CAIRNHILL 16 AGENT SALES KIT - Not for circulation and not to send to consumers.
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NAVIGATION Project Info Location Vicinity Site Plan Schematic Floor Plans Fittings Market Analysis Rental Analysis CMA Limited Future CCR Resale VS No Oversupply ABSD Concerns Freehold Supply Prices Trending New Launch In The Market in District 9 Towards $4000psf 2030: Double Orchard The Price Masterplan
• TSKY is a residential and mixed-use property developer in Singapore. As a JV between industry veterans Tiong Seng and Ocean Sky, we are able to tap on the expertise and experience of our parent companies as well as explore better ways to design and build contemporary properties. • When designing our properties, we always take the time to understand and address how customer needs are changing. When building our properties, we are able to always consider and evaluate new technology to create smart spaces that work for people. With us, you will always enjoy properties with the best of form and function. ß Back to navigation
PROJECT INFO Eco-luxury Ecologically and socially responsible – prestigious Greenmark Gold Plus certification Selection of environmentally friendly materials - Textured natural paint, environmentally friendly Hybrid engineered wood flooring, Green Initiatives – dedicated recycling chute, energy efficient fittings Energy Efficient Fittings – LED lighting, energy efficient air conditioning system and applicances Eco-friendly universal electric vehicle chargers for the residents to use Curated artwork featured in the common spaces ß Back to navigation
CAIRNHILL ß Back to navigation
SCHOOLS • Raffles Girls School • Singapore Chinese Girls School • ACS (Barker Road) • ACS Junior • River Valley Primary School • St Margaret’s Primary School ß Back to navigation
MEDICAL • Mount Elizabeth Hospital • Paragon Medical Centre ß Back to navigation
TRANSPORT ß Back to navigation
SITE PLAN & FACILITIES ß Back to navigation
SITE PLAN Common spaces/ facilities The grand and lush entrance lobby at the first storey exudes elegance and sophistication, welcoming the residents and guiding them to the luxurious lift lobby. Despite having a small site area, the landscape design for Cairnhill Heights capitalizes on vertical greening with two sky terraces and a landscaped roof top creating a landscape experience which is magnified and makes the ground space feel bigger than it is. A series of manicured geometric wave lines were introduced onto the ground plane, breaking up the linearity of the building architecture with parts of the groundscape disappearing into the woods. These lines were inspired by landforms displaying geometrically repetitive movements and rhythmic folding patterns that slip and slide. They are used to guide the forming of all landscape components of the ground level, translating them into landscape amenities such as swimming pool, water features, passageway, planters, seatwalls, pavement patterns etc. >40% landscape replacement area These amenities will cater to the diverse lifestyle aspirations of the users and provide a holistic living environment for the residents. ß Back to navigation
