Product & Service Catalogue - Kohler Uninterruptible Power
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About Kohler Three Phase 16 Service Solutions 72 Uninterruptible Power 4 Kohler PW 5000/TP 18 Maintenance 74 Kohler Uninterruptible Products 8 Kohler EW 6000 22 Monitoring 74 Single Phase 10 Kohler EW 6000TX 26 Batteries 75 Kohler PW 1000 Range 12 Kohler PW 6000 30 On-site 76 Kohler PW 1000/LT 14 Kohler PW 8000DPA 34 Technical Specifications 78 Kohler PW 1000/OT 14 Kohler PW 9000DPA 40 Kohler PW 1000/ORM 14 Kohler PW 9250DPA 46 Kohler PW 9500DPA 52 Kohler MF1500 DPA 58 Modes 62 Lithium-ion Batteries 64 Battery Monitoring 68 3
About Kohler Uninterruptible Power Total vertical and horizontal scalability using hot swap modularity
What makes us different? Why choose us? The Kohler Uninterruptible Our aim is simple – to be the best Kohler Uninterruptible Power takes a Power mission power protection company there is. comprehensive, end-to-end approach to Together with our parent company, the meeting our customers’ specific and demanding requirements. From initial To continuously Kohler Company’s Power Group, Kohler Uninterruptible Power is a driving force contact through installation, service, maintenance and disposal, Kohler delight our within the power protection industry offering pioneering product technology, Uninterruptible Power provides its customers with an unrivalled partner for customers through service excellence and global reach. complete peace of mind. the provision of Best in class power protection solutions We understand that every client is different and each has its own specific industry-leading Central to our product portfolio is a range opportunities to consider and challenges to overcome. The key, we believe, Power Protection of the highest quality, class-leading three- phase and single-phase uninterruptible is to spend the time required to truly understand the business and how it Solutions and power supplies. Developed to offer the highest levels of efficiency, availability, operates. Only then can we apply our comprehensive product range, Support Services. scalability and flexibility. combined with our broad support services offering, to provide power Leveraging Kohler’s technical leadership protection solutions which exceed in global power protection, the full power expectations. protection portfolio includes: This also means Kohler Uninterruptible Uninterruptible power supply (UPS) Power continuously invests in product Battery systems and system development, the talent of its employees, broadening its range of Software and ancillaries services, and improving its service Service excellence guaranteed delivery. By doing so, Kohler Uninterruptible Power expertly meets Kohler Uninterruptible Power has built the present and future needs of its an outstanding reputation for service customers and achieves its objective – excellence through its unrivalled pre and to be a leader of power protection post sales support. Our wide range of solutions and services. services includes initial site surveys, system design, installation and commissioning, preventative maintenance, training, and technical About Kohler Co. support. Established in 1873, Kohler Co. has With 24/7 availability, all these services a pedigree for quality, innovation and are delivered by a dedicated and exceptional craftsmanship. In 1920, extensive network of trained service it launched the world’s first engine engineers and service support staff - powered electric generator. Since then, ensuring lifelong and reliable operation of it has been developing products for the power protection solutions it provides. every aspect of critical load protection and is one of the world’s largest power protection equipment manufacturers with products in use on every continent. Together, Kohler Uninterruptible Power and Kohler bring a potent, global force of longevity, pedigree, pioneering product technology, service excellence and global reach to the power protection industry. 5
Product overview: Market overview Industry-leading products Kohler Uninterruptible Power’s product From financial services and Colo portfolio contains some of the most providers to retail and manufacturing technologically advanced power giants, Kohler Uninterruptible Power’s protection products. At the core of its products are being utilised in a broad product portfolio is a range of high range of markets, supporting an even quality and reliable three-phase and broader range of applications. single-phase uninterruptible power supplies. Regardless of whether you need a multi- MVA system to support a tier 4 data Single-phase UPS from 1–20 kVA, centre or a 10 kVA UPS to support an parallelable up to 80 kVA emergency lighting system, Kohler Uninterruptible Power has the perfect Three-phase transformerless UPS from solution. Our teams of sales managers 10-1200 kVA scalable up to 9.6 MVA and engineers have extensive experience Battery systems in developing tailor-made solutions, specifically designed to meet your Switchgear particular challenges and ensure that any Emergency lighting static inverters requirement can be satisfied, no matter the business or area of operation. Software and ancillaries Service overview 24/7 onsite service Initial site survey System design Installation Commissioning Preventative maintenance Repair Battery maintenance, replacement and testing Capacitor replacement Load bank testing Witness testing Disposal 7
Kohler Uninterruptible Power’s product portfolio contains some of the most technologically advanced power protection products. At the core of its product portfolio is a range of high quality and reliable three-phase and single-phase uninterruptible power supplies. 10
Single Phase 11
12 Kohler PW 1000 (800 VA–20 kVA)
Kohler PW 1000 range Capacities from 800 VA to 20 kVA Single phase Standalone UPS Tower and rack mounted designs available High efficiency of up to >96% For server, network, storage, and telecommunication applications – combining high reliability and high efficiency. Single-phase UPS for smaller-scale operations – without compromising on quality. 13
