Program of Studies 2020-2021 - West Springfield High School 425 Piper Road West Springfield, MA 01089 - West Springfield Public Schools
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Program of Studies
2020-2021
West Springfield High School
425 Piper Road
West Springfield, MA 01089
Phone (413) 263- 3400Program of Studies
2020-2021
Table of Contents
Title Page
Core Values, Beliefs, and Learning Expectations 2
Student Performance Expectations 3-4
Graduation Requirements 4-5
Suggested Program of Admission to a Four Year College or University 5
Mass State Colleges and Universities’ Standards 5-6
NCAA Requirements 6
Innovation Pathways 7
Early Release 7
Course Prerequisites 8
No Penalty Add/Drop Period 8
Early Graduation 8
English 9-13
Mathematics 14-18
Science 19-24
Social Studies 25-29
SLIFE/Sheltered English Immersion/English Language Learner Program 30-34
World Language 35-37
Computer, Business and Technology 38-44
Fine and Applied Arts 45-50
Physical Education/Health Education 51-53
Skills Programs (CTEC), WBL, CBL, Internship 54-56
Special Services Programs 57-63
1CORE VALUES, BELIEFS, AND LEARNING EXPECTATIONS
WEST SPRINGFIELD HIGH SCHOOL - WEST SPRINGFIELD, MA
West Springfield High School educates all students to be well rounded, responsible individuals
who contribute to our evolving 21st century society.
Student Course Selection Timeline and Deadlines
Friday January 31, 2020 Middle School Transition Activity
High School Student leaders will go to the WSMS to speak to grade 8
students about academic achievement, the importance of choosing classes,
the high school experience, and to answer WSMS student questions.
Thursday February 6, 2020 Program of Studies Distribution and Teacher Recommendation Day
The Program of Studies will be pushed out to students' Chromebooks.
Students will receive a copy of the course selection form in their first
block class.
Students will meet with all of their classes to review course requests and
receive recommendations from teachers.
Teachers must complete course recommendations for all of their classes
before this day in PowerSchool.
February 7-14, 2020 Open Enrollment Begins (Grades 9-11)
Students must return their course selection worksheets to the counseling
department.
More details will be available for students and parents about this process
as well as the process for students in Grade 8.
Wednesday February 5, 2020 8th Grade Information Night
Communication for this event will be sent by the high school.
February 10, 2020 Course Selection Meetings (Grades 8-11)
through Students will have individual/group meetings with school counselors to
April 3, 2020 review course requests and individual student needs.
Counselors will send meeting notices to students.
Grade 8 meetings will be organized by HS and MS counselors
Communication will be sent home to parents with details.
Wednesday May 1, 2020 or Student Internship Deadline.
when courses are full Early Release Form Deadline.
Wednesday August 19, 2020 Summer Orientation (this date is subject to change)
Grade 9 and students new to the West Springfield High School.
Thursday August 20, 2020 Schedule Distribution
Grade 9 students will receive their schedules at the Summer Orientation
on Wednesday August 19, 2020. Students not in attendance will receive
their schedules in the mail.
All other schedules will be available in PowerSchool on Thursday
August 20, 2019.
Tenth Day of School or No Penalty Add/Drop Period Ends
Friday after Open House
(whichever date is later)
2FOREWORD TO STUDENTS AND PARENTS/GUARDIANS
WEST SPRINGFIELD HIGH SCHOOL
We have prepared this Program of Studies to make students and parents/guardians aware of the courses available and the basic
principles that govern our school. Students and parents/guardians together are responsible for planning the best course sequence, but
please know that teachers, guidance counselors, and administrators are available to assist students and their families with the selection
process.
PLEASE READ :
• The material is important to completion of a student's high school academic career at West Springfield High School.
Collaboration between families and school is an integral part of the success of a student.
• It is essential that students select subjects for next year that will meet their needs and in which they will be successful. If
their plan is to enter college or the business world, there are certain subjects, which should be taken. Consult with counselors
and teachers for assistance in making choices. After the schedule has been run, changes can be made ONLY UNDER
UNUSUAL CIRCUMSTANCES. After 10 school days, courses become a permanent part of the student's record.
• Schedules will be available at Grade 9 orientation or in PowerSchool during the summer. If any issue exists with the
schedule, (i.e., if there is a conflict or a course missing,) students must make an appointment with their counselor to resolve
the problem before the start of the school year. Counselors’ summer schedules and information will be available on the
school website and printed in the West Springfield Record.
• Schedule changes are not permitted after the no penalty add/drop period. It is the responsibility of the student to address
course choices with his/her counselor before summer vacation, and/or to make an appointment during the summer to address
any issues that may have arisen relative to the student’s schedule. STUDENTS AND PARENTS/GUARDIANS SHOULD
THINK VERY CAREFULLY ABOUT EACH COURSE'S EXPECTATIONS PRIOR TO SELECTING ANY
COURSE. STUDENTS WILL BE EXPECTED TO DEVOTE CONSIDERABLE TIME TO EACH SELECTED
CLASS IN ORDER TO BE SUCCESSFUL.
• Students and families should consult the online Student Handbook for any policies or procedures not explicitly covered in
this document. Furthermore, while every attempt is made to ensure consistency between and among all school publications,
the student handbook controls where discrepancies may occur.
