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SMALL ECOLOGY LIMITED Ecological Assessment Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk Report completed by: Chris Smith, CEnv, MIEMA February 2021 © Small Ecology Limited 2021 Company registered in England and Wales No. 1866812. Registered office: 115c Milton Road, Cambridge, United Kingdom, CB4 1XE.
Table of Contents
Non-technical summary..........................................................................................................4
1. Background.....................................................................................................................8
2. Methods for desktop and field survey......................................................................................8
3. Results...........................................................................................................................9
3.1 Site context...............................................................................................................9
3.2 Designated sites..........................................................................................................9
3.3 Habitats present........................................................................................................12
3.4 Screening assessment for other species.............................................................................13
3.5 Survey limitations.......................................................................................................15
3.6 Summary of scoping assessment......................................................................................17
4. Assessment of effects........................................................................................................20
4.1 Description of project..................................................................................................20
4.2 Effects of project.......................................................................................................21
5. Recommendations............................................................................................................23
5.1 Further surveys and assessments.....................................................................................23
5.2 Avoidance and mitigation..............................................................................................23
5.3 Loss of hedgelines and mature trees................................................................................24
5.4 Mitigation measures during development works...................................................................24
5.5 Enhancement............................................................................................................25
5.6 Requirement for licencing.............................................................................................25
6. References.....................................................................................................................26
7. Maps............................................................................................................................27
Target notes for site........................................................................................................29
8. Proposed layout ( draft only )..............................................................................................34
9. Photographs...................................................................................................................36
9.1 View within site........................................................................................................36
9.2 Adjacent areas..........................................................................................................40
9.3 Notable landscape features...........................................................................................41
Appendix 1 : Plant list for site................................................................................................44
Appendix 2 : Protocol for Preliminary Ecological Assessment............................................................46
Relevant guidelines.........................................................................................................46
Weather conditions/timing constraints..................................................................................46
Process Overview............................................................................................................46
Desk Study....................................................................................................................46
Field survey..................................................................................................................46
Assessment...................................................................................................................47
Equipment used..............................................................................................................47
Licence requirements.......................................................................................................47
Appendix 3 : Protocol for Preliminary Bat Roost Assessment of buildings and structures...........................48
Relevant guidelines.........................................................................................................48
Weather conditions/timing constraints..................................................................................48
Field survey..................................................................................................................48
Assessment...................................................................................................................48
Equipment used..............................................................................................................48
Licencing requirements.....................................................................................................48
Appendix 4 : Selected NBIS search results..................................................................................49
© Small Ecology 2021
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk
E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 2
Non-technical summary
This report assesses a development site at Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty,
Norfolk, based on available desktop information and site surveys.
Chris Smith CEnv, MIEMA, who has a Level 2 (CL18) licence to survey bats from
Natural England and a Level 1 licence (CL08) to survey for newts, carried out the
field work and report writing.
The proposed development area consists of
• housing development and associated infrastructure south of Norwich Road
• additional proposed drainage works north of Norwich Road.
Only the main housing development area, henceforth “the site”, is detailed within
this report. The drainage works north of Norwich Road are dealt with in a
supplementary scoping letter.
Survey findings
The site is on the south-east edge of Corpusty. The site is within a naturally dark
rural locality.
The site consists of a series of interconnected hedged small fields “pightles”,
surrounded by multiple hedgelines with mature trees. Within the fields, vegetation
is generally tall ruderals with scattered scrub and grassland areas. A green lane
runs through the middle of the site. On the southern edge, there is an abandoned
railway line which is wooded.
There were common breeding birds present.
There are potential bat roosts on and near to the site, including mature trees within
hedgelines, abandoned outbuildings and nearby houses. The old railway line is likely
to be a commuting and foraging corridor for bats.
There are four water bodies obvious within 250m. Three were accessed or viewed
from public highways. Two of these have existing records for great crested newts.
eDNA surveys confirmed newts within one pond.
The surveys for reptiles found low number of common lizards. Grass snakes may
occasionally be present.
There were no signs of badger setts, although badgers may be present locally.
Potential effects
There is no apparent effect on designated sites or need for a Habitat Regulations
Assessment or S28 SSSI assessment, based on Natural England Guidance on IRZs.
© Small Ecology 2021
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk
E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 3
Habitat changes involves losses of tall ruderals as well as smaller areas of species- poor grassland and scattered scrub. Lighting may increase light levels in nearby woodland. This and fragmentation of hedges may affect nocturnal species, in particular bats. Some tree suitable for bat roosts may be lost. Buildings lost appear of “negligible” potential from external inspection. Details of wastewater discharges, drainage, access and from landscaping are to be confirmed. The effects on hedgerows and mature trees was not fully detailed prior to application, which creates some uncertainty in this area. Based on a development footprint of “1 - 5 ha lost or damaged ” and the nearest potential pond, Pond C, being 160m distant any breeding pond, a Rapid Risk Assessment for newts gives a result of “Amber”, indicating that an offence is likely. However Pond C is across the B1149 and north of the Bure, both of which seem likely to form a significant barrier to movement. There is not seen as being a significant risk to great crested newts from the development. Details should be confirmed for the SUDS works. Additional surveys and assessments The scheme requires additional assessment for effects of any access works, including design of splays, or landscaping; drainage; sewerage; and water demand. Within the areas proposed for construction of SUDS drainage, additional surveys to those below are recommended. These are detailed separately. Surveys for great crested newts have been carried out as far as access allowed. Additional surveys are not recommended with respect to works on the main site. Surveys for reptiles have been carried out on the main site. No further surveys are recommended. If any trees of high potential are affected by development, then additional surveys for bats are recommended. An internal inspection of the building on the north of the site should be made to confirm initial findings. Local planning policy may require an assessment for recreational effects on European protected sites within Norfolk. Planning for protection of key wildlife features Key wildlife features that should be maintained and protected by : • The old railway line as an important woodland corridor; © Small Ecology 2021 Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 4
• The green lane with its twin hedgerows and unsealed track within the central
axis of the site;
• Existing hedge boundary patterns and in particular their mature trees.