The Kohler PW1000/LT The Kohler PW1000/OT Either tower or rack-mounted, provides reliable power is an online double the Kohler PW1000/ORM protection for low power conversion single-phase is an online double conversion single-phase applications UPS that delivers a single-phase UPS covering from 800 VA to 2200 VA, continuous sinusoidal power requirements from making it the ideal solution voltage to ensure maximum 1–20 kVA. Providing a as power back-up for PCs, power protection, while continuous sinusoidal, filtered workstations, servers and filtering and stabilising the and stabilised voltage to the load, it protects against the other network storage power supplied to protect loss of power and mains devices. against mains disturbances. disturbances. Kohler PW1000/LT Kohler PW1000/OT Kohler PW1000/ORM Line interactive technology Online double-conversion technology Online double-conversion technology Power range: 800 VA, 1500 VA and Power range: 1, 2, 3, 6, 10, 15 and Power range: 1, 2, 3, 6, 10, 15 and 20 kVA 2200 VA 20 kVA 0.9 power factor Built-in automatic voltage regulation 0.9 power factor Up to 96.5% efficiency (eco mode) LED display Up to 96.5% efficiency (eco mode) LCD/LED display Tower design LCD/LED display Interfaces – RS-232, SNMP, USB, dry Tower design contact relay This line interactive UPS is available in a tower design and provides up to five Interfaces – RS-232, SNMP, USB, dry Convertible tower/rack-mounted design minutes of continuous power during the contact relay Extended battery autonomy options loss of mains power. It also protects Extended battery autonomy options against disturbances in the mains power Combining all the smart features you as its automatic voltage regulator (AVR) This tower design UPS is available in would expect in a UPS, including high ensures a source of stable, continuous 1, 2, 3, 6, 10, 15 and 20 kVA models. efficiency of up to 96.5%, a power factor power is provided under brown-out, sag, With a 0.9 power factor and high of 0.9, an LCD display and a wide range surge and spikes conditions. efficiency up to 96.5%, it combines all of communications interface options, the smart functionality you would expect PW1000/ORM is affordable, reliable and with a standard digital display and a flexible. wide range of communications interface options. 14
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Three Phase 17
18 Kohler PW 5000/TP (10–50 kVA)
Three-phase UPS for midsize Kohler PW 5000/TP server rooms, networks, Capacities from 10 kVA to 50 kVA three phase telecommunication systems On-line double conversion, and industrial processes. transformerless technology for high reliability Parallel capability of up to 20 units Intelligent battery management 95.5% efficiency across a wide load range Integral batteries Near unity input power factor (0.99) Low input harmonic distortion (THDi
Flexible battery configuration Highest load availability High efficiency for lowest lifetime costs Optimal sizing of battery capacity Productivity maximised, ‘downtime’ High efficiency at partial and rated loads minimised 10–50 kVA with different sized cabinets Low carbon footprint Extended autonomy with matching Paralleled systems are designed to With a transformerless design and battery cabinets ensure availability by significantly Energy Saving Inverter Switching (ESIS) increasing system redundancy. In the technology, Kohler PW 5000/TP delivers Kohler PW 5000/TP is available in three case of a power failure, should a UPS unit efficiency at partial and rated loads (up cabinet sizes, enabling you to choose fail, the remaining units are still able to to 95.5%). This level of efficiency the ideal capacity and required continue to support the critical load. dramatically reduces the total cost of autonomy for your critical load. The Redundant paralleled systems also ownership of the UPS during its lifecycle. smaller 10-25 kVA units are available in enable regular maintenance to be carried two cabinet sizes, dependent on the out on the system without any Ripple-free and optional temperature required level of autonomy, with the requirement to remove the critical load controlled battery chargers protect larger units (25–50 kVA) available in a from conditioned power. batteries and extend the lifetime third cabinet size, which can house both performance, further reducing running 7/9 Ah and 28 Ah batteries. costs. Additional battery cabinets that match These benefits combine to make the perfectly with the UPS for scaling Kohler PW 5000/TP a truly eco-friendly autonomy time. solution for all power protection requirements. Space saving Reduced footprint Valuable floor space maximised With a footprint of only 0.4m2 at 50 kVA, the Kohler PW 5000/TP has a power density of up to 100 kW/m2. As a result, substantial and valuable space savings are achieved even at the highest power ratings. LCD display Output contacts and SNMP card (optional) Customer inputs RS232 interface Rectifier and bypass fuses Batteries Battery fuses Maintenance bypass switch Parallel isolator Battery containment Input/output connection 20
Kohler PW 5000/TP range UPS cabinet A (10–20 kVA) UPS cabinet B (10–25 kVA) UPS cabinet C (25–50 kVA) Dimensions (W x D x H) Dimensions (W x D x H) Dimensions (W x D x H) 345 x 710 x 720 mm 345 x 710 x 1045 mm 440 x 910 x 1420 mm Weight without battery Weight without battery Weight: 7/9 Ah cabinet without battery 10 kVA: 60 kg 10 kVA: 88 kg 25 kVA: 151 kg 15 kVA: 62 kg 15 kVA: 90 kg 30 kVA: 160 kg 20 kVA: 64 kg 20 kVA: 92 kg 40 kVA: 165 kg 25 kVA: 94 kg 50 kVA: 170 kg Weight with 48 x 7/9 Ah battery 10 kVA: 180 kg Weight with 96 x 7/9 Ah battery Weight: 28 Ah cabinet without battery 15 kVA: 182 kg 10 kVA: 328 kg 25 kVA: 135 kg 20 kVA: 184 kg 15 kVA: 330 kg 30 kVA: 145 kg 20 kVA: 332 kg 40 kVA: 150 kg 25 kVA: 334 kg 50 kVA: 155 kg Weight with 144 x 7/9 Ah battery 25 kVA: 540 kg 30 kVA: 550 kg 40 kVA: 555 kg 50 kVA: 560 kg Weight with 48 x 28 Ah battery Available in three different cabinet sizes 25 kVA: 605 kg Cabinet A: 10 – 20 kVA 30 kVA: 615 kg Cabinet B: 10 – 25 kVA 40 kVA: 620 kg Cabinet C: 25 – 50 kVA 50 kVA: 625 kg 21
Kohler EW 6000 Transformerless (UPS 10–1200 kVA)
Advanced, compact 3:3/3:1 Kohler EW 6000 UPS for finance companies, New 10–40 kW range servers rooms, healthcare, Advanced IGBT inverter High efficiency, up to 96% government and national Output PF 1.0 defence, retail, leisure and Easy to use display and menu hospitality, transportation and Transformerless Intelligent battery management system telecommunication systems. prolongs battery service life Compact and efficient Flexible design User-friendly Exceptional power density and high Use with either internal, external or LCD screen with flow through menu to output power factor (≥0.99) result in a combined battery strings access functions and settings highly compact, leading edge footprint Flexible battery configurations (10kW Authority management and two-button Efficiency up to 96% (@50-100% load), ±8-20 blocks and 20-40kW ±12-20 design to reduce risk of mistakes reducing running costs and blocks) maximise resilience and use of Easy troubleshooting via history log and environmental impact existing batteries fault alarm record Diverse range of inputs and outputs comprising 1:1, 3:1 and 3:3 for 10-20kW and 3:1 and 3:3 for 30-40kW Performance and reliability Definable charge current: 1-10A for LCD Display 10-20kW, 1-20A for 30-40kW Low THDi (
