Climate Change and its impacts in ASEAN - ASEAN Secretariat
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Climate Change and its impacts in ASEAN ASEAN Secretariat
• Climate change –overview
• ASEAN: Vulnerabilities and Impacts
Outline of of Climate Change
• Addressing climate change issues in
Presentation ASEAN
• ASEAN’S Participation in Global
Fora on Climate Change
• Concluding Message
What is climate change? • Climate is changing, at alarming rate, • Human Induced caused – GHGs emissions, • Impacts both cumulative and disaster-nature, • Very complex in nature - sound science, empirical, social, economic, political views, and general public.
The Climate System 4
5th AR -IPCC • Climate-related risks for natural and human systems are higher for global warming of 1.5°C than at present, but lower than at 2°C (high confidence). These risks depend on the magnitude and rate of warming, geographic location, levels of development and vulnerability, and on the choices and implementation of adaptation and mitigation options (high confidence), • Climate models project include increases in: mean temperature in most land and ocean regions (high confidence), hot extremes in most inhabited regions (high confidence), heavy precipitation in several regions (medium confidence), and the probability of drought and precipitation deficits in some regions (medium confidence),
SR1.5 IPCC
SR1.5 IPCC- Tropics • # hot days and nights, heatwaves: increases (HC) health impacts, • Livestock heat stress : increased; • Crop yields: risks; extensive risks (W. Africa, SE Asia, S. America); substantial reductions, • Rainforests : reduced biomass; larger reductions; reduced extent, potential forest dieback (MC)
ASEAN: Vulnerabilities and Impacts of Climate Change
Southeast Asia is one of the world’s most vulnerable regions to climate change
impacts such as droughts, floods, typhoons, sea level rise, and heat waves.
• A large proportion of the population and economic activity is concentrated
along coastlines;
• The region is heavily reliant on agriculture, fisheries for livelihoods;
• There is a high dependence on natural resources and forestry;
• The level of extreme poverty remains high, low resilient capacities.
Source: The Economics of Climate Change in Southeast Asia: Regional Review, 2009
Key issues and challenges in ASEAN • High population concentration, • Developing countries needs for further development, • Energy, forestry, land use, urbanization, agriculture, transport, and industrial are in high demand. • Changing of climate, impacts and threats of climate change are obvious – temperature, precipitations, extreme events (disaster), and sea level rise. Impacts on ecosystem/biodiversity, agriculture, water resources, human health and others.
SR1.5 IPCC - Vulnerabilities Extreme climate events: expected to be more frequent and more bigger - storms // droughts // floods
Please enjoy video clips on climate change • Causes and effects of climate change (2.45min) • Climate change impact on economy (2min) • Climate change impact human societies (6min) • Climate change impact on human health, (2.4min) • Climate change impact on biodiversity
Addressing climate change issues in ASEAN
Global Commitments and ASEAN 1. UNFCCC, 1992 2. Kyoto Protocol 1997 3. Paris Agreement 2015, 4. Katowice Climate Change Conference (UNFCCC COP24, Dec 2018) – Paris rulebook
AMS commitments for climate change
Status of Approval(AA), Acceptance(A), Accession(a),
Succession(d)/Ratification
AMS
Kyoto Protocol Doha Amendment Paris Agreement
UNFCCC
(KP) to KP (PA)
Brunei Darussalam 7 Aug 2007 a 20 Aug 2009 a 14 Nov 2014 A 21-Sep-16
Cambodia 18 Dec 1995 a 22 Aug 2002 a 17 Nov 2015 A 6-Feb-17
Indonesia 23-Aug-94 3-Dec-04 30 Sep 2014 A 31-Oct-16
Lao PDR 4 Jan 1995 a 6 Feb 2003 a - 7-Sep-16
Malaysia 13-Jul-94 4-Sep-02 12 Apr 2017 A 16-Nov-16
Myanmar 25-Nov-94 13 Aug 2003 a 19 Sep 2017 A 19-Sep-17
Philippines 2-Aug-94 20-Nov-03 13 Apr 2016 A 23-Mar-17
Singapore 29-May-97 12 Apr 2006 a 23 Sep 2014 A 21-Sep-16
Thailand 28-Dec-94 28-Aug-02 1 Sep 2015 A 21-Sep-16
Vietnam 16-Nov-94 25-Sep-02 22 Jun 2015 A 3 Nov 2016 AAASEAN Joint Statement on Climate Change • The ASEAN Leaders at the regional level have issued Statements related to climate change at their 2007, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, and 2018 Summits. • In 2018, the ASEAN Joint Statement on Climate Change was highlighted as part of the national statement of Singapore by H.E. Masagos Zulkifli, Minister of Environment of Water Resources of Singapore at the resumed High-Level Segment of UNFCCC COP-24. • In its national statement, Singapore also highlighted the outcomes of the Special ASEAN Ministerial Meeting on Climate Action (SAMCA), the launch of the ASEAN Smart City Network, Singapore’s support to Southeast Asia Disaster Risk Insurance Facility (SEADRIF), and ASEAN’s energy efficiency targets.
