Know Your Fish If it has a red slash-put it back. No bait No barbs No lead
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Yellowstone National Park Fishing Regulations Know Your Fish If it has a red slash—put it back. No bait No barbs No lead
Purpose of Yellowstone Fishing Regulations Fishing regulations in Yellowstone National Park are structured to strongly support native fish conservation goals. Cutthroat trout are the sole, na- tive trout of the park and were the dominant fish species here prior to Euroamerican settlement. Cutthroat trout, Arctic grayling, mountain white- fish, and other native fishes are important to the ecology of Yellowstone. Introduced nonnative fish cause loss of native fish The abundance of native fish has been reduced because of impacts by intro- duced nonnative fish, including brook, brown, lake, and rainbow trout. These nonnative species continue to contribute to the decline in the park’s native fish population by competing for food and habitat, preying on native fish, and degrading the genetic integrity of native fish through hybridization. Anglers assist with native species conservation Angling is one way that the nonnative fish can be selectively removed from an area without damaging the native fishery. Within the Native Trout Conservation Area, anglers are strongly encouraged, and in some cases re- quired, to harvest nonnative. This harvest will help to save the native fish and the natural ecosystems they support. Stay Safe and Legal You are responsible for following all park regulations. Consult Yellowstone’s park newspaper, Backcountry Trip Planner, or rangers at visitor centers and backcountry offices to learn more. • Stay on established trails in thermal areas for your safety and to protect these fragile areas. • Do not discard fish carcasses or entrails along stream banks or the lake shore as they will attract bears. • Do not feed any animals, including birds, squirrels, and coyotes. Bear Warning • Bears and other wildlife may appear in areas frequent- ed by people—even on trails, boardwalks, and along roads. Do not approach wildlife and remain at least 100 yards (92 meters) away from bears and wolves, and 25 yards (23 meters) away from all other wildlife. • Be alert—watch for bears and bear sign, like fresh tracks or scat. • Make noise in areas where visibility is limited. • Carry bear spray and know how to use it. • Avoid hiking or fishing alone. Try to stay with a group of three or more people. • DO NOT RUN if you encounter a bear. 2
Contents General Regulations........................................................................ 2–5 Season dates, fishing hours, permit requirements, tackle restrictions, catch and release, mandatory kill, and possession limits. Fishing................................................................................ 2 Boating............................................................................... 5 Regional Regulations....................................................................... 6–13 Summary and exceptions to general regulations in each region of the park. Northwest Region Regulations....................................... 6 Northeast Region Regulations........................................ 8 Southwest Region Regulations........................................ 10 Southeast Region Regulations......................................... 12 Fish Identification............................................................................ 14–18 Know your fish species on sight in order to comply with native trout conservation requirements. Native................................................................................. 14 Nonnative.......................................................................... 16 Releasing Fish................................................................................... 19 Frequently Asked Questions............................................................ 20 Aquatic Invasive Species.................................................................. 21 1
General Regulations Fishing Fishing/angling is defined as any activity using an attended single rod or line for the purpose of attempt- ing to attract, capture, or possess any fish from waters within Yellowstone National Park. All other methods to attract, capture, or possess fish are prohibited. Fishing hours and season dates The season begins the Saturday of Memorial Day weekend (usu- ally the last weekend in May) and extends through the first Sunday in Anglers 15 years of age or younger November. Exceptions are listed on have two options: pages 6–13. 