AgriFutures Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan - (2021-2026) September 2021
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AgriFutures Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan (2021-2026) September 2021
AgriFutures Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan (2021-2026) © 2021 AgriFutures Australia. All rights reserved. AgriFutures Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan 2021-2026 The information contained in this publication is intended for general use to assist public knowledge and discussion and to help improve the development of sustainable regions. You must not rely on any information contained in this publication without taking specialist advice relevant to your particular circumstances. While reasonable care has been taken in preparing this publication to ensure that information is true and correct, the Commonwealth of Australia gives no assurance as to the accuracy of any information in this publication. The Commonwealth of Australia, AgriFutures Australia, the authors or contributors expressly disclaim, to the maximum extent permitted by law, all responsibility and liability to any person, arising directly or indirectly from any act or omission, or for any consequences of any such act or omission, made in reliance on the contents of this publication, whether or not caused by any negligence on the part of the Commonwealth of Australia, AgriFutures Australia, the authors or contributors. The Commonwealth of Australia does not necessarily endorse the views in this publication. This publication is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, all other rights are reserved. However, wide dissemination is encouraged. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and rights should be addressed to AgriFutures Australia Communications Team on 02 6923 6900. In submitting this report, the researcher has agreed to AgriFutures Australia publishing this material in its edited form. AgriFutures Australia contact details Building 007, Tooma Way Charles Sturt University Locked Bag 588 Wagga Wagga NSW 2650 02 6923 6900 info@agrifutures.com.au www.agrifutures.com.au ISBN: 978-1-76053-166-9 ISSN: 1440-6845 Publication No. 21-036 Project No. PRJ-010505 This Strategic RD&E Plan 2021-2026 builds on initial work completed in 2016 by Miracle Dog Pty Ltd on a Strategic RD&E Plan specifically for the Australian kangaroo industry. Electronically published by AgriFutures Australia in September 2021. AgriFutures Australia is the new trading name for Rural Industries Research & Development Corporation (RIRDC), a statutory authority of the Federal Government established by the Primary Industries Research and Development Act 1989.
2021-2026 5
Foreword
The AgriFutures Kangaroo Program invests in research, development
and extension (RD&E) to foster a sustainable and more profitable
Australian kangaroo industry.
The commercial harvest of kangaroos in Australia has AgriFutures Australia’s vision is to grow the long-term
been described as “one of the world’s best wild-harvest prosperity of Australian rural industries. We have three
operations” with management goals based firmly on strategies to grow profitability and sustainability in our
principles of enhancing animal welfare. Kangaroos are levied industries:
harvested in line with the National Code of Practice for
the Humane Shooting of Kangaroos and Wallabies for • Engaging industry participants in determining
Commercial Purposes, released in 2020, which sets RD&E priorities.
an achievable standard of humane conduct and is the
• Investment in innovation that assists levied
minimum required of persons shooting kangaroos and
industries to be more profitable.
wallabies for commercial purposes.
• Delivering outcomes to maximise industry
The industry is highly regulated and operates under uptake and adoption.
a quota system administered by state and federal
The profitability, productivity and sustainability of rural
governments. The scientific community and state
industries is AgriFutures Australia’s core business, and
wildlife management agencies consider that annual
the organisation works with its portfolio industries to
harvest levels in the order of 15% of the populations for
invest in their priority RD&E needs. AgriFutures Australia
eastern and western grey kangaroos and wallaroos, and
fosters strong relationships with industry partners,
20% for red kangaroos, are sustainable. However, since
including the kangaroo industry, to ensure RD&E
2014, the number of kangaroos harvested has been well
investment leads to practical knowledge and innovation
below the permitted quota. This suggests that there is
that can be adopted by industry members.
a sustainable resource available should demand for
kangaroo products, namely meat and leather, increase.
AgriFutures Australia will continue to work with the
kangaroo industry to ensure the five-year research
It’s within this context that the AgriFutures Kangaroo
priorities meet industry needs and are informed by
Program Strategic RD&E Plan has been developed.
