Traffic Rules - Brussels Airport
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Brussels Airport Handbook
Traffic Rules
© Brussels Airport Company V21.02 1
Traffic Rules 18/06/2021
Brussels Airport Handbook
Contents
Changes to the Traffic Rules ............................................................................................ 7
Indications of the Changes ........................................................................................... 7
Procedure concerning the changes .............................................................................. 7
General safety principles ............................................................................................................. 9
Airport badge and driving licence .................................................................................... 9
Enforcement .................................................................................................................... 9
Personal safety .............................................................................................................. 10
Smoking and drinking .................................................................................................... 11
Damage or injury ........................................................................................................... 11
Traffic rules airside .................................................................................................................... 13
Basic principles .............................................................................................................. 13
Speed-limits................................................................................................................... 14
Signs and markings airside ............................................................................................. 15
Service drive with single white line (edge line) ........................................................... 16
Intersection of a service-drive with a taxiway or taxilane ........................................... 16
Mandatory stop ......................................................................................................... 17
“Aircraft crossing” (Priority aircrafts) – mandatory stop............................................. 17
Special hazard sign / marking..................................................................................... 18
Service drive Stopbar ................................................................................................. 19
Markings on the apron .................................................................................................. 20
Stand numbering ....................................................................................................... 21
Markings on a stand .................................................................................................. 21
Cargo Pre-positioning area: White dots ..................................................................... 24
Right of way................................................................................................................... 25
Marshallers.................................................................................................................... 26
Vehicle movements and parking .................................................................................... 26
Parking ...................................................................................................................... 28
Service-drives ............................................................................................................ 30
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Maneuvering area ..................................................................................................... 33
Runway safety areas .................................................................................................. 34
Safety areas and distances around aircraft .................................................................... 34
Safety area around parked aircraft (engines not running) .............................................. 35
Anti-collision lights .................................................................................................... 39
Pedestrians and two-wheeled vehicles airside ............................................................... 39
Vehicles and equipment ............................................................................................................ 41
Identifiability ................................................................................................................. 41
Cleaning and maintenance ............................................................................................ 42
Type approval and certification ..................................................................................... 42
Storage of equipment .................................................................................................... 43
Access passes and permits ............................................................................................. 45
Requests for access passes ........................................................................................ 45
Accompanied access .................................................................................................. 46
Unregistered vehicles .................................................................................................... 46
Slow Vehicles ............................................................................................................. 47
Samples ......................................................................................................................... 47
Exceptional conditions .............................................................................................................. 50
Diplomatic courier ......................................................................................................... 50
Apron Warning system .................................................................................................. 50
High winds ..................................................................................................................... 51
Thunder and lightning ................................................................................................... 52
Freezing conditions, winter operations .......................................................................... 52
Reduced visibility ........................................................................................................... 52
Hazardous materials ...................................................................................................... 53
Fuelling/defueling.......................................................................................................... 54
Environmental impact ................................................................................................... 54
Infrastructure ............................................................................................................................ 55
Boarding bridges............................................................................................................ 55
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Emergency stop buttons for boarding bridges ........................................................... 56
Docking Guidance System (DGS) .................................................................................... 58
Emergency stop (aircraft stop) buttons ...................................................................... 58
Hydrant refuelling system (HRS) .................................................................................... 60
Collection points for Cargo, Mail and Baggage found on the tarmac. ............................. 61
Temporary storage for (technically) defect equipment .................................................. 62
Foreign Object Debris – FOD ..................................................................................................... 63
Airport Driving license ............................................................................................................... 65
Categories ..................................................................................................................... 66
Conditions ..................................................................................................................... 67
Issue .............................................................................................................................. 67
Validity ...................................................................................................................... 68
Loss or theft............................................................................................................... 68
Class A license ............................................................................................................... 68
Class B license................................................................................................................ 69
Sanctions .................................................................................................................................. 70
Categories of offence..................................................................................................... 70
Methods of determining speeding ................................................................................. 71
Measures in case of violations of speeding limits ........................................................... 71
Procedures related to all other traffic offences .............................................................. 72
Appeal procedure .......................................................................................................... 73
Definitions................................................................................................................................. 74
Important telephone numbers .................................................................................................. 78
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Context – why these rules exist
To improve traffic-safety and encourage correct and responsible driving airside, Brussels
Airport Company (BAC) has drawn up the rules contained in this document. Provisions to
enforce the rules have also been put in place.
Everyone driving a vehicle airside (without a follow-me) is expected to be familiar with
these rules and is required to hold an airside driving license. The use of vehicles airside is
to be kept to the minimum in line with operational requirements.
All access of persons, goods and / or vehicles to airside must comply with current airport
security laws and the airport traffic rules described below.
