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Peter L. Forey
BRIAN GARDINER1 & ALISON LONGBOTTOM2
1
Ringlee, Lindon Gardens, Leatherhead, Surrey KT22 7HB, UK
2
Department of Palaeontology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD,
UK (e-mail: A.Longbottom@nhm.ac.uk)
This book began with the desire by the editors to These publications are still the standard works on
create a publication to honour Dr Peter Forey fossil elopomorph comparative anatomy.
(Fig. 1) in recognition of his great contribution to In 1972, sometime after graduation (during
fish systematics and palaeobiogeography. This which period he had several jobs, including
preface gives a brief review of some of his accom- working for a security firm) he applied for, and
plishments and a list of his publications to date. secured, the position of Assistant professor in
Peter Forey started his palaeontological career as a Zoology at the University of Alberta. He remained
research student of Brian Gardiner at Queen Elizabeth in this post until 1975 when he joined the fossil fish
College, University of London from 1968–1971. section in the Department of Palaeontology at the
His thesis on elopiform fishes was published in Natural History Museum, London. Here, working
1973 in the Bulletin of the British Museum with Colin Patterson, he became one of the prime
(Natural History) (Geology supplement 10). That movers in getting phylogenetic systematics (or
same year he produced what turned out to be a cladistics as it became called) accepted by the
signal paper entitled ‘Relationships of elopo- palaeontology community.
morphs’, which was published in ‘Interrelationships This new method for analysing phylogenies was
of Fishes’ (Greenwood, Miles & Patterson 1973). being developed in the 1970s following the publi-
This was subsequently updated in 1996 by the cation of a paper on phylogenetic systematics in
paper Forey, Littlewood, Ritchie & Meyer, ‘Inter- English (Hennig 1966). The fossil fish section and
relationships of elopomorph fishes’, published in a other researchers from the Natural History
new edition of ‘Interrelationships of Fishes’. Museum (including Peter, Colin, Chris Humphries
(Botanist), Dick Vane-Wright (Entomologist) and,
on occasion, Brian Gardiner and Gareth Nelson)
had many fruitful discussions in a public house
local to the museum, which became known as ‘the
Cladists Arms’. The cladistic methodology was
viewed antagonistically by many palaeontologists
at the time and finally a special session was set
aside at the ‘26th Symposium of Vertebrate
Palaeontology and Comparative Anatomy’ held in
1978 at Reading University, England, to discuss
the issue. The promotion of cladistics by the
Natural History Museum speakers at this sym-
posium led to some sharp exchanges in the pages
of Nature journal (Halstead 1978; Halstead &
White 1978; Gardiner et al. 1979). These discus-
sions and disputes eventually led to the 1981 publi-
cation by Rosen, Forey, Patterson & Gardiner
entitled ‘Lungfishes, tetrapods, palaeontology and
plesiomorphy’. On the face of it, this was a publi-
cation describing the anatomical details of the
snouts of tetrapods, lobe-finned fishes and lung-
fishes, and their conclusion was that tetrapods
were more closely related to the lungfish rather
than other lobe-finned fishes (in particular the osteo-
lepiforms), which was the accepted idea at that
Fig. 1. Peter Forey. time. This caused quite a stir but mainly because
From: CAVIN , L., LONGBOTTOM , A. & RICHTER , M. (eds) Fishes and the Break-up of Pangaea.
Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 295, 1–6.
DOI: 10.1144/SP295.1 0305-8719/08/$15.00 # The Geological Society of London 2008.Downloaded from http://sp.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on September 16, 2021
2 B. GARDINER & A. LONGBOTTOM
Rosen et al. criticised the traditional methods of
working out ancestor-descendant relationships,
where it was deemed important that fossils played
a large part. They again argued in strong terms for
cladistic methodology where relationships should
be inferred from extant forms alone without refer-
ence to fossils. Their apparent dismissal of fossils
and contradiction of the accepted origins of tetra-
pods led to some very vitriolic reviews of their
paper (especially Jarvik 1981) and they became
known as ‘the gang of four’.