These features should be retained within open spaces or highways boundaries and
against inclusion within domestic gardens. As far as possible some buffering should
occur e.g. by the inclusion of footpath or grass margins.
Light trespass should be prevented in particular onto these features and into the
adjacent river valley. Lighting should be designed to comply with ILE(2020)
recommendations for Zone E1 (see following table).
The design of the visibility splay should minimise losses of hedgerow and trees
within the 59m visibility required.
Site development should minimise additional water demand on local supply,
including from landscaping. Similarly discharge, both foul and surface, should
protect the nearby River Bure and associated habitats. Site drainage should avoid
direct discharges to the habitats within the Bure valley, in particular from hard
surfaces e.g. roadways where grit or road salt is likely.
Table 1: Obtrusive Light Limitations for Exterior Lighting Installations – General Observers
Protection of wildlife during construction
The site should be cleared under a method statement with advice from an ecologist,
informed by any additional reptile surveys. Any scrub clearance should be carried
out outside of the bird nesting season. Specific measures may be required for
reptiles.
If great crested newts surveys are confirmed as absent, the approach towards great
crested newts should be reviewed based on this information. Otherwise a
precautionary approach should be taken to avoid or reduce any possible impacts.
© Small Ecology 2021
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk
E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 5
Opportunities : potential enhancements
To enhance the project for wildlife the following are suggested:
• The old railway line could be designated as a local greenspace and managed
for wildlife, including use of bat boxes;
• The footpath through the site should be expanded as a wildlife corridor by
linking to wildflower plantings along its length;
• Hedgelines within the site should be reinforced by additional native plantings;
• Road verges and splays should be reseeded as meadows rather than amenity
grassland and cuts minimised; hardstanding within the site should be
minimised;
• “Bee banks” could be added as landscape features surrounding green spaces
• The site should achieve an urban canopy cover of at least 20%.
Requirements for licencing
Effects on great crested newts and on bats may be avoidable.
An assessment of the effects on newts and bats should be considered using
available information and final design and a decision made on the requirements for
licencing.
© Small Ecology 2021
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk
E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 6
1. Background
Small Ecology was commissioned by the client to carry out an assessment of Land
off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk.
The site is located at TG 11413 29898.
The following were carried out :
• A Preliminary Roost Assessment
• A Phase 1 walkover of the site
• Reptile presence/absence surveys
• HSI and eDNA surveys of nearby ponds.
2. Methods
Using the protocols as given in this document’s appendices for Protocol for
Preliminary Ecological Assessment and Protocol for Preliminary Bat Roost
Assessment of buildings and structures, the site was first surveyed on 08/04/2020
between 15:00 and 16:30.
A search of Local Environment Records Centres was agreed with the client and is
included at Appendix 4 : Selected NBIS search results.
A search was made of MAGIC on 08/04/2020.
Weather conditions were dry, sunny and calm with a temperature of approximately
18oC. There had been no rain recently.
Chris Smith CEnv, MIEMA, who has a Level 2 (CL18) licence to survey bats from
Natural England (Ref 2015-13304-CLS-CLS) and a Level 1 licence (CL08) to survey
for newts (ref 2015-18961-CLS-CLS), carried out the field work and report writing.
Checks were made of areas of the site that were accessible.
The site includes areas close to buildings and full access was not possible to all areas
due to COVID-19 considerations. No internal building checks were carried out.
Subsequently a reptile survey was also carried out on the site, which is detailed in an
annexed report.
HSI and eDNA surveys were also carried out of nearby ponds as per Appendix 5 :
Protocol for assessment of ponds for great crested newts.
© Small Ecology 2021
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk
E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 7
3. Results 3.1 Site context The site context is shown in Figure 2 : Site location and existing features. 3.2 Designated sites There are no statutorily designated within 2km and one County Wildlife Sites within 1km. Relevant sites are summarised in the following table. The relationship of the site to these designated sites is shown in Figure 4: NBIS data search map. © Small Ecology 2021 Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 8
Table 3.1: Designated sites
Designated site Statutory Summary of key features Distance to site ? Further
protection? consideration
1070: Dismantled Railway No Length of disused railway varying woodland through to scattered trees and scrub over a fairly 800m North-east No
species-rich recolonised grassland.
1072: Moor Hall No Moderately species-rich marshy grassland and low lying neutral meadows some of which are >1km No
liable to flooding.
