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DIGITAL 2019
      THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
ALL THE DATA AND TRENDS YOU NEED TO UNDERSTAND INTERNET,
SOCIAL MEDIA, MOBILE, AND E-COMMERCE BEHAVIOURS IN 2019
DIGITAL 2019                                                      DIGITAL 2019
                                                                            GLOBAL DIGITAL YEARBOOK
         ALL THE DATA AND TRENDS YOU NEED TO UNDERSTAND INTERNET,
         SOCIAL MEDIA, MOBILE, AND E-COMMERCE BEHAVIOURS IN 2019            ESSENTIAL DIGITAL DATA FOR EVERY COUNTRY IN THE WORLD

  CLICK HERE TO READ OUR DIGITAL 2019                               CLICK HERE TO READ OUR DIGITAL 2019
 GLOBAL OVERVIEW REPORT, WITH MORE                                    GLOBAL DIGITAL YEARBOOK, WITH
 THAN 200 PAGES OF ESSENTIAL CHARTS                                   ESSENTIAL HEADLINE DIGITAL DATA
AND INSIGHTS FROM AROUND THE WORLD                                   FOR EVERY COUNTRY IN THE WORLD
CLICK THE LINKS BELOW TO ACCESS OUR IN-DEPTH LOCAL REPORTS
GLOBAL OVERVIEW                 BOTSWANA               DJIBOUTI            GUINEA          LESOTHO          NEPAL                  ST. KITTS & NEVIS              TAJIKISTAN
DIGITAL YEARBOOK                BRAZIL                 DOMINICA            GUINEA-BISSAU   LIBERIA          NETHERLANDS            ST. LUCIA                      TANZANIA
ABKHAZIA                        BRITISH VIRGIN IS.     DOMINICAN REP.      GUYANA          LIBYA            NEW CALEDONIA          ST. MARTIN                     THAILAND
AFGHANISTAN                     BRUNEI                 ECUADOR             HAITI           LIECHTENSTEIN    NEW ZEALAND            ST. PIERRE & MIQUELON          TIMOR-LESTE
ÅLAND IS.                       BULGARIA               EGYPT               HONDURAS        LITHUANIA        NICARAGUA              ST. VINCENT & THE GRENADINES   TOGO
ALBANIA                         BURKINA FASO           EL SALVADOR         HONG KONG       LUXEMBOURG       NIGER                  SAMOA                          TOKELAU
ALGERIA                         BURUNDI                EQUATORIAL GUINEA   HUNGARY         MACAU            NIGERIA                SAN MARINO                     TONGA
AMERICAN SAMOA                  CABO VERDE             ERITREA             ICELAND         TFYR MACEDONIA   NIUE                   SÃO TOMÉ & PRÍNCIPE            TRANSNISTRIA
ANDORRA                         CAMBODIA               ESTONIA             INDIA           MADAGASCAR       NORFOLK IS.            SAUDI ARABIA                   TRINIDAD & TOBAGO
ANGOLA                          CAMEROON               ESWATINI            INDONESIA       MALAWI           NORTHERN MARIANA IS.   SENEGAL                        TUNISIA
ANGUILLA                        CANADA                 ETHIOPIA            IRAN            MALAYSIA         NORWAY                 SERBIA                         TURKEY
ANTIGUA & BARBUDA               CAYMAN IS.             FALKLAND IS.        IRAQ            MALDIVES         OMAN                   SEYCHELLES                     TURKMENISTAN
ARGENTINA                       CENTRAL AFRICAN REP.   FAROE IS.           IRELAND         MALI             PAKISTAN               SIERRA LEONE                   TURKS & CAICOS IS.
ARMENIA                         CHAD                   FIJI                ISLE OF MAN     MALTA            PALAU                  SINGAPORE                      TUVALU
ARUBA                           CHILE                  FINLAND             ISRAEL          MARSHALL IS.     PALESTINE              ST. MAARTEN                    UGANDA
AUSTRALIA                       CHINA                  FRANCE              ITALY           MARTINIQUE       PANAMA                 SLOVAKIA                       UKRAINE
AUSTRIA                         CHRISTMAS IS.          FRENCH GUIANA       JAMAICA         MAURITANIA       PAPUA NEW GUINEA       SLOVENIA                       U.A.E.
AZERBAIJAN                      COCOS (KEELING) IS.    FRENCH POLYNESIA    JAPAN           MAURITIUS        PARAGUAY               SOLOMON IS.                    U.K.
BAHAMAS                         COLOMBIA               GABON               JERSEY          MAYOTTE          PERU                   SOMALIA                        U.S.A.
BAHRAIN                         COMOROS                GAMBIA              JORDAN          MEXICO           PHILIPPINES            SOUTH AFRICA                   U.S. VIRGIN IS.
BANGLADESH                      DEM. REP. OF CONGO     GEORGIA             KAZAKHSTAN      MICRONESIA       PITCAIRN IS.           SOUTH SUDAN                    URUGUAY
BARBADOS                        REP. OF CONGO          GERMANY             KENYA           MOLDOVA          POLAND                 SPAIN                          UZBEKISTAN
BELARUS                         COOK IS.               GHANA               KIRIBATI        MONACO           PORTUGAL               SRI LANKA                      VANUATU
BELGIUM                         COSTA RICA             GIBRALTAR           NORTH KOREA     MONGOLIA         PUERTO RICO            SUDAN                          VATICAN
BELIZE                          CÔTE D’IVOIRE          GREECE              SOUTH KOREA     MONTENEGRO       QATAR                  SURINAME                       VENEZUELA
BENIN                           CROATIA                GREENLAND           KOSOVO          MONTSERRAT       RÉUNION                SVALBARD & JAN MAYEN           VIETNAM
BERMUDA                         CUBA                   GRENADA             KUWAIT          MOROCCO          ROMANIA                SWAZILAND                      WALLIS & FUTUNA
BHUTAN                          CURAÇAO                GUADELOUPE          KYRGYZSTAN      MOZAMBIQUE       RUSSIAN FEDERATION     SWEDEN                         WESTERN SAHARA
BOLIVIA                         CYPRUS                 GUAM                LAOS            MYANMAR          RWANDA                 SWITZERLAND                    YEMEN
BONAIRE, ST. EUSTATIUS & SABA   CZECH REP.             GUATEMALA           LATVIA          NAMIBIA          ST. BARTHÉLEMY         SYRIA                          ZAMBIA
BOSNIA & HERZEGOVINA            DENMARK                GUERNSEY            LEBANON         NAURU            ST. HELENA             TAIWAN                         ZIMBABWE
GLOBAL OVERVIEW
5
JAN                DIGITAL AROUND THE WORLD IN 2019
2019               THE ESSENTIAL HEADLINE DATA YOU NEED TO UNDERSTAND GLOBAL MOBILE, INTERNET, AND SOCIAL MEDIA USE

            TOTAL                                   UNIQUE                                       INTERNET                              ACTIVE SOCIAL                   MOBILE SOCIAL
         POPULATION                               MOBILE USERS                                     USERS                                MEDIA USERS                     MEDIA USERS

       7.676                                      5.112                                   4.388                                      3.484                             3.256
          BILLION                                    BILLION                                   BILLION                                   BILLION                        BILLION
        URBANISATION:                               PENETRATION:                              PENETRATION:                              PENETRATION:                    PENETRATION:

            56%                                       67%                                        57%                                       45%                           42%
    SOURCES: POPULATION: UNITED NATIONS; U.S. CENSUS BUREAU. MOBILE: GSMA INTELLIGENCE. INTERNET: INTERNETWORLDSTATS; ITU; WORLD BANK; CIA WORLD FACTBOOK; EUROSTAT;
6   LOCAL GOVERNMENT BODIES AND REGULATORY AUTHORITIES; MIDEASTMEDIA.ORG; REPORTS IN REPUTABLE MEDIA. SOCIAL MEDIA: PLATFORMS’ SELF-SERVE ADVERTISING TOOLS; PRESS
    RELEASES AND INVESTOR EARNINGS ANNOUNCEMENTS; ARAB SOCIAL MEDIA REPORT; TECHRASA; NIKI AGHAEI; ROSE.RU. (ALL LATEST AVAILABLE DATA IN JANUARY 2019).
JAN                ANNUAL DIGITAL GROWTH
2019               THE YEAR-ON-YEAR CHANGE IN KEY STATISTICAL INDICATORS

            TOTAL                                   UNIQUE                                       INTERNET                              ACTIVE SOCIAL                    MOBILE SOCIAL
         POPULATION                               MOBILE USERS                                     USERS                                MEDIA USERS                      MEDIA USERS

    +1.1%                                     +2.0%                                      +9.1%                                     +9.0%                               +10%
     JAN 2018 – JAN 2019                       JAN 2018 – JAN 2019                       JAN 2018 – JAN 2019                        JAN 2018 – JAN 2019                JAN 2018 – JAN 2019

     +84 MILLION                              +100 MILLION                              +367 MILLION                              +288 MILLION                         +297 MILLION

    SOURCES: POPULATION: UNITED NATIONS; U.S. CENSUS BUREAU. MOBILE: GSMA INTELLIGENCE. INTERNET: INTERNETWORLDSTATS; ITU; WORLD BANK; CIA WORLD FACTBOOK; EUROSTAT;
7   LOCAL GOVERNMENT BODIES AND REGULATORY AUTHORITIES; MIDEASTMEDIA.ORG; REPORTS IN REPUTABLE MEDIA. SOCIAL MEDIA: PLATFORMS’ SELF-SERVE ADVERTISING TOOLS; PRESS
    RELEASES AND INVESTOR EARNINGS ANNOUNCEMENTS; ARAB SOCIAL MEDIA REPORT; TECHRASA; NIKI AGHAEI; ROSE.RU. (ALL LATEST AVAILABLE DATA IN JANUARY 2019).
JAN               INTERNET PENETRATION BY REGION
2019              INTERNET USE BY REGION, COMPARING THE NUMBER OF INTERNET USERS TO TOTAL POPULATION (REGARDLESS OF AGE)

                                                                                               NORTHERN
                                                                                                EUROPE               EASTERN
                                                                                                                     EUROPE
                                                                                                  95%
                                      NORTHERN
                                       AMERICA
                                                                                                                      80%
                                         95%                                WESTERN
                                                                             EUROPE      94%               88%                      50%       CENTRAL
                                                                                                                                              ASIA
                                                                                                         SOUTHERN
                                                                                                          EUROPE                                            60%    EASTERN
                                                                                                                                                                   ASIA
                                                       CARIBBEAN                NORTHERN
                                                                                   AFRICA      50%                        66%
                                          63%             51%                                             MIDDLE
                                                                                                                        WESTERN
                                                                                                                         ASIA
                                                                                                                                          42%
                                                                                                          AFRICA                       SOUTHERN
                                        CENTRAL
                                        AMERICA                                             41%                                          ASIA

