Activity Guide - SBIFF's Riviera Theatre
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Activity Guide
FROZEN FILM FACTS
Prince Hans is named after Hans Christian Andersen, a famed and influential Danish fairy tale
poet and author of “The Red Shoes,” “The Emperor’s New Clothes,” “The Ugly Duckling,” “The
Steadfast Tin Soldier,” “The Little Match Girl,” “The Little Mermaid,” and “The Snow Queen,”
the last of which Frozen is based on.
Before making the film, the production, lighting, and design teams went to Wyoming, Quebec,
Canada, and Norway in order to study and gain an appreciation for the environment of the
film, such as walking through snow, make observations of how light reflects and refracts o snow
and ice, and to gain an inspirational natural look on ice, mountains, water, and other elements
needed for the story.
A live reindeer was brought into the animating studio for animators to study its movements and
mannerisms for the reindeer character, Sven.
Depending on the shot, it took up to 4,000 computers and 30 hours just to complete one frame.
Some of the effects used for Elsa’s magic were in fact hand drawn and not added by CG. This
includes key scenes of Elsa using her magic to freeze water.
The effects crew created a snowflake generator that allowed them to randomly create 2,000
unique snowflake shapes for the film.
Rosemaling, a style of decorative folk art prevalent in Norway’s history, appears throughout the
film on clothing, within the architecture, and even in Elsa’s magic and her icy animate creations.
The original songs for Frozen were written and composed by the husband-and-wife songwriting
team of Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez, both of whom had previously worked with
Walt Disney Animation Studios on Winnie the Pooh.
Elsa is one of the most complex Disney characters ever created from an animation standpoint.
Her hair consists of 420,000 hairs, while the average human has about 100,000 hairs on their
head. Disney’s most recent character, Rapunzel from Tangled, only had 27,000 hairs.
3
DISCUSSION QUESTIONS
What is your favorite Disney animated movie and how does it compare to Frozen?
How are the characters of the movie different than how you would ordinarily imagine them?
Which character would you want to spend the day with? Why?
Which of the characters would you want to be? Why?
If you could create your own snow creature, who would it be? Why? What would it look like?
Why do you think Elsa wants to hide her power?
What role would you like to play in making an animated film? Writer? Director? Artist / Animator? Why?
How long do you think it took to make this film? (23 months: Jan 2011 - Nov 2012)
What type of questions would you ask Jennifer Lee and Chris Buck if you had the opportunity?
Where is Norway?
What is the weather like in Norway?
What temperature does it have to be to make ice?
If you had a super power, what would it be? Why?
Who do you think would win in a wrestling match, Olaf or Kristoff?
Have you ever seen a movie in 3D before? If yes, what do you like about 3D movies?
If you were to make an animated movie what would it be about? Who would be the characters?
4
DIRECTOR PROFILE - JENNIFER LEE
Although Frozen has two directors, Chris Buck and Jennifer Lee, Lee is a particularly influential
filmmaker, as she is the first female to direct a Disney animated feature.
Raised in East Providence, R.I., Lee, 41, was a flute-playing band nerd who “became a cheerleader — a
nerd cheerleader.” She graduated from the University of New Hampshire and went to New York to work
as a graphic artist in publishing. She was shocked to be accepted at Columbia Film School as an older,
married grad student. There she met her writing partner, Phil Johnston, on the first day of school. “We
were very driven — because we were paying for it!” laughs the irreverent Lee. “We knew hard work.”
Lee now works in icicle-festooned rooms behind the enormous Mickey Mouse sorcerer’s hat that’s out-
side Disney Animation in Burbank, where the Frozen team gets “notes from up to 150 people — 150!” as
they shape Disney’s next big thing. “Every day,” Lee says, “it still feels like, ‘Am I good enough? What am
I doing here? Why are they letting me do this?’ “
Lee is officially the first female director to grace any of Walt Disney Animation Studios’ theatrical
feature animated films. Considering Frozen is Disney’s 53rd animated film, this is a big deal! It has the
opportuni-ty to change the future for women directors, as one of the biggest reasons women have had
such a hard time breaking into directing animated films is because of the lack of mentors or
predecessors. Hopefully other women will find their way to the storytelling podium to share the stories
that can truly capture the human condition. For most, to work their way up in the animation world, it
takes many years and work on many projects. But for Lee, it was only work on Disney’s previous
animated picture Wreck-It Ralph to prove her talent and get hired as a director on Frozen. . .
