2020 Facultad de Derecho Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information - Universidad de Palermo

 
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2020 Facultad de Derecho Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information - Universidad de Palermo
Annual
                                         Report
                                         2020

Facultad de Derecho
Center of Studies on Freedom
of Expression and Acces to Information
2020 Facultad de Derecho Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information - Universidad de Palermo
2       Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information                                                                                                         Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information               3

 Staff
                                                                                                                                                                                         Editorial                                   Agustina Del Campo
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                     Director of CELE

                                                                                                                                                          This 2020, CELE faced new and demanding challenges        from scholars and civil society representatives from
                                                                                                                                                          along with the global pandemic. And we were               16 countries in the region. The content emphasized
                                                                                                                                                          successful and creative in this endeavor, continuing      issues related to the state of emergency and its
 Agustina Del Campo                     Carlos Cortés              Ramiro Álvarez Ugarte            Morena Schatzky               Matías González         our research projects and prioritizing the creation of    impact on the Internet from the perspective of its
       Director                          Researcher                  Senior Researcher                Researcher               Legislative Observatory
                                                                                                                                                          digital content for our blog. Given the extended social   multiple actors: governments, companies, and civil
                                                                                                                                     Coordinator
                                                                                                                                                          distancing, we focused on the concerns of the most        society in an attempt to make the topics that made so
                                                                                                                                                          vulnerable and the new challenges in the exercise         many headlines this year more accessible and ground
                                                                                                                                                          of their digital rights, including the right to freedom   them on specific problems related to vulnerable
                                                                                                                                                          of association and assembly, right to protest,            populations, migrants, women, and children.
                                                                                                                                                          access to quality and affordable Internet, equality
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    In 2020 we have much to be thankful for. First, I would
                                                                                                                                                          and nondiscrimination. The blog featured articles
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    like to thank CELE’s team, which is evolving over time,
    Paula Roko                          Franco Serra                Lucila Belen Miranda          Josefina Del Campo              Victoria Abatte         by researchers, collaborators, and staff members,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    for their commitment, creativity, and dedication. We
    Researcher                    Legislative Observatory                Consultant              Community Manager.             Communications and        reaching an average of more than 8000 views per
                                  Coordinator (May 2020)                                       Administrative coordinator        Logistics Assistant                                                                also thank CELE’s extended community of alumni,
                                                                                                                                                          month and addressing some of the most problematic
                                      and Researcher                                                                                                                                                                former researchers, associates, and collaborators
                                                                                                                                                          issues of the regional, local and global agenda.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    for their help and support. We extend a special thanks
Researchers for the Legislative Observatory                                                                                                               In 2020, CELE, together with its team of researchers      to our regional partners, civil society organizations,
                                                                                                                                                          and collaborators, produced more than 11 academic         and academia for their warmth and openness, and
                                                                                                                                                          papers in different research areas. We continued          the generosity to share their knowledge and provide
                                                                                                                                                          and strengthened our work with the Legislative            feedback. And of course, we would like to thank
                                                                                                                                                          Observatory, the only repository of laws and bills on     the donors who make our work, its dissemination,
                                                                                                                                                          freedom of expression in the region. Furthermore,         and impact, possible. Thanks to their contribution,
                                                                                                                                                          iLEI started two new research projects. The first one     we can enhance our research and train a growing
      Patricia Peña                      Luisa Isaza                 Álvaro Castellanos               Camilo Filartiga         Martina Rapido Ragozzino   intended to study of business self-regulation and its     number of organizations, ensuring the responsible
  Researcher for the                Researcher for the               Researcher for the             Researcher for the            Researcher for the      impact on due diligence initiatives on human rights       study and development of freedom of expression
Legislative Observatory           Legislative Observatory          Legislative Observatory        Legislative Observatory       Legislative Observatory   in the ICT sector. The second project, undertaken in      and a more inclusive, richer, and better-informed
        in Chile                        in Colombia                     in Guatemala                    in Paraguay                    in Ecuador
                                                                                                                                                          association with Linterna Verde (Colombia), aimed at      Internet governance.
                                                                                                                                                          monitoring and studying the terms and conditions of
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Like every year, I cannot fail to thank the president
                                                                                                                                                          service and community rules of three leading social
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    of the University of Palermo, Ricardo Popovsky,
                                                                                                                                                          media platforms.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    and his team for their constant support, the dean of
                                                                                                                                                          The development and deployment of surveillance            the School of Law, Leandro Vergara, and the entire
                                                                                                                                                          technology for health and other related purposes          UP team who facilitate our work. With this report,
                                                                                                                                                          offered important opportunities and challenges            we conclude the year 2020, with a lot of lessons
                                                                                                                                                          for the promotion and protection of human                 learned and strengthened convictions. The world
        Andrés Calderón López                Juan Carlos Arjona Estévez                 Mariana Valente                      Thiago Oliva
     Researcher for the Legislative         Researcher for the Legislative        Researcher for the Legislative     Researcher for the Legislative       rights. The viralization of scams, disinformation,        was exposed to a new Internet experience in the
         Observatory in Peru                   Observatory in Mexico                  Observatory in Brazil              Observatory in Brazil            and misinformation also spawned a new wave                social distancing exercise imposed by the pandemic,
                                                                                                                                                          of regulatory initiatives and a paradigm shift            where work like ours became even more relevant. We
                                                                                                                                                          within technology companies. CELE promoted a              welcome 2021 with renewed energy to promote and
Research assistants                                                                                                                                       coordinated and collective approach to these issues.      collectively build more inclusive, more open societies,
Alejandra Castaneda (Columbia Law School).              Luz Arambarri (Lawyer).
                                                                                                                                                          In August, we held the eighth edition of the annual       with the firm conviction that the circulation of ideas
Lucila Tula (School of Social Sciences, UBA).           Laura Kauer (University of London).
                                                                                                                                                          workshop “Towards a Better Internet Regulation in         and opinions of all kinds contribute to the wealth of
                                                                                                                                                          Latin America”, which received over 150 applications      our democracies.
2020 Facultad de Derecho Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information - Universidad de Palermo
4     Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information                                                              Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information               5

