Come Float with Me - California Wing
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Fall
2006
The Official Magazine of California Wing Civil Air Patrol
Come Float with Me
Above the Wing with Maj. Charles Russell
in the World’s Most Famous Airship
5 Bad Habits of
Zoomies to Be
And How to Overcome Them
in Time to Apply Yourself
USAF ‘Aux’ in a Box?
Sweating Out CAP’s ‘Statement of Work’
Plus:
• Pondering Posse Comitatus
• Approaching Rocket-Equipped Planes
• Testing Telescoping Antennae
EAGLE EYE 2
Above the Wing,
Below the Clouds
Maj. Russell’s Fall-Sports-Special
View of Cal Wing
Eagle Call is an authorized publication serving the HORIZON LINES 4
interests of the California Wing of the United States Air
Force Auxiliary Civil Air Patrol. A private firm that is
How a SOW
not connected with the Department of the Air Force or Changed CAP’s Now
with the Civil Air Patrol Corporation publishes it. The Enter the Era of the U.S.
appearance of advertisements in this publication, Civil Air Patrol
including supplements and inserts, does not constitute
an endorsement by the U.S. Air Force or CAP of the
products and services advertised herein. CAPTAIN’S LOG 5
REDCAP in Review
Eagle Call encourages contributions from all CAP
members, military personnel, and related agencies.
Material must be original, free of copyright constraint,
unpublished, and submitted only to Eagle Call, which COLUMNS
reserves the right to approve, reject, edit, abridge or Commander’s Comments 7
expand any submission. Features must be discussed in Bird’s Eye View 9
advance with the Editor, Capt. Greg Solman, at
909-338-5789.
FIELD MANUAL 21
Submission guidelines: As a thrice-yearly publication,
the magazine is not suitable for dated material on
Can Collapsible
routine Squadron or Wing activities. PAOs and other Antennae Hold Up?
correspondents should generally avoid subjects and
styles typical of newsletters. Use the Associated Press
Stylebook or read the latest magazine for style points.
Never imbed photographs within documents. Always SAFETY MATTERS 28
include contact information at the top of copy. Email Airplanes Go Ballistic
articles, along with .jpg-extension photos of a Beware the Rocket-Deployed
minimum 500K resolution to: eaglecall@cawg. Parachute
cap.gov. Other material should be sent to California
Wing Civil Air Patrol, P.O. Box 7688, Van Nuys, CA
91409. For information on advertising rates and space ATTITUDE 35
availability, please call 1-800-635-6036.
Police Power-less?
Capt. Lord on Posse Comitatus
Lt. Col. Virginia Nelson,
Wing Commander RE:CAP 39
A California Wing Fly-By
Capt. Frank Geraty,
Director of Public Affairs, Publisher
CADET COSMOS 47
Capt. Gregory Solman, Editor 5 Failures to
Capt. Chris Storey, Communicate with
Deputy Director of Public Affairs, the Service Academies
Associate Editor
Capt. Sam Seneviratne,
Technical & Scientific Editor ON THE COVER: Maj. Charles Russell pilots
the airship Columbia, circa late ’80s.
1
Above the Wing,
Below the Clouds
By Capt. Greg Solman, Eagle Call Editor
For South Bay Mission Pilot Charles Russell,
Flying the World’s Most Famous Airship
Made for Some Very Goodyears
SANTA MONICA—Though the Goodyear blimp all over the know where you lose both
many of his fellow Civil Air Wing and beyond. “The trick to engines and go up.”
Patrol pilots derogate search-and- being a good blimp pilot is you In truth, he says, takeoffs and
rescue missions as “low and have to be slow,” he says. “You landings can be tricky. Once on a
slow,” Maj. Charles Russell flies have to think slow, not in a rush. cross country from Santa Maria
CAP Cessnas for their speed. It’s a great ride, very relaxing. to Oakland, turbulence caught the
For Russell, Deputy Com- Though flying an airship is like a airship’s 2,400 square feet of sur-
mander and Mission Pilot at tail-dragger, you can never relax face area and kept him in the air
South Bay Squadron 129 in Tor- too much.” for seven hours. “It was scary,”
rance, moving faster than an That being said, he’s ready he recalls. “I really had to go to
automobile is a nice change of with his standard line on blimp the bathroom.”
pace from his usual job, steering safety: “It’s the only aircraft I Continued on page 11 . . .
2
LOVE UNLIMITED: Gorgeous Pebble
Beach near Monterey.
ROSEY PICTURE: The UCLA Bruins
take on the Fightin’ Illini.