1. Children 15 or younger may fish without a permit if they are fishing Hours are daily from sunrise to under the direct supervision of an sunset. Fishing with an artificial adult who has a valid park fishing light is prohibited. Some areas are permit. closed to human entry, have trail or seasonal closures, off-trail travel and 2. Children 15 or younger may obtain daylight hour limitations, or party a free permit that must be signed by size recommendations. See the Bear a responsible adult; with this per- Management Area restrictions in the mit, a child can fish without direct Backcountry Trip Planner for specific adult supervision. rules and information. With either option, the accompany- Streams may be temporarily closed due ing adult is responsible for the child’s to low water levels and high water tem- actions and must ensure the child peratures to protect fish populations. complies with all fishing regulations and provisions. Fishing permits Anglers 16 years of age or older Tackle, lure, and hook restrictions must be in possession of a valid Each angler may use only one rod Yellowstone National Park fishing which must be attended at all times permit to fish in the park. and used for angling only—intention- Park rangers may check permits and al snagging of fish is not allowed. inspect tackle, fish, creels, or other Only lead-free artificial lures containers where fish or tackle may (e.g. spoon or spinner) or flies may be stored. be used. Leaded fishing tackle such 2
General Regulations Exceptions Non-toxic split-shot, sinkers, and jig heads molded with bismuth-tin, mo- lybdenum, or tungsten are allowed. Lead core line and heavy (> 4 lb.) downrigger weights used to fish for deep-dwelling lake trout are permis- sible because they are too large to be ingested by wildlife. A single pointed hook is the best choice for fishing in Yellowstone. Treble hooks Artificial lures are not allowed on the (3 points) can severely injure fish and are Firehole River, Madison River, and often constructed with toxic lead solder. lower Gibbon River (below Gibbon as leaded split-shot sinkers, weighted Falls), these streams are flyfishing jigs (lead molded to a hook), and soft only. lead-weighted ribbon for nymph fish- Possession limits by area, ing are not allowed. stream and/or lake Hooks must have points that are Parkwide barbless, or the barbs must be All native fish must be released pinched down by pliers. Lures may unharmed. Natives include cutthroat have only one hook with a single, trout, mountain whitefish, and Arctic double, or treble configuration. grayling. Each fly may have only one hook. Native Trout Conservation Area Up to two flies may be used on a single leader (commonly referred to No possession limit for nonnative fish, as “dropper,” “dry and dropper,” or including brown, brook, rainbow, and “hopper and dropper”). lake trout (see pages 6–13). You may harvest as many nonnative fish from Except for feathers and other typical this area as you want. fly-tying materials, the hook must be bare. No organic or inorganic baits • All rainbow and brook trout are allowed. Organic baits include caught in the Lamar River drain- fish or fish parts, minnows, salmon age, including portions of Slough eggs, worms, insects, or foodstuffs and Soda Butte creeks, must be such as bread or corn. Inorganic baits killed—it is illegal to release them include rubber worms and plastic alive. (See page 8.) “twister” tails. Scented attractants • All lake trout caught from (liquid and solid baits) are illegal. Yellowstone Lake must be killed— Putting any substance in the water for it is illegal to release them alive. the purpose of attracting fish (chum- ming) is illegal. 3
General Regulations Nonnative Trout Tolerance Area • Firehole River, Madison River, All native fish must be released lower Gibbon River (downstream unharmed. Possession limits exist of Gibbon Falls)—possession of up for nonnative fish in this area. An to five brook trout is allowed. Catch angler must cease fishing in the area and release all rainbow and brown immediately after filling the posses- trout. Whitefish are an important sion limit. (See pages 7 and 10.) native species in the Madison River and they must be released. North Entrance ! Northeast ! Entrance ! Mammoth . Cr h ug Tower Slo C r. ! te ut B da So NORTHEAST REGION La ma rR Norris iv e r ! Canyon N O RT H W E ST ! REGION River el Y lo w n ! Madi s on River Gibbo sto ! e Madison n West Ri v Entrance ¹ er Fishing Bridge ! Fi Lake r eho l ! e Bridge ! Bay Riv East ! Entrance er Old ! Yellowstone Faithful Lake West Thumb! SOUTHEAST ! Grant Village REGION SOUTHWEST REGION Bechler South ! ! Entrance Nonnative Trout Tolerance Area Streams Park Boundary Native Trout Conservation Area Roads Region Boundary 0 5 10 20 miles 4
