Spring Park OPEN SPACES DEPARTMENT - LOCAL PLAN 2011 2021
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OPEN SPACES DEPARTMENT Spring Park LOCAL PLAN 2011 - 2021
Contents 2
OUR MANAGEMENT PLANS
Contents
Page
Divisional Plan
The Divisional Plan explains about the 3 Background
City of London Corporation and Open
Spaces Department, as well as detailing 4-5 Introduction
our strategy, aims and methods. It also
explains the quality standards we strive
to achieve while carrying out our work 6-16 Description
activities on the City Commons. Location
Ownership
Local Plans
Site status
There are separate Local Plans for the
seven City Commons – you are reading Utility services
the Local Plan for Spring Park. They A valued open space
describe the important features of Physical features
each site and set out a vision for their
Cultural heritage
future management. The Local Plans
explain how the aims are applied to Biological interest
each site and how our work on the site The broader picture
turns a vision into reality. They include a
ten-year work programme for the site,
17 A Vision for Spring Park
setting out our priorities.
Site Manuals 18-31 Aims and actions
The Site Manuals detail the work Service
activities planned to implement our Conservation
aims. They contain annual work
Delivery
programmes, supported by maps and
specifications used to seek relevant
permissions and consents, and to set 32-35 Work Programme 2011-2021
the standards for our work.
36 Contact details & living library
The City of London Corporation The Open Spaces Department
The City of London Corporation is a uniquely The City Corporation owns open spaces, parks and gardens in and around London, as part of
diverse organisation with three main aims: its commitment to sustaining a world-class city. Each open space has charitable status and is
to support and promote the City as the world a unique resource, managed by its Open Spaces Department for the use and enjoyment of
leader in international finance and business the public and for the conservation of historic landscapes and wildlife.
services; to provide high quality local
government services and policing for the The City Commons
Square Mile; and to provide valued services Spring Park is one of seven open spaces managed together as the City Commons. It lies
to London and the nation as a whole. within the London Borough of Bromley, south-west of West Wickham.
The City Commons team will provide:
A legal duty to manage
Quality open spaces – conserve and
The City of London’s open spaces are
enhance our unique landscapes by
protected under their own Acts of
striving for excellence.
Parliament, brought in to acquire land
for the recreation and enjoyment of An inclusive service – engage with
the public and to protect these sites our communities and partners to
from development and enclosure. promote learning, volunteering
The Corporation of London (Open and healthy living.
Spaces) Act 1878 empowers us to
appoint people to protect and A sustainable future – create
manage our open spaces. environmental strategies that
safeguard our open spaces
As a public body, the City Corporation and demonstrate sustainable
is required by law to comply with management.
certain duties relating to conservation,
as set out in the Natural Environment An opportunity for all – promote our
& Rural Communities Act 2006. These services to enable access for all.
require us to take reasonable
measures to enhance the aesthetic, Capable and motivated people – value
cultural, historical and biological our staff and volunteers and support their
interest of our open spaces. personal development.
Background 3
Introduction 4
Spring Park is a 20 hectare (50 acre) area of The City Corporation uses traditional methods
ancient woodland and meadow grassland such as coppicing and hay-making to look
lying within the London Green Belt. It is an after the site. rangers, contractors and
important and diverse part of our local volunteers manage the site, so that present
cultural and natural heritage, shaped by its and future generations of visitors can enjoy
geology, history and previous land use. the open space.
Spring Park remains part of a ‘green arc’ of
parks, gardens and open spaces that links But Spring Park is more than a nature reserve
London with the wider countryside. or museum: it is a place where local people
and visitors from further away can enjoy the
A long history of growing and extracting peace and quiet of the countryside, just a
timber and wood products from the stone’s throw from London.
coppice woodland has heavily influenced
the appearance of the site today. Nature lovers and walkers can explore its
rights of way, enjoying the tranquillity of this
Once part of a larger woodland on the beautiful coppice woodland and meadow.
Wickham Court Estate, Spring Park is an A permissive ride is provided for horse riders
important remnant of this historic landscape. and cyclists along the busy A2022 Addington
The spring line along the length of the Road.
woods gives the site its name.
A programme of guided walks, events and
In conjunction with Shirley Heath and educational activities ensures that school
Threehalfpenny Wood, Spring Park is children and other visitors are able to find out
designated as a Site of Importance for more about the site and its management.
Nature Conservation (Metropolitan grade)
for its ancient woodland enhanced by The landscape we see and value today was
numerous springs and pools. created by a system of management that
lasted hundreds of years. The challenge for This Local Plan outlines the important
In addition the site contains other habitats, the City Corporation is to mix this traditional features and history of the site and explains
including a meadow, scrub edges, management with 21st century expertise the work that will ensure Spring Park
hedgerows and a pond. All these provide and expectations, and to ensure that Spring continues to thrive, both as part of the
homes for a variety of plant and animal Park is more than a green island in the urban local landscape and of a wider green
species. fringe. infrastructure serving Surrey, Kent and
South London.
© Crown copyright. All rights reserved (100023243) 2010 Introduction - Visitor map 5
Site Description - General information 6
Location Site status Like our other open spaces, Spring Park
has charitable status and is funded by the
Spring Park (grid reference TQ 381 649) is Spring Park was acquired and designated a
City of London. The City Corporation claims
situated within the London Borough of Public Open Space under the Corporation
financial entitlements for managing
Bromley. The site lies between the A2022 of London (Open Spaces) Act, 1878.
permanent pasture under the Single
Addington Road, and Woodland Way. It is
Spring Park is not registered common land, Payment Scheme and must meet the
bordered to the north by the residential
becoming exempt in December 1966 under requirements for Cross Compliance.
development of West Wickham. The site
adjoins Croydon Council’s Threehalfpenny Section 11 of the Commons Registration
Wood to the west and Bromley Council’s Act 1965. Therefore there are no rights
Sparrows Den to the east. registered over the site. It lies within the
Metropolitan Green Belt.
