REPORT 2018 - Delivering the future
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ANNUAL
REPORT 2018
g t h e f u t u r e
Del i v e r i n
INTRODUCTION
Meet The Standards People
At ETSI we produce globally applicable technical ETSI is officially recognized by the European Union as
standards for ICT-enabled systems, applications and a European Standardization Organization (ESO). Our
services that are widely deployed across all sectors of standards help ensure the free movement of goods within
industry and society. the single European market, allowing enterprises in the
European Union to be more competitive. Building on this
Recognized by the European Union as a European heritage, the consistent excellence of our work and our
Standards Organization, our outputs include globally- open approach sees ETSI’s influence extend beyond our
applicable standards for Information and Communications European roots to the entire world.
Technologies (ICT), including fixed, mobile, radio,
aeronautical, broadcast and Internet technologies. This Annual Report documents just some of our
achievements during 2018. Full details about the work
Established in 1988 as a not-for-profit organization, ETSI of our Technical Committees and Industry Specification
has over 870 members drawn from 64 countries and five Groups can be found online at portal.etsi.org. You’ll also
continents. These include some of the world’s leading find more information about our current and planned
companies from the manufacturing and service sectors, activities in the ETSI Work Programme 2019-2020.
regulatory authorities and government ministries, as well
as small and medium-sized enterprises and innovative
start-ups, alongside universities, R&D organizations and
societal interest groups.
ETSI Fellowships 2018
The ETSI Fellowship programme recognizes individuals who have made an outstanding personal contribution to
ETSI, either through building our work or raising ETSI’s reputation in specific sectors of standardization. In 2018
we honoured François Courau, Enrico Tosato, Klaus Vedder and Michael Walker.
François Courau Enrico Tosato Klaus Vedder Michael Walker
2
CONTENTS
The Year in Summary From our Officers 3GPP and 5G Machine-to-Machine
Pages 04/05 Pages 06/07 Pages 08/09 Communications and
the Internet of Things
Pages 10/11
Cyber Security and Privacy Smart Cities and Communities Radio and Wireless Systems Networks
Pages 12/15 Pages 16/17 Pages 18/21 Pages 22/26
eHealth and Accessibility Energy Efficiency, Sustainability Transport Systems Public Safety and Mission
Page 27 and Equipment Safety Pages 32/33 Critical Communications
Pages 28/31 Pages 34/35
Broadcasting and Testing and Interoperability Partnerships Publications and Events
Content Delivery Pages 38/39 Succeeding Together Pages 43/45
Pages 36/37 Pages 40/42
Specialist Task Forces Standards Production And Ipr Budget Report And Financial Membership
and Funded Projects Pages 48/49 Statements Pages 52/55
Pages 46/47 Pages 50/51
3 CONTENTS
THE YEAR IN SUMMARY
2018 at a glance
January
l ISG ZSM kick-off
l Launch of Zero touch February
network Service l Joint workshop on
Management ISG the Cybersecurity Act,
Brussels
l 2nd ETSI NFV Plugtests March April
event held l Release of
l ETSI and Mobile World l Celebration of ETSI’s
standard on 30th anniversary
Congress 2018 Pan-European
l ETSI Summit “Releasing
Mobile
the Flow - Data Protection
Emergency
and Privacy in a
Application
Data-Driven Economy”
May
l Launch of ETSI Brand
l Release of Open
Strategy and the new
Source MANO
tagline “The Standards
Release 4
People”
4
46 765
Number of total
standards 122 & 15
872
Number of employees
& nationalities 99
Technical groups
(SMEs 25%)
Number of ETSI members
108
64 Partnerships
Number of countries
2 718 17 408 959
Number of standards downloads
Average annual
standards production
October November
l ETSI IoT Week l New Chairman
l World Standards election Neviana
July Day Celebration Nikoloski from
December
“Standards Meet Phonak
l OSM welcomes
The Future”, joint l 20th anniversary of
100th member
conference CEN, 3GPP
l Launch of
CENELEC, ETSI, l oneM2M Release 3
June new ETSI mag
EC, EFTA l ISG PDL launched
“ENJOY!”
l ETSI Security Week l Participation with ESOs
l First full release of at RED Workshop
5G specifications
5 THE YEAR IN SUMMARY
FROM OUR OFFICERS
A year in reflection
Simon Hicks, outgoing Chairman of the 3GPP Release 15. This is the first with their non-stop air travel and
General Assembly real set of technical standards conference rooms piled high with
that allows vendors to commit to paper documents. One of the most
silicon and build systems that will exciting initiatives I have welcomed
be used for the first commercial 5G in ETSI is the introduction of our
deployments. Industry Specification Groups.
ISGs offer an agile and cost-
5G differs markedly from previous- effective conduit for non-members
generation mobile systems. Rather to access and contribute to our
than just an add-on service, it will working methods. In their decade
– much like the Internet itself – be a of existence, they have made a
fundamental enabler for many new
significant contribution to the way
industries and market opportunities
we work and the variety of our
that simply would not exist without
it. In turn, 5G has created the need outputs as an organization.
for ETSI and other SDOs to find new
ways to interface with a much larger
Dirk Weiler, Chairman of the Board
and more diverse ‘extended family’,
including non-traditional players
I
t is sometimes suggested that that we’ve had little dialogue with in
there is a tension between the past.
the worlds of telecoms and
Information Technology, in terms of 5G is a powerful reminder that
both their goals and their practical our world-class standardization
working methods. My own view efforts do not exist in a vacuum:
is that ETSI actively seeks to they are a direct consequence of
embrace this contrast, providing the commercial environment they
a fertile ground for players from inhabit. And it also underlines the
both sides to meet in a huge global reality that standardization is vital
ICT ecosystem. And while we are to both technical and commercial
a European based organization, success as we develop ICT systems
the diversity and interests of our of unprecedented complexity,
membership reflect the much richness and scale.
bigger global geopolitical picture.
