175 Years of Chemistry at the University of Zurich: Tradition, Dedication and Vision

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175 Years of Chemistry at the University of Zurich: Tradition, Dedication and Vision
175th ANNIVERSARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH                                                                                                            68
                                                                              doi:10.2533/chimia.2008.68                               CHIMIA 2008, 62, No. 3

                                                                             Chimia 62 (2008) 68–74
                                                            © Schweizerische Chemische Gesellschaft
                                                                                   ISSN 0009–4293

                           175 Years of Chemistry at the University of
                           Zurich: Tradition, Dedication and Vision
                           Jay S. Siegel*

                           Abstract: April 29th, 2008 marks 175 years that chemistry has thrived as a leading discipline at the University of
                           Zurich and in the intellectual life of Zurich. This issue of CHIMIA is dedicated to honoring this venerable history and
                           celebrating the exciting present-day activities that point to positive future developments for chemistry in Zurich.
                           Keywords: Chemistry Institutes UZH · History of chemistry

                                                    Introduction                                           tion to more than advancements in research
                                                                                                           of new knowledge; it promotes innovation
                                                    April 29th, 2008 marks 175 years that                  in the teaching and the fostering of young
                                                    chemistry has thrived as a leading disci-              minds, providing creative leadership and
                                                    pline at UZH and in the intellectual life of           force for progressive change in our aca-
                                                    Zurich. This issue of CHIMIA is dedicated              demic and social community.
                                                    to honoring this venerable history and cel-                The special role of chemistry as the
                                                    ebrating the exciting present-day activities           science of all things material, links the ad-
                                                    that point to positive future developments             vances of chemical research to art, science
                                                    for chemistry in Zurich.                               and technology. Chemical research blends
                                                        The motto of UZH 175th anniversary                 the artisan’s craft with the philosopher’s
*Correspondence: Prof. Dr. J. S. Siegel
Institute of Organic Chemistry
                                                    is Wissen Teilen (Sharing Knowledge)                   dilemma, and as such spans the breadth of
University of Zurich                                to which a corollary would be − Wissen                 scholarly activities from pure philosophy to
Winterthurerstrasse 190                             schaffen durch Wissen teilen − (Sharing                applied engineering sciences. Chemistry is
CH-8006 Zurich                                      Knowledge by Seeking Knowledge). This                  a crucial part of any well-educated citizen’s
Tel.: +41 44 635 4281
Fax: +41 44 635 6888                                embodies the idea that a balanced univer-              schooling, and an essential component of
E-mail: jss@oci.uzh.ch                              sity chemistry program displays a dedica-              any prosperous nation’s industrial technol-
175 Years of Chemistry at the University of Zurich: Tradition, Dedication and Vision
175th ANNIVERSARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH                                                                                                     69
                                                                                                                                CHIMIA 2008, 62, No. 3

ogy. Switzerland as a nation and Zurich as      Werner and Karrer). As scholarly as that           So it has been since the early days. The
a Canton, have reaped demonstrable eco-         program was, it was equally clear that the         groups of Werner and Karrer were always
nomic and intellectual benefits from their      many facets and broad reaching implica-            large and broadly representative of the na-
strong chemical heritage, and the invest-       tions of chemistry could not be covered in         tions of the world.
ment in the future of Chemistry remains         one institution. When the Polytechnikum,               One poignant example of Zurich’s early
a clever strategy for a society dependent       now known as the ETH, was established in           international standing and synergistic in-
upon innovation in medicine, materials and      1856, the complementarity of the two in-           teractions between UZH and ETH comes
manufacturing.                                  stitutions raised Zurich higher in the inter-      from three Japanese scientists who studied
    Today, with two of Europe’s strongest       national scales than either institution could      with Willstätter and Werner during the year
academic institutions only a stone’s throw      claim alone. The independent missions of           1910. Yuji Shibata, Rikou Majima, and Ya-
apart, Zurich remains a thriving hub for        these two institutions enabled each to grow        suhiko Asahina all completed postdoctoral
molecular science and related bio/nano          strong through cooperative competition.            stays in Zurich in 1910, and returned to
technologies. The present standing follows      The university with a stronger emphasis on         Japan to found the fields of modern coor-
from a tradition in research, dedication to     fundamental research and a liberal peda-           dination chemistry, pharmaceutical chem-
teaching, and vision toward the future.         gogical program is associated with many            istry and organic chemistry, respectively.
