NEBRASKA SCIENCE STANDARDS - Grades K-12 301 Centennial Mall South Lincoln, Nebraska 68509-4987
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301 Centennial Mall South Lincoln, Nebraska 68509-4987 NEBRASKA SCIENCE STANDARDS Grades K-12 Adopted by the Nebraska State Board of Education October 6, 2010
Adopted 10-6-10 SC K-12.1 Comprehensive Science Standard – Inquiry, the Nature of Science, and Technology Students will combine scientific processes and knowledge with scientific reasoning and critical thinking to ask questions about phenomena and propose explanations based on gathered evidence. 1. Inquiry, the Nature of Grade Band Standards Science, and Technology K-2 3-5 6-8 9-12 SC2.1.1 Students will ask SC5.1.1 Students will plan SC8.1.1 Students will design SC12.1.1 Students will design questions and conduct and conduct investigations and conduct investigations and conduct investigations 1. Abilities to do investigations that lead to that lead to the development that will lead to descriptions of that lead to the use of logic Scientific Inquiry observations and of explanations. relationships between and evidence in the communication of findings. evidence and explanations. formulation of scientific explanations and models. Scientific Questioning SC2.1.1.a Ask questions that SC5.1.1.a Ask testable SC8.1.1.a Formulate testable SC12.1.1.a Formulate a relate to a science topic scientific questions questions that lead to testable hypothesis supported predictions and scientific by prior knowledge to guide investigations an investigation Scientific Investigations SC2.1.1.b Conduct simple SC5.1.1.b Plan and conduct SC8.1.1.b Design and SC12.1.1.b Design and investigations investigations and identify conduct logical and sequential conduct logical and sequential factors that have the potential investigations including scientific investigations with to impact an investigation repeated trials repeated trials and apply findings to new investigations Scientific Controls and SC8.1.1.c Determine controls SC12.1.1.c Identify and Variables and use dependent manage variables and (responding) and independent constraints (manipulated) variables Scientific Tools SC2.1.1.c Select and use SC5.1.1.c Select and use SC8.1.1.d Select and use SC12.1.1.d Select and use simple tools appropriately equipment correctly and equipment appropriate to the lab equipment and accurately investigation, demonstrate technology appropriately and correct techniques accurately Scientific Observations SC2.1.1.d Describe objects, SC5.1.1.d Make relevant SC8.1.1.e Make qualitative SC12.1.1.e Use tools and organisms, or events using observations and and quantitative observations technology to make detailed pictures, words, and numbers measurements qualitative and quantitative observations Scientific Data Collection SC2.1.1.e Collect and record SC5.1.1.e Collect and SC8.1.1.f Record and SC12.1.1.f Represent and observations organize data represent data appropriately review collected data in a and review for quality, systematic, accurate, and accuracy, and relevancy objective manner 1
Adopted 10-6-10 1. Inquiry, the Nature of Grade Band Standards Science, and Technology K-2 3-5 6-8 9-12 Scientific Interpretations, SC5.1.1.f Develop a SC8.1.1.g Evaluate SC12.1.1.g Analyze and Reflections, and Applications reasonable explanation based predictions, draw logical interpret data, synthesize on collected data inferences based on observed ideas, formulate and evaluate patterns/relationships, and models, and clarify concepts account for non-relevant and explanations information SC12.1.1.h Use results to verify or refute a hypothesis SC12.1.1.i Propose and/or evaluate possible revisions and alternate explanations Scientific Communication SC2.1.1.f Use drawings and SC5.1.1.g Share information, SC8.1.1.h Share information, SC12.1.1.j Share information, words to describe and share procedures, and results with procedures, results, and procedures, results, observations with others peers and/or adults conclusions with appropriate conclusions, and defend audiences findings to a scientific community (peers, science fair audience, policy makers) SC5.1.1.h Provide feedback SC8.1.1.i Analyze and SC12.1.1.k Evaluate scientific on scientific investigations provide appropriate critique of investigations and offer scientific investigations revisions and new ideas as appropriate Mathematics SC2.1.1.g Use appropriate SC5.1.1.i Use appropriate SC8.1.1.j Use appropriate SC12.1.1.l Use appropriate mathematics in all aspects of mathematics in all aspects of mathematics in all aspects of mathematics in all aspects of scientific inquiry scientific inquiry scientific inquiry scientific inquiry 2