> Regional Legislative Observatory
for Freedom of Expression                                                                                                                                                              INTERNATIONAL
                                                                                                                                                                                       ACADEMIC COMMITTEE
This project focuses on the monitoring and systematization of laws and bills that affect                                                                                               • Mariclaire Acosta
freedom of expression and the circulation of discourse in the Americas. The goal is to analyze                                                                                         Former director of the Democratic
the situation of the right to freedom of expression and its regulation after the arrival of the                                                                                        Governability Department and Special
Internet. Currently, the Observatory’s website includes the survey and legislative analysis of                                                                                         Adviser to the OAS.
Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico, and Peru.                                                                                                    • Rosental Alves
                                                                                                                                                                                       Director and professor at the Knight
The Legislative Observatory has more than 267 laws and over 716 bills allowing us to monitor
                                                                                                                                                                                       Center for Journalism in the Americas
the legislative development, identifying opportunities and challenges common to our countries.
                                                                                                                                                                                       and UNESCO Chair in Communications
During 2020, CELE promoted and participated in presentations of the Legislative Observatory                                                                                            at the University of Texas.
in Argentina, Guatemala, Mexico, Ecuador, and Peru. This project is made possible by the                                                                                               • Owen Fiss
generous support of the National Endowment for Democracy.                                                                                                                              Sterling Professor of Law at Yale
                                                                                                                                                                                       University.

» 2020 Activities:                                                                                                                                                                     • Cecilia Medina Quiroga
                                                                                                                                                                                       Former President of the Inter-American
 • SERIES OF INTERVIEWS. How did the pandemic impact different countries?                                                                                                              Court of Human Rights.
   Due to the closure of a large majority of Latin American legislatures in March and April
   2020, the legislative agenda on issues of freedom of expression was first abruptly
                                                                                                                                                                                       • Santiago Cantón
                                                                                                                                                                                       Former OAS Special Rapporteur for
   interrupted, followed by a shift of some of the debates to the executive branch. These
                                                                                                                                                                                       Freedom of Expression. Professor
   debates were in matters of surveillance, technology, personal data and the pandemic,                                                                                                of Law for the Master’s degree in
   Internet access, and in some countries the handling of disinformation linked to the                                                                                                 International Human Rights Law,
   pandemic. As a result and taking advantage of the work carried out with the Legislative                                                                                             University of Buenos Aires.
   Observatory, CELE conducted a series of interviews with the Observatory’s consultants
   so that they could tell us first-hand what was happening in their countries’ Congresses
                                                                                                                                                                                       • Roberto Saba
                                                                                                                                                                                       Academic director of the Center for
   and Assemblies. The videos are accessible on CELE’s website and on social media and
                                                                                                                                                                                       Postgraduate Studies and of the
   made it possible to document and give visibility to some of the most pressing problems in                                                                                           Master’s degree in Law at the University
   terms of rights and technologies at a time of increasing emergency, with the suspension                                                                                             of Palermo.
   of some guarantees, justified by the health emergency.