Also, Lee is unique in that she was brought on to direct Frozen late in the game, once producers noticed
what she could contribute. Says Frozen producer Peter Del Vecho, “Jenn has a real connection to the
film and creates dynamic and relatable characters. Her sense of comedy, adventure and story structure
paired with Chris Buck’s vast experience and incredible instincts create an ideal situation for this film.”
This is the second animated film Lee has written, after her work on Wreck-It Ralph, but only her first
time directing a film! Moreover, she is completely new to animation in general. Lee recently admitted, “I
didn’t know anything about animation until two years ago!”
Walt Disney himself always had high hopes for women in animation. In 1941, Disney told his male
animators, who were working on Dumbo at the time, “If a woman can do the work as well, she is worth
as much as a man. The girl artists have the right to expect the same chances for advancement as men,
and I honestly believe they may eventually contribute something to this business that men never would
or could.” Looking at Jennifer Lee’s work on Frozen, it is clear that Disney’s prediction was correct!
5
The Making of Frozen
The Script
The first step in making Frozen was adapting Hans Christian Anderson’s story “The Snow Queen” into an
animated script. Adapting refers to the process of taking a written story and making it a screenplay to be
made into a film. Walt Disney Animation Studios has been attempting to adapt “The Snow Queen” for
over 70 years! Walt Disney himself was looking to make the film as far back as 1943.
While Frozen is certainly inspired by the “The Snow Queen,” both directors, Chris Buck and Jennifer Lee,
feel as though the film turned out quite differently than Anderson’s original story. Co-director and
screen-writer Jennifer Lee stated, “I think the only thing we really have left from that is the character
that is a snow queen type of character, but we made it our own. So, it’s loosely inspired.”
Casting
Once the script was written, the next step in the process was finding voice actors and actresses to fit
each role. A voice actor is an actor who lends his or her voice to an animated film. For Frozen, the four
main actors and actresses were Kristen Bell (as Anna), Idina Menzel (as Elsa), Josh Gad (as Olaf), and
Jonathan Groff (as Kristoff.)
On Kristen Bell as Anna
Jennifer Lee: “Kristen, her personality is just so fun and so energetic. We had an Anna character
but Kristen really came in and pushed it and made it even funnier and even sweeter I think, and
more believable as a three-dimensional character.”
Chris Buck: “I fell in love with her voice and her spirit. We went through a long casting process
of trying to find the right Anna. She was like the first one we saw and she was it.”
6
The Animation of Frozen
Each character in Frozen was meticulously designed and brought to life by talented artists who devoted
hundreds of hours animating the movie. It took four years to make Frozen and a great amount of people
and computers. Computers were required to make Frozen because the movie was computer animated, as
opposed to hand-drawn (traditional) animation.
About Computer Animation:
Computer-generated imagery (also called “CGI,” or just “CG” for computer graphics) is creating images
by doing mathematical calculations with a computer. CG has caused big changes in the way visual effects
for movies are made, because a lot of things that are hard to do in the real world are much easier on the
computer. There are several steps to creating a CG element in a film: modeling, animation, rendering,
and compositing.
It all begins with an artist who makes drawings, photographs, or clay models that show what the director
wants. From these models and drawings, a person called a modeler works with three-dimensional shapes
on the screen to create a matching computer model. Sometimes clay models or actors’ faces are scanned
using special laser scanners to give the modeler something to start from.
When the model is perfect, the animator tells the computer how the model should move. Sometimes the
animator incorporates motion that is captured from real actors or simulated based on physics.
Once the modeling and animation are complete, an imaginary camera and lights are set up within the
computer, and a program called a renderer runs for a long time (often an hour or more for every single
frame) to create images that show the moving 3D model. A technical director fine-tunes the lighting and
the materials, rendering the scene over and over until it looks just right. The CG images are then matched
with the live-action elements (shots of real actors or background landscapes) using compositing software
that seamlessly blends them to create the final frames of the film.
So as you can see, those stunning special effects involve tons of painstaking craftsmanship, whether
they’re done with miniatures and pyrotechnics in the real world or with bits and bytes in the computer.
And when the work is done, scenes that existed only in the director’s imagination become part of the
movie’s world.