Ownership All the woodland at Spring Park (together
In 1926, the City of London Corporation was with Threehalfpenny Wood and Shirley
given the woodland at Spring Park as a gift Heath) is classified by the Greater London
from Colonel Sir Arthur and Stephen Hallam Authority as a Site of Importance for Nature
Farnaby Lennard of Wickham Court. In Conservation (Metropolitan Grade).
1927, the area of open meadow between
the woodland and the Addington Road was
sold to the City Corporation from the same
vendors for a cost of £1623 2s 6d.
Adjoining areas of green space and
agricultural land are owned by Croydon
Council, Bromley Council, Thames Water, the
Girl Guides’ Association, farmers and private
land owners.
Utility services
Two utility companies have statutory rights of
access onto the site to repair and maintain
their structures, apparatus and services.
Visitor appeal Visitor facilities A local resource
Spring Park is well used throughout the year, The site has two small visitor car parks, Our volunteer team meets regularly and
mostly by local residents but also by visitors located along the A2022 Addington Road. contributes to the management of the site.
from further afield. Visitors are attracted by There is no visitor centre, although Volunteers carry out practical tasks, as well
its natural aspect (incongruously close to information is available from the as undertaking wildlife surveys and helping
suburban Surrey, Kent and London) with its Superintendent’s Office in Ashtead (open with our events throughout the year.
diverse wildlife and local distinctiveness. Monday to Friday, 9am to 4.30pm) and on
three wooden notice boards. The low-key Visitors use the site for informal recreation –
watching nature, walking and running – and
Visitor access countryside furniture is made from local
sustainable timber and helps provide to participate in organised events licensed
The site is easily accessed by visitors, the by the City Corporation. Where possible, the
majority of whom come from the surrounding access for all.
Rangers respond positively to requests from
residential areas. There are regular tram local schools and colleges to use Spring Park
services from East Croydon Station to Community involvement
as an ‘outdoor classroom’.
Addington Village and bus links to Croydon, A ‘community approach’ encourages local
West Wickham and Bromley, with the closest people to become involved in all aspects of
railway station at West Wickham. A the management of the site. Many of our
permissive ride also runs along the A2022 local visitors act as ‘eyes and ears’ on the
Addington Road and the London LOOP trail site, reporting any problems to the rangers.
runs through the site.
Site Description - A valued open space 7
Site Description - Physical features 8
Topography The soils are mesotrophic or moderately Hydrology
acidic sands and clays. Soils overlaying
Spring Park lies along a slope running Spring Park owes its name to the spring line
south-west to north-east, with the highest the pebbles are particularly unproductive, that runs along the length of the woods
point, at 95m above sea-level, where the whilst those overlaying the sands and about half way down the slope, where the
woodland meets Woodland Way. The loams are less acid and more productive. beds of pebbles meet the underlying hard
meadow lies in a flat, dry river valley The meadow soils are well-drained, friable shelly layer of clay. The springs drain down
alongside the Addington Road. soils of silty sands and gravel, with pockets the slope, still remaining damp even during
of clay. These are derived from the dry summer months. Although the grassland
Geology and soils underlying alluvial gravels, with no on the valley bottom would have been
discernable influence from the underlying subject to seasonal flooding from the
On the wooded ridge, the chalk strata of chalk.
the North Downs are overlain by fine and Bourne in the past, this river has now been
coarse-grained sands, clays, loams and piped deep underground to prevent future
pebbles. The meadow overlies remnant flooding.
gravels from the dry river valley. A small pond was excavated in 1993 at the
edge of the woodland, near the foot of the
slope and located in the same position as
one shown on the 1897 OS 1:2500 map. It is
the only permanent standing water on the
site.
Site Description - Map of important features 9
Site Description - Cultural heritage 10
Past land use More recently, the City Corporation has Archaeology and historic environment
balanced its provision for recreation with the
Spring Park is an ancient coppice woodland The south-west boundary of Spring Park
need to conserve the important cultural
and meadow lying over poor quality soils. It coincides with the old Kent-Surrey County
and natural features of the site.
is a small fragment of a forest that used to boundary, along which a line of
extend across much of what is now the town During the first years of the Second World small-leaved lime trees occurs, originally
of West Wickham, and was originally part of War, timber was extracted from the wood pollarded. A distinct bank and ditch also
the Wickham Court Estate. and used by the Home Guard for training marks this boundary and can be traced
purposes. The Canadian Army also spent along its entire length, including southwards
A 1485 map of field names refers to the site
some time at Spring Park, possibly explaining to the Addington Road and on the rising
as an extensive area called “Newe Parke”.
the presence of a rough brick and rubble land south of the pumping station. A smaller
The meadow is referred to as “Weste Fielde”,
path through the centre of the wood. wood bank lies along the south-eastern
suggesting it was unwooded even then.
boundary of the woodland, separating it
The Kent Archives contain a reference to from the meadow.
Spring Park in a 1567 survey by Anthony
Calthorpe of manorial woods in the area. A Portland stone
The survey refers to the importance of drinking fountain
coppice management, and to the damage near Woodland
caused by cattle and rabbits to this area of Way is inscribed in
woodland. commemoration of
Margaret Anderson
The meadow’s more fertile soils made this
McAndrew, who
land valuable for crops or as a hay meadow.
lived in Wickham
Its proximity to the manor of West Wickham
House from
would have added further value, and thus
the woodland was likely to have been 1881-1925, and is
cleared early in the manor’s history, possibly a reminder that
even as far back as the Roman era. Spring Park was
once part of a
The site was acquired by the City of London much larger
Corporation in 1926 and has been used as estate. This
a public open space since then. At the time structure is on
of the transfer, it would almost certainly also Bromley Council’s
have been valued for sport and games, and Local List of
a licence for this was retained by the buildings to be
vendors when the site was conveyed to the protected.
