BUILDING CAREER PATHWAYS TO SUCCESS: JERSEY CITY NEW SKILLS AT WORK - Jersey City ...
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BUILDING CAREER PATHWAYS TO SUCCESS:
JERSEY CITY NEW SKILLS AT WORK
Contents
Acknowledgements 1
Welcome 2
Executive Summary 5
Introduction 13
Sales and Service Opportunities in Transportation,
Logistics and Distribution 23
Opportunities in Business Support 33
Recommendations 41
Appendix A: Methodology 48
Appendix B. Supplemental Analyses 50
Appendix C: Regional Experts Consulted 52
ii Jersey City New Skills at Work
Acknowledgements
Building Career Pathways to Success: Jersey City New Skills at Work is the product of
a committed group of collaborators dedicated to supporting a strong workforce and a
vibrant regional economy. The Office of the Mayor of Jersey City and the Jersey City
Economic Development Corporation appreciate the work of all of their partners in
producing this report.
We thank JPMorgan Chase & Co. for their generous Brathwaite, Policy Advisor, with support from Jamie
support and, in particular, Jennie Sparandara, Ding, Americorps Vista Volunteer, Debra Dolgos,
Vice President of Global Philanthropy and Michael Americorps Vista Volunteer, Sarah Goldfarb, Director
Haberman, Managing Director, Head of Global of Policy and Research, Jersey City Redevelopment
Philanthropy for the Northeast Region, for having Agency, and Zaire Simone, former Americorps Vista
included our region in the New Skills at Work Volunteer.
initiative that has provided funding to cities and
regions across the globe to identify careers in Finally, Chairwoman Rosemary McFadden and
high demand, middle-skill occupations, and the Florence Brown, Development Officer of the Jersey
educational programs required to support them. City Economic Development Corporation, deserve
credit and appreciation for their leadership and
The New York City Labor Market Information support.
Service (NYCLMIS) served as our expert research
and report development team. Our appreciation This report is just the first step, however. At the
goes to NYCLMIS’ director, Lesley Hirsch, and to its New Skills at Work Summit, we will work with
researchers, Yuemeng Zhang, Pamela Hoberman, our partners to pursue next steps in using key
and Ronnie Kauder, for joining us as engaged findings and recommendations from this report as
partners on this project. From the Office of the the foundation for future collaboration in support
Mayor of Jersey City, this project was spearheaded of preparing our workforce for middle-skill career
by Vivian Brady-Phillips, Deputy Mayor and Natalie opportunities.
At JPMorgan Chase, we believe we have a fundamental at Work initiative represents an outgrowth of this mission of
responsibility to help our clients and our communities navigate partnering with business to build the economy while creating
a complex global economy and address their economic and opportunities for our residents.
social challenges. We use our strength, global reach, exper-
tise, relationships, and access to capital to make a positive The New York City Labor Market Information Service
impact in cities around the world. We are making long-term (NYCLMIS) at the City University of New York Graduate Center
commitments to workforce readiness, growing small business- is the go-to resource for action-oriented intelligence about
es, improving consumer financial health and supporting strong the labor market. We provide timely and accurate information
urban economies, because these efforts are good for our about the labor market to help educators, workforce profes-
communities and for our company. sionals, economic development organizations, and philanthro-
pies make data-driven decisions that will help their students,
Since its incorporation in 1980, the Jersey City Economic customers, and constituencies achieve success in the labor
Development Corporation (JCEDC) has pursued its singular market. We are dedicated to academic-quality rigor, close
mission to promote, encourage, and assist the industrial, com- collaboration with our clients, advancing the skills of the work-
mercial, and economic development of the City of Jersey City force, and contributing to a healthy economy.
creating greater employment opportunities. The New Skills
Acknowledgements 1
Welcome
At JPMorgan Chase & Co. promoting economic inclusion and opportunity is one of
our top priorities. However, every day we hear from our business clients—firms of all
sizes, in every sector of the economy across the globe—about the challenges they face
finding workers with the right skills for a range of jobs.
In particular, they are struggling to fill middle-skill Our strategy is grounded in the recognition that
jobs—jobs that require a high school diploma and building the bridge between jobs and training starts
some postsecondary education and training, but not with data. To this end, we have released skills gap
a bachelor's degree. In the U.S., these jobs in fields research in markets across the country. This report
such as healthcare, technology, construction, and detailing the labor market of Jersey City and the
manufacturing make up close to half the jobs in the surrounding communities of Hudson County, New
economy. Middle-skill jobs pay wages that make Jersey, is an important addition to this body of work.
families economically self-sufficient and are the It is only with a clearer picture of the jobs employers
entry point for career pathways in growing economic are struggling to fill that we can focus on solutions.
sectors.
Jennie Sparandara
As one of the world's largest financial services JPMorgan Chase Global Philanthropy
firms, we believe that our understanding of this
challenge, our philanthropic resources, and our
ability to connect stakeholders can contribute to
solutions that boost business productivity and create
opportunities for job seekers. To help address this
issue we launched New Skills at Work, a $250 million,
five-year global initiative to help shape the roadmap
for a future in which economic opportunity is more
widely shared.
2 Jersey City New Skills at Work
Dear Friends, Jersey City is experiencing an unprecedented
renaissance in job growth and economic development. The city’s
vibrancy and diversity is attracting businesses large and small
as well as ongoing investment in commercial and residential
development, which has led to a steady and significant decline in
unemployment.
As our local economy continues to grow, it is vital and build a robust system that meets the needs of
for us to ensure that all residents have meaningful our business community and diverse workforce.
access to employment opportunities that meet the This report offers important data-driven insights that
demands of the business community and offer identify the job skills needs of local employers and
residents career opportunities that provide pathways recommendations regarding how to improve our
to advancement and financial security. middle-skills pipeline.
