OCEANS & ISLANDS Conference handbook
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Conference handbook
OCEANS & ISLANDS
A CONFERENCE FOR PACIFIC RESEARCH
29-30 NOVEMBER 2018 AKL, NZ
Contents Our Network
The New Zealand Institute for Pacific Research (NZIPR) is led by a
Our Network.............................................................. 3 consortium that brings together the substantial capability of three research-
Conference Info........................................................ 4 intensive New Zealand universities:
Campus Map.............................................................. 6 - Auckland University of Technology
Social Info................................................................... 7 - The University of Auckland
- The University of Otago
Programme................................................................ 8
Keynotes...................................................................... 12
Abstracts...................................................................... 26
Page 2 | OCEANS & ISLANDS - A conference for Pacific research OCEANS & ISLANDS - A conference for Pacific research I Page 3
29-30 November 2018 29-30 November 2018
Conference Info Nearby Services
ASB Bank
Level 1, Owen G Glenn Building (OGGB)
University of Auckland
Banking and foreign exchange services
Conference Venue - Fale Pasifika
Pharmacy & Post Shop
20-26 Wynyard Street, City Campus, University of Auckland
Level 1 Kate Edgar Information Commons
Corner Alfred St & Symonds Street
Our Fale Pasifika is the symbol of our identity as Pacific students and staff of
the University of Auckland.
It is our home for ceremonies, a place for dialogue, for teaching and learning Getting Around
about the islands of the Pacific. It is also the second largest structure of its kind There are a many taxi companies to choose from in Auckland. We suggest:
in the world, and is part of the wider Centre for Pacific Studies.
Blue Bubble Taxis
09 300 3000
Parking www.cooptaxi.co.nz
Public parking is available beneath the Owen G Glenn Building.
The conference venue is in a prime location for public transportation. Find
details at:
Cameras and Electronic Recording Auckland Transport
No electronic recording of presentations is permitted without permission of www.at.govt.nz/bus-train-ferry
conference organisers and speakers. *download the AT mobile app on your smartphone for live updates
Twitter Medical and Illness
The most up-todate information will be available from our twitter feed If you have an emergency you can contact the police, paramedics and fire
available at www.nzipr2018.nz or @nzipr department by calling 111 from any landline or mobile phone.
The Conference Venue is:
Wifi 20-26 Wynyard Street, City Campus, University of Auckland
Wireless internet access is available for use during the conference.
If you require non-emergency medical attention during the conference,
NETWORK: UoA-Guest-WiFi
please inform the registration desk where a first aid kit will be available.
USERNAME: NZIPR@WIFI.NZ
PASSWORD: nPJbADso
No Smoking
Smoking is not permitted anywhere within The University of Auckland
campus.
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29-30 November 2018 29-30 November 2018
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Fale Pasifika Complex Mathematics, Dept of 303 G,H9
Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery 110 F10
University Hall 440 I8
University Hall Apartments 436 I8 of Auckland
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Mechanical Engineering, Dept of 401 H9 University Health Services 315 G9
Aotea Square
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Media Productions 804 E10
Well University House 135 E9
Mona House 216 G10 in gton
University of Auckland Foundation 135 E9
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Fale Pasifika
Musgrove Studio Theatre 313 G9 University of Auckland Society 135 E9
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Town Hall AUT
6 Music, School of 250, 804, 820 D9, E,10, G10 Vice-Chancellor’s Office 105 F9
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Muslim Prayer Room 301 H9 Whitaker Hall 601-603 J7, K7
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New Start 206 G10
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Algie (Law) 801 E10
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Architecture (ALR) 421 H9
Excellence for Māori Development & Advancement) 253 G11
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436 Arts 1 (Arts) 206 G10
Ponsonby Myers Park
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20A Okareta House 215 G10 Arts 2 (C303) 207 G10
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Old Choral Hall 104 G10
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University Biology (BLT) 106 G10
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Old Government House 102 F10
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Hall Cell Biology (CMBioLT) 110 F10
Gra
Pitt St
O’Rorke Hall 614 I8 Chemistry (Chem) 301 H9
Owen G Glenn Building 260 G,H10
440 29-30 November 2018 Pacific Studies, Centre for 273 G10
ClockTower (ClockT) 105 F9
29-30 November 2018
ne
Commerce A (CA) 114 F10
Auckland Domain
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People & Organisational Development (POD) Training Team Conference Centre (Conf) 423 H9 we
