Knowledge Organiser Year 8 - Cycle Three 2020-21

Knowledge
Organiser
Year 8
Cycle Three
2020-21

Intro d uc tio n

 Self-Quizzing
 Why should I self-quiz?
 Your mind is split into two parts: the working-memory and the long-term memory. Everybody’s working-
 memory is limited, and therefore it can very easily become overwhelmed. Your long-term memory, on the
 other hand, is effectively limitless.
 You can support your working memory by storing key facts and processes in long term memory. These facts
 and processes can then be retrieved to stop your working memory becoming overloaded.
 Research shows that students remember 50% more when they test themselves after learning something.
 This booklet contains knowledge organisers for all of your subjects. Each knowledge organiser has the key
 information that needs to be memorised to help you master your subject and be successful in lessons.

 How should I self-quiz, and how often?
 Research shows that regular testing improves knowledge retention; in order to learn the information in your
 knowledge organiser, you will need to work with it more than once! If a subject sets homework more than once
 per week, it is highly likely that they will ask you to work with the same information on both nights – this is so that
 you learn it more effectively. There are many different ways to learn the material in your knowledge organiser.

 You could:
 Cover – Write – Check: Cover up one section of the knowledge organiser, and try to write out as much as you
 can from memory. Check the knowledge organiser to see if you are right; correct any mistakes and fill in any
 missing information in your green pen. Repeat this process at least twice to fill your page. You could also
 include content from the previous week’s homework – especially if there were some parts you struggled with.

 If you find the cover–write–check method too simple, try one of the following strategies:
 a) Practice paragraphs / exam questions – use the key information on your knowledge organiser to write
 a paragraph response to the topic. This will show that you can use key vocabulary in context.
 b) Revision clock – draw a clock and add the topic in the middle. Break the clock face into 10 minute
 sections. Add notes from the knowledge organiser in each section. Cover the clock and recite the
 information aloud.
 c) Transformative tasks – take the information from the knowledge organiser and present it in a different
 format: e.g. a newspaper report, a page from a text book, a comic strip, a set of quiz questions (make sure
 that you include the answers).
 d) Additional research – Complete your own research into the topic set on your knowledge organiser.
 Present this new information in your homework book.
 e) Use your knowledge organisers to create flashcards. These could be double sided with a question on
 one side and the answer on the other. Alternatively, a keyword on one side and a definition or diagram on
 the other. These are then used for self-quizzing.
 f) Draw a mind map, jotting down everything that you can remember from the knowledge organiser.
 Check accuracy, correct in green pen and then repeat.

 TOP Don’t just copy material from the knowledge organiser into your book.
 This will not increase your retrieval strength, since you are not actually

 TIP trying to remember anything. It won’t stick!

 Knowledge Homework Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 2

In tro d uc tio n
 How should I present my work?
 Please remember that the same rules apply to the presentation of your homework as apply for your class work:
 dates and titles (which should be the name of the subject) need to be underlined with a ruler and you
 should present your work as neatly as you are able to.
 If you are self-quizzing correctly, there should be evidence of green pen on your page. Here are some
 examples of how to set out your work:

 Homework Schedules
 Week Week
 commencing Week Section of KO to work from commencing Week Section of KO to work from
 19th April A Week 1 21st June A Week 9
 26th April B Week 2 28th June B Week 10
 3rd May A Week 3 Assessment week: revise for
 5th July A
 assessments
 10th May B Week 4
 Super-teaching week: teachers will
 17th May A Week 5 12th July B set homework linked to knowledge
 24th May B Week 6 gaps identified in assessments

 7th June A Week 7 19th July A Enrichment Week

 14th June B Week 8

 Week A Subject 1 Subject 2 Subject 3

 Monday English Food Science

 Tuesday Tier 2 vocab Maths (Sparx) LTTF

 Wednesday Geography History Drama

 Thursday Science English Computing

 Friday Maths (Sparx) Maths (Sparx) MFL

 Week B Subject 1 Subject 2 Subject 3

 Monday English MFL Science

 Tuesday PE Maths (Sparx) DT

 Wednesday Geography History Art

 Thursday Science English Music

 Friday Maths (Sparx) Maths (Sparx) MFL

Knowledge Homework Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 3

A rt
 Cover – Write – Check WEEK 3/4 WEEK 5/6 WEEK 7/8 Year 8 ART
 the ‘Art Elements’ TONE SHAPE PATTERN
 Refers to the lightness or Is a Two-Dimensional area. Refers to a design created by
 WEEK 1/2 darkness of something. Shapes can either be repeating lines, shapes, tones WEEK 9/10
 This could be a shade or how geometric, like a circle, square or colours. The design used to
 LINE TEXTURE
 dark or light a colour appears. or triangle, or irregular. create a pattern is often
 A line is a mark made on a surface. Refers to how something feels or how
 Tones are created by the way [2D = height + width] referred to as a motif. These
 For example, by a pencil, pen or other it appears to feel. There are two types
 light falls on a 3D object. motifs can be simple shapes or
 art material. It can take many forms: FORM of texture; actual texture and
 complex arrangements. simulated texture. Actual Texture:
 diagonal, horizontal or curved. Line Is a Three-Dimensional shape,
 Patterns can be man-made, means the actual physical surface of
 can be used to show many different such as a cube, sphere or
 like a design on fabric, or an artwork or design. It describes the
 qualities, for example: Contours, cone.
 natural, like the markings on tactile feeling you would get if you ran
 feelings or expressions and [3D = height, width + depth]
 animal fur. Patterns can also your hand over it. Simulated Texture:
 movements.
 be regular or irregular. refers to the illusion of texture which is
 created by an artist using various
 skills.

 TONAL SHADING Natural Patterns

 Actual Texture

 Man-Made Patterns
 TONAL VOCABULARY
 Light Dark Shades Harsh
 Mask Shapes
 Silhouette Tint Reflecting
 Gradient Graphite SHAPE & FORM
 Grayscale Hatching Cross- VOCABULARY Simulated Texture
 hatching Shadow Sketch Rounded Angular Irregular
 Tonal Solid Contrast Chunky Small Fragile
 PATTERN VOCABULARY TEXTURE VOCABULARY
 Dull Shading Highlight Feminine Masculine Bold
 Repeat Motif Simple Scaly Flaking Crusty Rough
 Blend Bold Range Robust Bulbous Sculptural
 Complex Symmetrical Smooth Bobbled Sharp Wavy
 Cylindrical Delicate
 Random Natural Man- Woolly Stubble Woven Wooden
 LINE VOCABULARY EXTEND YOUR Balanced Organic
 Bold Thin Thick Erratic Zig-zag
 made Mirrored Surface Stippled Rusty Carved Bark
 UNDERSTANDING Geometric Abstract
 Wavy Broken Hatch Cross-hatch Structural Decorative Stone Feathery Polished
 1.Draw as many different types Realistic Simplified
 Sharp Soft Curved Angular Dotted Tessellation Rhythm Crumbling Actual Visual Coarse
 of line you can think of. Structure Proportion
 Continuous Straight Horizontal Balance Recurring Block Fluffy Furry Silk Tactile
 2.Create your own tonal scale Spherical Square Ovoid
 Vertical Diagonal Dashed Length Optical Illusion Design
 Slant Outline Parallel with your own drawing pencils. Regular Volume
 Detail