Since taking office, our administration has been We thank JPMorgan Chase & Co. for its vision,
committed to strengthening the workforce pipeline guidance, and the generous funding it has provided
by pursuing policies that create jobs, invest in to make this report and our Middle Skills Workforce
quality training programs, and provide access Summit possible. I also extend thanks to all of our
to employment. While much progress has been partners in the education, non-profit and private
made in connecting local talent with the labor sectors that contributed their insight to this project.
market, many residents—particularly those in the Finally, this report would not have been possible
city’s underserved communities—continue to face without the dedicated work of the NYC Labor Market
barriers to meaningful participation in the workforce. Information Service at CUNY, our research partner,
Middle-skill jobs—those requiring more than a high who worked diligently towards ensuring that the
school diploma but less than a bachelor degree— process included a data-driven approach and
account for a significant number of employment reflected the diverse perspectives and expertise of
opportunities in the region. More specifically, many our local stakeholders and experts.
middle-skill jobs can offer Jersey City residents
access to well-paying positions with career mobility This report will help with the consolidation of efforts
in high-demand occupational sectors. to build the Jersey City workforce and contribute to
the region’s continued prosperity. Together, we are
In collaboration with the Jersey City Economic uniquely positioned to build upon past and recent
Development Corporation, key stakeholders in successes, and work towards building a strong,
the business community, public sector, education, sustainable and skilled workforce. I look forward to
training and youth development, Jersey City's seeing what we can accomplish together.
New Skills at Work Initiative provides a strong
foundation and framework to more closely align Sincerely,
our economic and workforce development efforts Mayor Steven M. Fulop
Welcome 3
4 Jersey City New Skills at Work
Executive Summary
Strengthening connections to middle-skill opportunities for Jersey City residents is
vital to the city’s continued economic growth. In 2015, JPMorgan Chase & Co. awarded
a grant under its New Skills at Work Global Initiative to the Jersey City Economic
Development Corporation (JCEDC) to identify high-demand, middle-skill opportunities in
the labor market and to apply findings from this research toward helping local residents
gain the education and skills they need to access these opportunities and advance in
their careers, and in so doing, contribute to the region’s continued prosperity.
The research reflected in this report—part of a
Defining “Middle-Skill”
larger effort led by the JCEDC in partnership with Middle-skill jobs typically require more than a high school
the Office of the Mayor in Jersey City—provides a diploma, but less than a bachelor’s degree. This additional
supportive context for creating pathways for Jersey training could be technical education, an apprenticeship,
City’s residents and talent pipelines for the business some college and no degree, or an associate degree.
community. Middle-skill occupations typically pay more than occu-
pations requiring a high school diploma or less. Good
Why Middle-Skill Jobs? middle-skill jobs can often serve as a stepping-stone on a
career path to higher-paying jobs with greater potential,
In keeping with the overall objectives of JPMorgan including those that require a bachelor’s degree or more.
Chase’s national initiative, Jersey City’s major goal
was to create better connections for all residents to
career-worthy jobs. The purpose of this report was to:
uu
Recommend ways that the region can enhance
uu
Identify those well-paying, high-demand middle- its capacity to prepare people for employment
skill occupational areas with career advancement and advancement in these occupational areas.
opportunities for which there may not be—for
whatever the reason—an adequate pipeline of uu
Facilitate collaboration among the region’s
qualified candidates. key stakeholders to shape the research and
recommendations, and to implement an action plan.
Executive Summary 5
Why Jersey City?1 Associate degree or
Bachelor's degree or greater
some college
Black
•• 27%
•• 18%
Hispanic
•• 21%
• 16%
White
• 16%
••••• 55%
■■ Most densely populated
county in NJ
Asian/PI
• 10%
••••••• 71%
■■ Largest city in Hudson
County, NJ In Jersey City, there are substantial differences in
■■ Hudson County seat the educational attainment of major racial and ethnic
■■ One of the most racially and groups. More Black Jersey City residents have an
ethnically diverse counties associate degree or some college than any other
nationwide racial or ethnic group in the city. A majority of White
and Asian residents hold at least a bachelor’s degree
compared to fewer than one in five of the Black and
Jersey City is recognized by many as one of the most Hispanic populations.
racially and ethnically diverse cities in the United
States.
••• ••
Native Foreign
born born
29% 22% 24% 25%
More than two in five Jersey City residents were
0% 50%100%
born outside of the U.S. While Jersey City is
Hispanic White Asian/PI Black
socioeconomically diverse, income disparities
remain. For every household earning at least
$150,000 annually, nearly two households earn less
than $25,000.
All Other, 23%
$150.0K
$$$ 15%
Working Age, 77%
$100.0K–$149.9K
$$$ 16%
$75.0K–$99.9K
$$ 10%
$50K–$74.9K
$$$ 15%
Jersey City’s labor force is young: more than half
of Jersey City’s residents are in their prime working
$25.5K–$49.9K
$$$ 18%
years (ages 25 to 54). < $25.0K
$$$$$ 27%
1 The results cited in this report are from the most currently available data as of November 2016.
6 Jersey City New Skills at Work
Jersey City’s Labor Force and the Hudson County Labor Market
Jersey City has made considerable progress
lowering its unemployment rate from its pre-
recession high. At 4.8 percent as of November 2016,
Finance and
Insurance $$$$$$$ 15%
Jersey City is enjoying low unemployment that is Health Care and
13%
converging with the statewide average. Social Assistance
Retail Trade
13%
4.9%
Transportation and
Warehousing 10%
Together, Finance and Insurance, Health Care and
Social Assistance, Retail Trade, and Transportation
4.8%
and Warehousing account for half of all jobs in
Hudson County.
Jersey City New Jersey
Finance and Insurance
Health Care and Social Assistance
Retail Trade
Across the U.S., unemployment is more common
Education
among youth and young adults ages 16 to 24;
Transportation and Warehousing
this holds true in Jersey City as well. As of
Government
September 2016, 13 percent of youth ages 16 to 18
Professional and Technical Services
and 11 percent of young adults ages 18 to 24 are
Accommodation and Food Services
unemployed.
Wholesale Trade
Administrative and Waste Services
Other Services
16–18
•••••••••••• 13%
Manufacturing
Information
Construction
18–24
••••••••••• 11% Real Estate and Rental and Leasing
Mgmt of Companies and Enterprises 2012 Employment
•••••
2022 Projection
All residents 5.3% Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation
Utilities
All but three sectors are projected to add jobs by
2022 with the greatest gains projected to occur in
Professional, Technical, and Scientific Services.