 • Meetings with Members of Congress from the region
   As a result of the pandemic, in general terms, some issues related to emergency,
   health, the economy, and finance acquired new relevance in the legislative agenda of
   the different States. This happened at the same time that some of the more traditional
   spaces for debate were closing, bringing about the question of how can we settle some          JOIN CELE
   of those discussions when the issue at hand may not become relevant in public opinion,
   as priorities changed?
                                                                                                  CELE offers university students and young professionals the possibility of joining as collaborators and research assistants.
   In this state of affairs, CELE suggested meetings to promote dialogue, exchange of
   experiences, and common concerns across borders. These discussions gave continuity             The candidates must be students or have a degree in Law, International Relations, Communication Sciences, Political
   to other previous conversations with the Congresses of the region and new follow-up            Science, Journalism or any other related discipline.
   and informative meetings. With this in mind, during June CELE held roundtables with
   representatives from Ecuador, Peru, Mexico, and Guatemala.                                     Those interested in freedom of expression and access to information will find in CELE a space to broaden their
   Additionally, in November 2020 we organized the First Inter-Parliamentary Meeting with         knowledge, debate and exchange information and ideas, and an opportunity to contribute to research, guidelines, and
   representatives from Mexico, Guatemala, Argentina, and Ecuador to follow up on some            recommendations in those subjects. Collaborations usually last between 2 and 6 months.
   of the concerns that Members of Congress and representatives from different countries
                                                                                                  Interested applicants must send a résumé and cover letter (no longer than one page) to cele@palermo.edu with the
   sent us during the year. The meeting included discussions on best and worst practices in
                                                                                                  subject “Convocatoria”.
   content regulation and liability of intermediaries, in a year marked by growing concerns
   about fake news, hate speech, and Internet crime.
2020 Facultad de Derecho Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information - Universidad de Palermo
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“We welcome the initiative of CELE and are happy to participate in the encounter
organized by the Regional Legislative Observatory on Freedom of Expression of the
Centro de Estudios en Libertad de Expresión y Acceso a la Información [Center for
Studies on Freedom of Expression and Access to Information] (CELE) of the School of
                                                                                                          » Blog
Law of the University of Palermo in Argentina.”                                                              • “Coronavirus: protección de datos y confidencialidad en
“The Committee on Information Technology, Media and Freedom of Expression of the                               Ecuador” [Coronavirus: data protection and confidentiality in
Senate of Argentina values the space for discussion and debate regarding the regulation                        Ecuador], by M. Rapido Ragozzino.
of the Internet in freedom of expression.”                                                                   • “The Brazilian Congress approach to disinformation and
                                                                                                               platform regulation puts freedom of expression at risk”, by
                     Senator Alfredo Luenzo, President of the Senates Comission on                             T. Dias Oliva and H. Massalo.
                     Media Communication, Technology and Freedom of Expression.
                                                                                                             • “Encuesta COVID-19: acumulación de datos sin objetivos
                                                                                                               claros” [COVID-19 survey: gathering data without clear
                                                                                                               objectives], by A. Calderón.

                                                                                                             • “Covid-19: protección de datos y acceso a internet durante
                                                                                                               la pandemia” [Covid-19: data protection and Internet access
                                                                                                               during the pandemic], by M. Rapido Ragozzino.

                                                                                                             • “Guatemala: la tentación de usar la emergencia para
                                                                                                               silenciar la crítica y criminalizar las ‘fake news’” [Guatemala:
                                                                                                               the temptation to use the emergency to silence criticism and
                                                                                                               criminalize ‘fake news’], by Á. Castellanos Howell.

                                                                                                             • “Argentina Conectada Bis. Mejores prácticas y lecciones
                                                                                                               aprendidas del ejercicio 2020” [Argentina Connected Bis.
                                                                                                               Best practices and lessons learned from the year 2020], by
                                                                                                               L.Ailén Tula.

                                                                                                             • “Nueva mesa parlamentaria en el #IGF2020” [New
                                                                                                               parliamentary table at # IGF2020], by M.González and A. Del
                                                                                                               Campo.

                                                                                                             • “Gobernanza de internet y poder judicial” [Internet
                                                                                                               governance and the judiciary], by V. Abatte and A. Del Campo.

                                                                                                          » Publications
                                                                                                             • B. Califano. “Análisis del proceso de debate de iniciativas
                                                                                                               legales sobre protección de datos personales y sus
                                                                                                               conflictos con el derecho a la libertad de expresión”
                                                                                                               [Analysis of the debate process of bills on the protection of
                                                                                                               personal data and their conflicts with the right to freedom of
                                                                                                               expression]. (December 2020)

                                                                                                             • T. Oliva: “Libertad de Expresión en el poder legislativo brasileño:
                                                                                                               Temas y tendencias” [Freedom of Expression in the Brazilian
                                                                                                               Legislative Power: Issues and Trends]. (December 2020)
2020 Facultad de Derecho Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information - Universidad de Palermo
8      Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information