SITE PLAN Facilities - Ground floor • Entrance drop-off featuring 16 water candles as a strong focal and memorable physical address for the development • Lobby textured feature wall gives an illusion of movement, which uplifts and inspires arrival. • A 20m azure pool appears as it originates from the woods, gently vanishing over an infinity edge beckoning residents for a rejuvenating afternoon respite. • An iconic 2-storey multipurpose pavilion with a feature tree that overlooks to the pools and landscape in the development. • A kid’s pool with water bubblers. • A long linear 3-4m tall green cage was proposed creating a cosy, private secluded corner for a Jacuzzi Pool with a trellis above it. • Indoor gym – overlooking the landscape and pool. ß Back to navigation
SITE PLAN 2nd Storey Fitness Terrace To allow users to enjoy fitness activity in a natural setting, having a holistic approach to wellness ß Back to navigation
SITE PLAN 7th Storey Reading Terrace A landscape area with casual outdoor furniture to allow users to Indulge and contemplate in the surrounding greenery. ß Back to navigation
SITE PLAN Roof Terrace A Teppanyaki themed outdoor dining with refined facilities such as a wine cooler/ fridge, electrical/ gas operating hot plate, granite counter top with sink and adequate seating. A BBQ charcoal grill themed outdoor dining experience with facilities such as grill pit, granite countertop with sink and adequate seating. Linear water feature with bubblers and undulating planters at the background that give an upscale touch to the development as a point of interest. ß Back to navigation
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM ß Back to navigation
SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM • Private lift access for all units • Unit layout – meticulously designed with efficient use of space • Wide frontage – Living Dining areas side by side with flexibility for reconfiguration • Daylighting – full height curtain wall wraps around the corner of bedrooms to offer wide view angles • High Ceiling – 3.2 and 2.8 for all units. Additional height (4.2m and 2.8m) for 14th Storey units. • Luxurious fittings – imported kitchen, luxury branded kitchen appliances, rose gold luxury branded sanitary fittings, etc • Balcony Customised / bespoke sunshading screens provided for Type CS and Type D units along West facing façade (optional) ß Back to navigation
UNITS BREAKDOWN ß Back to navigation
FLOOR PLANS ß Back to navigation
FLOOR PLANS: 2 BEDROOM ß Back to navigation
FLOOR PLANS: 3 BEDROOM ß Back to navigation
FLOOR PLANS: 3 BEDROOM + STUDY ß Back to navigation
FLOOR PLANS: 4 BEDROOM ß Back to navigation
FITTINGS & FIXTURES ß Back to navigation
FITTINGS & FIXTURES ß Back to navigation
MARKET ANALYSIS ß Back to navigation
WHAT’S IN THE VICINITY ß Back to navigation
RENTAL ANALYSIS The Peak @ Cityvista Description The Vermont Hilltops Helios Residences Vida Cairnhill Residences Est. TOP 2014 2013 2011 2011 2010 2009 1 BR $2800 $3050 - - - $2700 2 BR - $4200 $7050 $6000 - $3600 3 BR - $6500 $9500 $7400 $6650 - 4 BR - $8100 $14000 $9500 $9000 - Median PSF $5.30 $5.25 $7.15 $4.90 $3.50 $4.90 HIGHEST PSF $6 $7.40 $16.92 $6.12 $4.81 $7 Estimated rental from past transaction. Source: SRX ß Back to navigation
RENTAL ANALYSIS Assumptive 2 BR 3 BR 3 BR 4 BR PSF + Study $6 Est $4650 Est $6330 Est $7750 Est $10,400 $7 Est $5425 Est $7385 Est $9000 Est $12,200 $8 Est $6200 Est $8440 Est $10,300 Est $13,900 ß Back to navigation
