Micro Reach SAVING FOR BLUETOOTH AND - XtendTM: SPACE - APPLICATION NOTE
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Micro Reach
TM
Xtend : SPACE
SAVING FOR
BLUETOOTH AND
Wi-Fi HEADSETS
2.4-2.5 GHz
APPLICATION NOTE
Micro Reach XtendTM (NN01-110)
APPLICATION NOTE
Micro Reach XtendTM (NN01-110)
Antenna Performance in Your Headset
THE RESULTS OF HUMAN HEAD INTERACTION TESTS
Micro Reach XtendTM – Space Saving for Bluetooth and WiFi
Headsets 2.4-2.5 GHz
Ignion specializes in enabling effective mobile communications by designing and manufacturing
optimized antenna products that will make your wireless devices more competitive. Our mission
is to transform our clients’ product development processes with innovative components that
accelerate time-to-market without compromising functionality.
Ignion products are protected by Ignion
patents.
All information contained within this
document is property of Ignion and is
subject to change without prior notice.
Information is provided “as is” and without
warranties. It is prohibited to copy or
reproduce this information without prior
approval.
Micro Reach XtendTM
Ignion is an ISO 9001:2015 certified
company. All our antennas are lead-free
NN01-110
and RoHS compliant.
ISO 9001: 2015 Certified
Last Update: January 2021 2
APPLICATION NOTE
Micro Reach XtendTM (NN01-110)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. ANTENNA DESCRIPTION 4
2. EVALUATION BOARD 5
2.1. QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE 5
2.2. EVALUATION BOARD (2.4-2.5 GHz) 5
2.3. MATCHING NETWORK 6
2.4. VSWR AND TOTAL EFFICIENCY 7
2.5. RADIATION PATTERNS, GAIN, AND EFFICIENCY 8
3. HUMAN HEAD IMPACT 9
3.1. SET-UP 9
3.2. MATCHING NETWORK 10
3.3. VSWR AND TOTAL EFFICIENCY 11
3.4. RADIATION PATTERNS, GAIN, AND EFFICIENCY 12
Last Update: January 2021 3
APPLICATION NOTE
Micro Reach XtendTM (NN01-110)
1. ANTENNA DESCRIPTION
Headsets and other mobile devices designed to be used close to the head and body require
special testing to ensure adequate performance in real use conditions. The ever increasing
pressure to introduce headsets that are every time more sleek and streamlined mean engineers
also need to find compact options they can rely on.
We´ve used our phantom head and an anechoic chamber to thoroughly test our Micro Reach
Xtend™ Chip Antenna´s performance when used touching and at various close distances to the
human head. The results of our tests are presented here and will help you understand the
performance you can expect from this antenna under normal use conditions for headsets,
allowing you to create more reliable connectivity and add value to your headsets and other
mobile devices.
The Micro Reach Xtend™ Chip Antenna combines a miniature size with a reduced requirement
for clearance area within the customer PCB for further space saving. Reduced requirements for
clearance area also give designers more flexibility with design and the layout of components.
With its high performance and integration flexibility, as well as its low cost, this miniature antenna
has been specially designed and tested to provide Bluetooth and WiFi (2.4-2.5 GHz) connectivity
in headsets. This antenna is built on glass epoxy substrate which makes it ideal for small
consumer electronics devices such as small wireless headsets and highly integrated
multifunction mobile headsets.
TOP BOTTOM
4.1 mm 2.0 mm
1.0 mm
Material: The Micro Reach XtendTM antenna is built on glass epoxy substrate.
APPLICATIONS BENEFITS
• Headsets
• Hearing-aids • Small form factor and footprint
• USB Dongles • Reduced clearance area within PCB
• Medical devices • Cost-effective
• Handsets • Easy to integrate (pick and place)
• Sensors (Proximity, etc.)
Last Update: January 2021 4
APPLICATION NOTE
Micro Reach XtendTM (NN01-110)
2. EVALUATION BOARD
2.1. QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE
Technical Features
Frequency Range 2.4 – 2.5 GHz
Average Efficiency 54.2 %
Peak Gain 0.8 dBi
VSWR < 2:1
Radiation Pattern Omnidirectional
Polarization Linear
Weight (approx.) 0.02 g
Temperature -40 to +125º C
Impedance 50 Ω
Dimensions (L x W x H) 4.1 mm x 2.0 mm x 1.0 mm
Table 1 – Technical Features. Measurements from the Evaluation Board (Figure 1).
Please contact support@ignion.io if you require additional information on antenna integration
or optimization on your PCB.