Thursday 29 November
8:00AM - 8:50AM Registration Opens
Welcome and conference opening
9:00AM - 9:15AM Hon. Carmel Sepuloni
Page 8 |
9:15AM - 9:30AM Associate Professor Damon Salesa
9:30AM - 10:00AM Associate Dr. David Gegeo
10:00AM - 10:30AM Professor Kapua Sproat
10:30AM - 11:00AM Morning Tea Break
1A 1B 1C 1D
Room: Fale Room: Pasifika Complex Room 107 Room: Pasifika Complex Room 104 Room: Owen G. Glenn Case Room 4
Programme
3 | THE GEOPOLITICAL IMPERATIVES OF 63 | EXPLORING A PACIFIC 5 | HOW DO WE ADDRESS THE ‘WICKED’ 61 | RENEWABLE ENERGY AND
NEW ZEALAND’S PACIFIC RESET INDIGENOUS/PASIFIKA ETHICS OF CHALLENGE POSED BY PACIFIC FOOD RESILIENCE: KIRIBATI AND SAMOA
29-30 November 2018
11:00AM - 11:20AM - Anna Powles RESEARCH AND CARE: WORKING FROM SYSTEMS IN RELATION TO PACIFIC - Maryanne Teariki, Ramona Tiatia, Ian
A COMMUNITY PERSPECTIVE AND PEOPLES’ HEALTH? Shearer
DEVELOPING A COMMUNITY NETWORK - Cath Conn, Gloria Faesen Kloet
53 | THE CATALOGUE AS A CULTURAL - Fuimaono Karl Pulotu-Endemann, 22 | USING TALANOA EPISTEMOLOGY 60 | TRANSFORMING CLIMATE MOBILITY
PRACTICE: INSIGHTS FROM AN Tamasailau Suaalii-Sauni, Tracie AND PARTICIPATORY ACTION RESEARCH POLICY SPACES – THE CASE OF THE
OUTSIDER Mafileo WITH YOUNG ENTREPRENEURS IN COOK ISLANDS ATTENTION TO ACTORS
11:20AM - 11:40AM - Penelope Aitken HEALTHY EATING ENTERPRISES IN AND POLICY ATTENTIONS
SUVA, FIJI - Christina Newport
- Radilaite Cammock
32 | PACIFIC MEDIA CENTRE: DRIVING 20 | BEYOND THE DECOLONIZATION OF 16 | WAYFINDING TERTIARY DANCE AS A 58 | OCEAN CITIES: ADAPTING
AN INNOVATIVE JOURNALISM RESEARCH YOUNG PASIFIKA MAN SUSTAINABLE URBAN DEVELOPMENT TO
11:40AM - 12:00PM RESEARCH AND PUBLICATION - Mona Matepi - Jazz ‘Ofamo’oni ISLAND SYSTEMS
STRATEGY - Luke Kiddle
- David Robie
49 | TEU LE VA: RELATIONAL 57 | WHAT’S IN A TERM? “GREEN
ACCOUNTABILITY AND RESPONSIBILITY GROWTH” AND THE “BLUE-GREEN”
OCEANS & ISLANDS - A conference for Pacific research
12:00PM - 12:20PM IN PACIFIC RESEARCH ECONOMY IN THE PACIFIC ISLANDS
Questions and Discussion - Melani Anae - Tess Newton Cain
Questions and Discussion Questions and Discussion Questions and Discussion
12:20PM - 12:30PM
12:30PM - 13:30PM Lunch Break
2A 2B 2C 2D
Room: Fale Room: Pasifika Complex Room 107 Room: Pasifika Complex Room 104 Room: Owen G. Glenn Case Room 4
1:30PM - 1:50PM 37 | MAPPING INTRA-REGIONAL 15 | HE TOHU KI TE RANGI - HE TOHU 21 | CHANGING ROLES OF WOMEN IN 43 | SUN, SURF AND SAND: OCEANIA
MIGRANT PATTERNS: KI TE MOANA: RECLAIMING MĀORI THE PACIFIC COUNTRIES TOURISM AND SUSTAINABLE
A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SELECTED NAVIGATION KNOWLEDGE - Nanditha Hettitantri DEVELOPMENT
ISLAND COUNTRIES FROM THE PACIFIC - Haki Tuaupiki - Rukmani Gounder
AND THE CARIBBEAN REGION
54 | “WE ARE VOYAGERS!”: BUILDING A 56 | SMALL SCALE POWER GENERATION
- Khushbu Rai
PACIFIC CRITICAL LEGAL THEORY AND FROM LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS:
24 | LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF NI- TESTING THE WATERS WITH CLIMATE 48 | GENDER EQUALITY AS A A STUDY OF PACIFIC ISLANDS WITH
VANUATU TEMPORARY MIGRANT CHANGE TRANSFORMATIVE RESPONSE TO OPPORTUNITY FOR LPG MICRO POWER
1:50PM - 2:10PM LABOURERS INVOLVED IN NZRSE - Dylan Asafo ENDING VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN GENERATION
- Rochelle-lee Bailey IN SAMOA - Shakil Sanjeev Kumar
- Mercy Ah Siu-Maliko
64 | ARE THERE ONLY WINNERS?: 9 | BUILDING A CULTURALLY RELEVANT 17 | NIUEAN WOMEN AND CLIMATE
LABOUR MARKETS FOR SUSTAINABLE SOCIAL WORK CURRICULUM IN THE CHANGE 10 | TALANOA: A TEACHING AND
DEVELOPMENT IN THE PACIFIC PACIFIC: CONNECTING THE LOCAL AND - Jess Pasisi LEARNING PEDAGOGY TO ADDRESS
29-30 November 2018
2:10PM - 2:30PM - Richard Bedford, Evelyn Marsters GLOBAL THROUGH FIELD EDUCATION. CLIMATE CHANGE ISSUES IN A TONGAN
THE CASE STUDY OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CLASSROOM
PAPUA NEW GUINEA.CT SUBMISSION - Elisapesi Havea
- Dunstan Lawihin
45 | TUAMALAFAKA‘ANGA-LIVING 29 | WHERE IN THE WORLD IS PACIFIC
IN IMITATION OF LIFE BROUGHT BY SOCIAL WORK AT? TOWARDS A REGION- 59 | LITERATURE’S ROLE IN
THE SHIPS: EVALUATION OF LOCAL WIDE STUDY UNDERSTANDING CLIMATE CHANGE:
INDIGENOUS UNDERSTANDING OF - Tracie Mafileo EXPLORING ‘SOLASTAGIA’ AND SENSE
2:30PM - 2:50PM DEVELOPMENT IN THE SOLOMON OF PLACE IN ISLAND OF SHATTERED
ISLANDS DREAMS BY CHANTAL SPITZ
- Adele Norris, Eileen Kwalea, Gauri - Ian Fookes
Nandedkar Questions and Discussion
2:50PM - 3:10PM
OCEANS & ISLANDS - A conference for Pacific research
Questions and Discussion Questions and Discussion Questions and Discussion
3:10PM - 3:30PM
3:30PM - 4:00PM Afternoon Tea
3:30PM - 4:00PM Dr. Jemiama Tiatia-Seath, Ms. Eliza Puna, Ms. Leina Masters
I Page 9
5:00PM Social Function: The Lula Inn
Friday 30 November
10:00AM - 10:15AM Welcome and opening address (Fale Pasifika)
Associate Professor Kabini Sanga
Page 10 |
10:15AM - 10:45AM
10:45AM - 11:15AM Dr. Alisi Holani
11:15AM - 11:45AM Morning Tea Break
3A 3C 3D 3E
Room: Fale Room: Pasifika Complex Room 104 Room: Owen G. Glenn Case Room 4 Room: Owen G. Glenn Case Room 1
11:45AM - 12:05AM 31 | HOW MIGHT A CHOREOGRAPHIC 33 | SEABED MINING AND PATH- 18 | ACCESSING SECURE