The first use of this term in print has not been
traced but it culminated with Henry Gee (1999)
using it as a chapter heading in a book where he
describes the history of the Rosen et al. 1981
paper and the reaction of the palaeontology commu-
nity to it. Now that cladistic methodology is Fig. 2. At the Alabama Deep Sea Fishing Rodeo
accepted it is difficult to understand the heated argu- (Dauphin Island, Alabama, USA), July 2002. From left
ments and discussions that went on in the literature to right: William E. Bemis, Peter Forey, and Lance
of the 1970s and 1980s, and Peter Forey’s papers Grande, with a Warsaw Grouper (Epinephelus nigritus,
reflect this time of change. 2030 mm TL) that was landed during the fishing
Peter continued to champion cladistics and tournament. Photo: courtesy of L. Grande.
educate a new generation. Starting in 1983 with
‘An Introduction to Cladistics’, Peter has published
many papers and books on cladistics and his most Fishing Rodeo and to select specimens for
up-to-date contributions are a series of articles ‘Cla- museum collections (Fig. 2). He has also made con-
distics for Palaeontologists’ in the Palaeontology tributions to the study of more primitive fishes
Newsletter (2005–2006) of the Palaeontological including on the origin of agnathans (Forey 1984c,
Association (UK). His background in lecturing 1995a, Forey & Janvier 1993, 1994, 1995b) and
also proved important for the development of cla-
distics at the Natural History Museum when in
1990 Peter, together with Chris Humphries, David
Williams, Darrell Siebert and Ian Kitching, set up
a course on cladistics for museum staff and MSc
students and was one of the lead lecturers.
Undoubtedly Peter’s other outstanding contri-
butions have been on coelacanths (see Forey
1980, 1984a, 1988, 1989, 1990b, 1991a, 1991c)
culminating in his book ‘History of Coelacanth
Fishes’ (1998c). He is without doubt the world
authority on coelacanths.
Peter has also published extensively on lung-
fishes, (e.g. Forey 1986), and their relationship to
tetrapods (Forey et al. 1991).
Peter’s other contributions to taxonomy concern
the controversial PhyloCode, about which he
published a description and commentary (see
Forey 2001c, 2002c).
Peter has made valuable contributions to many
other fields including palaeobiogeography (Forey
1981a, 1985a; Hilton & Forey 2005b). He has estab-
lished himself as an outstanding teleost taxonomist
with numerous publications throughout his career
from the 1970s (Forey 1970, 1973a, 1973b– c,
1975, 1977) up to more recently (Forey & Patterson Fig. 3. Peter Forey taking a short break from fossil
2006). His extensive knowledge of fishes has been collecting to make a study for a watercolour. At the
put to good use as he has, for many years, helped Green River Formation, west of Kemmerer, Wyoming
to identify the catches at the Alabama Deep Sea (USA), July 2003. Photo: E. J. Hilton.Downloaded from http://sp.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on September 16, 2021
PETER L. FOREY 3
on placoderms (Forey & Gardiner 1986). All of this 1997 (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha). Zoological
is borne out by the fact that he has published over Journal of the Linnean Society of London, 133, 25–52.
114 peer-reviewed papers, 24 other articles and C AVIN , L. & F OREY , P. L. 2004. New Mawsoniid coela-
book reviews and written or contributed to 21 canth (Sarcopterygii: Actinistia) remains from the
Cretaceous of the Kem Kem Beds, Southern
books and is still actively researching and writing. Morocco. In: A RRATIA , G. & T INTORI , A. (eds)
These are a lasting testimony to Peter Mesozoic fishes 3– Systematics, palaeoenvironments
Forey’s accomplishments. and biodiversity. Dr F. Pfeil, Munich, 493–506.