1124: Pokey Meadow No Tall fen, scrub and alder carr adjacent to the River Bure; notified as a CWS due to it hosting an >1km No
example of tall fen habitat and marshy grassland with a range of species such as purple
loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria), meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria), meadow vetchling (Lathyrus
pratensis) and sharp-flowered rush (Juncus acutiflorus).
1127: Corpusty Fen No Tall fen vegetation on the northern bank of the River Bure. >1km No
1128: Mossymere Wood No Semi-natural, broad-leaved woodland with coppice in parts, and areas of basic marshy grassland >1km No
adjacent to the streams.
1372: Heydon Park No Within the grounds of Heydon Hall is an area of species-poor grassland with some scattered >1km No
trees fringed by complexes of various woodlands and two lakes.
1375: Oak Grove No Woodland with two distinct woodland types, namely alder (Alnus glutinosa) coppice, and an area >1km No
of semi-natural deciduous woodland.
2171: Tan Office Farm No Spring-fed, peaty soils in a shallow valley on small tributary of the River Bure, is composed of a >1km No
mosaic of wet alder carr, sallow scrub, reedbed and fen, and a small poplar (Populus sp.)
plantation. A large pond, originally the tannery lake, lies close to the centre of the site.
2252: Grassland at Saxthorpe No Marshy grassland along the north bank of the River Bure, in the heart of Saxthorpe village; 200m North Yes
crossed by a number of shallow ditches and a small stream which flows into a pond.
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2021
E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 9
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2021 E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 10
3.3 Habitats present Features are target noted [Tx] in Figure 2 : Site location and existing features and photographs are presented in section 9. Photographs. Tall ruderals and scattered Most of the site consists of abandoned arable fields with tall ruderals, especially nettles and willowherb, with scattered scrub, including Buddleia and bramble Rubus fruticosus agg. The habitat is not of significance. Neutral grassland, species-poor On the northern field of the site, there are small patches of rabbit grazed of species- poor grassland with scattered hard rush Juncus inflexus and dense growth of ground-ivy Glechoma hederacea. There are garden escapes here including stinking hellebore Helleborus foetidissima and an unidentified Iris. The habitat is not of significance. Hedgerows There are hedgerows with trees along green lane through middle of site; along Norwich Road frontage and internally between fields within site. Some hedgerows are potential priority habitat and are of local significance. These are described further within the arboricultural report. Broadleaved woodland There is a band of broadleaved woodland along the western edge of the site on the embankment of a former railway line with steep banks on both sides. There are semi-mature oaks with holly, ivy and elder. There is a relatively open understorey with limited ground flora including ground-ivy Glechoma hederacea and nettles Urtica dioica. The woodland appears to be S41 Priority Habitat as woodland and is also of local significance. Orchard There are small areas of apple and other fruit trees within site. These do not appear to be priority habitat and are of negligible interest. © Small Ecology 2021 Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 11
Urban
The village of Corpusty surrounds and abuts the site on the northern end, including
domestic properties and gardens. There is a recent development between the site
and the main road.
Aquatic habitats – standing water
Within the site, there are no obvious water bodies or any other aquatic habitats.
Based on Google and MAGIC, there are four ponds obvious within 250m. These are
shown on Figure 3: Ponds within 250m (inner) and 1km of site ( outer) and are
described in Table 3.2: Nearby waterbodies
Table 3.2: Nearby waterbodies
TN Description Distance to site
(Pond)
TN1 (A) At base of embankment by main road; poor water quality; heavily shaded by 200m approx.
willows; no macrophytes or emergents; historical use for fly tipping; probably
dries regularly; surrounding area closely cropped land. Yellow archangel cult.
present
TN2 (B) Small garden pond; visible from adjacent footpath; some floating (Glyceria ) 90-100m approx ( 100m to
and emergents ( Acorus?) ; potential for goldfish; may regularly dry during developed areas )
summer; appears shallow.
TN3 (C) Balancing pond for road; dense reed growth and appears generally dry; small 160m approx
area of water possible in middle; no water visible from road edges; shaded on
southern end by alder; surrounding habitat woodland.
TN13 (D) Not accessed; within floodplain 150m approx.
Aquatic habitats – Running water
Upper reaches of the River Bure are to the north of the site with their associated
valley bottom habitats such as alder carr and floodplain meadows; potential linkage
via hydrology. These may include priority habitat.
The site has potential drainage links to wetlands or rivers.
3.4 Screening assessment for other species
Plants
There were no rare or scarce plants noted during the site survey. Their presence
seems unlikely given the habitats present.
Great crested newts
There were four ponds or other water bodies within 250m. These are shown on
Figure 3: Ponds within 250m (inner) and 1km of site ( outer).
© Small Ecology 2021
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk
E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 12There were records returned within 2km by NBIS(2020).
eDNA surveys were only possible of Pond B. Pond A has issues with contamination
that made the eDNA surveys not possible. Pond C was not accessible.
Details of ponds are given in the following two tables. Records are given in Appendix
4 : Selected NBIS search results.
Table 3.3: Pond access and HSI scores
Pond Locations Access eDNA survey? HSI Category
possible score
Pond A Farmland; base of embankment Yes No 0.39 Poor
Pond B Within garden Yes Yes 0.55 Below average
Pond C Balancing pond on bypass No No 0.46 Poor
Pond D Garden?; not accessible or No No N/A Directly connected to the
visible from the road. River Bure; presumed not
to be suitable for great
crested newts.