HORIZON LINES
How a SOW Changed CAP’s Now
By Capt. Frank Geraty, Director of Public Affairs
Seasoned Officers Wonder Whether This Shall Be
The Winter of Our Discontent or the Start of a Spring Renewal
VAN NUYS—Rumbles of dis-
cord from long time members cry
out for answers. “This is not the
Civil Air Patrol I joined years
ago,” they say. “Things are get-
ting too complicated.” “What
happened to the organization I
remember that just did the job,”
comes the clamor, “where the
only uniform I owned was a flight
suit? Can someone tell me what
the heck happened to that CAP?”
SEAL OF
DISAPPROVAL:
Incoming CAP
crest eliminates
reference to the
USAF Auxiliary of
the past.
I was a part of that CAP a few
years back myself, before work
took me out of state. Eventually I
was transferred back to Califor-
nia. It was just before 9/11. When TAIL OF TWO CAPs: Because of changes in our tasking, Civil Air Patrol must fly
the national tragedy happened I without showing its Auxiliary colors.
felt obligated to return to do my
part, however small. I was sur-
prised to find that CAP had
become a very new organization
with a similar name and with out-
wardly the same missions. I
started asking questions of our
top-level brass.
Here’s some of what I found.
The first shoe of the new era
dropped in 1999 when the USAF
and the corporation named the
Civil Air Patrol (Inc.) got together
and decided to create, for the first
time, a watershed document that
has been associated into the cor-
porate constitution and bylaws. It
Continued on page 27 . . .
CAPTAIN’S LOG
DEBRIEFING: As the song advance even detecting a long- for a joy ride. The only prob-
goes, “It Might as Well Be ago junked-airplane emergency- lem, apart from the obvious,
Spring” from February through locator transmitter (ELT) the sat- follows: “The two occupants
May, as the period contained ellites hadn’t heard. were not pilots,” reports Inci-
inclement missions, extraordi- dent Commander Capt. Bob
narily taxing trials, and feverish February: The month ended Keilholtz. “After the father
periods of activities, particularly with one of the most unusual witnessed their unauthorized
around the President’s visit to alerts when two 14-year-old departure and their near
California, with possibly some boys, bored up at Big Bear, inability to control the aircraft,
very low AWAC sweeps in “borrowed” their dad’s Mooney Continued on page 33 . . .
5
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6
Commander’s
To t
Memb he
of
ers Rampant
Comments Califo
rni
By Colonel Virginia Nelson
Wing a
Rash
Taxi Accidents
Can Be Avoided
C
ivil Air Patrol’s flight taxiing? Adjusting radios, pro-
safety record is histori gramming the GPS, checking
cally better than general your charts, calling for clear-
aviation’s. But while California ance, adjusting your mixture?
Wing’s pilots continue to do a The list goes on. These distrac-
good job of safely flying our tions keep you from having your
planes there has been an unfor- eyes where they belong, outside
tunate increase in aircraft acci- the cockpit.
dents while they are being Once the flight is over and Col. Virginia Nelson
moved on the ground. the engine is off planes still need Commander, California Wing
Some pilots—hopefully to be moved. Even with years of
none of ours-—argue that taxi- experience using a tow bar it can the procedures with new pilots.
ing is only an incidental activity, be a challenge. The ground may Make sure observers and scan-
a necessary chore prior to flight, not be level. You may be tired ners understand also.
when the real skill applies. I dis- from a long flight. It could be CAP is self-insured for air-
agree. There needs to be equal dark. Crew resource manage- frame damage. So every dollar
situational awareness in the taxi ment techniques should be as we spend on fixing hangar rash
phase and the flight portion. I routine on the ground as in the (over $54,000 so far this year,
think you’ll agree that there are air. The aircrew should help and not all the bills are in yet)
a lot more things to hit with your keep an eye on the wings and could be purchasing upgraded
aircraft on the ground than in the tail during movement and push avionics and other equipment. I
air. While airborne, you could as directed by the pilot. think you will agree that the
hit a bird, or heaven forbid, Nationally, CAP has suf- money should be used to
another aircraft. On the ground fered six recent aircraft acci- improve our fleet instead of fixing
you could hit a bird, or heaven dents that occurred when mov- damage. We all need to exercise
forbid, another aircraft. Or a ing them in or out of hangars. care and diligence when we
pole, a hangar, a car, a sign, or a These are preventable accidents move aircraft on the ground.
light on the taxiway. The possi- that generally come with large You’ve heard the expression
bilities are endless: I remember price tags. Squadrons with han- that the job isn’t over until
a CAP plane that once struck a gars need to develop SOPs the paperwork is done; like-
Porta-potty. regarding how to hangar their wise, it isn’t a successful
Are you trying to accom- plane, place them in their air- flight until the plane is parked
plish preflight tasks while craft binders, and walk through in good condition.