Knowledge Organiser Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 4

C o m p u t i ng
 Week 1 Week 3 Week 5
 Logic Facilities of Languages Translators The Binary Number System Converting Binary Numbers
 Logic is used to make decisions. CPUs are very impressive but they are Translators are programs that convert Computers are made up of switches. Converting from Binary to Denary (easy)
 There are very few logic operations that a CPU actually quite simple when it comes to high level language commands: They are either on (1) or off (0). If you are given a binary number which is to
 will perform on its inputs. processing. They can only process 1’s and print, IF, For etc. Computers therefore cannot physically be converted into denary do the following:
 Invert or NOT operation 0’s. …into a set of machine code commands:
 They do not understand how to process 1011, 11001, 11000011110 etc represent any more than 2 numbers (0 1.Above each bit, write the value of that bit.
 The NOT gate produces an output and 1).
 which is the reverse of the input.
 high level programming code (e.g. …so that the CPU can process the data!
 1 0 Python). Any type of data that the computer deals 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
 If the input is 1 (Logic True) then High Level Language with HAS to be converted into a binary 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
 the output is 0 (Logic False).
 Machine Code (Very Low Level Assembly Language number for the computer to process it. 2.Then simply add the values
 If the input is 0 (Logic False) then 0 1 Language) The different types of data can be where there is a 1 underneath.
 the output is 1 (Logic True) The CPU can only understand one type of Machine Language (Code) represented by computer systems are:
 The shorthand way of writing this is code: Machine Code Hardware (CPU) Numbers, text, images (inc moving) and Converting from Denary to Binary
 Q = NOT A (where 'A' is the input
 and 'Q' is the output).
 Made up of Coded Instructions and Data sound Converting from denary to binary is also
 There are 2 ways in which translators Before it can be processed by the quite straight forward.
 e.g. 01001100 (binary) work:
 A Q computer the data has to be converted If we wanted to convert 202 into binary, we
 Or 1.Take the whole code and convert it into to numbers. would do the following:
 1 0 B8200 (hexadecimal) machine code before running it (known 1 2 8
 0 1 as compiling). Units of a single binary number:
 Each piece of machine code is stored as a 4
 binary number and then decoded and 2.Take the code one instruction at a The basic unit is 0 or 1. 1
 executed by the CPU’s logic circuits. time, translate and run the instruction, This is a binary digit….also known as a 1 3 3
 The AND operation before translating the next instruction
 1 Writing programs in ‘Machine Code’ is bit Does 128 fit into 202?
 The AND gate takes two inputs, to 1 difficult for a human to do (known as interpreting – Python is A bit can store one of 2 numbers (0 and YES! So we add a 1 into the column and
 1 interpreted).
 produce a single output. 1) subtract 128 from 202 (leaving 74)
 The rule for this gate is that if 1 Assembly Language (Low Level There are 3 types of translator A group of 8 bits is known as a… 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
 both A and B are True then the 0 Language) 1
 0 To overcome this issue, assembly Compiler
 output is also True, otherwise it is
 Converts the whole code into one file Byte
 False. 0 language was created. This language has Does 64 fit into 74?
 0 a small set of commands which represent (often a .exe file). 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 YES! So we add a 1 into the column and
 The shorthand for this is 1 The file can then be run on any computer
 Q = A AND B
 certain pieces of machine code 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 subtract 64 from 74 (leaving 10)
 without the translator needing to be A byte can store one of 256 numbers 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
 0 This helped programmers as they didn’t present.
 0
 have to remember sets of binary code, A group of 4 bits (1/2 a byte) is known as 1 1
 A B Q 0 Can take a long time to compile source
 instead they learnt commands. code as the translator will often have to a… Does 32 fit into 10?
 1 1 1
 e.g. Instead of memorising what 1011 or convert the instructions into various sets Nibble NO! So we add a 0 into the column and
 1 0 0
 1001 meant, they just had to remember of machine code for each different type 8 4 2 1 move on…
 0 1 0 commands like ADD and SUB. 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
 of CPU. 1 1 0 1
 0 0 0 1 1 0
 These commands are known as Interpreter A byte can store one of 16 numbers
 Mnemonics. Converts the source code into Does 16 fit into 10?
 The OR operation Units of sets/groups of binary numbers NO! So we add a 0 into the column and
 1 Assembly language is still quite difficult machine code 1 line at a time.
 The OR gate takes two inputs, to 1 to learn and use and this is why High move on…
 produce a single output. 1 Program therefore runs very slowly. 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
 Level Languages were produced. 8 bits 1 byte 8 (0’s / 1’s)
 The rule for this gate is that if A 1
 Main reason why an interpreter is 1 1 0 0
 OR B are True then the output is 1 (Due to less code, assembly language can used is at the testing / development 1024 bytes 1 Roughly 1000 bytes
 0 be processed by the CPU far more stage. 8192 (0’s / 1’s) Does 8 fit into 10?
 also True, otherwise it is False. kilobyte
 The shorthand for this is 0 quickly than high level languages) Programmers can quickly identify YES! So we add a 1 into the column and
 Q = A OR B 1
 1 errors and fix them. The translator 1024 kilobytes 1 Roughly 1 million bytes subtract 8 from 10 (leaving 2)
 8,388,608 (0’s / 1’s)
 High Level Languages (Python, Java, C++ must be present on the computer megabyt 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
 A B Q 0 etc) for the program to be run. e 1 1 0 0 1
 1 1 1 0
 0 High level code (aka ‘source code’) is far Assembler 1024 1 Roughly 1 billion bytes
 1 0 1 more easy to write and therefore for 8,589,934,592 (0’s / 1’s) Does 2 fit into 2? (we have skipped 4 &1 as they are 0)
 0 1 1 humans to understand. This type of translator is used for megabytes gigabyte
 0 0 0 Its purpose is to be easier to write AND Assembly Language (not High-Level 1024 1 Roughly 1 trillion bytes YES! So we add a 1 into the column and
 STILL be easily translated into machine Languages). gigabytes terabyte 8,796,093,022,208 (0’s / subtract 2 from 10 (leaving 0)
 code. It converts mnemonic assembly 1’s) 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
 language instructions into machine 1024 1 Roughly 1 quadrillion bytes 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0
 code. terabytes petabyte
 9,007,199,254,740,992 (0’s / 1’s)

