Women's History - National Women's History Alliance
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
Women’s History
NATIONAL WOMEN’S HISTORY ALLIANCE I 2021
Extending the Women’s Suffrage Centennial through 2021
What’s Happening Statues & Memorials Equality Day Resolution
Black Suffragists 2021 Honorees Women’s History Forum
Women’s History Resource Catalog Inside
2 WOMEN’S HISTORY
SUSAN WARE
A Timely & Compelling History
I MARCHED in my first feminist
demonstration on the historically
significant date of August 26, 1970 –
the fiftieth anniversary of the passage of
the Nineteenth Amendment – as a col-
“Why haven’t I heard
this history before?” was
a refrain I encountered
movement is an important part of that
story.
Even without the disruptions caused
by the pandemic, extending the com-
memoration of the centennial of the
lege student newly awakened to the time and again. Nineteenth Amendment into 2021 and
powerful ideas of modern feminism and beyond makes sense. The questions and
the excitement of women’s history. Suf- lessons this history raises don’t have an
ham Clinton at the White House also
frage has been part of my life ever since. expiration date. They remain timely and
created a political climate where ques-
Probably earlier than most, I fixed my compelling. I very much look forward
tions of feminism, women’s political
to joining with the National Women’s
activism, and voting rights were very
History Alliance to keep this conversa-
much front and center. It was not hard to
tion going.
get audiences to draw parallels between
the suffrage struggle and contemporary Susan Ware is the Honorary Women’s Suf-
movements for social change. frage Centennial Historian at Radcliffe’s
Schlesinger Library. She is the editor of the
An Ongoing Struggle Library of America anthology American
Women’s Suffrage: Voices from the Long
As a historian I was privileged to be part Struggle for the Vote, 1776-1965 (2020).
of many of these events. During my time
on the suffrage hustings, I was able to
Suffragists march in Washington D.C. on
share with audiences the powerful stories WOMEN’S HISTORY
March 3, 1913.
of those women – and men – who were March 2021 Number 1
part of the long fight to win the right to
Published by the National
eye on the upcoming centennial in 2020, vote. “Why haven’t I heard this history Women’s History Alliance
hoping to be part of a larger national before?” was a refrain I encountered © 2021 NWHA
conversation about questions of citizen- time and again. All rights reserved.
Reprint inquiries welcome.
ship, gender, and voting. Things didn’t
work out quite as I had expected. Editors: Molly Murphy MacGregor,
Robert P. J. Cooney, Jr.
Design & Production: Vicki Dougan/Sales
Feminism Front and Center Promotion, Robert Cooney Graphic Design
Thank you to all our national contributors,
First, the election of Donald Trump in writers, artists and photographers.
2016 robbed feminists of the chance to
celebrate the centennial of the Nine- National Women’s History Alliance
730 Second Street #469
teenth Amendment with our first woman Santa Rosa, CA 95402
president. Then the planning suffered a (707) 636-2888
second blow when the global pandemic https://nationalwomenshistoryalliance.org
caused by COVID-19 upended so many nwhp1980@gmail.com
of the activities planned to mark the The Women’s March in Washington D.C.
Individual copies $2.50 Multiple copies can
event. Nevertheless, we persisted. on January 21, 2017.
be ordered for $15 for 10 copies plus ship-
Around the country there was a robust ping through the NWHA online store:
agenda of virtual events, symposia, and I was also able to point out how in- www.nwha1980.org.
commemoration that allowed the public complete the legacy of the Nineteenth
at large to engage in the vital historical Amendment was, especially for African Cover photograph: STAND, A monument
American women and other women of celebrating the 100th anniversary of the
questions raised by the long suffrage passage of the 19th Amendment
struggle and make connections to our color, an equally important takeaway Artist: © Barbara Grygutis 2020
contemporary political landscape. point. I would always conclude my talks Computer render by Katie McCann
Ironically the very election of Donald by pointing out that feminism is an on- Commissioned by Breaking the Bronze
Trump that deprived us of the chance to going struggle and it will always be nec- Ceiling, Lexington, Kentucky
celebrate with President Hillary Rod- essary. And the women’s suffrage
WOMEN’S HISTORY 3
Celebrating Women’s History
Throughout 2021
2021 is a year full of hope and promise that offers us an
extended opportunity to celebrate what women accom-
plished one hundred years ago and ever since. When the
pandemic hit in March 2020, many plans for celebrating
the women’s suffrage centennial - exhibits, performances
and events of every kind - had to be cancelled, often after
years of preparation. Now, to make up for lost time, many
groups have extended suffrage celebrations through 2021.
A Year to be Proud of
2020 was a very difficult year and yet a year to be proud Image courtesy of Bria Goeller and WTF America-Good Trubble.
of. Despite the impact of the pandemic, Americans Vice-President Kamala Harris walking with the
shadow of Ruby Bridges, who integrated a New
throughout the country paid tribute to the dedicated suffra- Orleans elementary school in 1960.
gists who won Votes for Women 100 years ago. By the
end of the year, there had not only been thousands of both
CONTENTS
live and virtual centennial events but also the election of
the first woman as Vice-President of the United States. A Timely and Compelling
Women’s history, a central part of American history, was History, Susan Ware 2
written before our eyes. Plan a Parade 4
Throughout the year, the National Women’s History
Alliance played an important role. We supported the Rose 2021 Highlights 5
Parade centennial float, serving as fiscal sponsor for that Women’s Equality Week 10
and for the Women’s Vote Centennial Initiative. We con- 2021 Valiant Women of
vened a National Networking Conference in January and the Vote Honorees 12
published “Women Win the Vote,” our third gazette aimed
at building interest in the centennial. NWHA 2021 Partners 15
Women Who Refused
Heralding Women’s Achievements to be Silenced 17
The Alliance also created lists of state groups, catalogs of WOMENS HISTORY FORUM
centennial merchandise and updates on events throughout
The Fruits of Our
the country. These efforts supported established and new
Democracy, Krysta Jones 19
groups, artists and many other individuals and helped keep
the suffrage centennial visible in a difficult time. The Challenge of Telling
Now we plan a year heralding women’s achievements Complex History,
today as well as 100 years ago. This year's theme, Valiant Robert P. J. Cooney, Jr. 20
Women of the Vote - Refusing to Be Silenced, emphasizes The Shaming Must Stop,
the resilience of multicultural women working for the vote Myriam Miedzian 21
both in the suffrage movement and later. Women’s largely Black Women Marched in
unheralded accomplishments are what the NWHA has cel- The 1913 Parade,
ebrated for 40 years. Martha S. Jones 23
Women’s history is something happening today, a cur-
rent and ongoing source of inspiration and power. It is an
Statues and Memorials 24
overlooked part of our national history that has a chance to
come forward now and shine as never before. Women’s History Resources
Catalog 27
4 WOMEN’S HISTORY
MAKE WOMEN’S LIVES VISIBLE IN 2021
Plan or Join a Parade
The Women’s Suffrage Centennial Float in the Pasadena Rose Parade, January 1, 2020
I
F WE ARE LUCKY ENOUGH millions watched the Rose dressed in white in rows of theme of hope.