7
“Man must rise above the Earth - to the top of the atmosphere and beyond -
E
for only thus will he fully understand the world in which he lives.”
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• NORTHROP GRUMMAN CORPORATION
is pleased to support the
Civil Air Patrol for all their efforts.
DEFINING THE F U T U R E TM
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8BIRD’S EYE VIEW
First WMU. Then MIMS.
Why WMIRS?
By Lt. Col. Mike Prusak, USAF -– California Wing Liaison Officer
With the Introduction of the Web Mission
Information Reporting System, CAP Is
Being Watched From Above—and Must
Rise to the Occasion
I
n the post 9/11 era, the Civil to NORTHCOM and the1AF/CC t h e W i n g - reported data from
Air Patrol has been thrust into via the Web Mission Information WMIRS is used to generate these
changes the likes of which a Reporting System (WMIRS). reports. With its ability to stream-
lot of “old timers” are having a This has already resulted in the line training missions, generate
difficult time adjusting to, much DoD tasking CAP with a wider CAP Form 108s, and eliminate
less accepting. “This is not the variety of missions than ever the CAP Form 10, WMIRS takes
CAP I joined years ago” has before. For example: Hyper- the Civil Air Patrol several steps
become a common refrain. Spectral Imaging (ARCHER) closer to a truly paperless system.
Well, we’re in for another missions are tasked through But don’t miss the point,
seismic shift. But rather than sim- WMIRS as well as Western Air folks: That’s a two-star General
ply tell you that we are obliged to Defense Sector (WADS) missions that has daily visibility of every-
adjust because we’ve been told to where the USAF asks CAP to act thing CAP does, right on his
do so by CAP and CAP-USAF as intercept targets for F-16s. desktop computer, all by the
Command, I’d like to offer some magic of WMIRS.
insight. The importance of WMIRS
First, why the big changes? In “ . . . a two-star cannot be overstated. CAP has
truth there are multiple reasons, proven itself many times, but if it
but U.S. Northern Command
General has daily is going to continue to be a viable
(NORTHCOM) requirements visibility of asset in the war against terror,
were the driving factor. natural disasters, and search-and-
NORTHCOM has the mission of everything CAP rescue missions, it must put its
providing military assistance to arms around WMIRS. Change,
civil authorities during contin- does, right on his particularly the technological
gencies (such as natural disasters desktop computer, variety, can be frightening. But
like Hurricane Katrina) and arose it’s exciting and rewarding at the
from the need for a single com- all by the magic of same time. Each of you can take
mander to provide air assets (such the on-line WMIRS course that
as CAP) when needed. The 1st Air WMIRS.” the Wing has online. Become the
Force Commander (1AF/CC), expert in your squadron and help
Maj. Gen. Scott Mayes, was From the various wings input take CAP into the 21st century.
selected and given the addi- into WMIRS, CAP’s National Members with further ques-
tional title of Air Component Operations Center (NOC) pro- tions about WMIRS, or to request
Commander. vides mission requests in USAF’s a one-on-one tutorial, are invited
CAP now has a greater level Air Tasking Order (ATO) twice to contact Col, Prusak at (916)
of exposure to senior Department a week for the approval of 1AF/ 564-1605 or via email at
of Defense (DoD) leaders than at CC. In addition, a situation report prusakmi@earthlink.net.
any time in its history because (SITREP) is submitted each day
CAP’s missions are highly visible on the result of CAP missions;
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10Above the Wing, Below
the Clouds
Continued from page 3 . . .
Modern blimps have global-
positioning systems and moving
maps. Back in the day—Maj.
Russell celebrated his 25th anni-
versary of flying blimps last
year—he would watch the SAUCE FOR THE GOOSE: The
Queen Mary docked beside the
former hangar for the “Spruce
Goose.”
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12EAGLE EYE
Above the Wing, Below
the Clouds
shadow of the blimp on the
ground to determine the airspeed.
Outfitted with two 210 horse-
power Continental IL 360D
engines, the blimp likes cruising
at 30 miles per hour, with a top
speed of 50 MPH, he says. A
wheel substitutes for a stick to
move the elevators. Pedals
work the rudders. “It handles
more like a submarine than a
plane,” he laughs.
Maj. Russell knows the sky
better than the sea, however. He
started flying at 22-years old in
1968, two years after he joined
the Air Force as a civil engineer ANCIENT SMOG ALERT: Los Angeles downtown, minus Crocker Tower,
Continued . . . Bonaventure, other landmarks.
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14EAGLE EYE
ON LITTLE CAT FEET: San
Francisco’s waterfront and
Sunset districts, in for the usual
fog layer.