General Regulations • Lewis River system above Lewis Falls, including Lewis and Shoshone lakes and their tributar- ies—possession of five combined brook, brown or lake trout; only one of which may be a brown trout. It is the responsibility of the angler to be able to identify fish by species. Unintentionally killed fish should be returned to the water so they can be consumed by wildlife. Evidence of species in possession Skin must remain attached so the fish species can be visibly identified. Gills and entrails may be removed in the field, but must be discarded only All vessels require a permit. within the waters where the fish were caught. Boating Vessel inspections & permits All vessels—including float tubes— require a boat permit. All vessels must be checked by National Park Service inspectors to ensure that they are free of aquatic invasive species before entering any park waters. See Yellowstone’s Boating Regulations for details: www.nps.gov Brook trout markings. /yell/planyourvisit/boating.htm. Disposal of fish and entrails Dispose of fish and/or fish entrails within the waters where the fish was caught but not within 100 feet (30.5 m) of boat ramps, docks, or backcountry campsites. Fish can also be disposed of in park trash cans. Bridge and boat dock restrictions No fishing from any road bridge or boat dock. 5
Regional Regulations If a stream or lake is not listed by name or as a tributary, general regulations apply. You must follow bear management and hydrothermal area restrictions listed in the Backcountry Trip Planner, which is available in backcountry offices or at www.nps.gov/yell/planyourvisit/publications.htm. Northwest Region: Includes the Madison and Gallatin river drainages, including Firehole and Gibbon rivers and tributaries. Permanently closed to fishing • Firehole River from road bridge .5 mile (.8 km) upstream of Old Faithful to road bridge at Biscuit Basin, 200 yards (182 m) either side of Midway footbridge. • Madison River from Seven Mile Bridge upstream 250 yards (226 m). Where to take young anglers Flyfishing only: Madison River, Firehole River, Gibbon River below Norris: Gibbon River at Virginia Gibbon Falls (not including their Meadows or other meadows; tributaries). Use only artificial flies Solfatara Creek near Norris regardless of the type of rod or line. campground. Possession limits Madison: Gibbon River near Tuff Cliffs; Large meadow areas of the Native Trout Conservation Area: Firehole, Gibbon, and Madison riv- • Catch and release all native fish. ers near Madison Junction. • No possession limit on nonnative Old Faithful: Firehole River at picnic fish. areas; Nez Perce Creek. Nonnative Trout Tolerance Area: Accessible ramp & platform • Limit of 5 brook trout. At the Mount Haynes Overlook, ap- proximately 3.5 miles (5.6 km) west • Catch and release all rainbow and of Madison Junction. brown trout. 6
Northwest Region Regulations n CT ime c ! S pe Roads Flyfishing ONLY Gallat F an Closed to all fishing in ! CT Park Boundary MW BN Nonnative Trout Tolerance Area RT HWY 191 Native Trout Conservation Area Gra yl i n Bear Management Areas g GY Accessible Ramp & Platform CT To Mammoth eiss n BK G D u ck BN le GY C ou g Ma p ar RT BK BK Norris bon ! ! Gib RT ar Coug GY BK MW CT MW RT To BN BN RT Canyon RT Madison West ! ! Entrance Seven M ad i s o n G i b b on Mile Fi r e BK Bridge BN RT z P er c e ho le Ne BK y BN air RT F Midway Foot Bridge h L i t t le F i r e o l e BN RT ! Old To Grant Faithful Village ! e ol ! eh BK Fir 7
Northeast Region Regulations Northeast Region: ,,,,, North ,, Includes the Yellowstone and Lamar , ! Entrance rivers and tributaries between the north park boundary and Chittenden CT, MW, Bridge near Canyon. BK, BN, RT G ! Mammoth Blacktail BK len Pond G a rd B la Joffee c ne Lake BK BK er r BK dn Lava ar G BK an di In BK n O b s i dia Norris Cany ! To Norris • Blacktail Pond area is closed to public use and travel, including an- Possession limits gling, until July 3 to protect nesting Native Trout Conservation Area: birds and sensitive vegetation. • CatchMadison and release all native fish. • A Yellowstone National Park ! • No possession limit on non- Permit is not required to fish the native fish. Yellowstone River, downstream of Gardiner, Montana. To preserve native cutthroat trout in the Lamar River drainage— includ- Permanently closed to fishing: ing Slough Creek and Soda Butte • Trout Lake inlet stream is perma- Creek—all nonnative fish, includ- nently closed to fishing to protect ing rainbow trout and brook trout, spawning cutthroat trout. must be killed in these areas: • Yellowstone River, from • Lamar River drainage, including Chittenden Bridge near Canyon all tributaries and lakes, upstream downstream through the Grand from the Lamar River Bridge. Canyon of the Yellowstone to a point directly below Silver Cord • Slough Creek drainage, including Cascade, is permanently closed to all tributaries and lakes, upstream fishing to ensure angler safety. from the campground. 8
