Prioritising People: Heart Foundation Pre-Budget Submission 2021-22 - Tasmanian Government Pre-Budget Submission 2021-22
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Tasmanian Government Pre-Budget Submission
2021-22
Prioritising People:
Heart Foundation Pre-Budget Submission 2021-22
BUDGET SUBMISSION FOR THE TASMANIAN BUDGET 2021-22
FROM THE NATIONAL HEART FOUNDATION OF AUSTRALIA
Contents
Message from the CEO 3
Summary of Actions 4
Action Area 1:
Reduce CVD risk and increase healthy lifestyle decisions, especially for vulnerable communities 5
Action 1: Quit smoking media campaign 6
Action 2: Help more Tasmanians to walk more often 6
Action 3: Support and promote Heart Foundation’s Heart Health Check Toolkit 7
Action Area 2:
Better support for people living with CVD 8
Action 4: Support CVD patients through the Heart Foundation’s My Heart, My Life project 8
Action 5a: Partner with the Heart Foundation to increase awareness of cardiac rehabilitation 9
Action 5b: Pilot remotely-delivered cardiac rehabilitation options 9
References 11
NATI O NAL HE ART FO U N DATI O N O F AU STR ALIA
2 PRIORITISING PEOPLE: HEART FOUNDATION PRE-BUDGET SUBMISSION 2021-22
The current number of heart disease risk
factors in the Tasmanian population is
among the highest in the country.
Kellie-Ann Jolly, Chief Executive Officer, Tasmania
National Heart Foundation of Australia
Prioritising people:
Heart Foundation Pre-Budget Submission 2021-22
COVID-19 has had wide-reaching health, economic and social impacts in Tasmania and nationwide. It tested
healthcare delivery, with system-wide challenges such as the vaccine rollout still remaining.
Yet we are now slowly embarking on recovery.
We commend the Tasmanian Government on its management of the pandemic and urge it to take opportunities to
future-proof healthcare delivery in our State as the recovery progresses.
Importantly, now is the time to re-prioritise heart health.
Number one cause of death
Heart disease is the single leading cause of death in Tasmania. Every year, approximately 804 Tasmanians die1 and
around 8,284 are hospitalised.2
Worryingly, Tasmania faces a cardiovascular disease* (CVD) risk ‘perfect storm’ that may lead to more CVD deaths and
patients requiring treatment in future:
1. The current rate of heart disease risk factors in the Tasmanian population is among the highest in the country.
Tasmania tops the chart in obesity, has the second-highest smoking rate, and ranks third poorest when it comes to
physical inactivity and high blood pressure.3
2. Pre-COVID, over one in three patients were skipping vital heart checks such as blood pressure and cholesterol
assessments.
3. COVID-19 led to CVD management being deprioritised during the pandemic4:
Heart Foundation market research shows up to one in three people with, or at risk of, heart disease skipped or
delayed visiting a GP 5
There were delays in seeking emergency care for heart attacks and strokes 6
Less elective surgery was performed.
4. Life during COVID-19 also led to increased sedentary lifestyles, a critical CVD risk factor.7,8
NATI O NAL HE ART FO U N DATI O N O F AU STR ALIA
Nonetheless, our pandemic recovery is an opportunity to build back better. We can mitigate CVD risk, improve our
health system and ensure we are future-ready.
This submission outlines practical, cost-effective actions to save lives and money. They are evidence-based and
designed to help realise current and planned policy initiatives.
We would welcome opportunities to partner with Government on these and other initiatives to continue to save lives
by fighting heart disease – Tasmania’s single biggest killer.
Yours sincerely
* Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is an umbrella term that includes heart, stroke and
Kellie-Ann Jolly blood vessel diseases, and is one of Australia’s largest health problems. It accounts
Chief Executive Officer, Tasmania for one in four of all deaths, claiming the life of one person every 12 minutes.