Three-phase UPS for finance Kohler EW 6000 companies, data centres, 50–200 kW medical equipment, IGBT rectifier and inverter High efficiency, up to 96% government and national Output PF 1.0 defence, telecommunications Fault trace management systems, transportation and Transformerless Intelligent battery management system energy processes. prolongs battery service life Flexible network management: SNMP Green power Flexible design Options High efficiency in online mode (up to 96%) Common battery bank sharing in parallel Customised power distribution cabinet reduces heat dissipation and limits system Expanded dry contact power consumption costs Flexible battery configuration improves Intelligent battery monitoring system Efficiency >99% in eco mode gives service ability significant cost reduction Bypass voltage regulator High power density design with compact size, 120 kW covers 0.3825 m2 Dual-system control card Frequency converter function (60 Hz to Auto switch: STS/ATS 50 Hz or 50 Hz to 60 Hz) Reliable Energy feedback absorber Smart generator management N+X in parallel Wide input voltage range, 176Vac - Self-aging test function without load 280Vac (230Vac -23% to +21%) Input isolation transformer enables onsite commission Robust overload ability SPD: C grade Easy onsite parallel modification Dual system control card preventing Output synchronisation common bus single failure point Battery charge temperature IGBT rectifier benefit with low THDi compensation (≤3%) and high power factor Bus synchronisation control function provides reliable high power for the dual-bus application 3-level IGBT inverter ensures excellent performance Intelligent fan control reduces noise and prolongs fan service life Intelligent management Fault trace management (FTM) for convenient failure analysis (waveform record) Easy access to additional settings and status information via on-screen menu Auto dedusting function Key components pre-alarm function 80–120 kW 50–60 kW 24
High efficiency, advanced Kohler EW 6000 UPS for larger loads in data New 300–1200 kW range centre, financial services, Advanced IGBT rectifier High efficiency, up to 97% process / production, utility, Output PF 1.0 healthcare, government and Sophisticated display and menu national defence applications. Transformerless Intelligent battery management Parallel 8 units up to 9.6MW Performance and reliability Intelligent, advanced design User-friendly Efficiency up to 97%, reducing running Advanced parallel expansion Clear, configurable 7” touch screen to costs and environmental impact technology, enabling connection of up to quickly access functions and settings 8 units and 9.6 MW Low THDi (≤2% at full load) and high Large 10,000 point event log with data power factor (≥0.99) Self-load test function for easy onsite and graphical representation options testing and faster commissioning Advanced 3-level IGBT inverter for Fault trace management aid via 100ms cleanest sine waveform output Battery temperature compensation – waveform record before and after fault increases performance and lifespan Wide input voltage range (-40% to +25%) keeps UPS on mains longer, Three-stage battery charging to prolong reducing use / wear of generator and battery life batteries Multiple communication options Dual DSP and power board remove including Smart programmable dry single point of failure contact communication function Eco and Smart Eco modes to further Supports external input / output improve energy efficiency (in Smart Eco transformer connection mode inverter provides harmonic Common bypass cabinet compensation and power factor correction whilst bypass supplies load) Intelligent fan control – reduces noise and energy use while prolonging life Coated PCBs as standard – protects from humidity, dust and corrosion 25
Kohler EW 6000TX Transformer-based (UPS 10–600kVA)
Three-phase UPS for Kohler EW 6000TX 10–200 kVA computer rooms, data PF = 0.9 centres, precision Small footprint instruments, and industrial High efficiency 92% processes. All series touchscreen design Galvanic isolation transformer Double-button switch prevents error Transformer-based Reliable Intelligent management Easy operation The output isolation transformer Multiple communication interface 10–30 kVA models have wheels for easy provides high reliability to adapt to harsh supports UPS and load intelligent movement industrial environments and protect monitoring HMI-friendly operation critial loads Intelligent SNMP achieves local On/off double-button design 100% three-phase unbalance load monitoring and remote monitor adapts to complex applications EPO Battery temperature compensation The dual air duct design provides function extends battery service life 10,000 history records reduce fault effective cooling – protecting key analysis and maintenance time The battery self-test function and battery components and extending service life temperature compensation function Power components in module design – Dual power supply redundancy improve battery performance and more compact structure and easy for extend its life maintenance The wide input voltage range provides high adaptability to the grid and extends Intelligent fan control according to load Hot-swappable fan design achieves the battery service life capacity reduces noise and prolongs fan on-line maintenance service life The main PCB board with professional electromagnetic shielding improve reliable performance of EMC Innovative upgrade Dual DSP control technology makes the data processing faster and more precise, and improves reliability High output PF = 0.9 meets with the high requirements of applications ECO-mode (98% efficiency) reduces cost and heat emission Bus synchronisation control function provides reliable high power for the dual bus application Advanced no-master-slave parallel technology achieves online power expansion and prevents single faults 100–200 kVA 40–80 kVA 10–30 kVA 27
Kohler EW 6000TX 300–600 kVA High efficiency up to 95% Wide input voltage range Galvanic isolation High overload capacity IGBT-based rectifier technology Transformer-based Easy operation with 7-inch LCD touch screen and LED on front door Three-phase UPS SNMP and MODBUS communication for finance companies; data centres; government and national defence; telecommunications systems; transportation, energy and industrial processes. 28
Green power User-friendly Galvanic isolation High input power factor (up to 0.999) and Set modes easily via touchscreen: Complete UPS output galvanic isolation low Input THDi: 99%; front panel current puncture to UPS 50% load >94.74% Large data storage capacity, 10,000 No effects to the UPS output Load bus sync (LBS) control decrease entry event log performance or reduced impact of the transfer time and current impact of dual inverter power components whilst bus system supplying specific loads Reliable Intelligent management Options Wide input voltage range ( -40%~+25%) Intelligent SNMP and MOD BUS UPS management software assure high grid adaptability and prolong achieves local monitoring and remote IP grade upgrade and temperature battery service life. monitor sensor Dual air ducts design shows better Intelligent battery management, Lightning protection device C/D level cooling performance automatic boosting and floating charge control Charging temperature compensation Dual power and DSP redundancy design get higher reliability Intelligent fan control according the load Input/bypass isolation transformer capacity reduces the noise and prolongs Water, dust and corrosion resistant fan service life coating in all PCB boards Robust EMC performance due to electromagnetic shielding tech Intelligent fan speed control and failure detection function reduces the noise and prolongs fan service life 29
Kohler PW 6000 (60–500 kVA) Parallelable up to 5 MVA/MW