Hand Drawn Animation Computer Animation
7
The Science of Frozen
Making It Snow in Disney’s Frozen:
An interview with effects supervisors Dale Mayeda and Marlon West about their work bringing
Disney’s latest animated film to life
http://blogs.disney.com/insider/articles/2013/10/29/making-it-snow-in-disneys-frozen/
A Material Point Method for Snow Stimulation:
A technical look at how animators create a realistic portrayal of snow
VIDEO: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9H1gRQ6S7gg
PUBLICATION: https://disney-animation.s3.amazonaws.com/uploads/production/
publication_as-set/72/asset/snow.pdf
The Making of Disney’s Animated Oscar Contender Frozen:
Facts and photos about the animation processes behind the film
http://www.hollywoodreporter.com/gallery/disneys-frozen-making-oscar-contender-659515
Immersed in Movies: Disney’s Frozen Heats Up SIGGRAPH:
An article on Frozen’s technological advancements following a screening at SIGGRAPH (Special
Interest Group on GRAPHics and Interactive Techniques)
http://blogs.indiewire.com/animationscoop/frozen-heats-up-siggraph
Disney’s Frozen to Warm Hearts This Week:
Insight into certain aspects of animating Frozen, including the ice palace building scene
http://www.animationmagazine.net/features/disney-ice/
The Animation of Disney’s Frozen: Striving to Capture the Performance
Article on how effects and technology help shape performance
http://www.awn.com/articles/films/the-animation-of-disneys-frozen-striving-to-capture-the-per-
formance
8
Character Profiles
Elsa
Elsa is the perfect mythic character – magical
and larger than life. Grateful her kingdom now
accepts her, she works hard to be a good
queen. But deep down she can’t help but
wonder why she was born with powers.
Anna
Anna is the perfect fairytale character;
unflappable, she is the forever optimist.
Kristoff- A rugged mountain man and ice
harvester by trade, Kristoff was a bit of a loner
with his reindeer pal, Sven, until he met Anna. As
Arendelle’s official Ice Master and Deliverer,
Kristoff has found love with Anna and his new
family: Elsa, Olaf and Sven.
10
Olaf Created from Elsa’s magical powers, Olaf is by far the friendliest snowman in Arendelle. He is innocent, outgoing and loves all things summer. Olaf may be a bit naive, but his sincerity and good-natured temperament make him a true friend to Anna and Elsa. Sven A reindeer with the heart of a Labrador, Sven is Kristoff's loyal friend, sleigh-puller and conscience. Hans Hans is a handsome royal from a neighboring kingdom who comes to Arendelle for Elsa's coronation.
Duke of Weselton
What the Duke of Weselton lacks in stature,
he makes up for in arrogance and
showboating.
Oaken
Oaken runs Wandering Oaken's Trading Post
and Sauna.
Snowgies
Snowgies are little snowmen Elsa unwittingly creates
every time she sneezes—and she sneezes a lot.
11Film Vocabulary
Actor/Actress A person who plays the role of a character in a movie.
Action A term called out by the director to start filming. (“Action!”)
Action Film A fast-paced adventure movie.
Agent A person responsible for the business of an actor or artist.
Animated Film A movie made by a series of picture drawings or
computer graphics.
Behind the Scenes The work done off-camera while making a film.
Bird’s Eye View A camera shot from above as a bird would see flying over.
Boom Microphone A microphone placed on an extendable rod.
Boom Operator A member of the sound crew who works the boom microphone.
Best Boy A person responsible for operation and equipment
in the lighting or grip departments.
Blockbuster A movie that is a major success.
Camera A device for recording images.
Camera Crew A group of workers that operate the cameras.
Camera Angle The point of view from the camera.
Cameo A small part played by a famous person as a guest appearance.
Cast All the actors that are in a movie.
Casting The process of choosing actors for a movie.
Cinematographer The person in charge of the photography and camera work .
Clapboard A small board that shows the information of the
movie. It is “clapped” to start the take.
Clip A brief segment from a movie.
Close-up Shot A zoomed in shot that shows a person or item that fills the screen.
Comedy A funny movie.
Costume Designer A person who designs the costumes for a movie.
Crane A large machine that lifts the camera high off the ground.
Credits A list of all the people who helped make the movie.
Critic A person who writes reviews of films.
Cut A term used by the director to stop filming. (“Cut!”)