1 | GLOBAL ISLANDS PROJECT OR CREATIVE PROCESS EMPOWER DEPENDENCY: REORIENTING PASIFIKA CUSTOMARY LAND FOR COMMERCIAL
- Brad Brace CULTURAL UNDERSTANDING WITHIN DEVELOPMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN PAPUA NEW GUINEA
THE CONTEXT OF DIPLOMACY? - Mona Matepi - Logea Noa
29-30 November 2018
- Xavier M
28 | CULTIVATING AND NURTURING
OPTIMAL HEALTH AND WELLNESS
OF I-KIRIBATI: RESOLUTIONS IN
2 | IMAGINING OCEANIA: SUSTAINABLE ACHIEVEMENT OF UNIVERSITY HEALTH 51 | MARINE WILDLIFE TOURISM IN 41 | RESEARCH TO EXPLORE THE
21:05AM - 12:25AM DEVELOPMENT AND THE GREEN COVERAGE AND SUSTAINABLE THE PACIFIC ISLANDS – THE CASE OF COMMERCIALISATION POTENTIAL OF
GROWTH LEADERS’ COALITION DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND THE KIRBATI SWIMMING WITH TAONGA IN NIUE THE TOKELAUAN INATI SYSTEM
- Aidan Craney GOVERNMENT FOR THE NEXT 20 YEARS - Chantal Pagel - Zechariah Reuelu
(KV20)
- Tareti Ioane Ruaia
39 | PACIFIC STUDENTS WRITING: THEN, 19 | CHURCH LEADERS PERSPECTIVES 42 | CHARACTERIZATION OF 12 | PACIFIC ENVIRONMENTS AND
THERE, HERE, NOW ON VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN IN SECONDARY METABOLITES FROM A EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES: MANAGING
12:25AM - 12:45PM - Alice Te Punga Somerville, Siutu Toa, SAMOA MARINE BACTERIUM ISOLATED FROM LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES
Sau Lefeau, William Nikoia - Melanie Beres SOLOMON ISLANDS SPONGE - Glen Banks
- Wayne Kavora
38 | HOW TO COLLABORATE WITH
OCEANS & ISLANDS - A conference for Pacific research
PACIFIC CHURCHES FOR DEVELOPMENT
12:45PM - 1:05PM RESEARCH Questions and Discussion Questions and Discussion
Questions and Discussion - Rebekah Cochrane
Questions and Discussion
1:05PM - 1:30PM
1:30PM - 2:30PM Lunch Break
4A 4B 4C 4E
Room: Fale Room: Pasifika Complex Room 107 Room: Pasifika Complex Room 104 Room: Owen G. Glenn Case Room 1
2:30PM - 2:50PM 8 | FA’A SAYMORE FROM PROMISED 36 | MANAGING WEALTH IN THE 50 | HOW RESEARCH CAN INFORM 30 | PACIFIC ENVIRONMENTS AND
LAND TO DREAM LAND. PERCEPTIONS PACIFIC QUALIFICATION DEVELOPMENT. THE EXTRACTIVE INDUSTRIES: MANAGING
OF FA’A SAMOA BY NEW ZEALAND BORN - Aaron Drew CASE OF WHALE WATCHING AND LAND AND NATURAL RESOURCES
SAMOANS WHO RESIDE IN BRISBANE TOURISM WORKFORCE DEVELOPMENT - William Ganileo
- Dion Enari IN TONGA
- Semisi Taumoepeau, Anna Addison
4 | BEYOND THE PACIFIC ‘BROWN
GLASS CEILING’: EMPLOYMENT CAREER 6 | THE VALUE OF VANILLA FOR THE 52 | A SAMOAN PERSPECTIVE ON THE 62 | THE SEARCH FOR NEW
CHALLENGES AND STRATEGIES FOR PACIFIC ISLANDS CURRENT LITERACY ASSESSMENT ANTIBIOTICS: EXPERIENCES IN
2:50PM - 3:10PM CONTEMPORARY SAMOAN CEOS AND - Sisikula Sisifa PRACTICES IN NEW ZEALAND PRIMARY BIOPROSPECTING IN THE PACIFIC
SENIOR MANAGERS IN NEW ZEALAND SCHOOLS - Katy Soapi
- Betty Ofe-Grant - Akata Galuvao
29-30 November 2018
55 | THE IMPACT OF TRANSNATIONAL 34 | INDIGENOUS PAPUAN WOMEN 46 | THE ROLE OF ‘ĀIGA IN THE 25 | CONTEMPORARY CONSERVATION
CRIME ON SOCIETY AND SECURITY IN TRADERS: NEGOTIATING SPACE AND SUSTAINABILITY OF THE SAMOAN WORK IN FIJI IS A CONTRIBUTOR
3:10PM - 3:30PM THE PACIFIC ISLANDS PLACE AT WAMANGGU MARKET IN LANGUAGE IN NEW ZEALAND TO EROSION OF THE CULTURALLY
- Jose Sousa-Santos MERAUKE REGENCY, WEST PAPUA - Salainaoloa Wilson PROTECTED AREA
- Veronika Triariyani Kanem - Ron Vave
44 | OPPORTUNITIES AND 11 | STUDY EXPLORED HOW CULTURE
CHALLENGES IN PROMOTING BUSINESS IS UNDERSTOOD AND PRACTICES IN
SUSTAINABILITY PRACTICES IN SAMOA AOGA AMATA
3:30PM - 3:50PM - Fotuosamoa Jody, Jackson-Becerra - Fa’asaulala Tagoilelagi-Leota
Questions and Discussion Questions and Discussion
OCEANS & ISLANDS - A conference for Pacific research
Questions and Discussion Questions and Discussion
3:50PM - 4:15PM
4:15PM - 4:45PM Afternoon Tea
4:45PM - 5:15PM Dr. Tapugao Falefou
I Page 11
5:15PM - 5:45PM Conference closing: Emeritus Professor Richard Bedford
Honourable Carmel Sepuloni Associate Professor Damon Salesa
NZ Minister for Social Development and Disability Issues Pro Vice-Chancellor (Pacific)
NZ Associate Minister for Arts, Culture and Heritage and The University of Auckland
Pacific Peoples
Minister of Social Development, Minister Associate Professor Damon Salesa is
for Disabilities, Associate Minister for a scholar of Pacific politics, history,
Pacific Peoples, Associate Minister for Arts, technology, culture and society. He is
Culture and Heritage. Carmel Sepuloni is of a prizewinning author of works on the
Samoan, Tongan and NZ European decent Pacific, New Zealand race and politics. He
She belongs to the University of Auckland has written or edited a number of books
alumni – having attained a Diploma including Tangata o le Moana (2012) and
Teaching (Primary), and a Bachelor of Island Time: New Zealand’s Pacific Futures
Education respectively. She also holds (2017). His 2012 book Racial Crossings won
a Post Graduate Diploma in Education. the Ernest Scott Prize. He is a graduate
She has also worked as research project of the University of Auckland (MA),
manager in Pacific health at the University and completed his doctorate at Oxford
of Auckland. University where he was the first Pacific
Rhodes Scholar. He taught for a decade at
the University of Michigan, before joining
The University of Auckland where he was
the head of Pacific Studies from 2013-17.