PRIORITISING PEOPLE: HEART FOUNDATION PRE-BUDGET SUBMISSION 2021-22 3
SUMMARY OF ACTIONS
Action Area Action
Action Area 1: • Action 1: Protect vulnerable populations and those who have
Reduce CVD risk and increase survived a heart attack through a targeted ‘quit smoking’
healthy lifestyle decisions, especially media campaign in specific locations to be determined by the
for vulnerable communities Tasmanian government [$1 million over three years]
• Action 2: Help more Tasmanians walk more often through a
formalised strategy that encourages walking [no cost] and by
expanding the Heart Foundation Walking program [$400K over
three years]
• Action 3: Reduce cardiac events and deaths due to heart
attacks and strokes by providing $250K over three years
in regional locations to support and promote the Heart
Foundation’s Heart Health Check Toolkit in GP practices
Action Area 2: • Action 4: Support CVD patients through implementation of
Better support people living with CVD the Heart Foundation’s My Heart, My Life project in Tasmanian
hospitals [$85K]
• Action 5: Reduce hospital admissions and save lives by:
a) Partnering with the Heart Foundation to increase awareness
of cardiac rehabilitation and its benefits amongst
cardiologists [$100K]
b) Pilot remotely-delivered cardiac rehabilitation options for rural
and regional Tasmanians and implement interim PESRAC
recommendations 54 & 55 [$500K]
NATI O NAL HE ART FO U N DATI O N O F AU STR ALIA
4 PRIORITISING PEOPLE: HEART FOUNDATION PRE-BUDGET SUBMISSION 2021-22
Action Area 1:
Reduce CVD risk and increase
healthy lifestyle decisions,
especially for vulnerable
communities
The opportunity
Sadly, your postcode and socio-economic status matters
for your heart.
Tasmanians, Australians who left school early, South
Australians and those living in regional and remote areas
are more than twice as likely as other Australians to have
a high risk of heart attack or stroke in the next five years.
Alarmingly:
THE FACTS ABOUT
The proportion of Tasmanians aged 45 to 74 at high risk CARDIOVASCULAR
is 20% higher than the national average
Australians aged 45 to 74 who did not finish high school DISEASE
are 65% more likely to be at high risk than those who
finished school.
A higher proportion of people living in outer regional
and remote areas are at high risk – 15% more
compared to Australians living in major capital cities.^
LARGELY
Tasmanians have the highest rates of heart disease and
PREVENTABLE
mortality in Australia. A higher percentage of Tasmanians
are at risk of future cardiac events.
Nonetheless, CVD is largely preventable, with modifiable
CVD risk factors (e.g. smoking, physical inactivity and
others) accounting for up to 90% of the risk of heart
attacks.9 AFFECTS
4 MILLION
^ https://www.heartfoundation.org.au/media-releases/data-reveals- AUSTRALIANS
most-at-risk-of-heart-attack-stroke
DISPROPORTIONATELY
NATI O NAL H E ART F O U NDATI O N O F AU ST RA L I A
AFFECTS INDIGENOUS AND
LOW-SOCIOECONOMIC
COMMUNITIES
1 AUSTRALIAN DIES
EVERY
The proportion of Tasmanians aged
12 MINUTES
45 to 74 at high risk is 20% higher
than the national average
CONTINUING THE FIGHT FOR QUEENSLAND HEARTS
PRIORITISING
- HEART FOUNDATION
PEOPLE: HEART
SUBMISSION
FOUNDATION
TO THE
PRE-BUDGET
QUEENSLAND
SUBMISSION
BUDGET 2021-22 5
Action 1: Action 2:
Protect vulnerable populations and those who have Help more Tasmanians walk more often through a
survived a heart attack through a targeted ‘quit formalised strategy that encourages walking [no
smoking’ media campaign in specific locations to be cost] and by expanding the Heart Foundation Walking
determined by the Tasmanian government [$1 million program [$400K over three years]
over three years] Physical inactivity is a key risk factor for CVD but only
We applaud the work of successive Tasmanian 16% of Tasmanians meet Australia’s Physical Activity
governments to reduce daily smoking rates of Tasmanian Guidelines.17
adults from 21.4% in 2001 to 13.5% in 2019.10 Walking is free and generally accessible. Walking for an
The recently announced intent to develop a youth average of 30 minutes a day can lower the risk of heart
tobacco prevention package is also welcome. disease, stroke, and diabetes by 30% to 40%.
However, over 70,000 Tasmanians still smoke11 and To help more Tasmanians walk more often, we
tobacco is still the single largest cause of preventable recommend Government updates and implements a
death and disease in Australia. Over one third of CVD revised Walking and Cycling for Active Transport strategy.
deaths aged < 65 can be attributed to smoking.12 An updated strategy is needed given the original version
Concerningly: was published in January 2010 18 and the apparent
Over 50% of heart attack survivors who smoked prior to stalling of a National Physical Activity Strategy following
their heart attack continue to smoke the disbanding of COAG in 2020.