    Excitement over the exploration of the      revolutionary changes in the conception of         The accomplishments of these three men
molecular world combined with the socially      chemistry. Paul Karrer expressed this same         in altering the face of modern chemistry
responsive reportage of one’s findings has      sentiment ca. 50 years ago. I paraphrase his       in Japan are amply documented in histori-
earmarked the legions of scholars at UZH        words here:                                        cal works, all of which cite their respective
who have earned their wings as Chemists.            Numerous fundamental developments              times in Zurich. That they knew each other
During this period, they have forged strong     in chemistry are associated with Zurich.           and socialized collectively during their Zu-
personal ties to mentors and built lifelong     The high standard of chemical science pur-         rich days is documented in a now famous
networks that support them throughout           sued by Zurich’s two academic institutions         tourist photo (Fig. 1). Three such influential
their professional lives. This band of alu-     is responsible to a significant extent for the     figures, two leading chemical research cen-
mini (and of course alumnae) came from all      advance of chemistry at its roots and for          ters, one great city!
over the globe to Zurich and now represents     the support of a strong and vibrant Swiss              The latter groups, such as Schwarzen-
the UZH tradition as leaders of industry and    industry. Few cities can boast such accom-         bach, Schmid and Clusius, also benefited
academia worldwide. Their contribution          plishments.                                        greatly from an international mix of stu-
to the UZH experience provides a strong             Indeed, rare are the cities of the world       dents. Indeed the university, from concep-
history upon which current students can         that can boast two leading academic institu-       tion to today, boasts of a cosmopolitan
build.                                          tions, which together provide the citizenry        working environment.
    Chemistry in Zurich has molded cul-         with an intellectual environment so condu-             Local and international ‘Nachwuchs’,
tural, political and economic aspects of        cive to the pursuit of enterprise and to the       or youth development, was an early forte
society. The discipline is wed to the Swiss     personal development of its future genera-         of the Zurich school, and was driven by the
(Zurcher) way of life. One could even pon-      tions. Modern chemistry, as it is pursued in       vision of the patriarchs. In addition to the
der the abbreviation for Switzerland (CH)       greater Zurich environment, continues this         Japanese anecdote above, numerous chem-
as coming more from Chemistry than from         tradition.                                         istry professors and industry leaders came
Confoederatio Helvetica.                            Conrad Hans Eugster published a de-            from the labs on Rämistrasse.
                                                tailed history of the first 150 years of UZH
                                                chemical heritage in German 25 years ago.
Chemistry in Canton Zurich                      In this issue, Gillian Harvey has produced a
                                                translation of this work into English. Start-
    In 1833, a new university formally          ing from this as a basis for the historical
opened in Zurich, a city with centuries of      record, special focus articles highlight the
scholarly ecumenical activity as well as        individual institutes of chemistry: 75 years
extensive recognition for medicinal stud-       of Physical Chemistry by Professor Robert
ies. The founders, such as Orelli, had the      Huber, the Werner tradition in Inorganic
vision that this University should be for all   Chemistry by Professor Heinz Berke and
of Switzerland, and should have an inter-       colleagues, and the last 25 years in Organic
national reputation as a leading house for      Chemistry by Professor Heinz Heimgartner
liberal thought.                                and me.
    The first Rector, a Physician and Natural       Another important part of the UZH
Philosopher by background, was dedicated        chemical legacy is the collection of research
to an academic program founded in the re-       samples preserved from the researcher pro-
search and development of new knowledge.        grams of Werner, Karrer, Schmid and Eug-
Chemistry, with its fundamental mission         ster. Nathaniel Finney provides a perspec-
to create new forms of matter and control       tive on these collections in an article that
their transformations, featured prominently     traces the chemical history of UZH through
in this plan. The importance of chemistry       these research collections.
was highlighted with a charter chaired full
professor and the recognition that the pur-
suit of chemistry meant a commitment to         An International Program for
the technologies of its investigation.          Chemical Research
    It is well known that the soil for 19th
century chemistry was extremely fertile             The student composition at UZH should          Fig. 1. Yuji Shibata, Rikou Majima and Yasuhiko
and led propitiously to some of Switzer-        also reflect its international position of stat-   Asahina sharing a social day in Zurich during
land’s earliest Nobel Prize winners (cf.        ure as a major hub for chemical research.          their postdoctoral studies in 1910
175 Years of Chemistry at the University of Zurich: Tradition, Dedication and Vision
175th ANNIVERSARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH                                                                                                  70
                                                                                                                             CHIMIA 2008, 62, No. 3

    With Bologna reforms in curricula, mo-
bility among universities of different coun-
tries should become easier and the student
body should become even more interna-
tional. A liberalization of the curriculum to
afford students a chance to pursue more in-
terdisciplinary areas is greatly anticipated.
