforce passenger car travel
construction logistics from the planned • NRMM usage was reduced through
redevelopment of Deptford to reduce the usage of mains power at
the impact of the additional construction Deptford Foundry
vehicles. The emphasis was on vehicle • Introduction of local AQ monitoring at
emissions and their contribution to Timberyard, funded by the developers
poor air quality for people living in the • Relationship building between
Evelyn Street Area. Ten of the biggest individual sites and infrastructure
construction companies in the area take projects (Cycleway 4) to reduce
part in the scheme. However, several conflict during concurrent
major developments have been delayed, construction, reducing congestion
which have limited the project’s impact. and delays
Lewisham plans to keep the project in • There is now a forum in place for the
place so that the anticipated benefits new and largest sites once they begin
can be realised over the coming years. the development (Convoys Wharf,
Neptune’s Wharf, New Bermondsey)
Detailed transport and logistics There is now a forum in place
plans put in place with sites, for the new and largest sites
to reduce construction traffic once they begin the development
including removing peak deliveries, (Convoys Wharf, Neptune’s
reducing workforce passenger Wharf, New Bermondsey
car travel33
4. 5 F RE I GH T 4 .6 Z E RO E M I S SI ON
C O NSO L I DAT IO N S E RV IC E DE LI V E RI E S – Z E D
(Camden and Islington) (Waltham Forest)
The Camden consolidation centre is a With support from the MAQF, Waltham
facility that takes hundreds of different Forest became the first UK council to
deliveries from various suppliers, and support introduction of a zero emissions
channels them into one central point. delivery service: ZED Waltham Forest.
The supplies, goods and materials are This service targets local businesses
then sorted into fewer – and electric – and first and last mile deliveries. It uses
vehicles for delivery, on a just-in-time cargo bikes, trikes, and electric vehicles
basis. The project is delivering to over to courier goods from shops and
135 buildings across Camden suppliers within the borough and beyond.
and Islington.
The service gives residents and
Key achievements: businesses a chance to support their
• Some 43,686 parcels delivered from local economy and improves air quality.
August 2018 to July 2019. This has It encourages people to leave their
helped save: vehicles at home and instead walk,
cycle and use public transport, using
— 21,743vkms the borough’s new local transport
— 6.9 Tonnes carbon / 6944kg infrastructure. This new and high-quality
— 40.66 Tonnes NO2 service in Waltham Forest is now being
well used by a range of local businesses,
• Camden have seen a 57 per cent both within the borough and beyond.
reduction in delivery trips and 66 per The council is now using ZED for
cent drop in delivery miles since they library deliveries, to move musical
started the Consolidation Centre instruments for tuition classes and
to deliver materials to schools.M AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T
Key achievements: • Innovation – Waltham Forest not only
In the first 18 months of the project, supports zero emission deliveries,
the team has: it has also used new approaches
to solve logistical issues and meet
• Delivered 21,979 packages business needs. They have a fleet of
• Travelled 21,248km ten cargo bikes; two Iceni trikes, two
• Provided a delivery service for Omnium cargo bikes, three Urban
55 local businesses Arrow cargo bikes, a Bullitt Alu bike,
• Partnership working - ZED also works a Bullitt Convoy bike and an e-bike,
with Zedify in central London to create alongside a branded Nissan e–NV200
a network of sustainable deliveries. van. By using such a wide range of
One of their clients, Organiclea, who bikes, they can meet the needs of all
are based in north Chingford, use businesses. The council now wants
this service to deliver to restaurants to buy a trailer which will turn into a
in central London. ZED collects the mobile consolidation hub, the first
fresh fruit and vegetable boxes in their of its kind in the UK
electric van and hands them over to
Zedify’s depot in Smithfield Market, for
onward delivery by bike. This means
the whole journey is ultra-low emission
• Employment – ZED is one of only
six London Living Wage employers
in Waltham Forest and is therefore
providing a decent wage for 12 local
people. They are paid by hour worked,
not by the number of deliveries that
they make. This means they are not
under pressure to deliver and can
instead provide a high-quality service35
4. 7 H ACKNE Y F LE E T P RO J E CT 4 .8 HA M M E RSM I TH G ROV E SCHE ME
(Hackney) (Hammersmith & Fulham)
Hackney Council has ambitions to To turn the street from a traffic-
have the cleanest and greenest fleet dominated rat-run with planting, seating,
in London and one of the cleanest and cycling facilities, reduced traffic lanes,
greenest fleets in the UK. This project entry treatments and EV charging points.