City of London Corporation.Coppice woodland The meadow Veteran trees
The ancient woodland of Spring Park has a Old meadows are an important relic of the There are important trees on the site,
long history of coppice management. agricultural and pastoral landscape of this represented mainly by mature coppice and
Dating from medieval times, the coppicing area. Lennard’s estate map of 1772 shows maiden oak trees, and located throughout
of trees and shrubs used to be widespread, the Spring Park meadow split into Little the woodland and along old boundaries.
as it allowed woodlands to be harvested for Kent Field and the larger Kent Field. The The lines of old pollarded small-leaved limes
a regular crop of wood. tithe map of 1840 shows Little Kent Field as on the western and southern boundary are
pasture and Kent Field as arable land. an important feature. Some of these trees
Early records describe the woods of West
Wickham as “crowned with woodland The meadow is bordered on two sides by may be veterans.
yielding a quick growth of underwood”. hedgerows. As well
Planting and coppice of sweet chestnut in as marking the
Spring Park is believed to have commenced boundary of the field,
around the mid-nineteenth century, when these hedges would
demand was at its highest. have been a source
of fencing material,
However, at the end of the nineteenth firewood and browse
century, the growing use of coal meant the for animals, harvested
demand for woodland products fell, and so by coppicing trees
coppicing also declined. It was reintroduced and shrubs.
by the City Corporation in 1985, which
has increased the diversity of both the
understorey and field layer. Veteran trees are trees which, because of their great age, size
or condition, are of exceptional value culturally, in the landscape,
or for wildlife. They are a feature found in most of the City
Corporation’s parks, gardens and open spaces.
The coppice stools on Spring Park were once harvested for
fodder, firewood and fencing materials. Such trees are an
important part of our cultural heritage.
A coppice is a tree that has been cut at (or just above) ground
level, so that it sends up new branches. Coppicing has the effect
of retarding vertical growth and prolonging the lifespan of the tree.
Site Description - Cultural heritage 11Site Description - Biological interest 12
Biodiversity Woodland Old growth and deadwood
Spring Park is a semi-natural environment. The predominant semi-natural woodland type The decaying wood associated with old
The vegetation and wildlife found here result is oak, although sweet chestnut has also growth in woodland is a habitat of national
from the physical features, climate, and past been planted for coppice throughout the importance. Additional decay is found both
and current land use. It is best described as woodland. The drier soils at the top of the in standing deadwood and fallen trees, logs
a coppice woodland and meadow. slope favour silver and downy birch, while and branches.
hazel and bluebells are more prevalent on the
A visitor to Spring Park a hundred years ago richer clay soils lower down. Alder woodland Old growth and deadwood support
would have found a working coppice occurs in small pockets along the spring line. specialised and rare species of plants and
woodland. In the course of the past 80 animals, which rely on wood decay for one
years, with less intensive management some There is also a small but thriving population of or more stages of their life cycles. Holes and
of the coppice has grown into mature trees, small-leaved limes throughout the woodland, hollows created by this process, mainly in the
and oak standards stand tall and wide in mainly neglected coppice with around 80+ oak standards and coppice stools, provide
girth throughout the woodland. years’ growth. homes for birds and bats.
The habitats described below are like pieces
of a jigsaw, albeit that their sum is greater
than the individual parts in supporting the
wildlife we value today.
Lowland mixed deciduous woodland is a
priority habitat under the UK Biodiversity
Action Plan (BAP). The coppice supports Biodiversity Action Plan (BAP): Ancient woodland has been in existence since
assemblages of wildflowers and insects. at least AD 1600 and is composed of native
a nationwide scheme to conserve the
tree species.
variety of life on our planet, proposed
Secondary woodland has grown up on land
at the 1992 biodiversity summit in Rio. that has previously been cleared of trees. It
As part of this government initiative, lacks the overall diversity of undisturbed
each Local Authority has drawn up a ancient woodland.
local BAP that identifies habitats and Scrub is an ecotone (a transition zone)
between woodland and open grassland. It
species under threat and contains is dominated by shrubs and small trees and is
plans to reverse their decline. important for invertebrates and breeding birds.Scrub Grassland Freshwater and wetland
Whilst scrub forms a transition between The majority of grassland is found in the The seasonal streams fed by the springs that
open grassland and woodland, it is also an meadow, which was cut annually for hay run through the woodland add significantly
important habitat in its own right, providing until 1966. Since then, it has been managed to the diversity of the site. Those springs,
‘bed and breakfast’ for communities of as amenity grassland, with rugby pitches where the ground is at least moist even
breeding and migrant birds. Thorny bushes cut several times through each growing in the driest of summers, ensure that the
and young trees provide ideal nesting season. Hay-making was reintroduced in stands of alder and other wetland-loving
habitats, while the variety of berries and 1991, when the rugby pitch nearest the plants and insects thrive in the otherwise dry
seeds, together with the abundance of south-western end of the meadow was no woodland.
insects living in open grassland, offers a longer needed.
diverse food source throughout the year. The pond is the only area of standing water
Floristically, the meadow now supports a on Spring Park and provides a home for
Scrub is a component of the woodland relatively restricted variety of plants significant breeding populations of
edge habitat and is found in places along characteristic of neutral-acid soil but also damselflies and dragonflies, adding to the
the woodland-meadow boundary. There is includes the national rarity, greater overall diversity of the site.
also a stand of blackthorn scrub along the yellow-rattle. The north-eastern third of the
south- western end of the meadow. meadow, once an arable field and still
used for rugby, is relatively species-poor,
Hedgerows while the south-west section, historically
pasture, is floristically more diverse.
The two hedgerows found at Spring
Park, along the south-western and
southern sides of the meadow, are
relatively recent additions to the site,
having both been planted on new
earth banks in 1990. The longest
section alongside the Addington
Road was planted when the road
was widened and the old hedgerow
lost. The hedges were created
using a diverse range of native
woody shrubs, and are providing
an increasingly important habitat
and natural corridor for a wide
variety of wildlife.