2018 marked the end of my term as
A prime example of this is The
T
Chairman of the General Assembly,
Third Generation Partnership and I warmly welcome my iming is everything. And I’m
Project. 3GPP was created in 1998 successor, Dr Neviana Nikoloski, delighted that successful
as a mechanism that allows ETSI who was elected in November as delivery in 2018 of the first
to work successfully alongside the new GA Chair for a two-year set of real 5G standards – 3GPP
peer standards bodies and other period. Looking back over the Release 15 – was on schedule. It’s a
partners to deliver new generations last seventeen years of my own feat that is all the more remarkable
of mobile technology standards involvement with ETSI, I note how considering the collective effort in
to the market. In 2018 – our own profoundly the world has changed. 2018 of more than 3 500 people,
thirtieth anniversary year – a On a day-to-day level I have seen embodied in over 31 000 separate
standout achievement of this virtual meetings replace a large change requests in the Release
thriving initiative was of course number of physical meetings, and some 140 meetings. Release
6
16 development has started and Rights policy. Over the last year Brought a step closer with the timely
plans for Release 17 are already our IPR Special Committee agreed delivery of 3GPP Release 15, the
underway. several additional features that imminent arrival of 5G mobile is often
allow more transparent reporting described as a ‘radio revolution’.
In comparison with 3G and 4G, the of IPR declarations: this work has Equally fundamental to its market
applications for 5G are far wider, and further increased the quality of success, however, is the increasing
the commercial expectations are information we provide to members virtualization and automation
correspondingly higher. Accordingly and the public. In December 2018 of core network functions to
we have seen the growing presence I stepped down after chairing this streamline efficient operation and
of other players in the 5G ecosystem committee for the last ten years,
over the last year. An illustration of enable new service possibilities.
and I warmly welcome Steve Faraji This has been demonstrated by
this is the acceptance of the 5G from Audi as my successor.
Alliance for Connected Industries our pioneering work on Network
and Automation (5G-ACIA) as Functions Virtualization, together
a 3GPP Market Representation Luis Jorge Romero, Director General with the newly created group on
Partner (MRP) in November, as well ‘Zero Touch’ service and network
as a significant increase of 3GPP management. In addition, we are
individual members from 587 in starting to witness the development
January 2018 to 632 in December. of standards that leverage Artificial
Intelligence (AI) mechanisms to
With all sectors becoming ‘digital’ assist in the management and
the ICT world is of increasing orchestration of the network.
relevance for many vertical Similarly, our Industry Specification
industries. This digitization in areas Group on Multi-access Edge
like industrial automation and
Computing is exploring how
e-Health is driving a greater focus
on topics such as cyber security the placement of computational
and Artificial Intelligence (AI). Rather functionality closer to the end user
than just defining protocols, in ETSI will improve that user’s experience
our own interest is very much from in a range of emergent 5G
a holistic systems perspective. applications.
With an eye firmly on the future,
T
we always ask how our best-in- he world is becoming more 5G and the Internet of Things
class standardization work can deeply connected. Machine will demand secure end-to-end
directly benefit concrete use cases. to Machine communications communications between people,
An example of this is our Industry and the Internet of Things (IoT) have devices and data centres. This
Specification Group on ZSM remained central pillars of ETSI’s has been underlined by our work
that draws on exciting advances work over the last year. With the on the cyber security aspects of
in AI to streamline network successful delivery in December middleboxes – already a ubiquitous
management with smart new tools, 2018 of oneM2M Release 3 – and feature of telecommunication and
techniques and services to replace work on Release 4 well underway ICT networks today. ETSI also is one
cumbersome manual intervention. – developers now have a solid of the few standards organizations
platform to create applications and actively focused on standardization
While many of our activities are services based on stable real-world
global, we are a recognised aspects of Quantum Safe
specifications. Cryptography, providing protection
European standards organization,
helping Europe to reach its policy against a new generation of threats
In parallel we are engaging with to conventional cryptographic
goals and enabling market access
a growing community of vertical
by means of Harmonized Standards techniques by quantum computers.
industry interests through events
(HEN). In the past years we have seen
and hands-on sessions. One of our
challenges with the acceptance of During the year we have continued
brightest highlights was October’s
HEN under the Radio Equipment to progressively explore the
Directive (RED). During 2018 ETSI ETSI IoT Week that gave over
benefits of Open Source working
and the European Commission 200 participants an overview of
ETSI’s standardization activities methods that complement our
have successfully worked together standardization activities without
on all levels to improve the situation. conducted via oneM2M, 3GPP and
our SmartM2M committee. A key compromising the integrity of
An example of this was December’s ETSI’s current Intellectual Property
expert workshop held in Brussels driver for applications of machine-
to-machine communications policy. Our Open Source MANO
with DG GROW and European
is the domain of smart cities. (OSM) group continues to gain
Standardization Organizations to
address barriers in implementation Building on existing standards and industry respect as an example
of the RED. specifications – including the work of best practice in this area, with
of oneM2M and SmartM2M – our our ETSI Forge offering a package
ETSI continues to value the Industry Specification Group on of online tools used by open
willingness of our members to City Digital Profile has explored source communities to assist our
contribute front-running innovation concrete use cases and challenges committees in their work.
into our standards by keeping that will support the deployment of
a balanced Intellectual Property smart city infrastructures.
7 FROM OUR OFFICERS
8
3GPP AND 5G
A New Generation
Delivering the 5G promise
Fifth generation systems are almost a By the end of the year, 83 studies relating to Release
commercial reality. Accordingly, much of our 16 plus a further thirteen relating to Release 17 were
in progress, covering topics as diverse as Multimedia
activity in 2018 was focused on enabling Priority Service, Vehicle-to- everything (V2X) application
the timely technical and market success layer services, 5G satellite access, Local Area Network
of 5G. As a founding partner of the Third support in 5G, wireless and wireline convergence for
Generation Partnership Project (3GPP™), 5G, terminal positioning and location, communications
in vertical domains and network automation and novel
we come together with six other regional
radio techniques. Further studies were launched or
standardization organizations worldwide, plus progressed on security, codecs and streaming services,
market associations and several hundred LAN interworking, network slicing and the IoT.
individual companies, to develop specifications
for advanced mobile communications Other activities focused on broadening the applicability
of 3GPP technology to non-terrestrial radio access
technologies.
systems – from satellites and airborne base stations
to maritime applications including ship-to-shore and
ship-to-ship communications. Work also progressed
3GPP™ - an enduring on new Professional Mobile Radio (PMR) functionality
for LTE, enhancing railway-oriented services originally
Partnership
developed using GSM radio technology which is now
nearing its end of life.