aimed to show how local authorities
can rapidly increase uptake of electric Key achievements:
vehicles, as well as increase walking • Introduced a large variety of plants,
and cycling for work trips. plus four parklets with seating and
cycling facilities
Key achievements: • Delivered four fast multi-point
• Winner of the Fleet Category at the charging points and bays,
2018 National Air Quality Awards removing eight out of 12 P&D
• Installed 45 charging points of 7 KW or parking bays overall
more on council car parks and depots • Changed the road to one-way,
• Procured 39 electric vehicles – narrowing the lanes and entries,
bringing the total electric vehicle and providing a contra-flow cycle
fleet to 55 vehicles lane and bike-port
• Have successfully trailed home • Held a very successful car free day
charging using Ubitricity’s smart lead to promote the scheme
and charging equipment with five • Won three awards for the scheme
Hackney staff members officers. A (Healthy Streets Award; the
first for London and one of first in UK Hammersmith Society’s prestigious
• Increased the council owned bike fleet Nancye Goulden Award; and Silver
by 30 and launched an innovative pool Award at Global Good Awards 2019)
bike solution for council business • An AQ mesh monitor was placed in the
travel. The council has in addition area to provide before and after data.
delivered various internal campaigns It recorded an average reduction of
to increase bike use by Council 25 per cent in the annual mean
employees Nitrogen Dioxide concentrations
(pre- monitoring took place between
March and July 2018, and post-
monitoring between January and
September 2019)M AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T No 2 NO2 Programme
37
4. 9 H ARI NG E Y N O 2 N O 2 4 .1 0 I DLI NG ACTI O N
P RO GR A MM E (City of London lead borough)
Haringey’s ‘No 2 NO2’ Programme is a This project brought together BIDs,
package of linked measures to improve boroughs, businesses, and other
local air quality and reduce emissions stakeholders to deliver idling awareness
through awareness raising and across the 19 participating boroughs.
behaviour change. The project recruited and trained
volunteers to engage with drivers
Key achievements: about the impacts of engine idling
• Haringey’s first school street – which on Idling Action Days.
delivered timed road closures at the
entrance to Lordship Primary The aims of the campaign were to:
• Some 6,376 Personal Travel Plans • Reduce unnecessary engine idling
developed to help parents and carers • Raise the profile of air quality; and
get to school in non- polluting ways of idling engines as a source of
and expose children to less pollution air pollution
• The setting up of 12 Walking Zones • Get the support of local communities,
for those schools that experience businesses and organisations to help
high car use and are in / adjacent with campaign days
NO2 affected areas. A walking zone • Speak to drivers to educate and
aims to discourage cars in favour of encourage behaviour change
travel by foot • Gain maximum publicity for the
• Some 472 people had cycle skills campaign across London
training and 240 people had cycle
maintenance training
• An air quality business engagement
project focussed in the Wood Green
area, developing business-focused
action plans with 59 businesses
One of the aims of the campaign
• Engagement work with those with was to speak to drivers to educate
asthma, COPD, heart disease, stroke and encourage behaviour change
etc to raise awareness of air pollution.
Promotion of walkit.com / airtext by
means of an ‘information pack’ via GP
surgeries, local medical centres and
pharmacies, engaging directly
with patientsM AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T
Key achievements: 4 .1 1 THE LONDON LOW E M I S SI ON
• Delivered 161 events and interacted CONSTRU CTI O N PA RTNE RSHI P
face to face with over 7,200 members (LLECP)
of the public (Camden)
• Over 750 toolkits were downloaded
from people across the UK – the LLECP was a partnership project with the
campaign materials have been Environmental Research Group (ERG) at
particularly popular King’s College London, and six boroughs.