Table 3.4: Existing records and eDNA surveys
Pond Existing Record Details eDNA survey? Result
records? date/Source
Pond A No N/A N/A No N/A
Pond B Yes 2007/NBIS Records for TG11550 Yes Negative
29830
Pond C Yes 2007/NBIS Records for TG 11640 No N/A
29940 i
Pond D No N/A N/A No N/A
Great crested newts are seen as a relevant consideration for planning.
Reptiles
Full details of reptile surveys are given in an annexed report.
Habitats on the site appears is largely unsuitable, being mainly be dense ruderals
during the summer months. There more suitable habitat mosaics for reptiles, mainly
within the northern field closest to the Norwich Road. Small numbers of common
lizard were found during the survey. Topping of the site limited survey reliability.
The site is close to the River Bure floodplain and may be used by foraging grass
snakes, but not to represent core habitat for the species.
Reptiles are seen as a relevant consideration for planning.
© Small Ecology 2021
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk
E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 13Birds Common species noted included dunnock and chiffchaff. Skylark were breeding on nearby arable fields, but not on the site. The site has good breeding habitat for common “woodland” species including song thrush, blackbird and blackcap. No Schedule 1 species (such as barn owl ) seem likely to breed at the site, but may breed in the surrounding landscape. Breeding birds are a relevant consideration for planning. Badgers The site did not contain any obvious setts or signs of badgers. Species populations may be present nearby, but not close to the development. The species is concluded as not being of significance in context of development. Bats There were several trees with potential for roosting bats ( see Figure 19 and subsequent ). Abandoned outbuildings on the north of the site appeared of “negligible” potential, but internal access was not possible. Bat roosts may be also present within adjacent houses. The woodland on the old railway line and network of tall hedgelines make the site suitable for foraging and commuting bats. Furthermore the site is within a relatively dark locality and close to the open valley habitats of the River Bure. NBIS(2020) did not identify any bat roosts close to the site. Other species of interest Hedgehogs: The site habitat on village fringe is highly suitable and there is a 2008 record for the village. This S41 species may well use the site. 3.5 Survey limitations Access was not possible to areas close to houses, in particular the northernmost areas (TN14) and outbuildings within the site. Bat roosts may be also present within adjacent buildings, where no access was possible. Full details of the proposed SUDS scheme were not available and hence are dealt with in a separate report. Topping of the site within the reptile survey reduced survey reliability on extent of populations, although common lizard was proved present. © Small Ecology 2021 Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 14
Direct access was not possible to one pond. This may limit the accuracy of assessment for HSI for great crested newts. Overall the strategic assessment of the site’s wildlife features is seen as being robust, but additional detailing is required in some areas, especially potential bat roosts within the village periphery. © Small Ecology 2021 Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 15
3.6 Summary of scoping assessment
Table 3.5: Scoping assessment for site features : designated sites
There are no SSSIs within 2km.
Designated site Statutory Summary of key features Distance to site ? Further
protection? consideration
1372: Heydon Park No Within the grounds of Heydon Hall is an area of species-poor grassland with some scattered >1km No
trees fringed by complexes of various woodlands and two lakes.
1375: Oak Grove No Woodland with two distinct woodland types, alder (Alnus glutinosa) coppice, and an area of >1km No
semi-natural deciduous woodland.
1124: Pokey Meadow No Tall fen, scrub and alder carr adjacent to the River Bure; notified as a CWS due to it hosting an >1km No
example of tall fen habitat and marshy grassland with a range of species such as purple
loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria), meadowsweet (Filipendula ulmaria), meadow vetchling (Lathyrus
pratensis) and sharp-flowered rush (Juncus acutiflorus).
2252: Grassland at Saxthorpe No Marshy grassland along the north bank of the River Bure, in the heart of Saxthorpe village; 200m North Yes
crossed by a number of shallow ditches and a small stream which flows into a pond.
1127: Corpusty Fen No Tall fen vegetation on the northern bank of the River Bure. >1km No
1128: Mossymere Wood No Semi-natural, broad-leaved woodland with coppice in parts, and areas of basic marshy grassland >1km No
adjacent to the streams.
1070: Dismantled Railway No Length of disused railway varying woodland through to scattered trees and scrub over a fairly 800m North-east No
species-rich recolonised grassland.
1072: Moor Hall No Moderately species-rich marshy grassland and low lying neutral meadows some of which are >1km No
liable to flooding.
2171: Tan Office Farm No Spring-fed, peaty soils in a shallow valley on small tributary of the River Bure, is composed of a >1km No
mosaic of wet alder carr, sallow scrub, reedbed and fen, and a small poplar (Populus sp.)
plantation. A large pond, originally the tannery lake, lies close to the centre of the site.
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2021
E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 16Table 3.6: Scoping assessment for site features: Habitats
Habitat Potential Local Details Further
priority significan consideration
habitat? ce? ?
Ruderals and scattered No No Abandoned agricultural fields with dense tall ruderals, especially nettles and willowherb. Scattered Buddleia and patches of No
scrub bramble.
Neutral grassland No No Small rabbit grazed areas of species-poor grassland within north of site with scattered brambles. Impeded drainage in No
places with Juncus inflexus. Species-poor.