KYC Dist Project Tenure Est TOP Total Unit 1rm Size 1rm Psf 1rm Quantum 9 Lloyd Sixtyfive ( TOP sales) FH 2016 76 603 $ 3,939 $ 2,375,000 9 8 Hullet FH 2021 44 538 $ 3,400 $ 1,829,200 9 The Scotts Tower (TOP Sales) 103yrs 2017 231 624 $ 3,425 $ 2,137,451 9 Scotts Square ( TOP sales) FH 2014 338 624 $ 3,525 $ 2,199,300 10 Fourth Ave Residences 99yrs 2022 476 484 $ 2,231 $ 1,080,000 10 Wilshire Residences FH 2013 85 463 $ 2,592 $ 1,200,000 10 Petit Jervois FH 2022 55 581 $ 2,754 $ 1,600,000 10 3 Cuscaden FH 2021 96 420 $ 3,733 $ 1,568,042 10 Cuscaden Reserve 99yrs 2022 192 700 $ 3,369 $ 2,358,000 10 The Hyde FH 2022 117 465 $ 2,802 $ 1,387,000 Dist Project Tenure Est TOP Total Unit 2rm Size 2rm Psf 2rm Quantum 9 Martin Modern 99yrs 2022 450 764 $ 2,596 $ 1,893,000 9 The Peak@Cairnhill II (TOP sales) FH 2015 60 829 $ 2,850 $ 2,363,000 9 Lloyd Sixtyfive ( TOP sales) FH 2016 76 1830 $ 3,011 $ 5,147,000 9 RV Altitude FH 2022 140 441 $ 3,256 $ 1,436,000 9 8 St Thomas ( TOP Sales) FH 2018 250 807 $ 3,173 $ 2,561,000 9 Hilltop Residences (TOP Sales) FH 2012 240 1335 $ 3,446 $ 5,000,000 9 8 Hullet FH 2021 44 797 $ 3,468 $ 2,764,293 9 The Scotts Tower (TOP Sales) 103yrs 2017 231 807 $ 3,716 $ 2,998,516 9 The Peak @ Cairnhill II (TOP Sales) FH 2015 60 829 $ 2,850 $ 2,363,000 10 Fourth Ave Residences 99yrs 2022 476 646 $ 2,195 $ 1,418,000 10 Wilshire Residences FH 2013 85 646 $ 2,554 $ 1,650,000 10 Juniper Hill FH 2022 115 581 $ 2,689 $ 1,592,000 10 3 Orchard By The Park ( TOP Sales) FH 2018 77 1066 $ 3,100 $ 3,305,000 10 120 Grange FH 2021 56 570 $ 3,242 $ 1,848,000 10 Boulevard 88 FH 2022 154 1313 $ 3,393 $ 4,455,000 10 Cuscaden Reserve 99yrs 2022 192 807 $ 3,423 $ 2,762,600 10 The Hyde FH 2022 117 678 $ 2,801 $. 1,899,000 Disclaimer: Prices are subjected to changes without notice, please confirm prices with respective projects IC. Last updated as of 11th Dec 2019 ß Back to navigation
KYC Dist Project Tenure Est TOP Total Unit 3rm Size 3rm Psf 3rm Quantum 9 Lloyd Sixtyfive ( TOP sales) FH 2016 76 2422 $ 2,889 $ 6,996,000 9 Martin Modern 99yrs 2022 450 1087 $ 2,860 $ 3,108,900 9 8 St Thomas ( TOP Sales) FH 2018 250 1302 $ 3,069 $ 3,996,000 9 Hilltop Residences (TOP Sales) FH 2012 240 1550 $ 3,548 $ 5,500,000 9 The Scotts Tower (TOP Sales) 103yrs 2017 231 1227 $ 3,829 $ 4,697,792 9 TwentyOne Angullia Park (TOP Sales) FH 2014 54 2260 $ 3,995 $ 9,028,000 10 Wilshire Residences FH 2013 85 840 $ 2,651 $ 2,227,000 10 Juniper Hill FH 2022 115 958 $ 2,730 $ 2,615,000 10 Boulevard 88 FH 2022 154 1776 $ 3,302 $ 5,864,000 10 Cuscaden Reserve 99yrs 2022 192 1152 $ 3,658 $ 4,214,000 10 The Hyde FH 2022 117 1,249 $ 2,799 $ 3,496,000 Dist Project Tenure Est TOP Total Unit 4rm Size 4rm Psf 4rm Quantum 9 Martin Modern 99yrs 2022 450 1733 $ 2,588 $ 4,485,000 9 8 St Thomas ( TOP Sales) FH 2018 250 1744 $ 3,174 $ 5,536,000 9 Hilltop Residences (TOP Sales) FH 2012 240 2465 $ 3,550 $ 8,750,000 9 The Ritz-Carlton Residences ( TOP sales) FH 2011 58 2831 $ 3,900 $ 11,040,000 9 Le Nouvel Ardmore (TOP Sales) FH 2014 43 3961 $ 4,494 $ 17,800,000 10 Wilshire Residences FH 2013 85 1270 $ 2,700 $ 3,430,400 10 The Oliv@Balmoral ( TOP sales) FH 2013 23 3337 $ 3,207 $ 10,700,000 10 Juniper Hill FH 2022 115 1970 $ 2,797 $ 5,511,000 10 White house Residence ( TOP sales) FH 2013 12 3100 $ 2,951 $ 9,149,400 10 3 Orchard By The Park ( TOP Sales) FH 2018 77 2260 $ 3,500 $ 7,910,000 10 Boulevard 88 FH 2022 154 2756 $ 3,651 $ 10,063,200 10 The Hyde FH 2022 117 1572 $ 2,799 $ 4,400,000 Disclaimer: Prices are subjected to changes without notice, please confirm prices with respective projects IC. Last updated as of 11th Dec 2019 ß Back to navigation
CMA Disclaimer: Prices are subjected to changes without notice, please confirm prices with respective projects IC. Last updated as of 11th Dec 2019 ß Back to navigation
MARKET SENTIMENTS ß Back to navigation
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ß Back to navigation BUSINESS TIMES: 6 Jun 2019 Source: URA, ERA Research
GLS CONFIRMED LIST Source: URA, ERA Research ß Back to navigation