Throughout his career Peter’s other major talent C AVIN , L. & F OREY , P. L. 2007. Using ghost lineages to
(as a gifted artist) has helped him to interpret and identify diversification events in the fossil record.
portray the complexities of fish morphology, as Biology Letters, 3, 201 –204.
the beautiful illustrations in his papers show. Peter C AVIN , L., F OREY , P. L., B UFFETAUT , E. & T ONG , H.
also paints watercolours and has exhibited and 2005. Latest European coelacanth shows Gondwanan
sold many paintings. His keenness extends to affinities. Biology Letters, 2005, 176–177.
C AVIN , L., F OREY , P. L. & L ECUYER , C. 2007.
taking a sketchpad with him wherever he goes, Correlation between environment and Late Mesozoic
even to the most remote (and some would say ray-finned fish evolution. Palaeogeography,
artistically-uninspiring) field areas (Fig. 3). Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 245, 353–367.
Peter’s wide-ranging knowledge of and interest C HALONER , W. G., F OREY , P. L., G ARDINER , B. G.,
in fossil fishes and palaeobiogeography, and the H ILL , A. J. & Y OUNG , V. T. 1980. Devonian fish and
inspiration his contributions have given to others, plants from the Bokkeveld Series of South Africa.
are acknowledged and reflected in the scope and Annals of the South African Museum, 81, 127–157.
subjects of the papers herein: this book is dedicated C HENERY , S., W ILLIAMS , T., E LLIOT , T., F OREY , P. L.
to him. & W ERDELIN , L. 1996. Determination of rare earth
elements in biological and mineral apatite by EPMA
and LAMP-ICP-MS. Mikrochimica Acta, Supplement
Alison Longbottom would like to thank Julien Kimmig for
13, 259– 269.
help compiling Peter Forey’s bibliography.
C LOUTIER , R. & F OREY , P. L. 1991. Diversity of extinct
and living actinistian fishes (Sacropterygii). Environ-
mental Biology of Fishes. 32, 59–74.
References D ONOGHUE , P. C. J. & F OREY , P. L. 1998. Conodont affi-
G EE , H. 1999. In search of Deep Time. The Free Press, nity, chordate phylogeny and the origin of vertebrate
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G REENWOOD , P. H., M ILES , R. S. & P ATTERSON , C. D ONOGHUE , P. C. J., F OREY , P. L. & A LDRIDGE , R. J.
(eds) 1973. Interrelationships of Fishes. Acadamic 2000. Conodont affinity and chordate phylogeny.
Press, London. Biological Reviews, 75, 191– 251.
H ALSTEAD , L. B. 1978. The cladistic revolution– can it E LLIOT , T. A., F OREY , P. L. & W ILLIAMS , C. T. 1995.
make the grade? Nature, 276, 759 –760. Strontium isotopes and trace elements as palaeo-
H ALSTEAD , L. B. & W HITE , E. I. 1979. A reply. Nature, environmental indicators in fossil fishes. Terra
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H ENNIG , W. 1966. Phylogenetic Systematics. Translated E LLIOT , T. A., F OREY , P. L., W ILLIAMS , C. T. &
by: D WIGHT D AVIS , D. & R AINER ZANGERL . W ERDELIN , L. 1998. Application of the solubility pro-
University of Illinois Press, Urbana. filing technique to Recent and fossil fish teeth. Bulletin
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and Plesiomorphy. Systematic Zoology, 30, 378–384. F OREY , P. L. 1970. A revision of the order Elopiformes
(Pisces: Teleostei), University of London, PhD thesis.
F OREY , P. L. 1973a. A primitive clupeomorph fish from
Peter Forey Bibliography the Middle Cenomanian of Hakel, Lebanon. Canadian
Journal of Earth Sciences, 10, 1302–1318.
A HLBERG , P. & F OREY , P. L. 1993. Therapsids and trans- F OREY , P. L. 1973b. Relationships of elopomorphs. In:
formation series; discussion. Nature, 361, 596– 597. G REENWOOD , P. H., M ILES , R. S. & P ATTERSON , C.