Government priorities. The adoption of RD&E outcomes
Strategic RD&E Plans are a key part of implementing
is fundamental to success, and just as we have with
AgriFutures Australia’s RD&E strategies, and are the
the AgriFutures Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E
“ AgriFutures Australia will continue base on which investments are made on behalf of our
levied industries. These Plans identify productivity and
Plan, AgriFutures Australia will work with industry and
Government stakeholders to ensure the corporation
sustainability RD&E priorities and the planned outcomes
to work with the kangaroo industry for each industry. Each has an appropriate balance of
invests in knowledge that is useful and adopted by
end users.
to ensure the five-year research productivity and sustainability RD&E priorities.
priorities meet industry needs and are
informed by Government priorities. ”
John Smith
John Smith General Manager, Research
AgriFutures Australia
AgriFutures Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan 6 2021-2026
2020-21 77
Contents
Foreword 5
Our vision 8
Executive summary 9
Plan on a page 10
Industry profile 12
Research 18
Industry consultation 19
Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan 2021-2026 20
Priority 1 The kangaroo industry’s licence to operate is enhanced 22
Priority 2 The consumer appeal of kangaroo products is enhanced 25
Plan implementation and governance 28
Monitoring, evaluation and reporting (MER) framework 29
AgriFutures Australia2021-2026 9
Our vision
To grow the long-term prosperity
of Australian rural industries Executive summary
1 2 3 4 The AgriFutures Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan 2021-2026
outlines the key development priorities of the Australian kangaroo
People and National Challenges Growing Emerging
Leadership and Opportunities Profitability Industries industry, and guides research, development and extension investments
linked to those priorities.
Goal Goal Goal Goal
To support the people driving To identify and nurture research To enhance the profitability To support new and emerging
the future prosperity of and innovation opportunities and sustainability of our levied rural industries. The Plan details the state of the industry with regards Following a review of earlier work, an extensive
Australian rural industries that are synergistic across rural rural industries. Regional
and regional communities by industries. communities and the broader to wild kangaroo numbers, quotas for the four species consultation process involving the Kangaroo Industry
providing them with learning Australian economy depend on approved for commercial harvest, value of products sold Association of Australia (KIAA), industry participants and
opportunities and experiences. profitable farms.
domestically and overseas, and the strengths, weaknesses, other stakeholders was undertaken to develop this Plan.
opportunities and threats (SWOT) faced by the industry. Roadblocks to industry growth and the RD&E activities
Priorities Priorities Priorities Priorities
A breakdown of the Australian macropod levy, which that can address them within the next five years were
Attracting capable people into Informing debate on issues of Engaging industry participants Supporting the early stage
careers in agriculture. importance to rural industries. in determining RD&E priorities. establishment of high potential contributes to National Residue Survey testing and R&D identified. Feedback on an initial draft was incorporated
Building the capability of Adapting new technologies for Investing in innovation that
rural industries. investments, is also included. into the final version.
future rural leaders. use across rural industries. assists levied industries to be
more profitable.
Working collaboratively on
issues common across rural Delivering outcomes to maximise
industries. industry uptake and adoption.
The kangaroo industry’s priorities for 2021-2016 are:
Outcome The kangaroo industry’s licence The consumer appeal of
Priority 1 to operate is enhanced.
Priority 2 kangaroo products is enhanced.
Rural industries are Challenges and Industry participants High-potential
equipped with skilled opportunities that are are confident that their emerging
people and the common across rural levy investment is rural industries
leadership to grow and industries are identified delivering value. established.
prosper. and addressed.
These priorities are each underpinned by three strategies
that will influence RD&E investment decisions made by
the AgriFutures Kangaroo Program. Details of activities
to implement the priorities, and key performance
Approach
indicators to measure success, are provided within
the body of the Plan.
1 2 3 4 5
Listening Partnerships Performance Efficient business
Delivering results
and influencing and collaborations culture practices
Values Purpose
Connected / Positive / Real / Future-thinking Through research and development, increase
Innovative / Quality / Approachable / Networked / Confident knowledge and understanding that fosters innovation,
Professional / Commercially savvy adaptive and valuable rural industries.AgriFutures Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan 10 2021-2026 11
Plan on a page
Table 1: The Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan 2021-2026 is presented as a ‘Plan on a page’
below. All key performance indicators (KPIs) are to be achieved by the end of the Plan in 2026.
Priorities Strategies Activities KPIs Priorities Strategies Activities KPIs
1.1 Continuously focus on 1.1.1 Compile the scientific Scientific evidence is compiled 2.1 Identify the nutritional 2.1.1 Undertake nutritional Nutritional benefits of kangaroo
1 enhancing animal welfare information available on the and is a standard sufficient to 2 value of kangaroo meat studies on kangaroo meat. meat have been identified for
outcomes industry’s animal welfare gain third-party endorsement promotion by industry players.
The kangaroo practices (desktop exercise). of the industry’s animal welfare The consumer 2.1.2 Compile scientific
industry’s licence to practices. appeal of kangaroo information on the nutritional
operate is enhanced 1.1.2 Compare the animal products benefits of kangaroo meat to
welfare credentials of the is enhanced support marketing activities.
kangaroo industry with other
animal-based proteins.