ASEAN Cooperation on Climate Change and
Progress of Implementation of the AWGCC Action
PlanGlobal Commitments
United Nations’ 2030 Agenda on ASCC Community
Sustainable Development Goals Vision 2025
ASEAN Socio-Cultural
Community envisions the
achievement of a
sustainable environment
in the face of social
changes and economic
development.RELEVANT INTERNATIONAL
FRAMEWORKS AND GLOBAL
DISCOURSES HAVE INFORMED THE
DEVELOPMENT OF THE ASCC
BLUEPRINT
ASCC
BlueprintThe ASCC Blueprint comprises 5 Characteristics, with 18 Key Result Areas and
corresponding 109 Strategic Measures
5 CHARACTERISTICS
A. Engages and
18
KEY RESULT
benefits the AREAS
people
B. Inclusive
C. Sustainable
D. Resilient
E. Dynamic 109
STRATEGIC
MEASURESMilestones for ASEAN’s Collective Response to Climate Change
Onwards:
2008: ASEAN joint statements
ASEAN established on climate change COP,
Nov 2007: ASEAN ASEAN Working Group information sharing,
Declaration on UNFCCC on Climate Change climate capacity
COP13 (AWGCC) building, etc
Dec 2007: Indonesia 2009:
hosting UNFCCC COP13 AWGCC met for the first
in Bali: Bali Road Map time ASEAN
and Bali Action Plan
Climate
Change
Partnership
ConferenceC.3 Sustainable Climate
i. Strengthen human and institutional capacity in implementing climate change adaptation and mitigation,
especially on vulnerable and marginalised communities.
ii. Facilitate the development of comprehensive and coherent responses to climate change challenges, such as
but not limited to multi-stakeholder and multi-sectoral approaches.
iii. Leverage on private sector and community to have access to new and innovative financing mechanisms to
address climate change.
iv. Strengthen the capacity of sectoral institutions and local governments in conducting Greenhouse Gas (GHG)
inventory, and vulnerability assessments and adaptation needs.
v. Strengthen the effort of government, private sector and community in reducing GHG emission from main
activities of development.
vi. Mainstream climate change risk management and GHG emission reduction on sectoral planning.
vii. Strengthen global partnerships and support the implementation of relevant international agreements and
frameworks, e.g. the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).Adaptation
and
Resilience
Strategic Priority 5:
Climate Change Technology Climate
Transfer Finance
Cross-
Global Mitigation
Sectoral Partnership
CoordinationOngoing activities
Activity Remark
Training on Climate Change Adaptation: Climate Change Adaptation 4-6 September 2019,
National Plan Formulation, Implementation and Framework of Bangkok, Thailand
Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)
Training on Climate Finance: GCF Concept Note Write-shop 10-12 September 2019 in
Bangkok, Thailand,
Initial Workshop on ASEAN Climate Finance Strategy October 2019, Bangkok,
Thailand (tbc)
Strengthening Science and Policy Interface in Climate Change Related early 2020, Bali, Indonesia
Decision-Making Process
Proposal on Building Knowledge on the Potential of Blockchain early 2020, Singapore
Technology to Enable Linked Carbon MarketsProposed / Pipeline Activities
Proposed Initiatives Proponent
Proposal on Knowledge-Sharing Workshop on Mainstreaming Climate Change
Mitigation in Sectoral Plans Cambodia
Strengthening ASEAN’s Capability for Development and Take Up of Greenhouse Gas
Mitigation Technologies Philippines
Enhancing the ASEAN Member States’ Capacities on Climate Risk Management Philippines
Southeast Asian MRV Hub Singapore
Building Knowledge on the Potential of Blockchain Technology to Enable Linked Singapore
Carbon Markets
Regional Financial Policy Framework to achieve environmental and sustainability Brunei Darussalam, ASEAN
objectives (Climate Fund) Secretariat, UNFCCC RCC
Enhancing the ASEAN Member States’ Capacities On Climate Risk Management The Philippines
Formulation of ASEAN Roadmap on Climate Change Capacity Building Thailand
Proposal on “To Improve Estimation of Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions From Land Singapore