                                                                                          WESTERN          12%                                             63%     SOUTH-EASTERN
                                                                                                                                                                   ASIA
                                                                                           AFRICA

                                                                73%                                                   32%       EASTERN
                                                                                                                                AFRICA
                                                             SOUTHERN
                                                              AMERICA
                                                                                                          51%                                                                69%
                                                                                                       SOUTHERN                                                           OCEANIA
                                                                                                        AFRICA

    SOURCES: INTERNETWORLDSTATS; ITU; WORLD BANK; CIA WORLD FACTBOOK; LOCAL GOVERNMENT BODIES AND REGULATORY AUTHORITIES; MIDEASTMEDIA.ORG; REPORTS IN REPUTABLE
8   MEDIA. NOTE: PENETRATION FIGURES ARE BASED ON TOTAL POPULATION, REGARDLESS OF AGE. REGIONS AS DEFINED BY THE UNITED NATIONS GEOSCHEME.
JAN                SOCIAL MEDIA PENETRATION BY REGION
2019               BASED ON MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS OF THE MOST ACTIVE PLATFORMS IN EACH COUNTRY / TERRITORY, COMPARED TO TOTAL POPULATION

                                                                                                   NORTHERN
                                                                                                    EUROPE                EASTERN
                                                                                                                          EUROPE
                                                                                                      67%
                                        NORTHERN
                                         AMERICA
                                                                                                                            48%
                                           70%                                  WESTERN
                                                                                 EUROPE       53%                58%                       16%       CENTRAL
                                                                                                                                                     ASIA
                                                                                                              SOUTHERN
                                                                                                               EUROPE                                               70%    EASTERN
                                                                                                                                                                           ASIA
                                                          CARIBBEAN                 NORTHERN
                                                                                       AFRICA       40%                         54%
                                            62%              46%                                                MIDDLE
                                                                                                                              WESTERN
                                                                                                                               ASIA
                                                                                                                                                 24%
                                                                                                                AFRICA                        SOUTHERN
                                          CENTRAL
                                          AMERICA                                               12%                                             ASIA

                                                                                              WESTERN            7%                                                61%     SOUTH-EASTERN
                                                                                                                                                                           ASIA
                                                                                               AFRICA

                                                                   66%                                                       8%       EASTERN
                                                                                                                                      AFRICA
                                                                SOUTHERN
                                                                 AMERICA
                                                                                                               38%                                                                   57%
                                                                                                            SOUTHERN                                                              OCEANIA
                                                                                                             AFRICA

    SOURCES: LATEST DATA PUBLISHED BY SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS VIA PRESS RELEASES, INVESTOR EARNINGS ANNOUNCEMENTS, AND IN SELF-SERVE ADVERTISING TOOLS; ARAB SOCIAL
9   MEDIA REPORT; TECHRASA; NIKI AGHAEI; ROSE.RU; KEPIOS ANALYSIS. NOTE: PENETRATION FIGURES ARE BASED ON TOTAL POPULATION, REGARDLESS OF AGE. REGIONS AS DEFINED BY THE
    UNITED NATIONS GEOSCHEME.
JAN                     SOCIAL PLATFORMS: ACTIVE USER ACCOUNTS
 2019                    BASED ON MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS, USER ACCOUNTS, OR UNIQUE VISITORS TO EACH PLATFORM, IN MILLIONS

           FACEBOOK                                                                                                                                                                         2,271
            YOUTUBE                                                                                                                                                             1,900
           WHATSAPP                                                                                                                                  1,500
       FB MESSENGER                                                                                                                  1,300
     WEIXIN / WECHAT                                                                                                1,083
         INSTAGRAM                                                                                          1,000
                  QQ                                                                        803
              QZONE                                                    531
     DOUYIN / TIKTOK                                                 500
         SINA WEIBO                                            446
               REDDIT                                   330
              TWITTER                                   326
             DOUBAN                                    320
          LINKEDIN**                                  303
         BAIDU TIEBA*                                300
               SKYPE*                                300                                                                                                                 SOCIAL NETWORK
         SNAPCHAT**                                 287
               VIBER*                             260                                                                                                                    MESSENGER / VOIP
            PINTEREST                            250
                  LINE                     194

        SOURCES: KEPIOS ANALYSIS; LATEST COMPANY EARNINGS RELEASES, PRESS RELEASES OR MEDIA STATEMENTS; REPORTS IN REPUTABLE MEDIA (ALL UP TO JAN 2019). *ADVISORY: PLATFORMS
10      IDENTIFIED BY (*) HAVE NOT PUBLISHED UPDATED USER FIGURES IN THE PAST 12 MONTHS, SO FIGURES MAY BE LESS RELIABLE. **NOTES: THESE PLATFORMS DO NOT PUBLISH MAU DATA.
        LINKEDIN FIGURE IS BASED ON MONTHLY UNIQUE WEBSITE VISITORS IN DEC 2018, VIA SIMILARWEB. SNAPCHAT FIGURE EXTRAPOLATED FROM DATA REPORTED IN TECHCRUNCH (JUN 2017).
JAN                  TOP SOCIAL MESSENGERS AROUND THE WORLD
 2019                 THE MOST POPULAR MESSENGER APP BY COUNTRY / TERRITORY IN DECEMBER 2018

     WHATSAPP (133)

     FACEBOOK MESSENGER (75)

     VIBER (10)

     IMO (3)

     LINE (3)

     TELEGRAM (3)

     WECHAT (3)

     GOOGLE MESSAGES (1)

     HANGOUTS (1)

     KAKAOTALK (1)

     ZALO (1)

     UNKNOWN (11)

     SOURCE: BASED ON SIMILARWEB’S ALGORITHM INTEGRATING CURRENT INSTALLS FROM THE GOOGLE PLAY STORE WITH ACTIVE APP USERS (DECEMBER 2018).
11   NOTE: FIGURES IN PARENTHESES IN THE LEGEND REPRESENT THE NUMBER OF COUNTRIES / TERRITORIES IN WHICH EACH PLATFORM IS THE TOP-RANKED MESSENGER APP.
JAN                 SOCIAL MEDIA AUDIENCE PROFILE
 2019                BASED ON THE COMBINED ADVERTISING AUDIENCES OF FACEBOOK, INSTAGRAM, AND FACEBOOK MESSENGER

                                                                             19%
                                                                                                                                                                              FEMALE
                                              16%                                                                                                                             MALE

                                                                13%
                                 11%

                                                                                                             9%
                                                                                                7%

                                                                                                                               5%           5%
                4%
     3%                                                                                                                                                       3%         3%
                                                                                                                                                                                     2%     2%

       13 – 17                      18 – 24                        25 – 34                        35 – 44                         45 – 54                        55 – 64                65+
     YEARS OLD                     YEARS OLD                      YEARS OLD                      YEARS OLD                       YEARS OLD                      YEARS OLD            YEARS OLD

12   SOURCE: EXTRAPOLATED FROM FACEBOOK DATA (JANUARY 2019); KEPIOS ANALYSIS. NOTE: FACEBOOK DOES NOT PUBLISH AUDIENCE DATA FOR GENDERS OTHER THAN ‘MALE’ OR ‘FEMALE’.
JAN                MOBILE CONNECTIVITY BY REGION
 2019               THE NUMBER OF MOBILE SUBSCRIPTIONS COMPARED TO TOTAL POPULATION (NOTE: NOT UNIQUE USERS)

                                                                                                 NORTHERN
                                                                                                  EUROPE               EASTERN
                                                                                                                       EUROPE
                                                                                                   120%
                                        NORTHERN
                                         AMERICA
                                                                                                                        154%
                                          105%                                WESTERN
                                                                               EUROPE      116%              132%                     103%       CENTRAL
                                                                                                                                                 ASIA
                                                                                                           SOUTHERN
                                                                                                            EUROPE                                             111%    EASTERN
                                                                                                                                                                       ASIA
                                                         CARIBBEAN                NORTHERN
                                                                                     AFRICA      102%                       101%
                                            96%             73%                                              MIDDLE
                                                                                                                          WESTERN
                                                                                                                           ASIA
                                                                                                                                             91%
                                                                                                             AFRICA                       SOUTHERN
                                          CENTRAL
                                          AMERICA                                             86%                                           ASIA

                                                                                            WESTERN           53%                                            129%      SOUTH-EASTERN
                                                                                                                                                                       ASIA
                                                                                             AFRICA

                                                                 109%                                                    62%       EASTERN
                                                                                                                                   AFRICA
                                                               SOUTHERN
                                                                AMERICA
                                                                                                           162%                                                                  108%
                                                                                                         SOUTHERN                                                             OCEANIA
                                                                                                          AFRICA

     SOURCE: GSMA INTELLIGENCE (Q4 2018); KEPIOS ANALYSIS. NOTE: REGIONS AS DEFINED BY THE UNITED NATIONS GEOSCHEME. ADVISORY: MOBILE SUBSCRIPTIONS DO NOT REPRESENT
13   UNIQUE INDIVIDUALS, SO FIGURES OVER 100% INDICATE MULTIPLE MOBILE SUBSCRIPTIONS PER PERSON. REGIONS AS DEFINED BY THE UNITED NATIONS GEOSCHEME.
THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
14
JAN                THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
 2019               THE ESSENTIAL HEADLINE DATA YOU NEED TO UNDERSTAND MOBILE, INTERNET, AND SOCIAL MEDIA USE

             TOTAL                                   MOBILE                                       INTERNET                              ACTIVE SOCIAL                   MOBILE SOCIAL
          POPULATION                              SUBSCRIPTIONS                                     USERS                                MEDIA USERS                     MEDIA USERS

       143.9                                     248.2                                      109.6                                     70.00                             57.75
           MILLION                                   MILLION                                   MILLION                                    MILLION                        MILLION
         URBANISATION:                             vs. POPULATION:                             PENETRATION:                              PENETRATION:                    PENETRATION:

             75%                                      172%                                        76%                                       49%                           40%
     SOURCES: POPULATION: UNITED NATIONS; U.S. CENSUS BUREAU. MOBILE: GSMA INTELLIGENCE. INTERNET: INTERNETWORLDSTATS; ITU; WORLD BANK; CIA WORLD FACTBOOK; EUROSTAT;
15   LOCAL GOVERNMENT BODIES AND REGULATORY AUTHORITIES; MIDEASTMEDIA.ORG; REPORTS IN REPUTABLE MEDIA. SOCIAL MEDIA: PLATFORMS’ SELF-SERVE ADVERTISING TOOLS; PRESS
     RELEASES AND INVESTOR EARNINGS ANNOUNCEMENTS; ARAB SOCIAL MEDIA REPORT; TECHRASA; NIKI AGHAEI; ROSE.RU. (ALL LATEST AVAILABLE DATA IN JANUARY 2019).
JAN                ANNUAL DIGITAL GROWTH
 2019               THE YEAR-ON-YEAR CHANGE IN KEY STATISTICAL INDICATORS