The best combination of Kohler PW 6000 energy efficiency, reliability Single unit capacities from 60 kVA/kW to 500 kVA/kW and low cost of ownership Capacity up to 5 Megawatts – capacity from 60 kVA/kW to (5 MVA/MW) with 10 units in parallel Power density of up to 363 kW/m2 5 MVA/MW. High efficiency and minimum cost of ownership Low input harmonic distortion: THDi = 3.5% Near unity input power factor of 0.99 Fully rated output power (blade friendly) Full front access maximises system serviceability Transformerless design Three-phase UPS with unity power delivers the best combination of availability, energy efficiency, overall power performance and lowest total cost of ownership in its class. Offering both intelligent energy management and maximum power protection it uses less energy, achieves significant cost reductions, saves on valuable floor space (leaving room for revenue-earning equipment) and has a reduced impact on the environment. 31
Improved input performance Flexible batteries Low input harmonic distortion (THDi) Bespoke configuration Near unity input power factor Extended battery life Reduced installation costs Front access for ease of installation and servicing Kohler PW 6000 manages the Total Input Harmonic Distortion (THDi) at a low Kohler PW 6000 allows the freedom level (3.5% at 100% load). It does this by to tailor the battery installation to the neutralising the emission of harmonics requirements of the critical load at the at the input of the UPS. Low harmonic lowest possible cost. By adding external distortion saves unnecessary oversizing battery cabinets, it enables each battery of generators, cabling and ancillary configuration to match the required equipment (such as circuit breakers), autonomy, ensuring smallest system avoids extra heating of input footprint and easy usability. transformers (thus wasting less energy) and extends the lifetime of all input Running costs are further reduced by components. ripple-free and temperature controlled chargers that protect batteries and High efficiency is further enhanced by extend lifetime performance. Front removing any requirement for additional access also aids easy installation and phase compensating devices. servicing. Product range 60–120 kVA 160–200 kVA 250–300 kVA 400–500 kVA Dimensions Dimensions Dimensions Dimensions W x D x H (mm) W x D x H (mm) W x D x H (mm) W x D x H (mm) 615 x 480 x 1954 850 x 750 x 1820 1100 x 750 x 1920 1650 x 850 x 1994 Footprint: 0.3 m2 Footprint: 0.64 m2 Footprint: 0.82 m2 Footprint: 1.4 m2 Blade friendly Space saving Connectivity Supports high powered servers such as Reduced footprint Multiple interface options blade servers Valuable floor space maximised Supports monitoring and control Supports leading power factors Kohler PW 6000’s class-leading power Kohler PW 6000 is equipped with Blade servers typically have a leading density (up to 363 kW/m2) is driven by multiple interfaces that can be used power factor and this can present the UPS’s small physical footprint of for local and remote monitoring, status problems to those UPS systems that are 0.3 m2 up to 100 kVA/kW, 0.64 m2 up to signalling, control, maintenance and not designed to manage such loads. The 200 kVA/kW, 0.82 m2 up to 300 kVA/kW, firmware upgrade. Kohler PW 6000 is designed to power all and 1.4 m2 up to 500 kVA/kW. As a types of electrical loads, including high- result, substantial and valuable space powered servers. It can provide fully savings are achieved even at the highest rated output power to power factors power ratings. from 0.9 leading to 0.9 lagging. For data centres in particular, this helps to maximise floor space for revenue- earning servers. 32
Understanding efficiency and power AC–AC efficiency (60—120) Top-of-market 96.0% efficiency in double conversion mode 100 96.0 reduces running costs without 95.7 95.8 95.0 95 compromising reliability. This UPS has a very flat efficiency 90 curve so high efficiency is reached at low load levels. 85 80 75 Linear load (cosphi = 1) 25% 50% 75% 100% load AC–AC efficiency (160—500) With a transformerless design and Energy Saving Inverter 100 96.0 Switching (ESIS) technology, the 95.5 95.5 95.0 95 Kohler PW 6000 delivers high efficiency at partial and full load 90 (up to 96.0% in double conversion online mode). This 85 level of efficiency dramatically reduces the total cost of 80 ownership of the UPS system 75 during its life cycle. Linear load (cosphi = 1) 25% 50% 75% 100% load Input current total harmonic distortion (THDi) The Kohler PW 6000 actively Low harmonic distortion saves manages the input current total unnecessary oversizing of 12 harmonic distortion (THDi) at a gensets, cabling and circuit 10 low level (3.5% at 100% load). breakers, avoids extra heating of 9.0 Kohler PW’s unique technology input transformers and extends 8 neutralises the emission of the overall service life of all 6.0 harmonics at the input of the UPS upstream components. 6 system, providing greater 4.5 reliability of operations for circuit 4 3.5 breakers and extending the 2 overall service life of the equipment. 0 25% 50% 75% 100% load Input power factor versus load Thanks to the near-to-unity input 1.0 power factor of 0.99, the Kohler 0.990 0.990 PW 6000 reduces the input 0.985 installation costs by enabling the use of smaller cables. 0.960 Furthermore, it avoids the unnecessary use of additional 0.95 phase compensating devices, which consequently keeps the overall UPS efficiency high. 0.9 25% 50% 75% 100% load 33
Kohler PW 8000DPA (10–200 kVA/kW) Parallelable up to 400 kVA/kW
Modular UPS designed Kohler PW 8000DPA for low and medium Capacities from 10 kVA/kW to 200 kVA/kW in 10 kVA/kW or 20 kVA/kW power applications. modular steps Parallelable frames up to 400 kVA/kW Available as tower (ST) or 19” rack-mountable (RI) solutions Fully rated output power (blade friendly); 20 kVA = 20 kW N+1 redundancy up to 180 kVA/kW N+1 in a single frame ‘Six nines’ (99.9999%) availability Key benefits Up to 95.5% efficiency across a wide Individual static switches per module load range Each module has its own display and Near unity input power factor at partial controller and full loads (PF = 0.99 @ 100% load) Each module has its own control logic Low input harmonic distortion (THDi
The right solution – Advanced Decentralised Parallel Easy to replace ‘hot-swap’ Kohler PW 8000DPA is available Architecture (DPA) modules in two versions Distributed control and power Replace or add modules with Kohler PW 8000DPA ST (tower) no downtime Independent hot-swap modules is available for high-density applications Cost effective scalability & ‘right sizing’ requiring a standard power protection No single points of failure solution including frame, UPS, battery Simple power upgrade and communication. This solution Decentralised Parallel Architecture (DPA) Future proof investment delivers power protection from means each UPS module contains all 10–200 kVA/kW (180 kVA/kW N+1) in the hardware and software required True ‘hot-swap’ modularity enables the 10 kVA/kW or 20 kVA/kW modular steps for full-system operation. They share no safe removal and/or insertion of UPS to provide a maximum power density of common components so a DPA parallel modules into a Kohler PW 8000DPA 472 kW/m2. Kohler PW 8000DPA system offers extremely high availability. system without risk to the critical load cabinets can be paralleled horizontally to In addition, potential single points of and without the need to either transfer increase the capacity up to 400 kVA/kW. failure are eliminated and system uptime the critical load onto raw mains or is maximised. Kohler PW 8000DPA remove power from the critical load. This The Kohler PW 8000DPA RI (19” rack- UPS modules can be paralleled to directly addresses today’s requirement mountable) solution includes UPS, provide redundancy (parallel for continuous uptime, reducing mean battery and communication, which can redundancy) or to increase the system’s time to repair (MTTR). be integrated into any 19” rack total capacity. (independent of manufacturer) and provides up to 80 kVA/kW (60 kVA/kW N+1) making it ideal for integrated IT, telecom or other applications. Kohler PW 8000DPA ST (tower) Up to 10 UPS modules Slot for optional SNMP card Customer inputs and volt-free outputs / RS232 serial interface Maintenance bypass switch Parallel interface AC input terminals AC output terminals Battery terminal rail Earth bar 36