STUDENT PERFORMANCE EXPECTATIONS
The level descriptors below represent an attempt to match the student's needs, interest, and performance level with course
expectations. All courses provide the opportunity for challenge, intellectual stimulation, and developmental progress. Teachers,
counselors, and administrators are available to recommend a specific instructional placement. Note: The level of courses for
students new to West Springfield High School will be determined by an analysis of official records (transcripts) submitted as part of
the enrollment process. Courses are identified by level with an icon:
Advanced Placement, Pre-AP, Honors, College Prep
Advanced Placement (AP)
Advanced Placement courses offer intensive and rigorous college-level instruction as all content has been determined by national
standards prescribed by the College Board. Students are advised to note the commitment this course demands. Students must accept
responsibility for independent, outside of class preparation, including homework and long-term projects. Since the course curricula are
very extensive and the exams are given in May, some Advanced Placement courses require students to complete summer reading and
writing assignments. Students who are successful on the Advanced Placement Examination may be awarded college credit or
advanced standing by the college they attend. Classes will be scheduled based on course requests and teacher availability. If a course
is not scheduled for one or both reasons, students are encouraged to discuss other options with their counselor. In order to earn AP
weight and carry the AP course distinction on their transcript, students must sign up and pay for the Advanced Placement
Examination(s) by March 1 for the May exam administration. The cost of the exam is the responsibility of the student and must be
st
paid in full prior to the exam administration. Exam fees are determined by the College Board at the beginning of each school year.
Reduced fees are available to students receiving free and reduced lunch. (See your counselor for more details.) The Advanced
Placement exam satisfies Final Exam requirements for that course.
3Pre-Advanced Placement (Pre-AP)
The Pre-AP Program offers consistent, high standards in focused courses that help build, strengthen, and reinforce students’ content
knowledge and skills. Pre-AP courses get students ready for AP and other college-level coursework. The Pre-AP Program’s objectives
are to improve the college readiness of all students. For purposes of GPA calculation, Pre-AP courses receive the same weight as
Honors level classes. Current courses being offered include Pre-AP Biology and Pre-AP World History and Geography. Future
offerings for Pre-AP might include: Pre-AP Algebra 1, Pre-AP Arts and Pre-AP English 1. Please refer to corresponding departments
for class information.
Honors
Requirements for placement in an Honors course can be found in the course description.
Students must accept responsibility for independent class preparations including homework and long-term projects.
Students must demonstrate organizational and time management skills due to the depth and pace of the course.
GRADUATION REQUIREMENTS
It is the responsibility of each student to see that he or she fulfills all the requirements for graduation.
One hundred and ten credits (110) will be required for graduation.
All students must carry a full seven period schedule unless it is otherwise recommended by a physician, a Special Education or
Section 504 Team. Any exceptions must be approved by the principal or his/her designee.
Semester courses are 2.5 credits/Full year courses are 5 credits.
Diplomas will only be awarded to students who meet all local graduation and MCAS requirements.
A student must:
Earn a minimum of 110 Credits
Pass English 9, 10, 11 and 12
Pass four years of Math which must include Algebra I, Geometry, and Algebra II or their Math equivalent
Pass three years of a lab-based Science one being Biology which can include the equivalent of a Technology lab
(Robotics)
Pass fifteen (15) credits of social studies including the equivalent of 2 US History courses
Pass four courses of PE & Health
Pass the equivalent of one full year course in Fine or Applied Art
Pass additional course credits from any area including content subject to total 110 credits
A student who completes a Career Tech program at LPVEC must:
Earn a minimum of 110 Credits
Pass English 9, 10, 11 and 12
Pass four years of Math which must include Algebra I, Geometry, and Algebra II or their Math equivalent
Pass three years of a lab-based Science one being Biology which can include the equivalent of a Technology lab
(Robotics)
Pass fifteen (15) credits of social studies including the equivalent of 2 US History courses
Pass two courses of PE & Health
Pass a minimum of two semesters or one full year course in any elective
Pass additional course credits from any area or Career Tech to total 110 credits
4*Students entering grade 9 who have completed any course(s) at the high school will have the course entered on their transcript after
they are officially enrolled at the high school. All course(s) will count toward graduation requirements.
*All courses taken outside of the jurisdiction of the high school must be approved by an administrator prior to enrollment of the course
in order to be recorded on his/her transcript and recorded for GPA. It is the responsibility of the student to submit their transcript to
the school to be recorded.
*Vocational equivalencies for graduation requirements may be approved by the building principal or designee for students with special
circumstances.
Promotion
Grade 9 students must successfully complete their English and Math courses to be promoted to Grade 10.
IMPORTANT: Students who have not passed required MCAS tests will be enrolled in MCAS preparation courses.
Credit Recovery
Students have many opportunities to recover the lost credits that they need for promotion and graduation. On an individual basis,
students may be allowed to participate in summer school or other programs that will allow them to continue on their path to graduate
in four years. The high school has designed a course called Natural Connections to assist in the recovery of credits. This course will
be assigned to students during the school day.
Credit Recovery Courses
Credit Recovery – English 9, 10, 11 or 12 (CRE100, CRE101, CRE102, CRE103); Algebra 1 (CRM600), Geometry (CRM601),
Modern World History (CRH200), US History I (CRS201), US History II (CRS202)
Semester course
Students will have an opportunity to regain credit in specific content areas. Course of study will be based on the student’s academic
need and course requests. New and traditional technologies will be incorporated throughout the duration of this course. This
semester course will provide 5 credits based upon student ach bievement.
Suggested Program For Admission To A Four-Year College Or University
As entrance requirements may vary at different colleges and universities, students are encouraged to study admission requirements
closely and plan his/her schedule accordingly. School counselors will help students discover specific requirements for any college
he/she may choose.
Massachusetts State Colleges And University's Minimum Admissions Standards
http://www.mass.edu/shared/documents/admissions/admissionsstandards.pdf
Admission standards for Massachusetts State Universities, including UMASS are subject to change. The student and their
parents/guardians should learn about the requirements and make immediate preparations to take the classes he/she may need to be
accepted into college.
Required Courses
To be considered for acceptance to a Massachusetts State University, students need to take the following 16 courses in high school. A
course is equal to one full school year of study.
English 4 courses
Mathematics 4 courses (Algebra I & II, Geometry, Trigonometry, or comparable course which
MUST be taken during student’s senior year
Sciences 3 courses (including 2 with laboratory work)
Social Studies 2 courses (including 1 in U.S. History)
World Language 2 courses (in the same language)
Electives 2 courses (from above subjects or from Arts & Humanities or Computer Science
5Required Grades
Students need to do well in their college preparatory courses. Admission standards at State Universities continue to rise, please plan
accordingly.
