Uganda Economy Profile - Doing Business 2019
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Doing Business 2019 Uganda
Economy Profile
Uganda
Page 1
Doing Business 2019 Uganda
Economy Profile of Uganda
Doing Business 2019 Indicators
(in order of appearance in the document)
Starting a business Procedures, time, cost and paid-in minimum capital to start a limited liability company
Dealing with construction permits Procedures, time and cost to complete all formalities to build a warehouse and the quality
control and safety mechanisms in the construction permitting system
Getting electricity Procedures, time and cost to get connected to the electrical grid, and the reliability of the
electricity supply and the transparency of tariffs
Registering property Procedures, time and cost to transfer a property and the quality of the land administration
system
Getting credit Movable collateral laws and credit information systems
Protecting minority investors Minority shareholders’ rights in related-party transactions and in corporate governance
Paying taxes Payments, time, total tax and contribution rate for a firm to comply with all tax regulations as
well as post-filing processes
Trading across borders Time and cost to export the product of comparative advantage and import auto parts
Enforcing contracts Time and cost to resolve a commercial dispute and the quality of judicial processes
Resolving insolvency Time, cost, outcome and recovery rate for a commercial insolvency and the strength of the
legal framework for insolvency
Labor market regulation Flexibility in employment regulation and aspects of job quality
Page 2Doing Business 2019 Uganda
About Doing Business
The Doing Business project provides objective measures of business regulations and their enforcement across 190 economies and selected
cities at the subnational and regional level.
The Doing Business project, launched in 2002, looks at domestic small and medium-size companies and measures the regulations applying
to them through their life cycle.
Doing Business captures several important dimensions of the regulatory environment as it applies to local firms. It provides quantitative
indicators on regulation for starting a business, dealing with construction permits, getting electricity, registering property, getting credit,
protecting minority investors, paying taxes, trading across borders, enforcing contracts and resolving insolvency. Doing Business also
measures features of labor market regulation. Although Doing Business does not present rankings of economies on the labor market
regulation indicators or include the topic in the aggregate ease of doing business score or ranking on the ease of doing business, it does
present the data for these indicators.
By gathering and analyzing comprehensive quantitative data to compare business regulation environments across economies and over time,
Doing Business encourages economies to compete towards more efficient regulation; offers measurable benchmarks for reform; and serves
as a resource for academics, journalists, private sector researchers and others interested in the business climate of each economy.
In addition, Doing Business offers detailed subnational reports, which exhaustively cover business regulation and reform in different cities and
regions within a nation. These reports provide data on the ease of doing business, rank each location, and recommend reforms to improve
performance in each of the indicator areas. Selected cities can compare their business regulations with other cities in the economy or region
and with the 190 economies that Doing Business has ranked.
The first Doing Business report, published in 2003, covered 5 indicator sets and 133 economies. This year’s report covers 11 indicator sets
and 190 economies. Most indicator sets refer to a case scenario in the largest business city of each economy, except for 11 economies that
have a population of more than 100 million as of 2013 (Bangladesh, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Mexico, Nigeria, Pakistan, the
Russian Federation and the United States) where Doing Business also collected data for the second largest business city. The data for these
11 economies are a population-weighted average for the 2 largest business cities. The project has benefited from feedback from
governments, academics, practitioners and reviewers. The initial goal remains: to provide an objective basis for understanding and improving
the regulatory environment for business around the world.
More about Doing Business (PDF, 5MB)
Page 3Doing Business 2019 Uganda
Ease of Doing Business in DB 2019 Rank
Region Sub-Saharan Africa
190 1
Uganda
Income Category Low income 127
DB 2019 Ease of doing business score
Population 42,862,958
0 100
City Covered Kampala 57.06
DB 2019 Ease of Doing Business Score
0 100
77.88: Rwanda (Rank: 29)
70.31: Kenya (Rank: 61)
66.03: South Africa (Rank: 82)
59.59: Malawi (Rank: 111)
57.06: Uganda (Rank: 127)
51.61: Regional Average (Sub-Saharan Africa)
Note: The ease of doing business score captures the gap of each economy from the best regulatory performance observed on each of the indicators across all economies
in the Doing Business sample since 2005. An economy’s ease of doing business score is reflected on a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 represents the lowest and 100
represents the best performance. The ease of doing business ranking ranges from 1 to 190.
Rankings on Doing Business topics - Uganda
1
28
55
73 71
82 87
Rank
110 112
109 119
126
136 145
164
163 175
190
Starting Dealing Getting Registering Getting Protecting Paying Trading Enforcing Resolving
a with Electricity Property Credit Minority Taxes across Contracts Insolvency
Business Construction Investors Borders
Permits
Ease of Doing Business Score on Doing Business topics - Uganda
100
80
72.25 73.10
66.73
58.93 60.00 60.60
Score
60 54.99
50.00
39.89
40 34.09
20
0
Starting Dealing Getting Registering Getting Protecting Paying Trading Enforcing Resolving
a with Electricity Property Credit Minority Taxes across Contracts Insolvency
Business Construction Investors Borders
Permits
Page 4Doing Business 2019 Uganda
Starting a Business
This topic measures the number of procedures, time, cost and paid-in minimum capital requirement for a small- to medium-sized limited
liability company to start up and formally operate in each economy’s largest business city.
To make the data comparable across 190 economies, Doing Business uses a standardized business that is 100% domestically owned, has
start-up capital equivalent to 10 times the income per capita, engages in general industrial or commercial activities and employs between 10
and 50 people one month after the commencement of operations, all of whom are domestic nationals. Starting a Business considers two
types of local limited liability companies that are identical in all aspects, except that one company is owned by 5 married women and the
other by 5 married men. The ranking of economies on the ease of starting a business is determined by sorting their scores for starting a
business. These scores are the simple average of the scores for each of the component indicators.
The most recent round of data collection for the project was completed in May 2018. See the methodology for more information.
What the indicators measure Case study assumptions
Procedures to legally start and formally operate To make the data comparable across economies, several assumptions about the
a company (number) business and the procedures are used. It is assumed that any required information is
readily available and that the entrepreneur will pay no bribes.
