Volume 23 | Issue 3 - Meet our new vice president
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Surgical News | Volume 23 | Issue 3 3 RACS leadership President’s message 4 Meet our new vice president 6 Respecting one another is the right thing Survey of Australian senior surgeons’ to do 10 views on retirement 37 RACS recommits to building a culture of Daniel Chan’s multifaceted career 38 respect in surgery 11 Student researchers collaborate for Indigenous health in the spotlight success in opioid study 40 at RACS ASC 12 Gendered titles, barber surgeons Brisbane ushers in a successful RACS and all that 42 90th Annual Scientific Congress 14 Tenei au - surgery in an Indigenous world 17 Why Dr Aly likes the roux en y gastric bypass 17 RACS ASC 2022 18 Making media waves at the RACS ASC 2022 20 Advocacy at RACS 44 RACS Global Health working in partnership for the Pacific Island Program 46 Good reads 47 RACS Trainees recognised for leadership skills 48 The Melbourne surgeon and the iconic Chloe 50 Correspondence and letters to the editor for Surgical News should be sent to: surgical.news@surgeons.org Editor: Abderazzaq Noor Publications Lead: Saleha Singh Designer: Amy Tanner Contributing writers: Fleur Morrison, Rachel Corkery, Surgical competence - a surgeon’s Najma Sambul perspective 24 www.surgeons.org ISSN 1443-9603 (Print)/ISSN 1443-9565 (Online). Challenging management of an elderly © Copyright 2022, Royal Australasian College patient 26 of Surgeons. All rights reserved. All copyright is SUNRRiSE boosts Trainees’ skills 28 reserved. The editor reserves the right to change material submitted. The College privacy policy and ACT Annual Scientific Meeting 2022 31 disclaimer apply – www.surgeons.org. The College and the publisher are not responsible for errors or The Queensland Trauma Committee 32 consequences for reliance on information in this Sustainability in a dispersed publication. Statements represent the views of the author and not necessarily the College. Information is workplace 34 not intended to be advice or relied on in any particular ANZHNCS ASM 2022 35 circumstance. Advertisements and products advertised are not endorsed by the College. The Five million procedures logged 36 advertiser takes all responsibility for representations and claims. Published for the Royal Australasian College of Surgeons by RL Media Pty Ltd. ACN 081 735 891, ABN 44081 735 891 of 129 Bouverie St, Carlton Vic 3053
4 President’s message As we get into the colder months of Health Products Regulations Group, that of some planned surgery until the supply winter, we expect to see a growing there is an extreme shortage of non-ionic is restored in hopefully, one to two number of COVID-19 infections and IV contrast (Omnipaque) for radiological months. influenza. This is a stark reminder that investigations. Aotearoa New Zealand We encourage surgeons to make sure the COVID-19 pandemic is far from over had adequate supply when this message their Trainees are aware of these and that we have many issues that need was published. guidelines. to be addressed, including the impact We wrote to our members advising of long COVID and its implications for In May we held our 90th RACS Annual that they comply with restrictions in ongoing medical support. Scientific Congress in Brisbane. It was requesting diagnostic imaging that a successful event that attracted more As governments try to get the elective requires IV contrast, such as angiograms, than 2600 attendees from more than 25 backlog under control, I fear that CT scans, intra-operative imaging, countries. It was great to see so many the already exhausted and burnt retrograde pyelography, ERCP, operative people in one place—enjoying catching out healthcare workers’ health and cholangiogram among other items. up with friends and colleagues. I’m wellbeing will continue to be adversely The current stock of IV contrast should sure that like me, many of you were affected. We desperately need more be reserved for urgent, non-deferrable reminded of just how much we have staff, particularly nurses and other indications and surgeons should missed in-person interaction with clinical professionals. consider alternative investigation each other. We were able to have more We recently received notification from methods if appropriate for the meaningful conversations and make the Australian Department of Health’s indication. This is likely to mean deferral important connections.
Surgical News | Volume 23 | Issue 3 5 We had a wide variety of presentations covering an interesting range of topics made by our Fellows, Trainees, overseas medical colleges, our specialty societies, and other healthcare practitioners. My special gratitude to my fellow presidents who joined us: Professor Mike Griffin, the president of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, Professor Kean Ghee Lim, president of the College of Surgeons of Malaysia and Professor Johan Fagan, incoming president of the Colleges of Medicine of South Africa. I attended as many sessions as possible and particularly enjoyed the theme teams performing at their best and keep support of and against—the proposed of sustainability. It covered topics patients safe. name change for the College. It is from education, individual health and encouraging to see the high level of The plan sets out a program of work wellbeing to rural surgery in Australia engagement this issue has generated. We that aims to strengthen leadership and and Aotearoa New Zealand, and also will continue to give you the opportunity professionalism, increase cultural safety overseas in countries such as India, to share your views as we increase and diversity, address racism, support where the rural areas also suffer from awareness of the proposal. speaking up and providing feedback, a lack of infrastructure and support and leverage collaborations and systems on a much larger scale than we partnerships. experience in our countries. Dr Sally Langley We look forward to working with our President I especially want to acknowledge members and health jurisdictions around Associate Professor Rhea Liang, one of Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand our Queensland-based Fellows, who and supporting them to embrace and stepped in at the last minute to cover implement this new focus. for a plenary session presenter who My thanks also go to the congress couldn’t attend. I was impressed by how conveners—Professor well Rhea delivered a highly polished talk Chris Pyke, Professor at a moment’s notice. Thank you, Rhea. Deborah Bailey, I was also honoured to welcome our new section conveners, Fellows at the convocation ceremony. Dr Liz McLeod, the Congratulations to you all. I know how congress coordinator, hard you’ve worked to get to where you our keynote speakers are. I look forward to supporting you and visitors, and our Join us for dinner, music as you embark on this new phase of generous sponsors. and auctions at the your career. I encourage you to become Thanks to our staff who active members of the College—it is your pulled this wonderful College and you have the opportunity to make it a College that you can be proud event together and spent many hours Victorian Surgeons of and help progress. making sure everything During the RACS ASC, I also had the was working well— Charity Ball pleasure of launching our Building from technology, Respect Action Plan 2022, a five-year communications, media, Saturday plan, which expands the College’s focus accommodation, and October 8th, 2022 on addressing bullying, discrimination food services. from 7pm and sexual harassment, towards And thank you Brisbane fostering professionalism and civility in for your warm Melbourne Cricket Ground surgery. hospitality. We look For the past six years we have focused on forward to the 2023 building awareness and understanding RACS ASC in Adelaide, to operate with respect in surgical South Australia. TICKETS & INFORMATION workplaces. The new action plan focuses On a final note, I would on supporting actions that encourage like to thank you for https://surgeons.eventsair.com professional behaviours that keep sharing your thoughts /vicball22/vicballreg and concerns—in