B EMIS , W. E. & F OREY , P. L. 2001. Occipital structure and (eds) Interrelationships of Fishes. Academic Press,
the posterior limit of the skull in actinopterygians. In: London, 351–368.
A HLBERG , P. (ed.) Major events in early vertebrate F OREY , P. L. 1973c. A revision of elopiform fishes, fossil
evolution. Systematics Association Special Volume and Recent. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural
series, 61. Taylor & Francis, London, 350– 369. History) (Geology), supplement 10, 1 –222.
B EMIS , W. E., H ILTON , E. J., B ROWN , B., A RRINDDAL , F OREY , P. L. 1975. A fossil clupeomorph fish from the
R., R ICHMOND , A. M., L ITTLE , C. D., G RANDE , L., Albian of the Northwest Territories of Canada, with
F OREY , P. L. & N ELSON , G. J. 2004. Methods for pre- notes on cladistic relationships of clupeomorphs.
paring dry, partially articulated skeletons of osteichth- Journal of Zoology, 175, 151– 177.
yans with notes on making Ridewood dissections of F OREY , P. L. 1977. The osteology of Notelops Woodward,
the cranial skeleton. Copeia, 2004, 603– 609. Rhacolepis Agassiz and Pachyrhizodus Dixon (Pisces:
C AVIN , L. & F OREY , P. L. 2001. Osteology and systema- Teleostei). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural
tic affinities of Palaeonotopterus greenwoodi Forey History) (Geology), 28, 123– 204.Downloaded from http://sp.lyellcollection.org/ by guest on September 16, 2021 4 B. GARDINER & A. LONGBOTTOM F OREY , P. L. 1980. Latimeria: a paradoxical fish. Proceed- and of the Earth by Schaal, S. & Zeigler, W. New ings of the Royal Society of London, 208, 369–384. Scientist, 136 (Dec.), 57. F OREY , P. L. 1981a. Biogeography, Introduction. In: F OREY , P. L. 1992b. Book review; Fish evolution and sys- F OREY , P. L. (ed.) The evolving Biosphere. tematics: evidence from spermatozoa by Jamieson, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 241– 245. B. G. M. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 7, 66–67. F OREY , P. L. 1981b. The coelacanth Rhabdoderma in the F OREY , P. L. 1992c. Formal classification. In: F OREY , Carboniferous of the British Isles. Palaeontology, 24, P. L., H UMPHRIES , C. J., K ITCHING , I. J., 203– 229. S COTLAND , R. W., S IEBERT , D. J. & W ILLIAMS , F OREY , P. L. 1981c. The Evolving Biosphere. Cambridge D. M. (eds) Cladistics: a practical course in system- University Press, Cambridge. atics. Systematics Association Publications, 10. F OREY , P. L. 1982. Neontological analyses versus Oxford University Press, Oxford, 160– 169. palaeontological stories. In: J OYSEY , K. A. & F OREY , P. L. 1992d. Fossils and cladistic analysis. In: F RIDAY , A. E. (eds) Problems of phylogenetic recon- F OREY , P. L., H UMPHRIES , C. J., K ITCHING , I. J., struction. The Systematics Association, Special S COTLAND , R. W., S IEBERT , D. J. & W ILLIAMS , Volume Series, 21. Academic Press, London, D. M. (eds) Cladistics: a practical course in systema- 119– 157. tics. Systematics Association Publications, 10. Oxford F OREY , P. L. 1983. Introduction to cladistics. In: University Press, Oxford, 124–136. M INGZHENG , Z., M IMAN , Z. & X IABO , Y. (eds) F OREY , P. L. 1994a. Book review; The Africa-South Translation of selected papers on cladistics. Science America connection by George, W. & Lavocat, R. Press, Beijing, 152– 195. Journal of Biogeography, 21, 338–339. F OREY , P. L. 1984a. The coelacanth as a living fossil. In: F OREY , P. L. 1994b. Foreward. In: M INELLI , A. (ed.) Bio- E LDREDGE , N. & S TANLEY , S. M. (eds) Living logical Systematics: the state of the art. Chapman & Fossils. Springer Verlag, New York, 166–169. Hall, London. F OREY , P. L. 1984b. L’origine des tétrapodes. La F OREY , P. L. 1994c. Little comfort for advocates of salta- Recherche, 15, 476– 487. tional evolution and mass extinctions. Book review; F OREY , P. L. 1984c. Yet more reflections on Extinction and Phylogeny by N OVACEK , M. J. & Agnathan-Gnathostome relationships. Journal of W HEELER , Q. D. (eds); Journal of Biogeography, Vertebrate Paleontology, 4, 330–343. 