Test Scores
If a student's grades are lower than required, he/she may be able to make up for them by achieving high scores on the SAT or ACT
tests. This is a question that can be answered many ways. Students should see their guidance counselor about required test scores for
certain colleges/universities. Students who earn the required grades should know that it is still important to take the SAT or ACT tests
and have scores sent to the college/university of interest. There are no minimum scores one needs to earn.
Exceptions
Students who do not meet these requirements still should apply. Certain State Universities may admit some students based on factors
other than those outlined here.
Dual Enrollment/Early College
Students at West Springfield High School may elect to enroll at a local college or university through a Dual Enrollment (DUA)
Program. To be eligible for such a program, a student must be in good academic standing at WSHS and have been accepted by the
college/university of his/her choice for the upcoming or current semester or year. In addition, students must complete the appropriate
(full day or per class) Dual Enrollment Contract with their counselor. A DUA Course Approval Form must be completed and signed
by all necessary parties prior to the student's’ enrollment in any DUA course. Copies of the contracts and approval form can be found
in the WSHS Counseling Office. Students wishing to take one class per semester in the dual enrollment program should be advised
that the class they enroll in will not be counted in their overall grade point average. Students who enroll in more than one class per
semester in the dual enrollment program will be excluded entirely from class rank. Please note, it is student responsibility to check
with their college of choice to ensure the Dual Enrollment/Early College credits will transfer. In addition, courses are the equivalent
of an AP course; as such, they are worth 5 credits.
Seal of Biliteracy
The criteria for earning the State Seal of Biliteracy can be found in 603 CMR 31.07(2) of the state regulations. The Board of
Elementary and Secondary Education established these criteria to identify and recognize students who have attained a high level of
proficiency in English and not less than one world language. To qualify for the State Seal of Biliteracy, students must meet all
graduation requirements and the English language and world language criteria. A link to the description at the Department of
Elementary and Secondary Education is: http://www.doe.mass.edu/scholarships/biliteracy/
NCAA Requirements
NCAA Division I & II Initial Eligibility Requirements (Please Note: Students and their families in conjunction with their
school counselor should begin this process during Junior year. Requirements are subject to change.)
Core Courses 16 core courses are required. (see charts below)
Test Scores (ACT/SAT) DI requires students to present a corresponding test score & core-course GPA on sliding scale.
DII requires minimum 820 on SAT or sum score of 68 on ACT.
Core Grade-Point Average Only core courses that appear on the high’s school List of NCAA Courses on the NCAA
Eligibility Center’s website (www.eligibilitycenter.org) will be used to calculate your core-
course GPA.
Division I Core Course Requirements (16) Division II Core Course Requirements (16)
4 years of English 3 years of English
3 years of math (Algebra I or higher) 2 years of math (Algebra I or higher)
2 years of natural/physical science (1 year of lab if offered) 2 years of natural/physical science (1 year of lab if offered)
1 year of additional English, math or natural/physical science 3 year of additional English, math or natural/physical science
2 years of social science 2 years of social science
4 years of additional courses (any area above, world language or 4 years of additional courses (any area above, world language
philosophy) or philosophy)
6GPA
Report cards reflect weighted cumulative grade point averages (GPA). College Prep, Honors and Advanced Placement grades affect
GPA calculation differently because they are assigned varying weighted values with AP weighted the highest. All coursework on a
student's transcript is calculated in the GPA, except for the following:
Physical education courses
Classes taken on a pass/fail or audit basis
Withdraw pass (WP) and fail (WF) courses
All summer school courses
Any courses not approved by the school and taken offsite (early college, dual enrollment, online, evening school)
How to calculate GPA
1. Points per eligible course: Multiply the course grade GPA value by the number of course credits
2. Total points earned: Sum the total of points from all eligible courses
3. Total credits attempted: Sum the cumulative credits attempted
4. Calculate the GPA: Divide total points earned by the total credits attempted
Innovation Pathways (IP)
IP gives students experience in specific high-demand industries through coursework and internships at local area employers. Students earn
college credits through STCC, at no cost to them or their families, and gain insight as to whether the field is something they want to pursue
in college or as a career. Through the Innovation Pathways program at WSHS, students participate in unique networking opportunities with
business owners, hiring managers, and other decision makers in pathway industries to cultivate post-graduation student-employer
relationships. Local facility tours provide students with exposure to the workplace and the opportunity to learn about required 21st century
job skills. Students in the IP program can qualify for summer work experiences, community service opportunities, and receive employment
preparation training, including but not limited to resume writing, job interview counseling and work performance assessment training.
Innovation Pathways students must complete five (5) academic requirements to successfully complete the program, pass two industry-
focused electives*, complete two college-level courses, and complete the IP Capstone/150-hour internship guided by a Massachusetts
Work-Based Learning Plan. Graduates of the IP program can continue their education at STCC, another university, or join the industry
workforce. All students at WSHS are eligible to apply to the IP program; however, all requirements must be fulfilled prior to graduation in
order to successfully complete the program
* CTEC students enrolled in machining, automotive, and computer science programs must complete two successful years of their program
to fulfill the two (2) IP industry-focused course requirements.
Innovation Pathways (Advanced Manufacturing)
WSHS Course Current High School Requirements Fulfilled Proposed High School Requirements Fulfilled
Robotics A & B Tech/Business Tech/Business, Science
Technical Drawing 1 Tech/Business Tech/Business, Applied Art
Technical Drawing 2 Tech/Business Tech/Business, Applied Art
Technical Drawing 3 Tech/Business Tech/Business, Applied Art
Intro to Engineering Tech/Business Tech/Business, Science
IP Capstone (previously P2P) Tech/Business Tech/Business, Science
Early Release
Early Release is available to students who are either a senior in good standing or have special circumstances which require it. Prior to
applying for Early Release, student athletes should consider MIAA rules for maintaining course credits in order to be eligible to
participate in athletics at the school. In order to be considered for Early Release, students must:
Have completed 90 credits at the end of their Junior Year.