10% of 16 to 17-year children are current smokers 14 The revised strategy could form part of the Healthy
Tasmania Five Year Strategic Plan to be released this year.
Around 30% of all cases of heart disease in those We would welcome the opportunity to continue working
under 65 years are due to smoking 15 with Government on the detail of the revised strategy.
Rates remain high in some vulnerable populations Government support of $400K over three years would
Mass media campaigns are highly effective components help the Heart Foundation:
of tobacco-control programs (second only to price Expand our successful Heart Foundation Walking
increases).16 They work to motivate smokers to quit, program
encourage former smokers to continue to abstain,
discourage uptake of smoking, and shape social norms Deliver supportive public education campaigns to
around smoking. improve the Tasmanian public’s understanding of
the benefits of walking, increasing awareness of the
Possible locations where the media campaign could programs on offer as well as provide motivation to
feature in major papers include Burnie, Devonport, walk for leisure, recreation and transport.
Launceston and Hobart. Social media should be used
widely. The Heart Foundation has 1500 walkers participating
across 118 walking groups in Tasmania. Over 90% over
The Heart Foundation recommends the Tasmanian walkers feel the program is important to their physical,
Government: social and mental health.
Funds an evidence-based tobacco control mass Funding would support the growth of walking groups
media “Quit” campaign and participants with a particular focus on low socio-
Focuses the campaign on supporting vulnerable economic regions and priority target audiences for CVD.
populations to quit smoking and those who have
survived a heart attack
NATI O NAL HE ART FO U N DATI O N O F AU STR ALIA
Connects the campaign with the youth tobacco
prevention package (announced March 2021)
Consider the campaign in 2021 and early 2022 in
select locations
Mass media campaigns are highly
effective components of tobacco-
control programs
6 PRIORITISING PEOPLE: HEART FOUNDATION PRE-BUDGET SUBMISSION 2021-22
Action 3:
Reduce cardiac events and deaths due to heart
attack and strokes by providing $250K over three
years in regional locations to support and promote the
Heart Foundation’s Heart Health Check Toolkit in GP
practices.
Integration and promotion of CVD absolute risk
assessments (‘Heart Health Checks’) is critical to saving
lives and reducing hospitalisations.
An absolute risk assessment approach has the potential
to prevent twice as many deaths from coronary heart
disease when compared with treating individual risk
factors, such as blood pressure or cholesterol.19
The 20-minute Heart Health Checks are now supported by
Medicare and involve GPs (with the support of practice
nurses):
gathering information about the risk factors for
cardiovascular and chronic disease, such as blood
pressure, cholesterol, blood glucose, smoking status
and lifestyle factors
implementing a formal, ongoing preventative
management plan over subsequent visits or through
referral pathways.
We recommend Government supports the increased
uptake of Heart Health Checks by promoting the
Heart Foundation’s new online Toolkit for Australian GP
practices. The funding would be used to:
Develop an educational campaign using webinars to
promote the use of the CVD toolkit in Tasmania
Target the areas that have poor CVD outcomes (a
National Program would cover the rest of Tasmania).
The Toolkit will assist the integration of Heart Health Checks
into routine patient care and result in more patients at risk
of CVD being identified and treated. It was developed by
experts from across the sector.
Possible locations of where the Heart Health Check could
be promoted as a first stage include: Ulverstone; George
Town; New Norfolk; Devonport; Burnie; Smithton; Wynyard;
and suburbs of Hobart and Launceston.
NATI O NAL HE ART FO U N DATI O N O F AU STR ALIA
The Toolkit will assist the
integration of Heart Health
Checks into routine patient care
and result in more patients at
risk of CVD being identified and
treated. It was developed by
experts from across the sector.
PRIORITISING PEOPLE: HEART FOUNDATION PRE-BUDGET SUBMISSION 2021-22 7
Action Area 2: Action 4:
Better support people living with Support CVD patients through implementation of
the Heart Foundation’s My Heart, My Life project in
cardiovascular disease (CVD) Tasmanian hospitals [$85K]
The opportunity A heart attack is a major life event with significant physical
and mental repercussions for patients and their families.