• Preregistration (for example, name verification or
reservation, notarization)
The business:
• Registration in the economy’s largest business - Is a limited liability company (or its legal equivalent). If there is more than one type
city
of limited liability company in the economy, the most common among domestic firms
• Postregistration (for example, social security is chosen. Information on the most common form is obtained from incorporation
registration, company seal) lawyers or the statistical office.
- Operates in the economy’s largest business city. For 11 economies the data are
• Obtaining approval from spouse to start a
business or to leave the home to register the also collected for the second largest business city.
company - The entire office space is approximately 929 square meters (10,000 square feet).
- Is 100% domestically owned and has five owners, none of whom is a legal entity;
• Obtaining any gender specific document for has a start-up capital of 10 times income per capita and has a turnover of at least
company registration and operation or national 100 times income per capita.
identification card
- Performs general industrial or commercial activities, such as the production or sale
of goods or services to the public. The business does not perform foreign trade
Time required to complete each procedure
activities and does not handle products subject to a special tax regime, for example,
(calendar days)
liquor or tobacco. It does not use heavily polluting production processes.
• Does not include time spent gathering - Leases the commercial plant or offices and is not a proprietor of real estate and the
information amount of the annual lease for the office space is equivalent to the income per
capita.
• Each procedure starts on a separate day (2
procedures cannot start on the same day) - Does not qualify for investment incentives or any special benefits.
- Has at least 10 and up to 50 employees one month after the commencement of
• Procedures fully completed online are recorded operations, all of whom are domestic nationals.
as ½ day - Has a company deed that is 10 pages long.
• Procedure is considered completed once final
document is received The owners:
• No prior contact with officials - Have reached the legal age of majority. If there is no legal age of majority, they are
assumed to be 30 years old.
Cost required to complete each procedure (% of - Are sane, competent, in good health and have no criminal record.
income per capita) - Are married and the marriage is monogamous and registered with the authorities.
- Where the answer differs according to the legal system applicable to the woman or
• Official costs only, no bribes man in question (as may be the case in economies where there is legal plurality), the
• No professional fees unless services required by answer used will be the one that applies to the majority of the population.
law or commonly used in practice
Paid-in minimum capital (% of income per
capita)
• Funds deposited in a bank or with third party
before registration or up to 3 months after
incorporation
Page 5Doing Business 2019 Uganda
Starting a Business - Uganda
Standardized Company
Legal form Private Limited Company
Paid-in minimum capital requirement UGX 0
City Covered Kampala
Indicator Uganda Sub-Saharan OECD high Best Regulatory
Africa income Performance
Procedure – Men (number) 13 7.4 4.9 1 (New Zealand)
Time – Men (days) 24 23.3 9.3 0.5 (New Zealand)
Cost – Men (% of income per capita) 33.6 44.4 3.1 0.0 (Slovenia)
Procedure – Women (number) 13 7.6 4.9 1 (New Zealand)
Time – Women (days) 24 23.4 9.3 0.5 (New Zealand)
Cost – Women (% of income per capita) 33.6 44.4 3.1 0.0 (Slovenia)
Paid-in min. capital (% of income per capita) 0.0 10.0 8.6 0.0 (117 Economies)
Figure – Starting a Business in Uganda and comparator economies – Ranking and Score
DB 2019 Starting a Business Score
0 100
91.39: Rwanda (Rank: 51)
82.41: Kenya (Rank: 126)
81.22: South Africa (Rank: 134)
78.52: Regional Average (Sub-Saharan Africa)
77.18: Malawi (Rank: 153)
72.25: Uganda (Rank: 164)
Note: The ranking of economies on the ease of starting a business is determined by sorting their scores for starting a business. These scores
are the simple average of the scores for each of the component indicators.
Page 6Doing Business 2019 Uganda
Figure – Starting a Business in Uganda – Procedure, Time and Cost
Time (days) Cost (% of income per capita)
14
12
Cost (% of income per capita)
20
10
Time (days)
15
8
10 6
4
5
2
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Procedures (number)
* This symbol is shown beside procedure numbers that take place simultaneously with the previous procedure.
Note: Online procedures account for 0.5 days in the total time calculation. For economies that have a different procedure list for men and
women, the graph shows the time for women. For more information on methodology, see the Doing Business website
(http://doingbusiness.org/en/methodology ). For details on the procedures reflected here, see the summary below.
Page 7Doing Business 2019 Uganda
Details – Starting a Business in Uganda – Procedure, Time and Cost
No. Procedures Time to Complete Associated Costs
1 Submit the Name Reservation Form to the assessment window of the 1 day USH 20,000 + USH
Uganda Registration Services Bureau (URSB) and obtain the bank payment 2,200 bank fee
slip
Agency : Office of the Registrar, Uganda Registration Service Bureau
To reserve a company name, the entrepreneur submits the name reservation
form to the assessment window of the Uganda Registration Service Bureau
(URSB). The clerk returns the application, along with the requisite fee
assessment payable at the bank. The name reservations forms can be
downloaded for free at the following: http://ursb.go.ug/services/business-
registration/forms-for-business-registration/
2 Pay the name reservation fees at the bank 1 day included in previous
Agency : Bank procedure
All nontax payments to government agencies must be made at a bank. Upon
payment of the specified assessment fee, the entrepreneur receives a bank
receipt that is used to complete the name reservation process. The payable fees
include: USH 20,000 for name reservation; and USH 2,200 for the bank service
fee. As of 2017, there are two banks located at URSB, one on the first floor and
one on the sixth floor.
3 Reserve the company name 1 day no charge
Agency : Office of the Registrar, Uganda Registration Service Bureau
The entrepreneur presents the payment receipt at the name search window of
URSB. Upon payment of the required fee, the suggested name is subjected to a
search in the business registry database. If the name passes the similarity,
defensive, offensive, and desirability tests, it is reserved for a period of 30 days.
There are name reservations books where the entrepreneur can search and see
if the name was approved or rejected and for what reasons.
4 Obtain the slip-in for the payment of the registration fee and the stamp duty 1 day no charge
from URSB
Agency : Bank or URSB
Entrepreneurs can now obtain the bank payment advice forms online without
having to go the Uganda Registration Services Bureau. This is because the fee
assessment process can now be done online www.ura.go.ug/payment.do .
Entrepreneurs can also go to the company registry, or to the bank to obtain the
bank payment advice forms.