Have no outstanding financial obligations at time of registration.
Have completed the appropriate Early Release form by the registration deadline (forms are available in the guidance office).
Have achieved a qualifying score (i.e. 220) in all MCAS testing areas.
Be approved by the principal or his/her designee.
7Course Prerequisites
1. When making course selections, please check for any prerequisites that may exist. Prerequisites are listed in bold type before
the course description.
2. Whether a student meets the prerequisite will be determined initially by their grade/performance at midyear. For example,
the prerequisite for French II is successful completion of French I. If he/she has a midterm average of at least a 60 in French
I, that student will be allowed to select French II.
3. Although students and their families have the right to select their course schedules, the recommendation of a faculty member
should be a consideration when making such selections. If a student decides to select a course for which they are not
recommended, they must see their Counselor to determine if enrollment in the desired course is possible. If it is decided that
enrollment in the course is appropriate, he/she will be provided with a course conflict form to indicate that the student,
parent/guardian, and recommending faculty member are not in agreement. Conflict forms have a deadline. The student will
not be scheduled in the desired course unless the conflict form is submitted to the guidance department.
No Penalty Add/Drop Period
In order to affect schedule changes without penalty, all schedule changes must be resolved no later than the tenth day of
school or the Friday following Open House, whichever is later.
Schedule changes for Semester 2 only courses must be resolved no later than the tenth day of school during that semester.
After the no penalty add/drop period ends, any withdrawal will be recorded as a Withdraw Pass (WP) or Withdraw Fail (WF)
on the transcript. Grades of WP or WF are not calculated in the GPA. Unless there are extenuating/special circumstances,
any student entering a class after the first 10 days of class will be graded as an Audit (AU) for that semester.
Grade Policy Regarding Class Level Changes – If a student is allowed a class level change, after the 10 day, no penalty
add/drop period, teachers will factor in grades earned by students who change course levels in a specific subject area.
Early Graduation
Any student interested in early graduation must complete the appropriate forms and receive approval from parents/guardians,
counselors, and administration. All forms are available in the counseling office.
89
ENGLISH
Four full years of English are required for graduation. Each year, all students will:
Receive grade level instruction in writing, grammar, usage, mechanics, and vocabulary.
Read full-length and anthologized literature, following each course’s curriculum.
Receive language, media, and literature strands from the 2011 Massachusetts Curriculum Frameworks and the Common
Core State Standards.
In addition:
All College Preparatory, Honors, and Advanced Placement students in grades 9-12 will write, for each course, research-
based essays in preparation for college writing.
All freshmen and sophomores will receive preparation for the ELA MCAS.
All students currently enrolled in honors or Advanced Placement at WSHS are required to complete a summer reading
project and the assessment of the project upon their return to school.
The assignments will be distributed and explained to all students (grades 8-11), before school is dismissed in June. The
assignments will be posted on the high school bulletins, the West Springfield Public Library, West Springfield High
School and Middle School offices, and posted at wsps.org.
Freshmen and Sophomores
Core Courses
English 9C: College Preparatory English (ENG015/COT015)
Full-year Course
English 9C is designed for all College Preparatory students, and focuses on: (1) writing, grammar, usage, mechanics, and vocabulary;
and (2) reading classical and modern literature. All students will write original and research-based essays on imaginative and
nonfiction literature. The major works studied will be Homer's The Odyssey, Of Mice and Men, and Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet.
Pre-AP English (ENG024)
Full-year Course
Pre-AP English focuses on the close reading, analytical writing, and language skills that have immediate relevance for students and
that will be most essential for their future coursework. Texts take center stage in the Pre-AP English classroom, where students
engage in close, critical reading of a wide range of literary and nonfiction works. The course trains the reader to observe the small
details within a text to arrive at a deeper understanding of the whole. It also trains the writer to focus on crafting complex sentences as
the foundation for writing to facilitate complex thinking and to communicate ideas clearly.
Pre-AP English focuses on:
• Reading closely: Students read closely and analyze a range of complex literary and informational texts.
• Valuing evidence: Students value textual evidence and incorporate it effectively in writing and speaking.
• Noticing language choices: Students understand how writers and speakers use specific words and sentences to move the thoughts,
emotions, and actions of readers and listeners.
The big ideas that are addressed across units are: Close reading, Evidence-based writing, Vocabulary in context, Precise language,
Collaborative communication, Engaging with texts, Constructing texts, Focusing on language, Researching to learn, and Entering the
conversation.
English 10C: College Preparatory English (ENG025/COT025)
Full-year Course
English 10C builds upon coursework completed in grade 9. Students will explore modes of writing and acquire skills necessary to
succeed on the ELA MCAS. Students who enter English 10C will write analytical and research-based essays for varied purposes and
audiences. Students will analyze poetry, drama, fiction, and nonfiction, including works such as Julius Caesar, and To Kill A
Mockingbird.
English 10H: Honors English (ENG027)
Full-year Course
Students who enter English 10H will write analytical and research-based essays for varied purposes and audiences. Students will learn
strategies for advanced analysis of poetry, drama, fiction, and nonfiction, including major works such as Julius Caesar, and To Kill A
Mockingbird.
10Junior
Core Courses
English 11C: College Preparatory English (ENG030)
Full-year Course
English 11 College embraces the 11th grade Common Core Standards. The course is premised upon the study of American Literature.
Students will have opportunity to expand and polish reading, writing, research, technology, listening, viewing, and speaking skills
while studying a variety of genres. Active reading strategies and higher order/critical thinking skills will be utilized to analyze and
interpret reading selections from specific time periods: Colonial, Rationalist, Romantic, Transcendentalist, Realist, and Modernist.
Students will demonstrate proficiency in the writing process through many modes of writing.