A Samoan born and raised in Glen Innes,
he became Auckland’s Pro Vice Chancellor
(Pacific) in November 2018, the first Pro
Vice Chancellor (Pacific) in New Zealand.
Page 12 | OCEANS & ISLANDS - A conference for Pacific research OCEANS & ISLANDS - A conference for Pacific research I Page 13
29-30 November 2018 29-30 November 2018
Dr. David Welchman Gegeo Indigenous Science and Metro-centrist Science in
Office of Research and Postgraduate Studies
Knowledge-Construction in the Pacific: Towards
Solomon Islands National University De-colonizing Epistemic Ignorance
Dr. David Welchman Gegeo hails from a According to internationally renowned indigenous Maori scholar, Professor
small rural village in the Solomon Islands. Linda Tuhiwai Smith, the word ‘research’ is one of the dirtiest and most
He attended university in the U.S.A. where outrage-provoking words in the vocabulary of indigenous peoples around
he successfully completed a B.A in Cultural the world (2005). This has to do largely with the fact that it was through
and Linguistic Anthropology; an M.S in research that indigenous communities around the world were stereotyped and
Mass Communication and Public Relations; physically and psychologically subjected to all manners of heinous treatment
and a Ph.D in Political Science and Political since Anglo-European contact.
Philosophy. As an interdisciplinary While not disagreeing with Professor Tuhiwai Smith, in this paper I
academic Dr. Gegeo’s research and propound a different yet related line of argument which is to de-colonize a
teaching interests cover a wide spectrum misconception or epistemic ignorance long-held by a great number of metro-
of subjects which include Indigenous/ centrist academics that ‘research’ was introduced into indigenous communities
Pacific Epistemology; Indigenous Research around the world by Anglo-European researchers and hence is legitimately
Methodology; Indigenous Philosophy an activity of metro-centric science only. There is a denial, in other words,
and Ethics; Indigenous Relational of indigenous communities around the world ever engaging in research as
Hermeneutics; Indigenous Conflict the primary activity of knowledge-construction. Herein is the source of the
Resolution; Indigenous Good Governance; attitude of a great many researchers to disregard indigenous ethical principles
Indigenous Social Ontology; Indigenous when conducting research in Pacific Island communities. In the paper I argue
Semiotics; Epistemic and Political De- quite strongly to the contrary that ‘research’ had always been practised albeit
colonization; Indigenous Theocracy; in culturally-determined different ways by indigenous communities around
Ethical Development; Gender Equality; the world before Anglo-European contact but had been dismissed by Anglo-
Kastom/Cultural Resilience; Revitalization European epistemic colonization.
of Pacific Languages; Sociology of The central argument of the paper is to give full recognition to indigenous
Knowledge; and Third World Politics. ethical principles that guide the social construction of knowledge in Pacific
He has for some 40 years taught courses Island communities. When researchers abide by the indigenous ethical
in Linguistics, Multicultural Education, principles of conducting research in the Pacific, not only will the ever-present
Indigenous Pacific Epistemology, Research tension between researchers and Pacific communities diminish but knowledge
Methodology, Globalization and Change, can also be counted on as being constructed in a principled and honest manner.
Ethical Development and Pacific Cultures at It can therefore be applied without reservation as to its ethical and epistemic
both the undergraduate and powstgraduate credibility. ‘Research’ generally can thus be seen not as a ‘dirty’ word but rather
levels in the U.S.A, New Zealand and as a respected epistemic activity through which knowledge can be gained to
Fiji respectively. Dr. Gegeo has recently answer some of the many challenges facing Pacific Island communities today.
returned home to the Solomon Islands Data informing the paper come from my on-going research on indigenous
where he holds a research position in the epistemology, methodology and ontology and development in the Pacific.
Office of Research and Postgraduate Studies
at the Solomon Islands National University.
Page 14 | OCEANS & ISLANDS - A conference for Pacific research OCEANS & ISLANDS - A conference for Pacific research I Page 15
29-30 November 2018 29-30 November 2018
Professor Kapua’ala Sproat Combatting Global Warming in Hawaiʻi:
Professor of Law
Native Hawaiians and the Indigenous Right to
University of Hawai’i Environmental Self-Determination
Kapua’ala Sproat is a Professor of Law at the This keynote explores indigenous peoples’ proactive responses to the
University of Hawai’i’s Richardson School deleterious impacts of global warming. It proffers a restorative justice
of Law and the Director of Ka Huli Ao framework emanating from local legal regimes to more fully claim and realize
Center for Excellence in Native Hawaiian the indigenous right to environmental self-determination in the context of
Law. Ka Huli Ao is an academic center global warming. More specifically, it examines Native Hawaiians’ potential
that promotes education, scholarship, deployment of local laws that embody restorative justice principles to fashion
community outreach, and collaboration on meaningful remedies for colonialism’s longstanding environmental and
issues of law, culture, and justice for Native cultural damage. This notion of restorative justice is imperative because it links
Hawaiians and other Pacific and Indigenous environmental justice for native peoples to principles of self-determination.
Peoples. Professor Sproat also directs the Preeminent Native American legal scholar Rebecca Tsosie opens the door to
law school’s Environmental Law Clinic and an indigenous right to environmental self-determination by framing global
teaches courses in Native Hawaiian and warming as an environmental justice issue for native peoples and implicating
environmental law. Her areas of scholarship the international human right of self-determination as crucial to addressing
and interest include Native Hawaiian law, it. In this context, the question is: as a matter of environmental justice for
indigenous rights, water law, climate justice, indigenous peoples, do state and local governments have an affirmative
the public trust doctrine, and natural resource restorative justice obligation to address the deleterious impacts of global
protection and management. warming? And, if so, what does that obligation look like?
Page 16 | OCEANS & ISLANDS - A conference for Pacific research OCEANS & ISLANDS - A conference for Pacific research I Page 17
29-30 November 2018 29-30 November 2018
Leina Tucker-Masters Young, female, and brown: the stories of three
Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences
Pacific women undertaking research at university
The University of Auckland
Leina Tucker-Masters is a medical student at
the Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences,
Abstract: This keynote speech canvasses the journeys of three Pacific women
finishing her Honours year in Medical
researchers throughout their academic careers. The perspectives of an
Sciences. She is of Samoan descent, and
undergraduate researcher, postgraduate researcher, and Pacific academic are
is interested in youth mental wellbeing,
presented as snapshots of the Pacific research experience. The three stories will
and improving health outcomes for Pacific
showcase how Pacific research has the power to impact policy, practice, and
peoples. She is currently investigating mental
Pacific ways forward.
health challenges among Pacific university
students in New Zealand.