These rules are included in the Brussels Airport Handbook and everyone can consult
these:
• on Brussels Airport Company web-site www.brusselsairport.be
• on the Safety Management Unit web-site www.brusafety.be
If there is more than one interpretation between different language versions of these
rules, the Dutch version shall prevail.
These traffic-rules have been drawn up to comply with the following regulations:
• articles 30 and 31 of the Royal Decree of 27 May 2004, which concerns the
transformation of the Brussels International Airport Company (B.I.A.C.) into a
“naamloze vennootschap van privaat recht” and the airport infrastructure
• article 7,3° of the Royal Decree of 21 June 2004, which awards the operating
license for Brussel-Nationaal airport to B.I.A.C.;
• the Resolution of 31 March 2006, by the Regulatory Service for Rail Traffic and the
operation of Brussel-Nationaal airport, which defines the Conditions of Use for the
airport infrastructure and the additional provisions for making these conditions
known.
• AI SOP Active controls and enforcement on Brussels Airport airside related rules,
regulations, and procedures
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Changes to the Traffic Rules
The Traffic Rules are updated on a regular basis. An overview of these changes can be
found in the change log below. Each new publication has its own version number.
Changes to the document will be necessary in the following cases:
• Changes in the national and international laws, as well as the rules concerning
safety in general and specifically safety at the airport.
• Important changes concerning the procedures, employees, equipment, and
facilities.
The changes in the traffic rules will be communicated on the OAM forum, the Apron
Safety Committee and the Safety Bulletins.
Indications of the Changes
When there is a change, it is easy to identify it and see what has been changed since the
last publication by:
New text or update
The new and the adapted texts will be highlighted in green.
Texts no longer valid
The texts which is no longer valid will be highlighted in gray and struck through.
A summary of the changes (Change log) of each version give an overview of all the
changes made.
Procedure concerning the changes
Any change to the traffic rules will be made on request and under the responsibility of
the Head of Aerodrome Operations. The changes will be executed by himself or a
member of his staff. This staff member is identified by his/her initials as indicated in the
change log.
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Change log traffic rules
Nr Text reference Change Experts Tick correct box
date Initials
area deleted new Update
1 2.5 Personal Safety 28/04/2021 WGE / JLP X
2 3.23.13 addition text + 28/04/2021 WGE / JLP X
photo vehicles ACIC “Life
animal care center”
3 4.8 vehicles on gas 28/04/2021 WGE / JLP X
4 4.16 vehicles 28/04/2021 WGE / JLP X
unattended
5 P67 drivers license – 28/04/2021 WGE / JLP X
update text
6 P69 drivers license – 28/04/2021 WGE / JLP X
addition flowchart
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General safety principles
Topics
In this chapter:
Airport badge and driving licence ................................................................................................ 9
Enforcement ............................................................................................................................... 9
Personal safety.......................................................................................................................... 10
Smoking and drinking ................................................................................................................ 11
Damage or injury ....................................................................................................................... 11
Airport badge and driving licence
Everyone using a vehicle airside must:
2.1
• Hold an airport badge or a temporary access permit, clearly visible whenever the
holder is airside (including the baggage-sorting hall, which is considered as airside).
2.2
• A currently valid class A airport driving license.
• All airside movements should be duty related and begin or end at airside. All
movements which can be performed landside may not be executed via airside.
Enforcement
BAC Airside Inspection is responsible for supervising airside traffic (including the
controlled parts of the perimeter road). This department has the authority to halt airside
traffic, change the regulations or take special measures in exceptional circumstances.
2.3
Instructions given by Airside Inspection must be followed even if they conflict with these
Rules.
2.4
All identity-cards, access permits and airport driving licenses required when driving
airside must immediately be shown to Airside Inspection staff upon request. All
authorized personnel requesting these documents will identify him or herself.
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Anyone who doesn’t have his or her airside driving license immediately available must
present it to Airside Inspection for inspection at the start of his or her next shift or
working day, otherwise their access badge will be blocked.
Infringements of the Airside Traffic Rules will be recorded by Airside Inspection, and
administrative measures may be taken as a result.
Personal safety
2.5
Staff working (or in a vehicle) airside must wear high-visibility clothing with yellow, red or
orange reflective and fluorescent material according to EN ISO standard 20471 (class 2)
covering at least over the upper body. This also applies to:
• the baggage-sorting hall, which is considered as airside
• Air-crew, except during accompanied transfer between crew-bus and aircraft.
Large groups of visitors who are accompanied airside can be exempted from this rule if
permission is granted by Airside Inspection.
Fluorescent jacket and clearly visible airport badge
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Smoking and drinking
2.6
Smoking or igniting fire is forbidden airside, even inside vehicles and mobile equipment
2.7
It is forbidden to drive a vehicle or other mobile equipment under the influence of
alcohol, anesthetics, sleeping-pills, other substances (for example, recreational or
prescription drugs) or medication that could have an impact on driving or endanger
other airport users. This is also applicable to persons working on airside without
necessarily driving a vehicle or other mobile equipment.