Adopted 10-6-10 1. Inquiry, the Nature of Grade Band Standards Science, and Technology K-2 3-5 6-8 9-12 SC5.1.2 Students will SC8.1.2 Students will apply SC12.1.2 Students will apply the describe how scientists go the nature of science to their nature of scientific knowledge to 2. Nature of Science about their work. own investigations. their own investigations and in the evaluation of scientific explanations. Scientific Knowledge SC5.1.2.a Recognize that SC8.1.2.a Recognize science SC12.1.2.a Recognize that scientific explanations are is an ongoing process and the scientific explanations must be based on evidence and scientific community accepts open to questions, possible scientific knowledge and uses explanations until modifications, and must be they encounter new based upon historical and current experimental evidence not scientific knowledge matching existing explanations Science and Society SC5.1.2.b Recognize that SC8.1.2.b Describe how SC12.1.2.b Describe how society new discoveries are always scientific discoveries influence influences the work of scientists being made which impact and change society and how science, technology, scientific knowledge and current scientific discoveries influence and change society Science as a Human SC5.1.2.c Recognize many SC8.1.2.c Recognize SC12.1.2.c Recognize that the Endeavor different people study science scientists from various work of science results in cultures have made many incremental advances, almost contributions to explain the always building on prior natural world knowledge, in our understanding of the world SC12.1.2.d Research and describe the difficulties experienced by scientific innovators who had to overcome commonly held beliefs of their times to reach conclusions that we now take for granted 3
Adopted 10-6-10 1. Inquiry, the Nature of Grade Band Standards Science, and Technology K-2 3-5 6-8 9-12 SC5.1.3 Students will solve a SC8.1.3 Students will solve a SC12.1.3 Students will solve a 3. Technology simple design problem. design problem which involves complex design problem. one or two science concepts. Abilities to do Technical SC5.1.3.a Identify a simple SC8.1.3.a Identify problems for Design problem technical design SC5.1.3.b Propose a solution SC8.1.3.b Design a solution or SC12.1.3.a Propose designs and to a simple problem product choose between alternative solutions of a problem SC12.1.3.b Assess the limits of a technical design SC5.1.3.c Implement the SC8.1.3.c Implement the SC12.1.3.c Implement the proposed solution proposed design selected solution SC5.1.3.d Evaluate the SC8.1.3.d Evaluate completed SC12.1.3.d Evaluate the solution implementation technological designs or products and its consequences SC5.1.3.e Communicate the SC8.1.3.e Communicate the SC12.1.3.e Communicate the problem, design, and solution process of technical design problem, process, and solution Understanding of Technical SC8.1.3.f Distinguish between SC12.1.3.f Compare and Design scientific inquiry (asking contrast the reasons for the questions about the natural pursuit of science and the pursuit world) and technological design of technology (using science to solve practical problems) SC8.1.3.g Describe how science SC12.1.3.g Explain how science and technology are reciprocal advances with the introduction of new technology SC8.1.3.h Recognize that SC12.1.3.h Recognize creativity, solutions have intended and imagination, and a good unintended consequences knowledge base are all needed to advance the work of science and engineering SC8.1.3.i Compare and contrast the reporting of scientific knowledge and the reporting of technological knowledge 4
Adopted 10-6-10 SC K-12.2 Comprehensive Science Standard – Physical Science Students will integrate and communicate the information, concepts, principles, processes, theories, and models of the Physical Sciences to make connections with the natural and engineered world. Grade Band Standards 2. Physical Science K-2 3-5 6-8 9-12 SC2.2.1 Students will SC5.2.1 Students will SC8.2.1 Students will SC12.2.1 Students will observe and describe explore and describe the identify and describe the investigate and describe 1. Matter properties of objects and physical properties of particulate nature of matter matter in terms of its structure, their behavior. matter and its changes. including physical and composition and conservation. chemical