to have 4th of July Parade on January 1, 2020, ten. Alice Paul organized a
Parades in 2021, please as the float that launched the On the float were the parade for suffrage through
join one and bring the spirit Centennial celebration of descendants of suffragists Washington D.C. on March
of the suffrage movement to a women in the United States including Elizabeth Cady 3, 1913, one day before the
larger crowd. If not the 4th of winning the right to vote Stanton, Ida B. Wells and inauguration of President
July then on August 26th came into view. The crowds Frederick Douglass. The Woodrow Wilson. The
have your own hometown cheered as Years of Hope, magnificent, flower covered parade hosted 8,000 partici-
parade in honor of the 101st Years of Courage – the float was over 50 feet long pants, nine marching bands,
20 floats, and a
anniversary of women 1913 Suffrage Parade, Washington, D.C.
performance in
in the United States
front of the
winning the vote. Once Treasury Building.
it is safe, let’s bring This Sonoma
the celebratory spirit County, California,
of women’s history to parade (left) on
our communities by March 10, 1979.
decorating cars and dressing Women’s Suffrage and featured a 20-foot tall helped launch what would
as suffragist or other women Centennial Rose Parade Float Statue of Liberty covered in become the National
in history. Maybe the local – began the 5½ mile route. eucalyptus leaves. Women’s History Project/
high school marching band Right behind the float was The vibrant, colorful float Alliance. It was a county-
would like to participate. a contingent of 100 won the Theme Award for wide event which included a
Throughout the world, contemporary suffragist all best representing the parade’s local junior high school band.
WOMEN’S HISTORY 5
Members of Long Beach Suffrage 100 launched their centennial effort on August 24, 2019, under artist Dina Saadi's vibrant mural that
reflects both the boldness and serious purpose that marked centennial celebrations throughout the country. Photo by Jose Cordon.
2021 HIGHIGHTS
An Extended Celebration of Votes for Women
Free Women’s Suffrage
Centennial Resources
The National Women’s History
W E ARE EXCITED to
have an additional
year to celebrate
the Women’s Suffrage
celebrations. The record set-
ting parachute jump attempt
is now set for Fall 2021
(brokenrecords.world). The
Alliance published “Women Centennial, which features Centennial Motorcycle Ride
Win the Vote” in 2020 as well many events and celebrations to Washington D.C. has also
as several updates and catalogs that had to be postponed last been rescheduled for July 31-
to prepare for and popularize year. While there were August 20, 2021
the women’s suffrage centenni- wonderful live events that did (centennialride.com).
al. Each publication is full of happen in 2020, including the A number of ambitious
news, articles, links to resources
Rose Parade Float and the suffrage-related efforts are
and more, and is available on
our homepage under the tab Central Park statue unveiling, still in the works, including
Centennial Events (national many plans and projects had the television series based on
womenshistoryalliance.org). to be cancelled or delayed. Elaine Weiss’ book, “The
The list of groups organized for Many have now been Project 19 Skydivers. Woman’s Hour,” lighting up
the centennial in each state is in rescheduled but check ahead Mt. Rushmore with women’s
the Centennial Update, August- to confirm. record. With colorful flags images (lookuptoher.com),
16-22 pdf and in the Gift Idea Women skydivers still and flares, Project 19 jumpers and Shaina Taub’s Broadway
Catalog. plan to jump for a Guiness were a dramatic presence at musical, The Suffragists.
several centennial However, once discovered.
6 WOMEN’S HISTORY
women’s history isn’t going Rights Amendment and ideas place historical markers out- and the Right to Vote” on
away, so there should be are aready being discussed. side suffrage sites, shares their 2021 calendar. In
plenty of time for these Here are a few examples women’s history on social Michigan, the Greater Grand
creations as well as many and highlights of plans for the media, and has big plans for Rapids Women’s History
others. year, particularly from many the year. Council (ggrwhc.org) offers a
There were centennial state suffrage centennial The Maryland Women’s fine Digital History Exhibit
exhibits, often multiple ones, groups. Each of the websites Heritage Center in Baltimore on suffrage in the state and a
in nearly every state and most referenced offers a wealth of has a new home (mdwomens new “Women Who Ran”
went online as much as resources, attractions, links heritagecenter.org) as well as electoral history of 47 women
possible. You can still view and new information; many a vibrant website with down- who ran for public office in
many. Museums, libraries, have short films, slide shows, loadable panels celebrating Grand Rapids between 1887
“Valiant Maryland Women,” and 1920.
a traveling suffrage exhibit Arkansas Heritage
and more. The Center opened (arkansasheritage.com) is
the year with a panel on “The featuring their series “Sand-
Next 100 Years: Continuing wiching in History,” virtual
the Work of Our Maryland noon-time tours of significant
Foremothers.” There’s also a state sites, and a series of
“Suffrage in Sixty Seconds”
radio spots. Florida’s Cen-
tennial Commission’s website
offers “Suffrage Tea Time,”
a virtual monthly series of
informative interviews,
lectures, and discussions
(floridasuffrage100.org).
North Carolina
(ncder.gov) has an education-
al online interactive exhibit,
Unveiling a new display panel “She Changed the World:
on activists in Massachusetts. North Carolina Women
Breaking Barriers,” and other
new Maryland Museum of suffrage resources. The Mu-
Women’s History in Centre- seum of the American Revo-
“Fight for the Right: 100 Years of Women Voting” Exhibit at
the Museum of California in Sacramento.
ville whose first exhibit was lution (amrevmuseum.org)
“Enslavement to Emancipa- in Philadelphia is having a
videos, calendars and news- tion: Voices Not Heard,” virtual exhibit to April 25,
historical societies and state
letters to keep you informed. (marylandmuseumofwomens 2021, “When Women Lost
government all paid tribute to
They are all worth exploring. history.org). the Vote: A Revolutionary
women’s achievement. Since
See the Free Centennial Re- Tennessee’s group Story, 1776-1807.”
the suffrage movement was
sources box (page 5) for a list (tnwoman100) has an ongo- In Iowa, there are plans
based in the states, this fresh
of state centennial sites. ing Commemoration at the for an original musical, The
attention uncovered new
Parthenon and the exhibit Suffragist, July 16-18 in Ce-
information, forgotten local
“Ratified! Tennessee Women dar Falls, postponed from last
leaders, and a largely Celebrations in
unknown part of our national the States
history.
Recoginizing the Centennial activists in
centennial in 2021 as well as Massachusetts (suffrage
2020 increases our chances of 100MA.org) just launched
engaging the public and pays their “1000 Classrooms Initi-
fitting tribute to these women ative” to identify teachers
and what they accomplished. who will screen and discuss
Events and celebrations of their new educational film,
women’s political involve- The Fight for Women’s Suf-
ment will continue through frage: Looking Back, March-
this year and beyond. 2023 is ing Forward, which high-
the centennial of the intro- lights overlooked women of
duction of the Equal color. The group maintains a Women’s basketball coaches and players on teams at several
fine website, continues to Iowa universities commemorated the 19th Amendment.
WOMEN’S HISTORY 7
(womenvote100.org). A
Legacy video, Reflecting on
the Suffrage Centennial, and
an Agency Report highlight
creative projects throughout
the country.