> Iniciativa por la Libertad
  de Expresión en Internet (iLEI)
In 2012, CELE created the Initiative for Freedom of Expression       with issues like what obligations exist for the States in this
on the Internet (iLEI), which actively promotes analysis,            matter; what national and comparative tools could serve these
understanding, and the implementation of standards for               purposes and how could they be implemented.
human rights on the Internet in Latin America. Various research
                                                                     The research team worked under the direction of Agustina Del
projects on different issues and varying relevance were
                                                                     Campo, and the coordination of Ramiro Alvarez Ugarte, co-
developed, which are described below.
                                                                     author of the three papers. National and international interns
Furthermore, CELE works and collaborates with different              and students also were part of the team. Laura Kauer and
sectors on this initiative. We actively participate in permanent     Alejandra Castañeda co-wrote with Ramiro the first two articles
consultation groups promoted by the private and public sectors       in a three-part series.
and civil society.Since 2013 we are part of the Global Network
Initiative where A. Del Campo, director of CELE, was reelected
in March 2020 as a Board Member (Alternate) by the academic
sector. She is also part of the Accountability, Learning, and
Policy Committees.

The Center is a founding member of AlSur, an alliance of
Latin American organizations that works in a coordinated and
collaborative way to contribute as a community to different
regional and global processes. Within the framework of this
initiative, outside of specific research areas, iLEI participated    » Letrachica.digital: How do rules evolve
in the UNESCO Consultation on Artificial Intelligence, a public      within platforms?
consultation of the UN Committee on the Rights of the Child on
the draft of the General Comment on Children’s rights in relation    In 2020 and with the support of the Open Society Initiative,
to the Digital Environment, especially on issues of freedom of       CELE, in alliance with Linterna Verde, developed a research and                                                                         » Blog
expression and privacy.                                              monitoring project of the evolution of the terms and conditions                                                                           • “El rol activo de las plataformas en tiempos de pandemia:
                                                                     of service of three of the main platforms with the most impact                                                                              un repaso de sus políticas y los vacíos que comienzan a
                                                                     in Latin America: Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube. The project                                                                               surgir” [The active role of platforms in times of pandemic:
» Human Rights Impact Assessments and                                began in January focusing on methodological issues and                                                                                      a review of their policies and the gaps that are beginning
Due Diligence in the ICT sector                                      studying the websites and the terms and conditions of the three                                                                             to emerge], by P. Roko.
                                                                     companies. And as of May, it is monitoring the development
This research proposes mapping and critically analyzing the          and evolution of the standards. With the pandemic and the                                                                                 • “Pandemia y control de la desinformación” [Pandemic
commitments regarding due diligence and human rights                 elections in the United States, the level of activity and debate                                                                            and control of disinformation], by L. Isaza.
impact assessments in the ICT sector, starting from a critical       within and outside the platforms about content, its circulation,                                                                          • “#platformlaw: ¿Cómo funcionan las apelaciones a la
review of its origins. The authors present the challenges and        and regulation was probably more favorable than expected for                                                                                moderación privada de contenidos?” [How do appeals
opportunities that the existing framework poses for the future       the launch of this initiative.                                                                                                              work in private content moderation?], by A. Del Campo.
development of these tools. This is more significant as the          Furthermore, letrachica.digital is hosted on a website and
tension between platforms, States and users grows around                                                                                                                                                       • “Redes sociales en América Latina: entre la espada y la
                                                                     is permanently updated by our researchers. It currently has
current norms and practices in the digital space. The second                                                                                                                                                     pared” [Social media in Latin America: between a rock and
                                                                     information on hate speech, elections and civic engagement,
article is the culmination of the second phase of research           nudity and sexual content, and the public interest exception.         » Meetings, conferences, consultations                                a hard place], by A. Del Campo.
addressing the critical study of the few public experiences in the   Content on insults, bullying and defamation; violence and             and featured panels
matter of impact assessments in the ICT sector and highlights        security, intellectual property and authenticity is in development.
                                                                                                                                            • RightsCon Online: panel “Moderate globally, impact locally”
the role of the existing supervisory bodies, set up formally or      The hard data arising from the investigation will be available to
                                                                                                                                              and the strategic session “Human Rights based model for
informally as control mechanisms of these activities. The            everyone, thus promoting new investigations, points of view, and
                                                                                                                                              intermediary liability: how do we get there” (July 2020). A.
third article is currently being drafted and will address impact     approaches to the subject.
                                                                                                                                              Del Campo.
assessments from a public sector perspective. It will deal
                                                                                                                                            • Moderate globally, Impact locally, Yale/Wikimedia Initiative
                                                                                                                                              on Intermediaries and Information (November 2020)
2020 Facultad de Derecho Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information - Universidad de Palermo
10     Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information                                                                                                          Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information                       11