The international flavor is highly prized at
UZH, and our program continues to evolve
to accommodate students from all science
study backgrounds into chemistry.
    As with all present day global ventures,
the use of English as a lingua franca great-
ly facilitates intercultural exchange, and in
this spirit teaching in Chemistry at UZH
prepares students for a global career. Mixed
international character, English discussion,
and a liberal curriculum, make UZH a pro-
gressive chemical research environment.
    The international tradition of UZH has
grown with time. Today the student and
professorial ranks are broadly populated
with the best scientists from Europe, Asia
and the Americas. Chemistry at UZH is
thus best seen as an international program      Fig. 2. Werner’s text                            Fig. 3. Karrer’s text
in the service of Canton Zurich.
    Within the ‘Fachbereich’ for Chemis-
try and Biochemistry, a new joint venture       groundbreaking text (Fig. 2). This text has      tory manual that covered the broad aspects
has developed in the form of the Graduate       recently received an award from the His-         of practical chemistry in two volumes.
School for Chemical and Molecular Sci-          tory of Chemistry Division of the American            New modern day advances in the practi-
ences, Zurich (CMSZH). Dr. Ferdinand            Chemical Society as a most influential text      cal laboratory include plans to meld Organ-
Wild and Professor Roland Sigel provide         in the development of chemistry.                 ic, Inorganic and Physical laboratories into
an outline of the new program, its require-         Karrer wrote a text on Organic chemis-       a unified comprehensive training/research
ments, benefits and motivations. Such co-       try that was internationally renowned as the     lab experience. The addition of automation
operative programs throughout the faculty       ‘Karrer’s Bible’ (Fig. 3). The book carried      for process development and optimization
of math and natural science provide strong      through 13 editions and was translated into      in upper division practical work, harmo-
networks for research students to obtain        numerous international languages, includ-        nize well with our Academic/Industry joint
broad training, while staying on the cutting-   ing Russian and Japanese. Professor Emeri-       venture, the Laboratorium für Prozessfor-
edge of research in chemistry.                  tus André Dreiding fondly recalls his time       schung (LPF).
                                                as a student at Columbia University in New            The modern concept of chemistry cer-
                                                York. He notes that, at that time, Karrer’s      tainly could not be taught without the aid
Dedication to Teaching                          text was considered the authoritative text.      provided by reliable molecular models. No
                                                Karrer structured his book based on func-        matter the quality of new computer simula-
    Not only is chemistry at UZH one of the     tional groups and substance classes. The         tions, chemists and common folk still have
oldest formally structured disciplines, but     book included many experimental details,         a fascination for hand-held models. Here
it has also been a focus point for teaching     and a selection of appendices with valuable      too UZH was at the forefront. An excep-
and curricular development. The univer-         empirical data.                                  tional set of models were developed by
sity forefathers understood the importance          Schwarzenbach’s text on General and In-      André Dreiding. Every student of confor-
of chemistry and established a chair for        organic Chemistry set a new level in present-    mational analysis has benefited enormously
chemistry among the inaugural professor-        ing a broad vision and underlying principles     from ‘Dreiding Models’ (Fig. 4).
ships. The pedagogical prowess of the first     of chemistry to the introductory student. This        This tradition in the development of
Professor of Chemistry, Carl Jakob Löwig,       tradition in providing pedagogically sound       new curricula continually energizes us to
was known locally for his elegant lecture       textbooks has continued (see Table 1).           consider our discipline more broadly and
style and internationally for his acclaimed         As well, practical training at UZH has       more deeply. The recent establishment of
textbook on general chemistry. The impor-       been at the forefront of instruction, concep-    a bachelor’s and master’s program in Busi-
tance placed on practical work as part of       tually and technologically. Laboratory train-    ness Chemistry (Wirtschaftschemie) at
the education was strong, and systematic        ing for students dates back to the beginning     UZH marks the first such program in Swit-
methods in the laboratory were paramount,       of UZH, and has led the way forward with         zerland, and has led to an increased interest
as illustrated in Städeler’s handbook for the   numerous innovations over the years. Today,      and number of entering students to chem-
systematic qualitative analysis of chemical     it is fashionable to speak of green chem-        istry study. Professor Stefan Seeger, the
species.                                        istry and sustainability, but already in the     founder of the Business Chemistry program
    Werner, in 1904, made major advances        1990s the Zurich Model was well known as         at UZH, depicts this full-fledged chemistry
in the teaching of stereochemistry through      an efficient structure for a laboratory class    course of study in his article.