21, 353–356. F OREY , P. L. 1985a. Methods of palaeobiogeography. F OREY , P. L. 1995a. Agnathans Recent and fossil, and the Journal of the Open University Geological Society, origin of jawed vertebrates. Reviews in Fish Biology 6, 3 –9. and Fisheries, 5, 267– 303. F OREY , P. L. 1985b. Obituary: Errol Ivor White, CBE, F OREY , P. L. 1995b. Book review; Interpreting the hierar- FRS, P-PLS (1901–1985). The Linnean, 1, 28–32. chy of nature by G RANDE , L. & R IEPPEL , O. (eds) F OREY , P. L. 1986. Relationships of lungfishes. In: Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, 15, 861– 863. B EMIS , W. E., B URGGREN , W. W. & K EMP , N. E. F OREY , P. L. 1996a. Book review; Functional mor- (eds) The biology and evolution of lungfishes. phology in vertebrate paleontology by T HOMASON , Journal of Morphology, Centennial supplement 1, J. J. (ed.) Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 75–91. of London, 58, 245– 246. F OREY , P. L. 1987. The Downtonian ostracoderm Sclero- F OREY , P. L. 1996b. Nature read in tooth and jaw. dus Agassiz (Osteostraci; Tremataspididae). Bulletin Abstract. Transactions of the Leicester Literary and of the British Museum (Natural History) (Geology), Philosophical Society, 90, 41. 41, 1 –30. F OREY , P. L. 1997a. Book review; Early vertebrates: F OREY , P. L. 1988. Golden Jubilee for the Coelacanth Monographs on geology and geophysics, number 33 Latimeria chalumnae. Nature, 336, 727– 732. by J ANVIER , P. (ed.) Historical Biology, 12, 299– 300. F OREY , P. L. 1989. Le Coelacanthe. La Recherche, 20, F OREY , P. L. 1997b. A Cretaceous notopterid (Pisces: 1318–1326. Osteoglossomorpha) from Morocco. South African F OREY , P. L. 1990a. Cladistics. In: B RIGGS , D. E. & Journal of Science, 93, 564– 569. C ROWTHER , P. R. (eds) Palaeobiology: a F OREY , P. L. 1997c. New elopomorph teleosts from synthesis. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, Namoura, Lebanon. Journal of Vertebrate Paleonto- 430– 434. logy, 17, 46. F OREY , P. L. 1990b. The coelacanth fish: progress and F OREY , P. L. 1998a. Biogeography; a home from home prospects. Science Progress, 74, 53–67. for coelacanths. Nature, 395, 319– 320. F OREY , P. L. 1990c. An extraordinary Blue fish. Endea- F OREY , P. L. 1998b. Book review; Molecular systematics vour, 14, 8– 13. of fishes by K OCHER , T. D. & S TEPIEN , C. A. Zoolo- F OREY , P. L. 1991a. Blood lines of the coelacanth. gical Journal of the Linnean Society of London, 125, Nature, 351, 347 –348. 513. F OREY , P. L. 1991b. Des poissons aux tétrapodes. In: F OREY , P. L. 1998c. History of the coelacanth fishes. S ABBAGH , C. (ed.) On a marché sur la Terre. Editions Chapman & Hall, London. ICS. Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, F OREY , P. L. 1998d. In Darwin’s footsteps. Obituary of 31–36. Colin Patterson. The Guardian. F OREY , P. L. 1991c. Latimeria chalumnae and its pedi- F OREY , P. L. 1998e. Introduction. In: K ITCHING , I. J., gree. Enviromental Biology of Fishes, 32, 75– 97. F OREY , P. L., H UMPHRIES , C. J. & W ILLIAMS , D. M. F OREY , P. L. 1992a. Beetle shine in oily shale. Book (eds) Cladistics: the theory and practice of review; Messel: An insight into the history of life parsimony analysis. 2nd edn. Systematics Association
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PETER L. FOREY 5
Publications, 11. Oxford University Press, Oxford, F OREY , P. L. 2005a. Biological radiations and speciation.