Above the Wing, Below the Clouds
who worked on boilers and heating systems. He
also cultivated a tan during tough duty on beaches
and at poolsides teaching ocean survival. The Air
Force would eventually take him him to North
Korea, Willis AFB in Libya, Africa (“I was
kicked out by Kahdafi,” he says), and March
ARB. He started flying airships after working for
Goodyear on the ground starting in 1974, when he
was a part-timer at Northrup University in Los
Angeles instructing those seeking airframe/
powerplant licenses. He worked as a mechanic for
Schaefer’s Air Ambulance and became a flight
Continued . . .
BOILERMAKER:
Above: Young Charles
Russell, as an Airman
1st Class, doing exotic
work for the Air Force.
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16NO-ESCAPE VELOCITY:
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Francisco Bay.
Above the Wing, Below the Clouds
instructor and charter pilot for mechanic. He became an official pilot of
Eagle Aviation in Long Beach, “I started flying for Goodyear the Goodyear blimp in 1980, and
but found it was too boom-or- in 1977,” he said. “I was just since then has logged 350 to 400
bust. He returned to being a looking for a flying job.” hours a year. Highlights include
Continued . . .
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18EAGLE EYE
Above the Wing, Below
the Clouds
appearances in Black Sunday and
the original Gone in 60 Seconds
(billed as Guy Flying Blimp, no
doubt); covering the 1984 Olym-
pics in Los Angeles; being in San
Francisco for the 1989 World
Series, only to cover the devastat-
ing earthquake; and flying then-
retired President Ronald Reagan
and astronaut Sally Ride up for
their first rides. Every December,
it would seem, Maj. Russell
could look down on California,
with gossamer memories, lighter
THE SLOW VIEW OF FAST: The blimp hovers above the Long Beach Grand Prix.
than air, and wistfully hum, “It
was a very Goodyear.”
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20FIELD MANUAL
MAYbe—or
MAYbe Not By Capt. Allen R. Lord, Travis Composite Squadron 22
A Diamond in the Rough? Our Tech Team
Tests the MAY1000 Antenna
Introduction: During field tests in the Gorman area, I found the Diamond MAY
1000 antenna to be useful. But while its compact size makes it an attractive
alternative to larger designs, I found the antenna to need careful handling. I
managed to break an element during routine testing. And compared to the
three-element Yagi design previously published [see Eagle Call, Winter 2005],
this design didn’t perform as well as the PVC pipe & measuring tape design.
Whereas the adjustable feature is perfect for the repeater hunter, for ELT-based
missions my recommendation remains a perfectly tuned, fixed, three-element
antenna.—Capt. Sam Seneviratne, Technical & Scienfic Editor
READY FOR ACTION: The MAY1000, field-ready. Continued . . .
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22FIELD MANUAL
MAYbe—or MAYbe Not
SWEET SPOT: Diamond’s chart shows how the element spacing changes the sensitivity.
TRAVIS AFB—No one really had produced a portable folding two-element Yagi antenna to
manufactures a portable hand- antenna, the MAY1000, that is be field-tuned over a range of
held antenna designed specifi- adjustable to be used over a about 120 MHz to 500 MHz.
cally for receiving emergency- wide r a n g e o f f r e q u e n c i e s . The telescoping antenna
locator transmissions. Home They accomplished this by elements lock in to place
builders of antennae for search- having telescoping whip when opened with spring
and-rescue missions usually antennae on a sliding adjust- ferrules. Folded, the antenna
stick to a tape-measure Yagi ment point mounted on a boom. is a very manageable size,
design which, though func- Diamond’s design positions the and resembles a martial arts
tional, is something of a kludge, front element as the driven weapon (though you might
unprofessional looking in the element and the rear element want to be careful about who
field, and varies widely in per- as the reflector. An included you point it at)!
formance characteristics. adjustment chart and a The antenna can be used
For those reasons, I was metric tape measure help the for transmission (or up to
happy to see that San Marcos, antenna perform optimally by ten watts) or for reception,
Calif.-based Diamond Antenna allowing what is essentially a Continued . . .
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24FIELD MANUAL
TUNE UP:
MAYbe—or MAYbe Not
a l l o w i n g y o u t o use it with
Adjusting
your hand-held radio to hit Telescopic
the repeaters in marginal
areas, or with your direction Elements
finding receiver or scanner to
SANTA MONICA—The
detect ELT signals at far length of a driven antenna ele-
longer ranges than an Adcock ment resonant at a specific fre-
antenna, Doppler or other quency can be determined by
switched-array antennae applying energy at that fre-
designs. The manufacturer quency to the element and
claims a gain of 4.5 to 6 dB, adjusting the element length for
depending upon the fre- a minimum standing-wave ratio
quency. For comparison pur- (the ratio of transmitted-to-
poses, a 3dB gain increase reflected power).