2.2 Demonstrate the 2.2.1 Research the effects Scientific data is generated to
food safety credentials of of gamma irradiation on satisfy regulators that gamma
1.2 Demonstrate the 1.2.1 Compile the scientific Scientific evidence on industry the industry kangaroo meat and other irradiation is a safe treatment for
sustainability credentials of information available on the sustainability is compiled. interventions as required for kangaroo meat.
the industry sustainability of the industry market access.
(desktop exercise) and develop Marketing activities demonstrate
a counterfactual piece of 2.2.2 Promote the hygiene the whole-of-chain safety of
research – ‘What would be the practices and food safety kangaroo meat.
environmental and biodiversity credentials of the kangaroo
impacts if kangaroos were not meat chain.
humanely harvested?’
2.3 Enhance value 2.3.1 Research the factors Product specifications are
1.3 Undertake 1.3.1 Distribute final reports Targeted market research through improved (cut, type of animal, area of determined that support eating
effective communications and easily digestible summary shows an improved consumer product specifications origin) that affect the eating quality assurance claims.
and extension information about activities perception of the industry and quality of kangaroo meat.
undertaken. kangaroo products.
2.3.2 Review the approaches
1.3.2 Distribute updates 80% of stakeholders in the taken in other wild-kill
on work being undertaken kangaroo industry are well- industries to determine
and progress made towards informed of the activities and product specification and
targets. outcomes of this Plan. differentiation
1.3.3 Undertake targeted 2.3.3 Develop a product
market research to assess specification and grading
impacts on industry and framework suitable for
product perceptions. the industry.AgriFutures Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan 12 2021-2026 13
Industry profile
Australia’s commercial kangaroo Queensland, NSW, South Australia and Western Australia
have management plans for the commercial harvest 60,000,000 50
harvest industry has been of kangaroos for export. Smaller-scale commercial
described as “one of the world’s harvest also occurs in Victoria. Two species of wallaby are 45
commercially harvested in Tasmania.2 50,000,000
best wild-harvest operations” 40
with management goals based All ‘harvesters’ must be accredited and licensed by state 35
agencies and must operate under strict hygiene and 40,000,000
firmly on principles of enhancing 30
animal welfare codes of practice. Management plans and
animal welfare.1 wildlife trade operations require that harvest methods
comply with the National Code of Practice for the Humane 30,000,000 25
The kangaroo industry is highly regulated and operates Shooting of Kangaroos and Wallabies for Commercial
under a quota system administered by state and
20
Purposes. The Code is available on the AgriFutures
federal governments. Only four species of kangaroo 20,000,000
Australia website, at https://www.agrifutures.com.au/ 15
are approved for commercial harvest and export – the kangaroo-national-code-of-practice.
red, eastern grey and western grey kangaroos, and 10
the common wallaroo or euro. None are listed as a 10,000,000
Figure 1 provides a summary of the main statistics in
threatened species under national environment law, relation to wild harvest of kangaroos in Queensland, NSW,
5
or under state or territory legislation. South Australia and Western Australia. 0 0
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Key points from the data include:
Kangaroo numbers, quota and harvest Kangaroo population Number harvested
• The kangaroo population can vary significantly,
Sustainable quota Harvest as a % of quota
The scientific community and state wildlife depending on season. Over the four years from 2011
management agencies consider that annual harvest to 2014, the population more than doubled.
levels in the order of 15% of the populations for grey Figure 1: Kangaroo harvest statistics for Australia3
• The sustainable quota as a percentage of the
kangaroos and wallaroos, and 20% for red kangaroos,
kangaroo population is very close to 15% each year.
are sustainable. The sustainable harvest quotas are
set at or below these rates and represent an upper • Actual commercial harvest is generally significantly and sausages increases the value of non-primal cuts.
harvest limit independent of industry demand. To less than the approved quota. The annual number of Kangaroo products and value
The average weight of a kangaroo carcase is about 25
ensure there is no detriment to any species in any kangaroos harvested from 2014-18 was about 20% kilograms and fetches an average price of about $1/kg.