Eliza T Puna Dr. Jemaima Tiatia-Seath
Phd C andidate, Pacific Studies Head of Pacific Studies (Acting)
The University of Auckland The University of Auckland
Eliza Puna is a Cook Islander and currently Jemaima Tiatia-Seath is currently Co-Head
a Ph.D. Candidate with Pacific Studies, of School and Head of Pacific Studies (Acting),
Te Wānanga o Waipapa, School of Māori Te Wānanga o Waipapa, School of Māori
Studies and Pacific Studies, University of Studies and Pacific Studies, University of
Auckland. Previous to her doctoral studies Auckland. She is of Samoan descent and has
she completed a Health Science degree and a community/public health background. She
Masters of Public Health. Her Masters of is one of six panelists on the government’s
Public Health thesis examined NZ-born Mental Health and Addiction Inquiry. Her
Cook Islands young peoples’ views towards research interests include: mental health,
positive mental wellbeing and suicide Pacific suicide prevention and postvention,
prevention. Currently, her doctoral research youth development, Pacific health and
continues to build and look at Cook Islands wellbeing and inequities and inequalities in
island-born young people with the hope to health.
progressively contribute to the long-term
goal of improving mental wellbeing and
suicidal behaviours amongst young Cook
Islands people by focussing and utilizing a
strengths-based approach.
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29-30 November 2018 29-30 November 2018Associate Professor Kabini Sanga Pacific research frontiering
Victoria University of Wellington
From Victoria University, Wellington was Likened to a new frontier, the emerging indigenous Pacific research represents
the former Director and Chief Executive an uncharted territory; beckoning and inviting exploration. In this tok stori,
Officer of the Solomon Islands College I adopt a wisdom perspective to explore the advocacy, developmental and
of Higher Education; the premier state transformational frontiers of indigenous Pacific research. In doing so, I offer
tertiary institution in the country. Kabini ideas on patterns, concerns, opportunities and possible futures for indigenous
has also held leadership positions in Pacific research and intellectual frontiering.
teacher education (Head of School),
Ministry of Education (Chief Education
Officer-Director) and secondary schools
(as Principal and Deputy Principal) in
Solomon Islands. He has been a consultant
for Solomon Islands government and
international aid agencies over a number
of years. He is involved with a number of
research projects.
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29-30 November 2018 29-30 November 2018Dr. Alisi Holani Bridging the Policy-Research Gap in the Pacific –
Deputy CEO of the Ministry of Commerce,
Insights from labour mobility negotiations in the
Consumer Trade, Innovation and Labour Tonga PACER Plus
Dr. ‘Alisi Kautoke-Holani is the Deputy CEO Labour mobility presents one of the few viable opportunities for sustainable
of the Ministry of Commerce, Consumer, development in most Pacific Forum Island Countries (FICs). For these island
Trade, Innovation and Labour (MCCTIL) in economies, trade integration is particularly essential for sustainable development
Tonga where she leads policy development and labour mobility has been proposed as one of the region’s greatest gain from
work in the areas of business development, international trade. The PACER Plus Agreement presented an opportunity
trade, foreign investment, consumer to increase and secure these gains and was touted as the most important
protection and labour policy. In her 13 trade agreement for the Pacific. However, the labour mobility outcomes of
years of employment with the Ministry, the Agreement, signed in 2017, may have not lived up to the development
Dr. Kautoke-Holani has been involved in expectations of Pacific leaders when the negotiations began in 2009.
trade policy deliberations and negotiations
of Free Trade Agreements such as the The limited success of labour mobility negotiations in the PACER Plus can be
PACER Plus and the Economic Partnership attributed to many factors but as a Pacific trade policy analyst, the questions
Agreement (EPA) with the EU. She has also that I have asked have been more on “what could the Pacific have done better?”,
contributed to the development of national “could we have achieved better outcomes if research was better integrated into
sector plans including for private sector the formulation of our regional positions and negotiation approaches?”. My
development and tourism development in contemplation of these questions has only confirmed that there is a prominent
Tonga. Since the beginning of October 2018, Dr. Kautoke-Holani has been divide between policy and research in the Pacific. This gap, as in the case
engaged by the Ministry of Internal Affairs in Tonga to develop the country’s of the PACER Plus, can have serious negative development impacts on our
first national Labour Mobility Policy and roadmap for labour mobility policy small island countries and therefore warrants immediate attention by both
reforms over the next five years. Dr. Kautoke-Holani undertook her PhD researchers and policy makers in our region.
studies at the University of Adelaide in Australia where her research was on the
roles of the PACER Plus and the Seasonal Worker Program in enhancing the
economic development impact of labour mobility in Pacific sending countries.
Based on her research, she has been engaged in the policy dialogue on labour
mobility in the PACER Plus, including presentations at the recent 2018 Pacific
Annual Meeting on Labour Mobility in Honiara, Solomon Islands. Dr. Holani
completed a Masters of Public Policy from Massey University (NZ) and a BA
International Relations (International Economics) from the International
Christian University (Tokyo, Japan), where her research was focused on
agricultural export development and trade policy.
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29-30 November 2018 29-30 November 2018Dr Tapugao Falefou Professor Richard (Dick) Bedford
Permanent Secretary Acting Director
Government of Tuvalu New Zealand Institute for Pacific Research
Is a permanent secretary of Government of Tuvalu and has a Ph.D in climate QSO, FRSNZ is Emeritus Professor at the
change from the University of Waikato. He earlier graduated with a Master University of Waikato and the Auckland
in International Public Policy and Master of Diplomacy from the Australian University of Technology and Acting
National University (ANU), Australia in 2010, and Bachelor of Laws and Director of the New Zealand Institute
Bachelor of Arts in Public Administration and Management from the University for Pacific Research. He is a population
of the South Pacific (USP) in 2002. He has been Permanent Secretary in the geographer who specialises in migration
Government of Tuvalu for more than ten years at the Ministry of Foreign research and since the mid-1960s he has
Affairs, Ministry of Communication and Transport, Ministry of Education and been researching processes of population
Sports. Also, served as Senior Assistant Secretary (Deputy to the CEO) in the movement and demographic change in the
Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning for about five years. Asia-Pacific region. He is currently chair
of the Governance Group for the Building
Better Homes, Towns and Cities National
Science Challenge, a member of the Trust
Boards of the Auckland War Memorial
Museum and the Antarctic Heritage
Trust, and an adviser to the New Zealand
Immigration Service’s Pacifica Labour and
Skills Unit on labour mobility issues.