5 Pay the registration fees at a designated bank 1 day no charge
Agency : Bank
Registration receipts are obtained from the designated bank where the fees are
paid (within 30-40 minutes). Previously, the founder had to pay the fee at the
bank and wait for 3 days to pick up the receipts from the Ministry of Justice.
Page 8Doing Business 2019 Uganda
6 File the registration documents at the Office of the Registrar and Obtain the between 3-5 days see comments
Certificate of Incorporation
Agency : Office of the Registrar
Registration is an administrative process conducted by the Uganda Registration
Services Bureau, which is autonomous from the Ministry of Justice and handles
company registration-related issues. To register, the entrepreneur must submit
the following documents as indicated to the Registration window of URSB:
- A completed application Form.
- Form A1: Statement of Nominal Capital.
- Form S18: Registration form.
- Form A3: Before incorporation, shares are not yet paid for and thus not allotted.
After incorporation, as soon as a company allots its shares, the returns should be
registered within 60 days.
- Form 19: consent to act as a director.
- Form 20: Particulars of the directors and secretary of the company is required
to be filed within 14 days of company registration.
- Form 18: Notice of the situation of the Registered Address of the company. This
form must be filed with the Registrar of Companies within fourteen days of
incorporation.
- Company Resolutions: The Business Registry can register resolutions of the
Company general meetings and board meeting.
Fee schedule for company registration:
- Registration fees: UGX 20,000
- Stamp duty: 0.5 % of the share capital
- Stamp Duty on Memorandum & Articles of Association: UGX 35,000
- Filing Fees: UGX 25,000
- Filing Form A3: UGX 20,000
- Filing Form 7: UGX 20,000
- Filing Form A9: UGX 20,000
Once the documents are submitted and the fees are paid, the applicant will get a
receipt to return to retrieve documents.
7 Obtain a Tax Identification Number (TIN) and Register for taxes at the between 4-6 days no charge
Uganda Revenue Authority
Agency : Uganda Revenue Authority
According to section 14 of the Public Finance and Management Act 2015, all
businesses seeking a trading license or any form of authorization necessary for
purposes of conducting any business in Uganda are required to have a TIN. The
company submits a personal inquiry form for each director, and a corporate
preliminary inquiry form in application for the Tax Identification Number (TIN).
The TIN application can be completed online on the website of the Uganda
Revenue Authority (URA): www.ura.go.ug. The company also registers for VAT if
the company has a threshold of over 50,000,000 shillings according to the Value
Added Tax Act sect. 7.
On uploading the application form online, the system will print the applicant to
print out the online form which has to be signed and submitted it to the nearest
URA office together with Company Form 20 and a copy of the Certificate of
Incorporation of the Company. The Corporate Tax file number is internally
assigned upon approval.
8 Receive inspection of the business premises by the Uganda Revenue 1 day no charge
Authority (URA)
Agency : Uganda Revenue Authority
The business premises undergo inspection by the Uganda Revenue Authority
(URA). Once the applicant calls for an appointment, they will usually come to
your premise the next day if you are available.
9 Obtain trading license 4 days no charge
Agency : Kampala Capital City Authority
The entrepreneur applies for a trade license at the Municipal Authority/Council
Authority where the company premises are located. The trading license is a
general business license required for all companies, including service
companies.
As of January 2015, you can download and print the standard forms online
through the COIN system:https://ecitie.kcca.go.ug/portal/registration/coin-
application-non-individual/. Once online, you complete the standard form A,
which can be accessed online, and submitted to the Municipality or City Council,
along with the relevant company documents, including the memorandum and
articles of association, the name of the directors, the certificate of incorporation,
and the lease agreement. You will then be issued a payment slip to take to the
Bank.
Page 9Doing Business 2019 Uganda
10 Receive inspection of the business premises by the licensing officer and 1 day no charge
obtain the assessment form
Agency : Kampala Capital City Authority
The division of Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA) in the jurisdiction where
the business premises are located does inspection ensuring you have applied for
the trading license, then issues the Trading licenses on behalf of KCCA. Upon
inspection of the company premises, these divisions issue the assessment forms
for the fees payable, which vary with the location of the office. These fees are
regulated by the Trade Licensing (Amendment of Schedule) Instrument, 2011.
11 Pay the license fee at the bank 1 day USH 210,000
Agency : Bank
The founder must pay the relevant license fee at the bank, as follows:
Grade 1
- Carrying out wholesale business: UGX 498,750
- Carrying out retail business: UGX 210,000
Grade 2
- Carrying out wholesale business: UGX 236,250
- Carrying out retail business: UGX 78,750
Once the fees are paid, the Municipal Authority issues the Trading License. This
authority also reserves the right to revoke and cancel the trading license if
deemed necessary by municipal inspections (health and building).
12 Register with the National Social Security Fund (NSSF) 2 days no charge
Agency : National Social Security Fund
The National Social Security Fund (NSSF) is governed by the revised laws of
Uganda, the National Social Security Fund Act Cap 222. The NSSF is a
compulsory saving scheme for private-sector employees between the age of 16-
55 years, non-governmental organizations, and government parastatal bodies
that are not covered by the government pension scheme. Under the Act, all
employers with more than 5 employees are obliged to pay an NSSF contribution
of 10% of the employees gross monthly salary. Registration forms for NSSF can
be downloaded from the NSSF website.
13 Make a company seal 1 day USH 225,000
Agency : Sealmaker
A company seal is mandatory. Section 117 (b) of the companies Act 2012
provides that every Company shall have its name engraved in legible letters on
its seal which shall take the form of embossed metal die.
Takes place simultaneously with previous procedure.
Page 10Doing Business 2019 Uganda
Dealing with Construction Permits
This topic tracks the procedures, time and cost to build a warehouse—including obtaining necessary the licenses and permits, submitting all
required notifications, requesting and receiving all necessary inspections and obtaining utility connections. In addition, the Dealing with
Construction Permits indicator measures the building quality control index, evaluating the quality of building regulations, the strength of
quality control and safety mechanisms, liability and insurance regimes, and professional certification requirements. The most recent round of
data collection was completed in May 2018. See the methodology for more information
What the indicators measure Case study assumptions
Procedures to legally build a warehouse To make the data comparable across economies, several assumptions about the
(number) construction company, the warehouse project and the utility connections are used.