Knowledge Organiser Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 5

C o m p u t i ng
 Week 5 Week 7 Week 9
 Adding 8-bit binary numbers Hexadecimal Number System Converting Hexadecimal Character Sets Images
 Adding binary numbers is much like adding A fairly small number like 258 (3 digits Converting Hexadecimal into Denary is nice is used to describe the possible Bitmap images are made up of rows of “dots”
 denary numbers (the system we use as long) becomes the massive binary and straight forward… If the hex number was characters that can be represented in a called “pixels” (picture elements).
 humans). number of 100000010 (9 digits!). 13…16 1 computer system. e.g. A a, 123, @!”£,
 Things to remember: Hexadecimal (base 16) is a number 1 3 emoji’s
 system to deal with base two numbers …we simply count the 16’s
 Keep your numbers in the correct columns (binary) but without the long string of together with the number of 1’s (16 +3 =18) Ascii (American Standard Code for
 digits! So the Number 13 (hex) would be 18 (den) Information Interchange)
 0+0=0 0+1=1 1+0=1 the denary number system has the place If the hex number was AF… • Each character is given a binary code
 1 + 1 = 10 in binary 1 + 1 + 1 = 11 in binary values: • Uses 7 Bits this gives 128 possible
 Ten 16 16 1 Fifteen 1’s characters
 100 10 1 A F
 = 101 • Extended Ascii used 8 bits – 256 Each pixel is Behind the scenes, this
 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 1 0 1 characters – enough for the English represented by a 1bit image (with each colour
 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 …and the binary number system has the …we count the 16’s together with the 1’s language binary number. represented by a bit) is in fact
 place values: (10 *16 = 160) + (15*1=15) = 175 • Some codes are reserved for control a series of numbers.
 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1
 1 Converting Denary into Hexadecimal characters (eg TAB, Carriage Return)
 0 4 2 1 We use the following method:
 =5 - Count how many 16s fit into the number Unicode • Stored as Bitmap file as pixels
 1 0 1
 - Place the answer in the 16s column • Unicode has a much larger character set • Each Pixel of Image is made up of a 1 or
 1+1 = 0 carry 1 The hexadecimal number system has the 0.
 - Place the remainder in the 1s column • can represent many more
 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 place values: Example: Convert 46 into Hex characters/characters from all • Following information about image is
 How many 16 1 14 (E is 14
 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 256 16 1 = 257 alphabets stored in file:
 16’s fit 2 E in Hex)
 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 • Uses 16 bits • Width of the picture in pixels.
 1 1 into 46? Remainder? • It uses 2 bytes that give us 216 (65,536 • Number of bits used for each pixel
 2
 1 0 Because the second column is 16, we Chars). • Colour of each pixel.
 count to 15 in the 1s column before we • This is used universally to represent • Image Resolution = The concentration
 (don’t forget the carried 1) 1+1+1= 1 carry 1 can place a 1 in the 16’s column of pixels in an image
 Converting between hex and binary many more languages than our own
 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 • Higher Resolution = More Pixels =
 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 16 1 16 1
 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 A sample of the ASCII Character set Larger File Size
 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 15 1 0
 table: • Lower Resolution = Less Pixels = Smaller
 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 In all number systems, placing two digits File Size.
 1 1 1 in one column is not allowed. • Metadata: data about data - Certain
 0 1 0 1. Split the binary byte into two nibbles
 So in the Hexadecimal Number System 2. The left nibble is your left hex number information must be defined for the
 (don’t forget the carried 1) 0+1+1= 0 carry 1 we have to use new symbols to bitmap image. E.g. width, height, pixels,
 3. The right nibble is your right hex number
 represent 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15. So we 8 4 2 1 8 4 2 1 colours,
 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 use letters! 1 0 0 1 1 1 0 1 • Colour depth: How many bits will be
 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 Base 10 Base 2 Base 16 used to store the colour for each pixel in
 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 9C Dhex = 13den the grid. E.g. 8 bit (1011001) allows 256
 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 9hex = 9den
 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 1001 = 9den 1101 = 13den different colours.
 9hex = 1001 Dhex = 1101
 (Skipped in-between steps) 0+0+1= 1 2 10 2 The greater the colour depth: The more
 3 11 3 realistic colours, The more data needs to
 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 4 100 4 be stored and the larger the file size on
 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 5 101 5
 Convert from Hex to Binary… disk
 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 This is also easy…it is simply the reverse of the
 6 110 6 previous method: Hex: To calculate the size of an image file
 1 1 1 1 1 1
 7 111 7 Step 1 7B based on its colour depth and resolution
 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
 8 1000 8 (convert each
 hex digit into an image which has 10x10 pixels and a 4
 1+1= 0 carry 1(NOTE not enough bits to carry 1) 9 1001 9
 nibbles) 8 4 2 1 8 4 2 1 bit colour depth can be worked out as
 10 1010 A 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 follows.
 If the result of the addition has a 1 in the 9th bit 11 1011 B (10 pixels *10 pixels) = 100 bits
 Step 2
 then Result cannot be held in 1 byte (8 bits) so 12 1100 C (Join the
 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 100 * 4 colour depth = 400 bits
 will need to have a 2nd Byte. 13 1101 D nibbles 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 400 bits / 8 = 50 bytes (8 bits in a byte)
 This is an OVERFLOW ERROR. 14 1110 E together)
 15 1111 F

Knowledge Organiser Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 6

D es ig n & Tech n o l o g y
 Week 1 / 2 Week 3 / 4 Week 5 / 6
 Drawing using symmetry Paper Sculpture Techniques Colour Theory

 Something is symmetrical when it is the same on both Making a model allows designers to visualise and test how a Colour Wheel - A circle with different coloured sections
 sides. A shape has symmetry if a central dividing line (a product looks and performs in 3D and is a great way of used to show the relationship between colours.
 mirror line) can be drawn on it, to show that both sides of checking a product’s viability.
 the shape are exactly the same. Primary Colours - are the three main colours, RED,
 YELLOW and BLUE. They cannot be made but when mixed
 Trace one of the images into your exercise book then together they make all the other colours.
 complete the image by drawing the missing half, ensuring
 that the image is symmetrical. Focus on proportion and Secondary Colours - are made by mixing two primary
 positioning of the legs, antenna and mouth parts. colours together
 YELLOW + BLUE = GREEN
 YELLOW + RED = ORANGE
 RED + BLUE = PURPLE
 Tertiary Colours - are made by mixing a primary and a
 secondary colour together.

 Complementary Colours - are opposite on the colour
 wheel they contrast each other to have a vibrant look
 RED - GREEN TASK -
 BLUE - ORANGE Create a
 YELLOW - PURPLE colour wheel
 clearly
 labelling
 Primary,
 Secondary
 and Tertiary
 colours.

 TASK - Have a go at
 sculpting a BUG using
 as many different paper
 sculpture techniques as
 you can.

Knowledge Organiser Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 7

D es ig n & Tech n o l o g y
 Week 7 / 8 Week 9 / 10 Extension Tasks (all weeks)
 Critical Analysis Critical Analysis Continued Elements of Art
 Critical analysis is responding to, interpreting meaning, Continue your analysis of the Thrussells sculpture “Copper These are the basic elements that are used by
 and making critical judgments about specific works of and Stainless Steel Giant Bee” - Handmade to Order. Look at Artists/Designers in creating Art/Products: they are what
 art/design. the images from Week 7/8 & 9/10 to form your answers. you use to create an aesthetically pleasing piece of work.
 You are going to be analysing the Thrussells sculpture MOOD … When we make Art, we need to understand and apply
 “Copper and Stainless Steel Giant Bee” - Handmade to these seven Elements of Art.
 Order. Look at the images from Week 7/8 & 9/10 to • How does the work make you feel?
 form your answers. • What emotions are being displayed in the sculpture? LINE - A mark made by an implement. Line
 is the path left by a moving point e.g. a
 CONTEXT… • Does the colour or texture affect your mood? pencil, pen or brush dipped in paint.
 • Who made it (artist’s name)? FORM…
 • What date was it made? • What is the work made from? COLOUR - Is one of the most dominant
 elements. It is created by light. There are
 • What is the title? • What colours does the artist use?
 three properties of colour; Hue, Shade/Tint
 • From previous knowledge organiser what do you • Describe the shapes or forms you can see? (values) and Intensity (brightness).
 know about the artist?
 • What kinds of textures can you see?
 CONTENT… TEXTURE - This is relating to the surface
 • What is it a sculpture of? quality, the way something feels or looks
 like it feels.
 • What does the work represent?
 • Is it a realistic or abstract sculpture? SHAPE - The outline or form of something.
 • Does the work tell a story or send a message? An area enclosed by a line. It could be
 just an outline or it could be shaded in.