High reliability Blade friendly Generator friendly Reliability maximised Supports blade servers Generator compatible Automatic parallel redundant operation Supports leading power factors Soft start – introduces the generator load in steps Parallel redundant (N+1) UPS systems Blade servers typically have a leading provide the highest level of reliability by power factor, which can present The Kohler PW 8000DPA offers a highly ensuring that the number of UPS problems to UPS systems, particularly if effective solution when introducing a modules in a system is a minimum of they are not designed to power such generator to the critical load. If the load one over and above the number required loads. The Kohler PW 8000DPA is exceeds 50 per cent of the generator’s (N) to fully support the critical load. designed to power all types of electrical standby rating, switching the load in a loads, including blade servers. It can single step presents a number of The Kohler PW 8000DPA is designed provide fully rated output power to dangers. To negate this, each of the to automatically operate as a parallel power factors in the range of 0.9 leading ‘hot-swap’ modules within the Kohler redundant system, ensuring that the to 0.8 lagging. PW 8000DPA’s modular frame come critical load always receives the highest equipped with ‘soft start’ capability. This level of power protection. allows the modules to be switched on sequentially, introducing the generator to the load in more manageable steps. Kohler PW 8000DPA RI (19” rack-mountable) UPS modules Internal battery storage RS232 serial interface Customer inputs and volt-free outputs Maintenance bypass switch Slot for optional SNMP card Battery fuses 37
High energy efficiency – low total Additionally, Kohler PW 8000DPA has a cost of ownership near unity input power factor at full load (and even partial loads) reducing the size Very high operating efficiency of the input cable and fuses, thereby saving on materials and costs. Reduced installation and upgrade costs Near unity input power factor and low Input current total harmonic distortion input (THDi) – reduces running costs (THDi) of less than 3% virtually eliminates harmonic distortion of the The PowerWAVE 8000DPA’s high energy mains supply. This saves unnecessary efficiency of up to 95.5% is delivered oversizing of gen-sets, cabling and across a wide load range, significantly circuit breakers; avoids extra heating of reducing system running costs and site input transformers; and extends the air conditioning costs. overall lifetime of all input components. All these benefits ensure that the Kohler PW 8000DPA offers one of the lowest ‘total cost of ownerships’ and smallest carbon footprints of any UPS system in its class. Input power factor versus load (Leading) Kohler PW 8000DPA has a near unity input 0.985 0.990 0.990 1 0.960 power factor at full load (and even partial loads) reducing the size of the input cable and fuses, 0.8 thereby saving on materials and costs. Input power factor 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 25% 50% 75% 100% Load (%) Input current total harmonic distortion (THDi) of 6.0
Kohler PW 8000DPA ST ST tower range – 10–200 kVA/kW ST 40 – 2 modules ST 60 – 3 modules ST 80 – 4 modules ST 120 – 6 modules ST 200 – 10 modules Dimensions W x D x H: Dimensions W x D x H: Dimensions W x D x H: Dimensions W x D x H: Dimensions W x D x H: 550 x 770 x 1135 mm 550 x 770 x 1975 mm 550 x 770 x 1135 mm 550 x 770 x 1975 mm 550 x 770 x 1975 mm No. of internal batteries: No. of internal batteries: External battery ONLY External battery ONLY External battery ONLY 2 x 40 x 7.2/9Ah 3 x (2x40) x 7.2/9Ah Total 80 blocks Total 240 blocks Kohler PW 8000DPA RI 19” rack-mountable range – 10–80 kVA/kW With batteries RI 11 – 1 module RI 12 – 1 module RI 22 – 2 modules RI24 – 2 modules Dimensions W x D x H: Number of batteries: 80 Dimensions W x D x H: Dimensions W x D x H: 448 x 735 x 487 mm (11 HU) 448 x 735 x 665 mm (15 HU) 448 x 735 x 798 mm (18 HU) Number of batteries: 40 Number of batteries: 80 Number of batteries: 160 Without batteries RI 10 – 1 module RI 20 – 2 modules RI 40 – 4 modules Dimensions W x D x H: Dimensions W x D x H: Dimensions W x D x H: 448 x 735 x 310 mm (7 HU) 448 x 735 x 440 mm (10 HU) 448 x 735 x 798 mm (18 HU) 39
Kohler PW 9000DPA (10–250 kVA) Parallelable up to 1.5 MVA
Designed to meet the Kohler PW 9000DPA requirements of today – Up to 250 kVA (200 kVA N+1) in a single frame and tomorrow. Parallelable up to 1.5 MVA Transformerless technology 96% true online efficiency Near unity input power factor at partial and full loads (0.99% @ 100% load) Low input harmonic distortion (THDi
In today’s ‘on demand’ world, highly reliable power protection systems are essential to the protection of critical data and to ensure 24/7 availability for business applications. Mains 1 Mains 2 Static UPS bypass Battery Static UPS bypass Battery Critical load Static UPS bypass Battery Advanced Decentralised Easy to replace Future proof installation Parallel Architecture (DPA) ‘hot-swap’ modules Distributed control and power Replace or add modules with no Investment protection downtime/no risk Independent hot-swap modules Future proof installation is assured with Simple power upgrade No single points of failure the Kohler PW 9000DPA’s scalability and ability to supply the most True ‘hot-swap’ modularity enables the Decentralised Parallel Architecture (DPA) demanding of modern loads. safe removal and/or insertion of UPS means each UPS module contains all the modules into a Kohler PW 9000DPA hardware and software required for full system without risk to the critical load system operation. They share no and without the need to either transfer common components, so a DPA parallel the critical load onto raw mains or system offers extremely high availability. remove power from the critical load. In addition, potential single points of This directly addresses today’s failure are eliminated and system uptime requirement for continuous uptime, is maximised. Kohler PW 9000DPA UPS reducing mean time to repair (MTTR). modules can be paralleled to provide redundancy (parallel redundancy) or to increase the system’s total capacity. 42
