PRELIMS 18.05.2022 - Aram IAS Academy
←
→
Page content transcription
If your browser does not render page correctly, please read the page content below
PRELIMS 18.05.2022
INDEX
S. No News Source
1 THE RAMGARH VISHDHARI WILDLIFE DTE
SANCTUARY
2 THE MONKEYPOX VIRUS DTE
3 AIR POLLUTION RELATED DEATH The Indian
Express
4 INTEGRATING eSHARM WITH ONORC The Indian
SCHEME Express
5 ALSO IN NEWS PIB
1. THE RAMGARH VISHDHARI WILDLIFE SANCTUARY
CONTEXT:
Ramgarh Vishdhari Wildlife Sanctuary was notified as a tiger reserve, after a nod by the
Union Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEF&CC). The area has been
called ‘critical’ for the movement of tigers by wildlife experts and conservationists
MORE ON NEWS:
It is now India’s 52nd tiger reserve and Rajasthan’s fourth, after Ranthambore,
Sariska and Mukundra.
There were an estimated 2,967 tigers in India in 2019, according to the National
Tiger Conservation Authority.
THE RAMGARH VISHDHARI SANCTUARY:
The Ramgarh Vishdhari Sanctuary includes the tiger habitat between Ranthambore
Tiger Reserve in the northeast and Mukundra Hills Tiger Reserve on the southern
side.
The reserve has been called 'critical' by wildlife experts and conservationists for
the movement of Tigers between Ranthambore and Mukundra reserves.
Apart from Tigers, the reserve is also home to other animals including leopard, nilgai,
Indian wolf, striped hyena, sloth bear, golden jackal, chinkara and fox.
The Ramgarh Vishdhari Tiger Reserve will span across an area of 1,501.89 sq km.
Ramgarh Vishadhri reserve is located mostly in the Bundi district and in part in
Bhilwara and Kota districts.
2. THE MONKEYPOX VIRUS
CONTEXT:
Seven cases of monkey pox have been reported from the United Kingdom in May 2022 by
health agencies, with the World Health Organization (WHO) also taking note of the situation.
MORE ON NEWS: Monkey pox was first identified in monkeys in 1958, while the first human case
was recorded in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, then Zaire.
The disease does not spread easily between humans and requires “contact and
droplet exposure via exhaled large droplets”.
MONKEY POX:
The monkeypox virus is an orthopoxvirus, which is a genus of viruses that also
includes the variola virus, which causes smallpox, and vaccinia virus, which was
used in the smallpox vaccine.
Monkeypox causes symptoms similar to smallpox, although they are less severe.
While vaccination eradicated smallpox worldwide in 1980, monkeypox continues to
occur in a swathe of countries in Central and West Africa, and has on occasion
showed up elsewhere.
According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), two distinct clade are
identified: the West African clade and the Congo Basin clade, also known as the
Central African clade.
ZOONOTIC DISEASE:
Monkeypox is a zoonosis, that is, a disease that is transmitted from infected
animals to humans. According to the WHO, cases occur close to tropical rainforests
inhabited by animals that carry the virus.
Monkeypox virus infection has been detected in squirrels, Gambian poached rats,
dormice, and some species of monkeys.
SYMPTOMS AND TREATMENT:
Monkeypox begins with a fever, headache, muscle aches, back ache, and
exhaustion.
It also causes the lymph nodes to swell (lymphadenopathy), which smallpox does
not. The WHO underlines that it is important to not confuse monkeypox with
chickenpox, measles, bacterial skin infections, scabies, syphilis and medication-
associated allergies.
The incubation period (time from infection to symptoms) for monkeypox is usually 7-
14 days but can range from 5-21 days. Usually within a day to 3 days of the onset of fever, the patient develops a rash
that begins on the face and spreads to other parts of the body.
The skin eruption stage can last between 2 and 4 weeks, during which the lesions
harden and become painful, fill up first with a clear fluid and then pus, and then
develop scabs or crusts.
3. AIR POLLUTION
RELATED DEATH
STEPS TAKENTO REDUCE AIR POLLUTION
CONTEXT:
Notification of National Ambient Air Quality
Air pollution was responsible Standards and sector-specific emission and
for 16.7 lakh deaths in India in effluent standards for industries;
2019, or 17.8% of all deaths in Setting up of monitoring network for assessment
the country that year. This is of ambient air quality;
the largest number of air- Introduction of cleaner gaseous fuels like CNG,
pollution-related deaths of any LPG etc and ethanol blending;
country, according to a recent Launching of National Air Quality Index (AQI);
report on pollution and health Banning of burning of biomass;
published in The Lancet Promotion of public transport network;
Planetary Health. Pollution Under Control Certificate;
MORE ON NEWS: Issuance of directions under Air (Prevention and
Control of Pollution) Act, 1981;
Globally, air pollution
Installation of on-line continuous (24x7)
alone contributes to
monitoring devices by 17 highly polluting
66.7 lakh deaths.
industrial sectors;
Overall, pollution was
Regulating the bursting of pollution-emitting
responsible for an
crackers;
estimated 90 lakh
Notification of graded response action plan for
deaths in 2019
Delhi identifying source wise actions for various
(equivalent to one in
levels of air pollution, etc.six deaths worldwide), a number that has remained unchanged since the 2015
analysis.
