International Relation and Political Sciences
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International Relation and Political Sciences
(IRPS)
Academic year 2019 - 2020 PROFESSOR
Annabelle Littoz-Monnet
The Politics of Knowledge in Global Governance annabelle.littoz-
monnet@graduateinstitute.ch
RI-SP033- Spring- 6 ECTS
Office hours
Course Description
ASSISTANT
The course will focus on the role of knowledge in global
governance. It will cover the literature on science and
politics produced by political scientists, sociologists
and the interdisciplinariry field of Science and
Technology Studies and examine how these insights
apply to global governance issues. Questions such as
how scientists participate in and influence the policy
process, how scientific knowledge can become a point
of leverage and contention during policy debates and
how to reconcile the need for scientific and
technological expertise on the one hand, and for the
democratic control of science on the other, will be
adressed.
These issues indeed take a specific dimension in
global arenas, where expertise plays a central role as
an information and legitimation mechanism.
Syllabus
Teaching Method:
Classes are in the seminar-format. I will start by introducing the topic, so as to locate the
assigned readings within the literature and broader debates. Class discussions will follow. It
is therefore crucial, for discussions to be fruitful and interesting, that students arrive to class
having read all the suggested articles in the reader. At the end of the class, I will summarise
the main points raised and on some occasions extend discussions by presenting approaches
or perspectives not covered in the readings. Two guest speakers from the policy world will
come and give a presentation as part of the class. On these occasions, the time will be
shared between the guest speaker’s presentation and a ‘questions and answers’ session.
Chemin Eugène-Rigot 2 | CP 1672 - CH-1211 Genève 1 | +41 22 908 57 00 | graduateinstitute.ch
MAISON DE LA PAIXMethod of Assessment:
1.Seminar participation (10%)
You are expected to attend each seminar and regularly participate in discussions. Having
read
the suggested material is essential to your good participation to seminar discussions.
3. In-class exam (40%)
The in-class exam will consist of 3 questions, which you will be able to choose out of a total
of four questions proposed. The questions will focus on the material covered up to week 9 of
the course (readings and material discussed in class)
4. Term Paper (50%)
The final term paper should be related to one of the themes raised during the class. Papers
should be approximately 3000-3500- words in length. You are expected to think
independently about your possible research question for the term paper, but you should
consult with me once you have
proposals in mind. You should have a proposal by week 9, which you should submit to me in
written form by email.
Week 1. Introduction
No readings. The course syllabus, the teaching objectives of the course and the method of
evaluation will be presented.
Week 2. What is Expertise?
Weber, Max (2004). ‘The Vocation of Science’ in The Essential Weber: A Reader,
Sam Whimster, ed. Routledge, pp. 270-287.
Gieryn, T. (1999). Cultural Boundaries of Science: Credibility on the Line. University of
Chicago Press, read book introduction.
Week 3. The Enlightenment Project
Weiss, C. H. (1986). The circuitry of enlightenment: Diffusion of social science
research to policymakers. Knowledge: Creation, Diffusion and Utilization, 8(2), 274–
281
Caplan, N. (1979). The two-communities theory and knowledge utilization. American
Behavioral Scientist, 22(3), 459–470.
Head, B. W. (2013). Evidence-based policymaking—Speaking truth to power?
Australian Journal of Public Administration, 72(4), 397–403.
For further reading:
Weiss, C. H., Murphy-Graham, E., Petrosino, A., & Gandhi, A. G. (2008). The fairy
godmother-And her warts. Making the dream of evidence-based policy come true.
American Journal of Evaluation, 29(1), 29–47.
- Page 2 -Week 4. Epistemic Communities
Haas, P. M. (1992). "Introduction: epistemic communities and international policy
coordination", International Organization 46(1), pp. 1-35.
Davis Cross, M. (2013). ‘Rethinking epistemic communities twenty years later’. Review
of International Studies, 39, pp. 137-160.
Leonard Seabrooke & Eleni Tsingou (2016) ‘Bodies of Knowledge in Reproduction:
Epistemic Boundaries in the Political Economy of Fertility’, New Political Economy,
21:1, 69-89
David Demortain, Experts and the production of international policy knowledge: do
epistemic communities do the job?, Littoz-Monnet, Annabelle (ed). The Politics of
Expertise in International Organizations’, Routledge.
For further reading:
Knorr-Cetina, K. “Scientific Communities or Trans-epistemic Arenas of Research? A
Critique of Quasi-Economic Models of Science,” 101-130
Diana Crane, Invisible Colleges. Diffusion of Knowledge in Scientific
Communities,Chicago & London: The University of Chicago Press, 1979.
Week 5. The Politics of Knowedge Use(s)
Nelkin, Dorothy. (ed.) 1975. ‘The Political Impact of Technical Expertise’, Social
Studies of Science 5: 35-54.
Littoz-Monnet, Annabelle (2015) ‘Ethics experts as a Tool of Technocratic
Governance: Evidence from the EU’s human embryonic stem cell research policy’,
Governance, Vol 28, Issue 3: 357-372.
Christina Boswell (2008) ‘The Political Functions of Expert Knowledge: Knowledge
and Legitimation in European Union Immigration Policy’, Journal of European Public
Policy 15, no. 4: 471-488.
S. Hilgartner (2000) Science on Stage: Expert Advice as Public Drama (Stanford, CA:
Stanford University Press, 2000), Introduction, pp. 3-41.
For further reading:
Nelkin, D. (1995). ‘Science Controversies: The Dynamics of Public Disputes in the
United States’, in: Jasanoff, S., Markle, G. E, Peterson, J. C. and T. Pinch (eds),
Handbook of Science & Technology Studies, Sage Publications, pp. 444-456.