Hedgerows Yes Yes Hedgerows along green lane through middle of site; along Norwich Road frontage and internally between field within site. Yes
Broadleaved woodland Yes Yes Former railway line on raised ground; steep banks on both sides; semi-mature oaks with holly, ivy and elder; relatively open Yes
understorey; limited ground flora incl. Glechoma hederacea and Urtica dioica.
Orchard No Yes Small areas of apple trees within site; part of derelict small holding or garden(?). No
Standing water Yes Yes None within site; nearby ponds. No
Running water Yes Yes Upper stretches of Bure Valley nearby with associated valley bottom habitats such as alder carr and floodplain meadows; Yes
potential linkage via hydrology.
Table 3.7 Scoping assessment for site features: Species
Species Statutory Evidence of Potentially Details Further
protection? presence? present ?l consideration?
Rare/scarce plants No No No No rare or scarce species noted; unlikely based on ruderal habitats. Stinking hellebore – No
presumed garden escape. Nearby Iris of unknown origin.
Great crested newts Yes No No Four water bodies or ponds within 250m; additional ponds possible within village; accessible Yes
ponds with low HSI scores; two ponds with existing records.
Common toad Partial No Yes S41 species; possible within small garden ponds; extensive tall vegetation suitable for Yes
foraging.
Reptiles Yes No Yes Common lizard in northern field; grass snake may be present, but not core habnita Yes
Breeding birds Yes Yes Yes Suitable for common breeding species Yes
Bats
Roosts within site Yes No Yes Yes – some potential within mature trees on site; potential within adjacent housing Yes
Foraging/commuting No No Yes Significant potential along old railway line; internal hedgerow network; naturally dark area. Yes
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2021
E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 17Species Statutory Evidence of Potentially Details Further
protection? presence? present ?l consideration?
Badger Yes No No No evidence of presence; likely within local areas Yes
Hedgehog No No Yes S41 species. Wooded overgrown habitat on village fringe: highly suitable Yes
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2021
E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 184. Assessment of effects
4.1 Description of project
Details of the project are presently under development.
The application is for “Construction of 38 residential units (Class C3) with associated
infrastructure and landscaping”.
The total redline area is 2.9ha consisting of 2.1ha for housing site south of Norwich
Road and 0.78ha for area for SUDS north of Norwich Road.
Site layout is shown in 8. Proposed layout
Lighting levels
As per ILP(2020) 1 the site appears to correspond to Zone E2 “Rural: Sparsely
inhabited rural areas, village or relatively dark outer suburban locations””. A
baseline for external lighting would be required to confirm this technically.
Increases in light levels seem likely without careful design of lighting, including use
of security lighting by residents.
Figure 1: Table 2 from ILP(2020) Guidance on environmental lighting zones
1
ILP ( 2020) Guidance Note 01/20 Guidance notes for the reduction of obtrusive light
© Small Ecology 2021
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk
E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 194.2 Effects of project Designated sites “Impact Risk Zones”2 are a spatial tool used by Natural England to screen planning applications for potential impacts on designated sites such as SSSIs/SACs/SPAs & Ramsar sites. The tool can be accessed freely via the MAGIC website. Based on a “Site Check Report Report” generated on Fri May 15 2020 with Centroid Grid Ref. TG11392990, the site is within an Impact Risk Zones, but there are no applicable risks of concern. There is no apparent need for a Habitat Regulations Assessment or S28 SSSI assessment, based on Natural England Guidance on IRZs. Local planning policy for North Norfolk District Council in considering recreational impacts may apply. Habitats There will be be the loss of ruderals and species-poor grassland. Hedgelines and mature trees may be lost from development within the site and from clearance of visibility splays onto the main road. Present splays are 2.8m by 59m to the east. The effects of hedgerows and mature trees cannot be confirmed without a detailed site survey, but there appear to be significant losses. Great crested newts The Natural England Rapid Risk Assessment3 is a screening tool for effects of a development on great crested newts. The site extends to 2.9ha consisting of 2.1ha for housing site south of Norwich Road and 0.78ha for the SUDS area. The nearest pond, Pond C, with potential for great crested newts is 160m distant. . Based on a wider development footprint of “1 - 5 ha lost or damaged ” for land further than 100m from any breeding pond, a Rapid Risk Assessment for newts gives a result of “Amber”, indicating that an offence is likely. However Pond C is across the B1149 and north of the Bure, both of which seem likely to form a significant barrier to movement. There is not seen as being a significant risk to great crested newts from the development. 2 See https://magic.defra.gov.uk/Metadata_for_magic/SSSI%20IRZ%20User%20Guidance %20MAGIC.pdf 3 See https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/ attachment_data/file/509011/gcn-work-schedule.doc © Small Ecology 2021 Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 20
Reptiles A small population of common lizards is present. These will be affected during site clearance and there may be habitats loss within the site. Birds Birds are nesting within holes in the walls of the buildings and probably within scrub on the site. Any removal of trees or buildings during the bird nesting season may affect nests. Bats The effects of hedgerows and mature trees cannot be confirmed without a detailed site survey, but there appear to be significant losses. Some mature trees with bat roost potential may be lost. Lighting may increase light levels in nearby woodland. This and fragmentation of hedges may affect nocturnal species, in particular bats. Badgers There were no signs of badger setts and badgers are presumed to be unaffected based on present site surveys. Other species For hedgehogs, similar comments apply as to habitats, in that provided grassland areas are protected no significant effects are likely. © Small Ecology 2021 Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 21
5. Recommendations
5.1 Further surveys and assessments
The scheme requires additional assessment for effects of any access works,
including design of splays, or landscaping; drainage; sewerage; and water demand.