6 Meet our new vice president Gratitude drives Professor Chris Pyke Professor Chris Pyke is motivated by a “It was a happy discovery that I really “I have to say, if you want to affect the sense of gratitude in his roles as a breast enjoyed surgery and I was good enough at community, just make a disease for and endocrine surgeon and incoming it,” he says. middle-aged women; they are front and RACS vice president. “It’s very tactile—like woodwork—and centre of every single family at that age, The Brisbane-based surgeon is grateful every day it’s like you’re involved with and many workplaces. They’re the glue of for the free university education that your patient in hand-to-hand combat our society and diseases that affect them enabled him to complete a medical against disease.” affect everyone,” he says. degree, and for the many mentors and Since the death of his sister after a 20- “Working in this area, you can make a real colleagues who supported and inspired year battle with breast cancer, Professor difference.” him along the way. Pyke is aware of the toll the disease takes While Professor Pyke’s father was a But Professor Pyke is most grateful on families and communities. paramedic, his influence on encouraging that he discovered a career that he In his area of specialty, he feels like he can his son to pursue a medical career was enjoys, finds satisfying and gives him the make a significant impact on patients’ more to do with his work ethic and notion opportunity to repay what he considers lives and those of their loved ones. of a vocation. It was only later, when he to be a debt to the community and the was a medical student that Professor profession.
Surgical News | Volume 23 | Issue 3 7 “Every new generation of surgeons should be better than the one before, and that’s what I’d like to help achieve.” Pyke understood the impact that his University of Queensland and completed a “At the beginning of the College in 1927, father’s work had on him. PhD in breast cancer risk quantification. surgeons came together to ensure they “There was a terrible accident outside He combines a professorship at the had met the standard necessary to serve our place one night and I got to see him University of Queensland with his work as their community and I see my role as a working firsthand. It was a multi-vehicle a consultant in public and private health continuation of that.” trauma and I saw him triaging, deciding services, and his many administrative, Ultimately, he would like to leave the which people to rescue first—in the dark. board and committee positions. profession in an even better shape than I was rather in awe of what he was doing.” Professor Pyke sat on the Board of he found it. Professor Pyke and his wife have three General Surgery for almost a decade, “I benefited along the way from the magic children, one of whom has followed his is a past president of Breast Surgeons escalator of free tertiary education, and father into medicine, while the other two of Australia and New Zealand, and the from extraordinary teachers. Some of the are pursuing careers in education and Breast Section of RACS. His most recent role models I’ve had did not need to spend law. College position was Chair of the Court of their time teaching me, but they wanted His wife conducts tours at the Queensland Examiners, a position as challenging as it to make sure the profession was better Art Gallery and Professor Pyke enjoys was inspiring. when they left it. acting as what he describes as a “crash In his new position as RACS vice president, “I’m proud to say I’m following in their test dummy” to help her prepare. he aims to protect the high standards of footsteps. Every new generation of In his spare time, Professor Pyke loves the surgical profession and encourage surgeons should be better than the one to bushwalk along the trails around “quality” as a unified goal for all before, and that’s what I’d like to help Brisbane. specialties. achieve,” he says. Professor Pyke’s career has taken him In line with his commitment to serving around the globe, working at some of the the community, he would also like to world’s leading hospitals alongside some ensure surgeons offer high value care for extraordinary doctors. patients and to undertake responsible stewardship of the community’s health After completing his surgical training resources. at Mater Medical Centre in Brisbane, he undertook surgical fellowships at the Professor Pyke sees his role as a Nottingham Breast Unit in the UK and the continuation of the work of the Mayo Clinic in the US. surgeons who originally established the profession’s membership body. On his return to Australia, he took up a position as a senior lecturer with The
8 news in brief RACS strategic and business Our Business Plan outlines the first year of RACS concerned with decision plans implementation of the Strategic Plan. We to cancel elective surgery at feature five flagship programs in 2022: We recently published our Strategic Royal Adelaide Hospital Plan 2022–2024 and our Business Plan 1. Building Respect, Improving Patient RACS South Australia State Committee 2022, which outline specific initiatives Safety: From awareness to action Chair, Dr David King, said the decision to support the College in continuing our 2. Implementing the Rural Health Equity to cancel elective surgery will result work to deliver value for our Fellows, Strategy in additional delays for patients in a Trainees, Specialist International Medical 3. Championing Aboriginal, Torres Strait system that is already struggling to meet Graduates (SIMGs), partners and the Islander, and Māori health extraordinary demands on waiting lists communities we serve. two years into the pandemic. 4. Advocating for workforce and health In considering our strategy for the next care sustainability Read the latest media release: three years, we reviewed internal, bit.ly/3z60PPW external, and global conditions to guide 5. Improving our services. our thinking and planning. Our priorities You can find the current Strategic Plan are: and Business Plan and previous iterations Colorectal surgery MBS on the RACS website: bit.ly/3wWYTrr • Leading a sustainable future of surgery changes in Australia • Serving all communities equitably Changes to Medicare Benefits Schedule • Enhancing member value Join the RACS Professional (MBS) colorectal surgery services will commence from 1 July 2022 following • Operational excellence. Skills Assessment Working recommendations from the MBS Review Group Taskforce and consultation with key We are calling for expressions of stakeholders. These changes will better interest from Fellows who have an align colorectal surgery services with interest in work-based assessments to contemporary, evidence-based practice. contribute to developing assessment The changes are outlined in a range of tools and processes to support the RACS Strategic Professional Skills Curriculum. communication materials, which are now Plan available on the MBS Online Fact Sheets 2022-2024 A working group of specialty page. This includes a fact sheet, Quick representatives and RACS education Reference Guide and Frequently Asked staff is being convened to undertake Questions, available at this link: development of an assessment program, bit.ly/3NNeU8X with integrated assessment activities to Please contact the Department of Health support delivery and assessment of the if you have any questions. Professional Skills Curriculum. The Professional Skills Assessment Working Group will also consider assessment delivery via an app being developed by RACS. If you are interested in participating, or if you have any questions, please contact Sally Drummond via email (sally. drummond@racs.org) or by phone: (03) 9249 1195.