his book on the topic, and in the same year,    oriented toward protecting the environment            Additional changes in the program will
he revolutionized chemical research and ed-     and reducing waste, while still providing        no doubt continue to lead the way in evolv-
ucation by effectively creating and structur-   substantial training.[1] In 1994, Fischer and    ing how the chemical course of study is
ing the field of inorganic chemistry in one     Eugster published through VHCA a labora-         conceived. As more and more of chemical
175 Years of Chemistry at the University of Zurich: Tradition, Dedication and Vision
175th ANNIVERSARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH                                                                                                          71
                                                                                                                                     CHIMIA 2008, 62, No. 3

Table 1. Selected historical textbooks from the Chemistry Institutes UZH                              with great sentiment his time at UZH as a
Professor             Title                                             Year   Publisher
                                                                                                      doctoral student with Karrer. His training
                                                                                                      on the systematic approach to the isolation
                      Theory (Lecture) Textbooks                                                      and characterization of natural products,
Karl J Löwig          Lehrbuch der Chemie: mit besonderer Berück-       1832   Engelmann,
                                                                                                      learned during his UZH experience, guided
                      sichtigung des technischen und medizinischen             Heidelberg             him to be a meticulous professional medici-
                      Theils.                                                                         nal chemist. Through this act of becoming
                      Chemie der organischen Verbindungen               1838   Vieweg, Braunschweig
                                                                                                      a ‘prepared mind’, he prepared himself to
                      (2 editions)                                      1947                          realize the nature and importance of his
                                                                                                      chance discovery.
Alfred Werner         Neuere Anschauungen auf dem Gebiete der           1904   Vieweg & Sohn,             Training in how to approach problems
                      anorganischen Chemie                                     Braunschweig
                                                                                                      from a chemical/molecular perspective
                      Lehrbuch der Stereochemie                         1904   Gustav Fischer, Jena   prepares one for a variety of career paths.
Paul Karrer           Lehrbuch der organischen Chemie                   1927   Thieme, Stuttgart      Another more recent alumnus, Dr. Volkan
                      (14 editions)                                                                   Kísakürek, became the principal editor of
Karl W Nägeli         Lehrbuch der Chemie für Mediziner                 1935   Thieme, Stuttgart      Verlag Helvetica Chimica Acta, which is re-
                                                                                                      sponsible for publishing an enormous num-
                      Oppenheimer‘s Grundriss der organischen Che-      1938   Thieme, Stuttgart      ber of books and research articles reporting
                      mie. 15th edition
                                                                                                      ground-breaking results of Swiss and other
Gerold                Allgemeine und anorganische Chemie: ein ein-      1941   Thieme, Stuttgart      scientists. Graduates of UZH chemistry
Schwarzenbach         faches Lehrbuch auf neuzeitlicher Grundlage
                                                                                                      have taken on various careers in academia,
H. Labhart,           Einführung in die Physikalische Chemie            1975   Springer-Verlag.       industry, finance, law, etc.
                                                                               Berlin                     As a tribute to our alumni and in celebra-
Georges Wagniere      Introduction to Elementary Molecular Orbital      1976   Springer-Verlag,       tion of the alumni tradition, several former
                      Theory and to Semiempirical Methods                      Berlin                 students with close remaining ties to UZH
                                                                                                      have provided a series of personal perspec-
                                                                                                      tives or short profiles of their experience at
                      Practical Textbooks
                                                                                                      UZH and in their latter career. Since their
Georg A K Städeler    Leitfaden für die qualitative chemische Analyse   1861   Orell Füssli, Zürich   time at UZH, they have become Professors,
                      unorganischer Körper (3 editions)                                               Founders of Companies, Heads of Industri-
Manfred Hesse,        Spektroskopische Methoden in der organischen      1995   Thieme, Stuttgart      al Research, Patent Attorneys, among other
Herbert Meier,        Chemie                                                                          careers. They clearly illustrate how person-
Bernd Zeeh            7. Auflage 2005                                                                 ally beneficial a UZH training can be.
Hans Fischer,         Praktikum in Allgemeiner Chemie (Ein umwelt- 1994/95 VCHA-VCH
Conrad Eugster        schonendes Programm für Studienanfänger mit
                      Versuchen zur Chemikalien- Rückgewinnung),                                      A Tradition of Giving
                      Teil I, Allgemeine und Anorganische Chemie,
                      Teil II, Organische und Physikalische Chemie.