Site Description - Biological interest 13Site Description - Biological interest 14
Important species A survey in 1995-6 recorded 346 species of
insect at Spring Park, excluding butterflies
The assemblages of flora and fauna
and moths. These included 2 Red Data Book
associated with the site are mainly of local
species, 15 nationally notable species and
importance.
63 locally important species. The stag
Fungi, Lichens & Bryophytes beetle, the larvae of which live in the
decaying wood of deciduous trees, is a
Fungi are an integral component of
priority species in both the UK and Bromley
ecosystems. They play a key role in driving
Biodiversity Action Plans.
the process of wood decay and
decomposition of organic matter. Various Since 2006, dragonflies and damselflies have
records are held for Spring Park, with a been recorded by a local volunteer, mainly
number of important species recognised in by the pond. To date, 13 species have been
recent surveys. recorded, many breeding, including the
Invertebrates nationally notable ruddy darter dragonfly.
In the past, regular visits by local naturalists Several species of solitary bee are known to
to Spring Park and adjacent woodland use the dry path on the northern edge of
found 21 species of butterfly. There are the meadow for burrows. These merit further
occasional records for white admiral, silver study.
washed fritillary, dark green fritillary and
chalkhill blue. The fritillary caterpillars feed
on violets and it is to be hoped that these
species may become more common with
the resumption of coppicing in areas of
the wood.
Vascular plants
Botanical interest centres on the species
of the ancient woodland, while the
meadow includes the national rarity,
greater yellow-rattle. The site is notable for
its small-leaved limes, providing the best
example of a “lime-wood” in Greater
London.Fish, amphibians and reptiles Birds Mammals
Common frog, toad and newt breed in the Comprehensive records are maintained, The resident mammals are mainly common
pond and can often be found in the spring including a point survey undertaken in species that are an integral part of the
ditches. Slow worm has also been recorded 1991-2 and a Common Bird Census in part biodiversity and food chains on the site.
in the meadow. of the wood in 1994-8. Bird transects have
There is evidence that badgers forage
been undertaken every month since
through the woodland from a sett in Bromley
February 2003.
Council’s Cheyne Wood. Various bat
species also visit the site, including pipistrelles
(common and soprano) and serotines along
the woodland edge.
Undesirable species
The following non-native plant species have
been identified as being detrimental to the
biodiversity of the woodland: Norway
maple; laurel; Portuguese laurel; Spanish
bluebell; sycamore. Common ragwort is
classified as a notifiable weed and a
problem for making hay.
Site Description - Biological interest 15Our place in the broader landscape 16
The broader picture London Downlands - All London Green Grid Area 7
Historically, Spring Park was part of a larger tract of woodland
on the Wickham Court Estate. We work with our neighbours
and other bodies to explore and develop opportunities for
enhancing the wider landscape and habitats.
For example, our open space is located within the Green Grid
area known as London’s Downlands, in which we are working
with others to improve access and enhance biodiversity.
The Site of Interest for Nature Conservation (SINC) designation
covers Spring Park, together with neighbouring Threehalfpenny WW
Wood and Shirley Heath. We work closely with Bromley Council SP
and Croydon Council to ensure the sites are managed in a
complementary way to maintain their important features.
Spring Park is in the Environment Agency catchment area for RD
the Bourne, which feeds the River Beck. The site lies within the KC
FD
Metropolitan Green Belt and, as such, the relevant policies of CC
the Local Development Framework for the London Borough of
Bromley apply to its management. We also seek to deliver the
aims of the targeting statement for the Joint Character Area
known as the North Kent Plain.
Partnership working is, of course, reciprocal. For example, as
part of a project to identify areas of opportunity for enhancing
biodiversity across the country, Wildlife Trusts are mapping
protected sites and important habitats. This work will help put
Spring Park into a wider living landscape.
Looking to the future, the City Corporation is committed to
acquiring appropriate land next to the site to increase its
sphere of protection, and to working with other organisations
and landowners to benefit the wider environment.What does the future hold? Spring Park will be known for its veteran oaks Our rangers and volunteers remain
and small-leaved lime trees, with wildflowers motivated and empowered to protect and
The City of London Corporation is
and insects flourishing in sun-lit glades. conserve Spring Park for future generations.
committed to safeguarding the long-term
They will promote opportunities for all to be
future of Spring Park. We will apply People will relax in a meadow awash with
involved in caring for, understanding and
traditional methods of land management in wildflowers and grasses, cut every year for
enjoying their local open space.
a modern way to maintain Spring Park as a hay but with refuges of long grass left on the
high quality and accessible open space for edges for wildlife. Hedgerows planted along
local people to enjoy. old field boundaries, bedecked with blossom
and berries, will provide shelter and food for
Visitors will experience a thriving coppiced
birds and small mammals.
woodland and the diverse community of
plants and animals it supports. Local people will be actively involved in our
work, to promote the historical and natural
heritage of Spring Park. We will seek
opportunities to ensure Spring Park continues
to be recognised as part of a broader living
landscape.
The following sections of this local plan
outline the steps we will take to turn
vision into reality.
A Vision for Spring Park 17Aims and Actions 18
Aim 1: To protect boundaries and important features, in order to keep Spring Park as an open space for the future.
One of the most significant aspects of Spring Park is its ownership by the City of London Corporation, both in terms of the level of protection
and continuity provided by the 1878 Act, and in the commitment of resources to manage the open space.