would double your range, When the element length
compared to a simple quarter- at resonance has been deter-
wave (rubber duck) whip mined, ground teams and
UDFs using such equipment
antenna.
should prepare to reset the
I tested the MAY1000 elements to resonant length
antenna using a 1mW signal subsequent to collapsing and
source tuned to 121.5 MHz at telescoping for transportation.
a range of 200 feet, using Some users suggest applying
my Altoids receiver [see marks to the inner telescoping
“Breathtaking Ingenuity,” part with dye or paint. Such
Eagle Call, Spring 2005, P. marks tend to be obliterated
17.] When pointing the by friction from contact with
antenna at the transmission the adjacent outer telescoping
source, I noted a gain of one part—not to mention they
or two S-Meter points (or could be difficult to see under
bars on the bargraph) and the typically poor lighting
conditions of night missions.
could hear a distinct improve-
Another means to that end
ment in the quality of the is to provide a gauge of appro-
received tone (a very impor- priate length(s) for re-setting
tant test in radio direction the elements in the field. A
finding). Although my tests slender wooden dowel, fas-
were not exhaustive, this tened for transport to the
indicates to me that the antenna boom, will serve this
MAY1000 will have some purpose. A similar gauge
potential for use in the field. can be used to adjust antenna
elements other t h a n t h e
READY TO PACK: The d r i v e n e l e m e n t . —SM W.
MAY1000, folded. Burns
William Burns is a trained engi-
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Field Composite Squadron 51.
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26HORIZON LINES
How a SOW Changes CAP’s Now
Continued from page 4 . . .
is a formal Statement of Work
(SOW) between CAP and the
USAF. It was the first time ever
that this relationship had been
codified, and truthfully, has been
the subject of interpretation and
review ever since—hence many
of the “changes.”
Sometimes change means
confusion. The two organizations
have suffered predictably. A for-
mal “change management” pro-
cess began early 2005 to address
these issues, and is ongoing. CAP
Legal officers, including our own
California Wing legal officer,
members of Congress, and USAF
participants are actively involved BLACK AND WHITE: A CAP mission base in the late ’70s.
in this SOW review process. It
continues today. answer won’t be to everyone’s need-to-know basis, per OPSEC.
Some characteristics of the liking: “Only when actively per- Those relationships are spelled
earlier Civil Air Patrol persevere. forming missions that are out in separate Memorandums of
It is still an independent organiza- requested specifically by the Understandings (MOUs) between
tion, existing as a separate entity, USAF.” That distinction is draw- California OES, the Red Cross,
longer than the Air Force itself. ing a lot of attention. and other organizations and the
CAP receives funding largely A new functional system, Civil Air Patrol (Inc.). They
from the USAF in support of our when CAP works under the SOW receive CAP services (not USAF
primary missions of emergency as the auxiliary of the Air Force, Auxiliary), for which there are
services, aerospace education and is the active mission management separate, non-USAF funding
cadet programs. CAP serves other tool WMIRS (see Col. Prusak’s sources. MOUs fill out CAP’s
organizations that are neither column in this issue). It is such a other corporate service roles and
funded nor a part of the Air Force powerful communication and responsibilities from time to time
nor included in the SOW. When coordination tool, a new standard and are what distinguishes the
executing those non-USAF mis- mission procedure, that it enables name under which we operate
sions CAP is not allowed to repre- us to perform a far greater range and the wide variety of services
sent itself or its membership as of USAF AUX mission services CAP performs.
the auxiliary of the USAF but on a coordinated local, regional, So like much of the technol-
rather as simply officers of the and nation wide basis. WMIRS- ogy CAP uses, CAP has changed,
Civil Air Patrol. documented missions are perfect too. One thing has remained con-
The most visible result of examples of where CAP puts on stant: Change. The CAP story is
today’s interpretation of the SOW its Auxiliary “head cover” while not complete. CAP will continue
is the removal of the USAF AUX performing its USAF AUX role. to evolve, and I trust it will do so
markings on CAP seals and our Our new operation security for the better. Aspects of CAP can
corporate aircraft, some of which (OPSEC) requirements relates to be likened to phrases like “This is
had only recently been added. the USAF-AUX jobs alone. In not your father’s Oldsmobile….”
That raises a natural question: Are fact, it has no application to And, personally, I think that it
we the official auxiliary of the CAP’s other roles, except insofar shouldn’t be either.
U.S. Air Force or not? The as other agencies that may be on a
27SAFETY MATTERS
Airplanes Go Ballistic
By Capt. Chris R. Storey, Associate Editor, Eagle Call
The Growing Prevalence of Rocket-Propelled Parachutes
Pose Potential Hazards to Ground Teams. Advice on
What—And What Not—to Do.