There are three products from wild harvest of kangaroos:
region, each state is divided into zones for monitoring of the quota. In 2019, the number harvested was
and quota-setting. 25% of the quota. In the 2000s, harvest percentage • Meat for human consumption The most recent statistics available indicated that the
was considerably higher, due largely to lower quota gross value of production for the Australian macropod
• Meat for use in pet food
numbers. The highest use of quota was at 86% in industry (of which kangaroos and wallabies are two) for
2006, with a strong Russian trade.4 • Kangaroo skins and leather 2019-20 was $30.5 million.6
• The kangaroo population is highest in Queensland,
Precise figures on the ratio of human consumption to pet From an export perspective, some data is available from
followed by NSW, South Australia and Western Australia.
food use is not readily available, but it has been estimated ABS reports. From 2011-12 onwards, many categories
at about 50:50 by weight and 70:30 by value.5 that were specific to ‘kangaroo’ products were merged
with other similar products, thus making data difficult
Of meat sold for human consumption, 10-15% of kangaroo to identify. The following has been customised from
is sold as primal cuts, achieving the highest unit price ABS data.7
https://www.agriculture.gov.au/export/controlled-goods/kangaroo
1
on the carcase. The balance is sold for processing/
http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/wildlife-trade/natives#a3
2
manufacturing. Value-adding in the domestic market
http://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/pages/ee20f301-6c6c-44e4-aa24-62a32d412de5/files/kangaroo-statistics-states-2020.pdf
3
through products such as marinated cuts, rissoles
Oliver & Doam (2015), Kangaroo Meat Export Market Access Analysis
4
Jobson, D. (2019), personal communication
5
6
Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment (2020), organisational communication
Curtis, K. (2019), personal communication
7AgriFutures Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan 14 2021-2026 15
Industry profile
Table 1: Value (AUD million, nominal) of Australian exports of fresh, processed or other In recent years, the main export markets for fresh The report also made 22 recommendations for export
(not elsewhere specified) kangaroo meat kangaroo meat have been Belgium, Germany, the market development. These included: Invest in an
Netherlands, Papua New Guinea and France. export market development program on meat for human
consumption; Improve market and industry intelligence
Year Fresh Processed* Other*
and insight; Acquire improved access into current markets
Previous plans, reviews and priorities and new access into alternative reliable markets; Invest in
2013-14 21.55 0.11 0.88 product development to effectively use the whole carcase
Williams and Pattinson8 developed a revised New & at a more premium level; Develop the pet food sector for
Developing Animal Industries Five Year RD&E Plan in 2013 kangaroo meat; Expand industry capacity; Conduct an
2014-15 18.84 0.07 1.02 in-depth study on halal processing requirements and
covering the period until 2018. The Plan incorporated
an appendix for each levy-paying industry, including accreditation; Conduct a feasibility study on establishing a
kangaroos. standard meat grading system.
2015-16 18.65 0.09 1.59
The foci of attention in that plan were: In 2016, Williams and Pattinson undertook initial work
2016-17 14.49 0.09 3.10 on an RD&E Plan specifically for the Australian kangaroo
• Marketing and market development industry, which included a SWOT analysis (covering human
consumption, pet food and skins). That SWOT analysis has
2017-18 16.07 0.35 3.39 • Export market access been updated for inclusion in this Strategic RD&E Plan
• Further development of the skin market 2021-2026, and is presented on the next page.
* Estimated using the ratio of (kangaroo) to (kangaroo + other) in the five years 2006-07 to 2010-11 when ‘kangaroo’ was reported separately.
• Quality control
• Social licence to operate
• Increasing costs on all fronts
Table 2: Volume (tonnes) of Australian exports of fresh and processed kangaroo meat
In 2015, the kangaroo industry commissioned an analysis
to identify opportunities to develop the kangaroo meat
Year Fresh Processed*
trade in volume and value.9 The report identified primary
markets (EU, US, Japan but pet food only), secondary
2013-14 4,619 28.5 markets (Japan, South Korea) and markets into which
there is currently no access (China, Russia) for meat for
human consumption and pet food.
2014-15 3,860 59.0
2015-16 3,406 13.7
2016-17 2,986 15.2
2017-18 3,031 67.8
* Estimated using the ratio of (Kangaroo) to (Kangaroo + other) in the five years 2006-07 to 2010-11 when ‘kangaroo’ was reported separately.
8
Williams, S. and Pattinson, R. (2014). New & Developing Animal Industries Five Year RD&E Plan (2013-2018). https://rirdc.infoservices.com.au/
items/14-055
9
Oliver and Doam (2015). Kangaroo Meat Export Market Access AnalysisAgriFutures Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan 16 2021-2026 17
SWOT analysis
Figure 2: SWOT analysis of the Australian kangaroo industry
Strengths Weaknesses Opportunities Threats
Industry as a whole Industry as a whole Industry as a whole Industry as a whole
• The industry has a positive story to tell – it delivers • Mixed messages – is this a product for human • Strong goodwill in government and public for wildlife use • Staff shortages for harvest and processing.
positive environmental benefits for the kangaroo consumption or pet food? and improvements in rangeland sustainability. • Freight a relatively high component of product cost.
population and rangelands. • Supply can fluctuate (e.g. quota changes due to seasonal • Some resource in VIC, SA, NT and NSW not under current • Australian society is increasingly emphasising
• Kangaroo is a unique product. conditions), limiting responsiveness to increased commercial use management plans. environmental and animal welfare issues – without
• Industry is well-regulated. demand. • Lower methane production than beef or lamb. a good understanding, the industry can be portrayed
• Industry levy means there is a funding pool for • Low new harvester recruitment rate. as having negative environmental or animal welfare
RD&E projects. • Many small processing plants have varying standards. Human consumption sector consequences.