• Submitting all relevant documents and obtaining The construction company (BuildCo):
all necessary clearances, licenses, permits and
certificates - Is a limited liability company (or its legal equivalent) and operates in the economy’s
largest business city. For 11 economies the data are also collected for the second
• Submitting all required notifications and receiving largest business city.
all necessary inspections
- Is 100% domestically and privately owned; has five owners, none of whom is a
• Obtaining utility connections for water and legal entity. Has a licensed architect and a licensed engineer, both registered with
sewerage the local association of architects or engineers. BuildCo is not assumed to have any
other employees who are technical or licensed experts, such as geological or
• Registering and selling the warehouse after its
completion topographical experts.
- Owns the land on which the warehouse will be built and will sell the warehouse
Time required to complete each procedure upon its completion.
(calendar days)
The warehouse:
• Does not include time spent gathering
information - Will be used for general storage activities, such as storage of books or stationery.
- Will have two stories, both above ground, with a total constructed area of
• Each procedure starts on a separate day— approximately 1,300.6 square meters (14,000 square feet). Each floor will be 3
though procedures that can be fully completed
meters (9 feet, 10 inches) high and will be located on a land plot of approximately
online are an exception to this rule
929 square meters (10,000 square feet) that is 100% owned by BuildCo, and the
• Procedure is considered completed once final warehouse is valued at 50 times income per capita.
document is received - Will have complete architectural and technical plans prepared by a licensed
architect. If preparation of the plans requires such steps as obtaining further
• No prior contact with officials
documentation or getting prior approvals from external agencies, these are counted
Cost required to complete each procedure (% of as procedures.
income per capita) - Will take 30 weeks to construct (excluding all delays due to administrative and
regulatory requirements).
• Official costs only, no bribes
The water and sewerage connections:
Building quality control index (0-15)
- Will be 150 meters (492 feet) from the existing water source and sewer tap. If there
• Quality of building regulations (0-2) is no water delivery infrastructure in the economy, a borehole will be dug. If there is
• Quality control before construction (0-1) no sewerage infrastructure, a septic tank in the smallest size available will be
installed or built.
• Quality control during construction (0-3) - Will have an average water use of 662 liters (175 gallons) a day and an average
• Quality control after construction (0-3) wastewater flow of 568 liters (150 gallons) a day. Will have a peak water use of
1,325 liters (350 gallons) a day and a peak wastewater flow of 1,136 liters (300
• Liability and insurance regimes (0-2) gallons) a day.
• Professional certifications (0-4) - Will have a constant level of water demand and wastewater flow throughout the
year; will be 1 inch in diameter for the water connection and 4 inches in diameter for
the sewerage connection.
Page 11Doing Business 2019 Uganda
Dealing with Construction Permits - Uganda
Standardized Warehouse
Estimated value of warehouse UGX 104,346,563.70
City Covered Kampala
Indicator Uganda Sub-Saharan OECD high Best Regulatory
Africa income Performance
Procedures (number) 18 14.7 12.7 None in 2017/18
Time (days) 114 145.7 153.1 None in 2017/18
Cost (% of warehouse value) 8.1 8.8 1.5 None in 2017/18
Building quality control index (0-15) 8.0 8.5 11.5 15.0 (3 Economies)
Figure – Dealing with Construction Permits in Uganda and comparator economies – Ranking and Score
DB 2019 Dealing with Construction Permits Score
0 100
68.25: South Africa (Rank: 96)
67.01: Rwanda (Rank: 106)
63.49: Kenya (Rank: 128)
61.17: Malawi (Rank: 136)
58.93: Uganda (Rank: 145)
58.59: Regional Average (Sub-Saharan Africa)
Note: The ranking of economies on the ease of dealing with construction permits is determined by sorting their scores for dealing with
construction permits. These scores are the simple average of the scores for each of the component indicators.
Figure – Dealing with Construction Permits in Uganda – Procedure, Time and Cost
Time (days) Cost (% of warehouse value)
6
100
5
Cost (% of warehouse value)
80
4
Time (days)
60
3
40 2
20 1
0 0
1 2 *3 *4 5 6 7 *8 9 10 11 12 13 14 * 15 16 17 * 18
Procedures (number)
* This symbol is shown beside procedure numbers that take place simultaneously with the previous procedure.
Note: Online procedures account for 0.5 days in the total time calculation. For economies that have a different procedure list for men and
women, the graph shows the time for women. For more information on methodology, see the Doing Business website
(http://doingbusiness.org/en/methodology ). For details on the procedures reflected here, see the summary below.
Page 12Doing Business 2019 Uganda
Figure – Dealing with Construction Permits in Uganda and comparator economies – Measure of Quality
15 14.0
12.0
Index score 9.5
10 9.0
8.0 8.5
5
0
Uganda Kenya Malawi Rwanda South Africa Sub-Saharan Africa
Details – Dealing with Construction Permits in Uganda – Procedure, Time and Cost
No. Procedures Time to Complete Associated Costs
1 Hire an independent private company to prepare the environmental impact 21 days UGX 5,000,000
assessement
Agency : Private Company
Preparation of the environmental impact assessment (EIA) is carried out by
independent private firms recognized and licensed by National Environment
Management Authority. Fees are incurred for the preparation of the EIA; the cost
would range from UGX 5,000,000 to UGX 15,000,000, depending on the project
complexity and site conditions.
2 Obtain a search letter from the KCCA 7 days UGX 10,000
Agency : Kampala Capital City Authority
A search letter is first carried out to ascertain the ownership of the land and that
there are no encumbrances on this land. It must be no more than 3 months old.
Once this confirmation is received, the process of requesting a building permit
may start.
3 Request and obtain approval from National Environment Management 21 days UGX 1,250,000
Authority (NEMA)
Agency : National Environment Management Authority
NEMA requires an environmental impact assessment preliminary report to be
undertaken on a project prior to its construction. Only consultants registered by
NEMA are allowed to provide environmental impact assessment submissions,
whether as an EIA project report or a full EIA study. The lead environmental
expert must be registered with NEMA.
The environmental consultant requires to provide a complete set of architectural
drawings to accompany the compiled EIA project report.