interactions. Properties and Structure of SC2.2.1.a Observe SC5.2.1.a Identify mixtures SC8.2.1.a Compare and Matter physical properties of and pure substances contrast elements, objects (freezing and compounds, and mixtures melting, sinking and floating, color, size, texture, shape, weight) SC2.2.1.b Separate and SC5.2.1.b Identify physical SC8.2.1.b Describe SC12.2.1.a Recognize sort objects by physical properties of matter (color, physical and chemical bonding occurs when outer attributes odor, elasticity, weight, properties of matter electrons are transferred volume) (ionic) or shared (covalent) SC2.2.1.c Measure objects SC5.2.1.c Use appropriate using standard and non- metric measurements to standard units describe physical properties States of Matter SC2.2.1.d Identify solids SC5.2.1.d Identify state SC8.2.1.c Recognize most SC12.2.1.b Describe the and liquids and recognize changes caused by substances can exist as a energy transfer associated that liquids take the shape heating and cooling solids, solid, liquid, or gas with phase changes between of their container liquids, and gases depending on temperature solids, liquids, and gases SC8.2.1.d Compare and SC12.2.1.c Describe the three contrast solids, liquids, and normal states of matter (solid, gases based on properties liquid, gas) in terms of energy, of these states of matter particle arrangement, particle motion, and strength of bond between molecules 5
Adopted 10-6-10 Grade Band Standards 2. Physical Science K-2 3-5 6-8 9-12 Physical and Chemical SC8.2.1.e Distinguish Changes between physical and chemical changes (phase changes, dissolving, burning, rusting) SC8.2.1.f Recognize SC12.2.1.d Recognize a large conservation of matter in number of chemical reactions physical and chemical involve the transfer of either changes electrons (oxidation/reduction) or hydrogen ions (acid/base) between reacting ions, molecules, or atoms SC12.2.1.e Identify factors affecting rates of chemical reactions (temperature, particle size, surface area) Atomic Structure SC12.2.1.f Recognize the charges and relative locations of subatomic particles (neutrons, protons, electrons) SC12.2.1.g Describe properties of atoms, ions, and isotopes Classification of Matter SC8.2.1.g Classify SC12.2.1.h Describe the substances into similar organization of the periodic groups based on physical table of elements with respect properties to patterns of physical and chemical properties 6
Adopted 10-6-10 Grade Band Standards 2. Physical Science K-2 3-5 6-8 9-12 SC2.2.2 Students will SC5.2.2 Students will SC8.2.2 Students will SC12.2.2 Students will compare relative position identify the influence of investigate and describe investigate and describe the 2. Force and Motion and motion of objects. forces on motion. forces and motion. nature of field forces and their interactions with matter. Motion SC2.2.2.a State location SC5.2.2.a Describe motion SC8.2.2.a Describe motion SC12.2.2.a Describe motion and/or motion relative to by tracing and measuring of an object by its position with respect to displacement another object or its an object’s position over a and velocity and acceleration surroundings (in front of, period of time (speed) behind, between, over, under, faster, slower, forward and backward, up and down) SC2.2.2.b Describe how objects move in many different ways (straight, zigzag, round and round, back and forth, and fast and slow) st Inertia/Newton’s 1 law SC8.2.2.b Recognize an SC12.2.2.b Describe how the st object that is not being law of inertia (Newton’s 1 law) subjected to a force will is evident in a real-world event continue to move at a constant speed in a straight line or stay at rest st (Newton’s 1 law) nd Forces/Newton’s 2 law SC5.2.2.b Describe SC8.2.2.c Compare the SC12.2.2.c Make predictions changes in motion due to motion of objects related to based on relationships among outside forces (push, pull, the effects of balanced and net force, mass, and nd gravity) unbalanced forces acceleration (Newton’s 2 law) 7
Adopted 10-6-10 Grade Band Standards 2. Physical Science K-2 3-5 6-8 9-12 rd Newton’s 3 law SC12.2.2.d Recognize that all forces occur in equal and rd opposite pairs (Newton’s 3 law) SC12.2.2.e Describe how Newton’s 3rd law of motion is evident in a real-world event Universal Forces SC5.2.2.c Describe magnetic behavior in terms of attraction and repulsion SC8.2.2.d Recognize that SC12.2.2.f Describe gravity as a everything on or around force that each mass exerts on Earth is pulled towards another mass, which is Earth’s center by proportional to the masses and gravitational force the distance between them SC12.2.2.g Recognize that an attractive or repulsive electric force exists between two charged particles and that this force is proportional to the magnitude of the charges and the distance between them 8