TODAY: 11 AUG 2018 Source: URA, ERA Research ß Back to navigation
Source: URA, ERA Research ß Back to navigation
UPCOMING SUPPLY IN D9 & D10 Potential no. of Location / Project Name Developer Land Cost (psf / ppr) units The Avenir 376 Hong Leong / Guocoland / Hong Realty $1,806 The Iveria (Riviera Point) 51 Macly Group $1,461 The Atelier (Makeway View) 154 Bukit Sembwang Estates $1,626 Hyll on Holland 179 FEC Properties $1,654 - $1,703 (The Estoril & Hollandia) Van Holland (Toho Mansion) 97 Koh Brothers $1,805 15 Holland Hill (Olina Lodge) 128 Kheng Leong $1,712 Leedon Green (Tulip Gardens) 670 Yanlord / MCL Land $1,790 City Towers 190 Cheung Kong $1,847 One Holland Village 200+ Far East $1,888 Cairnhill 16 (Cairnhill Heights) 42 Tiong Seng / Ocean Sky $1,914 Cairnhill Mansions 200 Low Keng Huat $2,311 Eden 20 Swire Properties $2,526 14/14A Nassim Road 86 Shun Tak $2,744 Park House 120 Shun Tak $2,910 KOPAR @ Newton 435 CEL $1,192 Kampong Java Road (GLS) Total 2,948+ Source: URA, ERA Research ß Back to navigation
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SURGE IN LUXURY HOME SALES >$3500PSF Source: URA, ERA Research ß Back to navigation
“We have not seen those numbers (of foreigners buying super luxury homes in Singapore) since the first quarter of 2007.” SCMP: 25 Sep 2019 Source: URA, ERA Research ß Back to navigation
UPCOMING PRICES TRENDING TOWARDS $4000 PSF $3136.97 The Avenir (D9, CS) $2,727.80 $1,806 $3,187.80 Crystal Tower (D10, CS) $2,772.00 $1,840 $3,198.27 City Towers (D10, CS) $2,781.10 $1,847 $3,259.56 One Holland (D10, GLS) $2,834.40 $1,888 Cairnhill Heights (D9, CS) $3,494.28 $3,038.50 ?? $2,045 $3,805.24 Royal Oak Residences (D10, CS) $3,308.90 $2,253 $3,893.44 Cairnhill Mansion (D9, CS) $3,385.60 $2,312 $3,990.62 Cuscaden Reserve (D10, GLS) $3,470.10 $2,377 $4,787.45 Park House (D10, CS) $4,163.00 $2,910 Est Selling $PSF Breakeven Price Sold ß Back to navigation Source: URA, ERA Research
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DEVELOPER’S PRICING PHASE STRATEGY First Mover Advantage 1) Developers will launch in phases 2) Prices will increase for every phase ß Back to navigation
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New launch: Approx $17xx psf Resale: Approx $13xx psf ß Back to navigation
New launch: Approx $22xx psf Resale: Approx $22xx psf ß Back to navigation
CONCLUSION 1. First-mover advantage 2. Newer facilities and more attractive features 3. Lower cost of maintenance and repairs 4. Wider range of unit choices 5. Prices will increase for every phase ß Back to navigation
CCR NEW LAUNCHES RESALE CONDOS 44% PRICE GROWTH. 38% PRICE GROWTH. New Launches median price growth $531 psf Resale Condos median price growth $383 psf Ave. size = 1,330 sqft Price growth disparity Source: URA, ERA Research and Consultancy $196,840 ß Back to navigation
CCR RESALE CASE STUDY: THE SAIL (COMPLETED 2008) Address Area (sqm) Transacted Unit Price ($psf) Sale Date Price 2 Marina Boulevard 62 $1,274,000 Dec 2014 #1X-XX $1,792 2 Marina Boulevard 62 $1,368,000 $2,123 Feb 2019 #1X-XX Profit: $94,000 Source: URA, ERA Research and Consultancy ß Back to navigation
CCR NEW LAUNCH CASE STUDY: MARINA ONE RESIDENCES (LAUNCHED 2014) Address Area (sqm) Transacted Unit Price ($psf) Sale Date Price 21 Marina Way 65 $1,496,700 $2,139 Oct 2014 #1X-XX 21 Marina Way 65 $1,700,000 $2,430 Feb 2019 #1X-XX Profit: $203,300 216% more than resale condo! Source: URA, ERA Research and Consultancy ß Back to navigation