4 Receive onsite inspection by members of NEMA 1 day no charge
Agency : National Environment Management Authority
5 Obtain assessment of the plans by Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA) 3 days no charge
Agency : Kampala Capital City Authority
KCCA provides a preliminary assessment or screening of the general plans.
KCCA gives feedback on the planning process for the project before proceeding
to the next approval stage of the full plan.
6 Request and obtain approval of plans and receive building permit 30 days UGX 1,460,600
Agency : Kampala Capital City Authority
All construction sites are required to provide for hoarding around the site of the
works for the duration of the construction period.
A Technical Review Team (TRT) comprising of engineers, physical planners,
environmental officers, and architects has been developed to visit the
construction site within one week after the application has been submitted. They
are expected to start conducting inspections in the coming year.
7 Request and obtain hoarding permit 14 days no charge
Agency : Kampala Capital City Authority
The hoarding permit requires a separate application. It takes on average 2 weeks
after the application to be obtained. KCCA calls the customer to pick up the
permit.
8 Request and obtain the "job card" 14 days no charge
Agency : Kampala Capital City Authority
The constructor will apply for a job card, which is basically a commencement of
work. KCCA will inspect the construction site and then will give a letter to
commence construction and also a “Job Card” which is then signed during the
various stages of construction inspection.
Page 13Doing Business 2019 Uganda
9 Notify and receive inspection after building foundation work 1 day no charge
Agency : Kampala Capital City Authority
There are several main inspections during construction:
1. First inspection is during the pouring of the foundation
2. Second inspection is during the installation of steel bars and foundation
concrete
3. Floor inspection – for each floor, during the critical elements of building – ie,
suspended floor columns.
4. Inspection after drainage and damp proofing work (this inspection might not
happen often in practice)
10 Notify and receive inspection after structural work 1 day no charge
Agency : Kampala Capital City Authority
BuildCo calls KCCA to inform of completion of each stage of construction and the
inspectors come and inspect and sign on job card. Inspectors are usually
available and inspect within 2-3 days of being called.
11 Notify and receive inspection after the completion of the first floor 1 day no charge
Agency : Kampala Capital City Authority
BuildCo calls KCCA to inform of completion of each stage of construction and the
inspectors come and inspect and sign on job card. Inspectors are usually
available and inspect within 2-3 days of being called.
12 Notify and receive inspection after the completion of the second floor 1 day no charge
Agency : Kampala Capital City Authority
BuildCo calls KCCA to inform of completion of each stage of construction and the
inspectors come and inspect and sign on job card. Inspectors are usually
available and inspect within 2-3 days of being called.
13 Notify and receive inspection after drainage and damp proofing work 1 day no charge
Agency : Kampala Capital City Authority
BuildCo calls KCCA to inform of completion of each stage of construction and the
inspectors come and inspect and sign on job card. Inspectors are usually
available and inspect within 2-3 days of being called.
14 Notify of the completion of construction and receive a final inspection 1 day no charge
Agency : Kampala Capital City Authority
BuildCo calls KCCA to inform of completion of each stage of construction and the
inspectors come and inspect and sign on job card. Inspectors are usually
available and inspect within 2-3 days of being called.
Request provision of water and sewerage services 1 day UGX 600,000
15 Agency : National Water & Sewerage Corporation
New connection can be applied for online.The information entered is processed
and a surveyor sent to the customer's premise to determine the material
requirements. Connection expenses are calculated by the surveyor based on the
connection type, distance from the mains, whether it is a new connection or a
separation of account. NWSC caters for connection expenses within 50 meters,
beyond that, the customer caters for any extra meters. The customer is given a
payment advise slip and pays new connection fees, whose amount depends on
the size of the service for instance, ½, ¾, 1 inch connection. When all the above
has been done the customer is connected to NWSC service(s) by staff in charge.
No official fee schedule, cost is calculated by NWSC based on the connection.
16 Receive survey inspection from the National Water & Sewerage 1 day no charge
Corporation
Agency : National Water & Sewerage Corporation
17 Connect to water and sewerage 14 days no charge
Agency : National Water & Sewerage Corporation
Request and obtain occupation permit 14 days UGX 80,000
18 Agency : Local Authority
BuildCo submits a signed certificate to the local authority stating that the building
has been constructed in compliance with the approved plans. It can then receive
the occupation permit.
Takes place simultaneously with previous procedure.
Page 14Doing Business 2019 Uganda
Details – Dealing with Construction Permits in Uganda – Measure of Quality
Answer Score
Building quality control index (0-15) 8.0
Quality of building regulations index (0-2) 1.0
How accessible are building laws and regulations in your economy? (0-1) Available online; 1.0
Free of charge.
Which requirements for obtaining a building permit are clearly specified in the building List of required 0.0
regulations or on any accessible website, brochure or pamphlet? (0-1) documents.
Quality control before construction index (0-1) 1.0
Which third-party entities are required by law to verify that the building plans are in Licensed 1.0
compliance with existing building regulations? (0-1) architect;
Licensed
engineer.
Quality control during construction index (0-3) 2.0
What types of inspections (if any) are required by law to be carried out during construction? Inspections at 1.0
(0-2) various phases.
Do legally mandated inspections occur in practice during construction? (0-1) Mandatory 1.0
inspections are
always done in
practice.
Quality control after construction index (0-3) 3.0
Is there a final inspection required by law to verify that the building was built in accordance Yes, final 2.0
with the approved plans and regulations? (0-2) inspection is
done by
government
agency.
Do legally mandated final inspections occur in practice? (0-1) Final inspection 1.0
always occurs in
practice.
Liability and insurance regimes index (0-2) 0.0
Which parties (if any) are held liable by law for structural flaws or problems in the building No party is held 0.0
once it is in use (Latent Defect Liability or Decennial Liability)? (0-1) liable under the
law.
Which parties (if any) are required by law to obtain an insurance policy to cover possible No party is 0.0
structural flaws or problems in the building once it is in use (Latent Defect Liability Insurance required by law
or Decennial Insurance)? (0-1) to obtain
insurance .
Professional certifications index (0-4) 1.0
What are the qualification requirements for the professional responsible for verifying that the University degree 1.0
architectural plans or drawings are in compliance with existing building regulations? (0-2) in architecture or
engineering;
Being a
registered
architect or
engineer.