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10 Respecting one another is the right thing to do As I reflect on my eight years at the correspondence in the form of emails in silence. Our workplaces will be better College, the last three as CEO—and prior from our Fellows to College staff—what for it—more kindness and less stress to that, as Deputy CEO—we have come a was the writer thinking? Did they not and frustration. In the words of the long way when it comes to respecting one realise that another human being with great General Morrison who addressed another, whether it is between Fellows, feelings would be reading the email? the 2016 RACS ASC in Brisbane … “the Trainees, Specialist International Medical Unfortunately, this goes on, and as CEO standard you walk past is the standard Graduates and College staff. Or have we? I have instructed College staff to report you accept.” The recent evaluation of the Building these incidents as they will not be When RACS initially committed to Respect initiative has demonstrated we tolerated and will be dealt with. We have ‘Building Respect’ it was lauded by have made some gains in achieving more had some staff leave the College because everyone and we were a leader in this respectful workplaces, but why does of inappropriate behaviours from Fellows. area. Let us all re-commit to this pledge, the problem of inappropriate behaviour It is indeed a sorry reflection on RACS to be authentic leaders, compassionate persist? I still see examples of this around when this happens, but it does. and caring, and always respectful of me and I still see Fellows turning a blind On a more positive note, most of our others. eye and not ‘speaking up’ when these members do the right thing and recognise Above all, we want the members of our behaviours are exhibited. and live the College values: Service, profession to exemplify the values we I have also experienced these behaviours Respect, Integrity, Compassion and aspire to. myself from Fellows. Sometimes the Collaboration. John Biviano behaviours are what some would call I ask everyone reading this article to look borderline ‘micro-aggressions’ or CEO at themselves in the mirror; to reflect ‘micro-corrections’. However, it is these on their behaviours and those of others behaviours that can cause the most harm around them, commit to leading a culture when repeated and allowed to fester. of respect, to call out poor behaviour I am concerned when I see these when it occurs and come to the aid of behaviours expressed in some of the affected individuals who will be suffering
Surgical News | Volume 23 | Issue 3 11 RACS recommits to building a culture of respect in surgery: Now is the time for action The Royal Australasian College of The report notes that ‘entrenched RACS Building Respect Action Plan 2022 Surgeons (RACS) re-convened an Expert problems in healthcare will only be expands the College’s focus to date on Advisory Group (EAG 2022) to review the solved by cross sectoral commitment addressing bullying, discrimination and progress made by the College community and collaboration.’ sexual harassment, towards fostering since 2015 to build respect and improve ‘Given the limits of RACS influence professionalism and civility in surgery. patient safety in surgery, and to over workplace settings, our The plan sets out a program of work recommend future actions. recommendations rely on collaboration, that aims to strengthen leadership and The College Council has endorsed leadership and shared responsibilities,’ professionalism, increase cultural safety the recommendations of EAG 2022 EAG 2022 notes. and diversity, address racism, support and published a new five-year plan RACS President, Dr Sally Langley, said the speaking up and providing feedback, for cultural change by investing in College was energised and heartened by and leverage collaborations and leadership, training and education, the EAG 2022 report. partnerships. fostering diversity, and strengthening a Read more about the EAG 22 Report and feedback culture in surgery. “Cultural change takes time. We’re in this for the long haul because it’s best the RACS Building Respect Action Plan: ‘Now is the time for action. Six years has for our patients and will strengthen the From Awareness to Action: bit.ly/3a8CyP1 built awareness and understanding of whole surgical community,” Dr Langley the need to operate with respect. We are said. now looking for actions that encourage professional behaviour that keeps teams She said the RACS Building Respect performing at their best and patients Action Plan 2022 would require safe’, the EAG 2022 report states. leadership, collaboration and a shared purpose EAG was ‘struck by the seriousness of with other health sector the College’s ongoing commitment’ and agencies. Building Respect, Improv ing Patient Safety: From found it had ‘prioritised identifying and Awareness to Action addressing a serious problem’ by rolling “Agencies across 1 out an ambitious program of work. the health sector in Australia and Aotearoa EAG 2022 notes that a lot has changed New Zealand have inside and outside the College in the embraced the need six years since RACS launched its 2015 for cultural change. At Action Plan: Building Respect, Improving different places, we are Patient Safety. recognising that this 2022 Report, Recom ‘Community dialogue and expectations means disrupting the mendations and Act ion Plan about acceptable behaviour and culture status quo and being have profoundly altered the RACS open to new ideas and Building Respect, operating environment and re-shaped practices. Improving Patient Sa the wider community,’ the report states. fety: “RACS focus is From Awareness to ‘The College must now keep pace with shifting from raising Action community standards and expectations awareness, to RACS Expert Advisory Group (Discrimination and Sexual Harassme , Bullying and keep striving to effect real change. supporting action. We nt) Ongoing, concerted effort and a renewed will work with the commitment is needed to convert College community awareness to action and enable the as we build our skills profession to change and meet the and learn to lead expectations of the community it serves,’ compassionately and the EAG 2022 report states. collaboratively,” she said.