After initial delivery in late 2017 of ‘Non-Stand-Alone’ View the complete 3GPP work plan at 3gpp.org/
(NSA) NR new radio specifications for 5G, much effort specifications/work-plan
focused in 2018 on timely completion of 3GPP Release
15 – the first full set of 5G standards – and on work
to pass the first milestones for the 3GPP submission
towards IMT-2020.
About 3GPP
While initial specifications enabled non-standalone
Established in 1998, The Third Generation
5G radio systems integrated in previous-generation
Partnership Project (3gpp.org) brings
LTE networks, the scope of Release 15 expands
ETSI together with six other regional
to cover ‘standalone’ 5G, with a new radio system
standardization organizations in Asia and
complemented by a next-generation core network. It
North America, plus market associations
also embraces enhancements to LTE and, implicitly,
and several hundred individual companies.
the Evolved Packet Core (EPC). This crucial way-point
As one of the founding partners of
enables vendors to progress rapidly with chip design
3GPP, ETSI plays a prominent role in the
and initial network implementation during 2019.
development of mobile communications.
At the end of 2018, of the 632 member
As the Release 15 work has matured and drawn close
organizations of 3GPP, 403 (64%) were via
to completion, the group’s focus is now shifting on to their membership of ETSI.
the first stage of Release 16, often referred to informally
as ‘5G Phase 2’.
9 3GPP AND 5G
MACHINE-TO-MACHINE COMMUNICATIONS
AND THE INTERNET OF THINGS
Deep Connections
Linking objects to create new experiences
Billions of machines and objects are already cities, smart grids and
embedded with sensors or actuators with connected vehicles
to eHealth, home
the ability to communicate over the Internet. automation and
This is the Internet of Things (IoT), drawing energy management,
together technologies including Radio public safety and
Frequency Identification (RFID), Machine-to- remote industrial
process control.
Machine (M2M) service platforms and wireless
sensor networks. Applications include smart As IoT devices permeate society, standardization is
cities, devices and grids, connected vehicles, key to achieving universally accepted specifications for
eHealth, home automation and energy true interoperability between devices and applications.
As a founding partner in oneM2M, ETSI helps produce
management, public safety and industrial
specifications to enable platforms that simplify
process control. connection between devices and services, regardless
of the underlying technology used.
oneM2M
oneM2M is an end-to-end IoT technology with
flexible deployment options (IoT Cloud/Enterprise,
IoT Gateway, IoT Edge Device, IoT User Devices).
It’s estimated that the number of connected devices in Finalized in December 2018, oneM2M Release
the Internet of Things (IoT) already exceeds the world’s 3 focused accordingly on interworking between
population. And with this number anticipated to outstrip industrial technologies, together with improved
20 billion by 2020, the IoT will have a transformative support for mobile IoT technologies standardized by
influence on the way we live and work. 3GPP. In addition, it incorporates a common oneM2M
interworking framework, transaction management,
The IoT draws together several technologies including security enhancements, new conformance tests
Machine-to-Machine (M2M) service platforms, Radio and tools for developers. It also introduces semantic
Frequency Identification (RFID) and Wireless Sensor interworking between proprietary technological
Networks, reflected collectively in our work at ETSI. ‘islands’. This is important in cross-domain use cases
Together, they enable a vast range of potential IoT such as smart cities, where interoperability is typically
applications and services – from smart devices, smart required between several systems.
10Within ETSI our Smart M2M Communications
committee (TC SmartM2M) produces specifications
that enable users to build IoT platforms connecting
Everyone together:
devices and services regardless of the underlying
technology used. Central to this is SAREF – our
ETSI IoT Week
smart applications reference ontology running with Our ongoing standardization work is
oneM2M-compliant communication platforms that augmented by interoperability events,
industry days and hackathons that invite
developers to demonstrate working
“The European Commission wanted oneM2M solutions. A highlight of our
to improve road safety between farm calendar is ETSI IoT Week. Held in
October and attracting 200 visitors, 2018’s
vehicles and other vehicles. John successful event featured discussions
Deere responded to this demand by on agriculture, sport, health and space,
equipping its tractors with modems. reflecting increased interest in ETSI’s work
More importantly, the different road- from a growing range of industries and
going vehicles and their means of market segments.
communication had to be interoperable. Star of the show was a John Deere tractor
So it was only natural for us to join parked in front of our headquarters in
ETSI, the only European standardization Sophia Antipolis, connected to a car to
organization with the necessary mitigate the risk of collisions on the road
experience in these areas.” and reduce the 400 fatal yearly accidents
caused by farm vehicles that are not clearly
visible on roads. Using ETSI’s ITS-G5
Christophe Gossard, Head of European standard and the oneM2M gateway, this
Regulatory Affairs, John Deere eye-catching illustration highlighted how
standards can enable interoperability
between traditionally disparate sectors such
as agriculture and automotive.
enables connected devices to exchange information.
During 2018, we extended the applicability of SAREF Other demonstrations addressed domains
to new sectors including smart cities, industrial and including smart home, smart living, testing,
manufacturing, smart agriculture and automotive. aquiculture and eHealth. Visitors also
We continued to investigate the needs of smart cities, had the chance to test interoperability
wireless industrial automation and Context Information with interworking platforms and emerging
Management. Other IoT enablers we have explored technologies such as blockchain and AI.
include new specifications for Digital Enhanced
Cordless Telecommunications (DECT™) Ultra Low Smart Cities were addressed through use
Energy and Low Throughput Networks. cases, standardization challenges and
examples of first implementations in Europe
In parallel with the delivery of oneM2M Release 3, a and Asia. The use of wearables and body
positive message was delivered to the market with sensor devices is a rapidly growing use
the establishment of a oneM2M Global Certification case in the Internet of Things (IoT), with
Programme that was scheduled for formal launch smart body area networks – as explored by
in early 2019. By the end of 2018, more than fifteen our SmartBAN committee – gaining much
products had already been awarded certification, attention at the event.
spanning software components and platforms from a
variety of vendors.