Executive Summary 7
TLD SALES AND SERVICE CAREER PATHS
KEY ACCOUNT IMPORT/EXPORT MGR OF CUSTOMS
CLIENT MANAGER
MANAGER MANAGER BROKERAGE
$58K
$67K $66K $66K
+ bachelor's
+ bachelor's + bachelor's + bachelor's
SALES SUPERVISOR/ CUSTOMER SERVICE IMPORT/EXPORT
CUSTOMS BROKER
SR. AGENT COORDINATOR/AGENT COORDINATOR/SUPERVISOR
$52K
$51K $35K $47K
+ associate
+ associate + associate + associate
SALES REP/SALES CUSTOMER SERVICE
IMPORT/EXPORT AGENT ENTRY WRITER
COORDINATOR REPRESENTATIVE
$41K $35K
$40K $29K
SALES CUSTOMER SERVICE FREIGHT FORWARDING CUSTOMS
Source | PayScale.com & Salary.com; salaries reflect Hudson County, NJ
Why Now? economic and cultural vitality. The Jersey City New
Jersey City is experiencing unprecedented growth Skills at Work Initiative is focused on addressing this
and development. challenge.
The waterfront along the Hudson River, occupied Promising Middle-Skill Fields
by rail yards and factories for much of the 19th and Transportation, Logistics, and Distribution (TLD)
20th centuries, has been transformed into the “Gold
Coast,” one of the largest financial districts in the uu
Employment growth in the industry has
United States. Located at the crossroads of the New outpaced the county’s overall private sector
York City metropolitan area and with easy access to growth six-fold.
sea, air, rail, and road transportation, Jersey City has
many attractive aspects: high-skilled, high-paying uu
Average annual wages in TLD are higher and
professional services and finance jobs along the have increased faster than wages in the private
waterfront, a growing health care industry and jobs sector overall.
in transportation, logistics, and distribution. But
while many residents are highly educated, one in uu
TLD is one of seven “Talent Networks” identified
five residents lives under the poverty line. by the New Jersey Department of Labor and
Workforce Development as an economic priority.
This contrast presents an opportunity for education
and workforce professionals and policy makers to uu
Recent investments in degree and non-degree
help all residents better capitalize on Jersey City’s education and training programs can be
8 Jersey City New Skills at Workexpanded upon to broaden opportunities for services TLD firms and education and training
Jersey City residents to start and advance in TLD institutions to raise the level of awareness of
careers. opportunities within the sector. The industry
partnership should:
uu
Across the board, interviewed employers
indicated a need to create a greater public Put into place a pipeline of nondegree
awareness of the opportunities available in their and degree offerings available to prepare
industry. students for entry and advancement in
sales and service career pathways;
While there are many job opportunities on the
transportation and warehousing end of TLD, the Work together to ensure that programs are
most promising opportunities for advancement are aligned to industry demand; and
in the industry’s professional services firms. The
four occupational areas selected as the focus of this Connect to the State of New Jersey’s “TLD”
report are: Talent Pipeline hosted by Union County
College upon establishing the Jersey City/
uu
Import and export agents/freight forwarders Hudson County industry partnership.
who coordinate the transportation of cargo (by
rail, truck, ocean, air) from the manufacturer or 2. Focus on aligning education and employer
producer to a market, customer, or distribution training programs to industry demand.
center. ■■ Encourage firms in the sector to partner
with K-12 schools and higher education
uu
Customs brokers who track the status of their institutions to provide work-based learning
clients’ international shipments and ensure that opportunities such as job shadowing, or paid
they are cleared through the various regulatory internships or apprenticeships.
requirements of international trade.
■■ Develop paid summer externship
uu
Customer service representatives (CSRs) who opportunities for secondary and
serve as the primary contacts for customers postsecondary business administration
within an organization. educators in TLD firms so that they can
update their awareness and understanding of
uu
Sales representatives who are responsible for the industry.
growing a company’s sales by establishing new
accounts, maintaining customer satisfaction, and ■■ Review national certifications and assess their
selling additional services to existing customers. value for providing their future workforce
with the needed competencies.
TLD Recommendations
There have been several investments and inroads ■■ Encourage industry investment in
made by local institutions of higher education to professional development for their existing
connect continuing education and degree programs workforce.
to the TLD industry. Until recently, these have
focused on making connections to the operations ■■ Consider offering a customs brokerage
segment of the industry. These offerings, while license examination preparation course at the
robust, should be supplemented with a more NJCU Logistics Center.
complete continuum of offerings that will help
Jersey City residents to enter and advance within the
sales and service career pathways described in this Business Support
report. Our recommendations include:
One of the largest areas of middle-skill employment
1. Strengthen partnerships and increase in Jersey City and Hudson County involves
stakeholder engagement. occupations that support the growth and operation
■■ Organize an industry partnership that of businesses. We call these jobs “business support,”
includes representatives of professional and they include workers who handle finances,
Executive Summary 9payroll, and human resources. The skills required are of existing training and education programs, the
transferrable across multiple industries, leading to a following fields were selected for focus:
greater scope of opportunities than may be found in
more specialized occupations. Professional services uu
Bookkeeping and accounting workers help
and all three of the top economic sectors in Hudson businesses and organizations keep track of their
County—finance and insurance, health care and finances. Their job titles often represent the
social assistance, and retail trade—employ people in work they do, which includes accounts payable,
these occupations. payroll, accounts receivable, and bookkeeping.
Based on an analysis of labor market demand, uu
Human resources workers screen, recruit,
advice from local industry employers, and a review interview, and place workers; compile personnel
records; help their employers comply with
BUSINESS SUPPORT CAREER PATHS
SR ACCOUNTANT ACCOUNTING HR MANAGER
$64K MANAGER $66K
+ bachelor's, CPA $71K + bachelor's or master's
preferred + bachelor's HR cert. preferred
OFFICE MANAGER HR SPECIALIST/
STAFF ACCOUNTANT
$48K GENERALIST
$51K
+ some college or $53K
+ bachelor's
associate + bachelor's
FULL CHARGE BOOKKEEPER
$44K + associate HR ASSISTANT
$40K
BOOKKEEPER + associate
$41K + associate
ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE
$38K PAYROLL CLERK
ACCOUNTS PAYABLE $39K
$37K
BOOKKEEPING AND ACCOUNTING HUMAN RESOURCES
Source | PayScale.com & Salary.com; salaries reflect Hudson County, NJ. Pay figures reflect median wages, which were supplied by PayScale.com, and represent
self-reported earnings in Jersey City, New Jersey.