Patrolling and enforcing byelaws Reporting incidents, accidents and We provide an out-of-hours call service
dangerous occurrences and take appropriate action on receiving
Our uniformed rangers play a key role in
emergency calls.
protecting the site by carrying out frequent The main problems affecting the site include
patrols, promoting responsible use, educating dogs not being kept under effective control,
and advising visitors and, where necessary, dog faeces, fly-tipping and unauthorized
Managing boundaries and entrances
enforcing byelaws. The byelaws prohibit or motor vehicles (especially motorcycles) that The rangers regularly check the condition
control certain activities, especially those that cause ground damage. of the boundary ditches and banks,
could damage the site, pose a risk to visitors, entrances and structures. We manage
or detract from their enjoyment of the site. As part of our enforcement policy, the City
vegetation on the residential boundaries
Corporation uses a ‘community approach’,
and highway verges of the site and remove
Patrols cover the whole site but take encouraging local people to act as the
any encroachments.
particular account of the areas next to roads ‘eyes and ears’ of the organisation and
and houses, which are subject to higher use report any potentially harmful activities to Residential properties bordering the site
and therefore potentially greater misuse. the rangers as soon as possible. enter into a licence agreement with the
City Corporation in respect of access onto
We investigate and record all incidents,
the open space via hand gates.
accidents and dangerous occurrences on
the day of reporting, take action to resolve
problems, and then share appropriate Keeping the site cleaned and
information with our local emergency services. well-maintained
The rangers ensure any graffiti, vandalism,
litter or waste dumped on the site is
removed. We pick up litter from all high-use
areas twice each week and any fly-tipping
is removed within 24 hours of its being
reported.Installing and maintaining gates, fences Working with emergency services
and posts We aim to develop and maintain good
We install structures at entrances and on working relationships with the local
our boundaries to prevent unauthorised emergency services, which we rely on
vehicular access. Gates are installed to to help protect the site.
provide access through hedges and fences.
We attend regular panel meetings of the
Safer Neighbourhood Team for West
Controlling development
Wickham, where incidents and crime
We have a responsibility to ensure that our prevention issues are discussed.
open space is not adversely affected by
development of the immediate environs or
in the wider environment. Personal Safety
There is often a perception among
We need to know about proposed
developments or land sales close to Spring visitors, particularly with regard to
Park. women and children, that parks,
gardens and open spaces are not safe
Issuing licence agreements places to visit. Generally, the facts do
not support the perception.
Wayleaves and easements are negotiated
by the City Surveyor and managed to Since 2007, the City Corporation has
prevent misuse of the site. Organised committed resources to open up and
activities and events are controlled with improve entrances and the network of
licences issued by the Superintendent. wooded paths on the site to address
local concerns about personal safety.
This work continues to enhance the
visitor experience on the site.
Patrolling by the rangers is organised so
that the site is walked regularly. They
remove litter, check structures are safe,
identify encroachments, and provide
advice and support to visitors.
Aims and Actions 19Aims and Actions 20
Aim 2: To manage access, facilities and opportunities for recreation, so that people can continue to enjoy Spring Park.
Spring Park is managed for the quiet enjoyment of the public. Organised events and activities are controlled by licence, in order to protect
the site and maintain its appeal as a venue for informal countryside recreation.
Keeping rights of way open Providing and maintaining facilities Maintaining amenity grassland and
The site is managed as a public open space Although there are no formal recreational sports pitches
under the Corporation of London (Open facilities on the site, its two car parks, City We mow areas of grassland close to the
Spaces) Act, 1878, which allows access on Corporation byelaw boards and drinking car park and along the roadside verges to
foot to all areas by all persons at all times. In fountain all require regular maintenance. maintain their amenity use by visitors, as well
addition, there is one permissive ride along We work in partnership with the City Surveyor as the sight-lines at road junctions.
the Addington Road, which may be used by to inspect annually our buildings, structures
walkers, cyclists and horse riders. and surfaces to keep these in good repair. The eastern area of meadow is leased each
autumn under licence to the Croydon
We inspect the two public rights of way and Installing and maintaining countryside Rugby Club for use as two rugby pitches,
keep them free of unnecessary obstructions, furniture and we mow this twice a year for their use.
in accordance with local standards set by We aim to maintain a balance here
Bromley Council. There is also a wide range of more rural between amenity use and wildlife value.
countryside furniture. We regularly inspect
Our annual programme of work to manage way markers, fingerposts, notice-boards and
paths and rides includes brush-cutting them benches, and make safe or repair any
as necessary throughout the growing season. damage.Aim 3: To include local communities in all aspects of our work, thereby promoting greater knowledge and understanding of Spring Park. Spring Park is managed by a team of rangers, with the active involvement of the local community. It is important to us that the community in West Wickham feels a sense of ownership, pride and responsibility towards the site. A key component of our ‘community approach’ is to gather, interpret and share information about the site and our activities, to promote greater knowledge and understanding. Consulting local committees, groups and Liaising with statutory agencies, associations authorities and utility companies It would be impossible to manage the site We consult with Natural England to ensure effectively without input from others, and we that the management of Spring Park rely on consultation with a wide range of contributes to work being undertaken within individuals and organisations. the wider environment. Established in 2004, the Consultative We also work particularly closely with Committee meets twice a year and is Croydon and Bromley Councils, which composed of representatives from a range manage the surrounding open spaces, to of local groups, organisations, authorities protect the site and to implement the and other stakeholders. Wider public Councils’ Biodiversity Action Plans. consultation is sought through the use of questionnaires, surveys, working groups, Wider consultation with other agencies and meetings, newsletters, guided walks and authorities is sought through forums such as open days. Green Grid and Green Space. The West Wickham and Spring Park Volunteers and other volunteer groups are represented on the Consultative Committee and are consulted regularly about the work they do on the site. We publish a detailed annual programme of activities and events for volunteers via the website (www.cityoflondon.gov.uk) and produce regular newsletters. Aims and Actions 21
Aims and Actions 22
Gathering information by research and Sharing information about the site Facilitating educational activities and
surveys Information about wildlife, history, practical school visits
The City Corporation encourages research on work, educational activities, recreational The site is a valuable educational resource
the site. Information collected so far includes events and ways of becoming involved is and our programme of educational
maps, photographs, historical surveys and interpreted and shared by: activities attracts local families, primary
biological data. We deliver a programme of and secondary schools, and youth groups.
research and surveys linked to our aims. ◆ contributing articles for a twice-yearly We issue licences for these visits.
newsletter, monthly web updates and
Rangers and volunteers survey dragonflies, other local publications;
damselflies and birds each year. Consultants
and local experts undertake specialised ◆ providing an annual programme of
ecological studies. Information about the walks, talks, displays and events;
broader landscape and habitats is gathered ◆ creating leaflets, posters and
through aerial photography and vegetation notice-board items;
surveys.