                                                                                                          The support of chemistry at UZH has
                                                                                                      not been restricted to purely academic pur-
                                                                                                      suits. UZH has a long history of supporting
hypotheses are founded on the basis of our           Alumni – An Important Extended                   innovation and industrial entrepreneurial
ability to control material structure at the         Chemical Family                                  activity. Numerous chemists have had the
molecular level, a move toward teaching                                                               opportunity to start business-oriented en-
the skills underpinning the design, synthe-               No surprise that after 175 years a large
sis and analysis of molecules as a collective        number of undergraduate and doctoral
and synergistic activity will become more            students, as well as post-doctoral and ha-
prominent. Molecular design and synthesis            bilitation researchers, have contributed to
could well serve as a theme that unites re-          and benefited from the chemistry program
search and teaching in the molecular sci-            at UZH. Some, like Professor Yuji Shibata
ences.                                               (mentioned above), come from far lands
                                                     and subsequently return home to revolu-
                                                     tionize chemistry in their home country.
                                                     Others are born only a stone’s throw from
                                                     the chemical laboratories, perhaps at the
                                                     Unispital, and they remain in Zurich teach-
                                                     ing and mentoring the next generation. No
                                                     matter their background or career path, they
                                                     received a fundamental formation of their
                                                     intellectual character through study and re-
                                                     search at UZH.
                                                          One of our most revolutionary alumni
                                                     is the centenarian Dr. Albert Hofmann (Fig.
                                                     5). He revolutionized the world with his
                                                     discovery of LSD and his realization that
                                                     there could be entire families of chemical       Fig. 5. Alumnus Dr. Albert Hofmann at his
                                                     species that act selectively on the human        centennial birthday celebration in the Irchel
Fig. 4. Dreiding models                              conscience. At 102, he still remembers           Campus
175 Years of Chemistry at the University of Zurich: Tradition, Dedication and Vision
175th ANNIVERSARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH                                                                                                     72
                                                                                                                                CHIMIA 2008, 62, No. 3

terprises as spin-offs or seed ventures of        and concerned community members have            allow students to find affordable housing
the University. Two of the most successful        found personal satisfaction from donating       in Zurich during their study time. Through
ventures led to the formation of Polyphor         time and finances to support chemistry at       such donations, the alumni not only give
and Carbogen. Alumni perspectives of              UZH in recognition of a benevolent Alma         back to UZH, but also create opportuni-
these two founding groups tell a bit about        mater.                                          ties for their academic younger cousins to
the fertile environment provided by UZH               The tradition of giving from chemis-        enjoy the golden research experience that
chemistry.                                        try’s alumni and emeriti has been long and      only an institution of the quality of UZH
    As noted in the article from Carbogen’s       generous. Even in the 1800s, the tradition      can provide.
founders, UZH’s support of start-up and           of giving back to UZH in thanks for years           The Legerlotz Stiftung also has provi-
spin-off enterprises has had a positive in-       of scholarly support and to foster an even      sions to support the purchase of major in-
fluence on our broader vision of personal         better intellectual environment for future      strumentation. Key advancements to the
development offerings in chemistry. In            generations, was strong. Perhaps the first      chemistry infrastructure have been enabled
2003, after the untimely death of LPF Di-         formal fund was established in the late         over the years due to this fund. The entire
rector, Max Rey, UZH took over control            1800s as the ‘Merz Legat’. This legacy          chemistry community is deeply indebted to
of the LPF and developed the labs into an         funded the acquisition of much needed           Dr. Legerlotz and his family for their excep-
institute dedicated to the training of post-      research monographs related to chemistry        tional generosity.
doctoral researchers in process chemistry.        for the library.
In this short history, the LPF has trained            Since that seminal act of giving, several
and placed in professional career positions       members of the UZH chemical family and/         Bestowing of Honors in
over 20 postdoctoral chemists. Companies          or their relations have made donation to        Appreciation of Excellence
such as Cilag, Siegfried, Lonza, Fluka            advance chemistry. Notable are the funds
(SAFC), EMS-Dottikon, among others,               administered by the university, such as the         Another area where community support
now benefit from chemists trained at the          Alfred Werner Legat, donated by the fam-        has raised the stature of UZH chemistry,
new LPF.                                          ily of Alfred Werner, and the Betty Sassella    is through funds for awarding of interna-
    As of 2007, UZH has revitalized the ap-       Legat. The Werner Legat has grown into a        tional prizes in recognition of excellence in
prentice program in chemistry through the         substantial and influential fund on campus.     chemistry. At present, the Karrer Stiftung,
appointment of a dedicated ‘Lehrmeister’          The Legat provides research funds for ac-       Siegfried Corporation, and Albert Hofmann
in charge of a fully outfitted ‘Lehrlabor’.       quisition of small research equipment, and      Centennial funds, enable us to award the
The program already has enlisted six young        recognizes accomplishments of our finest        internationally received, Karrer, Siegfried
chemistry apprentices. Together with ETHZ         students through achievement awards. The        and Albert Hofmann Centennial Medals,
and Givaudan, the UZH program becomes             Sassella Legat supports inter-collegial ac-     respectively (Fig. 6).