 FORM - Form is a Thee-Dimensional
 Shape, such as a cube, sphere or
 cone. Sculpture and 3D Design are
 about creating forms.

 VALUE - Degrees of lightness or darkness.
 The difference between values is called
 value contrast.

 SPACE - The distance around and between
 things. How it’s used to create the illusion
 of depth.

Knowledge Organiser Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 8

D ram a
 Week One Week Three Week Five Week Seven Week Nine
 Learn these key skills and say Learn these key skills and say The Lovers Meet Copy the lists of characters
 at the end how you would at the end how you would below, match them up and
 use the these to play a lover. use the these to play a learn them. There is a list of
 gangster Copy out, decorate and characters from ‘Lovers and
 colour this relationship map Gangsters’ followed by a list
 Vocal Skills and explain underneath of Characters from
 Accent : a distinctive way of what is happening? ‘Midsummer Night’s Dream’
 pronouncing a language, Mr Acropolis
 especially one associated Who loves who?
 with a particular country, Karen’s father
 area, or social class. Who doesn’t?
 Karen
 Diction: speaking clearly
 Karen ← ← ← → → → Kevin Kevin
 being sure to pronounce all
 the consonants of each word Physical Skills ↑ . Helen
 so that you can be Actions: the physical
 understood. movements made by actors Jonathan
 ↑ .
 Pace: how quickly or slowly on stage. Don Oberoni
 you speak. Balance: an even distribution ↑ . Learn the Synopsis of
 Pause: a temporary stop of weight enabling the Mario Pucherelli
 when you are speaking. performer to remain stable. Jonathan ← ← ← ← ← Helen Pyramus and Thisbe using
 Rita Oberoni
 Pitch: how high or low your Body language: how you use look, cover, write check
 voice is when you are your body to show something Nick, Construction worker (see other slide in this KO.)
 speaking. - e.g. standing tall to show
 Projection: exaggerating your pride or confidence Rehearse your version of
 voice in order to “send” it to Facial expressions: how you the story.
 an audience. use your face to Demetrius
 Tone: how you communicate communicate an emotion –
 Oberon, King of the Fairies
 emotion and atmosphere e.g. smiling to show
 when you speak. happiness Puck, a sprite-like, fairy
 Volume: how loud or quiet Gestures: how you use your
 Lysander
 your voice is when you are hands and therefore body to
 speaking. communicate- an action with Bottom, Weaver
 meaning. Egeus
 Levels: using different heights
 to communicate a message. Hermia
 Movement: travelling Helena
 creatively around the space
 or moving position. Titania, Queen of the fairies
 Theseus

Knowledge Organiser Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 9

D ram a
 Drama -The Myth Of Pyramus and Thisbe – ‘Lovers and Gangsters’
 The Story
 Pyramus and Thisbe are a couple of young
 Babylonians in love. Unfortunately, their families
 don’t get along with each other. The star-crossed
 lovers whisper sweet nothings through a crack in
 the wall that separates their houses, until they
 eventually can't take it anymore and decide to
 elope.

 But when Thisbe arrives under the mulberry tree
 where they're supposed to meet, a bloody-jawed
 lioness is prowling there. Thisbe screams and
 runs, leaving her shawl behind.

 Pyramus arrives a little while later and finds the
 bloody lioness ripping apart the shawl. Uh oh—
 we can see where this is headed…

 Assuming Thisbe has been devoured, he stabs
 himself with his sword. Later, Thisbe returns,
 figures out the horrible thing that's happened,
 and stabs herself with Pyramus's sword, too.

 To this day, the formerly white berries of the
 mulberry tree are stained red with the blood of
 these tragic lovers.

Knowledge Organiser Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 10

E ng lish
 Week 1: Character and Setting Week 2: Power Week 3: Women Week 4: The Depression Week 5: Prejudice
 Inference: a conclusion based on Hierarchy: a system in which Archetype: a very typical Omniscient: all knowing. Prejudice: a negative perception
 evidence and reasoning. members of an organisation or example of a certain person or or treatment of a specific person
 society are ranked according to thing. or group.
 To aspire (v): to hope to
 relative status or authority. To segregate (v): to isolate or
 Connotation: an idea or feeling achieve something.
 which a word evokes for a To infantilise (v): to treat Aspiration (n): a hope or separate a specific group from
 Conditions: the state or others.
 person in addition to its literal or condition of a place; what a someone like a young child. ambition of achieving
 primary meaning. Segregated (adj): to be isolated or
 place is like. Infantilised (adj): to be treated something.
 separated from others.
 like a young child.
 To domineer (v): to bully or To emasculate (v): to make To oppress (v): to control or
 Semantic field: a group of words To objectify (v): to treat someone weaker or less
 that link to a similar idea or intimidate someone in an subject someone to hardship.
 arrogant way. someone like an object. effective. Oppressed (adj): to be controlled
 subject. E.g. a semantic field of
 Domineering (adj): to be a Objectified (adj): to be treated Emasculated (adj): to be made or subjected to hardship.
 danger: beaten, mottled, flooded,
 bully that intimidates someone like an object. weaker or less effective.
 flame, red.
 in an arrogant way.
 “Guys like us, that work on
 “Both men glanced up, for the
 ranches, are the loneliest guys in “The walls were whitewashed rectangle of sunshine in the “The old man squirmed “Being a stable buck and a cripple,
 the world.” and the floor unpainted.” doorway was cut off.” uncomfortably” he was more permanent than the
 other men”
 “he wore high-heeled boots
 Socio-economic factors: events “I think Curley’s married…a tart”
 and spurs to prove he was not “Candy looked for help from “Well, you keep your place then,
 that influence people’s finances a labouring man.” face to face” n****r. I could get you strung up
 and their relationships with “She had full, rouged lips and on a tree so easy it ain’t even
 others. “He stiffened and went into a wide-spaced eyes, heavily made funny.”
 slight crouch. His glance was at up.” Slim: “I wisht somebody’d
 In 1929, the Wall Street Crash once calculating and shoot me if I get old an’ a “Crooks stared hopelessly at her
 left millions of Americans pugnacious.” cripple” and then he sat down on his bunk
 unemployed. and drew into himself.”
 After WWI, many women
 As more migrants arrived in As a Capitalist country, American
 Migrant workers travelled from entered the workforce for the society in the 1930s was built around The Emancipation Proclamation
 California, there were far more
 all over the country, with over first time. However, with the the idea that people or resources are brought an end to slavery in the
 workers than jobs available. USA in 1863. However, by the 1930s
 half a million heading to Great Depression, many of the only useful if they can generate
 California in search of work.
 This meant that migrant profit or value for business. the vast majority of African
 rights that women had gained
 workers could be paid less Americans in the southern states
 were lost. The Wall Street Crash led to continued to be oppressed.
 Migrant workers, or ‘Okies’ were because they were ‘disposable’
 often met with scorn by widespread bank failures – savings
 In the 1930s, women were The Jim Crow laws of the 1930s
 When he was a young man, that had taken people a lifetime to
 California farmers and natives, broadly expected to return to were designed to segregate black
 achieve were wiped out. With little
 which only made their Steinbeck worked on ranches more traditional roles like of value to offer to employers and and white citizens. They touched on
 dislocation and poverty more himself and saw first-hand how looking after the home, raising having lost their savings, many many aspects of society including
 unpleasant. migrants and migrant workers children and supporting their elderly Americans were left isolated restaurants, waiting rooms, drinking
 were treated. husbands. and emasculated. fountains and burial grounds.