                                                                                                                                          » Meetings, conferences, consultations and featured panels
» Blog
                                                                                                                                            • Consulta Pública sobre Principios de Santa Clara [Public Consultation on the Santa Clara Principles], organized by EFF
 • “Libertad de expresión: entre la lógica y la democracia” [Freedom                                                                          (May 2020).
   of expression: between logic and democracy], by A. Del Campo.
                                                                                                                                            • Human Rights and the DSA, organized by GNI (May 2020).
 • “Sumando contexto: la editorial de Zuckerberg, el conflicto
                                                                                                                                            • Presentation of the reports on regional Internet & Jurisdiction (June 2020).
   Twitter-Trump y la responsabilidad de intermediarios frente
   a problemas sociales de larga data” [Adding context: the                                                                                 • Regional consultation on draft Article 19 “Principios sobre libertad de expresión y elecciones en la era digital” [Principles
   Zuckerberg editorial, the Twitter-Trump conflict, and the liability                                                                        on freedom of expression and elections in the digital age] (July 2020)
   of intermediaries in the face of long-standing social problems],                                                                         • Roundtable “CFK vs. Google” organized by Observacom and AccessNow (August 2020).
   by A. Del Campo.
                                                                                                                                            • “Regulación, co-regulación y responsabilidades de plataformas para una internet libre y abierta” [Regulation, co-
 • “TikTok got serious! Una nueva forma de protesta” [TikTok                                                                                  regulation, and platform liability for a free and open Internet], Informative meeting of the Communications and
   got serious! A new form of protest], by M. Schatzky.                                                                                       Information Technology Committee, House of Representatives of Argentina (August 2020).
 • “Facebook bajo la lupa: excepciones de interés periodístico                                                                              • Liability of Intermediaries webinar, Past, present and future, CEPI and ISOCBrasil (November 2020).
   y discurso político” [Facebook under scrutiny: exceptions of                                                                             • IGF Argentina, Liability of Intermediaries (December 2020).
   journalistic interest and political discourse], by A. Del Campo and J. Pallero.
                                                                                                                                            • Right to be forgotten, Via Libre (October 2020).
 • “Colombia - CNE: otra aproximación a la regulación de la campaña electoral en redes sociales” [Colombia - CNE: another
   approach to the regulation of the electoral campaign in social media], by C. Botero.

 • “CELE director, Agustina Del Campo, presentation on the UN Forum on Minority Issues, Nov 19 & 20.” A. Del Campo

 • “Las redes sociales el día después de las elecciones en EEUU” [Social media the day after the US elections], by C. Botero (Karisma).

 • “El T-MEC mexicano 2020: prácticas y lecciones” [Mexican T-MEC 2020: practices and lessons], by M. González.

 • “CELE director, Agustina Del Campo, presentation on the UN Forum on Minority Issues, Nov 19 & 20.” A. Del Campo