The National Park Service
(nps.gov/subjects/womenshist
ory/19th-amendment) has a
series of very informative
suffrage articles by scholars
plus the collection of essays
from the Centennial Commis-
sion, “On Their Shoulders:
Vision2020 celebrated the centennial with a SHE Leads Road Rally, a motorcade from The Radical Stories of Wom-
Philadelphia to Seneca Falls and back in October. en’s Fight for the Vote.” The
National Portrait Gallery also
year (suffragistmusical.com). fragists, free panel exhibits, offers a set of ten download-
Iowa’s 19th Amendment collages and more. able “A Portrait of Persis-
Centennial group, whose Rhode Island tence” thematic posters with
motto is “Hard Won, Not (shallnotbedenied.org) is an exhibition handbook and
Done,” had to suspend in- helping Girl Scouts earn a user guide, (sites.si.edu/s
person events, but online, 19th Amendment Centennial /topic/0TO1Q000000cZgKW
they offer a fascinating varie- Patch through July and is also AU/votes-for-women-a-
ty of learning resources in- hosting an Archiving portrait-of-persistence).
cluding a curriculum de- There’s also “Suffrage at 100:
signed for Grades 9-12 based Girl Scouts in Elk River, Min- A Visual History” from the
on Iowa Social Studies nesota, received the mayor’s New York Times
Standards. They also have centennial Women’s Equality (www.nytimes.com/interactiv
two suffrage wagon replicas Day proclamation in August. e/2020).
they loan out, The League of Women
(19thamendment- Thinking Nationally Voters (lwv.org), which grew
centennial.org). directly out of the suffrage
The national grassroots or-
Profiles and ganization, 2020 Women’s
New Curriculum Vote Centennial Initiative
(2020Centennial.org), will
Utah’s accomplished centen- Workshop. The website has continue to offer its expan-
nial group “Better Days great links, a timeline and sive website and calendar of
2020” (betterdays2020.com) other educational materials. events. Also, check Vision
has developed suffrage cur- Kentucky (Kentucky 2020 (drexel.edu/vsion2020)
womansuffrageproject.org) movement, is one consistent
riculum for elementary and the National Women’s
offers profiles of state suffra- contact in every state. Over
schools tied to the Utah Core History Alliance for events,
gists, videos, teaching re- 700 chapters stay active as
information and support.
sources, a Student Activity reliable sources for news and
Many national and gov-
book and more. An inspired events. One new effort to
ernmental organizations offer
site for educators teaching involve young women is The
special suffrage resources,
engaged civics is What Is a Voter Girl Project.
like the Library of Congress,
Vote Worth? The Alice Paul Institute in
the Schlesinger Library, and
(whatisavoteworth.org). New Jersey (alicepaul.org),
the National Organization for
The wealth of new re- which has just added a series
Women, which has a poster
State Standards. They also sources is astonishing. New of educational videos on its
set of 100 voting rights activ-
offer an impressive educa- research and original source Youtube channel, has agreed
ists (now.org/sisters-of-
tional site (UtahWomens His- material will be indispensible to officially preserve the leg-
suffrage).
tory.org). in writing the full story of the acy of the historic National
The federally funded
The Washington state national drive for Votes for Woman’s Party, co-founded
Women’s Suffrage Centenni-
group (Suffrage100WA) now Women and the importance by Alice Paul. The API has
al Commission ceased opera-
offers 57 biographical of suffragists in each state. received the right to use the
tion in December but left a
sketches of Washington suf- NWP name for future pro-
record of events along with
grams, some possibly in
an archived website
8 WOMEN’S HISTORY
grams, some possibly in Elaine Weiss and Hillary
Washington D.C. The Clinton, on youtube.com.
Library of Congress and the The Suffragists, a musical
National Park Service already by Shaina Taub, is discussed
received NWP collections. and two songs are performed
in a NY Times special on
New Films on youtube.com.
The Battle for the Ballot,
Women’s Suffrage
composer Stacy Garrop’s 16-
Several states, like Tennes- minute symphonic work fea-
see, produced their own cen- tures quotes from American
tennial films or worked with suffragists plus an interview,
local filmmakers to create cabrillomusic.org/2020-
The White House was lit up in suffrage colors for Equality Day. season.
programs like the Iowa PBS
film, Carrie Chapman Catt: A Suffrage Centennial
Finding Justice: The Un- “Unceasing Militant: The Playlist of 90 rousing songs
Warrior for Women.
told Story of Women’s Fight Life of Mary Church Terrell,” assembled by Joyce Rouse,
for the Vote is a 19-minute a new biography by Alison earthmama.org/her-story.
documentary just produced M. Parker, American Journalism’s
by the Justice Bell Founda- “An Unfinished Revolu- Suffrage and the Media
tion in Pennsylvania. They tion: Edna Buckman Kearns website offers links to books,
also funded a Justice Bell and the Struggle for Wom- articles, film clips, interviews
replica as a public art project en’s Rights,” a finely-tuned and much more, suffrageand
(justicebell.org). and delightful family memoir, themedia.org
The 19th Amendment: A with photographs, by grand- She Resisted: Strategies of
Woman’s Right to Vote is the daughter and long-time Suffrage, an interactive presen-
Annenberg Center’s award- activist Marguerite Kearns. tation with great visuals, relat-
winning video (Annenberg ed to The Vote PBS Special,
publicpolicycenter.org). www.pbs.org/wgbh/american
experience/features/vote-she-
Recent & resisted.
UNLADYLIKE2020 has
Upcoming Books
films profiling diverse and
Without a Whisper — little-known American
Konnon:Kwe is a new docu- Look for new books through-
women from the early 20th
mentary film by Katsitsionni out the year, including these
century and today who follow
Fox on how Indigenous recent and upcoming titles:
in their footsteps. Visit their
women influenced early suf- “A Vote for Women,” a beau-
resource-rich website,
fragists in their fight for free- tifully illustrated coffee table
unladylike2020.com.
dom and equality, featuring book produced by St. James
The Crisis: A Record of
Mohawk Bear Clan Mother House in London with the
Darker Races, founded by
Louise Herne and professor Women Vote Centennial Ini-
W.E.B. DuBois in 1910,
Sally Roesch Wagner tiative,
was the magazine of the
(withoutawhisperfilm.com). “One Woman, One Vote,”
New York suffragist and jour- newly-formed NAACP, now
Into Light is a dramatic an expanded second edition nalist Edna Buckman Kearns. digitized – go to the source,
13-minute film, now stream- with incisive essays by a mul-
www.modjourn.org
ing on Amazon Prime, featur- titude of scholars, New state books include Women and Social
ing a powerful portrayal by “We Demand: The Suf- “Pioneering the Vote: The Movements has generated
Amy Walker of suffragist frage Road Trip,” Anne Gass’ Untold Story of Suffragists hundreds of profiles and
Inez Milholland’s last speech fictionalized version of Sara in Utah and the West” by writings of both White and
in Los Angeles (intolight Bard Field’s cross-country Neylan McBaine and “A Black suffragists at docu-
official.com). Los Angeles- journey as seen by the unher- Simple Justice: Kentucky ments.alexanderstreet.com/
based Wild West Women, alded Swedish women who Women Fight for the Vote” VOTESforWOMEN
who made the inspiring doc- drove her, by Melanie Beals Goan. WEAR Organization
umentary, Inez Milholland ~ “Bohemians West: Free
works to increase recognition
Forward into Light, continues Love, Family, and Radicals in A Few Favorites of women’s history in middle
to present films and lead dis- Twentieth Century America,”
and high schools in Fairfax
cussions about historical Sherry L. Smith’s portrait of Women’s Fight for the Vote County, Virginia
women (wildwest western suffragist Sara Bard Centennial talk with author (w-e-a-r.org).
women.org). Field and poet CES Wood,
WOMEN’S HISTORY 9
In hats and suits, resolute members of the Men’s League for Woman Suffrage march up Fifth Avenue during the May 2, 1913 suffrage parade in New York City.