Within the areas proposed for construction of SUDS drainage, additional surveys to
those below are recommended. These are detailed separately.
Surveys for great crested newts have been carried out as far as access allowed.
Additional surveys are not recommended with respect to works on the main site.
Surveys for reptiles have been carried out on the main site. No further surveys are
recommended here.
If any trees of high potential are affected by development, then additional surveys
for bats are recommended. An internal inspection of the building on the north of the
site should be made to confirm initial findings.
Local planning policy may require an assessment for recreational effects on
European protected sites within Norfolk.
5.2 Avoidance and mitigation
Planning for protection of key wildlife features
Key wildlife features that should be maintained and protected by :
• The old railway line as an important woodland corridor;
• The green lane with its twin hedgerows and unsealed track within the central
axis of the site;
• Existing hedge boundary patterns and in particular their mature trees.
These features should be retained within open spaces or highways boundaries and
against inclusion within domestic gardens. As far as possible some buffering should
occur e.g. by the inclusion of footpath or grass margins. Design should utilise
existing gaps rather than creating new openings within hedgerows.
Light trespass should be prevented in particular onto these features and into the
adjacent river valley. Lighting should be designed to comply with ILE(2020)
recommendations for Zone E1 (see following table).
The design of the visibility splay should minimise losses of hedgerow and trees
within the visibility required. The design of the visibility splay, including the potential
use of a build-out, micro-siting and crown lifting, should be considered to minimise
losses within the visibility required.
© Small Ecology 2021
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk
E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 22Site development should minimise additional water demand on local supply,
including from landscaping. Similarly discharge, both foul and surface, should
protect the nearby River Bure and associated habitats. Site drainage should avoid
direct discharges to the habitats within the Bure valley, in particular from hard
surfaces e.g. roadways where grit or road salt is likely.
Table 5.1: Obtrusive Light Limitations for Exterior Lighting Installations – General Observers
Mitigation measures during construction
The site should be cleared under a method statement with advice from an ecologist.
Specific measures will be required for reptiles.
Any vegetation scrub clearance should be carried out outside of the bird nesting
season and preferably within winter when there are no leaves. The site has tall
ruderals and dense scrub and is difficult for checks for breeding birds. As such
clearance is unlikely to be practical during summer months.
5.3 Enhancement
To enhance the project for wildlife, the following are suggested:
• The old railway line could be designated as a local greenspace and managed
for wildlife, including use of bat boxes;
• The footpath through the site should be expanded as a wildlife corridor by
linking to wildflower plantings along its length;
• Hedgelines within the site should be reinforced by additional native plantings;
• Road verges and splays should be reseeded as meadows rather than amenity
grassland and cuts minimised; hardstanding within the site should be
minimised;
• “Bee banks” could be added as landscape features surrounding green spaces;
• Habitat piles, constructed from either brash/logs or stone, created for
common lizards.
© Small Ecology 2021
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk
E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 235.4 Requirement for licencing Based on the approach set out within this report, no requirement for statutory licencing is identifiable. © Small Ecology 2021 Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 24
6. References Collins, J et al (2016) Bat Surveys for Professional Ecologists – Good Practice Guidelines – 3rd Edition. Bat Conservation Trust, London Natural England (2018) Presence only records for great crested newts determined through Natural England class licence surveys. Available online. Natural England (2020) Great Crested Newt eDNA and Habitat Suitability Index Survey results for Ponds surveyed for District Level Licensing 2017,2018,2019 © Small Ecology 2021 Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 25
7. Maps Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2021 E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 26
Figure 2 : Site location and existing features
T12 Tall ruderals
TN15 Building; not with small orchard
accessed and other trees
TN14 Not accessed;
presumed tall ruderals, T10 Clumps of
scrub and mature trees and possible
trees ` hedgerow
TN16 Small copse
of mature trees TN9 Hedgeline
with tall trees along
Norwich Road
TN11 Large oak
within treeline on TN7 Tall ruderals
boundary and species-poor
grassland
TN6 Green lane
with hedgelines on
either side
TN5 Abandoned
agricultural field TN2 Pond in
with tall ruderals garden of domestic
property, Ivy
TN4 Former railway Cottage
line now woodland
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2021
E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 27Target notes for site
TN# Habitat code ( if Description
relevant)
TN1 Standing water, At base of embankment by main road; poor water quality; heavily shaded by willows; no
eutrophic macrophytes or emergents; historical use for fly tipping; probably dries regularly; surrounding
area closely cropped land. Yellow archangel cult. present
Dense scrub
TN2 Standing water, Small garden pond; visible from adjacent footpath; some floating (Glyceria ) and emergents
eutrophic ( Acorus?) ; potential for goldfish; may regularly dry during summer; appears shallow.