Use Change in Peatlands”
Proposed ASEAN City Leaders on Climate Resilience Initiative. ASEAN Secretariat
ASEAN State of Climate Change Report ASEAN SecretariatActivities on Climate Actions
AWGCC Initiatives
ASEAN State of
Climate Report
Development and Strengthening
Implementation of Regional Climate
Facility/Company Strengthening
Financial Policy Resilience of
Level Monitoring, Science and
Framework to AMS through
Reporting and Policy Interface Ministerial
achieve Experience
Verification (MRV) in Climate Roundtable on
environmental Sharing and
Systems for Change Related Climate, Air
and sustainability Lesson Learn on
Greenhouse Gas Decision-Making and Health
objectives Progress of
(GHG) Emissions Process ASEAN Statements
through Climate Change
in ASEAN Member (Indonesia) / Side Events at
Adaptation
States (AMS) Climate Fund COP 25
Activities
Initiatives
Expected to be implemented in 2019/2020Highlights of Regional Initiatives on Climate Change under Environment Sector
AWGNCB AWGESC AWGEE AWGCME ATFP
• Biodiversity and • ASEAN ESC • ASEAN Youth • Workshop on • ASEAN
Climate Change Model Cities Environment Climate Peatland
Project (BCCP) Programme Programme Change and Forest Project
• ASEAN-ROK Flagship • Clean Air for • ASEAN Plus ASEAN Coastal (APFP)
Project on Restoration Smaller Cities Three Areas: • ASEAN-EU
of Degraded Forest Programme Leadersip Vulnerability, Sustainable
Ecosystem in the Programme on Impacts and Use of
Southeast Asian Sustainable Adaptation Peatlands and
Tropical Regions Consumption Haze
and Mitigation
Consumption (SUPA)Existing Related Cross-sectoral Coordination
Mechanisms and PlatformsForestry, Agriculture and Fisheries (ASOF & SOM-AMAF)
• The German-ASEAN Programme on Response to Climate Change: Agriculture,
Forestry and Related Sectors/GAP-CC: Module on Forestry and Climate Change
(FOR-CC) comprises two main components namely i) Forestry and ii) Climate
Smart Value Chains.
• FOR-CC provides support to ASEAN Working Group on Forest and Climate
Change (AWG-FCC), AWG on Forest Management (AWG-FM) and to the ASEAN
Climate Resilience Network (ASEAN-CRN) through the ASEAN Technical Working
Group on Agriculture Research and Development (ATWGARD) and ASEAN
Working Group on Crops (AWGC).
• The ASEAN Multi-Sectoral Framework for Climate Change: Agriculture and
Forestry towards Food and Nutrition Security and Achievement of Sustainable
Development Goals (SDGs), under the FOR-CC, provides a set of strategic
interventions, consisting of strategic thrusts and actions based on proven and
promising approaches that address climate change-related issues. ASOEN Chair
is often invited to the Meetings of the Ad-hoc Steering Committee on Climate
Change and Food Security. However, ASOEN Chair rarely confirms their
participation at the Meetings. There may be a lack of the sense of ownership from
ASOEN on this initiative.Energy (SOME)
• ASEAN Plan of Action for Energy Cooperation 2016-2025 focuses on seven priority areas: (i)
ASEAN Power Grid, (ii) Trans ASEAN Gas Pipeline, (iii) Coal and Clean Coal Technology, (iv)
Energy Efficiency and Conservation, (v) Renewable Energy, (vi) Regional Energy Policy and
Planning, and (vii) Civilian Nuclear Energy.
• The ASEAN Centre for Energy (ACE) was established in 1999 in Jakarta, Indonesia, an is
guided by a Governing Council composed of Senior Officials on Energy leaders from each
AMS and a representative from the ASEAN Secretariat as an ex-officio member. In 2015,
Three critical roles of ACE are as ASEAN energy think tank, as a catalyst to strengthen
ASEAN energy cooperation and integration, and as ASEAN energy data centre and
knowledge hub.
Transport / Infrastructure (STOM)
• Sustainable Transport, with a goal of Formulating a regional policy framework to support
sustainable transport which includes low carbon modes of transport, energy efficiency and
user-friendly transport initiatives, integration of transport and land use planning.