Anyone with a blood-alcohol level of more than 0.5 mg per liter is considered as under
the influence of alcohol.
Damage or injury
2.8
In the interests of airport safety, Airside Inspection must be notified immediately of any
collision with aircraft or any incident causing damage (however minor) to an aircraft
2.9
Airside Inspection must be notified immediately of any accidents that involve casualties,
or that cause damage to airport infrastructure owned or operated by BAC.
Airside Inspection +32 2 753 69 00
Each stakeholder must assure their staff works safely.
In case of an accident and/or incident the handler will perform an extensive
investigation on the cause of this accident / incident. The report must be sent
spontaneously to the H&S department of BAC.
BAC reserves the right to audit. In case of negligence, BAC may take the necessary
measures at the expense of the involved stakeholder.
2.10
Anyone involved in any of aforementioned accidents, including any witnesses, must
remain at the scene until Airside Inspection arrives to make a report, and subsequently
identify themselves and their role.
If a witness needs to leave the scene because of urgent commitments, he or she may
leave the scene with the permission of the person writing the report. After conclusion of
these commitments, the witness must return and log a report with Airside Inspection.
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2.11
Requests for urgent medical assistance must be reported to the number 02 753 63 63.
Fire & Emergency Services are responsible for the response co-ordination. If an
ambulance/ MUG (paramedics) is/are required, Fire & Emergency Services is responsible
for the emergency call. Airside Inspection will provide the escort for the ambulance(s).
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Traffic rules airside
Topics
In this chapter:
Basic principles.......................................................................................................................... 13
Speed-limits .............................................................................................................................. 14
Signs and markings airside ........................................................................................................ 15
Markings on the apron .............................................................................................................. 18
Right of way .............................................................................................................................. 24
Marshallers ............................................................................................................................... 26
Vehicle movements and parking ............................................................................................... 26
Safety zones and distances round aircraft ................................................................................. 34
Pedestrians and two-wheeled vehicles airside .......................................................................... 39
Basic principles
3.1
The principles of the “Algemeen reglement op de politie van het wegverkeer” (General
regulations for road traffic – Royal Decree of 1/12/1975) remain applicable, unless these
Airside Traffic Rules divert from them. In this chapter references are made to speed
limits, road markings… specific to airside traffic.
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Speed-limits
The following speed-limits apply:
3.2
• the maximum speed allowed on the perimeter road is 50 km/h
3.3
• the maximum speed allowed on the service-drives is 30 km/h
3.4
• the maximum speed allowed on the aircraft stand service-drives is 5 km/h
3.5
• the maximum speed allowed on the stands is 5 km/h
3.6
• the maximum speed allowed when reversing is 5 km/h
3.7
• the maximum speed allowed in the baggage sorting room is 5 km/h
Electrical vehicles entering the bag rooms must be equipped with an automatic speed
limit system. The requirements are described in the corresponding terms of use and
published in the BHB.
3.8
• Observations of dangerous driving such as excessive speed at locations deemed
dangerous (non-exhaustive examples: in the vicinity of aircraft stands, exits of the
baggage sorting area…) or driving in a dangerous way unsuitable for the type of
vehicle used (non-exhaustive example: turning too fast with a cart train leading to
tipping over carts) are unacceptable and considered serious breaches of these
traffic rules.
Airside Inspection is authorized to carry out speed-checks, according to agreed
procedures, and these checks can lead to the suspension of an airside driving license or
other measures deemed necessary. These checks can be performed by means of
speedguns or determining the speed by following the vehicle.
These speed limits do not apply to vehicles of the safety and emergency services
vehicles when their priority lights (blue lights) are on.
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Signs and markings airside
The following colors are used for road-markings:
• WHITE for markings related to safe vehicle traffic and parking on aprons
• YELLOW for markings related to safe aircraft traffic (centerline for taxiways and
markings on the stands)
• RED for markings indicating a possible danger
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Double white line (edge line)
3.9
Crossing this line is prohibited unless permitted by Airside Inspection and/or ATC
Service drive with single white line (edge line)
3.10
Crossing this line is only allowed to reach a destination outside the service drive; vehicles
must cross this line as close as possible to said destination
Intersection of a service-drive with a taxiway or taxilane
3.11
Where a service-drive intersects with a taxiway or a taxilane the edge line of the
service-drive is marked with a checkered line. Crossing this line is forbidden.
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Mandatory stop
3.12
Drivers must come to a complete stop before passing any Stop sign.
“Aircraft crossing” (Priority aircrafts) – mandatory stop
3.13
At certain locations airside warning signs have been installed to warn drivers to be extra
vigilant for moving aircraft and to respect the priority rules for aircraft.