• Complex and variable regulatory environment. • Increasing domestic acceptance of game/indigenous • Expensive public liability insurance for harvesters.
Human consumption sector meats, especially at retail level.
• Health benefits in kangaroo meat have been identified Human consumption sector • Improved exposure to kangaroo for trainee chefs. Human consumption sector
by medical fraternity. • Still some problems with consumer perceptions of • Strong domestic market growth potential • Access to some markets.
• Australian consumers are increasingly prepared to try kangaroo (especially after consumer influencers such as (including smallgoods). • High reliance on a few key markets, especially for
new foods. “Kangaroo, The Movie”). • Higher prices for red meats generally domestically. manufacturing meat.
• Low domestic restaurant trade uptake. • Export demand for manufacturing meat. • No significant domestic meat manufacturing market.
Pet meat sector • Limited technical information sharing between • Lack of confidence among consumers about how to use
• Room for new product development, e.g. ready-to-
• Fresh kangaroo meat is a great pet food product. processors, e.g. no benchmarking study. heat meals. kangaroo meat.
• Industry delivers a wholesome product. • Product quality can be variable.
• No generic product marketing. Pet meat sector Pet meat sector
Skin sector • The bulk of export production is sold to the consumer as • Pet owners increasingly willing to pay for premium • Demand for kangaroo as a pet food product is currently
• Kangaroo leather is recognised as being unique. ‘meat’ not ‘kangaroo’. packaging/image. high, so this text can be deleted.
• It is the strongest light-weight leather in the world. • Low price points. • Low current supply may mean that many consumers will
Skin sector turn to alternative products.
Pet meat sector • Increased value-adding prior to export.
Skin sector
• Competing against human consumption prices for
supply. • Ongoing challenges from animal liberationists, e.g.
targeting the skin sector internationally.
• Low use by major manufacturers.
• Improvements in the pricing and technology of ‘synthetic
leather’ options.
Skin sector
• Substitution with cheaper but slightly inferior options
• Low skin prices. such as goat or calf keeps a cap on prices.
• Product variability.
• Cost of tag removal and disposal.
• Most end products are sold to the consumer as ‘leather’,
not ‘kangaroo leather’.AgriFutures Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan 18 2021-2026 19
Research Industry consultation
Macropod levy The following review and consultation were undertaken to
determine the kangaroo industry’s priorities and strategies
The macropod levy comprises National Residue Survey for this 2021-2026 Strategic RD&E Plan:
(NRS) testing and research and development (R&D), as • Review of initial work completed in 2016 on a Strategic
shown in the table below.10 RD&E Plan specifically for the Australian kangaroo
industry; Industry objectives proposed at the time were
‘By 2021, the kangaroo industry will be consistently
Table 4: Breakdown of the Australian macropod levy and profitably using the full sustainably available
kangaroo resource’; and ‘By 2021, the kangaroo
industry will be broadly recognised by the Australian
Macropod NRS R&D Total
public as delivering an essential and valuable
environmental management service’.
Kangaroos – for human consumption $0.03/carcase $0.04/carcase $0.07/carcase
• Contact with the industry peak body and members
of the executive to advise that a 2021-2026 Strategic
Other macropods – for human consumption $0.00 $0.04/ carcase $0.04/carcase RD&E Plan was being developed, and to obtain
relevant information.
• Drafting of the Plan.
All macropods – for animal consumption $0.00 $0.03/ carcase $0.03/carcase
• Targeted circulation of the draft Plan to obtain
feedback from industry participants (both written
and verbal).
AgriFutures Australia receives the R&D levy allocation • Preparation of the final Plan.
to invest in line with the objectives of the Program’s
Strategic RD&E Plan. AgriFutures Australia also receives AgriFutures Australia is committed to achieving significant
matching funding* from the Australian Government, benefits to industry with available resources through
which is allocated to the Program at 50c per dollar of the implementation of targeted and high-impact RD&E
eligible expenditure. projects. The consultation process highlighted several
issues that the kangaroo industry considers roadblocks
The R&D levy allocation totals about $60,000 per annum. to growth and development. Of these impediments, those
When combined with Australian Government matching that can be addressed with targeted RD&E have shaped
funding, the Kangaroo Program has about $80,000- AgriFutures Australia’s investment priorities for the next
$90,000 per annum to invest. five years.