                                                                                                                                                                                                             » Intermediary Liability and content
                                                                                                                                                                                                             moderation
                                                                                                                                                                                                             iLEI has been working since 2012 on the issue of liability of
                                                                                                                                                                                                             intermediaries on the national, regional, and international
                                                                                                                                                                                                             agenda, participating in workgroups, alliances, exploratory
                                                                                                                                                                                                             meetings, conferences, and discussions. We have also promoted
                                                                                                                                                                                                             spaces for debate on these issues in the legislative branch in
                                                                                                                                                                                                             different countries, in the judiciary, in universities, in civil society
                                                                                                                                                                                                             organizations, and our interventions and publications.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                 > Publications
                                                                                                                                                                                                                 • AlSur, Mirando AlSur: hacia nuevos consensos regionales
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   en materia de responsabilidad de intermediarios [AlSur,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Looking Southwards: towards new regional consensus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   on the liability of intermediaries] - A. Del Campo, M.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   Schatzky, JC Lara and L. Hernandez (December 2020).
2020 Facultad de Derecho Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information - Universidad de Palermo
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> Current Agenda New and/or renewed questions                                                                                            > 8th edition of the Annual Workshop “Towards a
brought by the pandemic:                                                                                                                 Better Internet Regulation in Latin America”
                                                                                                                                         Every year since 2013, iLEI has held its Workshop towards           problems related to vulnerable populations, migrants, women,
» Disinformation, Democracy and Pandemic                           » Privacy and Personal Data- Covid Apps
                                                                                                                                         a better Internet regulation in Latin America. The workshop         and children.
One of the main topics in the agenda due to the situation was
                                                                   and Cyber Espionage                                                   became a groundbreaking training space in Latin America that
                                                                                                                                                                                                             The workshop had an open call and there were more than 150
the issue of disinformation, democracy and the pandemic.           Both the OAS and UN Rapporteurs for Freedom of Expression             brings together organizations, activists, and stakeholders in the
                                                                                                                                                                                                             applications from organizations from 16 countries in the region.
Along with the uncertainty and the prevailing uncertainty about    have highlighted the close link between the rights to privacy         region to reflect on the new challenges in Internet regulation,
                                                                                                                                                                                                             The final group of participants consisted of 40 people with
the virus, its impact, transmission, prevention mechanisms,        and freedom of expression. This year, these issues were closely       their implications, and projections. In 2020 the workshop was
                                                                                                                                                                                                             diverse gender and geographic representation.
etc., a generalized concern arose about what the World Health      linked to the use of technology by the State in the framework of      held 100% online for the first time.
Organization called the “Infodemic”, that is, the viralization     the expansion of the COVID 19 pandemic in the world.                                                                                      Participant testimonies:
                                                                                                                                         The digital ecosystem is more relevant today than ever and the
of information related to the health crisis. This concern was
                                                                   Initiatives and collaborations:                                       protection of human rights in this environment is gaining renewed   “I think that the exchange of experiences with colleagues from
addressed from different perspectives at the State level
                                                                                                                                         attention worldwide. The content of this year’s workshop            other countries will allow me to put in context and bring another
(projects to regulate, sanction and criminalize disinformation),   • Together with AlSur, CELE worked on a project to develop            emphasized issues related to the state of emergency, the global     perspective to the discussion on the moderation of content on
from a business point of view (modifications to the terms            an observatory of Applications (Apps) developed and/or              context, and the reaction of governments, companies, and civil      social media, its influence, and consequences.”
and conditions of service, changes in the approaches of the          deployed for health reasons in the region (OCCA). The project       society and their impact on the Internet. Some of the topics
platforms to the issue of disinformation, with inconsistencies       is funded by the Open Society Institute and the Inter-American      discussed were privacy and security on the Internet, deployment     “Now when we tackle projects on cybersecurity, we will take into
in their application) and from the media’s outlook. The increase     Development Bank and is managed and coordinated by AlSur.           of state and private technology, emergencies, transparency and      account the functioning of the Internet as such and I believe that
in concern presented the need to generate clear criteria, under      The website of the project is pending publication and the final     auditing; disinformation, public and privatized discourse, the      it will also be particularly critical to comment on behavior on
the guidance of the States.                                          report with the analysis is currently being edited                  concentration of sources; emergency and the private sector;         social media during electoral times.”
Meetings, conferences, consultations, and featured panels          • “Cómo es la gestión de la pandemia en los países de América         and Internet governance and social distancing. The goal of
                                                                                                                                                                                                             “It gave me many more tools and notions of the debates to be
                                                                     Latina” [How is the management of the pandemic in Latin             the workshop was to bring these issues that are generically
• Meeting of Experts convened by the Office of the Special                                                                                                                                                   able to contribute daily.”
                                                                     American countries], a research project for Chequeado.com           described in newspaper headlines and ground them on specific
  Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression on Disinformation
  and Pandemic (September 2020)                                      together with the Human Rights Center of UBA Law School,
                                                                     Torcuato Di Tella University (UTDT), the Asociación Civil por la
• Information and Democracy, organized by the World                  Igualdad y la Justicia (ACIJ) [Civil Association for Equality and
  Movement for Democracy (September 2020) organized                  Justice] and the Centro para la Implementación de Derechos
  by International IDEA and the Forum on Information and             Constitucionales (CIDC) [Center for the Implementation of
  Democracy (September 2020).                                        Constitutional Rights].
• COVID-19, Disinformation, and Narrative Competition
  organized by the Forum (October 2020).
                                                                   » Blog
• Roundtable “Opiniones virales. Riesgos para la libertad de
  expresión durante la pandemia” [“Viral Opinions. Risks to        • “Aplausos, cacerolas y cadenas de mensajes: los derechos
  freedom of expression during the pandemic], organized by           de reunión y asociación durante la pandemia” [Applause,
  Asuntos del Sur (July 2020).                                       banging pots and chain letters: the rights of assembly and
                                                                     association during the pandemic], by P. Roko and F. Serra.
• “Desinformación y democracia” [Disinformation and
  democracy] organized by Fundación Democracia en Red              • “¿Ciberpatrullaje o inteligencia?” [Cyber-surveillance or
  (July 2020).                                                       intelligence?], by M. Schatzky and A. Del Campo.

Collaborations

With AlSur, CELE took part in the drafting of a preparatory
working document for the Meeting of Experts called by the OAS
Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression. The paper was
written by Ramiro Alvarez Ugarte with contributions from all the
members of AlSur.
2020 Facultad de Derecho Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information - Universidad de Palermo
14    Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information                                                                                                          Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information              15