             TOTAL                                   MOBILE                                       INTERNET                              ACTIVE SOCIAL                    MOBILE SOCIAL
          POPULATION                              SUBSCRIPTIONS                                     USERS                                MEDIA USERS                      MEDIA USERS

     -0.03%                                      -0.8%                                     -0.4%                                     +3.3%                              +3.3%
      JAN 2018 – JAN 2019                       JAN 2018 – JAN 2019                       JAN 2018 – JAN 2019                        JAN 2018 – JAN 2019                JAN 2018 – JAN 2019

     -47 THOUSAND                                 -2 MILLION                          -459 THOUSAND                                   +2 MILLION                         +2 MILLION

     SOURCES: POPULATION: UNITED NATIONS; U.S. CENSUS BUREAU. MOBILE: GSMA INTELLIGENCE. INTERNET: INTERNETWORLDSTATS; ITU; WORLD BANK; CIA WORLD FACTBOOK; EUROSTAT;
16   LOCAL GOVERNMENT BODIES AND REGULATORY AUTHORITIES; MIDEASTMEDIA.ORG; REPORTS IN REPUTABLE MEDIA. SOCIAL MEDIA: PLATFORMS’ SELF-SERVE ADVERTISING TOOLS; PRESS
     RELEASES AND INVESTOR EARNINGS ANNOUNCEMENTS; ARAB SOCIAL MEDIA REPORT; TECHRASA; NIKI AGHAEI; ROSE.RU. (ALL LATEST AVAILABLE DATA IN JANUARY 2019).
JAN                OVERVIEW: POPULATION & ECONOMY
 2019               ESSENTIAL DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS

               TOTAL                                     FEMALE                                      MALE                                ANNUAL CHANGE                        MEDIAN
            POPULATION                                 POPULATION                                 POPULATION                            IN POPULATION SIZE                     AGE

           143.9                                    53.5%                                      46.5%                                    -0.03%                               39.6
             MILLION
              URBAN                             GDP PER CAPITA (PPP)                           OVERALL LITERACY                           FEMALE LITERACY                   MALE LITERACY
            POPULATION                      (CURRENT INTERNATIONAL $)*                        (ADULTS AGED 15+)                          (ADULTS AGED 15+)                (ADULTS AGED 15+)

             75%                                 $25,533                                        100%                                       100%                            100%
     SOURCES: UNITED NATIONS; U.S. CENSUS BUREAU; WORLD BANK; IMF; UNESCO; UNICEF; CIA WORLD FACTBOOK; PEW RESEARCH (ALL LATEST DATA AVAILABLE IN JANUARY 2019). *NOTE:
17   ‘INTERNATIONAL DOLLARS’ ARE NOTIONAL MEASURES THAT PROVIDE A CONSISTENT BASIS FOR COMPARISON. AN ‘INTERNATIONAL DOLLAR’ WOULD BUY A COMPARABLE AMOUNT OF
     GOODS AND SERVICES IN THE CITED COUNTRY THAT A U.S. DOLLAR WOULD BUY IN THE UNITED STATES.
JAN                DEVICE USAGE
 2019               PERCENTAGE OF THE ADULT POPULATION* THAT USES EACH KIND OF DEVICE [SURVEY-BASED]

                    MOBILE PHONE                                            SMART                                      LAPTOP OR DESKTOP                                      TABLET
                     (ANY TYPE)                                             PHONE                                          COMPUTER                                           DEVICE

                       97%                                                61%                                               68%                                             28%
                       TELEVISION                                DEVICE FOR STREAMING                                         E-READER                                       WEARABLE
                       (ANY KIND)                               INTERNET CONTENT TO TV                                         DEVICE                                       TECH DEVICE

                       92%                                                  3%                                                4%                                             3%
     SOURCE: GOOGLE CONSUMER BAROMETER (COLLECTED JANUARY 2018). *NOTE: PLEASE SEE THE NOTES AT THE END OF THIS REPORT FOR MORE DETAILS OF HOW GOOGLE DEFINES
18   'ADULT POPULATION'. ADVISORY: GOOGLE HAS NOT UPDATED ITS CONSUMER BAROMETER DATA SINCE OUR 2018 REPORTS, BUT WE BELIEVE THAT THE DATASET STILL OFFERS REPRESENTATIVE
     INSIGHTS INTO DIGITAL BEHAVIOURS IN THE FEATURED MARKETS.
JAN                TIME SPENT WITH MEDIA
 2019               AVERAGE DAILY TIME SPENT CONSUMING AND INTERACTING WITH MEDIA [SURVEY BASED]

            AVERAGE DAILY TIME                                   AVERAGE DAILY TIME                         AVERAGE DAILY TV VIEWING TIME                                AVERAGE DAILY TIME
              SPENT USING THE                                   SPENT USING SOCIAL                             (BROADCAST, STREAMING                                     SPENT LISTENING TO
          INTERNET VIA ANY DEVICE                               MEDIA VIA ANY DEVICE                           AND VIDEO ON DEMAND)                                       STREAMING MUSIC

                                                                                                        global
                                                                                                        web
                                                                                                        index

           6H 29M                                              2H 16M                                              2H 50M                                                0H 38M

     SOURCE: GLOBALWEBINDEX (Q2 & Q3 2018). FIGURES REPRESENT THE FINDINGS OF A BROAD SURVEY OF INTERNET USERS AGED 16-64. TIMES ARE DAILY AVERAGES, REPORTED IN HOURS
19   AND MINUTES. NOTE: SOME ACTIVITIES MAY TAKE PLACE CONCURRENTLY.
INTERNET USE
20
JAN                INTERNET USE: DEVICE PERSPECTIVE
 2019               BASED ON ACTIVE INTERNET USER DATA, AND ACTIVE USE OF INTERNET-POWERED MOBILE SERVICES

                TOTAL NUMBER                                    INTERNET USERS AS                                     TOTAL NUMBER                                 MOBILE INTERNET USERS
                  OF ACTIVE                                      A PERCENTAGE OF                                    OF ACTIVE MOBILE                                 AS A PERCENTAGE
               INTERNET USERS                                   TOTAL POPULATION                                     INTERNET USERS                                OF TOTAL POPULATION

                                                                                                       global
                                                                                                       web
                                                                                                       index

              109.6                                                  76%                                            92.02                                                64%
                  MILLION                                                                                                MILLION

     SOURCES: INTERNETWORLDSTATS; ITU; WORLD BANK; CIA WORLD FACTBOOK; LOCAL GOVERNMENT BODIES AND REGULATORY AUTHORITIES; MIDEASTMEDIA.ORG; REPORTS IN REPUTABLE
21   MEDIA. MOBILE SHARE DATA: GLOBALWEBINDEX (Q2 & Q3 2018); AND EXTRAPOLATIONS OF DATA PUBLISHED BY THE WORLD’S LARGEST SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS VIA EARNINGS RELEASES
     AND SELF-SERVE ADVERTISING TOOLS. GLOBALWEBINDEX FIGURES REPRESENT THE FINDINGS OF A BROAD SURVEY OF INTERNET USERS AGED 16-64.
JAN                INTERNET USERS: DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES
 2019               DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES ON THE NUMBER OF INTERNET USERS, FROM SOME OF THE WORLD’S MOST COMPREHENSIVE STUDIES

                    INTERNET                                   ITU (INTERNATIONAL                                    WORLD     CIA WORLD
                   WORLD STATS                            TELECOMMUNICATION UNION)                                   BANK      FACTBOOK

              109.6                                               109.4                                             109.4     108.8
                  MILLION                                              MILLION                                      MILLION   MILLION

22   SOURCE: INTERNETWORLDSTATS; ITU; WORLD BANK; CIA WORLD FACTBOOK (ALL LATEST DATA AVAILABLE IN JANUARY 2019).
JAN               FREQUENCY OF INTERNET USE
 2019              HOW OFTEN INTERNET USERS ACCESS THE INTERNET FOR PERSONAL REASONS (ANY DEVICE)

                      EVERY                                     AT LEAST ONCE                                    AT LEAST ONCE                                 LESS THAN ONCE
                       DAY                                         PER WEEK                                       PER MONTH                                       PER MONTH

                         1                                                7                                               31                                       365

                85%                                               11%                                                4%                                           0%
     SOURCE: GOOGLE CONSUMER BAROMETER (COLLECTED JANUARY 2018). ADVISORY: GOOGLE HAS NOT UPDATED ITS CONSUMER BAROMETER DATA SINCE OUR 2018 REPORTS, BUT WE
23   BELIEVE THAT THE DATASET STILL OFFERS REPRESENTATIVE INSIGHTS INTO DIGITAL BEHAVIOURS IN THE FEATURED MARKETS.
JAN                INTERNET CONNECTION SPEEDS
 2019               AVERAGE DOWNLOAD SPEEDS FOR MOBILE AND FIXED INTERNET CONNECTIONS, WITH YEAR-ON-YEAR COMPARISON

              AVERAGE SPEED OF                             YEAR-ON-YEAR CHANGE IN    AVERAGE SPEED OF         YEAR-ON-YEAR CHANGE IN
               MOBILE INTERNET                             AVERAGE SPEED OF MOBILE    FIXED INTERNET            AVERAGE SPEED OF FIXED
               CONNECTIONS                                  INTERNET CONNECTIONS      CONNECTIONS              INTERNET CONNECTIONS

              19.04                                               +14%               45.01                        +20%
                     MBPS                                                                MBPS

24   SOURCE: OOKLA SPEEDTEST (DECEMBER 2018 AND DECEMBER 2017).
JAN                SIMILARWEB’S TOP WEBSITES
 2019               RANKING OF WEBSITES BY AVERAGE MONTHLY TRAFFIC

         #      WEBSITE                                                  CATEGORY                          MONTHLY TRAFFIC                       TIME PER VISIT        PAGES PER VISIT

        01      YANDEX.RU                                                   SEARCH                                  2,633,800,000                    10M 53S                 9.3

        02      VK.COM                                                      SOCIAL                                  1,645,000,000                    16M 28S                22.1

        03      YOUTUBE.COM                                               TV & VIDEO                                1,466,100,000                    19M 34S                 7.8