Smallest footprint Maximum availability saves space Extremely high power density Six nines availability 99.9999% Uses less valuable floor space Kohler PW 9000DPA maximises availability by combining the benefits of Class-leading power density of Decentralised Parallel Architecture, 342 kW/m2 significantly minimises the parallel redundancy and ‘hot-swap’ floor space required to accommodate modularity with low MTTR. the Kohler PW 9000DPA. This is particularly important in data centres where space must be maximised to accommodate revenue-earning equipment. Vertical scalability Horizontal scalability High reliability Low running costs Blade friendly Reliability maximised High operating efficiency, regardless Supports blade servers of loading Automatic parallel redundant operation Supports leading power factors Reduced installation and upgrading Parallel redundant (N+1) UPS systems costs Blade servers typically have a leading provide the highest level of reliability by power factor, which can present Near unity input power factor and low ensuring that the number of UPS problems to UPS systems, particularly if input THDi modules in the system is a minimum of they are not designed to power such one over and above the number required loads. The Kohler PW 9000DPA is By delivering energy efficiency, scalable (N) to fully support the critical load. The designed to power all types of electrical flexibility and ergonomic design, the Kohler PW 9000DPA is designed to loads, including blade servers. It can Kohler PW 9000DPA offers a low total automatically operate as a parallel provide fully rated output power to cost of ownership and easy redundant system, ensuring that the power factors in the range of 0.9 leading serviceability. critical load always receives the highest to 0.8 lagging. possible level of power protection. 43
Capacity Right sizing 120% Cost-effective scalability 100% Ability to ‘right size’ the system over Room capacity time Expected load 80% Simple installation of new modules Installed capacity 60% Minimal waste UPS modules can be added in cost- due to load effective incremental steps as the critical matching 40% load power requirement grows. This ‘right sizing’ reduces initial cost, 20% Actual load optimises operating efficiency and helps reduce total cost of ownership. 0% 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Up to five UPS modules can be Years paralleled in a single rack-format cabinet to enable up to 200 kW (342 kW/m2) of power capacity per cabinet, providing ‘vertical scalability’. If more capacity is required, cabinets can be paralleled providing ‘horizontal scalability’. 44
AC- AC Efficiency The Kohler PW 9000DPA’s 96% 100% true online efficiency, significantly reduces system running costs and 96% site air-conditioning costs. This helps reduce the organisation’s Efficiency % 90% carbon footprint. 85% 80% 75% 0 25% 50% 75% 100% Load Input power factor Near unity input power factor, at 1.00 partial and full load, reduces the required size of the input cable and fuses, thereby reducing the Input power factor materials (and costs) associated 0.80 with the system’s electrical installation. 0.60 0 25% 50% 75% 100% Load THDi Input current total harmonic 6 distortion (THDi) of
46 Kohler PW 9250DPA (50–300 or 250 N+1 kVA/kW)
True modular UPS for medium power applications in critical, high-density computing environments such as small to medium-sized data centres, plus industrial automation The 9250DPA’s highly efficient modular processes and architecture offers the best healthcare facilities. reliability for environmentally conscious organisations that also need zero downtime and low cost of ownership. The UPS sets the standard for the next generation of UPS progress with advanced features such as its transformer-free IGBT converters that include three-level topology and interleaving controls to enable market- leading efficiency of 97.6 per cent. It also supports Xtra VFI, which further minimises power consumption by intelligently configuring the number of modules required to support the current critical load. When Xtra VI is enabled, the number of active modules required will adjust accordingly, with modules not needed switching to a standby state of readiness but primed to become active again if the load increases. 47
Kohler PW 9250DPA 98.0 Five frames can be connected in parallel for 1.5 MW total system power. 97.5 Frame-rated power 300kW or 250KW N+1 (hosting up to six modules). 97.0 Module-rated power 50 kW. 97% efficiency reached through wide operating range, typical for majority of applictions Unity power factor. 96.5 Efficient – up to 97.4% at system level. 96.0 Scaling the UPS capacity to match the Xtra VFI function Xtra VFI mode load power is simple. increases efficiency Double conversion Efficiency (%) when load is low mode 95.5 Xtra VFI mode: the smart way to enhance efficiency at low load levels. 95.0 Energy storage: lithium-ion, VRLA, NiCD battery; common battery (per frame) or 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 dedicated battery for each UPS module. Load (% of rated power) Adding redundancy to increase availability and reliability is easy. Rated voltage 380/ 400/ 415 Vac. Robust ring-bus communication for increased reliability. Designed for even easier access to consumable parts in order to further improve availability and reduce mean time to repair (MTTR). Vertical scalability to 300 kW or 250 kW (N+1) Horizontal scalability up to 1.5 MW (up to 30 modules) 48
50–250 kW [N+1] uninterrupted power in a single frame The use of DPA™ (Decentralised Parallel Wiring options secure compliancy Architecture) ensures each module has for any site installation need all the hardware and software needed for autonomous operation: rectifier, inverter, Supports top or bottom cable entry. battery converter, static bypass switch, Supports single or dual input feed. back-feed protection, control logic, display and mimic diagram for Separate (per module) or common monitoring and control. If one module is battery. lost, the others take up the load, meaning that the system is fault tolerant Integrated switchgears complete and there are no single points of failure. Uptime is guaranteed, and availability is the system maximised. Output isolation switch to disconnect the UPS from downstream. Scalability and redundancy inside one single frame Optional maintenance bypass switch for enhanced serviceability. Ability to host up to six 50 kW UPS modules with N+1 redundancy for up to Easy to monitor and manage 250 kW N+1 clean, secured power in single UPS cabinet with small footprint. Intuitive, graphical system user interface. Features DPA™ where each Each module features dedicated display UPS module is a comprehensive and for module specific data access. independent functional unit for true redundancy. Advanced software and connectivity options. From 50 kW up to 1.5 MW secured power Featuring superior 97.6 per cent UPS High efficiency and module efficiency and 97.4 per cent proven technology system efficiency, the 9250DPA reduces energy losses that create pure costs as Minimises TCO by facilitating top-of- direct electricity spend and costs for market efficiency of over 97%, cooling. Thanks to three-level leveraging 3-level converter technology interleaved technology, the 9250DPA and featuring efficiency optimising Xtra achieves an efficiency of over 97 per VFI – double-conversion mode. cent in a wide-operating range, when the Secures highest availability thanks to load is between 25 and 75 per cent of inherently redundant modular concept, nominal capacity. with decentralised parallel architecture (DPATM) and robust ring-bus True modular UPS for medium communication between modules. power applications Compact design saves floor space – 50 kW module-based UPS solution to 0.73m2 footprint. medium-power commercial applications. 300 kW UPS frame can host up to six modules for N+1 redundancy. Scaling of power easily and securely from 50 kW to 1.5 MW. 49