Digital A collection of digital files used to store and convey digital
Camera cinema (DC) audio, image, and data streams.
Director of Photography(DOP) The leading artist on a movie set, in charge of making the film.
Documentary Film A movie that shows real events and follows actual people.
Dolly A wheeled support for the camera.
Double An actor who stands in for another actor during special scenes.
Drama A movie with an exciting, emotional, or unexpected storyline.
Editing Choosing, arranging, and fixing clips to create a scene.
9Editor A person in charge of editing.
Extra A person who appears in a movie usually as part of a crowd
or in the background of a scene.
Fast Motion A shot in a movie that appears to move much
faster than other shots.
Film Festival An event where multiple films are viewed and often
premiere for the first time. Some film festivals have a
consistent theme throughout each film.
Filmmaking The process of making a movie from an initial idea
through scriptwriting, shooting, directing, and editing.
Flashback A scene that cuts to events that happened previously.
Foreign Film A movie produced outside the US.
Frame A series of still photographs that create a moving picture
(movie) when viewed one after another in quick succession.
Genre A category of films, defined specific elements of style, form, etc.
Green Screen A green background that actors are filmed in front of that allows
computer graphics to be added later to change the background.
Hair Stylist A person responsible for maintaining actors’ hairstyles
during filming.
High-Angle Shot A camera angle that looks down on a character.
Independent Film A movie produced by a smaller studio.
Horror A scary movie.
Lighting Artificial light used for various technical and artistic purposes.
Lighting Crew A group of technicians who install and operate lighting.
Long-Shot A camera shot from far away, usually showing the character as
very small in comparison to their surroundings.
Low-Angle Shot A camera shot that looks up at a character.
Make-up Artist A person in charge of actors’ make-up.
Movie A series of still or moving images captured by a camera.
Music Arranger Someone who adapts a musical composition for
voices and instruments to a movie.
Musical A movie where singing and dancing is used as a main
form of communication.
Premiere The first official showing of a movie.
Prequel A movie that shows the characters and events that
took place before the setting of a previous movie.
Prop Anything an actor touches or uses on the set.
Pyrotechnician A member of the crew with expertise in fire or explosions.
Reel A metal spool that holds film.
10Scene A series of shots used in a movie.
Screenplay A script written to be produced as a movie.
A movie based on an imagined future, usually relating to
Sci-Fi scientific or technological advances.
Script A written description of the film.
Sequel A movie that is a continuation of the story of a previous movie
Setting The time and space in which a story takes place.
Set Designer The person responsible for turning the idea of the movie’s
environment into a set that can be used for filming.
Slow Motion A shot in a movie that appears to move much slower than the
rest of the shots.
Sound Effects Audio added by the sound crew after filming.
Soundtrack The collection of songs played throughout the movie.
Spaghetti Western A western filmed in Italy, often with American leading actors.
Special Effects An artificial effect used to create an illusion in a movie.
Spoof A comedy movie that humorously mimics another movie/
Star A famous actor or actress.
Steadicam A device that keeps a camera steady and makes the
shot look smoother.
Storyboard Pictures created to show the ideas of a scene or movie.
Studio A company that produces films.
Stunt A dangerous action performed in a movie.
Stuntman A performer who fills in for actors during dangerous scenes.
Take One version of a specific shot in a movie.
Talkie An early term for a film with sound and recorded voices.
Trailer A short preview for a movie.
Trainer A person who works with animals to perform various
behaviors in movie.
Voice-Over Artist A person hired to do the voices for animated characters.
Wacom Cintiq A device that allows a user to draw images on a tablet screen
that are digitized into a computer, like electronic pen and paper.
11Western A movie about cowboys, usually set in western North America.
A phrase used by the director when finished shooting.
Wrap
(“That’s a wrap!”)
Writer A term for someone who creates written work for a film.
Zoom Shot A shot that magnifies an object’s size.
3-D Film A movie that uses technology to make it seem as though
you are watching it with three dimensions.
12FROZEN INTERNET RESOURCES
Frozen Official Movie Website
http://movies.disney.com/frozen
Frozen Games
http://movies.disney.com/frozen/games
Frozen Photo Gallery
http://movies.disney.com/frozen/gallery
Walt Disney Animation Studios Website
http://www.disneyanimation.com/
Frozen Wikipedia Page
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frozen_%282013_film%29
IMDb (Internet Movie Database) Website
http://www.imdb.com/
Rotten Tomatoes Website
http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/frozen_2013/
Santa Barbara International Film Festival Official Website
http://www.sbiff.com
13How to Draw: Anna
SONG
LYRICS
Sing-along with the songs from Frozen!