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29-30 November 2018 29-30 November 2018Session 1A Session 1A
3. The geopolitical imperatives of New Zealand’s Pacific reset 53. The catalogue as a cultural practice: Insights from an
outsider
Anna Powles1
1
Massey University, Penelope Aitken1
Analysis & Policy Observatory
1
The New Zealand government’s “Pacific Reset” is the country’s most
significant shift in foreign policy towards the Pacific Islands region in decades. Since its launch in October 2017, the NZIPR-supported Pacific Research
Acknowledging the domestic policy setting imperatives that are key drivers Collection on APO has grown to include nearly 1000 resources. The collection
for the Pacific Reset, this paper is concerned with the external geopolitical contains digitised documents, government records, research reports,
considerations that have undeniably influenced the Pacific Reset, namely the postgraduate theses and more from the islands of the Pacific Ocean and
key question arguably at the heart of Minister Peters’ speech launching the diaspora communities in New Zealand, Australia and beyond. As a repository
policy in March 2018: “How does New Zealand fit into the new regional order?” for the New Zealand Institute for Pacific Research, the collection aims to play
The growing influence of external actors, including China, has resulted in an a key role in disseminating public policy information by researchers of, and
increasingly contested neighbourhood. Of equal importance, yet frequently in, the Pacific to inform government and non-government organisations, the
overlooked by those engaged in the region, is the emergence of a paradigm media and civil society.
shift in Pacific diplomacy and notable sub-regional dynamics, which are A year into the collection’s life is a good time to audit its content as well as
reshaping the regional order. the way that content is catalogued. Does the collection, in fact, represent
This paper will examine the two key external factors driving the Pacific Reset, public policy-related research relevant to the islands of the Pacific and Pasifika
namely: (1) the critical shifts within the Pacific Islands regional order including communities in New Zealand and Australia? Are the resources discoverable by
the nexus between the proposed Biketawa Plus security declaration and wider these communities and by policy makers seeking to comprehend the specific
Indo-Asia-Pacific security trends; and (2) the rising strategic anxiety that the and general needs of these communities? Is the vocabulary relevant and are
Pacific is an increasingly contested strategic environment. The paper will offer the “right” researchers being collected? APO editor Penelope Aitken has been
findings into how New Zealand is responding to these factors within the Pacific involved in developing the collection from the outset but from a position
Reset policy context and the implications of New Zealand’s response(s) for the well outside this field of expertise. In this talk she seeks to turn the collection
Pacific region. inside out to check the seams, and test its structures. Through visualisations of
This paper is based on a book project examining the New Zealand Pacific Reset the collection’s taxonomies, Aitken will demonstrate the current shape of the
funded by Massey University and Victoria University Press (to be published by collection and ask if potential contributors could imagine future incarnations.
VUW Press in 2019).
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29-30 November 2018 29-30 November 2018Session 1A Session 1B
32. Pacific Media Centre: Driving an innovative journalism 63. Exploring a Pacific indigenous/Pasifika ethics of
research and publication strategy research and care: Working from a community
perspective and developing a community network
David Robie1
1
Pacific Media Centre, Auckland University of Technology Fuimaono Karl Pulotu-Endemann1, Tamasailau Suaalii-Sauni1,
and Tracie Mafileo 1
In March 2017, the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme 1
Pacific Ethics of Research and Care (PERC) Network Committee representatives
(SPREP) launched a new 10-year Strategic Plan 2017-2026, which regards
climate change as a “deeply troubling issue for the environmental, economic, Indigenous research paradigms have drawn on specific understandings of
and social viability of Pacific Island countries and territories”. indigenous community, and of indigenous community knowledge and ethics.
In November, Fiji co-hosted the UN Framework Convention on Climate This presentation explores the question of a Pacific indigenous or Pasifika
Change (COP23) climate change conference in Bonn, Germany, and integrated ethics of research and care, working from what we describe as ‘a community
talanoa into the consultation process. Against this background, the Pacific Media perspective’. We argue that there is a disconnect between the emphases of
Centre has developed a collaborative research and publication strategy aimed current care and research profession models of research and care, and Pacific
at “mainstreaming” critical Pacific issues such as climate change adaptation, indigenous/Pasifika models. This disconnect is epistemological in orientation
regional governance and self-determination in New Zealand media education and is present systemically, culturally and personally. We draw on examples
through a series of award-winning postgraduate journalism multimedia of this dissonance and disconnect from the fields of Pacific healthcare and
projects ranging from “bearing witness” focused on climate crisis, and “talanoa health research, Pacific education and educational research, Pacific social
journalism”, to the publishing of an independent website, Asia Pacific Report. work and social work research, Pacific youth justice and youth justice research,
highlighting the growing need for a multi-inter-disciplinary network of Pacific
indigenous/Pasifika community researchers that can strengthen bridges
between different Pasifika care modalities and research methodologies, and
between Pasifika and non-Pasifika models of care, research and ethics.
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29-30 November 2018 29-30 November 2018Session 1B Session 1B
20. Beyond the decolonisation of research 49. Teu le va: Relational accountability and responsibility
in Pacific research
Mona Matepi1
1
Department of Pacific Affairs, College of Asia Pacific Studies, Australian National Melani Anae1
University, The University of Auckland
1
Underlying tensions due to contrasts in Pasifika and Western research traditions In recent years there has been a renaissance of Pacific research methodologies
is the bane of students of Pacific studies. How to reconcile these tensions in a (PRM) and Pacific relational ethics (PRE) taken up by Pacific researchers based in
diverse global epistemic community requires a re-examination of the network New Zealand and the wider Pacific to counter the Western hegemonic tradition
of concepts that inform traditional or Western paradigms of research and of how research is carried out and why – especially research involving Pacific
indigenous knowledge systems. This paper advances contemporary attempts people, families and communities. In the diaspora, as ethnic minorities, and in
to decolonise research, then suggests progressive steps beyond decolonising their island homes, as Third World nations, Pacific peoples and communities
models. It discusses the development of a more integrative approach that are struggling to survive in contexts of diasporic social marginalisation, and
enables the diffusion of power dynamics that suppress relevant knowledge. a neo-colonial globalising West. So, there is a need to take stock of what
Like the proponents of Pasifika-oriented research methodologies, it holds contemporary expressions of PRM and PRE are, how they have developed, and
that research about/involving indigenous peoples in the Pacific or elsewhere why they are needed now more than ever. This renaissance seeks to decolonise
ought to be predicated on their ways of knowing, of aspiring to know, and of and re-indigenise research agendas and research outputs by doing research
creating knowledge, for the researcher to find truth. The debate on cultural based on Pacific indigenous theories, PRM, and PRE. It demands that research
relativism is further discussed as a basis for evaluating the merits of cultural carried out on Pacific peoples and communities is ethical, methodologically
diversity and practices that enhance or violate spiritual truths. The implication sound, with transformational outputs. In reality, the crisis in Pacific research
on multiculturalism as a requisite of global integration is interrogated in this is the continuing adherence to traditional Western theories, and research
attempt to articulate an epistemological turn in education about the region.