10 Jersey City New Skills at Workemployment laws; and project future hiring General Recommendations
needs. While some jobs such as human
resources assistants are middle-skill jobs, 1. Identify ways that students can gain earlier
advancement into management often hinges on exposure to career opportunities in professional
obtaining a bachelor’s degree. services industries through activities such as
field trips, guest lectures, and job fairs.
Business Support Recommendations 2. Provide guidance to students on which courses
Jobs in bookkeeping and accounting are projected will lead to career-worthy opportunities.
to grow as fast as or faster than the statewide 3. Provide professional development to guidance
average. While there are education and training and career counselors in serving the needs of
programs that prepare people for bookkeeping and graduates that are not planning to continue
accounting occupations, the number of offerings and their formal education in the near term.
students enrolled is relatively modest in comparison 4. Develop education and training programs
to demand. To help students and job seekers take that help youth, young adults, and dislocated
advantage of demand for these jobs, Jersey City and workers reach higher levels of proficiency in
local stakeholders should: math, spreadsheet and database applications,
language and literacy, customer service, and
1. Target employers in all of the industries who general employability skills.
advertise for these jobs, including staffing 5. Map community assets, needs, and social
services. supports that will help residents overcome
2. Review relevant program offerings among local barriers to enrolling or persisting in school.
community colleges and universities to ensure 6. Develop linkages between both Municipal and
that they align with employer demand. County Court Systems and education/training
3. The workforce providers and industry partners opportunities for court-involved youth and
engaged in New Skills at Work action planning young adults.
should actively work with Hudson County 7. Education and workforce providers should keep
Community College to develop and roll out its current with trends pertaining to key sectors of
five-year strategic plan. the local and regional economy.
4. Develop paid summer externship opportunities 8. Improve public awareness of the opportunities
for secondary and postsecondary business available to those seeking middle-skill careers.
administration educators in the firms that 9. Leverage federal policies, programs, and
maintain the largest human resources and funding streams to improve opportunities
accounting workforce. for Jersey City residents in the knowledge
5. Encourage people in entry-level business economy.
support jobs and high school students 10. Advocate in the New Jersey State Legislature
interested in pursuing one of these fields to to adopt evidence-based workforce policies like
continue their education for an associate, and sector partnerships, career pathways, job-driven
then a bachelor’s degree. investments, data sharing, and education-
workforce alignment initiatives.
11. Improve bilingual offerings and education to
strengthen job skills for individuals.
12. Encourage policies and business practices that
make it easier for adults, young and old, to
continue their education even after they start
working.
Executive Summary 11Introduction
Jersey City is experiencing unprecedented growth and development. The waterfront
along the Hudson River, occupied by rail yards and factories for much of the 19th and
20th centuries, has transformed into the “Gold Coast,” one of the largest financial
districts in the United States. Jersey City capitalizes on its location at the crossroads
of the New York City metropolitan area with easy access to sea, air, rail, and road
transportation. Jersey City has an extraordinarily diverse population. It is a growing,
thriving, multicultural city.
Jersey City has many distinctive aspects: high-
skilled, high-paying jobs along the waterfront, Defining "Middle-Skill"
a growing health care industry, and jobs in Middle-skill jobs typically require more than a high school
transportation, logistics, and distribution. However, diploma, but less than a bachelor’s degree. This could be
while many residents are highly educated, one in technical training, an apprenticeship, some college, or an
five residents lives below the poverty line, and many associate degree. Good middle-skill jobs can help people
could benefit from additional education and training. transition out of lower paying jobs and into fields with better
pay and potential. Middle-skill occupations typically pay
This contrast presents an opportunity for education
more than occupations requiring a high school diploma or
and workforce professionals and policy makers to
less and often serve as a stepping-stone on a career path to
help all residents take better advantage of Jersey higher paying jobs, including those that require a bachelor’s
City’s economic and cultural vitality. The Jersey City degree or more.
New Skills at Work Initiative focuses on addressing
this challenge. For many, the best first step is to
secure the education and skills that will prepare
them for jobs at the middle-skill level—jobs that residents and talent pipelines for local businesses.
demand more than a high school diploma, but less In keeping with the overall objectives of JPMorgan
than a bachelor’s degree. Chase’s Initiative, Jersey City’s goals were to:
New Skills at Work uu
Identify well-paying, high-demand middle-skill
occupational areas with career advancement
In 2015, JPMorgan Chase & Co. awarded a grant opportunities.
under its New Skills at Work Global Initiative to the
Jersey City Economic Development Corporation uu
Recommend ways that the region can enhance
(JCEDC) to identify high-demand middle-skill its capacity to prepare people for employment
opportunities in the labor market, help local and advancement in these occupational areas.
residents gain the education and skills they need
to access these opportunities and advance in their uu
Facilitate collaboration among the region’s
careers, and in so doing, contribute to the region’s key stakeholders to shape the research and
continued prosperity. recommendations and to implement an
action plan.
The research reflected in this report—which is part
of a larger effort led by the Jersey City Economic
Development Corporation (JCEDC) in partnership with
the Jersey City Mayor’s Office—provides a supportive
context for creating pathways forJersey City’s
Introduction 13To achieve these goals, this initiative was: uu
Identifying occupations for which preparation
and career advancement are commonly
Data-Driven. In order to better understand the supported by education and workforce
local labor market, the New York City Labor Market programming. Twenty-eight occupations
Information Service (NYCLMIS) at the City University remained.
of New York Graduate Center analyzed multiple
sources of labor market and education data from uu
Examining the nature and extent of education
the U.S. Department of Education, the New Jersey and workforce programs already available to
Department of Labor and Workforce Development, meet employers’ needs.
the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, the U.S. Census
Bureau, and Burning Glass Technologies’ Labor In the end, the two occupational areas selected for
Insight™, a proprietary, online real-time labor market in-depth research were:
information tool.2
uu
Transportation, Logistics, and Distribution—
Informed by Local Experts. Building on the data- Sales and service occupations within the
driven labor market analysis, the NYCLMIS and professional services segment.
project partners spoke with a wide range of local
experts and organizations knowledgeable about uu
Business Support—Accounting and human
either the overall economic conditions in Jersey City resources titles across multiple sectors,
and Hudson County or the sectors that influence including Finance and Insurance, Professional
the local economy. The research team also spoke Services, and Health Care.
with education and training providers, including the
Jersey City public school system, local institutions The researchers further explored these occupational
of higher education, and workforce development areas using multiple methods to answer the
providers throughout the county. following questions:
Identifying the Opportunities uu
What, if any, challenges do employers encounter
in finding qualified candidates?