Week 6. International Organizations and Knowledge
Demortain, David (2008). ‘Standardising through concepts: The power of scientific
experts in international standard-setting’, Science and Public Policy 35 (6), pp. 391-
402
Barnett, Michael and Finnemore, Marta (2004). Rules for the World: International
Organizations in Global Politics, Cornell University Press, read chapter 4 ‘Expertise
and Power at the International Monetary fund’, pp. 45-72.
Littoz-Monnet, Annabelle (2017) ‘Expert knowledge as a Strategic Resource:
International Bureaucrats and the Shaping of Bioethical Standards, International
Studies Quarterly, Vol. 61, Issue 3: 584–595.
- Page 3 - Biersteker, Thomas (2014) ‘Scholarly Participation in Transnational Policy Networks:
The case of Targeted Sanctions’ in Mariano E. Bertucci and Abraham F. Lowenthal
(eds.) Scholars, Policymakers and International Affairs: Finding Common Cause
(Baltimore, Md. and London: Johns Hopkins University Press), 137-154.
Week 7. The Politics of Knowledge Quantification
Davis, Kingsbury & Merry (2012). “Indicators as a Technology of Global Governance”
Law & Society Review, 46(1):71-104
Jasanoff, S. (2017). Virtual, visible, and actionable: Data assemblages and the
sightlines of justice. Big Data & Society, 4(2), 2053951717724477.
Sotiria Grek, (2009) “Governing by Numbers: The PISA ‘effect’ in Europe.” Journal of
Education Policy 24, no. 1: 23–37.
Lovbrand, E. and Stripple, J. (2009), ‘Making Climate change governable: accounting
for carbon as sinks, credits and personal budgets’, Critical Policy Studies, Vol 5, No 2,
pp. 187.
For further reading:
Peter Miller. Governing by Numbers: Why Calculative Practices Matter, Social
Research, Vol. 68, No. 2, pp. 379-396
Week 8: The Privatization of Knowledge
Demortain, David. (2015) The tools of globalization: ways of regulating and the
structure of the international regime for pharmaceuticals, Review of International Political
Economy, 22:6, 1249-1275.
Tsigou, Eleni, (2015). ‘Club Governance and the Making of Global Financial Rules’, Review
of International Political Economy 22(2).
Joakim Berndtsson, ‘Security Professionals for Hire: Exploring the Many Faces of Private
Security Expertise’, Millenium, Journal of International Studies, 40(2).
Also to be added: https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/2011-11-09/how-private-companies-
are-transforming-global-public-health-agenda
Week 9. In-class exam
Send your end of semester paper proposal to me by e-mail.
Week 10. The Management of Risk and Uncertainty
Beck, U. (1992). Risk Society. Towards a New Modernity, Sage publications, read
chapter ‘Science beyond truth and Enlightenment’, pp. 156-182.
Smith M. J. (2004) ‘Mad Cows and Mad Money: Problems of Risk in the Making and
Understanding of Policy’, British Journal of Politics & International Relations, 6
(3), 312–32
Litfin, K.T. Framing science: the precautionary discourse and the ozone treaties,
Millenium, vol. 24, no 2.
Clark, L. (2013). ‘Framing the uncertainty of risk: Models of governance for genetically
modified foods’, Science and Public Policy 40 (4): 479-491.
- Page 4 -Week 11. Co-production (May 7t)
Jasanoff, S. ed., (2004). States of Knowledge: The Co-Production of Science and
Social Order, Routledge, read Chapter. 2 ‘Ordering Knowledge, Ordering Society’, pp.
13-45.
Bonneuil, C. and Levidow, L. (2012). ‘How does the World Trade Organization know?
The mobilization and staging of scientific expertise in the GMO trade dispute’, Social
Studies of Science, 42,1, pp. 75-100.
Latour, Bruno, and Steve Woolgar. 1979. Laboratory life: The social construction of
scientific facts. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications. (Chapter 1, Chapter 2 and
Chapter 6) pp. 15-41; 43-103, 235- 263
Foucault power/knowledge (readings TBA)
Week 12. Experts and the Public: A Role for Lay-Citizens? (May 14t)
Guston, D. H. (1999). ‘Evaluating the First U.S. Consensus Conference: The Impact of
the ‘Citizens’ Panel on Telecommunications and the Future of Democracy’, Science,
Technology & Human Values 24(4), pp. 451-82.
Epstein, S. (1995). ‘The Construction of Lay Expertise: AIDS Activism and the Forging
of Credibility in the Reform of Clinical Trials’, Science, Technology, & Human Values
20 (4), pp. 408-437.
Latour, B. (2004). Politics of Nature: How to Bring the Sciences Into Democracy
Harvard University Press, Chapter 2 ‘How to Bring the Collective Together’.
Sebastian Mallaby, (2012) ‘The cult of the expert – and how it collapsed’, The
Guardian, 20 October 20
Week 13. Uses of Ignorance or End of Expertise? (May 21st)
U. Beck and P. Wehling, (2013). “The Politics of Non-Knowing,” Ch. 3 in F. D. Rubio
and P. Baert, eds. The Politics of Knowledge (Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge), pp. 33-57.
McGoey, L. "Strategic unknowns: towards a sociology of ignorance." Economy and
society 41(1): 1-16.
Heimer, Carol. (2012) “Inert Facts and the Illusion of Knowledge: Strategic Uses of
Ignorance in HIV Clinics,” Economy and Society, 41/1:17-41.
William, Davies, and Linsey McGoey. (2012.) "Rationalities of Ignorance: On Financial
Crisis and the Ambivalence of Neo-Liberal Epistemology." Economy and Society
41(1):64-83.
Week 14. Conclusion (May 28h)
Documentary: E. Morris, The Fog of War
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