Even when no aircraft is visible, drivers must come to a complete stop before passing
any Aircraft Priority sign.
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Special hazard sign / marking
3.14
This special hazard sign indicates locations where jetblast from aircraft may occur.
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Service drive Stopbar
3.15
A service drive stopbar is a system of red beacons integrated in the service drive
pavement and may be lit permanent or temporary.
It is at all times strictly prohibited to cross a lit service drive stopbar and an alternative
route must be chosen.
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Markings on the apron
Pier A
service-drive next to Pier A
service-drive on Apron
Fig. 1. Markings on the apron
❖ Diagram showing stands 159-161 on Pier A, with one service drive in front of the stands and
one behind them
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Stand numbering
stand numbers for
vehicles
taxiway centre-line and
stand numbers for
aircraft
Fig. 2. Stand numbering for vehicles and aircraft
Markings on a stand
Fig. 3. Markings on a stand
Legend
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1. The area with red diagonal pattern is the operating area of the boarding bridge:
parking and waiting are forbidden here (ref point 3.24.1)
2. The yellow line is the centerline pilots follow to park an aircraft
3. The white-red-white line is a safety line that marks the limits of the equipment
staging area
Equipment staging area: white-red-white
The equipment staging area is the area between the white edge line of the service-drive
and the white-red-white stand safety line.
3.16
Equipment required for handling an aircraft may be brought here, no more than twenty
minutes before the aircraft is due to arrive. The equipment must be removed as soon as
the handling activities are completed – this is not a parking area.
On Apron 51c (power-in / power-out stands) areas are painted in broken white / red
lines for prepositioning chocks and cones 20’ before the aircraft is due to arrive. The
area must be cleared as soon as the handling activities are completed. This is not an
equipment parking area.
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On the staging area of certain stands areas have been painted with GSE identifications
(e.g. stairs, GPU, …). These areas are to be used for the pre-positioning of such
equipment before the arrival of the flight only and in accordance with the terms of use
of the staging areas
3.16 bis staging area op apron 9
1. Equipment can be positioned in staging area’s as from 60 minutes before arrival and
must be removed at the latest at 30 minutes after departure of the aircraft.
2. Between rotations serviced by the same handling agent on the same stand, equipment
can remain in the staging area (front of the stand) to prepare for a next rotation. After the
last rotation by the same handling agent on the same stand, equipment must be removed
within 30 minutes after departure of the aircraft.
Equipment parking area: white
3.17
Areas defined by a full white line and a textbox mentioning to which airport user this
area is assigned to. The parking boxes without textbox are free to park for all airport
users. It is not allowed to park in assigned parking places by other parties.
Equipment parking area next to safety line: double white line
3.18
Where an equipment parking area is next to a safety line, a second white line is added.
There is no restriction on parking in an equipment parking area.
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Equipment Parking Area
In the equipment areas an additional textbox in green with the text “Equipment parking
area” is added. Keeping privative areas free of FOD and snow / ice is the responsibility of
the party to whom these areas are allocated.
Cargo Pre-positioning area: White dots
3.18 bis
On apron 9, next to normal staging areas, also cargo pre-positioning areas are provided.
These can only be found on wide-body stands. These areas may only be used for pre-
positioning cargo and mail destined for the handling of wide-body aircrafts. These areas
are characterized by cornered line pieces on the corners of the area and with short lines
along the edges (+/- every 10 cm) (see image below). Pre-positioning equipment is
forbidden in these areas. The areas must be cleared directly after aircraft departure.
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Aircraft stand service drive
3.19
An aircraft stand service-drive is a service-drive where the edge lines feature
triangular markings as shown in the image below.
An aircraft stand service-drive may only be used for traffic heading towards or
returning from an adjacent aircraft stand. No through-traffic is allowed. Fuel trucks
are exempt from this rule.
The speed limit on an aircraft stand service-drive is 5km/h.
Right of way
3.20
Absolute priority must be given to moving aircraft (towed, pushed or moving under their
own power) and to any aircraft with its anti-collision lights on.
General airside traffic must also give way to the following, in descending order of
importance:
3.20.1
• To help- and rescue-service vehicles if their blue flashing lights and/or sirens are on
3.20.2
• To security service vehicles and marshallers’ vehicles if their yellow flashing lights
are on
3.20.3
• To passengers on foot
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3.20.4
• To vehicles already present on aprons if coming from the maneuvering area
3.20.5
• To vehicles already present on the service-drive if coming from the aprons
Marshallers
3.21
No-one may block the line of sight between pilot and marshaller while the marshaller is
giving signals.
3.22
When marshalling activity happens on a service-drive, the marshaller must park his
vehicle diagonally across the service-drive. All traffic on that service-drive must stop
until the marshalling activity is completed. It is strictly forbidden to drive behind the
marshaller whilst performing marshalling duties
Vehicle movements and parking
3.23
Everyone driving airside must do so avoiding endangering anyone including one-self.