        04      MAIL.RU                                                       EMAIL                                 1,309,700,000                    07M 43S                 6.8

        05      GOOGLE.RU                                                   SEARCH                                  1,229,500,000                    08M 05S                 5.9

        06      GOOGLE.COM                                                  SEARCH                                    1,112,100,000                  07M 29S                 6.5

        07      OK.RU                                                       SOCIAL                                    776,500,000                    12M 27S                14.8

        08      NEWS.YANDEX.RU                                               NEWS                                     293,700,000                    03M 19S                 2.7

        09      AVITO.RU                                                  SHOPPING                                    288,900,000                     11M 01S               13.2

        10      WIKIPEDIA.ORG                                             REFERENCE                                   250,300,000                    04M 01S                 2.9

     SOURCE: SIMILARWEB (JANUARY 2019). FIGURES BASED ON MONTHLY AVERAGES FOR Q4 2018. NOTES: ‘MONTHLY TRAFFIC’ DOES NOT REPRESENT UNIQUE VISITORS. ‘TIME PER VISIT’
25   FIGURES REPRESENT THE AVERAGE DURATION OF USERS’ VISITS, MEASURED IN MINUTES AND SECONDS. ADVISORY: SOME WEBSITES FEATURED IN THIS RANKING MAY CONTAIN ADULT
     CONTENT. PLEASE USE CAUTION WHEN VISITING UNKNOWN WEBSITES.
JAN                ALEXA’S TOP WEBSITES
 2019               RANKING OF WEBSITES BY THE NUMBER OF VISITORS AND TOTAL PAGE VIEWS

     #       WEBSITE                                 TIME / DAY              PAGES / VISIT                       #       WEBSITE                                 TIME / DAY     PAGES / VISIT

     01      YOUTUBE.COM                                  08M 47S                    5.02                        11      INSTAGRAM.COM                                05M 47S       3.86

     02      YANDEX.RU                                    06M 35S                    3.38                        12      KINOPOISK.RU                                 03M 37S        3.51

     03      VK.COM                                       10M 04S                    4.69                        13      RAMBLER.RU                                   05M 25S       3.49

     04      GOOGLE.COM                                   07M 42S                    9.54                        14      SBERBANK.RU                                  07M 44S       5.58

     05      MAIL.RU                                      05M 10S                    3.42                        15      GISMETEO.RU                                  02M 27S       2.72

     06      AVITO.RU                                     15M 07S                   11.03                        16      LIVEJOURNAL.COM                              04M 58S       2.79

     07      OK.RU                                        04M 36S                    2.21                        17      GOSUSLUGI.RU                                 04M 21S       4.93

     08      GOOGLE.RU                                    05M 07S                    7.09                        18      FACEBOOK.COM                                 09M 43S       4.03

     09      ALIEXPRESS.COM                               12M 55S                  10.48                         19      USERAPI.COM                                  04M 08S       3.28

     10      WIKIPEDIA.ORG                                04M 15S                    3.15                       20       DROM.RU                                      12M 51S       11.37

     SOURCE: ALEXA (JANUARY 2019). NOTES: ‘TIME / DAY’ FIGURES REPRESENT ALEXA’S ESTIMATES OF THE AVERAGE DAILY AMOUNT OF TIME THAT VISITORS SPEND ON THE SITE FOR DAYS
26   WHEN THEY VISIT THE SITE, MEASURED IN MINUTES AND SECONDS. ADVISORY: SOME WEBSITES FEATURED IN THIS RANKING MAY CONTAIN ADULT CONTENT. PLEASE USE CAUTION WHEN
     VISITING UNKNOWN WEBSITES.
JAN                TOP GOOGLE SEARCH QUERIES IN 2018
 2019               BASED ON SEARCHES THROUGHOUT 2018

     #       SEARCH QUERY                                                        INDEX                         #       SEARCH QUERY               INDEX

     01      ПОГОДА                                                                100                         11      ВКОНТАКТЕ                   20

     02      ВК                                                                     87                         12      МАЙЛ                        20

     03      СКАЧАТЬ                                                                69                         13      ПОЧТА                       19

     04      ЯНДЕКС                                                                 49                         14      РАСПИСАНИЕ                  18

     05      ОДНОКЛАССНИКИ                                                          48                         15      ПРОГРАММА                   16

     06      АВИТО                                                                  38                         16      ФИЛЬМЫ                      16

     07      ЮТУБ                                                                   34                         17      СБЕРБАНК                    15

     08      ПЕРЕВОДЧИК                                                             27                         18      В КОНТАКТЕ                  14

     09      ГДЗ                                                                    24                         19      GOOGLE                      14

     10      НОВОСТИ                                                                24                         20      КАРТА                       13

     SOURCE: GOOGLE TRENDS (ACCESSED JANUARY 2019); KEPIOS ANALYSIS. NOTES: GOOGLE DOES NOT PUBLISH SEARCH VOLUMES, BUT THE ‘INDEX’ COLUMN
27   SHOWS RELATIVE VOLUMES FOR EACH QUERY COMPARED TO SEARCH VOLUMES FOR THE TOP QUERY (AN INDEX OF 50 MEANS THAT THE QUERY RECEIVED 50%
     OF THE SEARCH VOLUME OF THE TOP QUERY). YEAR-ON-YEAR CHANGE FIGURES COMPARE INDEX VALUES FOR EACH QUERY IN DECEMBER 2018 TO DECEMBER 2017.
JAN                CONTENT STREAMING ACTIVITIES
 2019               PERCENTAGE OF INTERNET USERS WHO STREAM EACH KIND OF CONTENT EACH MONTH [SURVEY BASED]

         WATCH VIDEOS                           STREAM TV CONTENT                        PLAY GAMES STREAMED                 WATCH LIVE STREAMS OF   WATCH E-SPORTS
           ONLINE                                 VIA THE INTERNET                        LIVE VIA THE INTERNET              OTHERS PLAYING GAMES    TOURNAMENTS

         90%                                        18%                                        14%                               14%                 5.9%

28   SOURCE: GLOBALWEBINDEX (Q2 & Q3 2018). FIGURES REPRESENT THE FINDINGS OF A BROAD SURVEY OF INTERNET USERS AGED 16-64.
JAN                USE OF INTERNET TECHNOLOGIES
 2019               PERCENTAGE OF INTERNET USERS THAT USE EACH TOOL OR SERVICE EACH MONTH

             VOICE SEARCH OR                                         RIDE-HAILING                                       AD-BLOCKING   VIRTUAL PRIVATE
            VOICE COMMANDS                                             SERVICES                                            TOOLS      NETWORK (VPN)

                                                                                                       global
                                                                                                       web
                                                                                                       index

                 21%                                                24%                                                 39%            18%

29   SOURCE: GLOBALWEBINDEX (Q2 & Q3 2018). FIGURES REPRESENT THE FINDINGS OF A BROAD SURVEY OF INTERNET USERS AGED 16-64.
SOCIAL MEDIA USE
30
JAN                SOCIAL MEDIA OVERVIEW
 2019               BASED ON MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS OF THE MOST ACTIVE SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS

              TOTAL NUMBER                                  ACTIVE SOCIAL MEDIA                              TOTAL NUMBER OF ACTIVE                               ACTIVE MOBILE SOCIAL
             OF ACTIVE SOCIAL                              USERS AS A PERCENTAGE                             SOCIAL USERS ACCESSING                              USERS AS A PERCENTAGE
               MEDIA USERS                                  OF TOTAL POPULATION                                VIA MOBILE DEVICES                               OF THE TOTAL POPULATION

             70.00                                                  49%                                              57.75                                            40%
                  MILLION                                                                                                MILLION

     SOURCES: LATEST DATA PUBLISHED BY SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS VIA PRESS RELEASES, INVESTOR EARNINGS ANNOUNCEMENTS, AND IN SELF-SERVE ADVERTISING TOOLS; ARAB SOCIAL
31   MEDIA REPORT; TECHRASA; NIKI AGHAEI; ROSE.RU; KEPIOS ANALYSIS.
JAN                 SOCIAL MEDIA BEHAVIOURS
 2019                HOW INTERNET USERS ENGAGE WITH SOCIAL MEDIA [SURVEY BASED]

      VISITED OR USED A SOCIAL                 ACTIVELY ENGAGED WITH                           AVERAGE AMOUNT                            AVERAGE NUMBER OF                         PERCENTAGE OF INTERNET
      NETWORK OR MESSAGING                    OR CONTRIBUTED TO SOCIAL                        OF TIME PER DAY SPENT                    SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS                        USERS WHO USE SOCIAL
     SERVICE IN THE PAST MONTH                MEDIA IN THE PAST MONTH                         USING SOCIAL MEDIA                          PER INTERNET USER*                      MEDIA FOR WORK PURPOSES

                                                                                     global                                                                                   global
                                                                                     web                                                                                      web
                                                                                     index                                                                                    index

            99%                                        85%                                    2H 16M                                              7.0                                  14%

      SOURCE: GLOBALWEBINDEX (Q2 & Q3 2018). FIGURES REPRESENT THE FINDINGS OF A BROAD SURVEY OF INTERNET USERS AGED 16-64. FIGURES FOR ‘TIME SPENT’ ARE DAILY AVERAGES, IN
32    HOURS AND MINUTES.*NOTE: FIGURE FOR SOCIAL MEDIA ACCOUNTS MAY NOT INDICATE ACTIVE USE OF ALL ACCOUNTS EVERY MONTH.
JAN                 MOST ACTIVE SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS
 2019                PERCENTAGE OF INTERNET USERS WHO REPORT USING EACH PLATFORM [SURVEY BASED]

            YOUTUBE                                                                                                                                                   85%
                     VK                                                                                                                                            83%
          WHATSAPP                                                                                                                        59%
     ODNOKLASSNIKI                                                                                                                  55%
                 VIBER                                                                                                        46%
        INSTAGRAM                                                                                                             46%
          FACEBOOK                                                                                             39%
                 SKYPE                                                                                      37%
              TWITTER                                                 19%
      FB MESSENGER                                       13%
           PINTEREST                             9%
          SNAPCHAT                          7%
            LINKEDIN                        7%                                                                                                  SOCIAL NETWORK

              TWITCH                       7%                                                                                                   MESSENGER / VOIP
              BADOO                       6%
             WECHAT                      5%

33    SOURCE: GLOBALWEBINDEX (Q2 & Q3 2018). FIGURES REPRESENT THE FINDINGS OF A BROAD SURVEY OF INTERNET USERS AGED 16-64.
JAN                   PROFILE OF FACEBOOK INC.’S AUDIENCE
 2019                  BASED ON THE COMBINED ADVERTISING AUDIENCES OF FACEBOOK, INSTAGRAM, AND FACEBOOK MESSENGER