1–17. In: S ÉLLÉY , R. C., C OCKS , L. R. M. & P LIMER , I. R.
F OREY , P. L. 1998f. Missing values. In: K ITCHING , I. J., (eds) Encyclopaedia of Geology; Volume 1. Elsevier
F OREY , P. L., H UMPHRIES , C. J. & W ILLIAMS , D. Academic Press, Oxford, 266– 279.
M. (eds) Cladistics: the theory and practice of parsimony F OREY , P. L. 2005b. Cladistics for Palaeontologists: Intro-
analysis. 2nd edn. Systematics Association Publications, duction. Palaeontology Newsletter, 60, 26–37.
11. Oxford University Press, Oxford, 79–89. F OREY , P. L. 2005c. Jawless vertebrates. In: H ILL , M.
F OREY , P. L. 1998g. Obituary of Colin Patterson. Sys- (ed.) Encyclopedia of Science and Technology, 9.
tematics Association Newsletter, April, 5– 6. F OREY , P. L. 2005d. Naming the World: Is there anything
F OREY , P. L. 1998h. Simultaneous and partitioned analy- left of Linnaeus. Proceedings of the California
sis. In: K ITCHING , I. J., F OREY , P. L., H UMPHRIES , Academy of Sciences, 56, 182– 195.
C. J. & W ILLIAMS , D. M. (eds) Cladistics: the F OREY , P. L. 2006a. Cladistics for Palaeontologists: Cladis-
theory and practice of parsimony analysis. 2nd edn. tic characters. Palaeontology Newsletter, 61, 33–42.
Systematics Association Publications, 11. Oxford Uni- F OREY , P. L. 2006b. Cladistics for Palaeontologists: Tree
versity Press, Oxford, 152–168. building. Palaeontology Newsletter, 62, 43–59.
F OREY , P. L. 1998i. Two contributions in Nature on-line F OREY , P. L. 2006c. Cladistics: Optimisation. Palaeontol-
debate. ‘The adequacy of the fossil record’. Moderated ogy Newsletter, 63, 26– 35.
by Andrew Smith. F OREY , P. L. 2007. Cladistics: Consensus trees and tree
F OREY , P. L. 2000a. Global change and the fossil fish support. Palaeontology Newsletter, 64, 28– 34.
record; the relevance of systematics. In: C ULVER , F OREY , P. L., A HLBERG , P. E., L UKSEVICS , E. &
S. J. & R AWSON , P. (eds) Biotic response to global Z UPINS , I. 2000. A new coelacanth from the Middle
change; the last 145 million years. Cambridge Univer- Devonian of Latvia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontol-
sity Press, Cambridge, 107–121. ogy, 20, 243– 252.
F OREY , P. L. 2000b. Summary. In: F OREY , P. L., F OREY , P. L. & C AVIN , L. 2007. A new species of Cla-
G ARDINER , B. G. & H UMPHRIES , C. J. (eds) Colin docyclus (Teleostei: Ichthyodectiformes) from the
Patterson – His life. Special Issue 2. The Linnean, Cenomanian of Morocco. Palaeontologia Electronica,
Academic Press, London, 90–95. 10, 10 p.