English 11H: Honors English (ENG038)
Full-year Course
English 11 Honors embraces the 11th grade Common Core Standards. The course is premised upon the study of American Literature.
Students will have opportunity to expand and polish reading, writing, research, technology, listening, viewing, and speaking skills
while studying a variety of genres at an advanced level, which includes rigorous independent reading and enrichment based learning.
Critical thinking skills will be used to analyze and interpret reading selections from specific time periods: Colonial, Rationalist,
Romantic, Transcendentalist, Realist, and Modernist. Students will demonstrate proficiency of the writing process through many
modes of writing.
Advanced Placement English Language and Composition (ENG098)
Full-year Course
This course trains students to become skilled readers of nonfiction prose written in a variety of periods, disciplines, and rhetorical
contexts; and trains them to become skilled writers who compose for a variety of purposes. Both their reading and writing will make
students more aware of the interactions among writers’ purposes, audience expectations, and subjects as well as the way generic
conventions and the resources of language contribute to effectiveness in writing. Students completing this course will be prepared for
placement in senior-year Advanced Placement English Literature and Composition. *See AP Student Performance Expectations on
Page 3.
Senior
Core Courses
English 12 C: College Preparatory: British Literature (ENG040)
Full-year Course
English 12 College is aligned to the Common Core standards. Using a chronological approach, units cover the Anglo-Saxon period to
the Twentieth Century, including the Medieval, Renaissance, Romantic, and Victorian periods. Students will study representative
authors from each period. Major works include Shakespeare’s Macbeth, and Shelley’s Frankenstein. Students will also read various
essays, short stories, and poetry from all literary periods, including connections to society today. Major assessments will include, but
are not limited to, analytical essays, projects, presentations, research-based writing, and traditional tests and quizzes.
Advanced Placement English Literature and Composition (ENG099)
Full-year Course
This course will engage students in the careful reading and critical analysis of imaginative literature. Through close reading, students
will deepen their understanding of the ways writers use language to provide both meaning and pleasure for their readers. Students will
learn to consider a work’s structure, style, and themes as well as the elements of figurative language, imagery, symbolism and tone.
Through careful reading, discussion, and writing, students will become more skillful at interpreting literature. *See AP Student
Performance Expectations on Page 3.
Elective Courses
Creative Writing (ENG066)
Semester Course
In this course, students will read and write poems, and produce short stories and dramatic scenes. Students are expected to maintain a
journal and produce a classroom portfolio. The Creative Writing student will experiment with basic poetic forms and learn the
fundamental elements of short fiction and short drama. They will practice imaginative writing and conduct both group and individual
presentations. Students should be open to sharing work with their peers.
11Journalism I, II, and III (I-ENG054, II-ENG055, III-ENG068)
Full-year Course
Prerequisite: Recommendation from English teacher & writing sample submitted to the Journalism teacher
The school newspaper, The Terrier Times, will be produced by members of the Journalism class. Staff positions are assigned based
upon a student's demonstrated capability in a particular area. In addition to writing newspaper articles, students will receive reading
assignments based upon principles and techniques of effective interviewing, news, editorial, feature, and sports writing. In Journalism
I, students will develop a basic understanding of what news is and how to write and present it effectively. In Journalism II, students
will be expected to not only further hone these skills but also to learn how to edit, copy and layout, and to mentor less experienced
writers. The course is open to sophomores, juniors and seniors who are serious about producing a quality newspaper for our school.
Film Adaptation (ENG026)
Semester Course
This course examines the relationship between writing and cinema by focusing on film adaptations of literary genres such as the
novel, short story, nonfiction essay, play and poem. In short, we’ll read works of literature and then watch the movies. We’ll analyze
each medium, study the difference between readership and spectatorship, and question the fidelity of the film to its original text. Most
movies started out as works of literature, so there’s no shortage of material.
Foundations in English (ENG021)
Semester Course
This one-semester course is designed to help students continue developing essential curricular skills in English Language Arts as well
as test-taking strategies needed to succeed when taking the ELA MCAS exam. Students will work on skill development, reading and
decoding questions, preparing responses, writing prompts, and using other essential test taking strategies to maximize their potential.
This course is open to both 9th and 10th grade students.
English Skills – MCAS Prep (ENG056, ENG057)
Semester Course
This course is designed to meet the specific needs of students who have not yet met the minimum requirement for a Competency
Determination in the ELA MCAS. Students will practice utilizing previous MCAS examination questions and develop their broad
skills in reading, writing, and vocabulary. This class will also assist seniors who are required to submit a portfolio appeal to the
Department of Elementary and Secondary Education.
12AP Capstone
Obtaining the AP Capstone diploma is a two year commitment; the AP Seminar is a required prerequisite for the AP
Capstone (This course is available to students in the class of 2020 and subsequent graduation years).
Four additional AP Courses and exams must also be taken at any point throughout high school.
Only AP Seminar may replace English 10. AP Research does not replace a traditional English course.
Students accepted into the AP Capstone program must meet qualifying scores as indicated by PSAT and MCAS data, and
historical GPA’s.
AP Seminar (Prerequisite for AP Research) (ENG022)
Full-year Course
*This course may fulfill the English 10 graduation requirements due to its alignment to MA Standards
This foundational course, typically taken in grade 10 or 11, provides students with opportunities to think critically and creatively,
research, explore, pose solutions, develop arguments, collaborate, and communicate using various media. Students explore real-world
issues through a variety of lenses and consider multiple points of view to develop deep understanding of complex issues as they make
connections between these issues and their own lives. Students read articles, research studies, and foundational and philosophical
texts; listen to and view speeches, broadcasts, and personal accounts; and experience artistic and literary works to gain a rich
appreciation and understanding of issues. Students are assessed with two through-course performance tasks and an end-of-course
exam. *See AP Student Performance Expectations on Page 3.