> Publications, Panels and Presentations of                                                                                                  in social media, organized by the Equipo Latinoamericano           Observacom and AccessNow (August 2020).
                                                                                                                                             de Justicia y Género (July 2020).
  our Faculty:                                                                                                                           •   Participant, Regional Consultation on the draft by Article
                                                                                                                                                                                                            •   Panelist, Informative meeting of the Communications
                                                                                                                                                                                                                and Information Technology Commission of the House of
                                                                                                                                             19 “Principios sobre libertad de expresión y elecciones en         Representatives of Argentina: “Regulación, co-regulación y
                                                                                                                                             la era digital” [Principles on freedom of expression and           responsabilidades de plataformas para una internet libre y
                                                                                                                                             elections in the digital age] (July 2020).                         abierta” [Regulation, co-regulation and liability of platforms
» Agustina Del Campo
                                                                                                                                                                                                                for a free and open Internet] (September 2020).
                                                                                                                                         •   Speaker, Podcast “Fuerte al medio” on hate speech (July
Publications:                                                                                                                                2020).                                                         •   Panelist, Panel on disinformation, organized by the
• ¿LA DESINFORMACIÓN EN DEMOCRACIA O LA DEMOCRACIA                  •   Panelist, Presentation of the report “Disonancia, voces                                                                                 IACHR’s Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of
                                                                                                                                         •   Speaker, Podcast “El Bestiario de Internet” Hate speech,
  DE LA DESINFORMACIÓN? [DISINFORMATION IN                              en disputa” [Dissonance, voices in dispute] for Article 19                                                                              Expression (September 2020).
                                                                                                                                             from Fundación Vía Libre (July 2020).
                                                                        Mexico (May 2020).
  DEMOCRACY OR THE DEMOCRACY OF DISINFORMATION?]                                                                                                                                                            •   Panelist, Roundtable “Regular o no regular” [To Regulate or
                                                                                                                                         •   Panelist, RightsCon Online: panel “Moderate globally,
  “This article critically analyzes some of the measures adopted    •   Participant, Consultation of the Special Rapporteur for                                                                                 Not], together with C. Cortés, C. Botero, L. Herrera, and F.
                                                                                                                                             impact locally” and the strategic session “Human Rights
  by the Government, Internet companies, and the media in               freedom of expression and opinion of the United Nations,                                                                                Robledo, organized by Alcentro (October 2020).
                                                                                                                                             based model for intermediary liability: how do we get there”
  recent years and raises some pending questions in the search          David Kaye, for the report “Freedom of Expression and
                                                                                                                                             (July 2020).                                                   •   IGF 2020, panel: “One size fits all? Global norms as a threat
  for solutions.” An Asuntos del Sur publication written by our         Academic Freedom” (May 2020).
                                                                                                                                                                                                                to inclusion” (November 2020)
  Director, A. Del Campo.                                                                                                                •   Panelist, Roundtable “Opiniones virales. Riesgos para la
                                                                    •   Panelists, Perspectives from Latin America, panel organized
                                                                                                                                             libertad de expresión durante la pandemia” [Viral Opinions.    •   Moderate Globally, Impact Locally: A Virtual Workshop
                                                                        by the Global Network Initiative and DSA Europe (May 2020).
Conferences:                                                                                                                                 Risks to freedom of expression during the pandemic],               Hosted by the Yale/Wikimedia Initiative on Intermediaries
                                                                    •   Panelist, Presentation of the regional Internet & Jurisdiction       organized by Asuntos del Sur (July 2020).                          and Information (November 2020)
•    Participant, Freedom Online Conference in Accra, Ghana
                                                                        report (June 2020).
     (February 2020).                                                                                                                    •   Panelist, “Desinformación y democracia” [Disinformation        •   Forum on minority issues, UN, “International legal and
                                                                    •   Participant in the consultation on Academic Freedom of               and democracy] organized by Fundación Democracia en                institutional framework”
•    Commentator, Presentation of regional preliminary
                                                                        the then Special Rapporteur, David Kaye (June 2020).                 Red (July 2020).
     observations for a regional report - Internet & Jurisdiction                                                                                                                                           •   Panelist, Liability of Intermediaries webinar, Past, present
     (April 2020).                                                  •   Panelist, Political violence against women and dissidents        •   Panelist, Participation in “Asuntos en 30”, meeting                and future, CEPI and ISOCBrasil (November 2020).
                                                                                                                                             organized by Asuntos del Sur (August 2020).
                                                                                                                                                                                                            •   Inter-Parliamentary Work Meeting of the Legislative
                                                                                                                                         •   Panelist, Roundtable “CFK vs. Google” organized by                 Observatory on Freedom of Expression” -Argentina,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Ecuador, Guatemala, and Mexico. (November 2020)
This year our director had the honor of being a candidate for the
UN SPECIAL RAPPORTEUR FOR FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION
AND OPINION.

Access @agustinadelcamp nomination here.