FULLERTON—Civil Air Patrol transmitter (ELT) or chasing every incident as life threatening.
ground teams and urban direction down a last-known position Like the traffic collision,
finders are altogether more likely (LKP), emergency services teams plane crash sites have similar
to offer assistance at a traffic col- don’t know if they will find an obvious and sometimes hidden
lision than encounter an airplane inadvertently activated distress dangers (see “Yellow Lights on
crash. Still, once they’re on the beacon or the wreckage of an air- Electric Avenue,” Eagle Call,
trail of an emergency locator plane. CAP trains them to treat Spring 2006). One potential
28hidden hazard is a crashed aircraft
outfitted with a live rocket-
deployed emergency parachute
system. Ironically, though
designed to save lives, these
ballistic parachutes have the
potential to cause injury or death
to the unsuspecting rescuer.
Ballistic parachutes are
designed to do one thing: Get a
light plane safely on the ground in
the event of pilot incapacitation;
mid-air collision; structural or
control failure; or engine failure
at night over rough terrain or over
water. They are intended for use when
all other options for a safe landing
are exhausted. The leading manu-
facturer of ballistic parachute sys-
tems, Ballistic Recovery Systems EXPLOSIVE DIAGRAM: BRS’s life-saving rocket design.
(BRS), St. Paul, Minn., claims to
have saved 188 lives since 1981.
When the pilot pulls an emer- Aircraft, can likewise be rus SR22 and SR20s are all para-
gency release handle, a 55-foot upgraded or retrofitted. The com- chute equipped: You just have to
diameter parachute deploys with pany says that worldwide, 20,000 recognize the distinctive profile.
the aid of a solid-fuel rocket systems now fly on various gen- Ballistic parachute systems
motor from a specially designed eral aviation aircraft. As the are installed in various locations
canister attached to the airframe. popularity of sport aviation according to aircraft design. On
The parachute allows the plane to increases, more aircraft manufac- ultralights, the parachute canister
descend in a flight-level attitude tures will enter this growing and rocket motor are typically
and cushions the landing impact. market. That means CAP teams mounted on the underside of the
Parachute deployment is are likely to see more and more open frame. On Cirrus airplanes,
extremely fast and, under ideal aircraft equipped with ballistic they are invariably installed in the
circumstances can potentially parachutes. stowage area, just behind the bag-
save the aircraft when deployed At the scene of an accident, gage compartment (a warning is
as low as 300 to 500 feet. one can’t count on the victims to posted on the fuselage—but don’t
BRS systems come factory be in a position to warn you that count on it being readable under a
standard on the Cirrus Design the aircraft is equipped with a number of conceivable accident
Corporation’s SR22 and SR20, ballistic parachute, but if they’re conditions, or even at night). On
and can be added as an after- lucid, ask them. Even if the pas- Cessnas, the parachute canister is
market item on ultralights and sengers escape injury, the dam- in the left rear baggage area as
other home-built aircraft. They aged aircraft with an unfired viewed from the front. The rocket
are FAA certified for installation rocket intact still poses a threat to motor is further outboard and to
on the Cessna models 150, 152, emergency responders. So prepare the left, just under the rear win-
172, and 182. The newest genera- to recognize some of the compo- dow. On most installations, plas-
tion of Light Sport Aircraft such nents in the wreckage, or even tic or fiberglass covers protect the
as the Flight Design model CT, identify the BRS parachute logo components and hide them from
and sport aircraft from Symphony on the aircraft. Remember, the Cir- Continued . . .
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30SAFETY MATTERS
Airplanes Go Ballistic
view. When fired, the rocket and any part of their body, within that parachute has not deployed. Look
parachute will blast up and out of 90-degree field. If you suspect a for sign of deployment: the para-
the rear window. crashed aircraft is equipped chute, harness, or lines still
Once identified and located, with a ballistic parachute, do attached to the aircraft; or the rear
implement procedures to keep not put your head over the rear window broken out and scorch
yourself and others safe at the window to look. marks on the parachute harness
crash site. Look for the likely These things are lethal weap- straps. If the parachute has
direction the rocket motor would ons: When ignited, the rocket deployed, there remains no haz-
deploy if activated. Remember, generates roughly 225 pounds of ard posed by the rocket motor.
on most installations it will thrust over a 1.2-second burn The rocket motor burns a
launch up from the baggage com- time, accelerating to over 100 solid propellant derived from a
partment area. Ultralights or other mph in less than one tenth of a military formulation and is very
aircraft may be different. second. These powerful rockets, resistant to accidental activation.
