Market prospective for smart fertilizer - 2 Workshop AgriNanoTechniques Nanomaterials for products and application in agriculture ...
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12th Septembar 2018
Giuseppe Ciuffreda
Market prospective for
smart fertilizer
2° Workshop AgriNanoTechniques
Nanomaterials for products and application in agriculture
Plant nutrition: definition Plant nutrition is the study of the chemical elements and compounds necessary for: • plant growth, • plant metabolism and • their external supply.
Element: essential and benefits
MINERAL ESSENTIAL NON MINERAL ESSENTIAL BENEFITS NON ESSENTIAL
NITROGEN BOROM OXYGEN SILICON
PHOSPHORUS CHLORINE CARBON SODIUM
POTASSIUM IRON HIDROGEN COBALT
CALCIUM MANGANESE SELENIUM
MAGNESIUM ZINC
SULPHUR CUPRUM
MOLYBDENUM
NICHEL
17 4
Fonte: http://soils.wisc.edu/facstaff/barak/soilscience326/listofel.htm
Nitrogen + Phosphorus +Potash
205
Milioni
201,66
Total world 200 198,11
demand for 195 194,39
fertilizer 190,85
190
nutrient 186,67
use, 2015- 185 184,02
2020 180
(million tons)
175
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Source: FAO 2017
250
World
Milioni Tons
200
demand for 150
32,8 33,1 34,0 34,9 36,0 37,0
fertilizer 41,2 41,9 43,2 44,1 45,0 45,1
nutrient use, 100
2015-2020 50 110,0 111,6 113,6 115,4 117,1 118,8
(million tons) 0
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Year
Nitrogen (N) Phosphate (P2O5) Potash (K2O)
Source: FAO 2017
Nitrogen + Phosphorus +Potash
Regional
potential
balance
in 2020
Potential balance = supply – (non-fertilizer demand + fertilizer demand)
Source: FAO 2017
Nutrient consumption: main 6 markets in the world:
Data in million tons
6°
3° 4°
1°
2°
5°
Source: IFA 2014, in Yara Fertilizer Industry Handbook 2017Total 190 million
tons nutrient
Source: IFA 2017/18, in Yara Fertilizer Industry Handbook 2017 adaptedNitrate Directive EU -28
World Hypoxic
and Eutrophic
Coastal Areas
LEGEND
Area of concern
Documented hypoxic area
System in recovery
Source: Peterson 2018, in rs.resalliance.org/2008/01/28/mapping-coastal-eutrophication/Ammonia emission: urea the main actor
• Urea-based fertilisers represent about 20% of total inorganic fertiliser
use in the EU
• they are responsible for about 50% of the ammonia emissions
deriving from fertiliser use.
• Compared to the total ammonia emissions from agriculture overall,
urea-based fertilisers represent approximately 10% of these
emissions
Source: Circular Economy Package- commission staff working document impact assessment - 17.3.2016 part 1/2Global trends in atmospheric ammonia (NH3) from 2002 to 2016 Using data from NASA's Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) satellite instrument, the University of Maryland-led research team discovered steadily increasing ammonia concentrations from 2002 to 2016 over agricultural centers in the United States, Europe, China and India Source: March 16, 2017, University of Maryland phys.org/news/2017-03-multi-year-hotspots-ammonia-world-major.html
250
The ideal
fertilizer
200
releases the
Kg/ha fertilizer
150
elements
100 Fertilizer Plant uptake
in a
apply
50 Nutrient release
synchronized
from the fertilizer
way according to
0
Time crop’s needs
Source: Lammel, 2005.Ideal fertitlizer = the best smart fertilizer
• The strategies to approach the concept of the ideal fertilizer are
essentially two: 250 Strategy
split application
1. apply fertilizer in split mode 200
Kg/ha fertilizer
150
100
Plant uptake
50
2. Use “Enhanced Effincieny1” fertilizer 0
Time
(smart fertilizer)
• 1The term "Enhanced Efficiency (EE) " be adopted to describe fertilizer products with characteristics that
minimize the potential of nutrient losses to the environment, as compared to a "reference soluble" product.