AP Research (ENG023)
Prerequisite: Successful completion of AP Seminar
Full-year Course
The second course in the AP Capstone experience allows students to design, plan, and conduct a yearlong research-based investigation
on a topic of individual interest. Through this inquiry and investigation, students demonstrate the ability to apply scholarly
understanding to real-world problems and issues. Students further the skills acquired in the AP Seminar course by understanding
research methodology; employing ethical research practices; and accessing, analyzing, and synthesizing information to build, present,
and defend an argument. *See AP Student Performance Expectations on Page 3.
Students are assessed through culminating performance tasks:
• Academic thesis paper (approximately 5,000 words) with a defined structure
• Presentation, performance, or exhibition and oral defense of research and presentation
13Math Pathways
14MATHEMATICS
The minimum graduation requirements for Mathematics are:
Pass four years of Math of which must include Algebra I, Geometry, and Algebra II or their Math equivalent.
Algebra I Part I (MAT225/COT225)
Full-year Course
This full year course is the first half of a two-year sequence. It covers the first part of the Algebra 1 curriculum. This course provides
support for students requiring additional time and practice in order to be successful in a one year Algebra 1 class. Students who are
successful in this course will be required to enroll in Algebra I Part II the following year.
Algebra I Part II (MAT235/COT235)
Prerequisite: Successful completion Algebra I Part I or its equivalent
Full-year Course
This full year course is the second half of a two-year sequence. It covers the second half of Algebra I. This course includes a
geometry unit to prepare students for the MCAS examination required for graduation.
Algebra I (MAT213/COT213)
Prerequisite: Successful completion of a common core Pre-Algebra course/8th grade math and teacher recommendation
Full-year Course
This full-year course covers the Algebra I curriculum at a faster pace than the Algebra I Part I and Algebra I Part II sequence. The
course provides a formal development of the algebraic skills and concepts necessary for students planning to take higher level math
courses during their high school career.
Freshman Foundations in Mathematics (MAT220)
Semester Course
This one-semester course is designed as a proactive intervention to help prepare 9th grade students who are at risk for not being
successful with typical high school Algebra curriculum and/or achieving proficiency on the MCAS test. It is focused on developing
essential skills needed to succeed within Mathematics classes at the high school and when taking the MCAS exam. Students will
engage in curriculum and participate in assignments designed to support background knowledge and make progress in this discipline,
especially the leap from concrete to abstraction required of Algebra. Students will be hand-selected for this course using the student’s
MATH MCAS results and teacher recommendation.
Sophomore Foundations in Mathematics (MAT280)
Semester Course
This is a one-semester course designed to help second year students continue developing essential curricular skills in Mathematics as
well as test-taking strategies needed to succeed when taking the MATH MCAS exam. Students will work on skill development,
reading and decoding questions, problem-solving, preparing open responses, and using other essential test taking strategies to
maximize their potential. Students will be hand-selected for this course using data from their 9th grade Math course(s).
Geometry (MAT233/COT233)
Prerequisite: Successful completion of or concurrent enrollment in Algebra I
Full-year Course
This class, intended for tenth graders, covers geometry emphasizing two-dimensional Euclidean geometry plus some three-
dimensional works. Topics include properties of polygons and circles, parallelism, congruence, similarity, special triangles and right
triangle trigonometry, basic proofs, transformations, constructions, calculated measurements, and coordinate geometry. If time allows,
more complex proofs will be attempted. Because of the nature of the course materials, state curriculum frameworks and testing, it is
essential that this course be taught with a large algebra influence. Therefore successful completion of Algebra 1 before taking this
course is best.
15Geometry Honors (MAT237)
Prerequisite: Successful completion of Algebra I and/or Algebra II in addition to teacher recommendation.
Full-year Course
This course covers all the topics in geometry. Honors geometry also covers in-depth proofs, solid geometry, coordinate geometry,
locus of points, transformations and vectors. Term projects may be expected.
Mathematics Can Achieve Success – MCAS I (MAT270)
Semester Course
This is a course focusing on algebra and geometry topics covered by the State MCAS tests, including basic mathematical skills, test-
taking strategies and problem solving for different types of questions. Daily homework and a daily on-task grade are core components
of this course. This course is intended for juniors and seniors who need to improve their MCAS score.
Mathematics Can Achieve Success – MCAS II (MAT271)
Semester Course
This is a course focusing on solving the type of advanced and multi-part problems commonly given on MCAS tests. The course will
begin with a review of basic topics and vocabulary covered in MCAS Part 1. It is intended for juniors and seniors who need to
improve their MCAS score.
Business Math (MAT212)
Full-year Course
This course provides the opportunity to use basic math skills to solve practical business and personal finance problems. Topics include
checking accounts, methods of receiving income, payroll, taxes, fringe benefits, borrowing money, consumer purchases, insurance,
buying or leasing a car, maintaining a car, and investments. This course is intended for juniors and seniors who have completed
minimum algebra and geometry graduation requirements but have not yet completed Algebra II.
Problem Solving (MAT211)
Full-year course
Recognizing the importance of problem solving in real life, Henry Ford said “Most people spend more time and energy going around
problems than in trying to solve them.” This non-traditional math course investigates a variety of strategies that will help participants
solve puzzles. Students will work individually and in teams to develop detailed solutions and will present in both oral and written
formats. This course is intended for juniors and seniors who have completed minimum algebra and geometry graduation requirements
but have not yet completed Algebra II.
Applied Topics In Algebra II (MAT224)
Prerequisite: Successful completion of Algebra I and Geometry
Full Year Course
This Applied Algebra II course is designed to enhance students knowledge of algebra topics and make connections between algebra,
geometry, and statistics as we solve problems in a series of realistic situations, or investigations, from which the crucial need for
mathematics arise. As a second year of Algebra, this course emphasizes, through numerical, algebraic, and graphical methods,
important concepts required by four year colleges including problem solving and mathematical modeling with linear functions and
systems, quadratic and variation functions, exponential, logarithmic and financial models, probability and systems, quadratic and
variation functions, exponential, logarithmic and financial models, and probability and statistic. This course is not designed to be a
complete preparation for Pre-Calculus.