RCR NEW LAUNCHES RESALE CONDOS 33% PRICE GROWTH. 28% PRICE GROWTH. New Launches median price growth $352 psf Resale Condos median price growth $197 psf Ave. size = 1,050 sqft Price growth disparity $162,750 Source: URA, ERA Research and Consultancy ß Back to navigation
RCR RESALE CASE STUDY: THE METROPOLITAN CONDOMINIUM (COMPLETED 2009) Address Area (sqm) Transacted Unit Price ($psf) Sale Date Price 8 Alexandra View 130 $1,870,000 $1,336 Oct 2014 #3X-XX 8 Alexandra View 130 $2,012,000 $1,438 Feb 2019 #3X-XX Profit: $142,000 Source: URA, ERA Research and Consultancy ß Back to navigation
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DEVELOPER’S TRACK RECORD • Atra in D3 • Parc Emily in D9 • Hilltops in D9 • Wilkie Studio in D9 • The Wharf Residence in D9 • Volari @ Balmoral in D10 • Sloane Residences in D10 • The Panorama in D20 • Eco Sanctuary in D23 • …and many more ß Back to navigation
NO OVERSUPPLY IN THE MARKET ß Back to navigation
UNSOLD INVENTORY LEVELS BELOW AVERAGE 35 ß Back to navigation
UNSOLD INVENTORY WILL START FALLING AS HOME SALES OUTPACE THE SHARP SLOWDOWN IN LAND ACQUISITIONS. 3Q’18 Potential Supply low at ~45,000 compared to historical high of ~68,000 (2Q’11) Assuming a 5y cycle, annual new units launch rate of ~9,000 units 80,000 160 Non-Landed Residential Units in the URA Residential Price Index 70,000 140 60,000 120 50,000 100 40,000 Pipeline 80 30,000 60 20,000 10,000 40 0 20 Planned Private Resi & EC Units with and without Pre-requisites for sale and unsold Period URA Property Price Index ß Back to navigation
SHARP SLOWDOWN IN LAND ACQUISITIONS No more new projects Fewer new projects from Enbloc Sales from GLS ß Back to navigation
PIPELINE SUPPLY ALREADY STARTING TO DROP Falling Pipeline Supply Fewer confirmed GLS list (From En bloc & GLS) (Condo & EC) ß Back to navigation
PRIVATE HOUSING SUPPLY BELOW HISTORICAL HIGH & SET TO FALL. • Developers likely keep pricing firm and pace their launches for 2019 • 15y average annual new sales of ~12,200 units • > than annual new launch rate of ~9,000 units Uncompleted & Completed 25,000 $1,800 Private Residential Units $1,600 20,000 $1,400 $1,200 15,000 $1,000 Sold $800 10,000 $600 $400 5,000 $200 0 $0 New PrrivateHome Sales Buying opportunities Source: URA, ERA Research ß Back to navigation
ABSD ß Back to navigation
ABSD IS HAPPENING EVERYWHERE Hong Kong 30% New South British Wales Columbia 8% 20% Highest ABSD Rate Singapore for Foreigners 20% United Toronto Kingdom 15% 12% Vancouver 15% Source: Christie White Paper 2018, Wealth Seminar – Calvin Sin ß Back to navigation
SINGAPORE PROPERTY PRICES INCREASED 2.6X TO 3X IN LAST 15 YEARS! $3,000 $2,500 CCR New Home Price PSF TRIPLED in last 15 years ($899psf - $2,704psf) – Fuelled by foreigner Demand Median Price PSF $2,000 RCR New Home Price PSF increased 2.8x in last 15 years ($615psf - $1,736psf) $1,500 $1,000 $500 OCR New Home Price PSF increased 2.6x in last 15 years ($506psf - $1,331psf) $0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018YTD Period OCR Median Price PSF RCR Median Price PSF CCR Median Price PSF Source; URA, ERA Research ß Back to navigation
MORGAN STANLEY: PROPERTY PRICE TO DOUBLE BY 2030 ß Back to navigation
2017 (Morgan Stanley) ß Back to navigation
Property prices is forecast to rise by 5% each year on a per square foot (psf) basis from 2018 to 2030. -Morgan Stanley Source: Business Times, 14 Apr 2017 ß Back to navigation
Year Price ($psf) 2017 $1,000.0 2018 $1,054.8 2019 $1,112.6 IN ORDER FOR PRIVATE 2020 $1,173.6 RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY 2021 $1,237.9 2022 $1,305.7 PRICE TO DOUBLE BY 2023 $1,377.3 2030, THERE MUST BE 2024 $1,452.7 2025 $1,532.4 5.48% P.A. GROWTH. 2026 $1,616.3 2027 $1,704.9 2028 $1,798.3 2029 $1,896.9 2030 $2,000.8 ß Back to navigation