Special attention must be paid to aircraft leaving or approaching their stand.
3.23.1
Reversing is only allowed where driving forward is impossible
3.23.2
Driving over any hose (for example, fire-hose or PCA connector) or cable is forbidden.
Special attention must be paid to cables hanging from boarding bridges.
3.23.3
Drivers must make sure the way is clear before moving and must be aware of the height
of the vehicle where clearance is limited.
3.23.4
When reversing, vehicles with limited visibility (because of dimensions or construction)
must be fitted with adequate visible and audible warnings; alternatively, they must be
accompanied by a second person who stands out of the path of the vehicle and remains
in eye-contact with the driver.
3.23.5
Tow-trucks may not start towing (or preparing to tow) an aircraft until its anti-collision
lights are on.
3.23.6
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Vehicles over 3.5 m high must have a reminder of their height visible to the driver in the
drivers’ cabin.
3.23.7
Before moving drivers must ensure that all loads are securely protected and no baggage,
loose plastic strips, ropes, planks or similar might fall off during transport. Freight may
only be carried in vehicles approved and fitted for freight-transport.
3.23.8
A towing-truck must not haul more than 6 units (trolleys, carts, dollies or trailers). The
total length of a towing-train (tractor/towing-truck and units) must not exceed 30 m.
3.23.9
People may only be transported in passenger-vehicles
3.23.10
At all times, loaded baggage-carts must be kept closed (whether in use or parked)
3.23.11
Each time carts or trailers are not connected, its drawbar must be raised to the upright
position.
3.23.12
It is forbidden to transport baggage on top of carts or ULD’s.
The transport of baggage on top of or in (open) vehicles is only allowed when enough
protection such as adequate railings is present to prevent baggage from falling down.
3.23.13
• Live animals such as pets or assistance animals may only be transported in suitable
carts. The cages must be stowed in such a way that these will stay in the upright
position during the transport to and from the aircraft.
• Weather conditions shall be taken into consideration when transporting these
animals and any necessary measures must be taken to guarantee the wellbeing of
the animals.
• Live animals shall not remain in the carts longer than the time necessary to
transport these to their destination on the airport.
• A specific area for carts with live animals is available under the Connector. The
terms of use are published in the BHB. Each use of this area must be reported to
Airside Inspection.
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• This waiting bay can also be used by personnel of ACIC (Animal and Care Inspection
Center) for the duration of the collection of animals in the baggage reclaim hall.
Their vehicles are clearly marked with the ACIC logo.
3.23.14
It is forbidden to drive underneath the moveable parts of boarding bridges.
3.23.15
The use of trunking while driving is equal to using a portable telephone. The rules are
included in the general regulations on road-traffic stated below:
• Except if his/her vehicle is stationary or parked, the driver may not use a hand-
held portable telephone. (excluding emergency and rescue services during urgent
interventions)
• Using a hand-held portable telephone or trunking is therefore prohibited while
driving. (excluding emergency and rescue services during urgent interventions)
Parking
Parking is forbidden:
3.24.1
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• on areas marked with red or white diagonal lines
Exception: Aircraft maintenance company vehicles may be parked on areas marked
with red diagonal lines on an aircraft stand if maintenance work is required on the
aircraft engines. This is strictly limited to the duration of the maintenance.
3.24.2
• over fuel-pits and valve-rooms for the hydrant refuelling system (HRS)
Fig. 4. Fuel-pit
3.24.3
• in front of emergency exits
3.24.4
• in front of doors, gates and steps used by passengers or air-crew, except for buses
while passengers and air-crew are (de-)boarding
3.24.5
• if it forces other vehicles to reverse; special attention must be paid to fuel-supply
trucks
Other restrictions that apply:
3.24.6
Vehicles and handling equipment may only be parked in clearly-marked parking areas.
3.24.7
On stands, vehicles and handling equipment should be parked in such a way they can
leave their parking place without the need to reverse
3.24.8
Vehicles parked with engines running to pressurize hydraulic/pneumatic systems must
use hand-brake, outriggers (stabilisers) or blocks to prevent movement
3.24.9
Keys of unattended vehicles must always be removed. Exceptions are slow vehicles as
indicated in art. 4.18
3.24.10
Vehicles with running engines may not be left unattended.
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Service-drives
3.25
The service-drives are roadways on an apron, marked by single, solid white lines and
reserved for safe movement of vehicles and ground equipment. They must always be
used.
3.25.1
The service drives situated behind the aircraft stands, indicated in orange on the
pictures below, are forbidden for:
• cars
• minivans
• Delivery vans
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Apron 3
Fig. 5. Pier A – Pier B
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Fig. 6. Apron 60
These service drives have been painted with prohibition signs as shown below.