Learn about the inspiring example of men Named one of the "Five Best Books" on the
backing women and working together for jus- Subject by The Wall Street Journal
tice and equal rights. This is a story men of eve-
Readers’ responses to “Winning the Vote”
ry age should know and take pride in. Under- from Amazon reviews (5 out of 5 stars)
stand how the bold actions that women took “A must have” • “A pleasure to read and hard to put down”
to win the vote were supported by many brave “Outstanding and unparalleled” • “A really fine volume”
and farsighted men despite intense pressure “An excellent resource for our home library” • “A visual feast”
from other men. “A volume to be treasured” • “In a class by itself”
Winning the Vote features hundreds of photographs, illustrations and editorial cartoons from the time.
Winning the Vote
The Triumph of the American Woman Suffrage Movement
by Robert P. J. Cooney, Jr.
Reviews and more at www.AmericanGraphicPress.com Order from the nwha1980.org NWHA STORE
10 WOMEN’S HISTORY
Women’s Equality Week
On August 18, 1920, the Votes for Women Amendment was ratified by the state of Tennessee, the last state
needed for ratification. Certified on August 26, 1920, it became the 19th Amendment to the Constitution.
In 1973 Congress recognized the important historic event by designating August 26th as “Women’s Equality
Day.” In 2021, we want to expand Women’s Equality Day to Women’s Equality Week from the day of ratifica-
tion day - August 18th to the day of certification day - August 26, culminating the week by having Women’s
Equality Day, August 26th recognized as a national holiday. Please join us.
It’s Time to Update the National Calendar
This is a Call to Action to recognize Equality Day, civic and nonprofit bodies, city and county boards and
August 26, as a national holiday. state legislatures to celebrate Women’s Equality Day an-
We are entering a new chapter in American history, 100 nually and to officially adopt this Resolution to make it
years after passage of the 19th Amendment, and the Na- a national holiday that honors American women.
tional Women’s History Alliance wants to make sure that
multicultural women have a prominent place on the new Women’s Equality Day
national calendar.
As we reevaluate the values and institutions we hold Program Kit
dear, rejecting racism and white male supremacy, we need #0534 $45.95
to create new holidays and ways to promote the society we #0545 $55.95 (wih DVD)
want to see flourish. The contributions of those who have All items are
been excluded can now be included and honored. available
individually
Therefore, we call on individuals and collective bodies
in our webstore
throughout the country to pass this Resolution to make nwha1980.org
August 26 a national holiday.
The first step for a significant date to become a
national holiday is for people to observe it themselves,
every year, regardless of official sanction.
The NWHA calls on individuals, businesses, civic and
nonprofit bodies, city and county boards and state legisla-
tures to celebrate Women’s Equality Day annually and to
officially adopt this Resolution to make it a national holi-
day that honors American women. Our goal for Women’s
Equality Day to become a widely observed, festive multi-
cultural holiday with lasting historical importance.
We will have downloadable version of the Celebrate
Women’s Equality Day as a National Holiday Petition on
our website. The NWHA calls on individuals, businesses,WOMEN’S HISTORY 11
Proposing August 26
as a National Holiday
Downloadable Petition available at nwha1980.org
To measure the success of this effort, please email
the names and locations of organizations, business-
es, nonprofits or legislative bodies who have officially
adopted this Resolution to nwhp1980.@gmail.com
We will acknowledge them on our website.
WHEREAS, there is no national holiday that
recognizes women and their many contributions
to American life.
WHEREAS, the women of the United States
have historically been treated as second-class
citizens and have often been denied the full
rights and privileges, public or private, legal or
institutional, which are available to male citi-
zens of the United States; and
WHEREAS, the women of the United States
have united to assure that these rights and privi-
leges are available to ALL citizens equally, and
WHEREAS, the women of the United States
have designated August 26, the anniversary date
ERA Update
of the certification of the Nineteenth Amend-
The Equal Rights Amend-
ment, which culminated a 72-year, non-violent
ment is a proposed amend-
campaign to extend the right to vote to women,
ment to the United States
as a symbol of the continued fight for equal
Constitution designed to
rights: and
guarantee equal legal rights
WHEREAS, the women of the United States for all American citizens regardless of sex. It seeks
are to be commended and supported in their to end the legal distinctions between men and
organizations and activities, women in terms of divorce, property, employment,
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that and other matters.
Women’s Equality Day commemorating that day Three-State Strategy: Bills to remove the time
in 1920, on which the women of America won limit of seven years that had been imposed on the
their right to vote will be recognized and cel- ERA’s ratification process and declare it complete
ebrated as an opportunity to continue to work for when three-fourths (38) of the states ratify, thereby
equal rights for ALL citizens. retaining the existing 35 state ratifications as viable.
Legislation is pending in Congress to remove any
National Women’s History Alliance time limit on the ERA ratification For more infor-
730 Second Street #469
mation contact www.equalrightsamendment.org.
Santa Rosa, CA 95402
(707) 636-2888 “Equality of rights under the law shall not be
nwhp1980@gmail.com denied or abridged by the United States or by any
nwha1980.org state on account of sex.”WOMEN’S HISTORY 10
Valiant Women of the Vote 2021 Honorees
12 WOMEN’S HISTORY
Valiant Women of the Vote 2021 Honorees
A
VICTORY as important as
women winning the right to
vote deserves an extended
celebration. That’s why the National
Women’s History Alliance is leading
the drive to celebrate women’s historic
achievements throughout 2021.
In recognition of the ongoing cel-
ebrations of the centennial of the 19th
Amendment, we are honoring women
Lucy Burns
Lucy Burns
Carrie Chapman
Carrie Chapman Catt
Wilhelmina
Wilhelmina
from the original suffrage movement as
1879 – 1966
1879 – 1966 Catt–1947
1859 Kekelaokalaninui
Kekelaokalaninui
well as 20th and 21st century women Lucy Burns Carrie Chapman Catt Wilhelmina
American
American Woman WomanSuf- 1859 –1947
American Woman Suf- Widemann
Widemann Dowsett
who have continued the struggle (fight- 1879 – 1966 1859 –1947 Kekelaokalaninui
frage Activist
Suffrage Activist frage Activist
American WomanSuf- Dowsett
1861 - 19291861 - 1929
ing against poll taxes, literacy tests, American Woman Suf- American Woman Widemann Dowsett
Lucy Burns was an Carrie
SuffrageChapman
Activist Catt Founder
Founder ofofthe
theNa-Na-
voter roll purges, and other more con- Lucy Activist
frage Burns was an frage Activist 1861 - 1929
American suffragist was an activist from tional
tional Women’s
Women’s Equal
Equal
temporary forms of voter suppression) Lucy Burnssuffragist
American
and women’s
was an
rights
CarrieChapman
Carrie ChapmanCatt
Iowa who advocated
Catt Founder of the Na-
Suffrage Association of
American
and women’s suffragist
rights was
was an
an activist
activist from
from Suffrage Association
tional Women’s Equal
to ensure voting rights for all advocate. Burns left for suffrage during the Hawai’i
and women’s rightsleft
advocate. Iowa
Iowawhowho advocated
advocated Suffrage
of Hawai’i Association of
The National Women’s History Alli- her studies Burns
at Vassar second generation of Wilhelmina Kekelao-
Some names have dates, others advocate. Burns left for suffrage during the Hawai’i
Wilhelmina Kekelao-
ance is determined that the important her studies
College to join at Vassar
the for suffrageCatt
suffragists. during
was the kalaninui Widemann
her studies at Vassar second generation of Wilhelmina Kekelao-
have
rolesnone
Some names sohave
I eliminated
of multicultural dates, the and
others
suffragists British suffrage
College
College totojoin
jointhethe trained
secondingeneration
suffragists.