In order to provide a more detailed view and to
inspire action, the Jersey City New Skills at Work uu
What knowledge, skills, and abilities are needed
Initiative focuses on two high-demand, middle-skill to enter and be successful?
occupational areas that were determined through
the following research approach: uu
What are the typical career pathways?
uu
Identifying occupations typically filled by Jersey City’s Population3
someone with more than a high school diploma
or its equivalent, but less than a bachelor’s Jersey City is the largest city and the county seat of
degree. There were 155 such occupations. Hudson County, the most densely populated county
in the nation’s most densely populated state. With a
uu
Narrowing the list to occupations that met or population of approximately 264,290 in 2015, Jersey
exceeded a minimum threshold of projected City makes up 39 percent of the county’s population.
growth, median employment, and median Over the past 10 years, Jersey City’s population
annual openings; occupations that are projected has grown by 6.7 percent whereas the statewide
to grow; and those with an entry-level wage population grew by just 1.9 percent. In fact, Jersey
greater than or equal to $15 per hour, or $31,200 City is poised to become the largest city in the state.
per year. The list of occupations for consideration
narrowed to 37.
2 See Appendix A for a detailed methodology and list of data sources.
3 The results cited in this report are from the most currently available data as of November 2016.
14 Jersey City New Skills at WorkFIGURE 1: THE CITIES AND TOWNS OF HUDSON COUNTY FIGURE 2: RESIDENT RACIAL/ETHNIC DISTRIBUTION, 2015.
NEW JERSEY.
White Black Hispanic Asian/PI
Jersey City
Residents •• 22% •• 19% ••• 31% •• 24%
Balance of
•North Bergen
Township Hudson County ••• 33% 5% ••••• 51% • 9%
Guttenberg•
Balance of New
West New York• Jersey •••••• 58% • 13% •• 18% • 9%
•Secaucus
•Union City Source | American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata, 2015.
Weehawken
Township•
The racial/ethnic composition of Jersey City has also
•East Newark
•Harrison •Kearny
changed in recent years. Between 2010 and 2015, the
Hoboken•
proportion of Hispanic, White, and Asian residents
grew, while the share of the Black population
decreased (Figure 3).
Jersey City
FIGURE 3: CHANGE IN JERSEY CITY POPULATION, BY RACE/
ETHNICITY, 2010 AND 2015.
•Bayonne
2015 31% 23% 25% 21%
2010 29% 22% 24% 25%
0% 50%100%
Jersey City began welcoming immigrants long
Hispanic White Asian/PI Black
before the Statue of Liberty graced its waters.
Moreover, Jersey City was one of the many Source | U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey, 2010 and 2015.
northern destinations of the Great Migration of
African-Americans from the South in the mid-20th As shown in Figure 4, another distinguishing feature
Century. Reflecting this history, Jersey City is widely of Jersey City is the large proportion of residents
recognized as one of the most racially and ethnically in their prime working years (25 to 44). Among the
diverse cities in the country. factors drawing the younger population to Jersey
City—and to Hoboken, its neighbor to the north—are
Figure 2 illustrates the racial/ethnic distribution its proximity to New York City that is easily accessible
among the resident populations of Jersey City, via public transportation, its comparatively
the balance of Hudson County, and the balance of affordable housing, and plentiful new residential
the State of New Jersey. Jersey City has a much construction.
larger proportion of Asian residents than the
county or the state. The most common countries FIGURE 4: RESIDENT AGE DISTRIBUTION, 2015.
of origin for Jersey City’s Asian population are
India, the Philippines, and China. Jersey City has 65 and
0 to 24 25 to 34 35 to 44 45 to 54 55 to 64
one of the largest populations of Filipinos outside older
of the Philippines. Hispanics are the largest racial/ Jersey City
Residents ••• 30% •• 22% •• 17% • 13% • 9% • 9%
ethnic group in Jersey City, but many surrounding
Balance
communities in the region, including cities like
Union City, West New York, and Guttenberg have
of Hudson
County
••• 29% •• 21% • 15% • 13% • 12% • 11%
even higher concentrations. See Appendix B: Balance
Supplemental Analyses for more detail about of New
Jersey
••• 32% • 12% • 13% • 15% • 14% • 14%
common countries of origin among residents.
Source | American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata, 2015.
Introduction 15Without at least a middle-skill education, residents are less likely to
obtain financially rewarding work or to advance in their careers.
Working age women in Jersey City are slightly less Across the U.S., higher educational attainment is
likely to be in the labor force than are women in associated with better labor market outcomes, such
the rest of the county and state. While 50 percent as lower rates of unemployment and higher pay.
of Jersey City’s working age population is female, As Figure 6 shows, for Jersey City residents, more
women make up just 44 percent of the city’s resident education increases the likelihood of employment.
labor force. In Hudson County outside of Jersey Clearly, without at least a middle-skill education,
City, 50 percent of the working age population and residents are less likely to obtain financially
47 percent and of the resident labor force is female. rewarding work or to advance in their careers.
In the remainder of New Jersey, 52 percent of the
working age population and 48 percent of the labor FIGURE 6: LIKELIHOOD OF EMPLOYMENT FOR JERSEY CITY
force is female. RESIDENTS* BY EDUCATION LEVEL, 2015.