◆ day-to-day contact with the rangers.
We respond favourably to requests to carry
out research and surveys on Spring Park,
usually within ten working days of their
receipt, and require information gathered
to be shared.
Attending seminars, conferences
and forums
Seminars, conferences and forums offer a
way of sharing and gaining expertise,
whether within the Open Spaces Department
or across the countryside industry.
Local and regional opportunities include the
Bromley Biodiversity Action Plan Partnership,
London Parks & Green Spaces Forum, and
the Ancient Tree Forum.Aim 4: To maintain important physical features and structures on our open space, in order to preserve the integrity of
Spring Park.
The varied geology and soils, and their drainage properties, are an important aspect of the site and its management. The spring line, wet
ditches and freshwater pond are an integral part of Spring Park.
Maintaining ditches and banks Creating and maintaining ponds and Maintaining and restoring water courses
There is a woodbank along the boundary scrapes With seasonal water courses on site and a
with Threehalfpenny Wood, which marks the With one permanent pond already, there is permanent pond, we are mindful of our
old Kent-Surrey County boundary, and a opportunity to create a second pond in the responsibilities for water quality. We need
smaller woodbank along the south-eastern woodland near Sparrows Den. We also to assess our impact on the physical
boundary of the woodland separating it carry out work on the current pond annually environment, in particular the groundwater
from the meadow. These are the product of with volunteers, in line with current good and nearby watercourses.
past human activity and, as such, are key practice.
components of the historic environment. We We inspect drains and culverts regularly,
aim to protect them for future generations. and make safe and repair any damage.
We also inspect and clear seasonal streams
after periods of heavy rainfall.
Surveillance and monitoring climate,
hydrology and soils
Data needs to be gathered to evaluate our
impact on hydrology and soils, and to
quantify the need to alleviate local flooding
and manage water flow. As part of a wider
initiative, we will investigate how we gather
and collate data about climate change.
Aims and Actions 23Aims and Actions 24
Aim 5: To safeguard the archaeological features and historic landscape, so that we conserve the cultural heritage of
Spring Park.
Spring Park is recognised locally for its coppice woodland and meadow, a part of our historic landscape. The Portland Stone drinking
fountain is on Bromley Council’s Local List of buildings to be protected.
Looking after the archaeological and Maintaining other historical features important features will be assessed to identify
historic environment if they are veteran trees and establish
The City Corporation works with the Historic
whether or not their condition requires
We are developing conservation plans for Environment Field Advisor from English
remedial work to maintain and restore them.
the management of the archaeological Heritage to develop a programme for
features and historic environment. All conserving historic features, which include Maintaining and restoring veteran trees
historic features are vulnerable to damage the Portland stone drinking fountain.
by compaction from walkers and machinery. Where necessary, we will fell younger trees
around the veterans to free them from
We visit the important features during our Surveying and monitoring veteran trees
excess shading. Where necessary, we will
patrols and work with other agencies to Initial surveys of notable trees have started also undertake gradual crown reduction, to
ensure these features are not damaged or by identifying and mapping the various reduce the likelihood of them splitting apart
disturbed by illegal treasure hunters. It is not mature trees and old coppice stools. These or dropping large, heavy limbs.
permitted to use a metal or mineral detector
on the site.
Coppice woodland – a historic landscape
In order to maintain and restore this historic landscape, we
manage the coppice woodland by cutting a different area
(coupe) each year cycle, to maximize the wildlife potential of
this habitat. There are two species that we coppice: sweet
chestnut is coppiced every 16 years and hazel every 10 years.
Cutting a different area each year creates varied age and
structure throughout the woodland, which encourages a
diversity of ground flora and therefore fauna to use the
woodland. It also maintains a traditional practice in an area
that has been managed in this way for hundreds of years.© Crown copyright. All rights reserved (100023243) 2010 Aims and Actions - Map of management options 25
Aims and Actions 26
Aim 6: To improve habitats and the natural environment for wildlife, so that we enhance biodiversity on Spring Park.
We aim to manage the site as a dynamic mosaic of habitats and, in particular, maintain and restore the diversity of structure, age and
composition of the areas of ancient woodland and meadow. Although the site is split into six management compartments, these are
managed as a whole to contribute to the overall biodiversity of the site.
Maintaining and restoring woodland Pollards may be created on a small scale,
particularly in hedgerows and along the Dead wood
We manage our woodlands by ensuring we
woodland edge. Pollarding will be used to Dead wood from cut and fallen tree
maintain a diversity of age, species and
encourage new growth on trees, by cutting trunks and branches is, where possible,
structure in the canopy, understorey and
above the height of browsing deer. left intact or in pieces that are as large
herb layers. To do this, we follow a
programme of coppicing, pollarding and Some trees may be deliberately damaged as possible and close to the parent
felling as appropriate. by ‘coronet cuts’ and other techniques to tree. This material is only moved for
create a deadwood habitat. This will safety or access reasons. Where
Coppicing is used to restore woodlands that possible, we try to keep all manner of
encourage early fungal infection and
were historically used to produce wood dead wood on site to enhance
decay, creating niches for the plants and
products. It is also used on the edges of biodiversity.
animals associated with the hollows in old
rides and glades, as well as along
trees.
hedgerows, to create an edge habitat
between the open ride or pasture and the Wherever possible, we aim to create and
scrub or woodland habitat beyond. maintain dead wood, by encouraging the
important process of wood decay in our
retained trees and woodland.Creating and maintaining rides and Cutting and laying hedgerows Managing vegetation in freshwater and
glades The species-rich hedges around the wetland habitats
A ride is an open tract of land through meadow are managed by laying and The freshwater and wetland habitats will be
woodland and scrub, often along a path or cutting as necessary each year. Historically, managed to enhance biodiversity wherever
wayleave (over or under a utility line). We other hedgerows split the meadow and we possible. We will commission a pond survey
establish rides to support wildlife, improve will investigate the possibilities of restoring to seek recommendations for maintaining
access, and create a transition from the these. and improving the pond.
open path to the shrubs and trees beyond.