political of
Catt was kalaninui
Dowsett wasWidemann
kalaninui Widemann
a fierce
months andsodays on those that had movement
British as a mem-
suffrage move- activism under
suffragists. Susan
Catt was advocate
Dowsett for
was thea en-
fierce
have none
voting rights I eliminated
activists the
continue to be British suffrage trained in political Dowsett was a fierce
ber of the Women’s B. Anthony and played franchisement
advocate for of all
the
them for
recognized
months consistency.
and anddayshonored. Also
on those edited
Wethat
refuse to
had ment as a as
movement member
a mem-of activism under Susanac-
trained in political advocate for the en-
Social and Political a pivotal role in help- women. After the
ber
the of the Women’s
Women’s tivism
B. under
Anthony andSusan
playedB. enfranchisement
franchisement of allof
allow
some their
bios voices
are to
short be silenced,
and
them for consistency. Also edited some even
very Union (WSPU).Social Dur- ing women gain the forced annexation of
Social
and and Political
Political Union aAnthony
pivotal role
and inplayed
help- a women.
all women. AfterAfter
the the
by aso
long pandemic.
those Sincesome
we were unableasto ing her time oversees, vote. In 1900, Catt Hawai’i, suffragists
some bios areneedshort and editing
some very Union (WSPU). Dur- ing women gain the forced
forced annexation of of
recognize last year’s 2020 Honorees, we (WSPU). During
Burns perfected herher pivotal
succeeded role in helping
Susan B. from theannexation
mainland saw
shown,
long so but
those notneed
done. someAnd an In-as
editing ing her time oversees, vote. In 1900, Catt Hawai’i, suffragists
are honoring them in 2021. time oversees,
suffrage Burns
protest tactics. women gain
Anthony the vote.
as President Hawai’i,
an opportunitysuf-fragists
for the
Burns perfected her succeeded Susan B. from the mainland saw
troduction
shown, buthere.
not done. And an In- Burns returned
perfected to
her suffrage of
In the National
1900, Catt Ameri-
succeed- from
newly the mainland
acquired United
suffrage protest tactics. Anthony as President an opportunity for the
the U.S.
protest to continue can
ed Woman
Susan B.Suffrage
Anthony States
saw an territory to grant
opportunity
troduction here. Burnstactics.
returned to of the National Ameri- newly acquired United
the fight for women’s Association women the
for theterritory
newlyrightacquired
to
AN INTRODUCTION to the Honorees the Burns
U.S. to returned
continue to as President
can of the
Woman Suffrage States to grant
suffrage. Upon her (NAWSA). vote.
for 2020
AN and 2021, explanation,
INTRODUCTION etc.
to the Honorees
the
the fight
U.S. for
to women’s
continue
return she joined the National
Association American
Catt worked tire-
United
women States
the rightterritory
In 1899, members
to
suffrage. Upon her (NAWSA).
Woman vote.
to grant women the
This is mockup copy. In 1899,
for 2020 and 2021, explanation, etc. members the fight Women’s
National for women’s lessly on Suffrage
a nationalAs- of the National Ameri-
return she joined the Catt worked
sociation tire-
(NAWSA). In 1899,
right to vote. members
of theisNational suffrage. Upon her
Suffrage Association level to support suf- can Woman Suffrage
This mockup American Woman
copy. In 1899, Suf-
members National Women’s lessly on a national of the National Ameri-
In 1899,(NAWSA)mebers of
(NAWSA)
return she before
joined
Suffrage Association the Catt
frage. worked
Catt workedtire-
level to support suf-
Association
frage Association (NAWSA)
of the National American Woman Suf-wrote the with
can Woman Suffrage
forming the
National
(NAWSA)
more mili-
Women’s
before lesslypoliticians
frage. on aworked
Catt
at the
national wrote
the the “Hawaiian
National
Association (NAWSA) American
“Hawaiian
frage Appeal”,
Association asking wrote the
(NAWSA) tant, Congressional state and national level Appeal”,
Woman asking Con-
Suffrage As-
Valiant Women of the Vote
CongressAppeal”,
“Hawaiian to give Hawaiian
asking women the
Suffragethe
forming
(NAWSA)
tant,
Association
Union for Woman
more mili-
before
Congressional
level to
frage.and
state
sup-port
with politicians at the
including, Woodrow
Catt worked
national
suf-
level
wrote the “Hawaiian
gress to give
sociationasking
Appeal”,
Hawaiian
(NAWSA) Con-
Suffrage with fellow Wilson who did not women the right to
Refusing to Be Silenced Luncheon
right
Congress to give Hawaiianfounded
to vote. Later, Dowsett womenthe the Union
forming fortheWomanmore
suffragist Alice Paul.
Suffrage
including,
with Woodrow
politicians
support Women’s Suf- at wrote
gress tothe
give “Hawaiian
Hawaiian
vote. Later, Dowsett
National Women’s Equal Suffrage
right to vote. Later, Dowsett founded theAsso- militant,with fellow
Congressio- Wilson
the state
frage.
who did
Cattand
wasna-
not
a re-
women
Appeal”,
founded
theasking
right toCon-
the National
ciation Hawai’i
ofWomen’s (WESAH) and our
led the suffragist Alice Paul. support Women’s
tional level Suf-
including, vote.
gress Later,
to giveDowsett
Hawai-
National
On Saturday, Equal21,
August Suffrage
2021 Asso-
2021 nal Union for Woman lentless lobbyist and Women’s Equal Suf-
frage. Catt was a re- founded the National
efforts
ciation to
Honoree enfranchise
of Hawai’i
luncheon the
(WESAH)women of
and led
will be held her
the
at the Suffrage with fellow Woodrow
by Wilson
1918, Wilson was ian women
frage Associationthe right
of to
lentless lobbyist and Women’s Equal Suf-
in
whosupport
did
suffragist Alice Paul. by 1918, Wilson was of
not suffrage
support Hawai’i
vote. (WESAH)
Later, Dowsett
island.
Hamilton
efforts Restaurant
to enfranchise thelocated
women at of600
her frage Association of
which
Women’s led to the pass-
Suffrage. and led thethe
founded efforts to
National
14th St NW,
In 1899,
island. Washington,
members DC 20005.
of the National in support of suffrage Hawai’i (WESAH)
ing of the 19th amend- enfranchise the women
Catt was
which a relent-less
led to the pass- Women’s
and led the Equal
efforts Suf-
to
In All
American 2021
1899, Honorees
Woman
members willNational
Suffrage
of the be acknowl-
Association ment in 1920.
ing of the and
lobbyist 19thby amend-
1918,
of her island.
frage Association
enfranchise the women of
edged
(NAWSA)Womanwith a video
wrote the presentation.
“Hawaiian Appeal”,
American Suffrage Association ment
Wilsonin 1920.
was in support of her island.
Hawai’i (WE-SAH)
Terry Ao Minnis, Eleanor Holmes
(NAWSA) wrote the “Hawaiian Appeal”, of suffrage which led and led the efforts
Norton, Maria Teresa Kumar, and Edith
Mayonwill receive the Valiant Women to the passing of the to enfranchise the
of the Vote Award. 19th amend-ment in women of her island.
We hope that our Honorees will 1920.
speak for 5 to 10 minutes.WOMEN’S HISTORY 10
WOMEN’S HISTORY 13
Valiant Women of the Vote 2021 Honorees WOMEN’S HISTORY 11
Ana Roqué de
Ana Roqué de
Elizabeth Piper
Elizabeth Piper
Marie Foster
Marie Foster Dr.