Adopted 10-6-10 Grade Band Standards 2. Physical Science K-2 3-5 6-8 9-12 SC5.2.3 Students will SC8.2.3 Students will SC12.2.3 Students will observe and identify signs identify and describe how describe and investigate of energy transfer. energy systems and matter energy systems relating to 3. Energy interact. the conservation and interaction of energy and matter. Sound/Mechanical Waves SC5.2.3.a Recognize that SC8.2.3.a Recognize that SC12.2.3.a Describe sound is produced from vibrations set up wave-like mechanical wave vibrating objects; the disturbances that spread properties (speed, sound can be changed by away from the source wavelength, frequency, changing the vibration (sound, seismic, water amplitude) and how waves waves) travel through a medium SC8.2.3.b Identify that waves move at different speeds in different materials SC12.2.3.b Recognize that the energy in waves can be changed into other forms of energy Light SC5.2.3.b Recognize that SC8.2.3.c Recognize that SC12.2.3.c Recognize that light travels in a straight light interacts with matter light can behave as a wave line and can be reflected by transmission (including (diffraction and by an object (mirror) refraction), absorption, or interference) scattering (including reflection) SC5.2.3.c Recognize that SC8.2.3.d Recognize that light can travel through to see an object, light from certain materials and not the surface of the object others (transparent, must enter the eye; the translucent, opaque) color seen depends on the properties of the surface and the color of the available light sources 9
Adopted 10-6-10 Grade Band Standards 2. Physical Science K-2 3-5 6-8 9-12 Heat SC12.2.3.d Distinguish between temperature (a measure of the average kinetic energy of atomic or molecular motion) and heat (the quantity of thermal energy that transfers due to a change in temperature) SC5.2.3.d Identify ways to SC8.2.3.e Recognize that SC12.2.3.e Compare and generate heat (friction, heat moves from warmer contrast methods of heat burning, incandescent light objects to cooler objects transfer and the interaction bulb) until both reach the same of heat with matter via temperature conduction, convection, and radiation SC5.2.3.e Identify materials that act as thermal conductors or insulators Electricity/Magnetism SC5.2.3.f Recognize that the transfer of electricity in an electrical circuit requires a closed loop SC12.2.3.f Recognize that the production of electromagnetic waves is a result of changes in the motion of charges or by a changing magnetic field SC12.2.3.g Compare and contrast segments of the electromagnetic spectrum (radio, micro, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, x-rays, gamma) based on frequency and wavelength 10
Adopted 10-6-10 Grade Band Standards 2. Physical Science K-2 3-5 6-8 9-12 Nuclear SC12.2.3.h Recognize that nuclear reactions (fission, fusion, radioactive decay) convert a fraction of the mass of interacting particles into energy, and this amount of energy is much greater than the energy in chemical interactions Conservation SC8.2.3.f Describe transfer of energy from electrical and magnetic sources to different energy forms (heat, light, sound, chemical) SC8.2.3.g Recognize all SC12.2.3.i Interpret the energy is neither created law of conservation of nor destroyed energy to make predictions for the outcome of an event Mechanical Energy SC12.2.3.j Identify that all energy can be considered to be either kinetic, potential, or energy contained by a field (e.g. electromagnetic waves) Chemical Energy SC12.2.3.k Identify endothermic and exothermic reactions 11