Fig. 7. Prohibition sign for cars, delivery vans and minibuses
3.25.2
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Fig. 1. Apron 9
On Apron 9 the service drive behind the aircraft stands is uniquely reserved for fuel
trucks
3.26
Exceptionally vehicles too big to use service drives may drive at their own responsibility
outside the service drives if this doesn’t endanger aircraft or other road-users.
3.27
When driving to a destination outside the service drives, drivers must follow the service-
drives to the shortest possible distance from their destination. Only when they reach
this point may they cross the solid, single line marking the edge of the service-drive.
3.28
Where a service-drive crosses a taxiway, drivers must never hinder an approaching
aircraft or bring in it in danger.
Maneuvering area
3.29
No-one may drive a vehicle on the maneuvering area without permission from ATC.
Anyone entering the area is obliged to follow the instructions from ATC and must stay in
permanent radio-contact with ATC.
3.30
Every vehicle moving on the maneuvering area without a follow-me vehicle must be
painted yellow and equipped with yellow flashing lights. Two exceptions apply:
• Help- and emergency services vehicles belonging to the airport fire squad must
be painted red and equipped with blue flashing lights
• Push-back vehicles and towing vehicles are exempt from this rule; they must,
however, always take the shortest possible route when leaving the maneuvering
area
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Traffic Rules 18/06/2021Brussels Airport Handbook
3.31
Flashing lights must be turned on so that vehicles can easily be tracked by ATC.
3.32
To drive on the maneuvering area, drivers must hold a class B airport driving licence (see
“Driving-licence classes”) or be accompanied:
• By a follow-me car in radio contact with ATC
• In case of Winter Operations, by a convoy leader who holds a class B airport
driving licence and is in radio contact with ATC
Runway safety areas
3.33
Runway safety areas are identified by:
• markings
• signs
• stop bars
Crossing a lit stop-bar is absolutely forbidden.
Safety areas and distances around aircraft
BAC has included this section in the airside traffic rules because of the danger to vehicles
that jet-blast and suction represent. Observing the advised minimum distance from
aircraft reduces the risk of related incidents and accidents.
When running, aircraft engines have an impact on their surroundings because of blast
(thrust) and suction. Special attention is required when using vehicles close to aircraft
with engines running.
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When driving a vehicle on a service drive, it is prohibited to overtake a taxiing aircraft on
a parallel taxiway.
The use of PED (Personal Electronic device; cell phone, trunking, tablets, laptop with a
network connection,...during fueling, within the safety perimeter of 3m around the
hydrant pit, hydrant dispenser hoses, refueling and vent pipes, is forbidden.
Safety area around parked aircraft (engines not running)
The safety area extends at least 4.5 meters from the outline of the aircraft. Only vehicles
strictly required for handling duties and passenger busses are allowed in this area.
Fig. 2. Safety area surrounding parked aircraft
3.34
Except for ground-staff who connect the external power supply to the aircraft and place
chocks under the nose-wheel, no-one may approach an aircraft (on foot or with any
vehicle) before the engines have been shut down and the anti-collision light is off.
3.35
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Driving under the wings or body of an aircraft is forbidden unless necessary for handling
activities.
3.36
Every vehicle must come to a complete stand-still (safety stop) before entering the
safety area surrounding an aircraft; this reduces the risk of a collision with the aircraft if
the brakes fail.
3.37
No motorised vehicles may come within 4.5 m of an aircraft, except for passenger
busses and specific handling vehicles (meaning vehicles with fixed connection to the
aircraft). In these case the vehicles must be accompanied by a second person, unless
they are equipped with special equipment (meaning with a glass front, a transparent
roof-light or a wide-angle camera and monitor).
3.38
While an aircraft is entering its stand : chocks & cones will be put ready for use outside
the safety area, thus inside the staging area- 400Hz-cable may be unrolled if the plug is
retained by a person situated outside the safety area. The cable lies before stop position
1 to avoid being driven over by the aircraft. (Only applicable on stands with 400Hz-pits).
As soon as the aircraft has made a complete stop and the foreman gives the signal; place
chocks at the nose gear and connect 400Hz cable including 400Hz support strap. The
order in which this happens can be subject of discussion between handler and airline.
BAC does not give any guidelines concerning this.
As soon as all engines are shut down and the anti-collision lights are off: all other
personnel and equipment are authorized in the safety area.
3.38.1
Safety cones and wheel chocks shall be used and placed in the following manner:
Safety Cones:
Safety Cones as shown in the picture below may only be used for securing an aircraft
and may not be removed from the stand. Any inappropriate use of or damage to these
cones must be reported to Airside Inspection.
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Narrow body aircraft need to be secured using at least 5 safety cones (of which 2 cones
must be placed at the aircrafts wingtips, at least 2 marking the engines and 1 cone at the
aircraft tail).