Dr. Mabel Ping-
Mabel Ping-Hua Virginia Louisa
Virginia Louisa Mi-
Duprey
Duprey Ensley
Ensley 1917 –2003
1917 –2003 Hua
Lee Lee Minor
nor
1853
1853 ––1933
1933 1847-1919
1847-1919 LucyRights
Civil
Civil BurnsLeader
Rights Leader 1896-1966 1824
Carrie Chapman Catt 1824
1896-1966 ––1894
1894
Wilhelmina
1879 –Foster
Marie 1966 was born Suffragist, Member of
1859 –1947 American Women Suf-
Kekelaokalaninui
Suffragist and
Suffragist andCo- Co- Educator
Educator and andAfrican-
African- Marie Foster was born Suffragist, Member of American Women
American suffragist American
in rural Wilcox Woman Coun-Suf- the Women’s
American Woman Political
Suf- frage
Widemann ActivistDowsett
founder of the Unive-
founder of the Unive- American suffragist in rural Wilcox Coun- the Women’s Political Suffrage Activist
Elizabeth Piper frage
ty, ActivistBecause
Alabama. Equality
frage ActivistLeague Virginia
1861 - 1929 Louisa Minor
rsity of Puerto Rico
rsity of Puerto Rico Elizabeth PiperEnsley
Ensley ty,
Lucy
of Alabama.
the Burns
overt and Because
was an
non- Equality
Mabel
Carrie ChapmanLeague
Ping- HuaCatt
Lee Virginia
was Louisa
a courageous
Founder of the Na- Minor
ac-
Ana Roqué de Duprey, was a champion of the
Ana Roquéasde“Flor
also known Du- was a cham-pion of
Woman Suffrage of the overt
American
ending racism and
suffragist
Marienon- Mabel an Ping
was born activistHua
in 1896 fromLee
in was
tivist
tionalawhocourageous
Women’stook an ac-
Equal
prey, also (Flower
del Valle” known of the Woman
Movement and Suffrage
became and women’s
Foster
ending faced
racism rights
daily, she
Marie Guangzhou,
Iowaborn
was who in China.
advocated
1896 in tive rolewho
Suffrage
activist in founding
Association
took anof
Movement
a leading activist be-
and advocate.
became a Burns
courageous
Foster faced daily, she left Lee emigrated
for suffrage
Guangzhou, to thethe
during
China. the Woman
Hawai’i
active role in Suffrage
founding
as
the“Flor
Valley), delwas
Valle”edu- in the
came a leading activ- her studies
and unrelenting at Vassar
leader United
second States
generationand at-of Association
Wilhelmina of Mis-
Kekelao-
cated
(Flower in elementary
of the Valley),
Some names have dates, others CivilRightsMovement. became a courageous Lee emigrated to the the Woman Suffrage
Ensley lived in Wash- College
in the Civilto join
Rightsthe tended Barnard
suffragists. Catt Col-
was souri. It was
kalaninui Widemann the first
and secondary school ist in the CivilRights- United
was
have educated
teaching. none
Duprey
in
soel-I eliminated
ington D.Ctheand was a and
British
Movementunrelentingduringleader
suffrage the lege andStates
trained inColumbia
and
political
Association
organization
Dowsett was in
of Mis-
the
a fierce
ementary and second- Movement. Ensley in the Civil
movement
1960s. She as Rights
a mem-
worked attended
University.
activism underBarnard
Upon earn-
Susan souri.
United
advocate ItStates
was the
for the first
to focus
en-
months
showed and
a gift fordays
writ- onlived
those
professor that
in Washington had
at Howard
College andand Colum- organization inofrights,
the
ary
ing school
at a very teaching.
young age University. She even-
Movement
ber of the
closely with during
Martin the
Women’s ing her Ph.D.
B. Anthony in eco-
played on the women’s
franchisement all
them for
Duprey showedconsistency.D.C Alsoand edited
was a profes- 1960s.
Social and
Luther KingPolitical
Jr. and bia University.
nomics
a pivotal inrole
1921, in Upon
she
help- United
even
women. States
predating
After the to
thefocus
and by the age of a13gift tually moved to Bos-
some
for writing bios are short sor
and at some
Howardshe veryUni- Union
other (WSPU).
Oncivil rights Dur-
Sunday, lead-
March became
ing women
earning the first
hergainPh.D.wom-
thein National
forced
on Woman’s
annexation
the women’s of
rights,
had written aattextbook
a very ton where contin-
long so versity. She and as to
moved ing
ers her
in time
Alabama
7, 1965 a nonviolent oversees,
to se- an to
vote. obtain
In 1900,
economics in 1921, a PhD.
Catt Suffrage
Hawai’i, Association
suffragists
even predating the
young
on agethose
universal and byneed
geogra- the some
ued to teachediting
Burnsthe perfected her from Columbia Uni-
succeeded (NWSA) founded by
phy.
age Duprey
of
shown, 13 had
but was alsodone.
written
not Boston
Andtoand
helped build
an continued
In-a li- cure right to vote
voting rights march she becameSusan B.
the first from the mainland
National Woman’ssaw
recognized for her brary. suffrage
for African protest tactics.
Americans. versity.
Anthony as President Susan
an opportunity for and
B. Anthony the
atroduction
textbook onhere. univer- to teach and helped to wasOn scheduled
Burns returned to towalk woman to obtain
LeeNational
of the believed a
that
Ameri- Suffrage
Elizabeth Association
Cady Stan-
insight into astronomy After a move to Sunday, March newly acquired United
build
sal geography. Duprey Colorado, Ensley be- a library. the
the1965
7, 54 miles
U.S. from Sel-
atononviolent
continue PhD. from
achieving
can Woman Columbia
theSuffrage
right for (NWSA)
ton.
States territory founded by
to grant
and was named an
was After a move to ma to Montgomery, University.
women to vote, was an Susan Minor B.theAnthony
made
rightatono-
AN also recognized came the fight
voting for women’s
rights march Association women
honorary member
INTRODUCTION of to theaHonorees
Colorado,
reporter for the,
for
the her
Paris insight
Society into “Women’s Ensley Era”, a the state
suffrage.
was capitol.
Upon
scheduled The
herwalk
to important
(NAWSA). step forthat
Lee believed both table
and impact onCady
vote.Elizabeth the
for 2020 and 2021, explanation, became aetc.
reporter return
the 54- she
miles joined
600 marchers got only from the American
achieving and
Catt workedthe Chinese
tire-
right NWSA In 1899,
Stanton. in 1869membersby
astronomy
oAstronomers. andIn was newsletter that is affil-
This sheisanmockup women. onAt the age of proposing
Minor made astrat-
a legal
1893
named honor-copy. Infor
founded 1899,
iated the,
with members
“Women’s
the National National
Selma
as far asto Women’s
Montgomery,
the Edmund lessly
for women
sixteen,
a national
to vote,
she partici-
of the
agem
National
for quickly
Ameri-
at-
of the
Puerto National
Rico’sof firstAmerican Woman
Era”, Suf-
a newsletter
Association of Colored Suffrage
the Association
state capitol. The level to support suf- can Woman Suffrage
ary member the Pettus Bridge, when was
pated
an important step notable impact on
feminist newspaper, La Women (NACW). (NAWSA)
600 marchers before
got only frage. inCatttheworked
1912 suf- taining suffrage.