12 Indigenous health in the spotlight at RACS ASC The Indigenous Health section of RACS lecture, she and her team from the presidents, office-bearers, and allies ASC was expanded in 2022. This was Institute of Collaborative Race Research attending. The breakfast was opened in response to Cultural Competence hosted a workshop of guided readings with a welcome to country from elder and Safety becoming the new 10th examining cultural competency, or rather, Uncle Joseph and ended with a message competency and the steady and the negative effects on Indigenous people from Haylene Grogan, Deputy Director continuing focus on increasing diversity when cultural competency is absent. General of Queensland Health. The and inclusion within the College. Catering was provided by Murri Menu Indigenous scholarship winners were There were two broad aims—to provide and it is possible that the lemon myrtle presented with their awards by Dr Sally sessions suitable for upskilling by all scones and kangaroo sausage rolls with Langley. conference attendees and to increase bush tomato relish were also a first for Dr Mikayla Couch - RACS ASC Award Indigenous participation in every role at the ASC. Dr Mitchell Smith - RACS ASC Award the conference. The Indigenous Health breakfast sold out early, with current and multiple past Dr Toriana Murray - RACS ASC Award The result of this focus was several firsts—the first academic visit, the first section dinner, the first dedicated plenary, and the first funded research prize. As part of a parallel aim to normalise Indigenous ways of working and doing, there was also the first Yarning Circle/ Hui Whakawhanaungatanga and an increasing use of norms such as Māori pepeha in speaker introductions and Aboriginal languages in presentations. The section visitor was Professor Chelsea Watego. In addition to her keynote
Surgical News | Volume 23 | Issue 3 13 Dr Nasya Thompson - RACS ASC Award Dr Lincoln Nicholls - 2022 SET Trainee One Fund, London) and Future Dreaming Dr Nikola Fraser - RACS ASC Award (2020 Year Scholarship – Māori panellists Dr Claudia Paul (Rhodes winner but due to COVID deferred until The Indigenous Health convenors would scholar), Dr Jamie-Lee Rahiri (PhD) and 2022) also like to thank the keynote speakers Dr Rob Grant (cardiothoracic Trainee) Dr Maxine Ronald, immediate past Chair for contributing to such a strong and Dr Claudia Paul - ASC Peer Support award of the RACS Indigenous Health committee successful section. Dr Justin Cain - 2022 SET Trainee One Year and Dr Kris Rallah-Baker, Australia’s first It is clear from the attendance and Scholarship – Aboriginal and Torres Strait and only Indigenous ophthalmologist. the social media engagement with the Island Thank you also to the plenary speakers activities of this section that Indigenous Dr Jamie-Lee Rahiri - 2022 SET Trainee Dr Rhys Jones (University of Auckland) health is on an increasingly strong footing One Year Scholarship – Māori and Professor Michael West (The King’s at RACS. We look forward to the RACS ASC 2023 where Indigenous health will be the overarching theme. Dr Justin Cain and Associate Professor Rhea Liang Images (Clockwise from top left): Indigenous Health breakfast; ICCR workshop; Dr Justin Cain and Associate Professor Rhea Liang; Yarning Circle/ Hui Whakawhanaungatanga.
14 Brisbane ushers in a successful RACS 90th Annual Scientific Congress Brisbane played host to the Royal Tuesday’s plenary session was opened Denna Fryer who was the winner of the Australasian College of Surgeons 90th by RACS president Dr Sally Langley Women in Surgery essay competition Annual Scientific Congress (RACS ASC). followed by a calendar full of interesting entitled The myth of meritocracy: What More than 2600 participants attended the presentations. RACS can do to dismantle it. Denna Congress either in-person or virtually. A moving Indigenous health breakfast received a RACS grant, which included was the highlight of the day on entry to the RACS ASC 2022, flights and We kicked off RACS ASC on Sunday, accommodation in Brisbane. 1 May with a gala dinner hosted by the Wednesday, with many past presidents Foundation for Surgery at the Birrunga in attendance. Dr Langley presented The last day of the Congress featured Gallery to thank the extraordinary awards to several recipients before Dr various presentations, including one by generosity of our donors. Justin Cain led a panel discussion entitled Australian Orthopaedic Association’s ‘future dreaming’. All panellists spoke President and RACS Councillor, Dr On Monday, 2 May we proudly welcomed optimistically about the future, noting Annette Holian on ‘Women who lead’. our new Fellows in the evening at the that it was reassuring to see the College’s Dr Holian shared numerous stories from 2022 Convocation ceremony. The continued commitment to Indigenous her personal and professional lives and Fellowship pledge recital was a powerful health and representation in surgery. the lessons she learned throughout her and engaging moment, highlighting that journey. She encouraged the audience to the future of surgery is in the best of This year’s RACS Women in Surgery breakfast and annual business meeting remember to be kind to themselves and hands. Our sincerest congratulations to to take ownership of mistakes. the new Fellows. was opened by chair, Dr Christine Lai. Dr Langley acknowledged medical student
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16 Some statistics from the RACS ASC 2022 Our first in-person congress since the pandemic was an amazing experience for us. Here are some facts and figures: • more than 2600 participants (in-person and virtual) • representatives from more than 25 countries: Australia, participated Aotearoa New Zealand, Norway, the UK, USA, Japan, Israel, • total live stream viewed minutes: more than 250,000 Malaysia, Belgium, Greece, France, Ireland, Netherlands, Botswana, South Africa, Brazil, Canada, India, United Arab • 664 presentations Emirates, and Papua New Guinea to mention some. • 1712 e-poster views • average number of steps during a congress day – 8000 664 MORE THAN 2600 PRESENTATIONS PARTICIPANTS (IN-PERSON AND VIRTUAL) 1712 E-POSTER VIEWS AVERAGE NUMBER LIVE STREAM OF STEPS DURING A VIEWED IN MINUTES: CONGRESS DAY – 8000 MORE THAN 250,000