                                                                   21%
                                                                                                                                                                                  FEMALE
                                                                               19%
                                                                                                                                                                                  MALE

                                                                                                  13%
                                   11%
                                                                                                               10%
                                                  9%

                                                                                                                                 4.8%
                                                                                                                                             3.6%
     2.9%
                1.6%                                                                                                                                            2.1%
                                                                                                                                                                           1.4%          0.9%    0.7%

        13 – 17                       18 – 24                        25 – 34                        35 – 44                         45 – 54                        55 – 64                   65+
      YEARS OLD                      YEARS OLD                      YEARS OLD                      YEARS OLD                       YEARS OLD                      YEARS OLD               YEARS OLD

34     SOURCE: EXTRAPOLATED FROM FACEBOOK DATA (JANUARY 2019); KEPIOS ANALYSIS. NOTE: FACEBOOK DOES NOT PUBLISH AUDIENCE DATA FOR GENDERS OTHER THAN ‘MALE’ OR ‘FEMALE’.
JAN                 FACEBOOK AUDIENCE OVERVIEW
 2019                BASED ON FACEBOOK’S TOTAL ADDRESSABLE ADVERTISING AUDIENCE

     NUMBER OF PEOPLE THAT                    PERCENTAGE OF ADULTS                          QUARTER-ON-                               PERCENTAGE OF                    PERCENTAGE OF
       FACEBOOK REPORTS                         AGED 13+ THAT CAN                         QUARTER GROWTH                             ITS AD AUDIENCE                  ITS AD AUDIENCE
      CAN BE REACHED WITH                        BE REACHED WITH                            IN FACEBOOK                               THAT FACEBOOK                    THAT FACEBOOK
     ADVERTS ON FACEBOOK                      ADVERTS ON FACEBOOK                         ADVERTISING REACH                         REPORTS IS FEMALE*                REPORTS IS MALE*

       13.00                                         11%                                   -7.1%                                       53%                             47%
           MILLION

      SOURCE: FACEBOOK (JANUARY 2019); KEPIOS ANALYSIS. *NOTE: FACEBOOK DOES NOT PUBLISH ADVERTISING AUDIENCE DATA FOR GENDERS OTHER THAN ‘MALE’ AND ‘FEMALE’.
35    ADVISORY: FIGURES REPORTED ON THIS CHART ARE BASED ON FACEBOOK’S ADDRESSABLE ADVERTISING AUDIENCE, AND MAY NOT MATCH TOTAL MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS. AS A RESULT,
      FIGURES ON THIS CHART ARE NOT DIRECTLY COMPARABLE TO THE ‘MONTHLY ACTIVE FACEBOOK USERS’ FIGURE THAT WE REPORTED IN OUR DIGITAL 2018 REPORTS.
JAN                FACEBOOK ACTIVITY FREQUENCY
 2019               THE NUMBER OF TIMES A ‘TYPICAL’ USER* PERFORMS EACH ACTIVITY ON FACEBOOK

          NUMBER OF                                 POSTS LIKED IN                      COMMENTS MADE IN                      FACEBOOK POSTS          FACEBOOK ADVERTS
       FACEBOOK PAGES                             THE PAST 30 DAYS                       THE PAST 30 DAYS                   SHARED IN THE PAST 30    CLICKED IN THE PAST 30
        LIKED (LIFETIME)                           (ALL POST TYPES)                       (ALL POST TYPES)                   DAYS (ALL POST TYPES)   DAYS (ANY CLICK TYPE)

                 1                                         1                                        1                                 1                         4
       FEMALE             MALE                  FEMALE             MALE                   FEMALE             MALE            FEMALE       MALE         FEMALE       MALE

         1                 1                       1                1                       1                 1                1           1            6           3
36   SOURCE: FACEBOOK (JANUARY 2019). *NOTE: FIGURES REPRESENT MEDIAN VALUES FOR ACTIVE FACEBOOK USERS AGED 18 AND ABOVE.
JAN                 INSTAGRAM AUDIENCE OVERVIEW
 2019                BASED ON INSTAGRAM’S TOTAL ADDRESSABLE ADVERTISING AUDIENCE

     NUMBER OF PEOPLE THAT                   PERCENTAGE OF ADULTS                             QUARTER-ON-                              PERCENTAGE OF                PERCENTAGE OF
       INSTAGRAM REPORTS                       AGED 13+ THAT CAN                           QUARTER GROWTH                             ITS AD AUDIENCE              ITS AD AUDIENCE
      CAN BE REACHED WITH                       BE REACHED WITH                              IN INSTAGRAM                             THAT INSTAGRAM               THAT INSTAGRAM
     ADVERTS ON INSTAGRAM                    ADVERTS ON INSTAGRAM                          ADVERTISING REACH                         REPORTS IS FEMALE*            REPORTS IS MALE*

        37.00                                       30%                                     +16%                                        57%                        43%
            MILLION

37    SOURCE: INSTAGRAM (JANUARY 2019); KEPIOS ANALYSIS. *NOTE: INSTAGRAM DOES NOT PUBLISH ADVERTISING AUDIENCE DATA FOR GENDERS OTHER THAN ‘MALE’ AND ‘FEMALE’.
JAN                 TWITTER AUDIENCE OVERVIEW
 2019                BASED ON TWITTER’S TOTAL ADDRESSABLE ADVERTISING AUDIENCE

     NUMBER OF PEOPLE THAT                     PERCENTAGE OF ADULTS                           QUARTER-ON-                                PERCENTAGE OF                       PERCENTAGE OF
        TWITTER REPORTS                          AGED 13+ THAT CAN                          QUARTER GROWTH                              ITS AD AUDIENCE                     ITS AD AUDIENCE
      CAN BE REACHED WITH                         BE REACHED WITH                               IN TWITTER                                THAT TWITTER                        THAT TWITTER
       ADVERTS ON TWITTER                       ADVERTS ON TWITTER                          ADVERTISING REACH                          REPORTS IS FEMALE*                   REPORTS IS MALE*

          2.08                                     1.7%                                    +2.0%                                          29%                                71%
            MILLION

      SOURCE: TWITTER (JANUARY 2019); KEPIOS ANALYSIS. *NOTE: TWITTER DOES NOT PUBLISH ADVERTISING AUDIENCE DATA FOR GENDERS OTHER THAN ‘MALE’ AND ‘FEMALE’. GENDER SHARE
38    FIGURES EXTRAPOLATED FROM AVAILABLE DATA.
JAN                 SNAPCHAT AUDIENCE OVERVIEW
 2019                BASED ON SNAPCHAT’S TOTAL ADDRESSABLE ADVERTISING AUDIENCE

     NUMBER OF PEOPLE THAT                     PERCENTAGE OF ADULTS                          QUARTER-ON-                                PERCENTAGE OF                     PERCENTAGE OF
       SNAPCHAT REPORTS                          AGED 13+ THAT CAN                         QUARTER GROWTH                              ITS AD AUDIENCE                   ITS AD AUDIENCE
      CAN BE REACHED WITH                         BE REACHED WITH                            IN SNAPCHAT                                THAT SNAPCHAT                     THAT SNAPCHAT
     ADVERTS ON SNAPCHAT                       ADVERTS ON SNAPCHAT                         ADVERTISING REACH                          REPORTS IS FEMALE*                 REPORTS IS MALE*

          5.50                                     4.5%                                   +8.9%                                          88%                             7.8%
            MILLION

      SOURCE: SNAPCHAT (JANUARY 2019); KEPIOS ANALYSIS. *NOTE: SNAPCHAT DOES NOT PUBLISH ADVERTISING AUDIENCE DATA FOR GENDERS OTHER THAN ‘MALE’ AND ‘FEMALE’, BUT THE
39    DATA THAT THE PLATFORM REPORTS FOR MALE AND FEMALE AUDIENCES DO NOT SUM TO 100% OF THE TOTAL AUDIENCE FIGURE.
JAN                 LINKEDIN AUDIENCE OVERVIEW
 2019                BASED ON LINKEDIN’S TOTAL ADDRESSABLE ADVERTISING AUDIENCE

     NUMBER OF PEOPLE THAT                     PERCENTAGE OF ADULTS                           QUARTER-ON-                                PERCENTAGE OF                       PERCENTAGE OF
        LINKEDIN REPORTS                         AGED 18+ THAT CAN                          QUARTER GROWTH                              ITS AD AUDIENCE                     ITS AD AUDIENCE
      CAN BE REACHED WITH                         BE REACHED WITH                              IN LINKEDIN                                THAT LINKEDIN                       THAT LINKEDIN
      ADVERTS ON LINKEDIN                       ADVERTS ON LINKEDIN                         ADVERTISING REACH                          REPORTS IS FEMALE*                   REPORTS IS MALE*

           7.60                                    6.6%                                      +13%                                         53%                                47%
            MILLION

      SOURCE: LINKEDIN (JANUARY 2019); KEPIOS ANALYSIS.*NOTE: LINKEDIN’S ADVERTISING AUDIENCE FIGURES ARE BASED ON TOTAL MEMBERS, NOT MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS. LINKEDIN DOES
40    NOT REPORT ADVERTISING AUDIENCE FIGURES FOR GENDERS OTHER THAN ‘MALE’ OR ‘FEMALE’. GENDER DATA HAVE BEEN EXTRAPOLATED BASED ON AVAILABLE DATA.
JAN               TOP YOUTUBE SEARCH QUERIES IN 2018
 2019              BASED ON SEARCHES ON THE YOUTUBE PLATFORM THROUGHOUT 2018

     #       SEARCH QUERY                                                       INDEX                         #      SEARCH QUERY                                   INDEX

     01      ФИЛЬМ                                                                100                         11     МАША И МЕДВЕДЬ                                  41

     02      ПЕСНИ                                                                 85                         12     КЛИПЫ                                           27

     03      КАК СДЕЛАТЬ                                                           68                        13      АНИМЕ                                           23

     04      МУЛЬТИКИ                                                              58                        14      КАРАОКЕ                                         19

     05      ФИЛЬМЫ                                                                54                        15      ПРЯМОЙ ЭФИР                                     19

     06      МУЗЫКА                                                                53                        16      ТАНЦЫ                                           17

     07      МУЛЬТИК                                                               49                        17      ГОЛОС                                           17

     08      ПРИКОЛЫ                                                               45                        18      ЛУНТИК                                          17

     09      МАЙНКРАФТ                                                             42                        19      КУПЛИНОВ                                        17

     10      КИНО                                                                  41                        20      ТРИ КОТА                                        17