• Delivered educational sessions Through the project ERG worked with the
for around 15,000 primary construction industry and supply chains
school students to reduce the overall pollution of their
• Publicised the campaign through activities. It involved a combination of
a Twitter account with over 1,400 scientific study and on-the-ground work
followers; over 13,000 website directly with construction companies and
views, and many website enquiries construction sites.
Using Round 3 of MAQF funding, this Key achievements:
project is now being expanded to benefit • Helped the construction industry to
all but one London borough (Barnet understand its impact on local air
have chosen not to take part). All the quality. This was achieved by running
boroughs are now complementing the seminars and workshops at City Hall
expanded project with enforcement and speaking at industry events.
against idling vehicles. Examples include BuildLondon,
EcoBuild, Construction Plant Hire
Association annual conference,
Highways England NRMM user group
and the Environmental Industries
Commission. We also engaged directly
with developers and their contractors
as well as through the website and
social media accounts
• Worked with established industry
bodies to develop guidance and
training materials. These included
the Institute for Civil Engineers
(ICE) – Engineering cleaner air
report, Considerate Constructors
Scheme (CCS)39 • Reached 500 businesses through the industry engagement campaign 500 • LLECP wrote several articles businesses reached through for national papers and industry the industry engagement publications. It also appeared a campaign on regional BBC news to discuss the GLA’s control of construction emissions in London • Training event for boroughs and stakeholders at City Hall • Improved pollution monitoring, and made this data available for construction sites in London. Dust monitoring is often a planning requirement for major development Improved pollution monitoring, sites. LLECP improved this by and made this data available for developing guidance on how and construction sites in London. where to locate indicative monitors and how to operate them to improve data quality. The project also provided a real-time pollution measurement platform on the project website. It included a rapid alert system to notify the site managers when there was a pollution event likely to have been linked to construction activity. • Assessed the impact of pollution abatement techniques using high quality on-site measurement and specialist data analysis. This allowed LLECP to independently assess the potential to reduce emissions using hybrid machines, chemical dust suppression, diesel fuel additives and ISO grade fuels • Sponsored a PhD thesis ‘Characterising non-road mobile machinery emissions through
M AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T portable emissions testing and • Launched a dedicated website emissions inventory development’. containing information on the This work has been presented at air pollution impacts from the UK and international events such construction industry and the as the Royal Society of Chemistry, available abatement measures. Cambridge Particle meeting, Public Between April 2016 – April 2019 Health England and the Co-ordinating the website had 12,597 unique Research Council (US) users with 26,776-page views • Created guidance on dust and • LLECP also worked with Aggreko and emissions from construction sites Green Urban Technologies to develop for use by local authorities, and test SCRT retrofit (after-exhaust developers and contractors with technology) to reduce both nitrogen key LLECP project findings dioxide and particulates. The aim • Worked with targeted construction was to allow constant speed engines sites to provide advice and guidance to meet the GLA emission standards on how to apply ‘best in class’ required in central London from abatement. This included major 2020. Retrofitting existing machines London infrastructure projects (HS2/ is potentially the fastest way of Tideway) plus regeneration areas achieving the emission reduction including Battersea, Deptford, Earls targets due to supply shortages of Court, Elephant and Castle, King’s new stage V generators Cross, Nine Elms and Stratford
41
4. 1 2 NO N- ROA D M O BIL E 4 .1 3 NO N-ROA D M O B I LE
MACH I NE RY ( N R M M ) – M ACHI NE RY (NRM M ) –
SO U T H LO N DO N NORTH LONDON
(Merton lead borough) (Barnet lead borough)
NRMM (primarily construction The project employed an officer to
machinery) contributes to around 15 audit construction sites for compliance
per cent of PM2.5 pollution in London. with the Non-Road Mobile Machinery
The NRMM project was originally (NRMM) regulations. It aimed to reduce
intended to cover only the south London NO2 and PM10 emissions from NRMM
boroughs. However, following repeated and raise industry awareness of NRMM
requests, it widened to incorporate requirements, air pollution, dust and
more councils, bringing the total taking the GLA’s SPG. Another objective was
part to 13. Membership included the to create a legacy Code of Practice for
provision of training and expertise, and north London. This would shape local
the carrying out of audits of NRMM policy and ensure a consistent approach
at construction sites. Audits included to enforcement. It also acts as a guide to
extensive engagement with construction help developers reduce emissions and
site managers to help them understand reduce nuisance complaints.