Ambient air pollution was responsible for 45 lakh deaths, and hazardous chemical
pollutants for 17 lakh, with 9 lakh deaths attributable to lead pollution.
FINDINGS ABOUT INDIA:
The majority of the 16.7 lakh air pollution-related deaths in India – 9.8 lakh —
were caused by PM2.5 pollution, and another 6.1 lakh by household air
pollution.
According to the report, air pollution is most severe in the Indo-Gangetic Plain.
This area contains New Delhi and many of the most polluted cities. Burning of
biomass in households was the single largest cause of air pollution deaths in
India, followed by coal combustion and crop burning.
The number of deaths remains high despite India’s considerable efforts against
household air pollution.
4. INTEGRATING eSHRAM WITH ONORC SCHEME
CONTEXT:
The e-Shram portal of the Ministry of Labour and Employment, which is meant to register
workers in the unorganised sector and help them access social security benefits, is being
integrated with the One Nation One Ration Card scheme.
THE ONE NATION ONE RATION CARD SCH
EME:
The ONORC scheme is aimed at enabling migrant workers and their family
members to buy subsidized ration from any fair price shop anywhere in the
country under the National Food Security Act, 2013.
For instance, a migrant worker from, say, Basti district of Uttar Pradesh will be able
to access PDS benefits in Mumbai, where he or she may have gone in search of work.
While the person can buy foodgrains as per his or her entitlement under the NFSA atthe place where he or she is eSHARM PORTAL
based, members of his or her
family can still go to their The Ministry of Labour & Employment has
developed eSHRAM portal for creating a
ration dealer back home.
National Database of Unorganized
HOW IT WORKS? Workers (NDUW), which will be seeded
with Aadhaar.
ONORC is based on
It will have details of name, occupation,
technology that involves
address, occupation type, educational
details of beneficiaries’
qualification, skill types and family
ration
details etc. for optimum realization of their
card, Aadhaar number,
employability and extend the benefits of the
and electronic Points of
social security schemes to them.
Sale (ePoS).
It is the first-ever national database of
The system identifies a
unorganised workers including migrant
beneficiary through
workers, construction workers, gig and
biometric authentication
platform workers, etc.
on ePoS devices at fair
price shops.
The system runs with the support of two portals —Integrated Management of
Public Distribution System (IM-PDS) (impds.nic.in) and Annavitran
(annavitran.nic.in), which host all the relevant data.
When a ration card holder goes to a fair price shop, he or she identifies himself or
herself through biometric authentication on ePoS, which is matched real time with
details on the Annavitaran portal.
Once the ration card details are verified, the dealer hands out the beneficiary’s
entitlements. While the Annavitaran portal maintains a record of intra-state
transactions — inter-district and intra-district — the IM-PDS portal records the
inter-state transactions.5. ALSO IN NEWS
SWACHHTA NHPC, India’s premier hydro power company observed
PAKHWADA 2022 ‘Swachhta Pakhwada 2022’ at its Corporate Office and
all its Regional Offices
Swachhta Pakhwada was Started in April 2016, with the
objective of bringing a fortnight of intense focus on
issues and practices of the Swachhta by engaging all the
government ministries & departments in their
jurisdictions. In order to plan the Pakhwada activities, an
annual calendar is circulated among the Ministries in
advanced.
Ministries that observe Swachhata Pakhwada are monitored
by means of online monitoring system of Swachhata
Samiksha. On this system, action plans, images & videos
related to Swachhata activities are uploaded and shared.
The Saharia, Sahar, Sehariya, or Sahariya are an ethnic
SAHARIA TRIBE
group in the state of Madhya Pradesh.
Sahariya tribe comes under the special backward tribes of
Madhya Pradesh.
The Saharias are mainly found in many districts of
Madhya Pradesh and Baran district of Rajasthan.
The tribe members believe in Folk Hinduism’s gods and
goddess that they worship and celebrate in major festivals
They are also known as the younger brothers of Bhil’s
(Bhils or Bheels are primarily an ethnic group of people in
West India).
Their habitats are located in the forest area, barren and
stony land and they are still a primitive society.KIND ATTENTION !!
OUR BOOK IS THE ONLY BOOK
ON GOVERNANCE WHICH COVERS
THE WHOLE SYLLABUS
GOVERNANCE IN INDIA
By M. KARTHIKEYAN
# C-40, 2nd Avenue, 89396 96868 info@aramiasacademy.com
Anna Nagar West, Chennai - 40. 89396 96869 www.aramiasacademy.com
aramias_academy Aram.Academy.IAS aramias_academy aimcivilservices aramiasacademy.comYou can also read