Clear a 90-degree area only 1 ½ to 2 inches in diameter BRS even claims that rocket
extending a minimum of 100 feet and 8 to 10 inches long, drag a motors exposed to post-impact
away in that direction. Remem- 55-pound parachute with them. If fires are unlikely to launch,
ber, the aircraft might be lying on you are in the path of the rocket though the rocket may burst in the
its side, upside down on the motor when it fires, you can be fire. Some agencies conserva-
ground or in the trees, or leaning critically injured. tively leave removal and disposal
against trees or boulders. Under One dangerous situation to of unfired rocket motors to local
no circumstances should rescue first responders occurs when the police bomb squads.
personnel place themselves, or aircraft crashes and the ballistic Local fire, police, or sheriff’s
department personnel, who often
aid CAP members in the field,
may not have heard of ballistic
parachutes and will rely upon
your expertise to inform them. If
you are first on-scene and even
alert others to the existence of the
danger, then you have done your
job. While it is true that ballistic
parachute systems can be
disarmed with proper tools and
training, that task should be abso-
lutely, without exception, left to
experts. Advise others on-scene
to contact BRS, St. Paul, Minn., at
(651) 457-7491 during business
hours (Central), or (763) 226-
6110 after hours. ELT teams are
advised to keep these numbers in
your packed phone list. Addi-
tional safety information for first
responders is available at the
manufacturer’s web site at
www.brsparachutes.com.
PARA-SHOOT: Ground teams should clear the area of likely accidental Mind you, the rocket motor is
deployment. Continued on page 39 . . .
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32CAPTAIN’S LOG
REDCAP in Review
Continued from page 5 . . .
he notified the FAA. The FAA into storage in Compton to a “unfounded and unrelated”
then contacted the AFRCC Super Drifter in Corona to a said IC Keilholtz.
and a mission was opened Hughes 500 in Long Beach.
based on the probability of the Capt. Keilholtz said the Wing Digress Finds: Lts. Juan
aircraft crashing due to the “utilized three aircraft, 23 per- Fernandez and Jenny Burnett
pilot’s inexperience.” Capt. sonnel, 37 man days, [and] traced an ELT signal at
Keilholtz launched crews from dispatched 20 UDF teams for Whiteman Airport, location of
Group 1 and 7. Joe Orchard four finds.” Group 1 HQ in Pacoima, to one
and Bill Hartmann, veteran of our aircraft, annoying a few
officers at Big Bear Valley April: In advance of the members, not to mention the DF
Composite Squadron 6750, President’s visit in late April, team. All aboard and ready to
provided the intelligence that ELTs and EPIRBs started sail: In March, Capt. Sam
the aircraft had taken off with singing first in the north then Seneviratne, 1 st Lt. Bob Noble,
only a quarter tank, limiting in the south, where there were and senior member William L.
the search circumference after two on the 20th (Santa Barbara, Burns, all from Clover Field
RADAR tracking failed. Firebaugh Airport); three on Composite Squadron 51, Santa
National Park Police from the the 21st (Corona); one on the Monica, launched on what they
Joshua Tree National Monu- 22nd (Palm Springs); three on thought was a ELT mission, and
ment found the crashed air- the 23 rd (San Diego, Los ended up with a nice cruise,
plane—and more important, Alamitos, Crystal Airport); courtesy of the L.A. County
two injured survivors—after one on the 24 th (Newport Sheriff/Harbor Master’s boat to
the boys tried an emergency Beach), then finally a Palm board the “Southern Comfort 3”
landing ten miles north of Springs RF signal with “direct Hunter 410 and shut off the
the park. interference with the presi- EPIRB. And, finally, Bob
dential visit,” reports IC Lt. Keilholtz and Capt. Jon Stokes
March: The infamous Banning Shane Terpstra. Coincidence? secured 16 ELTs at the Aircraft
Pass (see “Dark Passages,” Spruce in Corona, and IC
Eagle Call, Spring 2006), May: Always on duty (probably Keilholtz, Maj. David Boehm
took two more lives with a because the overtime pay is so and Lt. Shane Terpstra awarded
Cessna Caravan traveling tantalizing) a member just the two-man team 16 non-
from Wichita to Van Nuys happened to notice a distress distress Finds (how many clasps
crashed in mixed rain and beacon at John Wayne Airport is that?). Supplying the some-
snow. Patrick Jones assisted in the O.C. and passed it along times sarcastic Capt. Keilholtz
San Bernardino County sher- to the Air Force Rescue Coor- with an endless supply of
iffs. Classify 16-19 as a CAP dination Center. John Hill, ammunition to throw against
version of March Madness, Keith Jackson, and Rich meandering ground teams and
sports fans: IC Keilholtz Lovick later turned it off. A UDFs, IC Lt. Shane Terpstra
reported that “a total of 14 Bell 206 flying Redlands to reports (scout’s honor) that Boy
sites were handled under one Santa Ysabel dropped off Scout Troop 677 silenced an
mission number. One ELT RADAR and a witness saw a ELT near San Diego in February.
may have caused many of the plume of smoke: That brought Thanks, boys. You’ll get yours
spinoffs since it had been in out four state agencies and when you join us later. Source of
transit in a shipping con- CAP, only to discover that the all above: Closing traffic. Clas-
tainer.” Signals were all over pilot hadn’t closed out the sified mission sorties not
the Wing map, from a crashed flight plan and was safe at included, per OPSEC.—Capt.