Algebra II (MAT223)
Prerequisite: Successful completion of Algebra I and Geometry
Full-year Course
This second year algebra course emphasizes, through numerical, algebraic, and graphical methods, important concepts required by
more advanced courses such as college Pre-Calculus and Calculus: a review of linear functions, in-depth study of graphs, behaviors,
operations and applications of quadratic, polynomial, rational, exponential and logarithmic expressions and/or functions; numerical
expressions and equations with powers, and also, patterns, systems and decision making through mathematical modeling.
16Algebra II Honors (MAT227)
Prerequisite: Successful completion of Algebra I and Geometry (preferably honors) in addition to teacher
recommendation.
Full-year Course
In addition to all topics in Algebra II, Honors Algebra II also covers arithmetic and geometric sequences, other functions including
square root and absolute value, complex numbers and solving quadratic, rational, exponential, logarithmic, and radical inequalities.
Term projects may also be expected.
Advanced Topics in Mathematics (MAT230)
Prerequisite: Successful completion of Algebra II
Full-year Course
This is a course designed to introduce students to more advanced math concepts and further develop skills required by four year
colleges, including a review and extension of those studied in Algebra II, basic trigonometry (e.g., sine/cosine function, right triangle
trig, and laws of sines/cosines), sequences and series including binomial expansion, intermediate probability and combinatorics, and
conic sections. The purpose of this course is to strengthen a student’s algebraic problem solving skills to help them prepare and
transition into Pre-Calculus either at the high school or college level.
Probability and Statistics (MAT245)
Prerequisite: Successful completion of or concurrently enrolled in Algebra II
Full-year Course
This is a course designed to apply data analysis and inferential techniques to real world information. Covers topics in a typical
beginning college statistics course including sampling techniques; graphs; measures of central tendency and dispersion; probability
and the Binomial, Poisson, Geometric, and Normal distributions; confidence intervals and hypothesis tests; and regression analysis.
Advanced Placement Statistics (MAT253)
Prerequisite: Successful completion of Algebra II
Full-year Course
This course follows the College Board® standards for Advanced Placement Statistics. Topics include those of first-level college
Probability and Statistics courses. The purpose of this statistics course is to introduce students to the major concepts and tools for
collecting, analyzing, and drawing conclusions from data. Students are exposed to four broad conceptual themes: Exploring data
through describing patterns and departures from patterns, Sampling and Experimentation involved in planning and conducting a study,
Anticipating Patterns through exploration of random phenomena using probability and simulation, and Statistical Inference including
estimating population parameters and testing hypotheses. The focus and pace of the course will be in preparation for taking the
Advanced Placement exam in May. College credit may be earned for passing this exam. *See AP Student Performance Expectations
on Page 3.
Pre-Calculus (MAT251)
Prerequisite: Successful completion of Algebra II and Geometry
Full-year Course
Emphasis is placed on the following topics: Polynomial, rational, absolute value, radical, step, exponential, logarithmic, periodic,
piecewise, and inverse functions. Also studied are principal trigonometric concepts which include angles and their trigonometric
functions, trigonometry of triangles, and identities. This course also studies concepts of limits, extrema, and function behavior as a
preparation of Calculus. Students planning to take Advanced Placement Calculus should consider an Honors Pre-Calculus.
Pre-Calculus Honors (MAT257)
Prerequisite: Successful completion of Algebra II (preferably honors) in addition to teacher recommendation.
Full-year Course
In addition to greater depth of study in all topics in Pre-calculus, Honors Pre-Calculus covers advanced topics, including trigonometric
identity proofs, polar equations, composition of functions, finite and infinite sequences and series, the binomial expansion,
convergence proof by induction, and regression analysis. Term projects may also be expected.
17Introduction to Calculus (MAT250)
Prerequisite: Successful completion of Pre-Calculus
Full-year Course
After a review of functions and function behavior from Pre-Calculus, students will learn the basics of differentiation for the standard
functions, sums, products, quotients and basic compositions of functions, beginning integration, and applications of those including
business, physical, and geometric problems. These will prepare students to finish their study of Calculus 1 in college.
Advanced Placement AB Calculus (MAT252)
Prerequisite: Successful completion of Pre-Calculus
Full-year Course
This course follows the College Board® standards for Advanced Placement Calculus AB. Topics include: those of college Calculus I
(and possibly Calculus II) courses. This will include limits, derivatives, integration, Riemann sums and other numerical estimation
methods, function behavior, and applications of derivatives and integrals. The focus and pace of the course will be in preparation for
taking the Advanced Placement exam in May. College credit may be earned for passing this exam. *See AP Student Performance
Expectations on Page 3.
18Science Pathways
We encourage students to take the most challenging curriculum possible. Crossing between levels and choosing electives from year to year is
to be considered in consultation with the student’s School Counselor. Students should refer to the Program of Studies to determine necessary
prerequisites and whether courses are full year or semester.
Freshmen and Sophomores take only one science per year. Juniors and Seniors may take more than one science as enrollment allows.
Preference will be given to seniors requiring courses to graduate.
19SCIENCE
The minimum graduation requirements for Science are:
Pass three years of a lab-based Science one being Biology which can include the equivalent of a Technology lab
(Robotics).
In addition:
All science classes at West Springfield High School are lab-based classes.
Students may take only one science course per semester, except juniors and seniors requiring additional courses to
graduate.
Upperclassmen interested in pursuing science-based careers may take more than one science course per semester where
space allows after the schedule is created. Seniors will be given priority.
Biology (SCI312) Lab (LAB312)
Full-year Course
This course or its equivalent is required for all ninth grade students. Students enrolled in this course will cover the Massachusetts
Biology Frameworks in preparation for taking the MCAS. Topics covered include four major units including from molecules to
organisms (structures and processes), ecosystems (interactions, energy, and dynamics), heredity (inheritance of various traits), and
biological evolution (unity and diversity). The lab component is designed to expose students to the Massachusetts State Science
Practices including developing and using models, constructing explanations, engaging in argumentation from evidence, obtaining,
evaluating, and communicating information, using multiple types of models including mathematical models to make predictions,
developing explanations, analyze, and communicating ideas and make claims based on evidence. The lab course will run every other
day opposite PE or Health class.