one of the cornerstone programs for a broad       tivities that enrich scholarly life.                The Foundation for the Paul Karrer Lec-
chemistry apprenticeship with synthetic               In addition, private foundations dedi-      ture was established in 1959 by the compa-
and analytic expert training. The goal is to      cated to specific activities in the various     nies: CIBA AG, J.R. Geigy, F. Hoffmann-La
grow the program to an equilibrium enroll-        chemical institutes, contribute. The Dr.        Roche & Co. AG, Sandoz AG, Société des
ment of close to 20 young chemists (ages          Helmut Legerlotz-Stiftung provides post-        Produits Nestlé AG and Dr. A. Wander AG.
16−20).                                           doctoral stipends to outstanding chemists,      The intention of the donors was to honor con-
    Consideration of the ‘Kinder’ and ‘Se-        pursuing research in Organic chemistry.         tributions to the development of chemistry
nioren’lecture programs and numerous pub-         The Prof. Dr. Hans E. Schmid-Stiftung           made by Paul Karrer. The Foundation invites,
lic lecture series in addition to the normal      was established to aid co-workers of the        either annually or biannually, outstanding re-
curriculum and special programs like the          OCI. In memory of Professor Schmid’s ex-        searchers in the field of chemistry to present a
apprentice study and LPF internships, UZH         emplary leadership and untimely passing,        scientific lecture at the University of Zurich.
strives to provide to the citizens of Canton      this fund now allows international students     Among the recipients are nine Nobel Prize
Zurich personal development opportunities         of exceptional quality to pursue Master’s       winners for chemistry and for medicine, and
for all ages and educational levels. For 175      studies at UZH. As no formal funding            they have represented nearly all important
years, takes pride in being Canton Zurich’s       mechanism exists for MS stipends, these         research institutions of Europe and the USA.
major educational opportunity provider.           funds make a critical difference in the lives   The most recent recipient, 2007, was Profes-
    Appreciation from the faculty students,       of exceptional young scholars.                  sor Steve Ley of Cambridge University. Pro-
and community, for the rich intellectual cli-         In addition to enabling individu-           fessor Ley contributes to this issue with an
mate of the Chemical Institutes, has been         als through stipends, the Legerlotz Stif-       account of his award lecture.
strong over the years. Already back around        tung provides apartments in a so-called             The Siegfried company, in conjunction
the turn of last century, alumni, emeriti         ‘Legerlotzhaus’. These accommodations           with the Institute of Organic Chemistry of

Fig. 6. The Karrer, Siegfried, and Hofmann Centennial Medals
175 Years of Chemistry at the University of Zurich: Tradition, Dedication and Vision
175th ANNIVERSARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH                                                                                                73
                                                                                                                           CHIMIA 2008, 62, No. 3

the University of Zurich and its Laboratory     science. The third annual event of the DCH     Werner was the first president of the Swiss
for Process Research (LPF), established         symposium will be celebrated May 9, 2008       Chemical Society and played a role in the
the Siegfried Medal to recognize outstand-      on the Irchel Campus. This year’s speakers     development of Helvetica Chimica Acta as
ing achievements and original research in       include: Joanne Stubbe (MIT); Judith How-      a Swiss journal of chemistry. Essentially
chemical processes, carried out in academic     ard (Durham); Makiko Sodeoka (Riken);          all key chemists from UZH have over the
and/or industrial laboratories. The award       and Anne Weber (Merck).                        years served the chemical society as presi-
is made biennially and consists of a gold                                                      dent and or as head of the editorial board
medal and an honorarium. The next Sieg-                                                        of Helvetica.
fried Symposium and Medal awarding is                                                              The ‘Stiftung für Stipendien auf dem
scheduled for September 4th, 2008, at the                                                      Gebiete der Chemie’ was founded in 1944
Kongresshaus in Zurich.[2]                                                                     with Paul Karrer as President. This fund
    The Hofmann Centennial celebration                                                         provides fellowships to young research-
was established on the occasion of Albert                                                      ers starting out their career in Switzerland.