*AgriFutures Australia receives matching funding from the Australian Government, calculated under the Primary Industries Research and
Development (PIRD) Act. Subject to some limitations, this Commonwealth matching funding is capped at the lesser of 50% of eligible expenditure or
0.5% of industry gross value of production (GVP). Industry GVP is calculated on the aggregate of all AgriFutures Australia levied industries.AgriFutures Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan 2021-2026 21 AgriFutures Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan 2021-2026 Program goal The goal of the AgriFutures Kangaroo Program is to invest in research, development and extension projects that help ensure the industry achieves the priorities set out in this Strategic RD&E Plan. Priorities of the Strategic RD&E Plan 2021-2026 For this 2021-2026 Plan, the key priorities are: Priority 1: The kangaroo industry’s licence to operate is enhanced. Priority 2: The consumer appeal of kangaroo products is enhanced. These priorities are underpinned by six key strategies. These priorities and strategies will be reviewed as part of AgriFutures Australia’s annual industry review process. Further consultation and feedback will be sought from stakeholders to adjust or amend priorities. Allocation of funding for these priorities will also be considered annually, as part of AgriFutures Australia’s Annual Operating Plan (AOP). The AOP is available on the AgriFutures Australia website at http://www.agrifutures. com.au/about/corporate-documents/.
AgriFutures Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan 22 2021-2026 23
AgriFutures Kangaroo Program
Strategic RD&E Plan 2021-2026
1 Priority – The kangaroo industry’s licence to operate is enhanced
Strategy 1.1: Continuously focus on Indicative activities Strategy 1.2: Demonstrate the sustainability Indicative activities
enhancing animal welfare outcomes credentials of the industry
• 1.1.1 Compile the scientific information available on the • 1.2.1 Compile the scientific information available on
industry’s animal welfare practices (desktop exercise). the sustainability of the industry (desktop exercise)
Justification • 1.1.2 Compare the animal welfare credentials of the Justification and develop a counterfactual piece of research – ‘What
would the environmental and biodiversity impacts be if
kangaroo industry with other animal-based proteins.
The demonstration of sound animal welfare practices The demonstration of sustainability is critical to the kangaroos were not humanely harvested?’
is critical to the industry’s social licence to operate. The kangaroo industry having a social licence to operate. On
industry has a positive animal welfare story to tell, but welfare, the industry has a positive sustainability story to
Key performance indicators
it must be able to present the scientific evidence to tell – in fact, sustainability is a key point of differentiation for Key performance indicators
support it. Ideally, the industry would gain endorsement kangaroo meat. However, consumers and the public are not
of its animal welfare practices from a credible Australian • Scientific evidence is compiled and is a standard generally aware of this message and are assailed by groups • Scientific evidence on industry sustainability
or international organisation, and this is an industry sufficient to gain third-party endorsement of the putting the opposing perspective. is compiled.
aspiration – but the industry recognises the challenges of industry’s animal welfare practices.
obtaining such endorsement.
Measurement Measurement
• Scientific evidence is available on the AgriFutures
• Scientific evidence is available on the AgriFutures
Australia website and is being accessed by industry
Australia website and is being accessed by industry
participants and the general public.
participants and the general public.AgriFutures Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan 24 2021-2026 25
AgriFutures Kangaroo Program
Strategic RD&E Plan 2021-2026
1 Priority – The kangaroo industry’s licence to operate is enhanced 2 Priority – The consumer appeal of kangaroo products is enhanced
Strategy 1.3: Undertake effective Indicative activities Strategy 2.1: Identify the nutritional value of Indicative activities
communications and extension kangaroo meat
• 1.3.1 Distribute final reports and easily digestible • 2.1.1 Undertake nutritional studies on kangaroo meat.
summary information about activities undertaken.
• 2.1.1 Compile scientific information on the nutritional
Justification • 1.3.2 Distribute updates on work being undertaken and Justification benefits of kangaroo meat to support marketing activities.
progress made towards targets.