On average, one person is admitted to hospital every
nine minutes with a heart attack.20 Feeling down after a heart attack is so common there’s a
name for it: ‘the cardiac blues’. Rates of major depressive
Without ongoing recovery support and management,
disorder of around 15% have been reported in people
heart attack survivors are at greater risk of having a
after a heart attack or coronary artery bypass grafts.21
second attack and/or dying , particularly within the first
12 months.. My Heart, My Life (MHML) is an evidence-based Heart
Foundation program to help people who have been
It is a confronting, life-changing experience that can
hospitalised with a heart attack or angina, and their
seriously affect a person’s quality of life.
family/carers, with a free six-month patient support
Survivors often underestimate the support they need journey.
and have confirmed their greatest concerns are fear of
A comprehensive and successful pilot in partnership with
having another attack, fear of dying, not being able to
38 hospitals has resulted in a recently finalised ready-to-
return to ‘normal’ family life, and work and/or financial
go program. The program has been developed together
issues.
with patients, their family/carers and health professionals.
We need to improve the support for people living with
The program also includes structured support from the
CVD by ensuring that they have access to the information
Heart Foundation Helpline team.
and support to manage their condition and improve their
quality of life. Tasmanian trial sites included Launceston General
Hospital, Mersey Community Hospital, Royal Hobart
The Heart Foundation has tools, support programs and a
Hospital, Calvary Lenah Valley Hospital, Northwest
dedicated Helpline to help patients manage their heart
Regional Hospital, and Calvary St Vincent’s Hospital.
health and recover from their heart attack.
A Government investment of $85K (cost of support
journey is $22pp) will allow us to quickly deliver support
offerings and journeys for priority populations.
This funding would support:
Engagement and enrolment of all cardiology
interventional hospitals as well as rural/regional
coronary care units in the MHML program
Refining and updating current MHML resources and
support services
This will include marketing, resource costs, printing/
resourcing/distribution, and evaluation. FTE would be
covered by the Heart Foundation.
Through this partnership, we can help vulnerable
Tasmanians recover from the physical and mental scars
NATI O NAL HE ART FO U N DATI O N O F AU STR ALIA
of a heart attack and prevent future hospital visits.
The Heart Foundation has tools,
support programs and a dedicated
Helpline to help patients manage
their heart health and recover from
their heart attack.
8 PRIORITISING PEOPLE: HEART FOUNDATION PRE-BUDGET SUBMISSION 2021-22Action 5: 5a) Partner with the Heart Foundation to increase
awareness of cardiac rehabilitation and its benefits
Reduce hospital admissions and save lives by:
[$100K]
a) Partnering with the Heart Foundation increase Cardiac rehabilitation is an effective intervention24 but is
awareness of cardiac rehabilitation and its benefits underutilised, primarily because only 30% of patients are
amongst cardiologists [$100K] referred to cardiac rehabilitation.25
b) Pilot remotely-delivered cardiac rehabilitation Increasing referral rates in Tasmania from 30% to 65%
options for rural and regional Tasmanians [$500K] would result in net Tasmanian financial savings of $8.1
Cardiac rehabilitation* aids recovery from cardiac events million, and net social / economic benefits of $13.4
million.26
and/or surgery, and minimises the risk of subsequent
cardiac events. It is proven to keep patients out of hospital It would also lead to a 34% reduction in hospital
and reduce deaths.22 readmissions and a 26% mortality reduction.27
Despite this, only 30% of patients are referred to cardiac We recommend Government partners with the Heart
Foundation to launch an education programme for
rehabilitation.23
primary and acute care professionals to increase
Healthcare professionals play a critical role in patient awareness and promote uptake.
participation in cardiac rehabilitation by referring patients The Heart Foundation has an extensive cardiologist
to local services. network and in-house expertise. The funding would cover
As more than one-third of hospital admissions for heart program marketing. We will continue to work with other
attack are repeat events, it is critical that action is taken organisations to maximise its impact.
to reduce costly readmissions and the burden of heart 5b) Pilot remotely-delivered cardiac rehabilitation for
attacks. rural and regional Tasmanians [$500K]
Regular monitoring and reporting of the quality and The COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the uptake of
delivery of cardiac rehabilitation by services across telehealth and digital technologies.
Tasmanians would help drive service improvement.
Telehealth and home-based interventions with a range
of delivery modes can be offered to patients who cannot
attend cardiac rehabilitation, or as an adjunct to cardiac
rehabilitation for effective secondary prevention.28
Telehealth should complement face-to-face care, not
* Cardiac Rehabilitation is an education program offered to patients replace it – but more service delivery models on offer
diagnosed with heart disease, which includes components of health
education, advice on cardiovascular risk reduction and physical may help more Tasmanians to benefit from cardiac
activity. rehabilitation, including video-based consultations.