     SOURCE: GOOGLE TRENDS (ACCESSED JANUARY 2019); KEPIOS ANALYSIS. NOTES: GOOGLE DOES NOT PUBLISH SEARCH VOLUMES, BUT THE ‘INDEX’ COLUMN SHOWS RELATIVE VOLUMES
41   FOR EACH QUERY COMPARED TO SEARCH VOLUMES FOR THE TOP QUERY (AN INDEX OF 50 MEANS THAT THE QUERY RECEIVED 50% OF THE SEARCH VOLUME OF THE TOP QUERY).
MOBILE USE
42
JAN                MOBILE CONNECTIONS BY TYPE
 2019               BASED ON THE NUMBER OF CELLULAR CONNECTIONS (NOTE: NOT UNIQUE INDIVIDUALS)

         TOTAL NUMBER                         MOBILE CONNECTIONS                           PERCENTAGE OF                             PERCENTAGE OF                        PERCENTAGE OF MOBILE
           OF MOBILE                           AS A PERCENTAGE OF                       MOBILE CONNECTIONS                        MOBILE CONNECTIONS                      CONNECTIONS THAT ARE
         CONNECTIONS                            TOTAL POPULATION                          THAT ARE PRE-PAID                        THAT ARE POST-PAID                      BROADBAND (3G & 4G)

     248.2                                       172%                                         77%                                       23%                                   74%
           MILLION

     SOURCE: GSMA INTELLIGENCE (Q4 2018 AND JANUARY 2019). ADVISORY: GSMA INTELLIGENCE HAVE REVISED SOME HISTORICAL FIGURES IN THE PAST YEAR, SO THE FIGURES SHOWN HERE
43   MAY NOT BE DIRECTLY COMPARABLE TO THE DATA WE REPORTED IN OUR DIGITAL 2018 REPORTS.
JAN               MOBILE CONNECTIVITY INDEX
 2019              GSMA INTELLIGENCE’S ASSESSMENT OF KEY ENABLERS AND DRIVERS OF MOBILE CONNECTIVITY

       OVERALL COUNTRY                          MOBILE NETWORK                           AFFORDABILITY OF                             CONSUMER            AVAILABILITY OF RELEVANT
         INDEX SCORE                            INFRASTRUCTURE                          DEVICES & SERVICES                            READINESS             CONTENT & SERVICES

      71.28
      OUT OF A MAXIMUM
                                               50.41
                                               OUT OF A MAXIMUM
                                                                                       78.48
                                                                                        OUT OF A MAXIMUM
                                                                                                                                  88.20
                                                                                                                                   OUT OF A MAXIMUM
                                                                                                                                                            73.96
                                                                                                                                                            OUT OF A MAXIMUM
     POSSIBLE SCORE OF 100                    POSSIBLE SCORE OF 100                    POSSIBLE SCORE OF 100                      POSSIBLE SCORE OF 100    POSSIBLE SCORE OF 100

44   SOURCE: GSMA INTELLIGENCE. TO ACCESS THE COMPLETE MOBILE CONNECTIVITY INDEX, VISIT HTTP://WWW.MOBILECONNECTIVITYINDEX.COM/
JAN                MOBILE ACTIVITIES
 2019               PERCENTAGE OF INTERNET USERS PERFORMING EACH ACTIVITY ON A MOBILE PHONE EACH MONTH [SURVEY BASED]

        PERCENTAGE OF                            PERCENTAGE OF                             PERCENTAGE OF                        PERCENTAGE OF                   PERCENTAGE OF
     INTERNET USERS USING                  INTERNET USERS WATCHING                     INTERNET USERS PLAYING                INTERNET USERS USING            INTERNET USERS USING
      MOBILE MESSENGERS                        VIDEOS ON MOBILE                          GAMES ON MOBILE                       MOBILE BANKING                 MOBILE MAP SERVICES

                                                                                  global                                                            global
                                                                                  web                                                               web
                                                                                  index                                                             index

          71%                                       74%                                       46%                               40%                             52%

45   SOURCE: GLOBALWEBINDEX (Q2 & Q3 2018). FIGURES REPRESENT THE FINDINGS OF A BROAD SURVEY OF INTERNET USERS AGED 16-64.
JAN                MOBILE APPS: INSTALLS vs. USAGE
 2019               A CLOSER LOOK AT THE NUMBER OF APPS DOWNLOADED AND INSTALLED, COMPARED TO THE NUMBER OF APPS USED

            NUMBER OF MOBILE                                    TOTAL CONSUMER                                        AVERAGE NUMBER                                    AVERAGE NUMBER OF
            APPS DOWNLOADED                                 SPENDING ON MOBILE APPS                                  OF APPS INSTALLED PER                              MOBILE APPS USED PER
           DURING FULL YEAR 2018                            DURING 2018 (U.S. DOLLARS)                               SMARTPHONE DEVICE                                 MONTH PER SMARTPHONE

             4.793                                              $751.8                                                   [N/A]                                               [N/A]
                   BILLION                                             MILLION

46   SOURCE: APP ANNIE (JANUARY 2019); KEPIOS ANALYSIS. CONSUMER SPEND FIGURES ARE IN U.S. DOLLARS. NOTE: FIGURES REPRESENT VALUES FOR THE LOCAL COUNTRY / TERRITORY ONLY.
JAN                  MOBILE APP RANKINGS: ACTIVE USERS
 2019                 RANKINGS OF TOP MOBILE APPS AND GAMES BY AVERAGE MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS THROUGHOUT 2018

     RANKING OF MOBILE APPS BY MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS                                              RANKING OF MOBILE GAMES BY MONTHLY ACTIVE USERS

       #      APP NAME                                   DEVELOPER                                 #   APP NAME                     DEVELOPER

      01      WHATSAPP MESSENGER                         FACEBOOK                                 01   MY TALKING TOM               OUTFIT7

      02      VIBER                                      RAKUTEN                                  02   HELIX JUMP                   VOODOO

      03      VK                                         MAIL.RU GROUP                            03   MINECRAFT POCKET EDITION     MICROSOFT

      04      SBERBANK ONLINE                            SBERBANK OF RUSSIA                       04   SUBWAY SURFERS               KILOO

      05      INSTAGRAM                                  FACEBOOK                                 05   MY TALKING ANGELA            OUTFIT7

      06      OK.RU                                      MAIL.RU GROUP                            06   CLASH ROYALE                 SUPERCELL

      07      YANDEX SEARCH                              YANDEX                                   07   CLASH OF CLANS               SUPERCELL

      08      YANDEX.BROWSER                             YANDEX                                   08   HOMESCAPES                   PLAYRIX

      09      ALIEXPRESS                                 ALIBABA GROUP                            09   TALKING TOM GOLD RUN         OUTFIT7

      10      OPERA BROWSER                              OPERA                                    10   PIRATE TREASURES             TAPCLAP

      SOURCE: APP ANNIE (JANUARY 2019). BASED ON COMBINED DATA FOR ANDROID AND IPHONE DEVICES.
47    NOTE: DOES NOT INCLUDE DATA FOR DOWNLOADS FROM THIRD-PARTY ANDROID STORES.
JAN                   MOBILE APP RANKINGS: DOWNLOADS
 2019                  RANKINGS OF TOP MOBILE APPS AND GAMES BY THE NUMBER OF DOWNLOADS IN 2018

     RANKING OF MOBILE APPS BY DOWNLOADS                                                                       RANKING OF MOBILE GAMES BY DOWNLOADS

      #       APP NAME                                     DEVELOPER                                            #    APP NAME                    DEVELOPER

      01      WHATSAPP MESSENGER                           FACEBOOK                                             01   HELIX JUMP                  VOODOO

      02      VK                                           MAIL.RU GROUP                                        02   KNIFE HIT                   UBISOFT

      03      SBERBANK ONLINE                              SBERBANK OF RUSSIA                                   03   CLEVER — GAME WITH PRIZES   MAIL.RU GROUP

      04      INSTAGRAM                                    FACEBOOK                                             04   SUBWAY SURFERS              KILOO

      05      JOOM                                         JOOM                                                 05   PAPER.IO 2                  VOODOO

      06      VIBER                                        RAKUTEN                                              06   GRANNY                      DVLOPER

      07      YANDEX.BROWSER                               YANDEX                                               07   RISE UP                     SERKAN OZYILMAZ

      08      PANDAO                                       MAIL.RU GROUP                                        08   LOVE BALLS                  SUPERTAPX

      09      TIKTOK                                       TOUTIAO                                              09   PUBG MOBILE                 TENCENT

      10      YANDEX SEARCH                                YANDEX                                               10   MY TALKING TOM              OUTFIT7

      SOURCE: APP ANNIE (JANUARY 2019). BASED ON COMBINED DATA FOR THE GOOGLE PLAY AND APPLE iOS APP STORES.
48    NOTE: DOES NOT INCLUDE DATA FOR DOWNLOADS FROM THIRD-PARTY ANDROID STORES.
JAN                    MOBILE APP RANKINGS: REVENUE
 2019                   RANKINGS OF TOP MOBILE APPS AND GAMES BY TOTAL REVENUE GENERATED IN 2018

     RANKING OF MOBILE APPS BY REVENUE                                                                         RANKING OF MOBILE GAMES BY REVENUE

       #      APP NAME                                     DEVELOPER                                            #    APP NAME                         DEVELOPER

      01      VK                                           MAIL.RU GROUP                                        01   VIKINGS: WAR OF CLANS            ARISTOCRAT

      02      BOOM: MUSIC PLAYER                           UMA                                                  02   EMPIRES & PUZZLES                SMALL GIANT GAMES

      03      OK.RU                                        MAIL.RU GROUP                                        03   GARDENSCAPES - NEW ACRES         PLAYRIX

      04      YANDEX MUSIC                                 YANDEX                                               04   LORDS MOBILE                     IGG

      05      READ!                                        LITRES                                               05   CLASH OF KINGS                   ELEX TECHNOLOGY

      06      TINDER                                       INTERACTIVECORP (IAC)                                06   WORLD OF TANKS BLITZ             WARGAMING.NET

      07      IVI.RU                                       IVI.RU                                               07   CASTLE CLASH                     IGG

      08      BADOO                                        BADOO                                                08   HOMESCAPES                       PLAYRIX

      09      LISTEN!                                      LITRES                                               09   KING OF AVALON: DRAGON WARFARE   FUNPLUS

      10      MAMBA DATING                                 MAMBA DATING                                         10   WAR AND MAGIC                    EFUN