and comply with London’s NRMM
requirements. It also included follow Key achievements:
up visits to sites to check how their • The officer was able to proactively
equipment and practices have improved. counter complaints of dust and track-
out onto road from construction sites
Key achievements: by assessing “Construction Method
• Audited 464 sites and 1,444 machines Statement” planning conditions
• A 40 per cent average increase in • The requirement to register NRMM
compliance rates between the first on the website, and for it to comply
and second construction site audits with NRMM Regulations has been
• Some 16.5 tonnes of PM and 297 formalised. There are now standard
tonnes of NOx cut (31 per cent and planning conditions and it has been
22 per cent respectively) across incorporating into the participating
all sits visited councils’ Supplementary Planning
• Six boroughs and five industry Guidance
representatives received detailed • Increase in compliance rates on major
training on reducing NRMM construction sites
• Due to the success of this project,
in Round 3 of the MAQF it has
been expanded to include every
London boroughM AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T South London NRMM Project
43
In Round 3 of the MAQF this project 4 .1 5 RE DB RI DG E SCHO O LS A I R
has now been replaced by the London- ACTI ON PRO G R A M M E
wide scheme led by Merton, leading (Redbridge)
to economies of scale and a joined-up
approach across London. The project worked with 15 schools to
deliver a comprehensive and holistic
4. 1 4 P U T NE Y H IG H ST R E E T A IR air quality education programme. It
Q UAL I T Y SC H E M E supported students to lead on behaviour
(Wandsworth) change activities, citizen science and
campaigns. The programme aimed to:
This small-scale project identified and
assessed potential measures on Putney • Make the school and local community
High Street which could be rolled out aware of the risks of air pollution
within larger workstreams. This project • Inform schools about the strategies
developed detailed proposals to reduce that they can use to protect their
transport related emissions and make health and reduce their own impact
the high street safer, more functional, • Reduce the level of car use at
and more attractive. each school
Key achievements:
• Completion of detailed design of the
main environmental improvement
scheme on Putney High Street which
will enhance the pedestrian and cycle
environment, and help to ensure the
20mph speed limit is adhered to. The
MAQF enabled the development of
the detailed designs, which unlocked
match funding to deliver the scheme,
which will be complete in 2020.
4,190
• Design and negotiation of two new
vehicle kilometres reduced per day
green walls (to be delivered in 2020) as a result of the project (based
on before and after surveys, 550
people switched from using their
car to walking and cycling)M AY O R ’ S A I R Q U A L I T Y F U N D C O M P L E T I O N R E P O R T Key achievements: 4 .1 6 SHO RE DI TCH Z E RO • Some 4,190 vehicle kilometres E M I S SI O NS NE T WO RK ( Z E N) – reduced per day as a result of the (Hackney lead) project (based on before and after surveys, 550 people switched from Zero Emissions Network (ZEN) is a using their car to walking and cycling) business liaison and behaviour change • Holding 232 workshops and events, project based in east London with reaching almost 29,000 students, a transferable model for tackling air parents and staff pollution. It is managed jointly by • Around 1,658 local households the London boroughs of Hackney, received an air quality protection Islington and Tower Hamlets. The strategy and pledge flyer. Of these, project was established in Hackney in 784 were engaged in either an 2012. Since 2013, it has been funded air quality brief conversation or a by MAQF Rounds 1 and 2. ZEN works Personal Travel Plan with businesses and residents offering • Four out of six schools increased bespoke free advice and services to their level of STARS (Sustainable help them work cheaper, cleaner and Travel: Active, Responsible, Safe) greener. It also works with moped accreditation. Three of these achieved delivery riders to encourage the switch gold from a baseline of two bronze and from mopeds to e-bikes. ZEN shows that one silver in the previous year air quality is a cross boundary issue that • Redbridge Primary’s outstanding can be effectively addressed through Ofsted report specifically referred collaborative working. to the excellence of programme 232 workshops and events, reaching almost 29,000 students, parents and staff
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