2.2. EVALUATION BOARD (2.4-2.5 GHz)
This Evaluation Board EB_NN01-110 integrates a microstrip transmission line to connect the
Micro Reach XtendTM Chip Antenna with the SMA connector. The reduced dimensions of this
antenna part make it particularly suitable for small devices such as headsets. The Micro Reach
XtendTM provides operation in the frequency region from 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz.
Measure mm
A 35.0
B 20.0
C 40.0
D 5.2
E 20.0
F 12.5
G 7.0
H 5.0
Tolerance: ±0.2mm
Material: The evaluation board is
built on FR4 substrate. Thickness
is 1.0mm.
Clearance Area: 7.0 mm x 5.0
mm (GxH)
Figure 1 – EB_NN01-110. Micro Reach XtendTM Evaluation Board providing operation from
2.4 GHz to 2.5GHz.
This product and/or its use are protected by at least one or more of the following patents US
7,148,850 B2; US 7,202,822 B2.
Last Update: January 2021 5
APPLICATION NOTE
Micro Reach XtendTM (NN01-110)
2.3. MATCHING NETWORK
The specs of a Ignion standard product are measured in an Evaluation Board, where an ideal
case is created. However, when incorporating into real designs, nearby components such as
LCD’s, batteries, covers and connectors may affect the antenna performance. For this reason,
placing pads compatible with 0402 and 0603 SMD components for a matching network as close
as possible to the feeding point is highly recommended. Create this matching network in the
ground plane area rather than the clearance area – this will provide a degree of freedom for
tuning the antenna component once the design is finished, taking into account all elements of
the system (batteries, displays, covers, etc.).
Please notice that different devices with different ground planes and different components
nearby the Micro Reach Xtend™ chip antenna may need a different matching network. To
ensure optimal results, the use of high Q and tight tolerance components is highly recommended
(Murata components). If you need assistance to design your matching network beyond this
application note, please contact support@ignion.io, or try our free-of-charge1 NN Wireless Fast-
Track design service, you will get your chip antenna design including a custom matching
network for your device in 24h1. Other related to NN’s range of R&D services is available at:
https://www.ignion.io/rdservices/
2.4 – 2.5 GHz
Value Part Number
6.8 nH LQW15AN6N8G80
1.5 pF GJM1555C1H1R5WB01
Figure 2 – Matching Network implemented in the Evaluation Board (Figure 1).
1
See terms and conditions for a free NN Wireless Fast-Track service at: https://www.ignion.io/fast-track-project/
Last Update: January 2021 6
APPLICATION NOTE
Micro Reach XtendTM (NN01-110)
2.4. VSWR AND TOTAL EFFICIENCY
VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) and Total Efficiency versus Frequency (GHz) in free-
space conditions.
Figure 3 – VSWR and Total Efficiency (from the Evaluation Board (Figure 1)).
Last Update: January 2021 7
APPLICATION NOTE
Micro Reach XtendTM (NN01-110)
2.5. RADIATION PATTERNS, GAIN, AND EFFICIENCY
Measurement System Set-Up
= 90º Plane XY at 2.45 GHz
Evaluation Board in Plane XY
= 0º Plane XZ at 2.45 GHz = 90º Plane YZ at 2.45 GHz
Peak Gain 0.8 dBi
Gain Average Gain across the band 0.4 dBi
Gain Range across the band (min, max) 0.0 dBi – 0.8 dBi
Peak Efficiency 57.7 %
Efficiency Average Efficiency across the band 54.4 %
Efficiency Range across the band (min,
49.6 % – 57.7 %
max)
Table 2 – Antenna Gain and Total Efficiency from the Evaluation Board (Figure 1) within the 2.4
– 2.5 GHz frequency range. Measures made in the Satimo STARGATE 32 anechoic chamber.
Last Update: January 2021 8
APPLICATION NOTE
Micro Reach XtendTM (NN01-110)
3. HUMAN HEAD IMPACT
In general terms, the interaction of the human body with a radiating system affects its
performance, mainly through introducing efficiency decrements and detuning effects. In a
headset, this interaction is pronounced due to the headset usually being directly set near to the
head at a reduced distance. This section will analyze the impact of the human head (Figure 4)
over the Evaluation Board (Figure 1) considering five different distances at the frequency region
which covers from 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz.
Figure 4 – Phantom head used to assess the performance of the Evaluation Board (Figure 1)
when operating in close proximity to the human head.
3.1. SET-UP
The Evaluation Board (Figure 1) is placed over a phantom head which emulates the
electromagnetic properties of the human head. Measurements were taken at the frequency
range of 2.4-2.5GHz at different distances (Figure 5).