methods which undermine and overshadow the va – the sacred, spiritual
The paper advocates a greater emphasis on the intellectual convergence of and social spaces of human relationships between researcher and researched
Pacific and Western research traditions as an evolutionary approach towards that Pacific peoples place at the centre of all human/environment/cosmos/
an all-inclusive paradigm that is distinctly multicultural in its approach. ancestors, animate/inanimate interactions
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29-30 November 2018 29-30 November 2018Session 1C Session 1C
5. How do we address the “wicked” challenge posed by principles of reciprocity and respect, PAR allows a collaborative approach to
research which involves positioning “participants” as co-researchers to work in
Pacific food systems in relation to Pacific peoples’ health? partnership with academic researchers. This innovative marriage maximises
the “action” element of PAR, and the tendency towards using multimedia,
R Cammock1, Cath Conn1, G Faesen Kloet1, K Ford1 visual methods of data collection, within a Pacific epistemological worldview.
1
Auckland University of Technology The study outlines a framework that incorporates the four stages of the
PAR cycle within talanoa parameters. These are veiwekani or relationship
Pacific communities have been shown to have a low consumption of fresh building, talanoa or storytelling, rai lesu or reflection and evaluation, and vei
vegetables and fruits. Meta-analysis, looking at vegetable and fruit intake and wasei (veitokoni) or sharing knowledge and support. Where appropriate, we
mortality risk, found that increasing intake to 8–10 portions daily, as part of a incorporate local Fijian social norms and cultural competencies and make
healthy lifestyle, leads to significant reductions in premature death from non- adjustments to the PAR process accordingly. We emphasise the importance
communicable diseases (NCDs). of identifying common elements within each methodological approach and
Globally, food systems are complex and multifaceted, with a range of actors. building on shared principles throughout the research process.
Given the role of food in the onset of NCDs, this makes for a “wicked” challenge.
A critical policy review on vegetable and fruit eating in the context of Pacific
food systems was undertaken to explore current knowledge. The review
methodology involved a bibliographic exploration using a pragmatic scoping
16. Wayfinding tertiary dance as a young Pasifika man
strategy of key concepts to identify appropriate published and institutional
Jazz ‘Ofamo’oni1,
sources. The findings of the review include themes of urbanisation and the 1
The University of Auckland
introduction of processed foods; the heavy marketing of foods high in sugar
and salt; and scant commercial marketing of healthy foods, such as vegetables
Dance remains a contested site within New Zealand tertiary institutes,
and fruit. However, there are notable gaps in knowledge on this important
as diverse pedagogical approaches seek to address the decolonisation of
issue, including the lack of research on the role of “big food”; ways of promoting
knowledge within a Pasifika context (Buck & Rowe, 2015). This contestation
an ethical and appropriate food system in local contexts, particularly in the
inevitably influences Pasifika students’ educational/career decisions, affecting
Pacific; and the medicalisation of NCD control creating significant barriers to
considerations over how, where, and why they might enrol in tertiary dance.
understanding and addressing change to the food system environment.
The research question: “How might Pasifika cultural values related to family,
affect young Pasifika men’s attitudes before enrolling in, and during tertiary
dance education in Auckland?” examines challenges expressed by Pasifika men
22. Using Talanoa epistemology and participatory action entering, continuing, and completing a tertiary dance degree, whilst staying
research with young entrepreneurs in healthy eating aligned with their Pasifika cultural family values, pressures and expectations.
enterprises in Suva, Fiji
Laurent Antonczak1, Radilaite Cammock1, Cath Conn1, Losi Sa’uLilo1
1
Auckland University of Technology
This study addresses fruit and vegetable enterprises among young Fijian
entrepreneurs, using a methodological framework that brings together
participatory action research (PAR) methods and talanoa epistemology.
The use of PAR methodology and talanoa principles is a recognition of the
collaborative and Pacific-centric context of the project. Similar to talanoa
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29-30 November 2018 29-30 November 2018Session 1D Session 1D
61. Renewable energy and resilience: Kiribati and Samoa 60. Transforming climate mobility policy spaces –
The case of the Cook Islands attention to actors and
Ian Shearer1, Dr Maryanne Teariki1, Dr Ramona Tiatia1
1
University of Otago policy attentions
The small island developing states (SIDS) of the Pacific are undergoing Christina Newport1,
significant change as they seek to become more sustainable and resilient to risks University of Auckland
1
and disturbances from natural disasters and the effects of climate change. As
a key component of sustainable development, Kiribati and Samoa have made Based on the findings of my PhD research, how the Cook Islands has attended
commitments under the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to the emerging issue of climate change mobility is presented. Drawing upon
to increase the proportion of their populations who have access to clean and oceanic thinking (Steinberg, 2001) and indigenous Pacific traditions, the
sustainable sources of energy and to reduce their dependence on fossil fuels. vaka moana – double outrigger voyaging canoe – was used as a metaphor
Consistent with these objectives, and with increasing donor assistance in the to inform the research approach to examine the Cook Islands policy spaces’
region, both Kiribati and Samoa have invested in new forms of renewable attention to climate-change-induced displacement, relocation and migration.