As Figure 5 illustrates, the major racial and ethnic 100
groups in Jersey City have different educational 78.2%
80 68.9%
profiles. More than two-thirds of the city’s Asian and 70
Pacific Islander residents and slightly more than half 60 52.4%
of White residents hold at least a bachelor’s degree. 50
In contrast, fewer than one in five of the city’s Black 40
and Hispanic residents have attained this degree. 30
More Black Jersey City residents have an associate 20
degree or some college than any other racial or 10
ethnic group in the city. A majority of both the Black 0
and Hispanic populations has attained a high school HS or less Associate Bachelor's
or some college or greater
diploma or less. While other groups are more likely
*Jersey City Residents aged 25 years or older
than Black residents to have a high school education
or less, an almost equal number of Black residents Source | American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata, 2015.
have bachelor’s degree or some college. Hispanic
residents are more likely to have associate degree or English language skills are a prerequisite for
some college than bachelor’s degree. most jobs in the labor market and those who can
speak English and another language can enjoy an
FIGURE 5: EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT OF JERSEY CITY even greater advantage, especially in industries
RESIDENTS BY RACE/ETHNICITY, 2015. serving a diverse client base and those operating in
international markets. Figure 7 shows that 60 percent
White Black Hispanic Asian/PI of the City’s Hispanic population and 76 percent of
the Asian/Pacific Islander population are bilingual.4
HS or Less On the other hand, a lack of English language
••• 30% ••••• 55% •••••• 63% •• 19% proficiency represents a barrier to labor market
Associate or attachment and ultimate success. Across all racial
some college • 16% •• 27% •• 21% • 10% and ethnic groups, less educated populations are
Bachelor's or less likely to have English language proficiency.
greater ••••• 55% •• 18% • 16% ••••••• 71%
Source | American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata, 2015.
Note: All data calculated for persons 25 of age or older
4 For the purpose of this analysis, people consider themselves bilingual if they speak a language other than English at home and can speak
English well or very well.
16 Jersey City New Skills at WorkFIGURE 7: JERSEY CITY RESIDENTS ENGLISH LANGUAGE FIGURE 8: INCOME DISTRIBUTION OF HOUSEHOLDS, 2015.
ABILITY BY RACE/ETHNICITY, 2015.
Jersey City New Jersey
White Black Hispanic Asian/PI $150.K + $$$ 15% $$$$$ 20%
English $100–$149.9K $$$ 16% $$$ 17%
only •••••• 67% •••••••• 88% •• 19% • 15% $75K–$99.9K $$ 10% $$ 12%
Bilingual
•• 26% • 12% •••••• 60% ••••••• 76% $50K–$74.9K $$$ 15% $$$ 16%
$25.5K–$49.9
Other $$$ 18% $$$ 18%
language 8% 0% •• 18% • 9% < $25K
$$$$$ 27% $$$ 18%
Source | American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata, 2015. Source | American Community Survey, Public Use Microdata, 2015.
Two in five residents in both Jersey City and the rest While many Jersey City residents are sharing in the
of Hudson County are foreign-born—nearly twice the region’s economic success, these data suggest that
share of foreign-born residents (20 percent) in the members of certain subgroups—people who have
rest of New Jersey. less education and those who lack English language
proficiency—face distinct disadvantages in the labor
Although Jersey City is highly socioeconomically market.
diverse, income disparities persist. For every
household earning at least $150,000 annually, The Labor Force5
nearly two households earn under $25,000 annually.
Statewide, the ratio of households earning in these Jersey City’s labor force—civilians ages 16 and
two brackets is nearly one to one (Figure 8). In the over who are either employed or are unemployed
middle, however, the percentage distribution of and looking for work—stood at more than 139,500
household income is about the same in Jersey City in 2015. When compared to overall demographics,
and New Jersey. there are proportionately more 25 to 44 year-olds
in the labor force than in the population (59%
5
For additional analyses of the labor force, see Appendix B: Supplemental Analyses.
Introduction 17FIGURE 9: UNEMPLOYMENT RATES, 2005 TO 2016.
12%
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 (P)
Jersey City Hudson County New Jersey
Source | NJLWD, Local Area Unemployment Statistics
compared to 39%), and proportionately fewer but somewhat faster in Jersey City. At 4.8 percent,
residents with a high school diploma or less (33% Jersey City’s unemployment rate is now on par with
compared to 41%). the state’s (Figure 9).
Before the national recession from 2007 to 2009, the Across the U.S., unemployment is more prevalent
unemployment rate in Hudson County (including among the young, and this holds true in Jersey
Jersey City) surpassed the State of New Jersey as City. Figure 10 shows monthly unemployment
a whole. Since 2010, both Jersey City and Hudson rates in Jersey City by age group during the post-
County have had a robust recovery. After 2010, recession recovery years. From 2011 to 2014, while
unemployment rates declined across the board unemployment rates were decreasing for all other
FIGURE 10: UNEMPLOYMENT RATE BY AGE GROUP, HUDSON COUNTY, NJ JANUARY 2011–SEPTEMBER 2016.
30%
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
16 to 18 19 to 24 25 to 44 45 to 54 New Jersey
Source | Hudson County estimates calculated by NYCLMIS using the Current Population Survey (CPS), January 2011 through September 2016, 12-month rolling average; NJ
State estimates from Local Area Unemployment Statistics. Includes out-of-school populations only.
18 Jersey City New Skills at WorkFIGURE 11: HUDSON COUNTY EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR,
Out-Of-School Out-Of Work Youth
2015.
The term ‘‘out-of-school youth’’ applies to 16- to 24-year-
olds who are not in school. This group disproportionately
encounters one or more barriers to employment, such
as homelessness, young parenthood, disabilities, or
Finance and
Insurance $$$$$$$ 15%
court-involvement.
Health Care and
Social Assistance
13%
Retail Trade
13%
age groups, youth and young adults ages 16 to
24 faced even greater levels of unemployment.
Unemployment peaked in November 2012 at 17 Transportation and
Warehousing 10%
percent for young adults ages 19 to 24 and in
October 2013 at 30 percent for youth ages 16 to 18.
Fortunately, this trend reversed and unemployment All Other Sectors in Hudson County, NJ, 2015
rates have decreased among these vulnerable
populations ever since. As of September 2015, Accomdations and
unemployment stood at 13.3 percent for youth and Food Services
8%
11.1 percent for young adults, more than twice the
5.3 percent unemployment for the state as a whole. Professional and
Technical Services
8%
Opportunities in Hudson County
Wholesale Trade 8%
In sum, residents with less education, who
lack English language proficiency, and who are
between the ages of 16 and 24, face the greatest Manufacturing
6%
disadvantages in the regional labor market. The goals
of the Jersey City New Skills at Work Initiative are to
identify high-demand middle-skill occupations that Information 4%
will provide career opportunities for these and other
Jersey City residents and make recommendations
to local education and training providers that will Other Services 4%
help these residents prepare for career-worthy
opportunities. The following analysis of employment
trends in Jersey City and the Hudson County begins Construction 3%
to explore where these opportunities might exist and
provides a broader context for this effort. Real Estate and
Rental 2%
Figure 11 shows there are 243,021 jobs in Hudson
County, 84 percent of which are in the private
Educational Services 2%
sector. Finance and Insurance is the biggest sector,
comprising 15 percent of all jobs, followed by Health
Management of
Care and Social Assistance (13 percent), Retail Trade Companies and 2%
(13 percent) and Transportation and Warehousing (10 Enterprises
percent). Together, these four sectors account for half
of all jobs in Hudson County. Arts, Entertainment,
1%
and Recreation
As shown in Figure 12, the New Jersey Department
Agriculture, Forestry,
of Labor and Workforce Development projects that Fishing, and Hunting 1%
Finance and Insurance will add 2,500 new jobs by
2022, and that Transportation and Warehousing
will likely grow during the same time period. In Source | NJLWD QCEW, 2015.