Hofmann’s 100th birthday, January 12,                                                          Initially these were habilitation stipend and
2006. In 2006, UZH held a Hofmann sym-                                                         now it has evolved into a six-year assistant
posium with three lectures. Dr. Hofmann, an                                                    professor fellowship.
illustrious and colorful Alumnus of UZH,                                                           Stimulating scientific exchange though
attended the celebration and demonstrated                                                      scholarly meetings provides a special way
his prowess in natural products chemistry                                                      to create a sense of community. On a grand
even at age 100. His many advances to                                                          scale, Karrer served a term as president
medicine through his investigation of natu-                                                    of IUPAC and organizer of the 14th in-
ral product alkaloid chemistry, make him an                                                    ternational congress. A more intimate but
appropriate symbol for a medal recogniz-            Excellence in teaching is as important     extremely influential conference venue is
ing excellence in chemistry related to life     as research. To celebrate Karrer’s contribu-   the Buergenstock conference, which is the
sciences. In 2007, the Hofmann Centennial       tion to teaching organic chemistry and to      brain child of Professor André Dreiding.
Medal was awarded to HRH Princess Chu-          honor great teacher/scholars from around       The 43th Buergenstock conference will
labhorn Mahidol as inaugural recipient, for     the world, the OCI offers a special ‘Karrer-   take place April 12−18, 2008.
her excellence in pursuing Thailand’s natu-     Givaudan Distinguished Visiting Professor          In addition to these selected examples,
ral products for their important medicinal      of Organic Chemistry’. Started in 2005, al-    today’s chemists at UZH sit on the advi-
behavior.                                       ready six great organic chemists have come     sory or directors’ boards of numerous so-
    The first Hofmann Centennial medal          to UZH to teach short special topics in or-    cieties, foundations, and companies. They
was awarded as part of the Dorothy Crow-        ganic chemistry.                               hold key positions as editors of major peer
foot Hodgkin Symposium (Fig. 7), found-                                                        reviewed journals and routinely organize
ed in 2006 by Professor Kim Baldridge as                                                       international meetings for chemistry. Thus,
an international sister event to the Maria      Leadership in the Chemical                     the tradition of leadership in the community
Goeppart-Mayer Symposium, which Pro-            Community                                      lives on.
fessor Baldridge also developed and ran
for 12 years in San Diego, California. Both        Chemists from Zurich were also key
symposia serve to showcase the research/        players in the establishment and leading of    Laboratories and Analytical
scholarly achievements of great women in        key scholarly societies and journals. Alfred   Infrastructure for Molecular
                                                                                               Sciences

                                                                                                   The dedication to state-of-the-art in-
                                                                                               frastructure has enhanced chemical re-
                                                                                               search over the years. Already at the time
                                                                                               of UZH’s founding, the need for laborato-
                                                                                               ries and chemical apparatus/instrumenta-
                                                                                               tion was recognized. In 1909, the Canton
                                                                                               of Zurich built Werner’s chemical labora-
                                                                                               tory, which now houses the Law School and
                                                                                               the renowned Calatrava Law library. In the
                                                                                               1970s, the vision of the Irchel campus took
                                                                                               form, and Chemistry was among the first
                                                                                               institutes constructed. Close to 30 years of
                                                                                               active research later, the laboratories are
                                                                                               well in form and function. Although speci-
                                                                                               fications were set for a time well before the
                                                                                               most modern safety and energy efficient
                                                                                               installations, the labs were still custom de-
                                                                                               signed far ahead of their time.