TN3 Standing water, Balancing pond for road; dense reed growth and appears generally dry; small area of water
eutrophic possible in middle; no water visible from road edges; shaded on southern end by alder;
surrounding habitat woodland.
Fen
TN4 Broadleaved Former railway line on raised ground; steep banks on both sides; semi-mature oaks with
woodland, semi- holly, ivy and elder; relatively open understorey; limited ground flora incl. Glechoma
natural hederacea and Urtica dioica.
TN5 Tall ruderals Abandoned agricultural field with tall ruderals, especially nettles and willowherb as well as
scattered Buddleia. May be unsuitable for lizards due to high structure. Suitable for grass
snakes ?
TN6 Hedgerow with Green lane through middle of site with low hedge bank on either side; double defunct hedge
scattered trees with significant gaps; scattered Ulmus procera, Prunus spinosa and Crataegus mongyna et
al; limited ground flora.
TN7 Tall ruderals Lower field ; abandoned agricultural field, similar to TN5, but more heavily rabbit grazed and
grassier with scattered Juncus inflexus; scattered patches of bramble.
TN8 (Stinking hellebore) Stinking hellebore – presumed garden escape. Nearby Iris of unknown origin.
TN9 Hedgerow Tall trees and partial hedgerow along frontage on Norwich Road; sweet violet locally
common
TN10 Hedgerow Clump of tall trees and possible hedgerow
TN11 Tree Large oak
TN12 Orchard/ruderals Area of scrub and tall ruderals with small orchard
TN13 Eutrophic standing Pond : Not accessed; within floodplain
water
TN14 Tall ruderals Not accessed – presumed to be tall ruderals and scrub
TN15 Building
TN16 Woodland Small copse of mature trees
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk
© Small Ecology 2020
|| E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 29TN10
(Pond D)
TN3
(Pond C )
TN1
(Pond A ) TN2
(Pond B )
Figure 3: Ponds within 250m (inner) and 1km of site ( outer)
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2021
E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 30Figure 4: NBIS data search map Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2021 E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 31
Figure 5: Site with 250m buffer Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2021 E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 32
8. Proposed layout Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2021 E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 33
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2021 E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 34
9. Photographs 9.1 View within site Figure 6: View south-east across southern field - Figure 7: View of central footpath showing Figure 8: View west along old railway line on railway line to right fragments of hedges southern boundary Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2021 E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 35
Figure 9: View north across southern field from Figure 10: Northern field on looking towards Figure 11: Northern hedgeline looking east on railway line hedgeline on Norwich Road Norwich Road Note mature trees on settlement edge Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2021 E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 36
Figure 12: View south-east across southern field - Figure 13: View of central footpath showing Figure 14: View west along old railway line on railway line to right fragments of hedges southern boundary Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2021 E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 37
Figure 15: Nearby road junction with site behind buildings near junction Note lack of street lighting. Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2021 E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 38
9.2 Adjacent areas Figure 16: River Bure from road bridge Figure 17: Pond A as viewed from road Figure 18: Pond C as viewed from road Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2021 E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 39
9.3 Notable landscape features
Figure 20: Ivy covered ash tree on north-east
Figure 19: Mature oak on northern boundary with boundary
railway line to left Figure 21: Ivy covered trees in hedge on southern
boundary
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2021
E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 40Figure 23: Old apple trees within small orchard
Figure 22: View of ivy covered ash trees in centre of area
site near green lane from eastern field Figure 24: Rabbit grazed grassland with introduced
species on northern field
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2021
E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 41Figure 25: “Bee bank” : former hedge within Norfolk village with abundant solitary bees Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2021 E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 42
Appendix 1 : Plant list for site © Small Ecology 2019 Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk || E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 44
Appendix 2 : Protocol for Preliminary Ecological
Assessment
Relevant guidelines
CIEEM (2017) Guidelines for Preliminary Ecological Appraisal, 2nd edition. Chartered Institute of
Ecology and Environmental Management, Winchester4
JNCC (2010) Handbook for Phase 1 habitat survey - a technique for environmental audit 5
Weather conditions/timing constraints
Can be undertaken under any weather conditions; no timing constraints; no optimum timing.
Process Overview
The survey will comprise both a desk study and walkover survey.
The appropriate “area of search” (AOS) for the study will be based on the nature of the proposals
and will be determined on a case-by-case basis following an assessment of the “zone of influence”
(ZOI) of the project.
Desk Study
A desk study will be carried out of the AOS to collate available information about the site and
surrounding area from following sources:
• Accessible aerial photos and maps to identify the habitats and species potentially present,
and context of the site within wider landscape;
• Public databases within MAGIC to identify any relevant nature conservation sites and their
designated features;
• Where agreed, a search by the Local Environmental Records Centre of the AOS for any
relevant records of species, habitats or locally designated sites ( e.g. Local Wildlife Sites);
• Any other easily available records.
The sources searched will be recorded within any report.
Field survey
As far as safely or physically accessible, the footprint of the proposed development and accessible
surrounding areas will be walked over.
The habitats present will be described and where appropriate classified according to the guidance
within JNCC (2010). Field notes will be taken on plant species present and the extent and structure
of habitats.