For more information on the post of UN Special Rapporteur for
Freedom of Expression, click on the following link here.
2020 Facultad de Derecho Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information - Universidad de Palermo
16   Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information                                                                                                           Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information              17

» Ramiro Alvarez Ugarte
                                                                                                                                       > CELE meetings, conferences, consultations and
                                                                                                                                       featured panels!
Publications:
                                                                   •   Panelist, “Election year: assessing the global human rights
•    Layers of crises: when pandemics meet institutional and
                                                                       impacts of political misinformation in 2020.” RightsCon
     economic havoc, in Global Data Justice and COVID-19
                                                                       2020. July 27-31, 2020.
     (2020). Editors: Linnet Taylor, Gargi Sharma, Aaron Martin,
     and Shazade Jameson; London: Meatspace Press.                 •   Panelist, “Marco jurídico internacional de la Libertad de       DEMOCRACIA EN RED “Evento online sobre las consecuencias             “El caso CFK vs. Google. OBSERVACOM y Access Now
                                                                       Expresión, Acceso a la Información, y Protección de             de seguir degradando nuestro espacio público, nuestros lugares       organizan un encuentro para discutir sobre la responsabilidad
Conferences:                                                                                                                           comunes. Un encuentro para analizar cómo discutimos en las           de intermediarios en Argentina a partir del caso CFK vs. Google”
                                                                       Periodistas” [International legal framework for Freedom
•    Workshop participant, “Los dilemas de la desinformación y         of Expression, Access to Information, and Protection of         redes con una mirada humana, tecnológica y política” [Online         [CFK v. Google. OBSERVACOM and Access Now organized a
     la moderación del debate público en línea” [The problems of       Journalists]. UNESCO, IACHR, Knight Center for Journalism       event on the consequences of continuing to degrade our public        meeting to discuss the liability of intermediaries in Argentina in
     misinformation and the moderation of online public debate].       in the Americas of the University of Texas. July 15-27, 2020.   space, our common places. A meeting to analyze how we                the CFK v. Google case]
     Workshop on Digital Rights 2020. Center for Studies on                                                                            discuss with one another in social media, with a technological
                                                                   •   Moderator, CELE Seminar-Opening Session- “Hacia un
     Freedom of Expression and Access to Information (CELE).                                                                           and political perspective]
                                                                       movimiento digital de No Alineados” [Towards a non-
     Buenos Aires, Argentina. August 17-21, 2020.
                                                                       aligned digital movement]. (December 2020)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                             0:00 / 5:00

                                                                                                                                                       0:00 / 5:00

                                                                                                                                                                                                            MYTHS ABOUT HATE SPEECH ON SOCIAL MEDIA. Agustina
                                                                                                                                       Webinar: “Violencia política contra las mujeres y disidencias a      Del Campo and Beatriz Busaniche shared a very entertaining
                                                                                                                                       través de redes sociales” [Political violence against women and      episode on the Bestiario de Internet podcast about hate speech
                                                                                                                                       dissidents in social media]. Our Director, Agustina Del Campo,       on social media.
                                                                                                                                       was a speaker in the online seminar on political violence against
                                                                                                                                       women invited by @equipoELA and @fundecoAar.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                             0:00 / 5:00

                                                                                                                                                       0:00 / 5:00

                                                                                                                                                                                                            Roundtable: Viral Opinions, Risks to freedom of expression
                                                                                                                                       Informative     meeting      “Regulación,      co-regulación     y
                                                                                                                                                                                                            during the pandemic. Agustina Del Campo participated as a
                                                                                                                                       responsabilidades de plataformas para una internet libre y
                                                                                                                                                                                                            guest panelist with a brief reflection on what are the challenges
                                                                                                                                       abierta” [Regulation, co-regulation and liability of platforms for
                                                                                                                                                                                                            that the pandemic brought in terms of freedom of expression.
                                                                                                                                       a free and open Internet]

                                                                                                                                                       0:00 / 5:00                                                           0:00 / 5:00
2020 Facultad de Derecho Center of Studies on Freedom of Expression and Acces to Information - Universidad de Palermo
About CELE
The Centro de Estudios en Libertad de Expresión y Acceso a la         The creation of CELE responds to the need to generate debate
Información [Center for Studies on Freedom of Expression and          spaces devoted to reflecting on the importance of these rights in
Access to Information] (CELE) was created in 2009 within the          the region, their content and limits. To this end, the center intends
School of Law of the University of Palermo with the aim of carrying   to establish a dialogue and collaboration with other academic units
out studies that become useful tools for sectors of civil society,    in the country and Latin America.
journalists, government and academic institutions dedicated to the
defense and promotion of these rights, especially in Latin America.

Goals                                                                                                                   Funding

• To encourage, together with other academic units, the in-depth study of issues
  related to freedom of expression and access to information.
• To develop studies, guidelines and recommendations tending to generate a
  concrete impact in the development and understanding of public policies in this
  matter.
• To generate awareness of the importance of these rights in democratic societies,
  especially in new generations.

                                                                                   Mario Bravo 1050, 7° piso. Ciudad de Buenos Aires
                                                                                   Tel: (54 11) 5199-4500 int. 1204/1213
                                                                                   www.palermo.edu/cele
                                                                                   E-mail: cele@palermo.edu
                                                                                       @CELEUP |         /CELEUP
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