Knowledge Organiser Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 11

E ng lish
 Week 6: Isolation Week 7: Dreams Week 8: The End Week 9: Key Vocabulary Week 10: Academic Phrasing
 Contrast: when two things are Cyclical Structure: a story that Tier 2 Verbs Start with a clear statement of you
 Human Nature: How human
 beings behave. strikingly different from each other. ends in a similar way to how it view and link it to context:
 begins. Domineer: to control or bully. Influenced by…. Steinbeck presents
 To isolate (v): to cause a person To juxtapose (v): to place two the character of XXXXX as XXXXXXX in
 Objectify: to treat like an object.
 to be separated from others. contrasting things side by side. order to skilfully highlight….
 Structural Echo: when an idea or Infantilise: to treat like a child.
 Isolated (adj): to have minimal Juxtaposition (n): when two things are image is repeated in a story. Identify a quotation that proves your
 contact or little in common with put next to each other to emphasise point
 Emasculate: to weaken.
 others. their differences This is perhaps best illustrated
 Segregate: to isolate. when….
 Hostility (n): unwelcoming To foreshadow (v): to warn or give a Denouement: the outcome of a
 clue about what will happen later. situation, when something is Isolate: to separate from others.
 behaviour. Explain what this quotation literally
 decided or made clear.
 Hostile (adj): showing dislike; Foreshadowing (n): a warning or clue means and what you can infer from it
 Aspire: to hope to achieve
 unfriendly. that suggests what might happen later This shows…. which suggests
 something.
 in the text
 Contrast: to compare in a way that Now analyse the methods Steinbeck
 “Candy joined the attack with joy. Lennie: “Live off the fatta the lan’” George: His voice was
 has used
 ‘Glove fulla Vaseline,’ he said monotonous. Had no emphasis emphasise differences.
 Steinbeck’s use of X could indicate….
 disgustedly.” Vs.
 Juxtapose: to directly compare in a
 George: "I think I knowed from the way that emphasises differences. Can you offer a secondary
 “‘S'pose George don't come back Slim: “You hadda George, I swear interpretation of the same method?
 very first. I think I knowed we’d you hadda”
 no more. S'pose he took a powder Foreshadow: to provide a clue Alternatively, this could also show…
 never do her.
 and just ain't coming back. What'll about something that will happen
 you do then?’ Crooks' face lighted Curley’s Wife: “I tell you I ain't Now explain what effect this has on
 later .
 with pleasure in his torture.” used to livin' like this. I coulda made the reader (what does it lead the
 somethin' of myself." She said Academic Descriptors reader to think/ realise/
 “An' what am I doin'? Standin' darkly, "Maybe I will yet." Carlson: “Now what the hell ya understand)
 suppose is eatin’ them two guys?” Indisputably: unquestionably. Steinbeck prompts the reader to …
 here talkin' to a bunch of bindle Crooks: “Nobody ever gets to because…
 stiffs- a n****r an' a dum-dum heaven and nodoby gets no land” Invariably: usually.
 and a lousy ol' sheep- an' likin' it If you haven’t already link this back
 because they ain't nobody else." Arguably: possibly.
 to context
 The American Dream is rooted in The ending of Of Mice and Men Significantly: importantly. This analysis would be further
 All the characters in “Of Mice and reinforced by the context of the
 Men” are presented as lonely in the Declaration of Independence, represents the conflicting
 Notably: importantly. time:
 which proclaims that "all men are philosophies in American society;
 some way, reinforcing Steinbeck’s
 created equal" with the right to "life, the comfort and compassion of Slim Remarkably: worth mentioning.
 message that the Great Now reinforce your point with a
 liberty and the pursuit of compared to the callous disregard
 Depression led to widespread second piece of evidence.
 happiness." for human life illustrated by Paradoxically: absurd or self- Steinbeck’s suggestion that… is then
 hostility and isolationism. Carlson. contradictory. further reinforced elsewhere in the
 In “Of Mice and Men”, Steinbeck In “Of Mice and Men”, Steinbeck “Everyone in the world has a dream text when…
 appears to suggest that the Great
 Diametrically: extremely opposed
 appears to suggest that the Great he knows can’t come off but he
 Depression has made the American to.
 spends his life hoping it may. This is Repeat the steps above to support
 Depression damaged American dream unachievable by creating a clear
 at once the sadness and greatness Unequivocally: leaves no doubt. your argument. Remember to always
 society to the extent that is has contrast between the aspirations or his link back to the question.
 characters and reality of their situation.
 and the triumph of our species” -
 become savage and inhumane.
 John Steinbeck

Knowledge Organiser Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 12

F renc h
 Week 1
 Week 2
 un avocat lawyer (m) Week 3
 célébrer to celebrate, celebrating
 une avocate lawyer (f) organiser to organise, organising
 préférer to prefer, preferring
 le bureau desk, office chacun each person
 on everyone, you, one
 le directeur headteacher (m) l’anniversaire (m) birthday
 la date date
 la directrice headteacher (f) août (m) August
 l’évènement (m) event
 l’emploi (m) job décembre (m) December
 février (m) February
 le serveur waiter juillet (m) July
 janvier (m) January
 le secrétaire secretary (m) septembre (m) September
 juin (m) June
 la secrétaire secretary (f) octobre (m) October
 ambitieux ambitious (m) mars (m) March novembre (m) November

 ambitieuse ambitious (f) mai (m) May général(e) general (m/f)

 prudent(e) careful (m/f) la tradition tradition national(e) national (m/f)

 travailleur hard-working (m) premier first (m) partout everywhere

 travailleuse hard-working (f) première first (f) apporter to bring, bringing
 assez quite quatorze fourteen dit said (pp.)
 quinze fifteen fait did, made (pp.)
 seize sixteen envoyer to send, sending
 trente thirty utiliser to use, using
 treize thirteen maintenant now
 vingt twenty hier yesterday
 l’appartement (m) apartment, flat
 la banque bank
 le marché market
 le passé past