Wide body aircraft are to be secured with safety cones placed at all engines, both
wingtips and at the aircraft tail.
Aircraft Wheel Chocks:
At least 2 wheel units need to be secured by means of aircraft wheel chocks. For safety
reasons, propeller engine aircraft are exempt from this rule where only the nose gear
needs to be secured.
All safety cones and aircraft wheel chocks need to be stored correctly after use. Cones
and chocks may not be removed from the aircraft stand for where they are foreseen and
intended to be used.
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3.38.2 Parking of GSE beyond the wingtip
It is not allowed to park vehicles or GSE in a red area beyond the wing tip of an aircraft, except
for the cargo pre-positioning area as stated in Article 3.18 (only on Apron 9).
Safety areas for aircraft with motors running
Fig. 3. Safety areas for jet-engined aircraft
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3.39
It is forbidden to enter the safety area of an aircraft with engines running.
The safety area extends to:
• Minimum 7.5 meters in front of the running engine of an aircraft standing still.
• Minimum 75 meters behind the running engine of an aircraft standing still.
• Minimum 125 meters behind the running engine of a taxiing aircraft
• Minimum 7.5 meters from the wing tips of a taxiing aircraft.
3.40
When crossing in front of an approaching aircraft, the vehicle must be at least 200
meters away from the aircraft.
Anti-collision lights
3.41
Every aircraft moving on the movement area must turn on its anti-collision lights, during
the day as well as at night. "Moving” covers taxiing, being towed, or temporarily at a
stand-still during taxiing or towing.
Pedestrians and two-wheeled vehicles airside
3.42
Pay particular attention to pedestrians.
3.42.1
There must be a distance of at least 1 meter between moving vehicles and pedestrians.
3.42.2
Pedestrians must stay on the marked footpaths and pedestrian-crossings.
3.42.3
Where there is no footpath, pedestrians must keep to the left-hand side of the road
(facing oncoming traffic) and walk in a single file
3.42.4
Pedestrians must not cross aprons
3.42.5
Pedestrians may not use the parts of the service drive that intersect with a taxiway or
taxilanes. These intersections are marked with a checkered line on the edge of the
service drive.
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3.42.6
Passengers must always be accompanied by staff from a handling company or an airline.
3.42.7
It is forbidden to walk between connected trailers except for personnel of ground
handling services who use these ULD’s and trailers for operational reasons. Always
respect operational procedures.
3.43
Using a bicycle, a step, a moped/scooter or motorcycle airside is forbidden, with the
exception of police motorcycles on official business. These must always use the shortest
available route.
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Vehicles and equipment
Topics
In this chapter
Identifiability ............................................................................................................................. 41
Cleaning and maintenance ........................................................................................................ 42
Type approval and certification ................................................................................................. 42
Storage of equipment ............................................................................................................... 43
Access passes and permits ........................................................................................................ 45
Unregistered vehicles ................................................................................................................ 46
Samples .................................................................................................................................... 47
Identifiability
4.1
Every vehicle used or intended to be used airside must be clearly identifiable at a
distance. This applies to both non-registered as registered vehicles with a permanent
permission to access the airside (red sticker).
Only exception: vehicles from protocol are exempt of identification.
4.1.1
All vehicles must display the company name or some other identifying mark (for
example a logo) on both sides of the vehicle on a central and sufficient visible location.
This identifying mark must be registered with Airside Inspection.
Magnetic plates for vehicles with a permanent permit to drive on airside are only
allowed for security services (Fed Pol, state security, customs and El Al security).
The only exception are vehicles possessing provisional permission to access airside
(orange card / vignette), in which case identification is as follows:
• Magnetic plates with the company name on both sides of the vehicle on a central
and sufficient visible location;
• A printed A3 or A4 size paper with the company name and attached behind the
side windows on both sides of the vehicle, provided the windows are not tinted. If
the windows are tinted, identification will have to be attached to the outside of
the windows.
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4.1.2
The letters and/or logo must be at least 10 cm in size.
4.1.3
All trailers (eg. Dolleys) must be clearly identifiable by means of painted corners and
markings allowing easy identification of the owner.
Cleaning and maintenance
4.2
Both drivers and owners must ensure their vehicles and mobile equipment is properly
maintained and tested, following manufacturer instructions. Any vehicle or mobile
equipment that may present a risk to traffic safety must immediately be taken out of
service.
4.3
All vehicles and mobile equipment must be correctly maintained. It must be washed
regularly, and repainted when necessary. All motorised vehicles used inside aircraft
safety areas need to be fitted with reflectors or reflective tape showing their outline.
4.4
All motorised vehicles must be equipped with lighting, in accordance with the applicable
European guidelines (CEN standards).
Type approval and certification
4.5
Registered equipment and vehicles must undergo technical inspection according
legislations and regularly checked according manufacturer instructions.