• The on-going ASEAN-Germanproject “Sustainable Mobility for Passengers and Goods in
Metropolitan Regions of ASEAN Member States” (SMMR) aims for metropolitan regions in
AMS to integrate sustainable mobility concepts into their transport policy and planning. the
Project was consulted with and supported by AWGESC.Disaster Management (ACDM) One of the priority programmes of the ASEAN Agreement on Disaster Management and Emergency Response (AADMER) Work Programme 2016-2025 is Priority Programme 3: ADVANCE (A Disaster Resilient and Climate Adaptive ASEAN Community). Among the expected outputs under the Programme is strengthened institutional capacity and policy frameworks for effective implementation of disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation (CCA). Sendai Framework for DRR AADMER
ASEAN Cross-Sectoral Coordination Committee (ACSCC) on
Disaster Risk Financing and Insurance (DRFI),
• established in 2013, serves as platform for coordination among ASEAN Finance and Central Bank
Deputies Meeting (AFCDM), AIRM, and ASEAN Committee of Disaster Management (ACDM) to
implement the ASEAN DRFI Roadmap, which aims to strengthen the capacities of individual AMS and the
region to effectively manage the impacts of disasters, enhance the financial resilience to disasters, and
promote regional cooperation for a disaster and climate resilience.
• The ASEAN Disaster Risk Financing and Insurance Phase 2 (ADRFI-2) ‘plan of action’ will equip Member
States with risk management and risk transfer capabilities that will enable them to overcome financial
burdens caused by disasters.
• ASEAN Green Bonds - The ASEAN Capital Markets Forum (ACMF): a green asset class in line
with the importance of green finance in supporting sustainable growth in ASEAN, particularly in
meeting ASEAN’s infrastructure needs.
Joint Statement of the 4th ASEAN Finance Ministers' and Central Bank Governors’ Meeting (AFMGM)-
Singapore 06 Apr 2018:
• Ministers reaffirm our commitment to AEC Blueprint 2025, including its strategic objectives of financial
integration, financial stability, and financial inclusion. We welcome the Singapore Chairs' focus on
‘Resilience and Innovation, and the initiatives to sustainable growth, boost resilience and foster
innovation.
• We recognize the importance of strengthening AMS’ resilience against natural disasters. – Launch ASEAN
Disaster Risk Insurance Facility as risk management solution for the regionKey messages
ASEAN - conclude • Responding to climate change is among high priorities of ASEAN, • ASEAN is addressing climate change through the framework of ASEAN Community building, with strategies and actions to enhance regional and international cooperation in supporting mitigation, adaptation, technology transfer, capacity building, finance, cross-sectoral coordination and global partnerships.
1. Acknowledge climate change causes and effects are real and matter us for ACTION. • Climate change is complex of causes and effects, by multi-actors, multiple-scales and sectors, • No geographic/admin boundary impacts across the board, [CC> FI scope of works] • No single solution, no individual or single country/state or business can stop it. BUT WAIT? TOGETHER CAN MAKE IT POSSIBLE, THINK GLOBALLY, ACT LOCALLY AND NATIONALLY!
2. Working together to synergize our efforts and closer gaps (1) • Provide consistent and coherence policies and guidance • Clear principles –precautionary, proactive, continue learning and adaptive management, • Prioritise its climate change initiatives: adaptation/resilience, technology transfer, carbon market and climate risk financing. • Developing climate risk management scenario for ASEAN, • Develop guidelines for investment and planning for private sector-banking in relation to climate resilience and risk management,
2. Working together to synergize our efforts and closer gaps (2) • Participate in Annual ASEAN Climate Change Partnership Conference, • Develop best practice approaches and clear guidance on adapting to the impacts and risks of climate across multiple sectors, esp doc of feedbacks from practitioners. • Strengthen and expedite implementation of ASEAN DRFI Roadmap and Programme. • Participate in Workshop on ASEAN Climate Finance Strategy (demand and supply), • Promote and strengthen cooperation between public –private sector, ASEAN and Banking for climate proof and resilient development: community of practices, share best practices and capacity building.
For More For more information on ASEAN cooperation on environment,
please visit the following websites:
Information
ASEAN Cooperation on Environment:
http://environment.asean.org
ASEAN Haze Action Online: ASEAN Environmental Education Inventory Database:
http://haze.asean.org http://aeeid.asean.org
ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity: China-ASEAN Environmental Cooperation Centre:
http://aseanbiodiversity.org http://chinaaseanenv.org/english/Environment Division ASEAN Secretariat Sisingamangaraja 70 A Jakarta 12110 6221-7262991 http://environment.asean.org EnvironmentDivision@asean.org
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