Mowing to maintain and restore Controlling undesirable species
Whilst there is limited opportunity at Spring grassland
Park to create rides, the woodland edges We assess the threat posed to biodiversity
are managed like rides, and temporary The majority of the meadow at Spring Park by potentially undesirable species. Where
glades are created throughout the is managed mechanically, cutting a crop necessary, we control invasive undesirable
woodland by coppicing. of hay annually and creating a wild flower species by digging, pulling, cutting and
meadow. Although this method of applying selective herbicides.
Maintaining and restoring successional managing grassland can encourage floristic
diversity at the time of cutting, it tends to Laurel, Portuguese laurel and sycamore are
areas and scrub routinely treated with herbicide to prevent
leave grassland devoid of insects and
Ongoing management over the past ten their spread through the woodland.
ground-nesting birds.
years has ensured that the scrub has not
encroached into the meadow, yet has kept
a varied age and structure. However, if left
unchecked, these areas would develop into
secondary woodland.
We will establish and maintain a mix of scrub
along the meadow edge, by cutting trees
and shrubs annually.
Aims and Actions 27Aims and Actions 28
Aim 7: To care for people’s health, safety and welfare, to ensure that Spring Park is a safe, secure and accessible
place for all.
We aim to meet all the requirements of the Health & Safety at Work Act 1974, as well as all regulations and related policy and procedures
set out by the City of London Corporation, in order to ensure the health, safety and welfare of our employees, volunteers, contractors and
visitors to the site.
Implementing the annual Health & Inspecting buildings, yards, roads Inspecting surfaces,
Safety Plan and boards facilities and
We implement a Health & Safety Plan for the We carry out monthly inspections of all countryside furniture
City Commons and include any actions in buildings, yards, roads and byelaw boards. We undertake monthly
our annual work programme. Our site and Any damage or defects are notified to the inspections of all paths,
facilities are inspected annually by safety City Surveyor and their contractors rides, gates, fences
auditors from other open spaces, and an complete any necessary repair work. and other countryside
annual plan to improve safety is furniture. Any
prepared from their recommendations. maintenance and
repair work is carried
Identifying hazards and reducing risks out by our rangers,
We ensure risk volunteers or local
assessments and contractors. We
safe systems of purchase any materials, and hire machinery
work are and equipment needed to carry out the
completed and work.
recorded before
activities are
Inspecting trees for hazards and
undertaken on the managing risks
site. We regularly The Open Spaces Department has a Tree
inspect tools, Risk Management Policy that balances risk
protective reduction with the need to conserve
equipment and notable trees and deadwood. Employees
clothing used by and contractors undertake annual tree
our employees inspections and any necessary remedial
and volunteers. works.Aim 8: To use our resources efficiently, so that we continue delivering excellence and value on Spring Park.
As part of a local authority, we have a duty to ensure that we provide ‘best value’ in our open space management. The City of London
Corporation consistently delivers excellence through its activities, and we strive to maintain this standard at Spring Park.
Investing in people’s performance Inspecting and servicing vehicles, Controlling local risk budgets and
at work machinery and equipment income
In conjunction with West Wickham Common The rangers and volunteers work out of the Our activities and resources at Spring Park
and Riddlesdown, Spring Park is managed site offices at Spring Park and Riddlesdown, are funded by the City Corporation from
by a team of three full-time rangers, where their vehicles, machinery, equipment City’s Cash, at no cost to the local
supported by other staff. They are assisted and tools are also stored. They also have community. We control expenditure of
by local and visiting volunteers and local access to additional resources at our budgets to deliver our work activities
contractors. All employees and volunteers Merlewood Estate Office. efficiently and sustainably.
are offered opportunities for learning and
development, guided by annual reviews of These assets are inspected regularly and Our annual income is supplemented by
individuals and teams. serviced by local contractors. We replace grants and other capital funding. In line
vehicles, machinery and equipment in with our charitable status, there is also a
accordance with guidance from the donations fund.
Transport Improvement Group for the City
Corporation. Legal agreements can raise an additional
income from nominal charges for hand-gate
licences, and through easements and
wayleaves for utility companies and
vehicular access.
The City Corporation currently receives
annual income from the Single Payment
Scheme for the hay meadow.
We are working with Natural England on
an application for Higher Level Stewardship
for all the City Commons which, if successful,
will secure funds for our conservation work.
Aims and Actions 29Aims and Actions 30
Aim 9: To follow good practice to sustain economic, environmental and social development, on and around Spring
Park.
We are committed to supporting the City of London Corporation in delivering sustainable development through its activities. We respect
the limits of our planet’s resources, and seek to improve the local environment and enhance biodiversity.
Preparing and reviewing Business and Preparing and reviewing project and Providing volunteer opportunities to
Management Plans contract specifications individuals and groups
Our integrated Business and Management As part of our planning, we prepare Our ‘community approach’ is firmly based
Plans strive to ensure that sustainable specifications to guide our work activities, on working with local people to recognise
development is taken into account in all our seek consents and inform employees, and address issues affecting the site, its
activities, above and beyond our work to volunteers and contractors. environs, and the wider built and natural
enhance biodiversity. Effective and environment.
innovative planning can reduce the We also work with others to help build a
resources we use. However, it is inevitable strong, stable and sustainable local We offer opportunities for volunteers to get
that active land management generates economy. We apply the City Corporation’s involved in practical conservation work
by-products that no longer offer commercial purchasing directives to support local and wildlife monitoring.