Adopted 10-6-10 SC K-12.3 Comprehensive Science Standard – Life Science Students will integrate and communicate the information, concepts, principles, processes, theories, and models of the Life Sciences to make connections with the natural and engineered world. Grade Band Standards 3. Life Science K-2 3-5 6-8 9-12 SC2.3.1 Students will SC5.3.1 Students will SC8.3.1 Students will SC12.3.1 Students will 1. Structure and investigate the investigate and investigate and describe the investigate and describe the Function of Living characteristics of living compare the structure and function of living chemical basis of the growth, Systems things. characteristics of living organisms. development, and things. maintenance of cells. Characteristics of Life SC2.3.1.a Differentiate SC5.3.1.a Compare SC8.3.1.a Recognize the SC12.3.1.a Identify the between living and and contrast levels of organization in living complex molecules nonliving things characteristics of living organisms (cells, tissues, (carbohydrates, lipids, and nonliving things organs, organ systems, proteins, nucleic acids) that organisms) make up living organisms Cellular Composition of SC8.3.1.b Recognize that all SC12.3.1.b Identify the form Organisms organisms are composed of and function of sub-cellular one or many cells; that these structures that regulate cellular cells must grow, divide, and activities use energy; and that all cells function similarly SC8.3.1.c Recognize SC12.3.1.c Describe the specialized cells perform cellular functions of specialized functions in photosynthesis, respiration, multicellular organisms cell division, protein synthesis, transport of materials, and energy capture/release SC8.3.1.d Identify the organs and functions of the major systems of the human body and describe ways that these systems interact with each other 12
Adopted 10-6-10 Grade Band Standards 3. Life Science K-2 3-5 6-8 9-12 Characteristics of Living SC2.3.1.b Identify the Organisms basic needs of living things (food, water, air, space, shelter) SC2.3.1.c Identify external SC5.3.1.b Identify how parts of plants and animals parts of plants and animals function to meet basic needs (e.g., leg of an insect helps an insect move, root of a plant helps the plant obtain water) SC2.3.1.d Observe and match plants and animals to their distinct habitats Behavior SC8.3.1.e Describe how SC12.3.1.d Describe how an plants and animals organism senses changes in respond to environmental its internal or external stimuli environment and responds to ensure survival 13
Adopted 10-6-10 Grade Band Standards 3. Life Science K-2 3-5 6-8 9-12 SC2.3.2 Students will SC5.3.2 Students will SC8.3.2 Students will SC12.3.2 Students will recognize changes in living identify variations of investigate and describe describe the molecular basis 2. Heredity things. inherited characteristics the relationship between of reproduction and heredity. and life cycles. reproduction and heredity. Inherited Traits SC2.3.2.a Describe how SC5.3.2.a Identify inherited SC8.3.2.a Recognize that SC12.3.2.a Identify that offspring resemble their characteristics of plants hereditary information is information passed from parents and animals contained in genes within parents to offspring is coded the chromosomes of each in DNA molecules cell SC12.3.2.b Describe the basic structure of DNA and its function in genetic inheritance SC12.3.2.c Recognize how mutations could help, harm, or have no effect on individual organisms Reproduction SC2.3.2.b Describe how SC5.3.2.b Identify the life SC8.3.2.b Compare and SC12.3.2.d Describe that living things change as cycle of an organism contrast sexual and sexual reproduction results they grow asexual reproduction in a largely predictable, variety of possible gene combinations in the offspring of any two parents 14
Adopted 10-6-10 Grade Band Standards 3. Life Science K-2 3-5 6-8 9-12 SC5.3.3 Students will SC8.3.3 Students will describe SC12.3.3 Students will describe, 3. Flow of describe relationships within populations and ecosystems. on a molecular level, the cycling Matter and an ecosystem. of matter and the flow of energy Energy in between organisms and their Ecosystems environment. Flow of Energy SC5.3.3.a Diagram and SC8.3.3.a Diagram and explain the SC12.3.3.a Explain how the explain a simple food chain flow of energy through a simple stability of an ecosystem is beginning with the Sun food web increased by biological diversity SC5.3.3.b Identify the role of SC8.3.3.b Compare the roles of producers, consumers, and producers, consumers, and decomposers in an decomposers in an ecosystem ecosystem Ecosystems SC8.3.3.c Recognize that SC12.3.3.b Recognize that atoms producers transform sunlight into and molecules cycle among living chemical energy through and nonliving components of the photosynthesis biosphere SC5.3.3.c Recognize the SC8.3.3.d Determine the biotic and SC12.3.3.c Explain how living and nonliving factors abiotic factors that impact the distribution and abundance of that impact the survival of number of organisms an ecosystem different organisms in ecosystems organisms in an ecosystem can support are limited by the availability of matter and energy and the ability of the ecosystem to recycle materials SC8.3.3.e Recognize a population is all the individuals of a species at a given place and time SC8.3.3.f Identify symbiotic relationships among organisms Impact on SC5.3.3.d Recognize all SC8.3.3.g Identify positive and SC12.3.3.d Analyze factors which Ecosystems organisms cause changes, negative effects of natural and may influence environmental some beneficial and some human activity on an ecosystem quality detrimental, in the environment where they live 15