Surgical News | Volume 23 | Issue 3 17 ‘Tenei au’ — Surgery in an Indigenous world Dr Maxine Ronald, a general surgeon and informed by the community and also at Whangārei Hospital, Northland in shared some solutions. Aotearoa New Zealand, presented a “We should support communities and keynote lecture titled ‘Tenei au’—Surgery whānau to be self-determining and in an Indigenous world at the RACS ASC provide healthcare that is internally 2022. integrated and reaching across sectors Dr Ronald, of Ngāti Wai and Ngāti Hine to include housing, education, social, descent, started her talk with a beautiful cultural and environmental networks. ancient Māori tauparapara or chant. “We should also indigenise the health She focused on how Indigenous practice system, embedding Matauranga can inform surgical practice and the (knowledge) Māori frameworks and importance of indigenising the spaces strategies.” we work in and structure of the health Dr Ronald also called for the equitable services. distribution of resources in the country’s “Medical and scientific advances have healthcare system. failed to improve equity for Indigenous “We need an Indigenous measurement groups. The solution to Indigenous of health as the problem with equity health inequities lies with Indigenous is that it is defined in relation to white communities,” she said. people. It assumes there is a limit to what Dr Ronald shared Māori stories with Indigenous people can achieve, and has key values that can inform surgical a narrow focus on disease rather than services such as whakapapa (genealogy, Indigenous, holistic models of health. relationships), whanaungatanga The key to addressing Indigenous issues (connection) and manaakitanga (caring, lies within Indigenous communities,” she kindness, support). added. She reiterated the importance of using Indigenous knowledge as a foundation for informing health services’ structure to ensure the health system is responsive Why Dr Aly likes the roux en y gastric bypass Dr Ahmad Aly, address endless questions (around reflux weight loss at 10 years and only 3.5 per an Upper Gastro or uncertainty of oesophageal function as cent regained weight to within five per Intestinal surgeon at explained later) and it leaves nothing to cent of index weight.” Melbourne’s Austin chance—just like Jason.” Dr Aly added that while RYGB, like all Hospital, presented a He said the procedure had been around surgery, carries some risk it can be convincing argument since the 1960s, is backed up by plenty of effectively mitigated, and long-term to a captivated data and it is still here because it works. complications can be minimised with audience at the RACS Annual Scientific The bypass has been refined over the past attention to detail. Congress 2022 on why he likes the roux decades and the modern RYGB has existed en y gastric bypass (RYGB). Acknowledging some hyperbole in since the early 1990s. presenting his arguments for this session Dr Aly used facts, figures and a movie “It is still here because it works and in which several different operations clip—featuring Jason Bourne—to is the best performing of the non- were discussed, Dr Aly concluded, “All cheekily describe the RYGB as the “Jason malabsorptive weight loss procedures procedures have a place and we need to Bourne of Bariatric Surgery.” Alluding to offering the most durable long-term tailor each to the patient.” the movie clip, he made the comparison weight loss. A recent paper from JAMA saying: “It’s powerful, efficient and References Surgery1 found that 80 per cent of effective, and highly adaptable. It can patients who underwent gastric bypass Matthew L. Maciejewski, David E. Arterburn, Lynn Van Scoyoc,et al. Bariatric Surgery and Long-term Dura- solve simple (primary) or complex maintained 20–30 per cent total body bility of Weight Loss. JAMA Surg. 2016;151(11):1046- (revision) problems, it doesn’t need to 1055.
18 RACS ASC 2022
Surgical News | Volume 23 | Issue 3 19
20 Making media waves at the RACS ASC 2022 We present some interesting abstracts that generated media interest. Depressive symptoms occur in almost Dr Joshua Kovoor, a researcher, medical ensure it has good position and proper half of stoma surgery patients intern and PhD candidate with the shape. University of Adelaide said a patient’s “A preoperative visit from a stomal An Australian-first research has depressive state after stoma surgery therapist aids in both deciding the discovered depressive symptoms occur in could be linked to a few key factors. optimal position on the abdomen to almost half of stoma surgery patients. “After stoma surgery, many place the stoma and gives reassurance that help will be available in the post- The study, conducted by a team of patients struggle physically operative period to manage the stoma,” 17 medical professionals and health and mentally post-surgery, Professor Hewett said. researchers, led by Dr Joshua Kovoor and supervised by Professor Peter Hewett, especially with a loss of self, comprised a systematic review and meta- intimacy, and body image, Circumcision still common in private analysis aiming to characterise depressive in response to multiple hospitals, despite the procedure being symptoms after stoma surgery. banned in public hospitals psychological stressors,” Key findings included: Dr Kovoor said. A new study has revealed circumcision - overall prevalence of depressive “The research highlights how we can remains one of the most common symptoms in stoma patients after their improve care to stoma patients before surgeries performed in Australian private surgery was 41 per cent and after their surgery. hospitals, despite the procedure being - across the included longitudinal banned in public hospitals. studies, six-month postoperative “Stoma patients at risk of developing depressive symptoms should be identified The research by Dr Darshan Sitharthan prevalence was 39 per cent early, and have access to mental health and Keeththana Thayanantharajah - across the included longitudinal reports Australia’s circumcision rate has services, including psychologists and studies, 12-month postoperative fallen by 80 per cent in the past 40 years. psychiatrists to assist with their overall prevalence was 42 per cent care.” Key insights include: - patients with a stoma had significantly Professor Peter Hewett, RACS Fellow and - Male circumcision is an ancient practice higher rates and risk of depressive senior colorectal surgeon at The Queen that dates as far back as 10,000 BC. symptoms compared to patients Elizabeth Hospital said when forming undergoing surgery without stoma a stoma, the surgeon will take care to formation.