energy sources. These include the use of solar PV, wind, bioenergy and hydro (in In this way it was possible to identify the taken-for-granted and unchallenged
Samoa). To understand the challenges and types of investment that will improve narratives about island-state policy spaces, sovereignty and mobilities. The
the socio-economic outcomes of their citizens, a wide range of stakeholders were research found there was limited understanding about the relationship
interviewed in Kiribati and Samoa. While diverse on many fronts, renewable between climate change and human mobility among policy actors. It also
energy was considered by stakeholders in both countries as the way of the found that government policy frameworks and institutional arrangements
future, as a way of improving socio-economic outcomes for the most vulnerable in addressing climate change and human mobility have developed unevenly
households and communities, and as a way of managing risks and improving over time. This is due in part to the predominance of depopulation as the
resilience. In particular, access to clean and sustainable sources of energy were key development issue that the country faces. However, it is possible to bring
seen as being critical in improving education, health, and safety outcomes for to the surface submerged contemporary and indigenous interpretations
women, children, and youth, who typically bear the brunt of energy poverty. about Cook Islanders’ mobility and how government policy actors can make
Notwithstanding these benefits and despite their diversity, both Kiribati and use of contemporary interpretations of sovereignty and policy space. This
Samoa face a number of common challenges, including dealing with rapid makes it possible for policy actors to engage in addressing climate mobility
urbanisation and capacity constraints. In Kiribati, these challenges have become concerns with a more nuanced approach based on dynamic understandings
increasingly complicated as a result of extremely high population densities of sovereignty, indigenous understandings of social networks, obligations and
in South Tarawa, inadequate infrastructure, and environmental degradation, mobility along with indigenous actor capacities in navigating complex and
due to climate change (rising sea levels) and other anthropogenic impacts. In multiple encounters of policy spaces. In this regard, it is possible ‘to island’
Samoa, risks from extreme climatic events and natural disasters have led to (Teaiawa, 2007) policy approaches to existential threats like climate change in
increased levels of resilience-building led by governance strengthening and the ways that make “island sense” (Puna, 2013) for oceanic states and communities.
dissemination of key information to communities. The report puts forward a
small number of renewable energy initiatives that have the potential to improve
sustainable development and resilience in both countries and strengthen the
robustness of their energy sectors.
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29-30 November 2018 29-30 November 2018Session 1D Session 1D
58. Ocean cities: Adapting sustainable urban development 57. What’s in a term? “Green growth” and the “blue-
to island systems green” economy in the Pacific Islands
Luke Kiddle1, Tess Newton Cain1, Matthew Dornan1, Sandra Tarte2, Wesley Morgan2
1
Victoria University of Wellington 1
Development Policy Centre, ANU, 2School of Government, Development & International
Affairs, University of the South Pacific
Outside of PNG, 90% of the Pacific’s population live within five kilometres of
the ocean. The unique nature of human settlement in the region calls for a new The term green growth and its sister concepts, blue-green growth, the green
approach to sustainable urban development. Recognising the needs of rapidly economy, and the blue-green economy, have gained considerable traction in
urbanising Pacific Island developing states, the United Nations Economic and the Pacific Island region in a short space of time. Pacific Island governments,
Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) has recently launched a regional organisations, and development agencies all use the terms, which
new initiative to develop an integrated-policy approach for ocean-focused originate outside of the Pacific. What (and who) has driven the adoption of
climate-responsive urban development adapted to island systems. The green-growth terminology within the region? How has its usage in the region
concept of ocean cities – launched at the Asia-Pacific Day for the Ocean on 20 mirrored international usage? This paper presents findings from research on
November in Bangkok – promotes an interconnected application of marine the vernacularisation of green-growth terminology in Fiji and Vanuatu. We
spatial planning, nature-based solutions, land-use practices and other measures find a contested policy space, where Pacific actors deploy competing meanings
that enhance inclusive urban resilience in coastal settlements and islands. For of green-growth terms in ways that both reflect their world views and support
ocean cities, renaturing urban development so that it is ocean focused and their agendas. This diversity has helped to underpin the rapid spread of green-
climate resilient, is premised not only on social, cultural and environmental growth terminology in the region, while differentiating it from international
considerations but also on maintaining ecological processes and ecosystem usage.
services supported by the ocean, so they may be protected and sustained for
future generations.
The paper will introduce the oceans cities concept and update on progress –
including profiling the draft ocean cities policy guide developed for the region,
which is expected to be finalised ahead of the planned Pacific Urban Forum in
early 2019.
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29-30 November 2018 29-30 November 2018Session 2A Session 2A
37. Mapping intra-regional migrant patterns: 24. Longitudinal study of ni-Vanuatu temporary migrant
A comparative study of selected island countries from labourers involved in NZRSE
the Pacific and the Caribbean region
Rochelle-lee Bailey1
1
Australian National University
Khushbu Rai1
1
The University of the South Pacific
This paper highlights a longitudinal study of ni-Vanuatu temporary migrant
labourers involved in New Zealand’s Recognised Seasonal Employer Scheme
With a rooted history of intra-regional mobility, this study begins by setting
(RSE) that was established 30 April 2007. The RSE scheme was a grower-initiated
the stage and over-viewing the reasons for the movement of the early migrants
policy and the objectives were two-fold: to fill the labour gaps of the horticulture
in the Pacific and Caribbean Island countries. Against this backdrop, the study
and viticulture sectors and, at the same time, as promoted by New Zealand
explores the contrasting contemporary patterns in intra-regional mobility
government officials, provide a way forward for economic development in the
using the most recently available migrant stock database (UN Department
Pacific region, via remittances sent home. With a lack of waged employment
of Economic & Social Affairs, Population Division, 2015) and country census
opportunities at home, many in the Pacific region perceive the RSE as an
statistics. This study exhibits how the intensity of migration as well as the
additional source of income that can meet individual and community needs.
distribution of migrants have transformed over time for the small island
As part of a longitudinal study, (2007–2018) I followed the lives ni-Vanuatu
nations within each region. It also provides plausible arguments, supported
seasonal workers, their employers, families, and communities, whether they
by data analysis, for these changing trends. Conventional literature supports
continued in the scheme or not. This paper discusses changes, challenges and
the idea that existing regional networks and alliances have largely facilitated
opportunities over the past 11 years and makes recommendations on issues
intra-regional mobility previously. However, despite numerous arrangements
that should be considered in the future. Overall this research argues that the
(discussed in depth within the paper), in practice, there exist tensions amongst
positive impacts from participation in labour mobility schemes outweigh
member countries which appear to create administrative bureaucracy and
negative consequences. Nonetheless, impacts both in New Zealand and Pacific
strategical procedural delays. The Vanuatu Chamber of Commerce is one
participating countries should be constantly monitored.
case study which exemplified the chaos between partner countries in the
Pacific. In this respect, the GATS framework is scrutinised to clarify regional
commitments. There are apparent gaps which are detected and discussed
from the GATS annex itself. Nonetheless, apart from these coordinated pacts,
this study provides a new angle on why heavy intra-regional migration still
persists. Empirically, the paper proves that the migration hump phenomenon
holds for the Pacific Island countries. Furthermore, potential bi-directional
links subsist between intra-regional trade vis-à-vis intra-regional mobility.
The paper brings forth this pertinent regional relationship and its influence on
shifting migrant patterns.
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