Adopted 10-6-10 Grade Band Standards 3. Life Science K-2 3-5 6-8 9-12 SC2.3.4 Students will SC5.3.4 Students will describe SC8.3.4 Students will identify SC12.3.4 Students will describe 4. Biodiversity recognize changes in changes in organisms over characteristics of organisms that the theory of biological evolution. organisms. time. help them survive. Biological SC2.3.4.a Recognize SC5.3.4.a Describe adaptations SC8.3.4.a Describe how an SC12.3.4.a Identify different Adaptations seasonal changes in made by plants or animals to inherited characteristic enables types of adaptations necessary animals and plants survive environmental changes an organism to improve its for survival (morphological, survival rate physiological, behavioral) Biological Evolution SC8.3.4.b Recognize the SC12.3.4.b Recognize that the extinction of a species is caused concept of biological evolution is by the inability to adapt to an a theory which explains the environmental change consequence of the interactions of: (1) the potential for a species to increase its numbers, (2) the genetic variability of offspring due to mutation and recombination of genes, (3) a finite supply of the resources required for life, and (4) the ensuing selection by the environment of those offspring better able to survive and leave offspring SC8.3.4.c Use anatomical SC12.3.4.c Explain how natural features of an organism to infer selection provides a scientific similarities among other explanation of the fossil record organisms and the molecular similarities among the diverse species of living organisms SC12.3.4.d Apply the theory of biological evolution to explain diversity of life over time 16
Adopted 10-6-10 SC K-12.4 Comprehensive Science Standard – Earth and Space Sciences Students will integrate and communicate the information, concepts, principles, processes, theories, and models of Earth and Space Sciences to make connections with the natural and engineered world. 4. Earth and Grade Band Standards Space Sciences K-2 3-5 6-8 9-12 SC2.4.1 Students will SC5.4.1 Students will SC8.4.1 Students will SC12.4.1 Students will observe and identify observe and describe investigate and describe investigate and describe 1. Earth in Space objects of the sky. characteristics, patterns, Earth and the solar the known universe. and changes in the sky. system. Objects in the Sky and SC2.4.1.a Identify objects SC5.4.1.a Recognize that SC8.4.1.a Describe the SC12.4.1.a Describe the Universe in the sky (the Sun, the the observed shape of the components of the solar formation of the universe Moon, the stars) and when Moon changes from day to system (the Sun, planets, using the Big Bang Theory they are observable day during a one month moons, asteroids, comets) period SC12.4.1.b Recognize that stars, like the Sun, transform matter into energy by nuclear reactions which leads to the formation of other elements SC12.4.1.c Describe stellar evolution Motion of Objects in the SC2.4.1.b Identify objects SC5.4.1.b Recognize the SC8.4.1.b Describe the Solar System that appear to move in the motion of objects in the sky relationship between sky (the Sun, the Moon, (the Sun, the Moon, stars) motion of objects in the stars) change over time in solar system and the recognizable patterns phenomena of day, year, eclipses, phases of the Moon and seasons Gravitational Effects SC8.4.1.c Describe the effects of gravity on Earth (tides) and the effect of gravity on objects in the solar system 17