Pre-AP Biology (SCI355) LAB (LAB355)
Full-year course
The Pre-AP Biology course emphasizes the integration of content with science practices—powerful reasoning tools that support
students in analyzing the natural world around them. This ability is one of the hallmarks of scientific literacy, and it cultivates a more
sustainable pathway to numerous college and career opportunities in science as well as numerous natural and social sciences. This
course focuses deeply on the foundational biology knowledge and skills that matter most in preparing students for subsequent
coursework in science. This course concentrates on the core areas of ecological systems, evolution, cellular systems, and genetics.
Rather than understanding content topics in isolation, students will make meaningful connections between the structures, processes,
and interactions that exist across biological systems—from cells to ecological communities. In Pre-AP Biology, students will:
Actively participate in analyzing real-world phenomena; apply science practices to construct and revise their knowledge; regularly
collaborate with their peers in dialogue, investigations, and problem solving.
Biology II (SCI313)
Prerequisite: Successful completion of Biology
Full-year Course
Students enrolled in this course will cover the Massachusetts Biology Frameworks in preparation for taking the MCAS. Topics
covered include four major units including from molecules to organisms (structures and processes), ecosystems (interactions, energy,
and dynamics), heredity (inheritance of various traits), and biological evolution (unity and diversity). This project-based course will
focus on further development of content knowledge and test taking strategies for students who have not met the minimum proficiency
to pass the biology MCAS.
Chemistry In The Community (SCI322)
Prerequisite: Successful completion of Algebra I or its equivalent
Full-year Course
This course is designed for students who are interested in gaining general knowledge in chemistry and in becoming aware of the role
chemistry plays in their everyday lives, enabling them to make informed decisions about issues involving chemistry, science and
technology. The course emphasizes scientific thinking, involves problem solving, covers key concepts in chemistry and engages
students in numerous and varied hands-on laboratory activities. Topics covered include the structure of the atom, elements and the
Periodic Table, covalent and ionic compounds, chemical reactions, organic chemistry, gases and the atmosphere, and solutions, acids
and bases. Each topic includes real-life connections or applications. Students will apply basic algebra skills, such as solving one-
variable equations. This course is suitable for students who plan to attend a four-year college in an area other than science. In certain
instances, students who have successfully completed Chemistry in the Community may be eligible to take College-Prep Chemistry.
20Chemistry (SCI326)
Prerequisite: Successful completion of Geometry or its equivalent
Full-year Course
This quantitative course is designed for students who plan to attend a four year college. Many of the situations involve problem
solving; therefore, a reasonable degree of mathematical skill is necessary. Topics covered include properties of matter, atomic
structure, periodicity, chemical bonding, chemical reactions and stoichiometry, gases and kinetic molecular theory, solutions, acids
and bases, nuclear chemistry, and fission and fusion.
Chemistry Honors (SCI327)
Prerequisites: Successful completion of Geometry or its equivalent
Full-year Course
This rigorous course requires a high level of critical thinking and mathematical skills. Topics include properties of matter, atomic
structure, periodicity, chemical bonding and compound nomenclature, chemical reactions and stoichiometry, gases and kinetic
molecular theory, solutions, acids and bases, thermochemistry, oxidation-reduction, and organic. Most concepts will be supported with
student-executed laboratory investigations. It is designed for students who plan to attend a four year college and is especially helpful
to those planning on a career in science or health.
Earth Science (SCI321)
Full-year Course
Students will gain an understanding of when and how the earth formed, the changes it has undergone, and how these changes inform
us of what changes are taking place today. Fundamental geologic concepts covered include earth time scale, relative dating, formation
of minerals, ores, fossils, fossil fuels, rocks, continents, tectonic plates, oceans, atmosphere, long-term natural climate patterns and
cycles, and life on Earth. Each geologic time period will require the study of three pillars: one, physical processes and resources; two,
changes to the atmosphere, oceans and climate; three, changes to life on Earth. The students then compare the full body of evidence of
the changes to our climate that we are experiencing compared to the natural changes of climate throughout Earth’s entire history.
Environmental Science I (SCI336) - Climate Change, Climate system & Biomes
Prerequisite: Successful completion of Biology and Algebra I or its equivalent
Semester Course
This course begins with students learning to conduct scientific experiments in the field and laboratory. The entire process of science
from question to publication will be learned. Many classes are held outside investigating the ponds, stream, forests, grasslands on
campus. Next, students will study biomes and then the global climate system of Earth. Current global climate change, with the full
body of evidence, will be studied to include the role of human activity in the present condition of the planet is the final unit for the
semester. Lessons will be a combination of demonstration, think-tank modeling and doing, field study, lab investigation, group work,
lecture. Many labs and investigations require working with a group but generating individual lab reports.
Environmental Science II (SCI337) - Sustainability, Resources & Green Energy
Prerequisite: Successful completion of Biology and Algebra I or its equivalent
Semester Course
Students will investigate non-renewable energy and green energy, how many years of resources remain, and if sustainability is
possible. The alternative energy topics to be studied include active solar, passive solar, solar hot water systems, geothermal heating
and cooling, wind turbines, wave turbines, biomass, landfill-gas emission capture generating plants, bio-diesel, fuel alcohol, algae,
hydrogen cells, and hybrid systems like co-generations for the home and gas/diesel electric hybrid automobiles. Students will design
and build a solar system on which the classroom and their Chromebooks are powered as well as make biodiesel from cooking oil that
we then use to power a diesel car we drive on campus. The cost-benefit analysis and environmental impact of all options is a main
component of the course. Group work and laboratory investigations are a weekly part of instruction.
21You can also read