Knowledge Organiser Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 13

F renc h
 Week 4 Week 5

 l’automne autumn emporter to take with, taking with
 l’été (m) summer proposer to suggest (doing), suggesting (doing) Week 6
 l’hiver (m) winter voyager to travel, travelling
 le musée museum traverser to cross, crossing to manage / managing something
 gérer or someone
 le printemps spring
 la frontière border l’espace (m) space
 la place (town) square
 la forêt forest le goût taste
 la saison season
 la montagne mountain la langue language, tongue
 belge Belgian (m/f)
 la vue view le plat dish
 dernier last (m)
 suisse Swiss (m/f) la recette recipe
 dernière last (f)
 la Suisse Switzerland le repas meal
 pendant during
 Genève Geneva d’abord first of all
 la Belgique Belgium
 il y avait there was | there were puis then
 Bruxelles Brussels
 par by
 Week 7 puisque as, because

 le Noël Christmas
 la carte card
 le réveillon Christmas Eve, New Year’s Eve
 le côté side
 à coté de beside
 le foot, le football football droit right
 la guitare guitar gauche left
 l’instrument (m) instrument loin far
 la pétanque boules (a game from the south of France) près nearby
 le piano piano près de close to, near
 à droite on the right
 à gauche on the left

Knowledge Organiser Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 14

F renc h
 Week 8

 acheter to buy, buying
 Week 9
 coûter to cost, costing
 boire to drink, drinking le lait milk
 peser to weigh, weighing
 je bois I drink, am drinking le thé tea
 je pèse I weigh, am weighing
 tu bois you drink, are drinking la viande meat
 il/elle pèse he/she weighs, is weighing
 il/elle boit s/he drinks, is drinking le verre glass
 payer to pay (for), paying (for)
 gagner to win, to earn beaucoup a lot
 l’eau (f) water
 l’argent (m) money un peu a little (bit)
 l’euro (m) euro
 la chance luck
 l’exercice (m) written exercise, physical exercise
 le café café, coffee
 le fromage cheese
 la natation swimming
 Before a noun BAGS
 le pain bread
 beau/belle BEAUTY
 le poisson fish
 le sport sport
 jeune, vieux/vieille, nouveau/nouvelle AGE
 bon(ne), mauvais(e)
 le travail work GOODNESS
 grand(e), petit(e), haut(e)
 Week 10 SIZE

 sortir to go out, to take out la maman mum, mummy
 nous sortons we go out, we take out le papa dad, daddy
 vous sortez you go out, you take out (plural / formal) possible possible
 ils/elles sortent they go out, they take out seul(e) alone (m/f)
 nous venons we come, we are coming sans without
 vous venez you come, you are coming (plural / formal) salut hi, bye
 ils/elles viennent they come, they are coming s’il te plaît please (informal)
 vous you (plural / formal) s’il vous plaît please (formal)

Knowledge Organiser Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 15

Ge o g ra p hy
Knowledge Organiser Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 16

His to ry
 Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5
 The Treaty of Versailles The Great Depression Hitler’s actions 1933-1939 The Second World War – Key The Second World War – Key
 people:
 events part 1:
 In October 1929, the Wall Hitler’s aims:
 Neville Chamberlain: Prime
 Guilt Clause - Article 231 Street Crash happened in the Reunite all German speakers Minister of Britain 1937 – The Evacuation of Dunkirk
 ·War guilt clause – Germany and USA. 1940. (May/June 1940)
 her allies had to take full Undo the Treaty of Versailles
 responsibility for the war. This led to banks and Winston Churchill: Prime The German army had advanced
 Destroy Communism Minister of Britain 1940 – through Europe and pushed
 businesses collapsing, 1945.
 Armed forces unemployment and poverty. back British, French and Belgian
 •The German army was limited Expand German living space troops, before surrounding
 There was also less trade (Lebensraum)
 to 100,000 men. between countries. them at Dunkirk, in France.
 •Conscription banned. Key dates British naval ships and civilian
 •The navy was limited to 6 large The USA recalled their loans boats were able to evacuate
 battleships. from Germany, which meant 1933 - Hitler became around 340,000 troops. The
 •No tanks, submarines or an air that the German economy also Chancellor of Germany. successful evacuation helped
 force. boost British morale.
 collapsed. 1935 - ‘Freedom to Rearm
 •The Rhineland was
 demilitarised. Rally’ showed that the Nazis Battle of Britain (July-October
 Many German people blamed were rearming. 1940)
 their government (called the Adolf Hitler: Leader of the
 Reparations
 Weimar Republic) and turned 1936 - Hitler remilitarised German Nazi Party and
 •Figure was agreed at £6.6 the Rhineland. This made dictator of Germany 1933 – After Dunkirk, Hitler tried to gain
 billion. to extremist and fascist France feel threatened and 1945. control of the air over southern
 •It was estimated it would take parties, such as the Nazis. encouraged Hitler that Britain in preparation for an
 until 1988 to pay back. Britain and France would not Joseph Stalin: Dictator of the invasion. The Royal Air Force
 Hitler and the Nazis promised stand up to him. Soviet Union (Russia) 1928 – fought to defend Britain from
 to provide jobs and food for 1953.
 German land the German Luftwaffe, and were
 people, to fix the German March 1938 - Hitler marched successful, despite having far
 •Lost 10% of land, including into Austria and united Franklin D. Roosevelt:
 Alsace Lorraine back to France. economy and to build a new Germany and Austria – called President of the USA 1933 – fewer aircraft. Hitler postponed
 •The Saar, an important German empire. Anschluss. April 1945. his planned invasion.
 industrial area, put under French
 control (on behalf of League of Many people voted for the Sept 1938 - The leaders of Harry Truman: President of Operation Barbarossa (June
 Nazis and Hitler was invited to Britain, France, Italy and the USA April 1945 – 1953. 1941)
 Nations) for 15 years. Germany met at Munich, in
 •Lost all colonies. become Chancellor in 1933. Germany. They agreed to Dwight Eisenhower:
 •Anschluss (union) was banned give Hitler the Sudetenland. American Army General who This was the codename for the
 with Austria. This was known as the became Supreme German invasion of the Soviet
 Munich Agreement. Commander of the Allied Union (Russia). Despite initial
 League of Nations Expeditionary force in successes, the invasion
 Aug 1939 – The Nazi-Soviet Europe. ultimately failed due to the size
 •Set up to keep peace, but Pact. Germany and the USSR
 Germany was not allowed to of the Soviet army and the
 agreed to not invade each Bernard Montgomery: British German army not being
 join, neither was Russia (the other and split Poland General who was in
 USSR), as they were communist. between them. command of all Allied ground prepared for the freezing
 forces on D-Day. conditions.