OVERALL PRIVATE PROPERTY PRICE INDEX HAS BEEN ON UPTREND SINCE 2017 All residential properties price index (exclude EC) * Flash estimate Source: URA, ERA Research & Consultancy ß Back to navigation
NATIONWIDE PRIVATE PROPERTY PRICE ANNUAL GROWTH RATE > 5% FOR YEAR 2018 & 2019 CCR RCR OCR All Private Nationwide Non- Non- Non- Residential* Non-landed* landed* landed* landed* 2018 + 7.9% + 8.3% + 6.7% + 7.4% + 9.4% 1Q - 3Q 2019 + 2.1% + 2.7% + 0.1% + 6.0% + 2.1% *Note: Rate of annual growth of property price index Source: URA, ERA Research & Consultancy ß Back to navigation
PRICES FOR NEW LAUNCHES ARE CONSISTENTLY INCREASING IN PAST 5 YEARS Median unit price ($psf) of New Launches +1.9% +12.0% +4.0% +8.1% Source: URA, ERA Research & Consultancy ß Back to navigation
MEDIAN PRICES FOR NON-LANDED PROPERTIES IN ALL MARKET SEGMENTS INCREASED > 5% LAST YEAR +7.9% +6.9% +9.9% Source: URA, ERA Research & Consultancy ß Back to navigation
ORCHARD MASTERPLAN ß Back to navigation
MP 2019 - ORCHARD • To transform Orchard Road into a lifestyle destination • Offer experiences to bring out the unique identity of its four sub-precincts - Tanglin, Orchard, Somerset and Dhoby Ghaut • There are opportunities to introduce new retail concepts, lifestyle attractions and events to enhance the unique experience of each sub-precinct. ß Back to navigation
MP 2019 - ORCHARD ß Back to navigation
NEW LIFESTYLE EXPERIENCE AT TANGLIN The conserved Tudor Court can house a greater diversity of uses, including arts and cultural offerings. The covered canal behind can be turned into an attractive courtyard space enlivened with public art and outdoor dining, making it a focal area for local residents and hotel guests. ß Back to navigation
NEW MIXED USE DEVELOPMENTS AT ORCHARD INTERCHANGE The vacant State Land parcels at Orchard Boulevard present opportunities for exciting mixed-use developments above the upcoming Thomson-East Coast Line Orchard Interchange MRT, which can also be connected to Orchard Road via bustling side streets. Source: URA, ERA Research ß Back to navigation
INCREASE IN PLOT RATIOS: ORCHARD Source: URA, DBS, ERA Research ß Back to navigation
HIGHER REVISED PLOT RATIOS – ORCHARD / SOMERSET / DHOBY GHAUT Source: URA, DBS Bank, ERA Research ß Back to navigation
FUTURE MIXED-USE DEVELOPMENT IN ORCHARD • Housing – there will be a future mixed-use development at the upcoming Thomson-East Coast Line Orchard Interchange MRT station ß Back to navigation
MP 2019 - ORCHARD ß Back to navigation
MP 2019 - NEW EVENT SPACE AT SOMERSET The car park at Grange Road has hosted retail and F&B events. With rapid evolving trends and demand for more events, the car park can be transformed into a dedicated events space with dining and entertainment to form a cluster of lifestyle offerings with the Design Orchard showcase across the street. ß Back to navigation
MP 2019 - AN OASIS IN THE CITY AT DHOBY GHAUT Source: URA, ERA Research The existing green open spaces above Dhoby Ghaut MRT station provide respite from the hustle and bustle of Orchard Road. The large mature trees, wide open spaces and pleasant shade stand in contrast with the surrounding hotels and shopping malls ß Back to navigation
CONCLUSION Wherever transformation is, it attracts foreign and local investors’ attention. More Attention = More Demand ß Back to navigation
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