Cessna 172 that had moved Redlands. The smoke as Greg Solman
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34ATTITUDE
Police Power-less?
By Capt. Allen R. Lord, Travis Composite Squadron 22
Seeing Our Mission Fall from ‘Bombs Away’ to ‘Hands Off,’
One Wing Officer Asking if Posse Comitatus Really Constrains CAP
TRAVIS AFB—A number of date to the Revolution, it survives penal law and common law allow
years ago, I attended a Civil Air to this day, for instance, codified any person the rights of arrest.
Patrol activity during which a ca- in California Penal Code 150: Juveniles are also still bound to
det observed what he believed to Every able-bodied person above 18 assist the law because they have a
be an auto burglary in progress. years of age who neglects or refuses duty to obey lawful commands of
to join the posse comitatus or power
The cadet broadcast over a CAP of the county, by neglecting or refus-
the civil authority.
radio that he had seen a man ing to aid and assist in taking or The Posse Comitatus Act of
breaking in to a car and running arresting any person against whom 1878 was a Reconstruction era
away. The cadet stated that he there may be issued any process, or law intended to prevent the mili-
could see the man from his van- by neglecting to aid and assist in tary from becoming a Guardia
retaking any person who, after being
tage point and requested assis- Civil, or national police force.
arrested or confined, may have
tance in notifying the police. escaped from arrest or imprisonment, Originally created as a rider to an
At that point, a CAP “old or by neglecting or refusing to aid and Army appropriations bill, it was
timer” jumped on the radio and assist in preventing any breach of the later re-drafted as part of the U.S.
ordered the cadet to walk away. peace, or the commission of any Code. After the Civil War, the
He stated over the air, and in later criminal offense, being thereto law- Army had been used in the South
fully required by any uniformed
defense of his actions, that posse peace officer, or by any peace officer
to maintain civil order, and to imple-
comitatus law prevented CAP described in Section 830.1, subdivi- ment the policies of Reconstruction.
from becoming involved in any sion (a), (b), (c), (d),(e), or (f) of Sec- The Army maintained a presence
police activity. tion 830.2, or subdivision (a) of Sec- to make sure that no further
Notwithstanding the wisdom tion 830.33, who identifies himself or rebellion was allowed to flourish.
herself with a badge or identification
of that advisory and the age of the The Act remained essentially
card issued by the officer’s employ-
particular cadet, it became abun- ing agency, or by any judge, is pun- intact until 1956, when it was
dantly clear that posse comitatus ishable by a fine of not less than fifty applied to the then relatively new
and how CAP should operate dollars ($50) nor more than one thou- Air Force:
under that law is not well under- sand dollars ($1,000). 18 U.S.C. 1385. Use of Army and
stood by CAP members. The common law and Califor- Air Force as posse comitatus
Whoever, except in cases and under
First, a disclaimer: I am not a nia agree substantively that any circumstances expressly authorized
lawyer. I am a licensed private and all such citizens have a duty by the Constitution or Act of Con-
investigator and a security con- to come to the aid of law enforce- gress, willfully uses any part of the
sultant. The following should be ment when requested to do so. Army or the Air Force as a posse
regarded as commentary based on California has raised the age re- comitatus or otherwise to execute the
laws shall be fined under this title or
my interpretations of the law. quirement to 18 years of age. (The
imprisoned not more than two years,
Originating in early 15th cen- 15-year-old limit may have origi-
or both.
tury English law, posse comitatus nated from the common law’s
It is interesting to note that in
(from the Latin for “power of the mandatory membership age of 14
the entire history of the Act, not a
county”) referred to the authority in the irregular militia, which was
single person has been prosecuted
of the county sheriff to summon codified in the U.S. Act of Militia,
for a violation of the Posse Comi-
any able-bodied male over the age 1776.) So, even our minor cadets,
tatus Act. For all intents and pur-
of fifteen to assist him in keeping though they may not be a part of
poses it has been watered down to
the peace or to pursue and arrest a the militia, are still “persons” and
felon. Though the American roots may make arrests. Indeed, the Continued . . .
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