Surgical News | Volume 23 | Issue 3 21 - The total additional personal cost of A lack of plastic surgeons based in travel and accommodation to patients regional Victoria costing rural patients if they had to travel to a metropolitan millions of dollars - Following WWI, male circumcision was service over a two-year period was widely embraced by the Anglosphere $1,707,740 for those attending South Research has revealed a lack of plastic West Healthcare (Warrnambool), for medico-cultural reasons. and reconstructive surgeons based in and reaches $6.36 million over all the - Australia’s routine circumcision regional Victoria is costing rural patients health care services they operate in the rate peaked at 85 per cent between millions of dollars. south-west Victorian region. 1950–1980. The study—a two-year retrospective - Median travel distance was 28 km to - Due to a societal and cultural shift, the evaluation of patients who underwent the Warrnambool service compared 1980s saw circumcision rates fall to 15 a procedure at Warrnambool Plastic to 259 km to the nearest metropolitan per cent in Australia. & Reconstructive Surgery—by Dr Toby service. - Changes in political and culture Vinycomb, Dr Hanna Jones, Mr John Mr Toma, a RACS Fellow and a Plastic and sentiments saw the gradual Masters and Mr Robert Toma found there Reconstructive surgeon said regional and introduction of state level bans of is significant increase in personal cost for rural Victorian patients want to receive cosmetic circumcision. South Australia travel and accommodation required for treatment close to where they live. and Queensland were the first to strike rural patients to access specialist care. in 2007 with the rest of the states “What I would like to see is increased Background: following suit before the end of the funding to attract sub-specialty surgeons - 1860 patients in the study to regional areas of Victoria,” Mr Toma year. - 3.5 per cent of Victorian plastic and said. - In 2010 the Royal Australasian College reconstructive surgeons live and work “When I relocated to Warrnambool of Physicians released a statement, in regional or rural areas—to cover 23 a decade ago, there was a lack of which concluded the risks ‘do not per cent of the Victorian population understanding regarding services plastic warrant routine infant circumcision’. - Warrnambool is a two surgeon, one surgeons provided to the community. - Circumcision remains one of the most Fortunately, South West Healthcare, Trainee plastic surgery unit that common private surgeries performed in St John of God Hospital and Portland provides elective and emergency Australia, and the single most common Hospital saw the benefit and supported services to a population of 151,140 surgery performed worldwide. my decision. people and performs almost 2500 - Globally, approximately 39 per cent of operations a year. “Ten years on, the community is reaping males are circumcised. the rewards of that decision because Key findings include: - America’s circumcision rate is 81 per they don’t have to travel to Melbourne - Patients would pay on average at cent. for surgery and be thousands of dollars least an additional $1201 in travel worse off.” - Australia’s circumcision rate is and accommodation for common approximately 15 per cent. and necessary operations in travel to Dr Toby Vinycomb, a plastic surgery Melbourne. registrar said the research highlights Dr Sitharthan, a junior doctor, said the disparity of services available to despite the operation being banned in - Over a prospective four-week period, a Victorians based in rural areas of the public hospitals, it remains a common total saving of $245,000 was achieved state. procedure in private hospitals. in travel and accommodation cost by “Cultural and cosmetic reasons are 204 patients attending a rural service. driving the demand for circumcisions in - Savings did not factor in the increased private hospitals,” Dr Sitharthan said. cost of prolonged displacement to Melbourne on individual and family “Dad is circumcised, so he members and economic impact of wants the same for his son.” increased time off work. “Circumcisions in private hospitals cost - 51 per cent of patients would prefer to between $450 to $1600. Anecdotally, the travel an additional 30 minutes or more circumcision rate in regional and rural to go to a rural service than travel to Australia is a lot higher when compared to Melbourne. the capital cities too.” - 93 per cent of respondents felt it very important to have a rural plastic surgery service.
22 “Rural and regional Victorians population). generally earn less than those - The rate of CTR in males has nearly based in Melbourne and doubled over two decades (59.8 to 108.1 per 100,000 population). Geelong. However, they are - This increase is largely attributed to currently being asked to pay two age groups: 75 to 84 (+180 per more to access healthcare,” cent) and over 85 (+201 per cent). Dr Vinycomb said. - For females, the incidence has remained largely unchanged over the “Surgeons who train in rural and regional past 20 years, with a decline seen for areas of Victoria often want to return some age groups 45 to 54 (-32 per when their training is complete, however, cent) and 55 to 64 (-20 per cent). there needs to be appropriate funding to make it happen. Dr Arunan Jeyakumar, a surgical resident at Brisbane’s Princess Alexandra Hospital “It’s a win-win situation. There will be said CTR is one of the most performed more sub-specialty surgeons setting hand surgeries. The procedure aims to up shop throughout regional Victoria, treat Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS), a which in turn will drastically reduce the painful disorder of the hand caused by amount Victorians based outside the pressure on nerves that run through metro centres will have to pay to access the wrist. Anything that aggravates and healthcare.” inflames the tendons can cause CTS, including repetitive hand movements, Males more likely to suffer from Carpal pregnancy, and arthritis. Tunnel Syndrome “It’s a growing problem, with Breast reconstruction surgery post CTR surgery rates increasing mastectomy jumps 125 per cent in past A 20-year review of Carpal Tunnel Release decade (CTR) trends in Australia has revealed for by 30 per cent every year for the first time, males are more likely to the past 20 years,” suffer from Carpal Tunnel Syndrome than Exclusive research has discovered the Dr Jeyakumar said. national rate of breast reconstruction females, with the rate of CTR in males almost doubling in the past two decades. (BR) following mastectomy has jumped “Historically, CTS has been associated 125 per cent in the past decade. The research conducted by Dr Arunan with females—thought to be related Jeyakumar analysed Medicare data over to hormonal changes secondary to The study by Nirmal Dayaratna, Dr Chu the past 20 years. pregnancy and menopause. However, Luan Nguyen, Associate Professor Cindy the research unexpectedly revealed a Mak, Associate Professor Sanjay Warrier Key findings over the past 20 years and Dr Joseph Dusseldorp included significant increase in the number of include: patients who underwent mastectomy males requiring CTR surgery over the past - 302,211 CTR operations were 20 years,” Dr Jeyakumar said. with or without reconstruction for subsidised by Medicare Australia. invasive or in situ breast carcinoma from “Males are likely undertaking activities 2010 to 2019 in Australia and Aotearoa - CTR was most common among ages that require repeated movement of New Zealand. 55 to 64 for females and 65 to 74 for the wrist, which could include using a males. keyboard and mouse, machine work or Key findings include: - The yearly incidence of CTR has sports-related activities. - Women who underwent mastectomy increased by 30 per cent over the past “With the percentage of males requiring between 2010 and 2019 was 42,279. 20 years. CTR surgery trending up, it is important - The national BR rate over the 10-year - While females made most of the claims for the healthcare system to identify how study period was 21.46 per cent. (59.3 per cent) in 2020, the incidence they can allocate resources to meet the - The yearly rate had steadily increased for males has eclipsed females for the growing demand.” from 12.84 per cent in 2010 to 29.01 first time (108.2 vs 103.2 per 100,000 per cent in 2019.