                                                                                                   Advances in instrumentation play an
                                                                                               enabling role for chemistry, and UZH has
                                                                                               maintained a forefront position in ana-
                                                                                               lytical infrastructure through the develop-
                                                                                               ment and/or acquisition of state-of-the-art
                                                                                               instrumentation. Separations have been
Fig. 7. Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin Symposium founded by Professor Baldridge in 2006              established in science, just as Clusius’ ap-
175 Years of Chemistry at the University of Zurich: Tradition, Dedication and Vision
175th ANNIVERSARY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH                                                                                                         74
                                                                                                                                    CHIMIA 2008, 62, No. 3

paratus for separation of isotopes or numer-     Table 2. Important 2008 events in Chemistry associated with UZH
ous chromatographic methods forwarded            Date           Event                  Location                    URL
mechanistic physical chemistry as well as
natural product and biosynthesis studies.        April 12-18    Bürgenstock            Fürigen, Nidwalden          http://www.stereochemistry-
Some of the first fluorescence and NMR                          Conference                                         buergenstock.ch/
spectral facilities enabled great advances       April 19       Faculty Day for the    Irchel Campus – UZH         http://www.175jahre.uzh.ch/
in structural chemistry. An emphasis on                         Natural Sciences                                   fakultaeten/naturwissenschaft.html
mass spectroscopic technologies permitted        April 20-25    Roald Hoffmann         Irchel Campus - UZH
the study of chemical components, even in                       Lectures
trace quantities.                                May 9          Dorothy Crowfoot       Irchel Campus – UZH         http://www.oci.uzh.ch/diversa/
                                                                Hodgkin Symposium                                  dch/2008/index.html
    All of this infrastructure growth led to
the development of dedicated analytical          May 14-15      CMSZH Graduate         Irchel Campus – UZH         http://www.cmszh.uzh
                                                                Symposium
chemistry research services. Today, NMR,
                                                 May 27         Georg Fràter           Irchel Campus – UZH         http://www.oci.uzh.ch/diversa/
X-ray crystallography, mass spectrometry,                       Symposium                                          Frater/
absorption/fluorescence spectroscopy, au-        June 22-July 5 Zurich School of       Irchel Campus – UZH         http://www.oci.uzh.ch/diversa/
tomation and computation, define a virtual                      Crystallography                                    xtal_school/index.html
Analytical Infrastructure for the Molecular      September 4    Siegfried Symposium    Zurich –Kongresshaus        http://www.oci.uzh.ch/diversa/
Sciences (AIMS). These facilities are main-                                                                        siegfriedsymposium/index.html
tained at the highest research standard, by      September 11   Swiss Chemical         Irchel Campus – UZH         http://www.swiss-chemistry.ch/
principal investigators with independent re-                    Society Fall Meeting                               events
search programs and funding devoted to ad-       Fall 08        Albert Hoffman         Irchel Campus – UZH         http://www.oci.uzh.ch/diversa
vancing the use and methods development                         Medal
of these techniques.                             Fall 08        Paul Karrer            UZH Main Building – Aula http://www.oci.uzh.ch/diversa
    From the early years onward, UZH has                        Medal
invested in chemical research, and associat-
ed infrastructure and instrumentation. The
building of new labs on the Rämistrasse for
Werner in 1909 was a major sign of support       who daily push forward research frontiers          and two others have received special Wer-
from the Canton and the citizenry of Zurich.     for the benefit of Canton Zurich, it is cru-       ner Assistant Professor Fellowships from
These labs were a model construct for their      cial that a timely and technologically sound       the Foundation for Stipends in Chemistry.
time and served in their original function       building development plan be set into prog-        All come from phenomenal backgrounds
until 1978, when the first phase of the Irchel   ress early on.                                     and are currently pursuing cutting edge re-
campus opened with new chemical labs,                                                               search. The dramatic increase in the enroll-
again built with technologies far ahead of                                                          ment beginning students certainly reflects
the times. Special energy saving and safety      Chemical Changes since 2000                        the ability of these young scholars to con-
technologies were implemented, providing                                                            vey the excitement and positive aspects of
truly extraordinary laboratory facilities.           The last decade has witnessed an enor-         chemistry. These young prodigies carry the
    As always, now is the time to plan for       mous change to the chemical faculty at             torch of Chemistry at the University of Zu-
the future. Within 10 years, the expecta-        UZH. Roughly a dozen new professors have           rich, supported by a rich chemical tradition,
tions from the community will be high for        established research/teaching programs             a continuing dedication to research and
university laboratories to be ‘green’, envi-     within this time. Particularly significant is      teaching excellence, and modern vision for
ronmentally sound, and equipped with in-         the formal recruitment of Assistant Profes-        the evolution of the molecular sciences.
frastructure based on sustainable technolo-      sors as a commitment to the development
gies. Such developments are possible, and        of new talent. Such new faces add a vitality
would again place UZH at the forefront in        and youthfulness to the program that well          [1]     H. Fischer, Chimia 1991, 45, 77−80.
academic infrastructure for the natural sci-     rounds out the more senior programs. These         [2]     http:/www.oci.unizh.ch/diversa/
                                                                                                            siegfriedsymposiumindex.shtml or
ences. Given the literally billions of Swiss     young scientists represent the best, chosen                www.siegfried.ch
francs invested in highly sensitive research     from a highly competitive international            [3]     http:/www.oci.unizh.ch/diversa/dch/2008
equipment as well as the lives and safety of     pool of candidates. At the current time, two
the thousands of students and co-workers         have been awarded SNF professorships,
175 Years of Chemistry at the University of Zurich: Tradition, Dedication and Vision 175 Years of Chemistry at the University of Zurich: Tradition, Dedication and Vision
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