There is a need for the outcomes from R&D within this Plan Studies have been conducted on the nutritional attributes
to assist with improving perceptions of the industry and • 1.3.3 Undertake targeted market research to assess of kangaroo meat, and these have demonstrated health
product. Ongoing support for industry-funded R&D, and the impacts on industry and product perceptions. benefits such as low-fat content. There is an opportunity Key performance indicators
adoption of its outputs, rely upon widespread awareness of to conduct further studies that focus especially on
the industry program and what it delivers for the industry. micronutrients such as conjugated linoleic acid and • Nutritional benefits of kangaroo meat have been
identified for promotion by industry players.
Key performance indicators omega-3 fatty acids, where preliminary data has shown
positive results.
• Targeted market research shows an improved
consumer perception of the industry and Measurement
kangaroo products.
• Studies are published on the AgriFutures Australia
• 80% of stakeholders in the kangaroo industry are well-
website and disseminated, and are being accessed by
informed of the activities and outcomes of this Plan.
industry participants and the general public.
Measurement
• Market research data is available on the AgriFutures
Australia website and is being accessed by industry
participants and the general public.
• Stakeholder survey data shows 80% of kangaroo
industry stakeholders are well-informed of the
activities and outcomes of this Plan.AgriFutures Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan 26 2021-2026 27
AgriFutures Kangaroo Program
Strategic RD&E Plan 2021-2026
2 Priority – The consumer appeal of kangaroo products is enhanced
Strategy 2.2: Demonstrate the food safety Indicative activities Strategy 2.3: Enhance value through Indicative activities
credentials of the industry improved product specifications
• 2.2.1 Research the effects of gamma irradiation on • 2.3.1 Research the factors (cut, type of animal, area of
kangaroo meat and other interventions as required for origin) that affect the eating quality of kangaroo meat.
Justification market access. Justification • 2.3.2 Review the approaches taken in other wild-
• 2.2.2 Promote the hygiene practices and food safety kill industries to determine product specification
The kangaroo harvest involves a high standard of hygiene. credentials of the kangaroo meat chain. There is a standard set of cuts for kangaroo meat, but they and differentiation.
Despite this, and especially because kangaroos are wild are much less sophisticated than those of other meats,
harvested, the industry must be able to demonstrate such as beef. In addition, there is little product grading to • 2.3.3 Develop a product specification and grading
rigorous attention to, and achievement of, high standards of support marketing on the basis of cooking method or eating framework suitable for the industry.
food safety. There are specific market access requirements Key performance indicators quality outcomes – like the type provided by Meat Standards
(such as gamma irradiation to reduce microbial load in Australia for beef and sheep meat. This constrains industry
• Scientific data is generated to satisfy regulators
product exported into the US), and the suitability of kangaroo efforts to attract higher prices for premium kangaroo meat Key performance indicators
meat for interventions that enable market access must be that gamma irradiation is a safe treatment for products, and increases the risk of a poor eating experience
established separately to that of other meats. kangaroo meat. among consumers. • Product specifications are determined that support
• Marketing activities demonstrate the whole-of-chain eating quality assurance claims.
safety of kangaroo meat.
Measurement
Measurement
• Product specifications are available on the AgriFutures
• Industry regulators accept that gamma irradiation is a Australia website and are being accessed by industry
safe treatment for kangaroo meat. participants and the general public.
• Information about the whole-of-chain safety of
kangaroo meat is available on the AgriFutures Australia
website and is being accessed by industry participants
and the general public.AgriFutures Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan 28 2021-2026 29
Plan implementation Monitoring, evaluation and
and governance reporting (MER) framework
Implementing the plan Alignment with the AgriFutures Australia Measuring the progress of the industry
MER framework and the Plan
It is critically important that the kangaroo industry
has representation with AgriFutures Australia in A monitoring, evaluation and reporting (MER) framework Most outputs arising from this RD&E Plan will be in the
the implementation of this Plan and the oversight developed for the Kangaroo Program is outlined in Table form of research reports or product specifications (animal
of its performance. 5. The framework is aligned to the AgriFutures Australia welfare, sustainability, nutritional value, food safety,
MER framework, which provides a standardised ‘logic’ to product value) that can be used to effect change for the
With this in mind, the AgriFutures Kangaroo Program describe how inputs are used to generate benefits from betterment of the industry. The exceptions are data on
will have a Research Manager and Research Coordinator RD&E investments. stakeholder awareness of industry activities and outcomes
committed to it. The Research Manager will work with the and targeted market research to determine whether
Kangaroo Industry Association of Australia (KIAA) and other industry developments have impacted perceptions. These
relevant stakeholders to implement and govern this Plan, would need to be captured by an industry survey and
run the RD&E open call process, assess project proposals targeted market research, respectively.
and monitor project progress.