During the year we maintained partnerships with the
CREATE-IoT and F-Interop projects. Other ongoing
activities included a landscaping study to explore
privacy aspects of the IoT and an investigation into
virtualized IoT architectures.
MACHINE-TO-MACHINE COMMUNICATIONS
11 AND THE INTERNET OF THINGSCYBER SECURITY AND PRIVACY
A Sense of Security
Making everyone’s digital world safer
Information security standards are essential the Act efficiently and increase trust in ICT products
to ensure interoperability among systems and services placed on the European market.
and networks, compliance with legislation Enforced in May, the GDPR is Europe’s legislative
and adequate levels of security. They provide machinery to deal with data protection. ETSI’s role
a means for protecting individual users as a forum to exchange views impacting enterprises
while creating a more secure industrial and and citizens was highlighted in April at our Summit
‘Releasing the Flow: Data Protection and Privacy in a
commercial environment. Data-Driven Economy’.
In August, we issued two specifications on Attribute-
Cyber Security Based Encryption (ABE), a key technology that bundles
access control with data encryption to protect personal
data securely in highly distributed systems such as 5G
Security and privacy are inescapable aspects of all our
and the Internet of Things. Enforcing access control
digital lives. Security standardization – sometimes in at a cryptographic level, ABE provides better security
support of legislative actions – has a key role to play assurance than software-based solutions.
in protecting the communications and business we all
depend on. Our Cyber Security Technical Committee In October, we updated our international compendium
(TC CYBER) is a trusted centre of expertise that offers of Technical Reports titled ‘Critical Security Controls for
market-driven standardization solutions, guidance Effective Cyber Defence’. Collectively, these describe
to users, manufacturers, network, infrastructure and a prioritized set of best practices to mitigate cyber
service operators and regulators. attacks against systems and networks.
Held in Brussels in February 2018, a joint workshop
with ETSI, CEN, CENELEC and ENISA on the European
Cybersecurity Act brought together more than 200
policy makers, industry representatives, standardization
organizations, consumer associations and certification
bodies. Providing an overview of the current legislative
and standardization landscape, the event focused on
key challenges that need to be addressed to implement
12Enterprise Security
quantum safe cryptography, publishing several reports
spanning performance considerations, protocols,
benchmarking and architectural considerations for
A focus area of our CYBER Technical Committee specific applications. The group’s work also feeds
is so-called ‘middleboxes’ that are implemented in into other organizations such as the International
the boundaries between networks to enable secure Telecommunications Union (ITU) and Internet
communication between end-points. Engineering Task Force (IETF).
November 2018 marked the release of our first Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) allow governments
Middlebox Security Protocol specification. Driven and corporate enterprises to communicate securely
directly by industry needs, this supports vital data between sites or to connect employees remotely
centre operations including compliance and detection with offices. However the future integrity of VPNs is
of external attacks on encrypted networks. Helping data threatened by the prospect of quantum computers
centres and enterprise networks to meet their service circumventing current cryptographic techniques. In
obligations and legal mandates, the new specification October 2018 we issued a Technical Report exploring
also offers visibility over access to users’ data. the requirements to add quantum resistance to VPN
technologies, including client, server and architectural
considerations.
Blockchain In November we held our sixth Quantum Safe
Cryptography workshop in Beijing, co-organized with
An intrinsic feature of today’s secure decentralized the University of Waterloo’s Institute of Quantum
cryptocurrencies, a blockchain uses cryptographic Computing and Chongqing University.
techniques to link a growing list of ‘blocks’ or records
in an open distributed ledger that’s immune to
modification. Aside from their financial application,
these ledgers can also be used for digital identity
attributes, object tracking or verification of service level Quantum Key
agreements.
Distribution
Launched in December 2018, our Industry Specification
Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) offers a method
Group on Permissioned Distributed Ledger (ISG PDL) is
of distributing keys securely without relying upon
exploring the challenges presented by the operation of
computational security. During 2018 our ISG on QKD
permissioned (managed) distributed ledgers, business
finalised API specifications to enable applications
use cases, functional architecture and solutions for
to request keys from QKD systems, and developed
the operation of permissioned distributed ledgers,
management interfaces to integrate QKD into Software
including interfaces/APIs/protocols and information/
Defined Networks. We updated our specification on the
data models.
properties of the components and internal interfaces
of QKD systems, and looked towards a certification
process by developing work on implementation
Quantum Safe security and optical characterisation of QKD transmitter
modules. Many ISG members were involved in
Cryptography publishing an ETSI White Paper on Implementation
Security of Quantum Cryptography. To aid discussions
Quantum computers already pose a major challenge about QKD deployments the group issued a document
to conventional cryptographic techniques. Previously on device and communication channel parameters,
secure encrypted information – such as bank account and published a vocabulary for QKD.
details, identity information and military security – will
become potentially subject to discovery and misuse.
Thus new ‘quantum safe’ cryptographic techniques
have emerged in recent years to provide protection
against these threats.
Electronic Signatures
Now formally incorporated into TC CYBER, our Working Our Electronic Signatures and Infrastructures committee
Group on Quantum Safe Cryptography (QSC) has (TC ESI) is responsible for the standardization of digital
maintained its interest in practical implementation of signatures and related trust infrastructures.
2018 highlights included the publication of specific
policy requirements for trust service providers issuing
qualified certificates for securing communications
between payment services under Directive 2015/2366/
EU (called PSD2).