Surgical News | Volume 23 | Issue 3 23 - All states and territories, except South Dr Dusseldorp, a RACS Fellow and “It’s important to acknowledge not Australia and the Northern Territory, Plastic and Reconstructive surgeon at every woman wants BR following a showed a steady increase in BR rate Chris O’Brien Lifehouse in Sydney said mastectomy, however, without analysis from 2010 to 2019. BR following mastectomy has proven, and knowing what the trends are, it is - The BR rate increased from 22 per positive quality-of-life benefits. impossible to make informed decisions cent to 41 per cent in Victoria, nine “The rise in uptake over the past decade about the allocation of health services per cent to 33 per cent in New South is encouraging. However, there is an and funding.” Wales, eight per cent to 20 per cent in ongoing need to address the barriers to Queensland, and 22 per cent to 28 per equitable access to BR,” he said. cent in Western Australia over the 10- “The rise in BR following mastectomy year study period. since 2010 is patient driven. - South Australia has had a relatively low BR throughout the 10-year study “There is a better period with a BR rate of eight per cent understanding of the surgery, identified in 2019. greater acceptance of the - BR was found to be significantly more procedure, and improved common in younger women, being access to support groups. most common between the ages of 40 and 54 and falling sharply from age 70 There are also more trained onwards. oncoplastic breast surgeons.” - The majority of BR was performed in private hospitals, except in South Australia, where most of the procedures occurred in the public setting over the 10-year study period. - 74 per cent of BR cases in New South Wales were performed in a private hospital in 2019. - 69 per cent of BR cases in Western Australia were performed in a private hospital in 2019. - 51 per cent of BR cases in Victoria were performed in a private hospital in 2019. - 52 per cent of BR cases in Queensland were performed in a private hospital in 2019. - Women living in metropolitan areas had a BR rate of 33 per cent and this rate falls sharply in regional and rural areas . - Hospitals in rural and remote areas have a lower BR rate compared to metropolitan areas.
24 Surgical competence – a surgeon’s perspective Abstract Even the most experienced and surgeons need to adapt in a fast- Throughout our lives we work in a safety conscious surgeon can make a changing, fiercely competitive digital fiercely competitive world for a living. mistake as revealed by Henry Marsh world. Competence matters more than ever in his scholarly article7. Surgeons Measuring competence before, especially in surgical practice. working at the coal face, often in Nevertheless, measuring competence Competence means the ability to make trying circumstances, may rightly feel and outcomes is a complex task. It decisions to do the tasks on hand exhausted and depressed leading to depends on the ability to collect accurate well—a lifelong process. ‘burn out’.8 meaningful data without any bias and Introduction In reference to surgical malpractice I confounding factors coupled with the The Oxford dictionary defines compete quote Sokol, ‘...The risk of being sued, ability to interpret and implement as to ‘take part in a contest’ and like surgical complications cannot be practical measures towards improving competence as ‘the ability or the state eliminated but it can be reduced’.9 the outcome. For surgical competence, of being competent’. But the origin of Against this backdrop a surgeon must colleges have embraced MALT (Morbidity the word ‘compete’ has nothing to do necessarily update their knowledge and and Audit Log Book Tool) combined with with competing against one another. skill base and be able to decide when SNOMEDCT (Systemised Nomenclature of ‘Compete’ comes from the Latin word to operate or when not to for the best Medicine Clinical Terms) as measurement competere—com (together) and petre possible care for the patient.10 tools among many other means for (aim at, seek). The Oxford English delivery of surgical care by surgeons, Dictionary defines the verb, which has its As surgery becomes increasingly collaborating with other disciplines modern origins in the 17th century, as ‘to specialised and multidisciplinary to the public at large—there being no seek together, to come together, agree, requiring teamwork, coupled with high certainty of the outcome .11-14 and be suitable’. expectations of the public at large, Nevertheless, in the real world we compete to gain access to the necessary knowledge to be licensed as practising surgeons for the health and wellbeing of patients, which is commercialised and governed by public and private bodies.2-5 ‘To err is human’; prevention is better than cure In reference to human factors training the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland states: ‘It has been estimated that only 25% of the important events that occur during a surgical procedure are related to manual or technical skills and that 75% relate to human factors such as decision-making, communications, teamwork and leadership’.6
Surgical News | Volume 23 | Issue 3 25 Continuous improvement without compromising the time available 10. Thomas WEG. Martin Allgower Lecture. Teaching and assessing surgical competence. Ann R Coll There needs to be continuous to do the actual work and earn a living. Surg Engl 2006 88:429-432 improvement in technology, processes, 11. Annual Report 2015 P-6-7, Royal College of and skill and expertise. This will enable Dr Ratnakar Bhattacharyya Surgeons of Australia and New Zealand, www. Surgeons.org Retired General Surgeon, a team to capture accurate meaningful 12. Mitchell DC, Spencer SA. Keeping the score. A Sydney, Australia. discussion of issues around data quality and data and be able to assess where case mix control. The Bulletin of RCS of England things went wrong (with resulting poor 98 issue 8 Sept 2016 pp.348-351 13. Frampton S, Moulds, A. Surgical outcomes: outcomes), why the error took place, and a Victorian viewpoint. Bull RCS Engl. 2015; how the situation can be improved. References 97:190-191 1. Sanders David: Competing together. The Bulletin 14. Verguet, S et al. Timing and cost of scaling up Everyone should be aware that ‘to err of RCS Eng., 100, 193, July 2018. DOI:10.1308/ surgical services in low –income and