Let It Go
The snow glows white No right, no wrong, no rules for me.
on the mountain tonight, I’m free!
not a footprint to be seen.
A kingdom of isolation and it looks Let it go, let it go.
like I’m the queen. I am one with the wind and sky.
The wind is howling like this Let it go, let it go.
swirling storm inside. You’ll never see me cry.
Couldn’t keep it in, Heaven knows I tried. Here I stand, and here I’ll stay.
Don’t let them in, don’t let them see. Let the storm rage on.
Be the good girl you always have to be.
Conceal don’t feel, don’t let them know. My power flurries through the air
Well, now they know! into the ground.
My soul is spiraling in
Let it go, let it go! frozen fractals all around
Can’t hold it back anymore. And one thought crystallizes like an icy blast
Let it go, let it go! I’m never going back; the past is in the past!
Turn away and slam the door.
I don’t care what they’re going to say. Let it go, let it go.
Let the storm rage on. And I’ll rise like the break of dawn.
The cold never bothered me anyway. Let it go, let it go
That perfect girl is gone
It’s funny how some distance, Here I stand, in the light of day.
makes everything seem small.
And the fears that once controlled me, Let the storm rage on!
can’t get to me at all The cold never bothered me anyway.
It’s time to see what I can do,
to test the limits and break through.
NOW ON DVD &
DIGITAL HD
© 2014 DisneySONG
LYRICS
Sing-along with the songs
from Frozen!
In Summer
Kristoff: Really? I’m guessing you don’t have Dah dah, da doo,
much experience with heat. uh bah bah bah bah bah boo
Olaf: Nope! But sometimes I like to close
my eyes, and imagine what it’ll be like when The hot and the cold are both so intense,
summer does come. Put ‘em together it just makes sense!
Bees’ll buzz, kids’ll blow dandelion fuzz Rrr Raht da daht dah dah dah
And I’ll be doing whatever snow does dah dah dah dah dah doo
in summer.
A drink in my hand, Winter’s a good time
my snow up against the burning sand to stay in and cuddle,
Prob’ly getting gorgeously tanned But put me in summer and I’ll be a —
in summer. happy snowman!
I’ll finally see a summer breeze, When life gets rough,
blow away a winter storm. I like to hold on to my dream,
And find out what happens to solid water Of relaxing in the summer sun,
when it gets warm! just lettin’ off steam.
And I can’t wait to see,
what my buddies all think of Oh the sky would be blue,
me. and you guys will be there too
Just imagine how much When I finally do what frozen things do in
cooler I’ll be summer.
in summer. Kristoff: I’m gonna tell him.
Anna: Don’t you dare!
Olaf: In summer!
NOW ON DVD &
DIGITAL HD
© 2014 DisneyOLAF
CRAFT
Recreate the lovable magical snowman Olaf out of felt!
You will need:
(4 - 8.5x11 pieces) Stem wire (1 yard) Sewing needle Glue
(1 - 8.5x11 piece) Googly eyes Cotton stuffing Scissors
(1 - small piece) White thread Glue Pliers
Directions: Adult supervision is required for this craft
Collect all your materials on the checklist above. Print the following
pages on you home printer . Cut out the pattern template pieces .
Follow the assembly instructions Have fun creating your very own Olaf!
STEM WIRE HAIR
BLACK FELT EYEBROWS
GOOGLY EYES
ORANGE FELT NOSE
WHITE FELT TEETH
BLACK FELT MOUTH
WHITE FELT HEAD
WHITE FELT BODY
STEM WIRE ARMS
BLACK FELT BUTTONS
NOW ON DVD &
DIGITAL HD
© 2014 DisneyOLAF HEAD
OLAF CRAFT
WHITE FELT HEAD
1) Cut this same shape out of 2
pieces of white felt.
2) Stitch both pieces together around
the outside edge leaving a 2”
opening along the bottom neckline.
3) Turn inside out.
4) Fill with cotton stuffing through
the bottom opening.
5) Stitch closed and set aside.