13 CYBER SECURITY AND PRIVACYWe also released standards for new types of Trust
Services: Electronic Registered Delivery Services Lawful Interception and
(ERDS) and Registered EMail (REM) services, Remote
Signature Validation services and Remote Signature Retained Data
Creation services.
Bringing together the interests of governments and
Law Enforcement Agencies (LEAs) as well as mobile
Further work was launched on the global recognition
network operators and equipment vendors, our Lawful
and trust of EU PKI Trust Services. This will enable Interception committee (TC LI) develops standards
EU Trust services to operate within internal European supporting common international requirements
and global markets for online services such as website for LEAs, including the interception of content and
authentication, electronic signatures and seals, code retention/disclosure of electronic communications
signing and secure email related data with supporting standards for warrantry
and internal interfaces.
“ETSI’s expertise on security is a well- In 2018 we continued to update our Lawful Interception
(LI) and Retained Data (RD) standards, specifications
known asset among cybersecurity
and reports. This included maintenance of the seven-
stakeholders. TC CYBER recognizes the part Technical Specification on the handover interface
benefits brought by the Critical Security and service-specific details for Internet Protocol (IP)
Controls to enhance the cybersecurity delivery. We completed specification of an interface for
posture of industry, administrations and communication between authorized Law Enforcement
Monitoring Facilities (LEMFs) to support European
end users.”
Investigation Orders related to LI and/or RD. Comprising
an exchange protocol together with an associated data
Alex Leadbeater, Chairman, TC CYBER schema, this specification is focused on the secure
handling of real-time and stored data transfer between
LEMFs.
Work continued on defining an electronic interface for
the exchange of information between systems relating
Security Indicators to the establishment and management of LI. Following
previous publication of a specification for an internal
The threat from cyber attacks represents significant network interface X1 for LI-related messages over
risks to industry, including potentially huge financial Handover Interface 1 (HI1), work neared completion
losses as well as direct threats to intellectual property on another specification for both interfaces X2 and X3,
or reputation. supporting other related work in 3GPP.
Our Industry Specification Group on Information Service and network architectures are becoming
Security Indicators (ISG ISI) produces specifications increasingly non-monolithic, with multiple operators
which together form a reliable and commonly- involved in supplying a service to a single user.
recognized reference model for the measurement of Updates progressed to a TS on the dynamic triggering
information security risks. Considered as unique in the of interception required as a result of this diversification
standardization world, they have been adopted officially of architectures.
by some Information Security Government Agencies.
In 2018 we published a new Group Specification, Security Algorithms
describing an overall organization-wide security
ETSI’s Security Algorithms Group of Experts (SAGE)
information and event management (SIEM) approach
specifies authentication, encryption and key agreement
that spans the monitoring, response, investigation, mechanisms for a range of standardized technologies.
management and reporting of security events. In response to a liaison statement from 3GPP SA3, the
group began work on the development of new 256-bit
We also published a Group Specification, addressing algorithms that will offer greater resistance to possible
Key Performance Security Indicators to evaluate the future Quantum Computing attacks in 5G systems.
maturity of an organization’s security event detection These same 256-bit
tools and processes. algorithms could also
be potentially retrofitted
Work concluded on a Group Specification considering to previous-generation
an ISI-driven measurement and event management mobile systems if required.
architecture (IMA) and CSlang, a common ISI semantics
specification language. 2018 marked the end of ISG
ISI activities, with maintenance of group specifications
passing to TC CYBER.
14ETSI at European Cyber
Security Month
European Cyber Security Month (ECSM)
is an annual EU-organized awareness
campaign promoting cyber security among
citizens and organizations about the
importance of information security and
highlighting the simple steps that can be
taken to protect their personal, financial and
professional data. Coinciding with ECSM
in October 2018, our CYBER committee
hosted a series of webinars addressing
key topics including Middlebox Security
Protocol (MSP) standards, Attribute-
Based Encryption (ABE) for personal
data protection and Quantum-Safe
Cryptography.
Smart Cards and the
Secure Element
Our Smart Card Platform committee (TC SCP)
develops and maintains specifications for the Secure
Element (SE) for its use in telecommunication systems
including the Internet of Things (IoT). We develop
‘agnostic’ specifications that can find their way into
other applications such as ID management, ticketing
and ID cards with contactless interfaces used in
financial services. TC SCP is the home of the UICC –
the most widely deployed Secure Element with more
than 5 billion pieces entering the market every year just
as SIM cards.
Trust and privacy in IoT and mobile applications are
crucial market drivers. As such, our next-generation
platform, the Smart Secure Platform (SSP) will
contribute significantly to achieving these goals. In
high-end deployments, the SSP will be faster and more
ETSI Security Week
flexible than what can be achieved with the UICC, while Held annually in June, the ETSI Security
continuing to support the existing features such as Week explores different aspects of
toolkit and the contactless interface. cybersecurity underpinning our digital
world. Attracting over 300 delegates, this
To advance this new platform TC SCP was supported in year’s event showcased presentations
2018 by an STF for the technical realization of the SSP. from national security agencies, IT
As a first step, we launched work on two specifications: leaders, cybersecurity experts, standards
one containing the general characteristics and one organizations, developers, academics and
describing the specific case of the SSP integrated into policy makers. Sessions covered future-
a System on Chip solution. This is of particular interest proof IoT security and privacy, middlebox
for IoT applications as it vastly reduces the complexity security, eIDAS remote signature creation
and costs of deployment of a Secure Element. services, 5G security and privacy, ICT
standards for the European Digital Single
Part of our work in 2018 went into the development Market and distributed ledger technologies.
and maintenance of more than 50 specifications on the
UICC and, in particular, the update of test specifications.