Knowledge Organiser Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 17

His to ry
 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 10
 The Second World War – Key The Holocaust – Key words: The Black Civil Rights The Black Civil Rights Revise all topics for your
 events part 2: Movement in the USA – Key Movement in the USA – Key assessment. Focus on those that
 Holocaust: The term for the dates part 1: dates part 2: you are least confident on.
 Pearl Harbour (7 December 1941) torture and murder of about 6
 million Jews by the Nazis from 1863: Abraham Lincoln’s 1963: The March on
 Japan launched a surprise attack on 1933 to 1945.
 the American naval base at Pearl Emancipation Proclamation Washington. Martin Luther King
 Harbour, destroying planes and announced freedom for all gave his ‘I have a dream’ speech.
 ships and killing over 2,000 people.
 Antisemitism: Dislike or hatred of enslaved African Americans.
 This led to the Americans declaring Jewish people.
 war on Japan and joining the Allies. 1896: The Plessey v Ferguson
 Kristallnacht (The Night of the court case upheld segregation
 D-Day (6 June 1944) Broken Glass): An event in between black and white
 November 1938 where Jewish Americans.
 The Normandy landings were when businesses, shops, synagogues
 Allied troops landed on beaches in and homes were attacked in
 Normandy, north western France, Germany.
 with the ultimate aim of pushing 1965: The Voting Rights Act
 back the German army and forcing Ghetto: An area of a city where removed the unfair literacy tests
 them to surrender. It was the Jews were forced to live in
 largest seaborne operation in
 that prevented many black
 horrible conditions. Americans from registering to
 history.
 vote.
 Final solution: The name for the
 Nazi’s plan to exterminate the 1909: The NAACP (the National 1965: Black marchers were
 Jewish population, which began Association for the brutally attacked by the police in
 in 1942. Advancement of Coloured Selma, Alabama.
 People) was founded.
 Labour camps: Prison camps 2008: Barack Obama was
 were inmates are forced to do 1954: The court case Brown v elected as the first African
 hard, physical work. Topeka Board of Education ruled American President of the USA.
 The dropping of the atomic bombs against segregation in schools.
 (August 1945) Death camps: Camps where Jews
 and others were systematically 1955 – 56: The Montgomery Bus
 After the Japanese army refused to killed, usually using gas
 surrender, the USA dropped 2 Boycott was triggered by Rosa
 chambers. Parkes refusing to give up her
 atomic bombs on Japan; the first on
 Hiroshima, killing 70,000 people, seat for a white man.
 Auschwitz: The largest
 and the second on Nagasaki, killing
 36,000. Radiation poisoning
 concentration camp where about
 affected people for years 1.6 million people died. Situated
 afterwards. Japan surrendered on in Poland.
 15 August.
 2020: The killing of George Floyd
 sparked widespread protests as
 part of the Black Lives Matter
 movement.

Knowledge Organiser Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 18

Ho s p ita l i t y & Ca t e r i n g
 Week 1 Week 3 Week 5 Week 7 Week 9
 Micronutrient are the nutrients that Vitamins are needed in minute Minerals are inorganic How Cooking Methods Affect
 are needed in smaller quantities to (tiny) amounts to perform specific (substances such as stone and Nutrients.
 functions and fall into two different
 carry out essential jobs in the body. classes: Fat soluble vitamins and metal that do not come from
 These are vitamins and minerals. water soluble vitamins. Water living things.) substances Boiling at 100oC
 Vitamins and Minerals are soluble vitamins are easily required by the body in small
 destroyed during preparation and amounts for a variety of different - Up to 50% of Vit C is damaged
 chemicals found naturally in food. cooking. when green vegetables are boiled.
 With the exception of Vitamin D, functions.
 which can be manufactured through - Vitamins B1, B2 and B3 are
 Fat Soluble Vitamins A, D, E, K
 the action of sunlight on the skin, Minerals are involved in the damaged by heat and dissolve in the
 vitamins cannot be made by the Vitamin A, also known as retinol, formation of bones and teeth; water.
 Macronutrients are the nutrients body, and must be provided by the has several important functions. they are essential constituents of - Some calcium and sodium is also
 we need in larger quantities that These include: helping your body's body fluids and tissues; they are
 provide us with energy. The diet. natural defence against illness and lost as it dissolves in boiled water.
 infection (the immune system) components of enzyme systems
 macronutrients are: and they are involved in normal
 Protein – Needed for growth of work properly, helping vision in dim When the liquid from boiling is used
 light, keeping skin and the lining of nerve function. The body
 body cells and tissue, repair and some parts of the body, such as the requires different amounts of in things like gravy, 100% of the
 maintenance of all body tissue, nose, healthy.
 providing a second source of energy each mineral; people have minerals and 70–90% of B vitamins
 (the main source of energy in your different requirements, are retained.
 Vitamin D helps regulate the according to their age, sex,
 diet should be from starchy amount of calcium and phosphate
 carbohydrates) Protein can be in the body. These nutrients are physiological state (e.g. Steaming is one of the best cooking
 found in meat, fish, eggs, cheese, needed to keep bones, teeth and pregnancy) and sometimes their
 yoghurt, soya beans, mycroprotein muscles healthy. state of health. The Department methods for preserving nutrients,
 (e.g. Quorn), quinoa of Health has published Dietary including water-soluble vitamins.
 Fats - needed for providing you with Vitamin E helps maintain healthy Reference Values (DRVs) for - It is the best method for
 skin and eyes, and strengthen the
 a concentrated source of energy – body's natural defence against minerals for different groups of conserving Vit C, as only 15% is lost
 1g of fat provides 9kcals of energy, illness and infection (the immune healthy people. as the food is not in direct contact
 system).
 making body cells, keeping the body with the water.
 warm (insulation), protecting organs Some minerals are needed in
 Vitamin K is a group of vitamins larger amounts than others, e.g.
 such as the kidneys, providing the that the body needs for blood Other Methods:
 clotting, helping wounds to heal. calcium, phosphorus,
 fat soluble vitamins: A, D, E and K, There's also some evidence vitamin magnesium, sodium, potassium
 providing the essential fatty acids. K may help keep bones healthy. and chloride. Others are required
 Fats can be visible in some foods, in smaller quantities and are
 such as the fat layer on the outside sometimes called trace minerals,
 Water Soluble Vitamins B1, B2, B3, e.g. iron, zinc, iodine, fluoride,
 of lamb or pork. Fats can also be B5, B6, B7, B9, B12, C
 invisible and cannot be seen – for selenium and copper. Despite
 example, the fat in pastries and Vitamin B12 is involved in helping being required in smaller
 cakes. Liquid foods such as sauces the body: make red blood cells and amounts, trace minerals are no
 keeping the nervous system less important than other
 and gravy often contain invisible fat. healthy, release energy from food, minerals.
 Ccarbohydrate - needed for use folate.
 providing energy, acting as a
 ‘protein sparer’ If the diet is low in Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic Calcium has several important
 carbohydrate, then protein is used acid, has several important functions. These include: helping
 as an energy source. Carbohydrate functions. These include: helping to build strong bones and teeth,
 should stop the use of protein as an protect cells and keeping them regulating muscle contractions,
 healthy, maintaining healthy skin, including your heartbeat, making
 energy source so that the protein blood vessels, bones and cartilage,
 can continue its primary function helping with wound healing sure blood clots normally
 for growth and repair. Found in
 foods such as potatoes, pasta,
 bread, rice.