Association (NAWSA) She
frage Association
Paris Society oAs- that
(NAWSA) is affiliated
wrote the with state
far and
forming as the local
more lawmen
mili- for
frageboth American
parade in New
with politicians at the the NWSA
argued simply, in 1869
that the
Even though women as Edmund wrote the “Hawaiian
Mujer [Woman].
“Hawaiian In
tronomers. Appeal”,
1893 asking the National Asso- in attacked the marchers
tant, Congressional
Pettus Bridge, when and
stateChinese
York, where
and women.
she
national level by proposing
Fourteenth
Appeal”, a legal
Amend-
asking Con-
Duprey is consid- Colorado had won the
she founded Puerto ciationwomen of Colored with
Unionand billy
forlocalclubs
Woman and At the age
helped of
the16,
leadWoodrow parade stratagem
ment
gress to the for quickly
Constitu-
eredCongress
one of Puerto to give Hawaiian
right to vote in 1893, the state lawmen including, give Hawaiian
Rico’s
right to
Rico’s first feminist
vote.
strongest Later, Women
advo- Dowsett founded
suffragists (NACW). the
continued Suffrage
attacked
tear gas thewithmarchers
and fellow
drove while
she
Wilson onwhohorseback.
participateddid notin tion
women implicitly
attaining thesuffrage.
right guaran-
to
newspaper, La Mujer Even
to push though
for a women
national suffragist
with
them backAlice
billy clubs Paul.
intoandSelma. Lee
the wasWomen’s
support
1912 asuffrage
memberSuf- of teed
She the
vote.argued
Later,franchise
Dowsett
simply, to
cates for women’s
National Women’s Equal Suffrage Asso-
in Colorado
women’s had won
suffrage tear gas and drove the Women’s
frage. Catt was
parade in New York, Political
a re- women.
founded The
the
that the Fourteenth associa-
National
suffrage. She was one
[Woman].
ciation of Hawai’i (WESAH) and led the Foster was one of the
amendment. To edu- them back into Selma. Equality League and in
lentless lobbyist tion adopted
Women’s her Suf-
Equal argu-
of the
She founders
was one of of
the the right to vote in marchers and because where she an helped lead Amendment toit the
effortsRican
Puerto to enfranchise
Feminist the1893,
women
cate women ofofhercolor Foster was one of the 1915 gave
by 1918, Wilson im-was ment
frage Associationwide-
and used of
the founders of the suffragists the brutality
marchers and of her
because the parade
portant
in support speechwhile on
titled,
of suffrage Constitution
ly.
Hawai’i (WESAH) implicitly
island. and utilized
League on how to vote
continued and for
to push horseback.
Puerto
her talentsRican
as a Feminist
writer why they should vote,
beating
the brutality wasofcaptured
her “China’s toLee
which ledSubmerged was a
the pass- guaranteed
and led the efforts the fran- to
In 1899,
League members ofathe
and utilized National
national women’s on film,was
beating shecaptured
came to member
Half” theof19th
ing of which the
was Wom-
cov-
amend- chise to women.
enfranchise the women The
to gain public support Ensley founded the
American
her
for talents
the causeas Woman
ofa wom-
writerSuffrage
ColoredAssociation
suffrage amendment.
Women’s on film, she
embody thecame to
challeng- ered by
in the
mentPolitical
en’s 1920.New York
Equality association
of her island.adopted
wrote To educate women of embody the challenges Times. In thisinspeech
(NAWSA)
to gain
en’s public
suffrage. sup-the “Hawaiian
Republic Appeal”,
Club. es the protesters faced. League and 1915 her argument and used
color on how to vote the protesters faced. she said: “The welfare
port for the cause of gave an important it widely.
On March 21, two of China and possibly
women’s suffrage. and why they should speech
its very titled,
existence “China’s
as an
weeks later, Foster,
vote, Ensley founded with two injured Submerged Half.”
tardy justice to its Ed-
the Colored Women’s Edited 4 lines to fit ited 4 lines to fit Honorees – pp 10-12
Republic Club.WOMEN’S HISTORY 10
14 WOMEN’S HISTORY
Valiant Women of the Vote 2021 Honorees WOMEN’S HISTORY 12
Anna Howard Maria TeresaKu-
Maria Teresa EleanorHolmes
Eleanor Holmes Terry AoMinnis
Terry Ao Minnis Edith Mayo
Edith Mayo
Anna Howard
Shaw
Shaw Kumar
mar Norton
Norton Senior Director of
Senior Director of the Suffrage Historian,
Suffrage Historian,
1847
1847 ––1919
1919 CEO,
CEO, VotoVotoLatino
Latino CivilRights
Civil
Lucy RightsLeader,
Burns Leader, the Census
Census Chapman
Carrie and Vot-
and Voting Catt Women’s
Women’s History
Wilhelmina
History
American
American Woman WomanSuf- Maria Teresa
Maria Teresa Kumar Kumaris Con-gressperson,
Congressperson,
1879 – 1966 Law- ing Programs,
–1947AsianAsian
Programs,
1859 Movement
Movement Activist
Kekelaokalaninui Activist
frage Activist
Suffrage Activist is a Hispanic
a Hispanic American Ameri- Lawyer
yer and
and Organizer
American Woman Organizer
Suf- Americans
AmericansWoman
American Advancing
Advancing Suf- Edith
Widemann Mayo
Edith Mayo Dowsett isisa ahisto-
histo-
Dr. Anna
Dr. AnnaHoward
Howard can Political
Political rightsrights
and frage
Eleanor Activist
Holmes
Eleanor Holmes Nor- JusticeActivist
Justice
frage rian
1861of of the
- 1929 women’s
the women’s
Shaw was a leader of Lucy is Burns
Shaw was a leader of and voting rightsrights
voting activist. Norton
ton is awas
a civil civilan
rights Carrie
Terry Ao
Terry Chapman
Ao MinnisCatt
Minnis isisa a Founder of
suffrage movement
suffrage the Na-
movement
the women’s suffrage American suffragist was an activist from
the women’s
movement suf-
in the Unit-
Kumar was
activist. born in
Kumar was leader and
rights leader andpolitical voting rights
voting rights activistactivist and an activistofEqual
tional
and an Women’s
activist ofthe
Bogota, Columbia and and women’s
organizer. Herrights
political organizer. work on Iowa
who has
who
who advocated
has dedicated
dedicated her Suffrage
women’s
the
Association
history
women’s history
of
frage movement
ed States who was in born in Bogota, Co- advocate. Burns left for suffrage during the Hawai’i
grew up in Sonoma, voting rights dates career to fight for the movement. She is the
the Unitedknown
Statesforwho lumbia andShe grew Her work at onVassar
voting her career to fightof to movement. She is the
especially California. at- up in her
backstudies
to the 1960s and second
right to generation
equal access Wilhelmina
current curator Kekelao-
Emerita
Some
her
was names
affiliation
especially withhave
the dates,
known Sonoma, othersCalifornia.
tended college at Har- rights dates
College
continues totoday.
joinback
the to
Nor- for
the the
suffragists. right
ballot. to equal
Catt
Minnis was at- current
kalaninui curator
Widemann
for Political History at Emeri-
National
for
have American
her none
affiliation
so Iwith She
eliminated
vard’sattended
the college
Kennedy Uni- the 1960s
British suffrageand
ton earned a bachelor’s con- access
trained to
in the ballot.
political
tended the University ta
thefor
Dowsett Political History
was a fierce
Smithsonian Na-
Woman’s
the Suffrage
National American at Harvard’s
versity School Kennedy
of Gov- movement
tinues from
degree today. asAntioch
aNorton
mem- activism
Minnis
of Chicago under
attended
where Susanthe
she advocate
at the Museum
tional for
Smithsonianthe ofen-
months
Association
and days on those that had
Woman’s ernment andSchool the Uni- ber of the
earned aand
College Women’s
master’s
bachelor’s B. Anthony
earned her and
bachelor’s
University of Chicago played franchisement
AmericanMuseum
National of all of
History.
them forSuffrage
(NAWSA).