15 CYBER SECURITY AND PRIVACYSMART CITIES AND COMMUNITIES
Living for the Future
Building tomorrow’s connected communities
Tomorrow’s smart cities and communities will organizations. We continued to capture city needs and
be characterized by standardized services service scenarios for their citizens and infrastructure,
including concrete examples that reflect the importance
that enhance the appeal of these connected of environmental factors and sustainability objectives.
urban environments to residents, businesses, Meanwhile our Human Factors committee (TC HF)
investors and tourists. Totally new and evolved explored consumers’ and citizens’ needs that must
applications will embrace health and social be addressed by smart city standardization, including
accessibility, personalization and data protection.
care, building management and connected
homes, energy efficiency, waste management, Standards to support the roll-out of smart city
transportation, mobility and environmental infrastructures were considered by our Access,
issues. Terminals, Transmission and Multiplexing committee
(TC ATTM). During the year this work included the
specification of measures to ease the deployment
of smart new services and their multiservice street
Smart Cities furniture within the IP network of a single city or cluster
of cities. Related to spectrum usage in smart cities,
infrastructure and we finalized a System Reference document on critical
services
infrastructure utility operations, covering smart grid
and smart metering systems.
Our City Digital Profile Industry Specification Group In October, ETSI Director General Luis Jorge Romero
(ISG CDP) is developing standards to support the welcomed delegates to the second ‘Making Smart
deployment and roll-out of smart city infrastructures, Cities Sustainable’ Eurocities event, organized by eG4U
building on existing standards and specifications and Bordeaux Metropole in partnership with ETSI and
including the work of oneM2M and our own SmartM2M the Smart Building Alliance.
committee.
Focus areas in 2018 included a high-level architecture,
together with a survey of smart city reports and
deliverables by other Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) standardization bodies and research
16In parallel with this activity, ISG CIM continued during
the year to examine use cases relating to context
information, while increasing contact with other groups
where knowledge management is under development,
such as SmartM2M (including SAREF), oneM2M, ITU-T
FG DPM and W3C.
“Smart cities will be the first areas
to benefit directly from our work on
cross-cutting Context Information
Management. As the NGSI-LD API
Available on our YouTube channel, we created a is used to ‘glue together’ existing
‘Smart Cities Made Simple’ video that offers view- databases across the many city
ers a fun, accessible introduction to tomorrow’s services for citizens. The NGSI-LD has
connected communities
already been referenced by many EC
research and innovation programmes,
such as EIP-SCC-01 Lighthouse and
the SynchroniCity project. New use
Context Information cases in Smart Agriculture and Smart
Industry are under development.”
Management
From digitizing industrial processes to creating smart Dr. Lindsay Frost, Chairman, ISG CIM
services for citizens, it is essential to record data
accurately together with its source, meaning and
accuracy – its context information or metadata – and
to transfer these without misinterpretation to other
systems.
Addressing this need, ETSI‘s ISG on cross-cutting
Context Information Management (ISG CIM) is
developing specifications for applications to publish,
discover, update and access context information in a
broad range of environments including smart cities.
The end of 2018 saw completion of a Group
Specification for NGSI-LD - a name that references
early work of the Open Mobile Alliance in defining
high-level NGSI interfaces, as well as advances
from the Linked Data community. The culmination of
two years’ work – including industry feedback on a
preliminary release in April – the specification defines
an Application Programming Interface (API), allowing
developers to write software to provide, consume and
subscribe to context information in multiple scenarios
and with multiple stakeholders.
Of particular relevance to smart city applications, this
enables near real-time access to information from
many different sources, including but not limited to
the IoT. Challenges in interpreting data models and
API standards across platforms mean that much
collected data is seldom leveraged in typical Smart
City applications. NGSI-LD addresses this, building
on widespread property graph data models so that all
kinds of ‘things’ – including people, city boundaries,
buildings, rooms, cars and equipment – can be
readily referenced and described, together with their
relationships.
17 SMART CITIES AND COMMUNITIESRADIO AND WIRELESS SYSTEMS
Wireless World
Radio devices, services and spectrum
Radio technology is an integral part of our daily The EC’s creation of a new approval procedure for our
lives, used for mobile phones, broadcast radio Harmonised Standards during the year also necessitated
a change in our working methods to ensure compliance
and television, Wireless Local Area Network with legislative requirements. We thus co-operated
and cordless technology, Global Navigation closely with the EC to optimize the efficiency of this new
Satellite Systems (GNSS), Radio Frequency process, as exemplified by our participation with other
Identification (RFID) and Short Range Devices ESOs and DG GROW at a successful RED standardization
(SRDs). ETSI creates the standards that define workshop in Brussels plus other bi-lateral events.
many of these radio technologies and systems. Much of the work of our EMC and Radio Spectrum Matters
We also provide the standards used by committee (TC ERM) was accordingly dedicated to
regulatory authorities in Europe and elsewhere defining receiver parameters: these were not mandatory
to manage the radio spectrum environment and under the previous Radio and Telecommunications
Terminal Equipment (R&TTE) Directive that the RED
ensure safe co-existence of systems competing
replaces.
for use of limited spectrum resources.
Positive progress was made in creating new Harmonised
Standards or making updates to existing publications. In
Harmonised Standards the area of Short Range Devices (SRDs) we published
new standards covering Ultra Low Power wireless
and the Radio medical capsule devices operating in the 430 - 440
MHz band, metal and object sensing devices operating
Equipment Directive in the 1 - 148,5 kHz band. We also amended standards
relating to access to radio spectrum for SRDs operating
Compliance with the Radio Equipment Directive (RED) in the 25 MHz - 1 GHz and 1 - 40 GHz ranges. Also on
became mandatory throughout the EU in June 2017, the topic of Short Range Devices we issued Technical
necessitating the revision or replacement of all our Specifications on an architecture and interface protocols
existing Harmonised Standards and the development for Low Throughput Networks (LTN).
of new ones. At the start of 2018, we had published
more than 200 Harmonised Standards in support of the We updated a standard covering access to radio spectrum
RED, of which more than 150 were cited in the Official and features for telephone transmitter/receivers used on
Journal of the European Union (OJEU). inland waterways using the VHF band.