NATI O NAL HE ART FO U N DATI O N O F AU STR ALIA
PRIORITISING PEOPLE: HEART FOUNDATION PRE-BUDGET SUBMISSION 2021-22 9Our Australian Heart Maps online data shows social Cardiac rehabilitation is a recognised
and economic disadvantage matter for your heart,
with poorer heart health outcomes in regional and rural
model of care that delivers a series
Tasmania compared to suburban areas. of evidence based interventions
For example, the electorates of Braddon and Lyons
designed to modify risk factors for
(federal) have a heart disease mortality of 84% and cardiovascular disease through health
83% (per 100,000 persons) respectively compared to the behaviour change and secondary
national average of 66%, so would be an area of obvious prevention. All patients with a step
need to pilot remotely-delivered cardiac rehabilitation.
change in their cardiac status should
We recommend that Government pilots remotely-
be offered menu based cardiac
delivered cardiac rehabilitation options for rural and
regional Tasmanians. Improving referrals would be a key rehabilitation tailored to individual
focus. need. Patients with chronic stable
The pilot would also enable development of a data disease should be sign posted to
collection strategy that identifies regional and rural community-based opportunities that
needs and drives future improvements. support health behaviour change.29
To maximise reach of future remotely-delivered Dr Paul MacIntyre, Director of Cardiology, Royal Hobart
cardiac rehabilitation services, Government should Hospital
implement PESRAC interim report recommendations
54 & 55 (address critical regional mobile and internet
black spots, and making devices and other resources
available to disadvantaged Tasmanians).
Local Heart Health Profile
Current smoking by local government area Municipality of Circular Head
Circular Head Australia
# % %
32 Population Snapshot
People who left school
at Year 9 or below 1,427 18 11.3 The Municipality of Circular Head in Tasmania has an estimated
population of 8,066 and according to the ABS Index of Relative
30 Aboriginal and Torres Socioeconomic Disadvantage (IRSD), is in Quintile 2 for its level of relative
Strait Islander 1,524 18 3.3 disadvantage (where Quintile 1 is the most disadvantaged). Disadvantage,
Peoples
Indigenous status and low educational attainment are all associated with a
28 higher risk of heart disease, along with the known risks of smoking, obesity,
People aged over a lack of physical exercise, high blood pressure and high cholesterol.
65 years 1,352 16 15.7
26 The proportion of people aged 65 and over living in Circular Head is 17%
Private dwellings compared to the national average of 16%. The proportion of Aboriginal and
without internet 680 23 14.1 Torres Strait Islander peoples living in Circular Head is 19% compared to the
access
ASR per 100 persons
24 national average of 3% and the proportion of people who left school before
People who speak year 10 is 18% compared to the national average of 11%.
english 25 0 3.1
not well or not at all
22
Heart related hospital admissions - ASR (2012-2016) Coronary heart disease mortality - ASR (2012-2016)
20
National 43.5 National 65.5
Tasmania 39.0 Tasmania 75.3
18
Circular Head (M) 41.5 Circular Head (M) 119.6
16 The rate of heart-related hospital admissions in Circular Head (41 per
National Circular Head has a heart disease mortality rate of (119 per 100,000
10,000 persons) is not significantly different from the national average persons) compared to the national average (66 per 100,000 persons).
(43 per 10,000 persons). This is amongst one of the highest CHD mortality rates in the country
14
Heart disease risk factors Prevalence of risk factors (%)
12
Current Smoking National
Circular Head has a prevalence of high blood pressure (24%) which is not
© 2021 Mapbox © OpenStreetMap significantly different from the national average (22%). Circular Head has a High Blood Pressure LGA
rate of physical inactivity (75%), which is significantly higher than the national
Obesity
ASR per 100 persons average (66%). The prevalence of smoking in Circular Head is 24%, a rate
significantly higher than the national average (15%). The prevalence of Physical Inactivity
obesity (41%) in Circular Head is significantly higher than the national average
(31%). 0 20 40 60
Prevalence (per 100 persons)
Not available (21.1)
Local Heart Health Profile Electorate Heart Health Profile
Municipality of West Coast Braddon
NATI O NAL HE ART FO U N DATI O N O F AU STR ALIA
West Coast Australia Braddon Australia
# % % Population Snapshot # % %
Population Snapshot
People who left school People with Certificate
at Year 9 or below 647.0 15.0 11.3 The Municipality of West Coast in Tasmania has an estimated population III or higher qualification 38,532 36.7 46.6
of 4,167 and according to the ABS Index of Relative Socioeconomic Braddon has an estimated population of 104,992.