1Source: AAPFCO* 1995) Association of American Plant Food Control OfficialsNitrogen smart fertilizer technologies
• Slow release (discover in 1930 apply as fertilizer in 1940)
• High price (apply in open field is very low foliar application mainly)
• Control release (discover in 1967 ) coated with sulphur, wax, polymer
• High price (used mainly in garden, nursery, turf ) only for specialistic
appliaction
• Stabilized (urease and nitrification inhibitor) (discover 1960-70)
• Right price (used in open field and the farmer are ready to pay extra cost in
order to improve yield and reduce the environmental impact)Control release technology: urea coated Sorce: Alley in Fertilizer Outlook and Technology Conference, November 11-13, 2008 Charleston, SC
Marketable smart nitrogen fertilizer products
Organo-mineral fertiliser
• Obtained by reaction with mineral and organic matter material
The are e special «smart fertilizer» because recover the organic matter
(compost, manure, peat, leonardite, animal by products)
They reduce the delivery of nutrient during the season
In Italy they represent 10% of solid fertilizer (about 290,000 ton)1
The new European legilsaltion, it will include them in order promote their use in
agricolture (circular economy)
1Source: Rossini 2014Geographical usages of smart fertilizer • The use of slow- and controlled-release fertilizers remains limited, amounting to 0.2% of global fertilizer consumption in 2004/05 (786,000 tons). • The expansion of smart fertilizer usage is mainly constrained by low installed-production capacity of only 7.5 million tonnes Source: Possible breakthroughs smart fertilizers in www.wbcsd.org consulted 11/09/2018
The main production facilities
• are in Canada (Agrium Inc.) and
• China (Hanfeng Evergreen Inc.)
China is by far the largest producer and consumer of
smart fertilizers, amounting to one-third of global smart
fertilizer (CRF) production.
Source: Possible breakthroughs smart fertilizers in www.wbcsd.org consulted 11/09/2018Market prospective in Europe
• National Emission Ceiling - Directive 2016/2284/UE
• Reduction ammonia emission
• In Germany, legislation is already in place, from 2020 farmers must
either inject urea-based fertilizers or use ones that include an inhibitor
to reduce ammonia emissions.
• In Italy some region (Veneto) already promotes smart fertilizer (nitrogen
enhanced effincieny – CRF, Stabilized)
• by 2020 Italy has undertaken to reduce the MH3 emission by 5%, and by 2030 by
16%.New generation of smart fertilizer • Use of microorganism to promote : 1. Recovery of nutrient by atmosphere (nitrogen) 2. Recovery of mineral elements stuck in the soil (phosphorus) 3. Recover the energy stuck in the residue crop (carbon and nutrients) 4. Antagonism against the soil patogens
New generation of smart fertilizer Use of Nanotechnology Mahendra Rai et al. 2015.
Nano fertilizer already in the market
I made a research in ALIBABA website with word “Nanofertilizer” and I
obtained:
589 products
• Organic
• Mineral How many of these
• Liquid actually work?
• SolidNano fertilizer already in the market • Acqua-Yield ( America private society ) www.aquayield.com • B+H Solution gmbh (Germany private company) www.bh-solutions.eu • Cerea Fcp in the next season (Italy private company) www.fcpcerea.it
Italian nano-fertilizer technology NANO.T fertilizer was born by collaboration with: • University of Verona department of biotecnology an chemistry and Cerea FCP in 2015 • We have filed a European patent that is still in the preliminary investigation phase.
Conclusion • The agro-food chain needs to improve efficiency in order to improve food production and preserve environment • Legislation and public opinion will push in order to reduce negative impact of agricultural system on environment • In the near future, the demand for smart fertilizer will increase • Nanotechnology will do an important contribution in plant nutrition sector and open a new phase on the smart fertilizer field
Thanks for your attention
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