18We updated spectrum standards for radiosonde To meet the spectrum access demand and the needs of
telemetry instruments used in meteorological local high-quality wireless networks, evolved Licensed
applications. Updates were also made to both parts of Shared Access (eLSA) offers a technical means to
a Harmonised Standard covering transmitter/receiver facilitate the spectrum allocation procedure, including
spectrum access for avalanche beacons used by the automatic local area licensing and leasing agreements
emergency services. between incumbents and other players. We thus
developed the first part of a multipart TS on eLSA that
TC ERM also published a number of new System aims to support spectrum access to networks operated
Reference documents (SRdocs). These considered by vertical sector operators.
High-Definition Ground Based Synthetic Aperture
Radars (HD-GBSAR) operating in 1 GHz band; smart We published two parts of a multipart EN on Mobile
tachograph applications in commercial vehicles, Device (MD) information models and protocols for RRS,
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) equipment, Low covering the Multiradio Interface (MURI) and Unified
Power Wide Area Networks Chirp Spread Spectrum Radio Application Interface (URAI).
(LPWAN-CSS) operating in the UHF band below 1
GHz, and Wireless Access Systems/Radio Local Area We published a TS on security requirements for
Networks (WAS/RLANs) in the 5 925 - 6 725 MHz band. reconfigurable radios, including aspects such as
signature creation and validation, secure storage,
In the area of digital audio, we revised radio spectrum trusted timestamps and ‘attestation’ to prove to a
access standards for Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) remote system the authenticity and integrity of an
transmission equipment and the Digital Radio Mondiale RRS’s hardware and software configuration.
(DRM) sound broadcasting service. We also addressed
Digital Mobile Radio systems design. We also published a Technical Report, presenting a
feasibility study on temporary spectrum access for local
high-quality wireless networks. A further TR considered
radio equipment reconfiguration use cases for RRS.
Reconfigurable Radio
Systems Broadband Radio
The telecommunications industry faces a major Access Networks
challenge – a lack of spectrum to meet growing
demand, particularly from the Internet and mobile In 2018 our Broadband Radio Access Networks
communications. However, a significant amount of committee (TC BRAN) continued to produce and
spectrum is allocated exclusively to organizations that maintain standards and specifications for present and
do not take full advantage of it. future Broadband Wireless Access technologies in
different frequency ranges.
For example, much is used only across certain areas
We continued work on the next version of the
or at specific times. If this under-used spectrum could
Harmonised Standard for 5 GHz RLAN, with a focus on
be shared, it could free up spectrum resources to
achieving coexistence between different technologies
support the needs of our connected world, including
within the scope of the standard. The 5.8 GHz band
the Internet of Things (IoT). Sharing will also play a key
is being added to the standard as this band has been
role in the development of 5G.
opened up by some member states. Work on the
revision of the Harmonised Standard for Broadband
Reconfigurable Radio Systems (RRS) – intelligent radio Fixed Wireless Access (BFWA) in 5.8 GHz was
devices which can characterize and act upon their completed.
environment – offer an opportunity for the sharing of
unused spectrum among multiple services and radio Work started on the revision of the Harmonised
networks. In ETSI our Technical Committee on RRS is Standard on White Space Devices (WSD) operating in
responsible for the standardization of these systems, the 470 - 790 MHz TV broadcast band.
including reconfigurable equipment architecture and
Cognitive Radio. We completed a Technical Report studying central
coordination of WAS/RLANs operating in the 5 GHz
In 2018, the committee published an EN describing band.
a radio reconfiguration related architecture for mobile
devices. During the year work also progressed on two System
Reference documents (SRdocs) which contain a
Study continued into a Radio Interface Engine that spectrum request to the CEPT. The first one describes
will address the efficient acquisition and management the technical characteristics of multiple gigabit wireless
of context information and suitable equipment systems in radio spectrum between 57 and 71 GHz
configuration in a heterogeneous radio environment and a second one was on Wireless Access Systems
which might include satellite, mobile broadband and including Radio Local Area Networks (WAS/RLANs) in
the IoT. the band 5 925 - 6 725 MHz.
19 RADIO AND WIRELESS SYSTEMSIn addition to these SRdocs, the group started working
on a Technical Report describing Wireless Access Millimetre Wave
Systems including Radio Local Area Networks (WAS/
RLANs) operating in the band 6 725 - 7 125 MHz. Transmission
4G, the future needs of 5G and the Internet of Things
together pose unprecedented demands on radio access
DECT™ networks and backhauling. As a means of addressing
this, millimetre wave bands in the 30 - 300 GHz range
ETSI is responsible for the development and offer large amounts of under-utilized bandwidth – as
maintenance of specifications for Digital Enhanced well as more spectrum for radio transmission than
Cordless Telecommunications (DECT™) – the leading lower bands, and wider channel bandwidth, with fibre-
standard around the world for digital cordless like capacity. As a source of largely untapped spectrum
telecommunications. Over 1 billion DECT devices have resource, millimetre wave technologies are expected
been installed worldwide: the system has been adopted to be a major enabler for future mobile communications.
in over 110 countries and more than 100 million new
devices are sold every year. In 2018 our Industry Specification Group (ISG) on
millimetre Wave Transmission (mWT) published a
DECT is now being enhanced to include Ultra Low Group Report analysing spectrum, license schemes
Energy (ULE) – the new networking technology for and network scenarios in the D-band to facilitate
residential and building applications driven primarily by deployment of high capacity backhaul systems and
low power requirements for battery-operated devices. decongest heavily-loaded networks.
With around 80% of data traffic generated by indoor
systems, low-latency DECT ULE systems have the Much of the group’s attention focused on exploring
potential to be key contributors to the success of 5G how microwave and millimetre-wave backhaul could
and the Internet of Things – both in smart homes and in meet the requirements of 5G deployment. Building on a
a range of vertical markets. previous white paper, our Group Report on 5G Wireless
Backhaul/X-Haul gained extensive industry and media
In 2018 our DECT Technical Committee made significant interest.
inputs to a DECT-5G Industry White Paper published by the
DECT Forum, the international association of the wireless It is anticipated that communication links in the V-Band
home and enterprise communication industry. Making use will used for access and transport applications,
of license exempt radio spectrum, DECT-5G will seamlessly including street level connectivity, urban/suburban
interface with 3GPP 5G systems in a complementary role. fixed broadband residential access and business
The paper discusses the potential of DECT-5G as a Radio connectivity. We thus published a Group Report
Interface Technology to address specific needs of various presenting a 3D ray-tracing interference analysis based
vertical markets including industrial, media/entertainment, on an urban scenario.
smart home and healthcare.