Disadvantage (IRSD), is classified as one of Australia’s most disadvantaged
Aboriginal and Torres Aboriginal and Torres Disadvantage, Indigenous status and low educational attainment are all
Strait Islander communities (Quintile 1), ranking 47 out of 544 LGAs for its level of relative Strait Islander
377.0 8.0 3.3 7,664 7.3 2.8 associated with a higher risk of heart disease, along with the known risks of
Peoples disadvantage. Disadvantage, Indigenous status and low educational Peoples
smoking, obesity, a lack of physical exercise, high blood pressure and high
attainment are all associated with a higher risk of heart disease, along with
cholesterol.
People aged over the known risks of smoking, obesity, a lack of physical exercise, high blood People aged over 65
65 years 732.0 17.0 15.7 pressure and high cholesterol. years 21,733 20.7 15.4
The proportion of people aged 65 and over living in Braddon is 21%
The proportion of people aged 65 and over living in West Coast is 18% compared to the national average of 15%. The proportion of Aboriginal and
Private dwellings
444.0 25.0 14.1 compared to the national average of 16%. The proportion of Aboriginal and People fully engaged in Torres Strait Islander peoples living in Braddon is 7% compared to the
without internet
work or study
45,042 42.9 53.1
access Torres Strait Islander peoples living in West Coast is 9% compared to the national average of 3% and the proportion of people with Certificate III or
national average of 3% and the proportion of people who left school before higher qualification is 37% compared to the national average of 47%.
People who speak year 10 is 16% compared to the national average of 11%. People with language
english 5.0 0.0 3.1 other than english 2,520 2.4 20.8
not well or not at all spoken at home
Heart related hospital admissions - ASR (2012-2016) Coronary heart disease mortality - ASR (2012-2016) Heart related hospital admissions - ASR (2012-2016) Coronary heart disease mortality - ASR (2012-2016)
National 43.5 National 65.5 National 43 National 66
Tasmania 39.0 Tasmania 75.3 Tasmania 39 Tasmania 75
West Coast (M) 60.1 West Coast (M) 124.3 Braddon 46 Braddon 84
The rate of heart-related hospital admissions in West Coast (60 per West Coast has a heart disease mortality rate of (124 per 100,000 The rate of heart-related hospital admissions in Braddon (46 per Braddon has a heart disease mortality rate of (84 per 100,000
10,000 persons) is significantly higher than the national average (43 persons) compared to the national average (66 per 100,000 persons). 10,000 persons) is higher than the national average (43 per 10,000 persons) and is higher than the national average (66 per 100,000
per 10,000 persons). This is amongst one of the highest CHD mortality rates in the country persons). persons).
Heart disease risk factors Prevalence of risk factors (%) Heart disease risk factors Prevalence of risk factors (%)
Current Smoking National Current smoking National
West Coast has a prevalence of high blood pressure (23%) which is not
Braddon has a prevalence of high blood pressure (24%) which is higher than
significantly different from the national average (22%). West Coast has a rate High Blood Pressure LGA High Blood Pressure Electorate
the national average (23%). Braddon has a rate of physical inactivity (71%),
of physical inactivity (79%), which is significantly higher than the national
Obesity which is higher than the national average (66%). The prevalence of smoking Obesity
average (66%). The prevalence of smoking in West Coast is 32%, a rate
in Braddon is 22%, a rate that is higher than the national average (15%). The
significantly higher than the national average (15%). The prevalence of Physical Inactivity Physical Inactivity
prevalence of obesity (38%) in Braddon is higher than the national average
obesity (43%) in West Coast is significantly higher than the national average
0 20 40 60 80 (31%). 0 20 40 60
(31%).
Prevalence (per 100 persons) Prevalence (per 100 persons)
10 PRIORITISING PEOPLE: HEART FOUNDATION PRE-BUDGET SUBMISSION 2021-22References
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coronavirus.
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Greg Ford, Bill Stavreski
NATI O NAL HE ART FO U N DATI O N O F AU STR ALIA
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29 https://www.acra.net.au/cardiologists-advocacy-statement-for-cardiac-rehabilitation/
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