      SOURCE: APP ANNIE (JANUARY 2019). BASED ON COMBINED DATA FOR THE GOOGLE PLAY AND APPLE iOS APP STORES.
49    NOTE: DOES NOT INCLUDE DATA FOR DOWNLOADS FROM THIRD-PARTY ANDROID STORES.
E-COMMERCE USE
50
JAN                FINANCIAL INCLUSION FACTORS
 2019               PERCENTAGE OF THE POPULATION AGED 15+ THAT REPORTS OWNING OR USING EACH FINANCIAL PRODUCT OR SERVICE

             HAS AN ACCOUNT WITH                                           HAS A                                HAS A MOBILE            MAKES ONLINE PURCHASES
             A FINANCIAL INSTITUTION                                    CREDIT CARD                            MONEY ACCOUNT            AND / OR PAYS BILLS ONLINE

                       76%                                              20%                                      [N/A]                         40%
              PERCENTAGE OF WOMEN                                 PERCENTAGE OF MEN                         PERCENTAGE OF WOMEN            PERCENTAGE OF MEN
                WITH A CREDIT CARD                                WITH A CREDIT CARD                      MAKING ONLINE TRANSACTIONS   MAKING ONLINE TRANSACTIONS

                      20%                                               20%                                       40%                          39%
     SOURCE: WORLD BANK GLOBAL FINANCIAL INCLUSION DATA (LATEST AVAILABLE DATA, ACCESSED JANUARY 2019).
51   NOTE: FIGURES REPRESENT THE PERCENTAGE OF ADULTS AGED 15+, NOT TOTAL POPULATION.
JAN                E-COMMERCE ACTIVITIES
 2019               PERCENTAGE OF INTERNET USERS WHO REPORT PERFORMING EACH ACTIVITY IN THE PAST MONTH [SURVEY BASED]

       SEARCHED ONLINE                           VISITED AN ONLINE                            PURCHASED A                      MADE AN ONLINE                 MADE AN ONLINE
        FOR A PRODUCT                           RETAIL STORE ON THE                        PRODUCT OR SERVICE                PURCHASE VIA A LAPTOP            PURCHASE VIA A
       OR SERVICE TO BUY                         WEB (ANY DEVICE)                          ONLINE (ANY DEVICE)               OR DESKTOP COMPUTER               MOBILE DEVICE

                                                                                  global                                                             global
                                                                                  web                                                                web
                                                                                  index                                                              index

          81%                                       82%                                       58%                               44%                           32%

52   SOURCE: GLOBALWEBINDEX (Q2 & Q3 2018). FIGURES REPRESENT THE FINDINGS OF A BROAD SURVEY OF INTERNET USERS AGED 16-64.
JAN                E-COMMERCE SPEND BY CATEGORY
 2019               THE TOTAL ANNUAL AMOUNT SPENT ON CONSUMER E-COMMERCE CATEGORIES, IN U.S. DOLLARS

                        FASHION                                        ELECTRONICS &                                          FOOD &                                           FURNITURE &
                        & BEAUTY                                       PHYSICAL MEDIA                                     PERSONAL CARE                                        APPLIANCES

                  $5.372                                             $4.164                                             $1.506                                                $2.386
                       BILLION                                            BILLION                                            BILLION                                           BILLION
                       TOYS, DIY                                    TRAVEL (INCLUDING                                           DIGITAL                                          VIDEO
                       & HOBBIES                                    ACCOMMODATION)                                              MUSIC                                            GAMES

                  $3.802                                              $15.91                                            $166.0                                                $1.360
                       BILLION                                            BILLION                                            MILLION                                           BILLION
     SOURCE: STATISTA DIGITAL MARKET OUTLOOK FOR E-COMMERCE, E-TRAVEL, AND DIGITAL MEDIA INDUSTRIES (ACCESSED JANUARY 2019). NOTES: FIGURES ARE BASED ON ESTIMATES OF FULL-
53   YEAR CONSUMER SPEND FOR 2018, EXCLUDING B2B SPEND. FIGURES FOR DIGITAL MUSIC AND VIDEO GAMES INCLUDE STREAMING. ADVISORY: STATISTA HAVE REVISED THEIR FIGURES FOR
     2017 SPEND SINCE LAST YEAR, SO THESE FIGURES WILL NOT BE COMPARABLE TO DATA WE REPORTED IN OUR DIGITAL 2018 REPORTS.
JAN                E-COMMERCE GROWTH BY CATEGORY
 2019               ANNUAL CHANGE IN THE TOTAL AMOUNT SPENT ON CONSUMER E-COMMERCE CATEGORIES

                        FASHION                                        ELECTRONICS &                                          FOOD &                                          FURNITURE &
                        & BEAUTY                                       PHYSICAL MEDIA                                     PERSONAL CARE                                       APPLIANCES

                    +12%                                              +13%                                                +12%                                                +15%
                       TOYS, DIY                                    TRAVEL (INCLUDING                                           DIGITAL                                         VIDEO
                       & HOBBIES                                    ACCOMMODATION)                                              MUSIC                                           GAMES

                  +9.3%                                               +16%                                              +4.1%                                                 +5.2%
     SOURCE: STATISTA DIGITAL MARKET OUTLOOK FOR E-COMMERCE, E-TRAVEL, AND DIGITAL MEDIA INDUSTRIES (ACCESSED JANUARY 2019). NOTES: FIGURES ARE BASED ON ESTIMATES OF FULL-
54   YEAR CONSUMER SPEND FOR 2018, EXCLUDING B2B SPEND. FIGURES FOR DIGITAL MUSIC AND VIDEO GAMES INCLUDE STREAMING. ADVISORY: STATISTA HAVE REVISED THEIR FIGURES FOR
     2017 SPEND SINCE LAST YEAR, SO THESE FIGURES WILL NOT BE COMPARABLE TO DATA WE REPORTED IN OUR DIGITAL 2018 REPORTS.
JAN                E-COMMERCE DETAIL: CONSUMER GOODS
 2019               OVERVIEW OF THE E-COMMERCE MARKET FOR CONSUMER GOODS, WITH VALUES IN U.S. DOLLARS

         TOTAL NUMBER OF PEOPLE                             PENETRATION OF CONSUMER                               VALUE OF THE CONSUMER                               AVERAGE ANNUAL REVENUE
         PURCHASING CONSUMER                                   GOODS E-COMMERCE                                 GOODS E-COMMERCE MARKET                                PER USER OF CONSUMER
         GOODS VIA E-COMMERCE                                   (TOTAL POPULATION)                             (TOTAL ANNUAL SALES REVENUE)                           GOODS E-COMMERCE (ARPU)

              80.10                                                   56%                                            $17.23                                                     $215
                   MILLION                                                                                                   BILLION
             YEAR-ON-YEAR CHANGE                                                                                       YEAR-ON-YEAR CHANGE                                     YEAR-ON-YEAR CHANGE

                   +1.1%                                                                                                      +12%                                                 +11%
     SOURCE: STATISTA DIGITAL MARKET OUTLOOK FOR E-COMMERCE INDUSTRY (ACCESSED JANUARY 2019). NOTE: FIGURES ARE BASED ON ESTIMATES OF FULL-YEAR CONSUMER SPEND FOR
55   2018, EXCLUDING B2B SPEND. ADVISORY: STATISTA HAVE REVISED THEIR FIGURES FOR 2017 SPEND SINCE LAST YEAR, SO THESE FIGURES WILL NOT BE COMPARABLE TO DATA WE REPORTED IN
     OUR DIGITAL 2018 REPORTS.
JAN                 E-COMMERCE SPEND IN CONTEXT
 2019                COMPARING E-COMMERCE SPEND TO POINT-OF-SALE (P.O.S.) SPEND, WITH E-WALLET DETAIL

     E-COMMERCE SPEND PER                   POINT-OF-SALE SPEND PER                   E-COMMERCE SPEND AS                          E-WALLETS’ SHARE OF                  E-WALLETS’ SHARE OF
     CAPITA* IN U.S. DOLLARS                 CAPITA IN U.S. DOLLARS                  A SHARE OF RETAIL SPEND*                      E-COMMERCE SPEND                    POINT-OF-SALE SPEND

           $231                                  $8,612                                           3%                                     24%                                 2%

      SOURCE: WORLDPAY GLOBAL PAYMENTS REPORT (NOVEMBER 2018); KEPIOS ANALYSIS. *NOTE: THE PER-CAPITA E-COMMERCE SPEND FIGURE QUOTED ON THIS CHART IS TAKEN FROM A
56    DIFFERENT SOURCE COMPARED TO THE E-COMMERCE ARPU FIGURES QUOTED ELSEWHERE IN THIS REPORT, SO FIGURES MAY NOT MATCH. RETAIL SPEND FIGURES ARE BASED ON COMBINED
      E-COMMERCE AND POINT-OF-SALE SPEND, AS REPORTED BY WORLDPAY.
JAN                TOP GOOGLE SHOPPING QUERIES
 2019               BASED ON SEARCHES THROUGHOUT 2018

     #       SEARCH QUERY                                                       INDEX                         #      SEARCH QUERY                                   INDEX

     01      SAMSUNG                                                              100                         11     ХОЛОДИЛЬНИК                                     43

     02      САМСУНГ                                                               95                         12     АДИДАС                                          40

     03      XIAOMI                                                                94                        13      ХОНОР                                           39

     04      IPHONE                                                                90                        14      АЙФОН 7                                         36

     05      АВИТО                                                                 86                        15      ADIDAS                                          34

     06      ЯНДЕКС                                                                81                        16      ДЕТСКИЙ МИР                                     34

     07      ЯНДЕКС МАРКЕТ                                                         62                        17      ТЕЛЕВИЗОР                                       34

     08      ЛЕГО                                                                  56                        18      ЭЛЬДОРАДО                                       31

     09      ИКЕА                                                                  50                        19      ПЛАНШЕТ                                         31

     10      NIKE                                                                  49                        20      АЛИЭКСПРЕСС                                     30

     SOURCE: GOOGLE TRENDS (ACCESSED JANUARY 2019); KEPIOS ANALYSIS. NOTES: GOOGLE DOES NOT PUBLISH SEARCH VOLUMES, BUT THE ‘INDEX’ COLUMN SHOWS RELATIVE VOLUMES
57   FOR EACH QUERY COMPARED TO SEARCH VOLUMES FOR THE TOP QUERY (AN INDEX OF 50 MEANS THAT THE QUERY RECEIVED 50% OF THE SEARCH VOLUME OF THE TOP QUERY).
JAN                CONNECTED MONEY
 2019               UNDERSTANDING INTERNET USERS’ ONLINE FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES

                  USE MOBILE                                        MAKE MOBILE                                PURCHASE ITEMS ONLINE    OWN SOME FORM
                   BANKING                                           PAYMENTS                                  USING A MOBILE PHONE    OF CRYPTOCURRENCY

                 40%                                                34%                                                 32%              1.8%

58   SOURCE: GLOBALWEBINDEX (Q2 & Q3 2018). FIGURES REPRESENT THE FINDINGS OF A BROAD SURVEY OF INTERNET USERS AGED 16-64.
MORE INFORMATION
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SPECIAL THANKS: GLOBALWEBINDEX
    GlobalWebIndex is the leading provider of audience profiling
        data to agencies, publishers, and brands worldwide.