Knowledge Organiser Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 19

L ife to t he Fu l l
 Year 8 - Life To The Full
 Week 1 Week 3 Week 5 Week 7 Week 9
 Key words to memorise Key words to memorise Key words to memorise Research: Key words for Power
 on RSE on RSE on RSE
 Go to YouTube and search Temptation: the desire to do
 Gender: our characteristics Pornography : visual Bible Project, go to this something (often something
 Physical attraction: being that is wrong)
 attracted to someone and behaviours material of another person page and then search
 physically and wanting to to create sexual stimulus Messiah Apostles: the twelve closest
 be around them Sex: biological differences, for the viewer followers. Means ‘sent out’
 chromosomes, hormones,
 Physical changes: changes sexual organs Consent: Permission for Baptism: symbolic act to
 that happen to your body something to happen publically show your faith in
 Emotional changes: Gender identity: the Jesus
 changes that happen in gender the person Contraception: The
 your emotions identifies with deliberate use of artificial Prejudice: an unfair opinion
 methods or other about someone else made
 Heterosexual: a person Gender expression: the techniques to prevent a without knowing enough
 who is attracted to gender expressed pregnancy about them
 someone of the opposite externally through names, Make notes on this clip.
 sex Blasphemy: great disrespect
 pronouns, looks and Circumcision: Removing You may need to watch it a shown to God or to
 Homosexual / same-sex behaviour the foreskin from the few times. something holy
 couple: a person who is penis
 attracted to someone of Transgender: an umbrella Prophet: a human who is
 the same sex terms for people whose Abortion: the termination given a message from God
 gender identity and gender of a pregnancy Answer the questions:
 Bisexual: a person expression is different to Qur’an: the holy book for
 attracted to both males what they were assigned FGM (Female Genital Muslims
 and females at birth Mutilation): The Why is Jesus such an
 procedure where females’ important part of this Sunni: a group of Muslims
 Stereotypes: a widely held narrative? originally created because
 but fixed and Cisgender: people whose genitals are deliberately they supported Abu Bark
 oversimplified image or gender identity and gender cut, injured or changed. leading Islam after the death
 idea of a particular type of expression match the What did Jesus do?
 of Muhammad
 person or thing sexual organs they were
 born with How did Jesus change the Shi’a: a group of Muslims
 Love: an intense feeling of path of the story? originally created because
 deep affection they supported Ali leading
 Islam after the death of
 Muhammad

Knowledge Organiser Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 20

Math s
 Mathematics
 Homework
 How to login:
 1. Go to ‘www.sparx.co.uk’
 2. Click on ‘Login’ in the top right corner, then on ‘Student Login’.
 3. Search for St Luke’s Church of England School’ in the ‘find your school’ box.
 4. Login with your username and password, which should be written into your sparx book.
 5. Click on ‘Homework’
 Complete your compulsory Sparx homework as follows:
  Write the bookwork code
  You must show your working and your answer.
  Mark your answer.
  If you are struggling, watch the video.
  Your homework is only complete when you have answered every question correctly.
 Your book work should
 look like this.
 You can earn merits for
 good book work, as well
 as completing your
 compulsory, optional and
 target homework tasks.

 Knowledge Organiser Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 21
 Set Due (8am)
 Friday Wednesday
 What if I need help?
 Drop in help is available on Tuesday.

Mu s ic
 Music : 60s & 70s Rock
 The Roots of Rock Music
 Weeks 1 & 2 Weeks 3 & 4
 • The rock music of the 1960s and 1970s originates from the American Rock ‘n’ Roll music of the 1950s. Instruments of Rock
 • Rock and roll was a mixture of rhythm ‘n’ blues and country and western music.
 • Most of these early songs were based on a faster version of the 12 bar blues. The instruments below are those that are most commonly used in
 • This music may seem old fashioned today but caused a lot of trouble when it first emerged. Parents thought it was immoral or even evil.
 Rock music of the 60s and 70s.
 • Rock ‘n’ Roll music was usually up-tempo (fast) with a very clear beat, usually four beats in a bar.
 • The strong beat made the music ideal for dancing.
 • The lyrics of this music appealed to teenagers because they were about teenage issues , such as love, school, cars and summer holidays. • Lead Guitar – this is an electric guitar that plays the tune
 • The songs structure was usually very simple using a verse/chorus structure. • Rhythm Guitar – this is a guitar that plays chords
 • Bass Guitar – this instrument plays the bass line ( the lowest
 pitched part of the music)
 Please learn the following chords from memory so that you are able to find them on the keyboard without any issues.
 • Drums – this instrument sets the tempo and plays rhythms
 You will also notice that next to each keyboard diagram is the name of the chord, how it looks in treble clef notation form and the
 to fit the style of the music.
 pitch names of the notes.
 The main instruments of a drum kit are :
 G A Snare drum, Bass drum, Hi-hat, Tom-toms and Cymbals
 C Major E D Major
 F# • Piano/Keyboard – these instruments can play the melody or
 C D chords to fill out the harmony
 • Synthesizers – they can play any part as they can make the
 B sound of any instrument you want.
 D
 E Minor G G Major B
 E Having learnt all of those you should also expect the unexpected.
 G
 The more bands experiment, the stranger the instruments used
 can become: one band used a stick of celery!

 Weeks 5 & 6 The Beatles Weeks 7 & 8 Sgt. Pepper Weeks 9 & 10 Rock Genres
 The Beatles are probably the most successful band of all Hard Rock:
 • The Beatles stopped touring in 1966 for a variety of reasons which • Loud and aggressive, dominated by a distorted electric guitar.
 time. The members of this band were: included, the punishing schedule, screaming fans and not being able • Bands include Led Zeppelin and the Who.
 John Lennon, Paul McCartney, George Harrison and Ringo to reproduce some songs live. Heavy Metal:
 Starr. • Harder and more distorted than hard rock, with even longer
 • Sgt. Pepper’s Lonely Hearts Club Band is the album they released guitar solos.
 The standard line-up was: after deciding to finish touring. • Bands include Black Sabbath and Iron Maiden.
 John Lennon: Rhythm Guitar and Vocals Glam Rock:
 • The band wanted to get away from their normal style of music. To • This is easier to listen to than the hard rock, it feels more like
 Paul McCartney Bass Guitar and Vocals do this they adopted alter egos and became Sgt Pepper’s Lonely rock and roll and is theatrical and glitzy.
 George Harrison: Lead Guitar and Vocals Hearts Club Band. • Artists include David Bowie and Kiss.
 Ringo Starr: Lead Guitar and Vocals Punk Rock:
 • The album is very experimental and features many different styles. • Harsh and angry music from the 70s – it’s all about anarchy and
 • All four member of the band would sing lead or backing rebellion. Lyrics are often shouted.
 vocals on different songs. • It is a concept album. This means that there is a theme or idea that • Artists include the Ramones and Blondie.
 runs through the entire album. Progressive Rock:
 • The Main songwriters in the band were John Lennon and • Songs were experimental and complicated, with albums usually
 • The album is also full of experimental technology too which is still having a theme. These usually had long instrumental solos or
 Paul McCartney. used to this day. Double-Tracking is one major creation that is still breaks.
 used today. • Artists include Yes and Pink Floyd.
 • Although they are classed as a rock band their style • The overall style of the album is Psychedelic rock. Psychedelic Rock
 changed so much it is impossible to put them into one • Even the album cover reflects the style of the music – it’s colourful • The music uses lots of guitar effects and unusual electronic
 category. and over the top. instruments and effects. Lyrics can be weird and dream like.
 • Styles included : Folk, Classical, and Non-Western Music. • Artists include the Beatles and the Doors.

Knowledge Organiser Year 8 Summer 2021 Cycle Three | Page 22