NOW ON DVD & DIGITAL HD
FOR SOME
ACTION AND MILD
RUDE HUMOR
© 2014 DisneyOLAF FACE
OLAF CRAFT GOOGLY EYES
Apply carefully into position on the face with glue.
Eyebrows STEM WIRE HAIR
Use your pliers to cut and shape three pieces for the top of Olaf ’s head.
Attach by inserting into a small hole at the top of head and secure with
Googly Eyes a stitch or glue.
STEM WIRE ARMS
Insert length of stem evenly wire through the body.
Carrot Nose Use your pliers to shape each side into hands.
Mouth BLACK FELT EYEBROWS
Cut these shapes out of black felt.
Apply to face with glue above googly eyes
Teeth
ORANGE FELT CARROT NOSE
WHITE FELT TEETH Cut this shape out of orange felt.
Cut this shape out of white felt. Roll into a triangle.
Apply to the top of the black mouth Apply to face with glue.
piece with glue.
BLACK FELT MOUTH
Cut this shape out of black felt.
Apply to face with glue.
NOW ON DVD & DIGITAL HD
FOR SOME
ACTION AND MILD
RUDE HUMOR
© 2014 DisneyOLAF BODY
OLAF CRAFT
WHITE FELT BODY
1) Cut this same shape out of 2
pieces of white felt.
2) Stitch both pieces together
around the outside edge leaving a
2” opening along the top neckline.
3) Turn inside out.
4) Fill with cotton stuffing through
the bottom opening.
5) Stitch closed and set aside.
BLACK FELT BUTTONS
Cut these shapes out of black felt.
Apply to body with glue.
NOW ON DVD & DIGITAL HD
FOR SOME
ACTION AND MILD
RUDE HUMOR
© 2014 DisneyFf"tnily FROZEN Snowgie Snowflake Templates
Snowflake 1
family.disney.com ©DisneyFf"tnily FROZEN Snowgie Snowflake Templates
Snowflake 2
family.disney.com ©DisneyFf"tnily FROZEN Snowgie Snowflake Templates
•
Snowflake 3
family.disney.com ©DisneySTONE TROLLS CRAFT
Create your
very own Stone
Trolls out of
real stones!
You Will Need: Multiple
sized rocks, Hot glue gun,
Black marker, Googly eyes,
Spanish Moss.
Directions: Adult supervision is required for this craft.
1) Clean your rocks with soapy water, let dry completely. 2) Stack your rocks with one larger
rock on the bottom and smaller rock on the top. Once you are satisfied with the body and head
formation, secure with hot glue. 3) Use your smaller rocks to add a nose and ears, secure with
hot glue. 4) Add googly eyes to the face with hot glue. 5) Use your marker to
draw eyebrow and mouth details. 6) Finish with a touch of Spanish Moss on the
top of the head. 7) Set the Stone Trolls on a bed of Spanish Moss.
NOW ON DVD & DIGITAL HD
© 2014 DisneyVisiting Arendelle?
Try the Apple Cake!
ARENDELLE APPLE CAKE
Ingredients:
Dry ingredients:
1/2 cup Light brown sugar
1-1/2 cups All-purpose flour
1/2 cup Flax seed meal
1 tsp Baking soda
1 tsp Xanthan gum
1/2 tsp Cinnamon
1/4 tsp Sea salt
Wet ingredients:
1 cup Organic applesauce
1 cup Organic milk
1 Tbsp Apple cider vinegar
1/4 cup Organic butter, melted
Streusel Topping:
Preparation: 1/2 cup Brown sugar
1) Preheat oven to 375°. 2) Combine all dry ingredients in a large mixing bowl. 1/2 cup Rice flour
3) Combine all wet ingredients in a separate, smaller, mixing bowl. 4) Pour wet 1/4 cup Organic butter
ingredients into dry ingredients and mix thoroughly. 5) Pour mix evenly into 5 1 tsp Cinnamon
well greased mini cake pans (3” x 5” x 2”). 6) Make streusel by mixing your dry 1/4 tsp Nutmeg
ingredients together first, then, folding in your butter and beat together until
evenly crumbled. 7) Apply your streusel topping evenly over the tops of your
mini cakes. 8) Bake for 30 minutes. 9) Test for desired consistency and cook lon-
ger if needed. 10) Remove pans from the oven and let cool before serving.
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