In 2018 we also updated the first part of the DECT test
specification, covering radio frequency parameters,
security elements and DECT protocols facilitating RF
tests and efficient use of spectrum.
We issued a new Technical Report evaluating vertical
industry use cases for DECT evolution – targeting
lower end-to-end latency, higher data rates and higher
reliability based on the current DECT physical layer
– as well as DECT-2020, a New Radio (NR) interface
supporting URLLC and Machine Type Communications
(MTC). Also relating to DECT’s longer-term evolution,
we published a Technical Report on NR for DECT-2020,
focusing on the physical layer.
A further TR studied technical updates to the DECT
standard to enable super wideband (SWB) audio calls
in existing DECT slot formats as well as technical
improvements to narrowband (NB) and wideband (WB)
calls. A new EN defined the DECT Wireless Relay Station
(WRS) – an additional building block for DECT fixed
networks. We also issued a Technical Specification for
DECT in the 1 920 - 1 930 MHz Unlicensed Personal
Communications Services (UPCS) frequency band.
20Satellite Mobile Standards
Communications Our Mobile Standards Group (TC MSG) provides the
regulatory standards needed to support the deployment
Satellite technology plays a key role in delivering of GSM, UMTS, LTE, NB-IoT and NR networks in
services such as direct-to-home TV and mobile, high-
Europe.
speed Internet access and location services. It is
particularly useful for rural and outlying regions, where
it is difficult to deploy other systems on a commercial In 2018 we aligned our ENs on International Mobile
basis. Telecommunications (IMT) cellular networks with
3GPP Release 13, adding major new features such as
Our Satellite Earth Stations and Systems committee Narrowband IoT, Licensed Assisted Access, Machine-
(TC SES) continued its work on the development and Type Communications and new bands for carrier
revision of Harmonised Standards for satellite earth aggregation. This will enable operators to introduce
station fixed terminals or terminals on the move, these new features in mobile networks, paving the
whether in an aircraft, on board a ship or in a vehicle. way for the future development of 5G technologies.
Throughout the year we actively pursued compliance of We progressed our work on the three parts on base
our Harmonised Standards with the Radio Equipment stations in this multi-part Harmonised Standard and
Directive.
made significant progress on the two other parts
related to User Equipment, while initiating new work
In 2018 we published a technical analysis on the Radio
to add support fort the Active Antenna System Base
Frequency, Modulation and Coding for Telemetry
Command and Ranging (TCR) of Communications Station type. We have also created work items on new
Satellites. parts to cover 3GPP NR Base Stations (BS) and User
Equipment (UE), up to and including 3GPP Release 15.
Work progressed in other areas, including revisions to
existing standards and specifications on performance Work continued on a new technical report exploring
and test specification requirements for GNSS location the possibility of sharing the 6 425 - 7 125 MHz
systems; radio spectrum access for indoor and band between incumbent services and Mobile/Fixed
outdoor satellite receivers; Mobile Earth Stations (MES) Communication Network (MFCN) services.
narrowband user equipment; and a study on Vehicle-
Mounted Earth Stations (VMES) operating in the 14/12 In addition MSG produced two testing standards for
GHz bands; Tracking Earth Stations operating in the
eCall. One is dedicated to prose test specification of
11/12/14 GHz bands; Satellite Earth Stations on board
end-to-end and in-band modem conformance testing
vessels; and Low Bit Rate Data Communications
(LBRDC) below 1 GHz using Low Earth Orbiting updating conformance requirements for different codec
satellites. and radio conditions. The other provides guidelines for
assessing conformity of eCall IVS devices with regards
Work Progressed on the integration scenarios for to essential performance requirements. The resulting
satellite in 5G and the associated architectures. We also test reference are provided as a guidance for device
initiated a new technical analysis of configuring satellite suppliers and integrators to carry out conformity and
networks to integrate edge delivery in 5G systems. essential performance requirement.
21 RADIO AND WIRELESS SYSTEMSNETWORKS
Unlimited Access
Powering tomorrow’s networks
Today’s consumers demand communications Structured around a continuous delivery process with
services that are easily accessible and successive “drops”, it addresses information modelling,
end-to-end multi-site services management, network
available everywhere, on whatever device they slicing, cloud native, acceleration technologies,
are using. Technically, this means networks charging and billing, security, licensing, reliability,
must converge while becoming smarter and testing and policy management.
more sophisticated. At ETSI we provide a
comprehensive set of standards for access Collaborating with our Centre for Testing and
Interoperability (CTI) team, ISG NFV continued to build
network technologies. on the success of previous well-attended Plugtests™
events with the organization of the 3rd NFV Plugtests
event, co-located with the OPNFV Plugfest, in our
Network Functions headquarters.
Virtualization Open collaboration with other standardization bodies
and with Open Source projects remained a priority. We
A key enabler for the success of 5G – and of equal continued close co-operation with other ETSI groups
application with other telecoms network architectures – including ISG MEC and ISG ZSM). We also maintained
Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) mirrors common close links with the Open Source NFV Management
IT industry practices by consolidating heterogenous, and Orchestration (OSM) and Open Platform for NFV
hardware-based infrastructures onto standard (OPNFV) Open Source projects. Our participation
servers, switches and storage. Simplifying roll-out of continued in other Open Source projects including
new services while reducing both deployment and OpenStack and the Open Networking Automation
operational costs, NFV has become an essential Platform (ONAP).
element of modern network design.
With the support of over 300 organizations, the goal
of our Industry Specification Group (ISG) on NFV is to
create flexible specifications that can accommodate
today’s and tomorrow’s network requirements. During
2018 the group continued work on NFV Release 3 that
builds on previous iterations in several significant areas.
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