Adopted 10-6-10 4. Earth and Grade Band Standards Space Sciences K-2 3-5 6-8 9-12 SC2.4.2 Students will SC5.4.2 Students will observe SC8.4.2 Students will investigate SC12.4.2 Students will 2. Earth observe, identify, and and describe Earth’s materials, and describe Earth’s structure, investigate the relationships Structures describe characteristics structure, and processes. systems, and processes. among Earth’s structure, and Processes of Earth’s materials. systems, and processes. Properties of Earth SC2.4.2.a Describe Earth SC5.4.2.a Describe the SC8.4.2.a Describe the layers of SC12.4.2.a Recognize how Materials materials (sand, soil, characteristics of rocks, Earth (core, mantle, crust, Earth materials move through rocks, water) minerals, soil, water, and the atmosphere) geochemical cycles (carbon, atmosphere nitrogen, oxygen) resulting in chemical and physical changes in matter SC8.4.2.b Describe the physical composition of soil SC8.4.2.c Describe the mixture of gases in Earth’s atmosphere and how the atmosphere’s properties change at different elevations SC8.4.2.d Describe evidence of Earth’s magnetic field Earth’s Processes SC5.4.2.b Identify weathering, SC8.4.2.e Compare and contrast SC12.4.2.b Describe how erosion, and deposition as constructive and destructive forces heat convection in the mantle processes that build up or (deposition, erosion, weathering, propels the plates comprising break down Earth’s surface plate motion causing uplift, Earth’s surface across the volcanoes, earthquakes) that face of the globe (plate impact Earth’s surface tectonics) SC8.4.2.f Describe the rock cycle SC8.4.2.g Describe the water cycle (evaporation, condensation, precipitation) Use of Earth SC2.4.2.b Recognize ways SC5.4.2.c Identify how Earth SC8.4.2.h Classify Earth SC12.4.2.c Evaluate the Materials in which individuals and materials are used (fuels, materials as renewable or impact of human activity and families can conserve building materials, sustaining nonrenewable natural causes on Earth’s Earth’s resources by plant life) resources (groundwater, reducing, reusing, and rivers, land, fossil fuels) recycling 18
Adopted 10-6-10 4. Earth and Grade Band Standards Space Sciences K-2 3-5 6-8 9-12 SC2.4.3 Students will SC5.4.3 Students will SC8.4.3 Students will SC12.4.3 Students will observe simple patterns observe and describe the investigate and describe investigate and describe the 3. Energy in of change on Earth. effects of energy changes energy in Earth’s systems. relationships among the Earth’s Systems on Earth. sources of energy and their effects on Earth’s systems. Energy Sources SC2.4.3.a Observe that SC5.4.3.a Describe the SC8.4.3.a Describe how SC12.4.3.a Describe how the Sun provides heat Sun’s warming effect on the energy from the Sun radiation, conduction, and and light land and water influences the atmosphere convection transfer heat in and provides energy for Earth’s systems plant growth SC12.4.3.b Identify internal and external sources of heat energy in Earth’s systems SC12.4.3.c Compare and contrast benefits of renewable and nonrenewable energy sources Weather and Climate SC2.4.3.b Observe and SC5.4.3.b Observe, SC8.4.3.b Identify factors describe simple daily measure, and record that influence daily and changes in weather changes in weather seasonal changes on Earth (temperature, wind direction (tilt of the Earth, humidity, and speed, precipitation) air pressure, air masses) SC2.4.3.c Describe SC5.4.3.c Recognize the SC8.4.3.c Describe SC12.4.3.d Describe natural simple seasonal difference between atmospheric movements influences (Earth’s rotation, weather indicators and weather, climate, and that influence weather and mountain ranges, oceans, how they impact seasons climate (air masses, jet differential heating) on global student choices stream) climate (activities, clothing) 19
Adopted 10-6-10 4. Earth and Grade Band Standards Space Sciences K-2 3-5 6-8 9-12 SC5.4.4 Students will SC8.4.4 Students will use SC12.4.4 Students will describe changes in Earth. evidence to draw explain the history and 4. Earth’s History conclusions about changes evolution of Earth. in Earth. Past/Present Earth SC5.4.4.a Describe how SC8.4.4.a Recognize that SC12.4.4.a Recognize that slow processes (erosion, Earth processes we see in any sequence of weathering, deposition) and today are similar to those sediments or rocks that rapid processes (landslides, that occurred in the past has not been overturned, volcanic eruptions, (uniformity of processes) the youngest sediments or earthquakes) change rocks are at the top of the Earth’s surface sequence and the oldest are at the bottom (law of superposition) SC8.4.4.b Describe how SC12.4.4.b Interpret environmental conditions Earth’s history by have changed through use observing rock sequences, of the fossil record using fossils to correlate the sequences at various locations, and using data from radioactive dating methods SC12.4.4.c Compare and contrast the physical and biological differences of the early Earth with the planet we live on today 20
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