90% GLOBAL         ONGOING DATA COLLECTION              CROSS-DEVICE
 COVERAGE            ACROSS 45 MARKETS                   COVERAGE

          Learn more at http://www.globalwebindex.com
SPECIAL THANKS: GSMA INTELLIGENCE
GSMA Intelligence is the unit within the GSMA that houses the organisation’s extensive
database of mobile operator statistics, forecasts, and industry reports. GSMA Intelligence’s
data covers every operator group, network and MVNO in every country – from Afghanistan
to Zimbabwe. Updated daily, it is the most accurate and complete set of industry metrics
available, comprising tens of millions of individual data points.

Leading operators, vendors, regulators, financial institutions and third-party industry players
rely on GSMA Intelligence to support strategic decision-making and long-term investment
planning. The data is used as an industry reference point and is frequently cited by the
media and by the industry itself. GSMA Intelligence’s team of analysts and experts produce
regular thought-leading research reports across a range of industry topics.

       Learn more about GSMA Intelligence at http://www.gsmaintelligence.com
SPECIAL THANKS: STATISTA
           Statista is one of the world’s largest online statistics databases. Its Digital
         Market Outlook products provide forecasts, detailed market insights, and key
         indicators on over 90 digital markets within verticals including e-commerce,
         digital media, smart home, and e-health for over 150 countries and regions.

  82% OF THE GLOBAL         150 COUNTRIES           92% OF WORLDWIDE             MORE THAN 30,000
INTERNET POPULATION          AND REGIONS             ECONOMIC POWER            INTERACTIVE STATISTICS

                      Learn more about Statista at http://www.statista.com
SPECIAL THANKS: LOCOWISE
                   Locowise is a social media performance measurement
                      platform that helps agencies to manage clients,
                     produce and prove value, and win new business.

 CUSTOM REPORT            CAMPAIGN             INSIGHTS FROM ALL           PREDICTIVE
  BUILDER WITH        ANALYSIS, TRACKING        YOUR NETWORKS           METRICS TO DRIVE
OVER 300 METRICS       AND REPORTING              IN ONE PLACE          FUTURE STRATEGY

                    Learn more about Locowise at http://locowise.com
SPECIAL THANKS: SIMILARWEB
          SimilarWeb is the pioneer of market intelligence and the standard for
         understanding the digital world. SimilarWeb provides granular insights
             about any website or app across all industries in every region.

    WEB                      APP                    GLOBAL                  GRANULAR
INTELLIGENCE            INTELLIGENCE               COVERAGE                  ANALYSIS

               Learn more about SimilarWeb at http://www.similarweb.com
SPECIAL THANKS: APP ANNIE
     App Annie is the industry’s most trusted mobile data and analytics platform. The company created
     the mobile app data market and has been fueling world-class, mobile-first businesses since 2010.
    App Annie’s mission is to power B2C companies’ mobile transformation and enable clients to deliver
      winning consumer experiences. More than 1,000 enterprise clients and 1 million registered users
    across the globe and spanning all industries rely on App Annie as the gold standard to revolutionize
     their mobile business. The company is headquartered in San Francisco with offices in 13 countries.

   1 MILLION                   BEST-IN-CLASS              COVERAGE ACROSS                 UNPARALLELED
REGISTERED USERS                   DATA                    150 COUNTRIES                SERVICE & SUPPORT

                   Learn more about App Annie at http://www.appannie.com
NOTES ON DATA SOURCES
POPULATION & DEMOGRAPHICS: United                       reported in Facebook’s self-serve advertising tools.     SOCIAL MEDIA BEHAVIOURS: Time spent on
Nations World Population Prospects, 2017 Revision;      Internet connection speed data from Ookla Speedtest      social media from GlobalWebIndex (Q2 & Q3
US Census Bureau (accessed January 2019); United        (December 2018). Time spent on the internet from         2018)*. Facebook reach and engagement data from
Nations World Urbanization Prospects, 2018 Revision.    GlobalWebIndex (Q2 & Q3 2018)*. World’s top              Locowise (Q4 2018).
                                                        websites from SimilarWeb (December 2018) and
LITERACY RATES: UNESCO Institute for Statistics;        Alexa (30 days to 16 January 2019). Google search        MOBILE USERS & CONNECTIONS: GSMA
UNICEF Data; World Bank DataBank; Pew Research;         insights from Google Trends (data for full year 2018).   Intelligence (January 2019); Ericsson Mobility Report
Ethnologue; IndexMundi; CIA World Factbook;             Data on use of voice search and ad blockers from         (November 2018); Ericsson Mobility Calculator and
Phrasebase (all accessed January 2019).                 GlobalWebIndex (Q2 & Q3 2018)*. Privacy concern          Visualizer tools (accessed January 2019);
                                                        insights from Statista Global Consumer Survey 2018.
GDP & FINANCIAL INCLUSION DATA: World                   Content streaming insights from GlobalWebIndex           MOBILE APPS: App Annie (January 2019);
Bank DataBank; IMF Data; CIA World Factbook (all        (Q2 & Q3 2018)*. Internet use frequency data from        SimilarWeb (January 2019).
accessed January 2019).                                 Google Consumer Barometer (accessed January
                                                        2018).                                                   E-COMMERCE USERS & SPEND: Statista Digital
DEVICE USAGE: Google Consumer Barometer                                                                          Market Outlook (e-Commerce, e-Travel, and digital
(accessed January 2018). Note that data has not been    SOCIAL MEDIA USERS: Company earnings                     media industry reports) (accessed January 2019).
updated in the past 12 months.                          announcements; press releases; remarks by senior         GlobalWebIndex (Q2 & Q3 2018)*; Worldpay
                                                        platform executives at public events; statements on      Global Payments Report (November 2018).
INTERNET USERS: InternetWorldStats; ITU Statistics;     company websites; reports in reputable media. Top
World Bank DataBank; CIA World Factbook; Eurostat       messenger platforms from SimilarWeb (December            *METHODOLOGY NOTE: GlobalWebIndex
Data Explorer; Facebook’s self-serve advertising        2018).                                                   conducts a quarterly survey of a panel of 22 million
tools; Techrasa; MidEastMedia.org; local government                                                              internet users across 45 countries around the world,
authorities and telecom regulatory bodies; reports in   SOCIAL MEDIA ADVERTISING AUDIENCES: data                 representing 90% of the world’s total internet users. For
reputable media (all accessed January 2019). Mobile     extracted from each platform’s self-serve advertising    full details of the company’s methodology, please visit
Internet share based on data from GlobalWebIndex        tools (January 2019 and October 2018). Many data         http://www.globalwebindex.com/
(Q2 & Q3 2018)*, and extrapolations of data             points involve further extrapolations of this data.
NOTES ON DATA VARIANCE, MISMATCHES, AND CURIOSITIES
This report uses data from a wide variety of    Similarly, reports of internet user numbers        It’s unlikely that one hundred percent of
sources, including market research agencies,    vary considerably between different sources.       internet users in any given country will use
internet and social media companies,            In part, this is because there are fewer           the same social media platform though, so in
governments and public bodies, news media,      commercial imperatives for governments             cases where internet and social media user
journalists, and our own internal analysis.     and regulators to collect and publish regular      numbers are the same, it’s likely that the actual
                                                internet user data. However, the user numbers      number of internet users will be higher than the
Wherever possible, we’ve prioritised data       published by social media platforms can be         number we’ve reported.
sources that provide broader geographical       a useful proxy for the number of internet users
coverage, in order to minimise the potential    in countries where no other reliable data are      Lastly, a number of metrics that we reported in
variations between data points, and offer       available, because all active social media         last year’s Global Digital reports have been
more reliable comparison across countries.      users must have an active internet connection      revised by the original data provider since
However, where we believe that an individual    in order to access social media. These data        publication, and as a result, some figures
metric provides a more reliable reference,      are also more likely to be updated on a            in this year’s reports may appear to have
we’ve used such individual numbers to ensure    regular basis, as social media companies           changed in unexpected ways. Wherever
the most accurate reporting.                    rely on this data to help sell their advertising   we’re aware of these changes, we’ve included
                                                products and services.                             details in the footnotes of each relevant chart,
Furthermore, due to differing data collection                                                      but please use caution when comparing data
and treatment methodologies used by these       As a result, on occasion, we’ve used the latest    from different reports in case the original base
organisations, and the different sample         addressable advertising audience data from         has changed.
periods during which data were collected,       social media platforms’ self-serve advertising
there may be significant differences in the     tools to inform our internet user numbers,         If you have any questions about specific data
reported metrics for similar data points        especially in less-developed economies,            points in these reports, or if you’d like to offer
throughout this report. In particular, data     where ‘official’ internet user numbers are         your organisation’s data for consideration in
collected via surveys often vary from one       published less frequently. Consequently, there     future reports, please email our reports team:
report to another, even if those data were      are a number of instances in this report where     reports@kepios.com.
collected by the same organisation using the    the reported number of social media users
same approach in each wave.                     equals the reported number of internet users.
DISCLAIMER AND IMPORTANT NOTES
This report has been compiled by Kepios Pte.      This report contains data, tables, figures,         anyone else for any direct, indirect, punitive,
Ltd. (“Kepios”), We Are Social Ltd. (“We Are      maps, flags, analyses and technical notes           incidental, special, consequential, exemplary
Social”) and Hootsuite Inc. (“Hootsuite”)         that relate to various geographical territories     or similar loss or damage, or loss or damage
for informational purposes only, and relies       around the world, however reference to              of any kind, suffered by you or anyone else
on data from a wide variety of sources,           these territories and any associated elements       as a result of any use, action or decision taken
including but not limited to public and private   (including names and flags) does not imply          by you or anyone else in any way connected
companies, market research firms, government      the expression of any opinion whatsoever            to this report or the information contained
agencies, NGOs, and private individuals.          on the part of Kepios, We Are Social,               herein, or the result(s) thereof, even if advised
                                                  Hootsuite, or any of the featured brands,           of the possibility of such loss or damage.
While Kepios, We Are Social, and Hootsuite        nor any of those organisations’ partners,
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All information contained in this report          thought or judgment.                                Social, this report and any opinions contained
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