Going forward, outputs arising from this Plan will also
Where required, AgriFutures Australia will engage suitable help AgriFutures Australia, KIAA and stakeholders with
expertise to ensure proposals align with, and help achieve, developing benchmarks to enable ongoing evaluation (e.g.
the priorities contained in this Plan. with regards to public perception of the industry, product
specifications and grading).
In implementing this Plan, AgriFutures Australia and the
KIAA will also:
It is important that the Strategic RD&E Plan is reviewed
periodically to assess whether satisfactory progress is
• Encourage collaboration among harvesters,
being made to meet the identified KPIs, and whether
processors, stakeholders, researchers and
the KPIs themselves are still the most appropriate
government organisations.
ones. AgriFutures Australia will complete a mid-term
review of the Plan towards the end of year three (2024).
• Progress the high-priority elements of the Plan.
The outcomes of the review will be formally reported to
stakeholders and an action plan implemented to rectify
• Communicate the progress and outputs of projects
any deficiencies.
and how they achieve the priorities set out in the Plan.
AgriFutures Australia will also complete a further review
towards the end of the Plan. The outcomes of this review
will be incorporated into the development of the 2026-
2031 Plan.AgriFutures Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan 30 2021-2026 31
Monitoring, evaluation and
reporting (MER) framework
Table 5: AgriFutures Kangaroo Program monitoring, evaluation and reporting (MER) framework
Priorities Indicative activities KPIs Measurement Priorities Indicative activities KPIs Measurement
• 1.1.1 Compile the scientific Scientific evidence is Scientific evidence • 2.1.1 Undertake nutritional Nutritional benefits of Studies are published
1 information available on the compiled and is a standard is available on the 2 studies on kangaroo meat. kangaroo meat have been on the AgriFutures
industry’s animal welfare practices sufficient to gain third-party AgriFutures Australia identified for promotion by Australia website and
(desktop exercise). endorsement of the industry’s website and is being • 2.1.2 Compile scientific industry players. disseminated, and
The kangaroo The consumer information on nutritional
animal welfare practices accessed by industry are being accessed by
industry’s licence to • 1.1.2 Compare the animal welfare appeal of benefits of kangaroo meat to
participants and the industry participants
operate is enhanced credentials of the kangaroo kangaroo products support marketing activities.
general public. and the general public.
industry with other animal-based is enhanced
proteins.
• 2.2.1 Research the effects of Scientific data is generated to Industry regulators
gamma irradiation on kangaroo satisfy regulators that gamma accept that gamma
• 1.2.1 Compile the scientific Scientific evidence on Scientific evidence meat and other interventions as irradiation is a safe treatment irradiation is a safe
information available on the industry sustainability is available on the required for market access. for kangaroo meat. treatment for kangaroo
sustainability of the industry is compiled. AgriFutures Australia meat.
(desktop exercise) and develop website and is being • 2.2.2 Promote the hygiene Marketing activities
a counterfactual piece of accessed by industry practices and food safety demonstrate the whole- Information about the
research – ‘What would be the participants and the credentials of the kangaroo of-chain safety of whole-of-chain safety
environmental and biodiversity general public. meat chain. kangaroo meat. of kangaroo meat
impacts if kangaroos were not is available on the
humanely harvested?’ AgriFutures Australia
website and is being
accessed by industry
• 1.3.1 Distribute final reports Targeted market research Market research data
participants and the
and easily digestible summary shows an improved consumer is available on the
general public.
information about activities perception of the industry and AgriFutures Australia
undertaken. kangaroo products. website and is being
accessed by industry • 2.3.1 Research the factors (cut, Product specifications are Product specifications
• 1.3.2 Distribute updates on work 80% of stakeholders in the participants and the type of animal, area of origin) determined that support eating are available on the
being undertaken and progress kangaroo industry are well- general public. that affect the eating quality of quality assurance claims. AgriFutures Australia
made towards targets. informed of the activities and kangaroo meat. website and are being
outcomes of this Plan. Stakeholder survey accessed by industry
• 1.3.3 Undertake targeted market data shows 80% of • 2.3.2 Review the approaches taken participants and the
research to assess impacts on kangaroo industry in other wild-kill industries to general public.
industry and product perceptions. stakeholders are determine product specification
well-informed of the and differentiation.
activities and outcomes
of this Plan. • 2.3.3 Develop a product
specification and grading
framework suitable for the industry.AgriFutures Kangaroo Program Strategic RD&E Plan 32 AgriFutures Australia Building 007 Tooma Way Charles Sturt University Locked Bag 588 Wagga Wagga NSW 2650 02 6923 6900 info@agrifutures.com.au agrifutures.com.au
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