What are the qualification requirements for the professional who supervises the construction University degree 0.0
on the ground? (0-2) in engineering,
construction or
construction
management.
Page 15Doing Business 2019 Uganda
Getting Electricity
This topic measures the procedures, time and cost required for a business to obtain a permanent electricity connection for a newly
constructed warehouse. Additionally, the reliability of supply and transparency of tariffs index measures reliability of supply, transparency of
tariffs and the price of electricity. The most recent round of data collection for the project was completed in May 2018. See the methodology
for more information.
What the indicators measure Case study assumptions
Procedures to obtain an electricity connection To make the data comparable across economies, several assumptions about the
(number) warehouse, the electricity connection and the monthly consumption are used.
• Submitting all relevant documents and obtaining The warehouse:
all necessary clearances and permits
- Is owned by a local entrepreneur and is used for storage of goods.
• Completing all required notifications and - Is located in the economy’s largest business city. For 11 economies the data are
receiving all necessary inspections
also collected for the second largest business city.
• Obtaining external installation works and possibly - Is located in an area where similar warehouses are typically located and is in an
purchasing material for these works area with no physical constraints. For example, the property is not near a railway.
- Is a new construction and is being connected to electricity for the first time.
• Concluding any necessary supply contract and
- Has two stories with a total surface area of approximately 1,300.6 square meters
obtaining final supply
(14,000 square feet). The plot of land on which it is built is 929 square meters
Time required to complete each procedure (10,000 square feet).
(calendar days)
The electricity connection:
• Is at least 1 calendar day
- Is a permanent one with a three-phase, four-wire Y connection with a subscribed
• Each procedure starts on a separate day capacity of 140-kilo-volt-ampere (kVA) with a power factor of 1, when 1 kVA = 1
• Does not include time spent gathering kilowatt (kW).
information - Has a length of 150 meters. The connection is to either the low- or medium-voltage
distribution network and is either overhead or underground, whichever is more
• Reflects the time spent in practice, with little common in the area where the warehouse is located and requires works that involve
follow-up and no prior contact with officials
the crossing of a 10-meter road (such as by excavation or overhead lines) but are all
Cost required to complete each procedure (% of carried out on public land. There is no crossing of other owners’ private property
income per capita) because the warehouse has access to a road.
- Does not require work to install the internal wiring of the warehouse. This has
• Official costs only, no bribes already been completed up to and including the customer’s service panel or
• Value added tax excluded switchboard and the meter base.
The reliability of supply and transparency of The monthly consumption:
tariffs index (0-8)
- It is assumed that the warehouse operates 30 days a month from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00
• Duration and frequency of power outages (0–3) p.m. (8 hours a day), with equipment utilized at 80% of capacity on average and that
• Tools to monitor power outages (0–1) there are no electricity cuts (assumed for simplicity reasons) and the monthly energy
consumption is 26,880 kilowatt-hours (kWh); hourly consumption is 112 kWh.
• Tools to restore power supply (0–1) - If multiple electricity suppliers exist, the warehouse is served by the cheapest
• Regulatory monitoring of utilities’ performance supplier.
(0–1) - Tariffs effective in January of the current year are used for calculation of the price of
electricity for the warehouse. Although January has 31 days, for calculation
• Financial deterrents limiting outages (0–1) purposes only 30 days are used.
• Transparency and accessibility of tariffs (0–1)
Price of electricity (cents per kilowatt-hour)*
• Price based on monthly bill for commercial
warehouse in case study
*Note: Doing Business measures the price of
electricity, but it is not included in the ease of doing
business score nor the ranking on the ease of
getting electricity.
Page 16Doing Business 2019 Uganda
Getting Electricity - Uganda
Standardized Connection
Price of electricity (US cents per kWh) 17.1
Name of utility Umeme
City Covered Kampala
Indicator Uganda Sub-Saharan OECD high Best Regulatory
Africa income Performance
Procedures (number) 6 5.2 4.5 3 (25 Economies)
Time (days) 66 112.0 77.2 18 (3 Economies)
Cost (% of income per capita) 7513.6 3456.5 64.2 0.0 (3 Economies)
Reliability of supply and transparency of tariff 0 1.6 7.5 8.0 (27 Economies)
index (0-8)
Figure – Getting Electricity in Uganda and comparator economies – Ranking and Score
DB 2019 Getting Electricity Score
0 100
78.72: Rwanda (Rank: 68)
76.80: Kenya (Rank: 75)
68.79: South Africa (Rank: 109)
49.00: Regional Average (Sub-Saharan Africa)
44.40: Malawi (Rank: 169)
34.09: Uganda (Rank: 175)
Note: The ranking of economies on the ease of getting electricity is determined by sorting their scores for getting electricity. These scores are
the simple average of the scores for all the component indicators except the price of electricity.
Page 17Doing Business 2019 Uganda
Figure – Getting Electricity in Uganda – Procedure, Time and Cost
Time (days) Cost (% of income per capita)
8000
60
7000
Cost (% of income per capita)
50 6000
Time (days)
40 5000
4000
30
3000
20
2000
10
1000
0 0
1 2 3 *4 5 6
Procedures (number)
* This symbol is shown beside procedure numbers that take place simultaneously with the previous procedure.
Note: Online procedures account for 0.5 days in the total time calculation. For economies that have a different procedure list for men and
women, the graph shows the time for women. For more information on methodology, see the Doing Business website
(http://doingbusiness.org/en/methodology ). For details on the procedures reflected here, see the summary below.
Figure – Getting Electricity in Uganda and comparator economies – Measure of Quality
8
7
6
Index score
5
5
4 4
4
3
2 1.6
1
0 0
0
Uganda Kenya Malawi Rwanda South Africa Sub-Saharan Africa
Page 18Doing Business 2019 Uganda
Details – Getting Electricity in Uganda – Procedure, Time and Cost
No. Procedures Time to Complete Associated Costs
1 Submit application letter to UMEME and await site visit 7 calendar days UGX 0
Agency : UMEME
Licensed contractor, with valid Installation permit from Electricity Regulatory
Authority (ERA) on team provides a wiring certificate, confirming that all wiring
has been done as per code. Application form will include details such as name,
zone, type of service; whether domestic, commercial or otherwise, telephone
number etc. The passport size photo and the Wiring Certificate will be attached
to this form. The customer is also required to sign a declaration form at the back
of the application form. This form states the conditions of supply. Where Way-
Leaves are required, the letter of consent will be issued and both the person
authorizing and the prospective customer will be required to sign on it. If it’s a
company, the company official stamp will suffice instead of a passport photo;
There is a requirement for a simple location sketch of the premises highlighting
nearby other major known installations.