Introduction 19•North Bergen
Township
Guttenberg•
West New York•
•Secaucus
general, the employment outlook for the county Commuting Patterns •Union City
is very positive, with seven percent projected job Weehawken
growth, and projected job gains in all sectors except Township•MAP.
FIGURE 13: JERSEY CITY INFLOW-OUTFLOW
Government (-1,500), Manufacturing (-1,050), and •East Newark
Information (-800). •Harrison •Kearny Hoboken•
FIGURE 12: PROJECTED JOB GAINS AND LOSSES IN HUDSON
COUNTY, 2012–2022.
84,992 92,343
Finance and Insurance 6.9%
Jersey City
Health Care and Social Assistance 15.1%
Retail Trade 9.5%
21,547
Education 5.6%
Transportation and Warehousing 3.6%
Government -6.8% •Bayonne
NOTE: Arrows do not indicate directionality of worker flow into and out of Jersey City
Source | U.S. Census Bureau, OnTheMap.
Professional and Technical Services 22.7%
Accommodation and Food Services 16.3%
Wholesale Trade 7.3% Jersey City’s strategic location offers relatively easy
Administrative and Waste Services 8.6% access to employment locations along transit, rail/
Other Services 4.9% light rail, and bus lines. In fact, almost half of Jersey
Manufacturing -13.1% City’s employed residents rely on public transportation
Information -10.8% to get to work. About 38 percent of people in Jersey
Construction 39.3% City commute into New York City and about one in
Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 6.1 % four work in the county. As Figure 13 shows, slightly
Mgmt of Companies and Enterprises 7.5% more people commute out of Jersey City than in. Four
Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation 9.4% out of five people working in Jersey City commute
Utilities 11.8% from other locations—primarily from New York City,
Bayonne, Newark, and Union City. Similarly, four out
Source | NJLWD Long-term Industry Projections 2012 to 2022.
of five employed residents of Jersey City work outside
of Jersey City. In addition to New York City, the most
common places of work for Jersey City residents are
Essex, Bergen, and Middlesex counties.
20 Jersey City New Skills at WorkIntroduction 21
22 Jersey City New Skills at Work
Sales and Service Opportunities in Transportation,
Logistics and Distribution
What is TLD? As an economic sector, Transportation, Logistics, and Distribution (TLD)
encompasses businesses that manage the flow of goods between production and final
sale to customers and other businesses. TLD includes all types of transportation (air, sea,
rail, and truck) and warehousing services, as well as professional services industries like
freight forwarding, customs brokerages, and consulting firms that provide third-party
logistics planning services to other businesses, known as 3PLs.
Why did we choose TLD?
The TLD Sector
Some manufacturers and wholesale trade companies
TLD represents an important segment of Hudson
provide their own transportation, warehousing, distribu-
County’s economy because of its strategic location tion, and logistics services, while other companies use
within a densely populated metropolitan area and specialized services. This report focuses on companies
proximity to major ports, airports, highways, and rail that provide specialized services to other industries, which
lines. From the warehousing and distribution firms in includes firms that transport and warehouse goods, as well
Jersey City, Secaucus, Bayonne, and Kearny to 3PLs as those that provide professional logistics consulting ser-
that are concentrated in Jersey City and Secaucus, vices, otherwise known as third-party providers of logistics
TLD supports a wide range of local jobs. TLD was consulting services or 3PLs.
selected as a subject for this report because:
uu
Employment growth in the industry has
outpaced the county’s overall private sector uu
Recent investments in degree and non-degree
growth six-fold. education and training programs can be
expanded upon to broaden opportunities for
uu
Average annual wages in these industries are Jersey City residents to start and advance in TLD
higher and have increased at more than three careers.
times the rate of the private sector overall.
uu
Across the board, interviewed employers
uu
TLD is one of seven “Talent Networks” identified expressed a desire to raise greater public
by the New Jersey Department of Labor and awareness of the opportunities available in this
Workforce Development as an economic priority. field.
Local education and workforce development
providers have begun to form more robust What are the employment and wage trends in
partnerships with industry designed to improve TLD?
pipeline development and employer-informed
training. 6 Overall, the pace of employment growth in TLD in
Hudson County exceeded that of the private sector:
6
New Jersey’s Talent Networks are partnerships of industry experts, businesses, and workforce and educational institutions. One of their
primary goals is to develop industry intelligence that better informs stakeholders about employers’ skill needs and to engage industry in the
development of industry-valued education and training. They also form targeted industry partnerships across the state, focused wherever
there is a concentration of employment in the given industry. The TLD Talent Network is led by the New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT)
and Essex County College (ECC).
Sales and Service Opportunities in Transportation, Logistics and Distribution 23FIGURE 14: YEAR-OVER-YEAR EMPLOYMENT CHANGE IN HUDSON COUNTY: SELECTED TLD INDUSTRIES AND
TOTAL PRIVATE SECTOR.
Recession Period TLD Private Sector
10%
8%
6%
4%
2%
0%
-2%
-4%
-6%
-8%
-10%
-12%
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Source | BLS QCEW, 2005–2015.
From 2005 to 2015 employment in TLD industries Hudson County was about $72,000, as compared to
grew by 19 percent—from 1,802 in 2005 to 2,147 in $87,000 in TLD (Figure 15).