middle-in- rcsbull.2018.193 come countries from 2012 to 2030: a modelling is human’ and that no two patients, 2. Bhattacharyya R. Letter: Revalidation. Aust. study. Lancet Global Health 2015; 3(52):528-37 circumstances, their treating surgeons, Fam. Physician 2014; 43:343-44 15. Bhattacharyya Ratnakar Covid-19: a remote 3. Bhattacharyya R, Letter: Endoscopic large bal- assessment in primary care | The BMJ www.bmj. and the teams providing their care are loon sphincteroplasty is a useful, safe adjunct com › content › bmj.m1182 › rapid-responses the same. There is no perfect health for difficult to treat choledocholithiasis. ANZ May25, 2020 J.Surg. 2016;86:1068 16. AlHasan, AJMS. Bias in medical artificial intelli- service anywhere in the world.15-19 4. Bhattacharyya R: Publishing Ssmd: The Risks gence. Bull R C S Engl.2021; 103:302-305 Outweigh The Benefits: The Bulletin of RCS of 17. Milroy T, Bandler, Lion. Closing the Gap: where Conclusion England 98 issue 7 July 2016 pp. 281-281 DOI: to now? Med J Aust. 2021; 214:209-210. A career in surgery does carry risks, as http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsbull.2016.2815. 18. Editorial. Emergency Action to limit global tem- 5. Logan RL, Scott P J. Uncertainty in clinical prac- perature increases, restore biodiversity, and well as rewards, with happy outcomes tice: implications for quality and costs of health protect health.34(5):257-260 doi:10.25259/ and anyone wishing to be a surgeon care: Lancet 1996; 347:595-98 NMJI_706_21 6. Future of Surgery. Royal College of Surgeons 19. Crozier J. Data-Key to meeting road safety. will have to do whatever it takes to get England. Preparing the surgical workforce. P 68 - Surgical News 2022; 23:28 there. There is no one set of rules that https://futureofsurgery.rcseng.ac.uk/ 7. Marsh Henry. Better not look down. The Bulletin will apply everywhere and one should be of RCS of Engl.2015;97.229-342 able to give and take in an uneven world. 8. Dean, Erin. Burnout and surgeons. Bull R Coll Surg Engl. 2019; 101:134-136. Those measuring competence should be 9. Sokol. D. Surgical malpractice-the barrister’s able to demonstrate that current tools perspective. Ann R Col Surg Engl 2021:103:542- 543 of measurement lead to better outcomes in keeping with the demands of society ANZHNCS ASM 2022 26 - 28 August 2022 Gold Coast Convention and Exhibition Centre Gold Coast, Australia Program now available Evolving Paradigms in Evolving Paradigms in ANZHNCS Head and Neck Cancer ANZHNCS Head and Neck Cancer Registrations ASM 2022 ASM 2022 26 - 28 August 2022 26 - 28 August 2022 Gold Coast Convention and Exhibition Gold Coast Convention and Exhibition Centre Gold Coast, Australia Centre Gold Coast, Australia Provisional Program Provisional Program (cont’d) Provisional Program correct at the time of publication (April 2022). However, the organising committee Sunday 28 August 2022 reserve the right to change the program without notice. The concurrent session topics will be cover 8:00am - 10:00am Concurrent Session 10A the following topics: (exact topics to be Friday 26 August 2022 Saturday 27 August 2022 Registration is currently open. Concurrent Session 10B finalised by the organising committee) 8:00am - 10:00am Opening/Session 1 7:30am - 9:00am Breakfast Session 5 10:00am - 10:30am Morning tea with the industry 1. Slip, slop, slap: Cutaneous malignancy Meeting Welcome “Breakfast With The Authors” update Dr Sam Dowthwaite Review of de-intensification trials 10:30am - 12:00pm Session 11 2. Head and Neck Reconstruction in OPSCC: ORATOR / NRG / 3. Foundational sciences Chris O’Brien Oration Keynote Lecture: Role of the PATHOS To register and to view the provisional Scapula in Head and Neck 4. Nutritional / functional outcomes in head Dr Ben Panizza Reconstruction and neck cancer Keynote Lecture: Neoadjuvant 9:00am - 10:00am Session 6 5. Contemporary skull base management Dr John Yoo Therapy in the Management of Keynote Lecture: Functional 6. OPSCC / HPV - a new look Advanced Sinonasal and Skull outcomes for people undergoing Keynote Lecture: Value Based 7. Regional / rural cancer care services Base Cancers reconstructive surgery for oral Health Care Delivery in Head and 8. Salivary gland pathology: An update program, visit www.anzhncs.org. Dr Ehab Hanna cancer and osteoradionecrosis Neck Cancer 9. Allied health / nursing care utilising an early, post-operative Dr Ehab Hanna 10. TORS - Evolving paradigms Keynote Lecture: Contemporary Management of the Paralysed feeding approach (does what it Multidisciplinary Tumour Board Face says on the tin) Dr John Yoo Dr Justin Roe Keynote Lecture: De- 10:00am - 10:30am Morning tea with the industry intensification of Therapy in HPV-Associated Oropharyngeal 10:30am - 12:00pm Concurrent Session 2A Better HMEs deliver better Carcinoma: Is there an End Concurrent Session 2B clinical outcomes* Game? 12:00pm - 1:00pm Lunch with the industry Dr Sue Yom Closure of Early Registration Provox Life™ system 1:00pm - 2:30pm Concurrent Session 3A 10:00am - 10:30am Morning tea with the industry Concurrent Session 3B *Longobardi Y, et al. Optimizing Pulmonary Outcomes after total Laryngectomy: Crossover Study on New Heat and Moisture Exchangers. 10:30am - 12:00pm Concurrent Session 7A Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. March 22 2:30pm - 3:00pm Afternoon tea with the industry Concurrent Session 7B Monday 18 July 2022 3:00pm - 4:30pm Session 4 12:00pm - 1:00pm Lunch with the industry Keynote Lecture: 12:00pm - 1:00pm ANZHNCS AGM Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in 2022: A Rapidly Shifting 1:00pm - 2:30pm Concurrent Session 8A Landscape Concurrent Session 8B Dr Sue Yom 2:30pm - 3:00pm Afternoon tea with the industry Keynote Lecture: From Parotid Sparing to Swallow Sparing 3:00pm - 4:30pm Session 9 Radiation Therapy - How Are We Multidisciplinary Tumour Board Doing? Dr Justin Roe Debate 2: “Regional versus Metropolitan Cancer Care Debate 1: “Choose Your Weapon!” Services” Is there a Difference? Surgery versus Non-surgery in the Management of Head and 7:00pm - 10:30pm Meeting Dinner info.au@atosmedical.com Neck Cancer 6:00pm - 8:00pm Welcome Reception 6 7 Chris O’Brien Keynote Speakers Orator Dr Ehab Hanna Dr Justin Roe Dr Sue Yom Dr John Yoo Dr Ben Panizza Houston, USA London, UK San Francisco, USA London, Canada Brisbane www.anzhncs.org
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