2 Receive external site inspection by UMEME and await estimate 15 calendar days UGX 118,000
Agency : UMEME
Umeme inspects the premises of the client to verify the requirement and the
existing infrastructure. There is a specific inspector/surveyor for industrial
connection. There is only one to cover all the country. There are 6 others who
cover the 6 regions of Uganda for simple connections. The surveyor draws the
route of the power lines. Since there is no planning of the city, there is some
delay in determining the roads as it often cross private property. In that case,
Umeme helps the client to obtain a way leave.
Umeme receives around 30 requests by month; amongst them 10 require the
surveyor. Once the route is determined, the surveyor lists the required materials
and does the drawings for the extension of the MV network. The costing is then
done by planning engineers for the low voltage and by the central planning
department for the medium voltage. The quotation is then given to the customer
with the list of materials and the labor costs for the connection. The customer can
now choose an electrical contractor to do the works. There is a list of prequalified
contractors by Umeme. There have been over 40 contractors approved in the
past years.
3 Hire private electrical contractor to carry out external works 30 calendar days UGX 150,800,000
Agency : Electrical Contractor
The approval of the plans is done at the planning department. Once the plans are
approved, the contractor starts the construction of the connection. The approval
of the plans is very fast as the contractors have been working closely with the
planning department.
Once the construction begins or the contractor notifies the planning department
who will transmit the file to the local office.
4 Obtain test of distribution transformer by UMEME 7 calendar days UGX 800,000
Agency : UMEME
The client has to bring the transformer to Umeme workshop in order to test it.
5 Submit inspection fee to UMEME and receive internal wiring inspection 7 calendar days UGX 118,000
Agency : UMEME
This is the fee for the site inspection, and needs to be paid at the utility in cash.
The installation inspector/surveyor will visit the site to verify whether the wiring
conforms to the requirements of the company. This will take about 3 days. The
customer pays for inspection fee to the Utility company and you be allocated an
Engineer who handles the file within a period of one week. This is paid to the
Utility company cash office.
6 Pay security deposit and capital contributions, receive meter installation 7 calendar days UGX 4,967,731.73
and electricity flow from UMEME
Agency : UMEME
All payments made in cash at the utility, at the bank counter. Two separate
payments are made – one for capital contribution and one for security deposit
and the two receipts are then given at respective counters in the utility. Once all
payments are made, the utility gives an account number and instructions are sent
to connections department.
Cost breakdown is as follows: One pole service 3 phase, the cost varies
depending on the distance, present value lost on interests to the security deposit,
transformer structure; Distribution transformer; LV Cable cost; and labor cost of
transformer structure. Utility conducts all external connection works and meter
installation.
Takes place simultaneously with previous procedure.
Page 19Doing Business 2019 Uganda
Details – Getting Electricity in Uganda – Measure of Quality
Answer
Reliability of supply and transparency of tariff index (0-8) 0
Total duration and frequency of outages per customer a year (0-3) 0
System average interruption duration index (SAIDI) 59.3
System average interruption frequency index (SAIFI) 42.2
What is the minimum outage time (in minutes) that the utility considers for the calculation of SAIDI/SAIFI 6.0
Mechanisms for monitoring outages (0-1) 1
Does the distribution utility use automated tools to monitor outages? Yes
Mechanisms for restoring service (0-1) 1
Does the distribution utility use automated tools to restore service? Yes
Regulatory monitoring (0-1) 1
Does a regulator—that is, an entity separate from the utility—monitor the utility’s performance on reliability of Yes
supply?
Financial deterrents aimed at limiting outages (0-1) 0
Does the utility either pay compensation to customers or face fines by the regulator (or both) if outages No
exceed a certain cap?
Communication of tariffs and tariff changes (0-1) 1
Are effective tariffs available online? Yes
Link to the website, if available online https://www.umeme.
co.ug/file/Tariffs.pdf
Are customers notified of a change in tariff ahead of the billing cycle? Yes
Note:
If the duration and frequency of outages is 100 or less, the economy is eligible to score on the Reliability of supply and transparency of tariff
index.
If the duration and frequency of outages is not available, or is over 100, the economy is not eligible to score on the index.
If the minimum outage time considered for SAIDI/SAIFI is over 5 minutes, the economy is not eligible to score on the index.
Page 20Doing Business 2019 Uganda
Registering Property
This topic examines the steps, time and cost involved in registering property, assuming a standardized case of an entrepreneur who wants to
purchase land and a building that is already registered and free of title dispute. In addition, the topic also measures the quality of the land
administration system in each economy. The quality of land administration index has five dimensions: reliability of infrastructure, transparency
of information, geographic coverage, land dispute resolution, and equal access to property rights. The most recent round of data collection for
the project was completed in May 2018. See the methodology for more information.
What the indicators measure Case study assumptions
Procedures to legally transfer title on To make the data comparable across economies, several assumptions about the
immovable property (number) parties to the transaction, the property and the procedures are used.
• Preregistration procedures (for example, The parties (buyer and seller):
checking for liens, notarizing sales agreement,
paying property transfer taxes) - Are limited liability companies (or the legal equivalent).
- Are located in the periurban area of the economy’s largest business city. For 11
• Registration procedures in the economy's largest economies the data are also collected for the second largest business city.
business city.
- Are 100% domestically and privately owned.
• Postregistration procedures (for example, filling - Have 50 employees each, all of whom are nationals.
title with municipality) - Perform general commercial activities.
Time required to complete each procedure The property (fully owned by the seller):
(calendar days)
- Has a value of 50 times income per capita, which equals the sale price.
• Does not include time spent gathering - Is fully owned by the seller.
information - Has no mortgages attached and has been under the same ownership for the past
• Each procedure starts on a separate day - 10 years.
though procedures that can be fully completed - Is registered in the land registry or cadastre, or both, and is free of title disputes.
online are an exception to this rule - Is located in a periurban commercial zone, and no rezoning is required.