F OREY , P. L. 2001a. Biological Systematics. Palaeontol- F OREY , P. L. & C LOUTIER , R. 1991. Literature relating to
ogy Newsletter, 47, 81–82. fossil coelacanths. Enviromental Biology of Fishes, 32,
F OREY , P. L. 2001b. Les fossiles et la systématique. Bio- 391– 401.
systema, 19, 1– 28. F OREY , P. L. & F ORTEY , R. A. 2001. Fossils in the recon-
F OREY , P. L. 2001c. The PhyloCode: description and struction of phylogeny. In: B RIGGS , D. E. G. &
commentary. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature, C ROWTHER , P. R. (eds) Palaeobiology II. Blackwell
58, 81– 96. Science, Oxford, 515 –519.
F OREY , P. L. 2001d. What’s all this fuss about Phylo- F OREY , P. L., F ORTEY , R. A., K ENRICK , P. & S MITH ,
Code? Palaeontology Newsletter, 47, 19– 32. A. B. 2004. Taxonomy and fossils; a critical appraisal.
F OREY , P. L. 2002a. Fossils, Phylogeny & form: analyti- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of
cal approach. Palaeontology Newsletter, 50, 75– 78. London, Biological Sciences, 359, 639–653.
F OREY , P. L. 2002b. A knotty problem of nomenclature. F OREY , P. L. & G ARDINER , B. G. 1973. A new dictytopy-
Book review; The poverty of the Linnean Hierarchy: gid from the Cave Sandstone of Lesotho, southern
A philosophical study of biological taxonomy by Africa. Paleontographica Africana, 15, 29–31.
Ereshefsky, M. Nature, 415, 839. F OREY , P. L. & G ARDINER , B. G. 1981. J. A.
F OREY , P. L. 2002c. PhyloCode – pain, no gain. Taxon, Moy-Thomas and his association with the British
51, 43– 54. Museum (Natural History). Bulletin of the British
F OREY , P. L. 2002d. Summary. In: M ACLEOD , N. & Museum (Natural History) (Geology), 35, 131–144.
F OREY , P. L. (eds) Morphology, shape and phylogeny. F OREY , P. L. & G ARDINER , B. G. 1986. Observations on
Taylor & Francis, London, 287 –294. Ctenurella Ptyctodontida and the classification of
F OREY , P. L. 2003. Book review; Genetics, Paleontology placoderm fishes. Zoological Journal of the Linnean
and Macroevolution by Levington, J. Journal of Society, 86, 43– 74.
Paleontology, 77, 199– 200. F OREY , P. L., G ARDINER , B. G. & H UMPHRIES , C. J.
F OREY , P. L. 2004a. Cladistics and the coelacanth. NHM 2000. Colin Patterson a celebration of his life. The
Magazine, 4, 19– 21. Linnean, Special Issue 2, 1– 96.
F OREY , P. L. 2004b. Systematics and Palaeontology. In: F OREY , P. L., G ARDINER , B. G. & P ATTERSON , C. 1991.
W ILLIAMS , D. M. & F OREY , P. L. (eds) Milestones The lungfish, the coelacanth and the cow revisited. In:
in Systematics. The Systematics Association S CHULTZE , H.-P. & T RUEB , L. (eds) Origins of the
Special Volume Series, 67. CRC Press, Boca Raton, higher groups of tetrapods: controversy and consen-
149–180. sus. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, 145– 172.
F OREY , P. L. 2004c. A three-dimensional skull of a primi- F OREY , P. L. & G RANDE , L. 1998. An African twin to the
tive clupeomorph fish from the Cenomanian English Brazilian Calamopleurus (Actinopterygii: Amiidae).
Chalk, and implications for the evolution of the clu- Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society of
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