Distance A
Distance A
a) Touching position
b) 2mm
c) 5mm
d) 10mm
e) 15mm
Figure 5 – Different distances between the phantom head and the Evaluation Board (which
provides operation from 2.4GHz to 2.5GHz) which were used for testing.
Last Update: January 2021 9
APPLICATION NOTE
Micro Reach XtendTM (NN01-110)
3.2. MATCHING NETWORK
Please note that the matching network topology has been maintained for each configuration.
The component values have been re-adjusted in each case to compensate for the detuning
effects introduced by the proximity of the phantom head (Figure 5).
2.4 – 2.5 GHz
Figure 6 – Topology of matching network mounted for use at all of the different distances.
Distance Z1 Z2
Touching 4.5 nH 1.0 pF
2mm 5.9 nH 1.1 pF
5mm 6.2 nH 1.2 pF
10mm 6.4 nH 1.2 pF
15mm 6.4 nH 1.3 pF
Table 3 – Values of the components used for each distance.
Value Part Number
4.5 nH LQW15AN4N5B80
5.9 nH LQW15AN5N9G80
Z1 6.2 nH LQW15AN6N2B80
6.4 nH LQW15AN6N4G80
6.4 nH LQW15AN6N4G80
1.0 pF GJM1555C1H1R0WB01
1.1 pF GJM1555C1H1R1WB01
Z2 1.2 pF GJM1555C1H1R2WB01
1.2 pF GJM1555C1H1R2WB01
1.3 pF GJM1555C1H1R3WB01
Table 4 – Values and part numbers of the components used for the matching networks.
Last Update: January 2021 10APPLICATION NOTE
Micro Reach XtendTM (NN01-110)
3.3. VSWR AND TOTAL EFFICIENCY
VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) and Total Efficiency versus Frequency (GHz).
Figure 7 – VSWR and Total Efficiency for the 2.4 – 2.5 GHz frequency range (from the
Evaluation Board (Figure 5)).
VSWR TOTAL EFFICIENCY (%)
ɳa2 ɳa ɳa ɳa ɳa
Distance 2.4-2.5GHz
(2.4GHz) (2.5GHz) (min) (max) (average)
Free Space < 2:1 49.8 53.4 49.6 57.7 54.1
Touching < 1.5:1 14.4 15.7 14.4 15.9 15.2
2mm < 1.5:1 19.1 22.8 18.8 23.5 21.3
5mm < 1.5:1 28.3 34.4 27.9 34.4 31.6
10mm < 2:1 36.6 41.4 36.2 43.2 39.8
15mm < 2:1 43.7 47.9 43.0 49.9 46.9
Table 5 – VSWR and Total Efficiency comparison considering different distances.
2
ɳa refers to the total efficiency of the antenna system which considers both ohmic and impedance losses
Last Update: January 2021 11APPLICATION NOTE
Micro Reach XtendTM (NN01-110)
3.4. RADIATION PATTERNS, GAIN, AND EFFICIENCY
Z
θ
Y
X
Measurement System Set-Up = 90º Plane XY at 2.45 GHz at 0mm,
Evaluation Board in Plane XY 2mm, 5mm, 10mm and 15mm
= 0º Plane XZ at 2.45 GHz at 0mm, 2mm, = 90º Plane YZ at 2.45 GHz at 0mm,
5mm, 10mm and 15mm 2mm, 5mm, 10mm and 15mm
0mm 2mm 5mm 10mm 15mm
Peak Gain -1.2 dBi 0.6 dBi 2.3 dBi 3.7 dBi 4.2 dBi
Average Gain across the 3.1 dBi 3.7 dBi
Gain band
-1.6 dBi 0.0 dBi 1.8 dBi
Gain Range across the -2.5 dBi -0.9 dBi 0.7 dBi 2.4 dBi 3.0 dBi
band (min, max) -1.2 dBi 0.6 dBi 2.3 dBi 3.7 dBi 4.2 dBi
Peak Efficiency 16.0% 23.5% 34.4% 43.2% 49.9%
Average Efficiency
Efficiency across the band
15.2% 21.3% 31.6% 39.8% 46.9%
Efficiency Range across 14.4% 18.8% 27.9% 36.2% 43.0%
the band (min, max) 16.0% 23.5% 34.4% 43.2% 49.9%
Table 6 – Antenna Gain and Total Efficiency from the Evaluation Board (Figure 1) within the 2.4
– 2.5 GHz frequency range. Measures made in the Satimo STARGATE 32 anechoic chamber.
Last Update: January 2021 12APPLICATION NOTE
Micro Reach XtendTM (NN01-110)
Contact:
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