Features DC (battery) breakers Up to 6 x 50 kW UPS module DC breakers for energy storage Integrated UPS module with all connection on each module UPS essential functions: separately. rectifier, inverter, static bypass, control logic and display. Maintenance bypass (optional) Integrated MBS is available as Output isolation switch an option for enhanced service Included in the standard ability with single frame configuration to allow installations. disconnection of complete UPS cabinet from load supply. I/O section and DC wiring Connectivity section Wiring area has good space for Two slots for connectivity service. Single and dual input cards, e.g. SNMP web card feed supported as well as and relay board. USB and common or separate battery. RS-232 communication ports. Top or bottom cable entry Building alarm inputs/relay supported. outputs. Connection point for parallel system communication cable. User interface System graphical display DPA module display Touch screen interface – one per system. 240 x 128 pixel graphical display. Interactive mimic diagram. Five-line menu. Coloured and graphical display. Capacitive buttons/key. Integrated buzzer for alarms. Status LED RG/RGB. 18-languages selection. Allows for easy module level data access and module management. Extended events log (1,000 events). Clear system overview, measurements and system status. Navigation into module level, module level measurements and status. System level commands. 50
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Kohler PW 9500DPA (100–500 kVA/kW) Parallelable up to 3 MVA/MW
500 kVA/kW Kohler PW 9500DPA Dimensions and clearances modular UPS, Up to 96% true online efficiency Dimensions designed with high Eco-mode efficiency ≥ 99% Width 1580 mm efficiency and Cost effective scalability to ‘right size’ Depth 940 mm system Height 1975 mm maximum flexibility Unity power factor and low input THDi 1.49 m2 footprint Up to 500 kVA/kW (400 kVA/kW N+1) in at its core. a single frame Weight (with 5 modules) 975 kg Scalable to 3 MVA/MW Minimal clearances Transformerless technology Front 1000mm Hot swappable 100 kVA/kW modules Back 300mm (air outlet) Low total cost of ownership Total vertical and horizontal 99.9999% (six nines) availability scalability using hot swap Small footprint/high power density modularity. Unity power factor (kW = kVA) Low input harmonic distortion Key benefits (THDi
Hot swappable modules Replace or add modules with no downtime Simple power upgrade Future proof investment True ‘hot-swap’ modularity enables the safe removal and/or insertion of UPS Hot swappable modules into a Kohler PW 9500DPA module system without risk to the critical load and without the need to either transfer the critical load onto raw mains or remove power from the critical load. Modules can be replaced or added without any system downtime. Simple power upgrades are therefore possible as the critical load power requirements grow. Additionally, modules can easily be removed for service or replaced if faulty without compromising the Graphical touchscreen availability of the system. system display Kohler PW 9500DPA UPS 500 kVA/kW 500 kVA/kW Vertical scalability 54
Six nines availability Advanced Decentralised Parallel Graphical touchscreen display Architecture (DPA) 99.9999% availability Distributed control and power System level display Independent hot-swap modules Individual module displays By combining the benefits of Decentralised Parallel Architecture, No single points of failure The 7” colour touchscreen display parallel redundancy and hot swap provides a clear overview of the UPS at a modularity, Kohler PW 9500DPA has a Decentralised Parallel Architecture (DPA) system level. Graphical and intuitive, the high mean time between failure (MTBF) means each UPS module contains all the display provides easy navigation to drill and a much reduced mean time to repair hardware and software required for full down on the performance and status of (MTTR). This delivers six nines system operation. They share no the individual modules within the availability – a highly desirable quality common components so a DPA parallel system. Additionally, each module has required by data centres in pursuit of system offers extremely high availability. its own display. zero downtime. In addition, potential single points of failure are eliminated and system uptime is maximised. UPS modules can be paralleled to provide redundancy (parallel redundancy) or to increase the system’s total capacity. Top cable entry Smart connection interface Optional inbuilt maintenance bypass switch Individual module isolator Inbuilt backfeed protection Bottom cable entry 55
Scalable up to 3 MVA/MW Input and output characteristics Vertical and horizontal scalability Power vs power factor Cost effective ‘right sizing’ 100 No derating in the range Kohler PW 9500DPA can be scaled 0.9 leading to 0.6 lagging 75 vertically in 100 kVA/kW modular steps to provide up to 500 kVA/kW of power in a single frame. This enables power to be 50 added as requirements grow, without the impact on footprint. Horizontal 25 scalability is also possible, with up to six frames in parallel, to increase total kVA kW power up to 3 MVA/MW. This two- 0 dimensional scalability means that there -0.8 -0.9 1.0 0.90 0.80 0.70 0.60 cosphi is no need to overspecify the original configuration, as modules and/or frames can be added to optimise the power Input power factor requirements and increase/decrease 1.00 power to meet future requirements. Near unity input power factor, at partial and full load, reduces Input power factor 0.80 the required size of the input cable and fuses, thereby reducing the materials (and costs) associated 0.60 with the system’s electrical installation. 0 25% 50% 75% 100% Load Scalable up to 3 MVA/MW Vertical scalability: one to five modules in one single cabinet Horizontal scalability: six cabinets in parallel configuration up to 3 MVA/MW 56
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Kohler MF1500 DPA (250–1500 kVA/kW) Scalable to 6000 kVA/kW