As- University
consistency. Also edited of Social
sociation (NAWSA). versity of California
Government and the and
degreelawand Political
degrees
from from
Antioch adegree
pivotal
where inrole
she in help-
economics.
earned her women.
Mayo has After
American History. the
dedicated
someShawbioswas born
are in short Davis.
and some very Union (WSPU). Dur- ing
She women
then gain the her
continued forced
her career annexation of
Shawand
England wasraised
borninin University of Califor- Yale
College
ing
University.
her time andoversees, She
master’s bachelor’s
vote. In 1900, degree
Catt in Mayo
Hawai’i,
hastodedicated
making
long so those need some Kumareditingwitnessed
as currently serves as the education at American women’ssuffragists
history more
England
Michigan.and Sheraised
had a in nia Davis.how Latinos
first-hand
and law
Burns degrees
perfected
Congressional herfrom
Repre-
economics.
succeeded
University’s She
Susan
Wash- then
B. her
from career to making
the mainland
accessible and inclu- saw
shown,
distinguished
Michigan. but not
profes-
She had adone. And an In- Yale University. She continued her educa- women’s history more
lackKumar
access to witnessed
services suffrage protest
sentative for the Dis- tactics. Anthony as President
ington College of Law an opportunity
sive and to making for the
sional career
troduction and was
here.
distinguished profes- in first-hand
California. how Latinos
Kumar currently serves
trict of Columbia. to
Burns returned as tion
of theatNational
where American
she receivedAmeri-Uni-
her accessible
newly
sure women acquiredand inclu-
United
receive
highly educated
sional career and in awas recognized that tech- the
theU.S. to continue
Congressional can Woman
versity’s
law degree. Suffrage
Washington
She is a States
sive
balanced territory
and representa-
to makingto grant
lack access to services Norton became active
wide variety of fields. the fight forrights
women’s Association
key leader women the right to
highly educated nology was a powerful in the civil
Representative andthe
for College ofon Law cam- where tion in
sure women receive
AN
In 1890s Shawin a
theINTRODUCTION in the
to
tool
California.
to
Honorees
connect
Kumar
young suffrage.
voting Upon
rights her
move- (NAWSA).
paigns reauthorizing vote.
museums. representa-
She is well
wide variety
for 2020to and of fields. recognized that
2021, explanation, tech- District of Columbia. she received her law balanced
decided dedicate voters to etc.
the vital in- return
ments sheajoined
Nortonasbecame collegethe stu-
active the Catt
degree.Voting worked
She Rights tire-
is a key Act knownIn 1899, members
and widely
In
herself the
full1890s
time toShaw
the
This is mockup copy. Informationnology was
1899, members a power- National tiontheinNational
museums. She
they needed dent. SheWomen’s
was an or- lessly
and has onwritten
a national nu- of
respected for her Ameri-
work
decided to dedicate
suffrage cause. fulWoman
to toolpolitically
stay to Suf-
connect con- in the civil
Suffrage
ganizer for rights
Association
the Studentand leader
level
merous toon campaigns
support
articles suf-
and is
canwell known
Woman Suffrage
in documenting and
Afri-
of the National American
herself full time to young
scious. voters
In 2004, toVoto
the voting
(NAWSA) rights move-
before
Nonviolent Coordinat- reauthorizing
frage. Catt worked
amicus briefs in sup- the widely
Association
can American respected
(NAWSA)
suffra-for
frage Association (NAWSA) wrote the
the suffrage cause. vital information
Latino was foundedthey ments
forming
ing asthea more
Committee college mili- Voting
with
port of Rightsrights.
politicians
voting Act
at the and her
wrote workthe
gist history. in document-
“Hawaiian
“Hawaiian
servedAppeal”,
first as asking
and Kumar became tant, Congressional
student.and Shepartici-
was state
hasTerry and
written national
Aonumerous
Minnis islevel Appeal”,
ing African
Mayo asking
began Con-
American
her
Shaw needed to stay po-the (SNCC)
Union forMississippi
Woman
ViceCongress
President, to and
give Hawaiian
liticallywomen
president and CEO
conscious. the ofIn pated in
an organizer for the including,
currentlyand
articles Woodrow
the Senior
amicus gress
career toat give
a Hawaiian
time
suffragist history. when
Suffrage with fellow Wilson who did notand women
women’s the right to
rightas
later to President,
vote. Later, the
ofDowsett non-profit,
2004, founded
Voto Latino non- was
the Freedom Summer,
Student Nonviolent
suffragist
a Director of
briefs in support of
support
Census
Women’sfor Suf-
Mayo historybegan was her
National Women’s partisan
Equalfounded
Suffrageorganization
Asso- campaign Alice Paul.
to register Voting Programs vote.
largely Later,
ignored Dowsett
by
the National American and Kumar Coordinating Com- voting
frage. rights. career atthe
a time when
that was to increase the state’s disenfran- Asian Catt was a re-
Americans Ad- founded
historians. ANational
Mayo’s
Woman’s Hawai’i As-
ciation ofSuffrage (WESAH)
became and the led
voter registration thein
president mitteeAfrican
chised (SNCC) and
Ameri- Terrylobbyist
lentless
vancing Ao Minnis
Justice and women’s
Women’s history
Equal Suf-
work and dedication wasto
sociation (NAWSA) and
efforts to enfranchise theHispanic CEOand
women ofofher
the non-
Latino participated in
can citizens to vote, in Mis- is
by fighting
1918,
(AAJC). AAJC for civil
Wilson iswas
a largely
frage ignored
Association
the women’s history byof
from
island.1904-1915. Dur- communities.
profit, non-partisanWith sissippi Freedom
1964. in support
rights
non-profitandof suffrage
empower-
organization Hawai’i
historians.
movement (WESAH)
isAvisible
Mayo’s
ing Inher1899,
lifetime, Shaw Kumar as president, Summer, a campaign which
ing
fighting ledforto
Asian the pass-
Americans
civil rights and led
throughout
work the efforts
her 40 year
and dedica- to
members of the National that was
organization
ing
and of the
empowering19th amend-
Asian enfranchise
career with the women
Smith-
was widely respected Voto Latino voter
to increase has regis-
reg- to register the state’s to create a more just tion to the women’s
American Woman Suffrage Association ment in 1920. of her island.
sonian. Mayo’s exhib-
as a public speaker tered over a quarter
istration in Hispanic disenfranchised Afri- America for all. a
Americans to create history movement is
(NAWSA) wrote the “Hawaiian Appeal”,
million voters and in- more just America for
can American citizens all.
it, Parlor to Prison ran
visible throughout her
and effective orga- and Latino
creased Latino communi-
voter for ten years and set
nizer for the suffrage turnout. ties. With This Kumar
one mil- as to vote, in 1964. 40-year
the standard careerfor with
cause. president,
lion voters by VototheLatino
2020 the Smithsonian.
showcase the historic
has registered over a
election. contributions of wom-
Edited
quarter8million
lines tovoters.
fit en.Edited 9 lines.You can also read