2015—more than six times faster than the private
sector overall, which grew by three percent. Annual What are the sales and service opportunities
employment losses were between five and 10 in TLD?
percent during the recession of 2007 to 2009. Since
then, the picture has been more positive with annual While there are many job opportunities within the
job growth between five and eight percent, with the transportation and warehousing segment of TLD, the
exception of 2013. most promising opportunities for advancement are
in the professional services firms within the industry.
Real annual average wages in TLD industries are People in TLD sales positions market and sell
higher and have grown at more than three times the transportation services to customers and manage
rate of Hudson County’s private sector overall (19 client relationships. Service jobs that are unique to
percent compared to 5 percent). In 2005, real annual TLD include cargo freight agents, also known as
average wages were approximately $70,000 in import or export agents or freight forwarders, and
Hudson County compared to about $79,000 for TLD customs brokers. The sales positions, customer
industries. This wage differential grew and widened service representatives, and sales representatives
over 10 years; the 2015 average annual wage in may be ubiquitous throughout the economy, but in
verall, the pace of employment growth in TLD in Hudson County
O
exceeded that of the private sector: From 2005 to 2015 employment in TLD
industries grew by 19 percent, more than six times faster than the private
sector overall.
24 Jersey City New Skills at WorkFIGURE 15: REAL AVERAGE ANNUAL WAGES IN SELECTED TLD INDUSTRIES AND TOTAL PRIVATE SECTOR.
Recession Period TLD Private Sector
$100K
$90K
$80K
$70K
$60K
$50K
$40K
$30K
$20K
$10K
$0
2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Source | BLS QCEW, 2005–2015. *Wages are adjusted for inflation using CPI-U for the New York City Metropolitan Area, base year 2015.
this field they require specialized knowledge in TLD and other special forms required by federal
firms. regulatory agencies, like inspection certificates.
uu
Import and export agents/freight forwarders uu
Customer service representatives (CSRs) are
coordinate the transportation of cargo—by rail, the primary contacts for customers within an
truck, ocean, air, or “intermodally”—from the organization. This job requires a high degree of
manufacturer or producer to a market, customer, interpersonal skills, problem-solving, patience,
or distribution center. They arrange routes and and professionalism. CSRs field customer
schedules, confirm them with carriers, book inquiries and follow-up with customers when
cargo space in warehouses and on carriers, new information becomes available. They
negotiate rates, and arrange for insurance. They handle customer complaints and work with
calculate the volume, weight, and cost of goods; them to resolve issues as they arise. CSRs are
prepare quotes and invoices for customers; and typically expected to handle some clerical tasks,
keep customers informed on the progress of like intercepting orders, entering them into
their shipments. the company’s system, and checking data for
accuracy. They may also be expected to perform
uu
Customs brokers track the status of their clients’ analytic activities, like generating reports on
international shipments and ensure that they customer service satisfaction.
are cleared through the various regulatory
requirements of international trade. Typical uu
Sales representatives are responsible for
activities include tracking shipments, filing growing a company’s sales by establishing new
customs entries, and paying duties and fees. accounts, maintaining customer satisfaction,
Recordkeeping is an essential function of this and selling additional services to existing
job; customs brokers must create, maintain, customers. In order to sell customers freight
and securely store accurate and up-to-date forwarding or customs brokerage services,
documentation, such as detailed invoices, power sales representatives must have a sound
of attorney forms to act on the clients’ behalf, understanding of operations and regulations as
well as some experience in the field.
Sales and Service Opportunities in Transportation, Logistics and Distribution 25Where are the jobs for TLD sales and service uu
Problem-solving
professionals?
uu
Personal integrity
3PLs are major employers of TLD sales and service
professionals. Freight forwarders and customs uu
Work ethic
brokers commonly work for 3PLs, and they may
also find work in specialty freight forwarding firms uu
Computer applications skills, especially
and customs brokerage firms. In addition to 3PL proficiency in Microsoft Excel
firms, sales representatives and customer service
representatives may also work for freight forwarding uu
Knowledge of shipping procedures, including
firms that own their own fleets like UPS and FedEx, legal and regulatory compliance
or for companies that distribute their own goods,
like Tropicana and Goya, all of which are in Hudson In addition, the requirements to work in this field
County. continue to evolve as the nature of the business
and the technology to support it change. Employers
Online job postings give an indication of employer highly value relevant experience—including
demand. An analysis of online job ads for TLD sales experience working in other similar firms, or
and service jobs in Hudson County over the past experience with ocean or air cargo shipping—
five years is shown below in Table 2. Of these, Yusen sometimes more so than educational credentials.
Logistics, Kuehne + Nagel, and Panalpina advertise Local training and educational capacity for this
the most jobs. field is limited, and expertise in these areas can
also be difficult for employers to find. Given the
TABLE 2: HIGHEST VOLUME TLD JOB ADVERTISERS IN nature of the work and limited specific training
HUDSON COUNTY, NOVEMBER 2012 THROUGH OCTOBER courses, employers may seek out candidates with a
2016. combination of the right set of skills and traits that
can lead to success in this field, even if their content
EMPLOYER CITY knowledge is limited.
Freight Forwarders and Customs Brokers
Yusen Logistics Secaucus Some technical skills are essential in this field,
Kuehne + Nagel Jersey City
like proficiency with spreadsheets and a strong
foundation in math and geography. Because
Panalpina Secaucus
coordination is central to most TLD activities,
Avanti Jersey City interpersonal skill, such as good communication,
Cintas Union City customer service, professionalism, and an ability
Customer Service Representatives and Sales Representatives to problem-solve, are nearly as important as any
Panalpina Secaucus of the technical skills that these jobs typically
require. Similarly, passion, motivation, ambition,
Kuehne Nagel Jersey City
and professionalism will help less-experienced
Yusen Logistics Secaucus
candidates gain entry into the field and facilitate
UPS Jersey City advancement within it.
FedEx Hoboken
uu
Entry-level. For candidates with little to no
relevant experience, jobs in sales and customer
What do employers want? service are a typical place to start. To land these
jobs, candidates need at least a high school
While there is variation among the specific education, solid speaking and writing skills, and
companies and types of roles, there are certain good customer service skills. Specifically, CSRs
general skills that are preferred for all of these jobs. must know how to assess a client’s needs, meet
These include: quality standards for services, and evaluate
customer satisfaction. Problem-solving skills are
uu
Customer-focused orientation central to this role.
uu
Organizational skills
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