Exceptionally resilient, flexible Kohler MF1500 DPA and scalable high power Online double conversion UPS modular UPS offering 250 kW to 1500 kW - best-in-market VFI mode parallelable to 6000 kW Slide-in vertical modules energy efficiency. Redefines Cable free internal connections Extra-long life wear parts lifetime cost for data centres Market leading 97.4% efficiency and other high density applications without compromising reliability. Innovation with purpose. Designed with a clear goal to define that reliability does not require excess, and high power can exist alongside efficient use of energy, the MF1500 DPA modular UPS system combines proven DPATM technology with the latest advances in components and software. Innovative, vertical slide-in modules enable resilient, high power density protection by reducing UPS footprint up to 45% over traditional approaches, without compromising access for installation and maintenance. That protection is achieved with best-in- market 97.4% VFI energy efficiency, reducing environmental impact, optimising PUE measures and delivering significant financial savings in energy and cooling costs. 59
DPATM – Resilient. Reliable. Effective efficiency. Flexible. Advanced components enable the Decentralised Parallel Architecture MF1500 DPA to deliver the best energy (DPATM) products contain all the essential efficiency in its class, up to 97.4% at components of a UPS within each system level in VFI mode (i.e. Voltage module, including the static switch, and Frequency Independent, the allowing independent operation most commonly used and most protective mode) DPATM modules can be hot-swapped without affecting the rest of the system, Plus, design focus to ensure efficiency easing maintenance, reducing system can be effectively used, means 97.4% repair times to minutes and dramatically efficiency is not solely delivered in a increasing availability narrow sweet spot but across a wide, practical load band With 1000 kW and 1500 kW frame size options and 250 kW modules, Effective use of energy efficiency is systems can be sized for an initial load enhanced further by Xtra VFI mode and scaled up or down depending on functionality. Often when load falls future requirements below 25%, UPS efficiency rapidly deteriorates. By automatically For flexibility and additional resilience, adjusting the number of active modules each DPATM module can be fed from an according to load and redundancy independent or common battery system requirements, and reverting unneeded modules to standby, Xtra VFI avoids this. Intelligent switching rotates active modules, equalising aging and extending service life DPA modules – each contains all components of a UPS A 1.5MW MF1500 DPA system with six 250 kW modules flanking the central connections cabinet 60
In a 1.5 MW installation, over 10 years the 0.7% extra efficiency of the MF1500 DPA vs a competitor at 96.7% can save over US$240k in electrical and cooling costs. Engineered. Inspired. Informed. Designed for ease of use from the first An advanced visual interface and display Additional control and monitoring moment of installation, module cabinets allows an operator to observe features include: are easily transported to the UPS and performance, events and alarms • I/O dry ports slide into place on integrated wheels onscreen, including battery voltage, UPS • Remote shutdown To make them easy, safe and error free, output and critical component status • Castell interlock function wired connections are entirely Comprehensive control and monitoring • Battery temperature input eliminated by use of slide-in modules keeps operators and service teams plus compatibility with Kohler’s battery and innovative, pre-engineered power fully informed. Information can be management and monitoring systems and distribution frames accessed remotely via SNMP, Modbus TCP/IP or Modbus RS-485 and Advanced design maximises life of integrated with associated systems consumables, eg fans and capacitors, e.g. BMS, DCIM or EPMS with replacement only once in a 15-year period Recognising pressure on space, intelligent physical design delivers a power density of up to 493 kW/m2, 98.0 some 45% better than traditional Double conversion measured efficiency (%) approaches, without compromising 97.5 access 97.0 97% efficiency reached through wide operating range, typical for majority of applictions 96.5 Xtra VFI mode Double conversion mode 96.0 Xtra VFI function increases efficiency when load is low 95.5 95.0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Load (% of rated power) 61
Modes
Eco-mode supplies having sufficient capacitance to ‘ride through’ the switch between mains and inverter, and vice versa, and In Eco-mode, power is fed directly from prevent the UPS supplying a transient the utility mains to the load during inrush current to restore lost energy normal operation, so removing the after an outage. Otherwise, line rectifier and inverter inefficiencies. If a impedance between the UPS and mains problem is detected, the critical power supplies may cause this current load is switched to the UPS’s inverter to create a significant power supply output. input voltage drop. While Eco-mode’s efficiency can reach For these reasons, users should 99% or more, it exposes the load to any consider the benefits of increased incoming mains problems throughout operating efficiency vs the extra most of its operational life. Additionally, requirements and risk associated with it relies on the load’s IT equipment power operating in Eco-mode. Xtra VFI: maximum Key benefits With Xtra VFI mode enabled, the Kohler efficiency – even Xtra VFI scales the UPS module active capacity according to the load to PW 9500DPA automatically adjusts the number of active modules according to maximise efficiency when underloaded. The system calculates the optimal % the load requirements. Modules that are not needed are switched to standby but remain in state of readiness, primed to value for maximum efficiency, taking into kick in and transfer to active mode if the account desired redundancy load increases or the mains fails. The When a UPS is operating The redundancy level for active capacity efficiency improvements achieved by significantly under capacity, and the highest expected load step can this mode of operation are especially its energy efficiency can be be configured by the user to guarantee highest protection level significant when the load is less than 25% of full UPS system capacity. negatively impacted. With In case of mains failure or alarm, Xtra VFI Kohler PW 9500DPA, gets deactivated automatically all In addition, Xtra VFI has the added benefit of rotating modules between featuring Xtra VFI, this modules switch to ‘Active’ status active and standby, therefore extending problem is solved. Module rotation between active and the service life of the UPS. standby extends the service life and stabilises aging 98% 96.1% 96.0% Xtra VFI 96% 95.6% 95.8% 94% Maximum load 800 kW 92% Redundancy N+2 Increased UPS efficiency – more energy savings Efficiency 90% 2 x 500 kW frames (10 x 100 kW) 88% Load power 200 kW 86% No. of active modules 4 Xtra VFI VFI double-conversion 84% operating range default operating mode – Active capacity 400 kW where efficiency up to 96.1% efficiency 82% is enhanced Standby capacity 600 kW 80% 0% % % % % % % % % % 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 10 Load 63
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