4
https://cieem.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Guidelines-for-Preliminary-Ecological-Appraisal-
Jan2018-1.pdf
5
http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/page-2468
© Small Ecology 2019
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk || E-mail:
chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 46Where appropriate, target notes will be used as per JNCC(2010) to map any features of additional ecological interest. Photographs will be taken of general site and where possible any features of especial ecological interest. Any incidental sightings of priority or protected species, or field signs of such species will be recorded. Any incidental records of non-native invasive plant species will be recorded. Assessment Identification of features Based on the results of the desktop and field surveys, a list will be compiled of those ecological features relevant for consideration within planning to include: • designated sites; • protected or priority species; • priority habitats; • ecological features of local significance. Potential for protected or priority species An assessment will be made of the potential for presence of protected or priority species. Where protected species are confirmed as present, their presence, known species and any other additional information on type of usage will be noted. Otherwise the potential for species within the AOS will be evaluated and recorded. Buildings, trees and other structures will be subject to appraisal via relevant other protocols. Further consideration An assessment will be made as to whether a feature requires further consideration, based on the desktop information, field results and potential of the site to support such a feature Equipment used Binoculars. Licence requirements None, unless additional considerations due to presence of protected species or protected sites Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk © Small Ecology 2020 || E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 47
Appendix 3 : Protocol for Preliminary Bat Roost Assessment of buildings and structures Relevant guidelines English Nature (2004) Bat Mitigation Guidelines Collins, J. (ed.) (2016) Bat Surveys for Professional Ecologists: Good Practice Guidelines 3rd Edition. Bat Conservation Trust, London. Weather conditions/timing constraints Can be undertaken under any weather conditions; no timing constraints; no optimum timing. Periods of heavy rain prior may reduce visibility of signs of roosting bats. Field survey A systematic search will be made of any buildings for signs of roosting bats by trained personnel, based on external and internal inspection where safety allows. A visual assessment will be undertaken during daylight hours as far as the building or structure is accessible to identify any Potential Roost Features (PRFs) present. Ladders will be used to access any PRFs under 3.5 m to allow a detailed inspection. Where appropriate binoculars, a torch and/or endoscope will also be used to assist the search for evidence of bats. Field notes will be made of the context of the site, including the suitability of the surrounding habitat for foraging and commuting. Assessment If no confirmed bat roosts are found, based on the field survey results, the buildings or other structures will be assessed and assigned to the suitability classes of Collins (2016) as: “negligible”, “low”, “medium”, “high” and “unclear”. An assessment will be made also of the potential for use as hibernation. Where bats or roosts are present, the presence of the roost, known species and any other additional information on type of usage will be noted. Equipment used Binoculars; torch; ladders; endoscope. Licencing requirements Requires Natural England licence where there is potential for disturbance of bats. © Small Ecology 2019 Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk || E-mail: chris.smith@smallecology.uk || website: smallecology.uk Page | 48
Appendix 4 : Selected NBIS search results
Table 4.1: NBIS records for great crested newts
Grid ref Location Date Details
TG13223018 25/05/2009 Present
TG1155029830 Corpusty 22/03/2007 1 Count Pond survey
TG1155029830 Corpusty 02/05/2007 2 Count Pond survey
TG111284 Kings Lynn to Bacton 12/03/2003 4 Count Pond 127. Breeding; Relatively deep, open,
vegetation
TG119288 Kings Lynn to Bacton 12/03/2003 0 Count Pond 130. Deep, open, inaccessible
TG120287 Kings Lynn to Bacton 14/03/2003 5 Count Pond 133. Breeding; Shaded and shallow
TG120288 Kings Lynn to Bacton 14/03/2003 2 Count Pond 132. Breeding; Shaded and shallow,
vegetated
TG120288 Kings Lynn to Bacton 14/03/2003 2 Count Pond 134. Breeding; Shaded and shallow
TG120292 Kings Lynn to Bacton 14/03/2003 0 Count Pond 137. Open, shallow with algae
TG121288 Kings Lynn to Bacton 14/03/2003 4 Count Pond 135.Breeding; Shade with good depth
of water
TG121289 Kings Lynn to Bacton 14/03/2003 10 Count Pond 136. Breeding; Shallow, shade,
emergent vegetation
TG130287 Quarry NE of Oulton 01/08/2002 2 Count Shaded and shallow
TG130288 Quarry NE of Oulton 01/08/2002 3 Count Shaded and shallow
TG130288 Quarry NE of Oulton 01/08/2002 1 Count Shaded and shallow
TG131288 Quarry NE of Oulton 01/08/2002 1 Count Shade with good depth of water
TG1164029940 Saxthorpe 15/05/2007 1 Count Pond survey
TG1164029940 Saxthorpe 24/04/2007 2 Count Pond survey
TG1164029940 Saxthorpe 18/04/2007 4 Count Pond survey
TG1164029940 Saxthorpe 23/05/2007 1 Count Pond survey
TG1221029610 Saxthorpe 26/04/2007 11 Count Pond survey
TG1221029610 Saxthorpe 19/04/2007 31 Count Pond survey
TG1221029610 Saxthorpe 16/05/2007 20 Count Pond survey
TG1221029610 Saxthorpe 23/05/2007 16 Count Pond survey
TG1221029610 Saxthorpe 30/03/2007 19 Count Pond survey
TG1221029610 Saxthorpe 03/05/2007 17 Count Pond survey
Ecological Assessment, Land off Norwich Road, Corpusty, Norfolk
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