benefit and may incur a cost for disposal as business. We aim to help these traders and
waste. Where possible, these by-products contractors meet best practice. Providing apprenticeships & work
are reused or recycled locally. experience
We use methods that do not harm important
features, ensure Cross Compliance is We respond favourably where possible to
For example, our
achieved, enhance biodiversity and requests for work experience and provide
contractors sell firewood
encourage sustainable development. training opportunities through work
and timber and harvest
a hay crop from our placements, internships and apprenticeships.
meadow. We build
wooden benches and
other countryside
furniture from felled
timber. Some woody
material and cut grass
is piled on site to provide
habitats for reptiles, birds
and small mammals.Applying for Green Flag and Green Implementing the Sustainability Audit Monitoring the condition of the open
Heritage Awards System spaces
We not only manage our sites to conserve We are working with colleagues in the Open A key aspect of ensuring that the site remains
historic landscapes and improve biodiversity, Spaces Department to develop a system for in a favourable condition is the development
but also aim to demonstrate environmental auditing our performance with regard to of a programme of monitoring.
good practice in a variety of other ways. sustainable development, in a similar
Our plans and work programmes will only be
approach to managing health and safety.
Energy conservation measures can be as effective if we are aware of – and able to
simple as switching off lights, or as complex This will enable us to measure and monitor respond to – changes to the site and to the
as assessing the impact of our vehicles and the success (or otherwise) of measures local and wider environment.
machinery and then taking appropriate introduced to increase sustainability in every
We already gather data about habitats and
measures, such as modernising our fleet. aspect of our operations.
species, which are used to inform
We have promoted our success in meeting conservation management plans. Now, as
the sustainability challenge while providing a part of our commitment to addressing the
public service, by successfully applying for impact of global climate change, we need
Green Flag Awards. to support research into local climate, soils
and hydrology.
Aims and Actions 31Work Programme 2011 – 2021 32
This section lists the work activities that will be carried out over a 10-year programme
to achieve the aims of this Local Plan.
The site is divided into six compartments, shown on this map.
© Crown copyright. All rights reserved (100023243) 2010
The tables on the following pages show the priority allocated to each activity in each year of
the plan and where the work will be carried out. In addition, the Department Business Plan
sets out key projects and performance indicators that are applicable to the management of
West Wickham Common.Ref Protection HLS 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Compartment Team
P1 Patrolling & enforcing byelaws 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ALL OT
P2 Reporting incidents, accidents & dangerous occurrences 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ALL ALL
P3 Managing boundaries & entrances 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ALL OT
P4 Keeping the site cleaned & well-maintained 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ALL OT
P5 Installing and maintaining gates, fences and posts 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ALL OT
P6 Controlling development 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ALL MT
P7 Issuing licence agreements 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ALL MT
P8 Working with emergency services 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ALL OT
Recreation HLS 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
R1 Keeping rights of way open 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ALL OT
R3 Providing & maintaining facilities 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ALL OT
R4 Installing & maintaining countryside furniture 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ALL OT
R5 Maintaining amenity grassland & sports pitches 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 OT
Inclusion HLS 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
I1 Consulting local committees, groups & associations 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ALL MT
I2 Liaising with statutory agencies, authorities & utility companies 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ALL MT
I4 Gathering information by research & surveys 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ALL PT/OT
I5 Sharing information about the site 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ALL PT/OT
I6 Facilitating educational activities & school visits 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 ALL PT/OT
I7 Attending seminars, conferences & forums 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 ALL
Work Programme 2011 – 2021 33Work Programme 2011 – 2021 34
Ref Physical Features HLS 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Compartment Team
PF1 Maintaining ditches & banks 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 ALL OT
PF2 Creating & maintaining ponds & scrapes 3 4 OT
PF3 Maintaining & restoring water courses 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 23 OT
PF4 Surveillance & monitoring climate, hydrology & soils 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 ALL PT
Cultural Heritage HLS 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
CH1 Looking after the archaeological and historic environment 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ALL OT
CH3 Maintaining other historical features 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 6 OT
CH4 Surveying & monitoring veteran trees 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 23456 OT
CH5 Maintaining & restoring veteran trees HLS 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 23456 OT
Biological Interest HLS 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
BI1 Maintaining & restoring woodland HLS 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 23456 OT
BI2 Creating & maintaining rides & glades 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 23456 OT
BI3 Maintaining & restoring successional areas & scrub HLS 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 OT
BI5 Mowing & removing cuttings to maintain grassland 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 OT
BI9 Restoring, cutting & laying hedgerows 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 OT
BI10 Managing vegetation in freshwater & wetland habitats 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 OT
BI11 Controlling undesirable species 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ALL OTRef Health & Safety HLS 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Compartment Team
HS1 Implementing the annual Health & Safety Plan 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 OT
HS2 Identifying hazards & reducing risks 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ALL OT
HS3 Inspecting buildings, yards, roads & boards 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ALL OT
HS4 Inspecting surfaces, facilities & countryside furniture 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ALL OT
HS5 Inspecting trees for hazards & managing risks 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ALL OT
Finance HLS 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
F1 Investing in people's performance at work 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 MT
F2 Inspecting & servicing vehicles, machinery & equipment 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 OT
F4 Controlling local risk budgets & income 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 MT
Sustainable Development HLS 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
SD1 Preparing & reviewing business & management plans 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 MT
SD2 Preparing & reviewing project & contract specifications 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ALL OT
SD3 Providing volunteer opportunities to individuals & groups 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 ALL OT/PT
SD4 Providing apprenticeships & work experience 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 OT/PT
SD5 Applying for Green Flag & Green Heritage Awards 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 MT
SD6 Implementing the Sustainability Audit System 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 PT
SD7 Monitoring the condition of the open spaces (GAEC) 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ALL MT
KEY: TEAM PRIORITY
MT = Management Team 1 – Essential (Legal Obligations) HLS = Part of the City Commons Higher
OT = Operational Team 2 – Highly Desirable (Best Practice) Level Stewardship application.
PT = Project Team 3 – Desirable (Resource Dependent)
RT = Resource Team
Work Programme 2011 – 2021 35You can also read