- Consists of land and a building. The land area is 557.4 square meters (6,000
• Procedure is considered completed once final square feet). A two-story warehouse of 929 square meters (10,000 square feet) is
document is received
located on the land. The warehouse is 10 years old, is in good condition, has no
• No prior contact with officials heating system and complies with all safety standards, building codes and legal
requirements. The property, consisting of land and building, will be transferred in its
Cost required to complete each procedure (% of entirety.
property value) - Will not be subject to renovations or additional construction following the purchase.
• Official costs only (such as administrative fees, - Has no trees, natural water sources, natural reserves or historical monuments of
duties and taxes). any kind.
- Will not be used for special purposes, and no special permits, such as for
• Value Added Tax, Capital Gains Tax and illicit residential use, industrial plants, waste storage or certain types of agricultural
payments are excluded activities, are required.
- Has no occupants, and no other party holds a legal interest in it.
Quality of land administration index (0-30)
• Reliability of infrastructure index (0-8)
• Transparency of information index (0–6)
• Geographic coverage index (0–8)
• Land dispute resolution index (0–8)
• Equal access to property rights index (-2–0)
Page 21Doing Business 2019 Uganda
Registering Property - Uganda
Indicator Uganda Sub-Saharan OECD high Best Regulatory
Africa income Performance
Procedures (number) 10 6.2 4.7 1 (4 Economies)
Time (days) 42 53.9 20.1 1 (New Zealand)
Cost (% of property value) 3.1 7.6 4.2 0.0 (Saudi Arabia)
Quality of the land administration index (0-30) 10.5 8.8 23.0 None in 2017/18
Figure – Registering Property in Uganda and comparator economies – Ranking and Score
DB 2019 Registering Property Score
0 100
93.70: Rwanda (Rank: 2)
65.12: Malawi (Rank: 83)
59.32: South Africa (Rank: 106)
55.97: Kenya (Rank: 122)
54.99: Uganda (Rank: 126)
52.62: Regional Average (Sub-Saharan Africa)
Note: The ranking of economies on the ease of registering property is determined by sorting their scores for registering property. These
scores are the simple average of the scores for each of the component indicators.
Figure – Registering Property in Uganda – Procedure, Time and Cost
Time (days) Cost (% of property value)
1.6
40
1.4
35
Cost (% of property value)
1.2
30
Time (days)
1
25
0.8
20
15 0.6
10 0.4
5 0.2
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Procedures (number)
* This symbol is shown beside procedure numbers that take place simultaneously with the previous procedure.
Note: Online procedures account for 0.5 days in the total time calculation. For economies that have a different procedure list for men and
women, the graph shows the time for women. For more information on methodology, see the Doing Business website
(http://doingbusiness.org/en/methodology ). For details on the procedures reflected here, see the summary below.
Page 22Doing Business 2019 Uganda
Figure – Registering Property in Uganda and comparator economies – Measure of Quality
30 28.5
25
Index score
20
16.0 15.0
15
10.5 10.5
10 8.8
5
0
Uganda Kenya Malawi Rwanda South Africa Sub-Saharan Africa
Details – Registering Property in Uganda – Procedure, Time and Cost
No. Procedures Time to Complete Associated Costs
1 Request a search and obtain Consent form to transfer at the Registry of 1 day Paid in procedure 2
Lands
Agency : Registry of Lands
The process starts by requesting a search of the property in the Registry of
Lands. The requester has to fill out a form indicating the details of the property to
be searched. The Registry gives a Bank Advice Form (BAF) with the amount to
be paid at the Commercial Bank. The Consent Form has a dual purpose;
because it is the same form that is used for the payment of taxes, so even in
instances where the land is owned in freehold, and there is no need to obtain
consent to transfer, the same form will be used to determine tax payments owed.
2 Pay Search Fee at designated Commercial Bank 1 day UGX 25,000; (UGX
Agency : Commercial Bank 25,000 (UGX 10,000
To facilitate the process for paying fees, the government allows now citizens to search fee + UGX
pay at one of the designated pool of commercial banks. For every procedure in
2,500 bank fee, UGX
which fees are paid, the user has to go first to the Land Registry to obtain the
10,000 Consent fee +
Bank Advice Form (BAF) with the amount to be paid, and then go to the bank for
UGX 2,500 bank fee))
paying the BAF plus the bank fees. The receipt should be presented later at the
Land Registry to complete the procedure. Since all official fees are now paid at
more than one bank, citizens do not need to pay and come back the following
day to obtain the receipt.
3 Conduct a search at the Registry of Lands 5 days Paid in procedure 2
Agency : Registry of Lands
Parties conduct the search at the Registry of Lands. The receipt with the
payment of the search fee from the bank must be presented. At this time one
also picks up the consent to transfer application.
4 Lawyer drafts sale agreement 1 day UGX 1,565,198.46;
Agency : Lawyer (1% - 2% property
It is not mandatory to hire a lawyer to draw up the sale agreement or conduct the value (to conduct
transaction, but it is common practice.
entire transaction))
5 Valuation of property for transfer purposes by Chief Government Valuer's 14 days no charge
Office
Agency : Chief Government Valuer office
A government valuer will determine the value of the property for transfer
purposes and for assessing and paying stamp duty. The Government Valuer
does not necessarily physically visit the property for designating the value. The
officers have approximated values of properties in different parts of the city, and
they base their valuation on it for tax purposes.
6 Obtain assessment form for payment of stamp duty from Uganda Revenue 3 days Paid in procedure 7
Authority
Agency : Uganda Revenue Authority
Once the Chief Government valuer has given his consent on the cost, the file is
taken to the Uganda Revenue Authority, where an assessment form for Stamp
duty is provided. At that time, the name of the designated bank will be provided.
7 Payment of stamp duty at the designated commercial bank 4 days UGX 1,565,198.46;
Agency : Commercial Bank (1.5% of property
Stamp duty must be paid at the commercial bank before registration. The price (of the
government requires now all official fees to be paid at Commercial Banks to
government’s
control the revenue product of payments to public agencies. There is an
valuation))
assessment form which is taken to the bank for making the payment. The Bank
will inform the Uganda Revenue Authority when payment has been received.
There is a reconciliation process between the Bank and the Uganda Revenue
Authority which can take up to 3 days.
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