4.6
Unregistered mobile equipment and vehicles must be maintained by the responsible
company according to an agreed maintenance schedule.
4.7
Inspection records must be provided to Airside Inspection on request.
4.8
Gas-powered vehicles are allowed airside under condition that these vehicles are never
used in closed buildings, including the baggage rooms.
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The storage of gas (compressed or not) airside must be approved by the following
departments of BAC:
• Safetymanagement
• Fire department
• Environmental department
• Airside Inspection
Storage of equipment
4.9
Hoses, or cables (for example, PCA and 400Hz.) as well as cones, chocks and other
equipment must be stored correctly after use.
Fig. 4. Equipment storage area at Pier A
The PCA boxes under the BB at the Pier B are not meant to be used as storage area for
the cones and chocks. Concrete blocks at the Pier B were installed to correctly store the
cones and chocks.
Fig. 5. Storage area for cones and chocks at Pier B
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Special storage areas for cones and chocks are provided on the remote stands.
Fig. 6. Storage area for cones and chocks – remote stands
4.10
400 Hz pits must be kept closed when not in use.
4.11
Tools, equipment or vehicles must be placed in a way to prevent any risk of rolling or
being blown away.
4.12
Containers must always be anchored, or stored within the container area as follows:
• On a trailer
• On a ULD stacker system
• Tied together with a rope (this is only allowed in a ULD area equipped with Heras
fencing.)
4.13
Where a handler or contractor does not act on a request from Airside Inspection to
remove an obstruction, Airside Services will have the obstruction removed at the
expense of the handler, owner or contractor concerned. The person concerned will be
notified and may submit a request for the return of the item(s) involved; the related
costs will have to be paid, and there will be an administrative surcharge. Items that have
not been claimed within 3 months of the notification can be sold as scrap.
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Access passes and permits
4.14
Using private vehicles or vehicles of a private nature is not permitted except in very
exceptional circumstances. Determining this is assessed by the committee indicated for
this purpose.
Every permitted vehicle brought or used airside must have an access pass. This pass
must be clearly visible from outside the vehicle, as explained on the back of the pass.
The BAC driver licenses service issues five types of access pass/permit for vehicles:
• Red access pass for airside only. Access passes for unregistered vehicles can be
restricted to a specific area, if required.
• Red / blue access pass for access to airside and the curb arrival.
• White/yellow access pass for unregistered vehicles.
• Orange access permit for temporary access to non-public areas of the airport
• To access the perimeter road, the vehicle needs to be registered.
Requests for access passes
Access passes must be requested at least 24h in advance during working days by
submitting the appropriate request-form to the BAC driver licenses service.
The request must be signed by the company representative known to the driver licenses
service as responsible for access permits.
In case of carrying out works for BAC or another company based at the airport which
involves access to non-public areas of the airport, the request must be submitted by the
BAC-employee responsible for these works.
Only one access pass can be requested per form. Each request must be accompanied by
a photocopy of the vehicle registration document and of the insurance policy covering
the vehicle. For coaches and buses a photocopy of the operating license is also required,
plus a copy of the global insurance where applicable.
Every access pass or temporary access permit is issued for a fixed period. The maximum
period is one calendar year, except for:
• yellow/white access passes, valid for 5 years
• orange cards / vignets, temporary access permits valid for a maximum of one
month
If an access pass is lost, a new pass can be issued after the loss has been declared in
writing and a new request has been submitted. There is a fixed administrative charge for
the new pass.
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If an access pass needs to be replaced for another reason, for example fitting a new
windscreen, the replacement will only be issued after the original pass has been
presented.
4.15
If a vehicle and/or its access pass is stolen, the driver licenses service must be informed
immediately.
The administrative charge set by BAC must be paid before an access pass is issued. The
list of charges can be consulted at the driver licenses service.
Accompanied access
4.16
People and vehicles without a valid access pass or permit must be accompanied by a
follow-me vehicle (to be requested from Airside Inspection) or by someone responsible
for their presence airside who holds a valid airport driving licence.
However, these vehicles must also have been provided with the necessary identification
(whether permanent or not) on both sides of the vehicle.
Vehicles without a valid pass must not be left unattended on airside and must be
accompanied continuously on airside by a follow me vehicle with a valid pass and by a
driver with a valid driver’s license.
4.16.1
Vehicles entering airside must wait in the “follow-me waiting areas” near the WP
Tarmac and the WP Hangar 40 on the follow-me vehicle for further escort. These
“follow-me waiting areas” are easily recognized by the following traffic sign and
marking.
Unregistered vehicles
All unregistered vehicles must:
4.17
• have a sign at the back, where the number-plate would normally be, identifying
the owner by the company name or logo and the fleet-number of the vehicle
© Brussels Airport Company V21.02 46
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