Northeast Region Regulations Northeast r o aring CT RT CT h RT ff a l o CT ! Entrance ug ble o Sl Peb l CT He l Bu McBride RT Lake CT RT Tower ck ! Trout Lake tai Tower Fall te CT l ut er RT B CT e w a To ch CT d So Ca RT CT RT ne to ws CT l lo CT Ye yon ! Silver Cord Cascade La Chittenden Bridge ar m CT In areas downstream of these loca- tions, killing of nonnative fish is recommended, ! but not required. If it has a red—slash ! put it back: ! Roads Campground Closed to all fishing Park Boundary Lamar River Drainage: All Rainbow and Brook Bear Management Areas trout must be killed. Native Trout ,,, Yellowstone River down- Conservation Area stream of Gardiner, MT: No Yellowstone National Park fishing permit required. 9
Southwest Region Regulations Southwest Region: Includes the Snake and Lewis riv- ers and tributaries; Heart Lake; Lewis and Shoshone lakes; Falls and Bechler rivers and tributaries. Heart Lake opens July 1 Possession limits Nonnative Trout Tolerance Area: • Waters above Lewis Falls, including Lewis and Shoshone lakes and the Lewis Channel—possession limit of five nonnative fish in combina- tion, only one of which can be a brown trout. To Old Faithful Old Faithful ! ! D eL a cy West ! Thumb ! ! Shoshone Grant BN Lake BK Lewis LT Channel BN Lewis BK Lake LT Bo r CT ve CT und a CT MW H i rR RT Lewis LT L h le Falls ry Cre e k B ec r L ew is R i v e RT BK CT e R ive r CT S na k Bechler Riv e r BN ! F a lls CT RT South Entrance ! 10
Southwest Region Regulations • Do not discard lake trout carcasses along the lake shore as they will likely attract bears. Native Trout Conservation Area: • Catch and release all native fish. • No possession limit on nonnative fish. Where to take young anglers Grant: Aster Creek near Lewis Falls; Lewis Lake shoreline; pullouts along the South Entrance Road. ! Lake Roads Park Boundary Western shore of Shoshone Lake. Native Trout Conservation Area Nonnative Trout Tolerance Area Bear Management Areas Heart Lake CT CT MW Sn ak e Riv er CT 11
Southeast Region Regulations Southeast Region: Includes the Yellowstone River upstream of Chittenden Bridge near Canyon, Yellowstone Lake and its tributaries, Middle Creek of the North Fork Shoshone River. Yellowstone Lake opens with the general season Streams flowing into Yellowstone Lake, its tributaries, and areas- within 100 yards (91 m) of each stream’s outlet open July 15. Access to many areas is restricted by Bear Management Area Closures, see the Yellowstone Backcountry Trip Planner for details. • The Yellowstone River and its tributaries in Hayden Valley from Permanently closed to fishing: the confluence of Alum Creek up- stream to Sulphur Cauldron. • The shoreline of Yellowstone Lake from West Thumb Geyser Basin Possession limits to Little Thumb Creek is closed to protect fragile thermal resources. Native Trout Conservation Area: • Catch and release all native fish. • Bridge Bay Marina/Harbor and Grant Village Marina/Harbor and • No possession limit on nonnative their channels to the lake. fish. • Pelican Creek from its mouth to a Where to take young anglers point two miles (3.2 km) upstream. Lake Village: Along Gull Point Drive or Yellowstone River opens July 15. at Sand Point. Permanently closed to fishing: Grant: Aster Creek near Lewis Falls; • Fishing Bridge and an area one Lewis Lake shoreline; Yellowstone mile (1.6 km) downstream (toward Lake shoreline near Grant Marina. Canyon) and 1/4 mile (.4 km) up- stream (toward Yellowstone Lake) from the bridge. • The Yellowstone River 100 yards (91 m) up- and downstream of LeHardys Rapids. 12
Southeast Region Regulations Yellowstone Lake. Norris ! To ! Canyon er CT Ot t CT Ye l l o um t w st Sulphur ou Al Tr eCauldron on Elk ntler CT Mud LeHardys A Volcano Rapids Lake ! ! Bridge ! Fishing Bay Bridge East Entrance Ar nic a CT ! To Old CT Faithful LT CT CT le bin e d CT West BN id um M ol BK ! Thumb C RT CT Grant ! CT CT To South CT Entrance CT Y Roads el l o Closed to all fishing w s to Park Boundary CT ne Native Trout Conservation Area CT Bear Management Areas ! 13
Fish Identification—Native Each individual angler must be able to correctly identify various fish species and comply with appropriate rules and regulations. All native fish are catch-and-release only Cutthroat Trout—CT Widely distributed in many drainages. dark spots on light background few spots on head only species with red jaw slash Cutthrout trout subspecies Two subspecies of cutthroat trout are found in Yellowstone: the west- slope cutthroat and the Yellowstone cutthroat (which has both large- and finespotted varieties). All fish with a red slash are considered cutthroat. If it has a red slash, put it back. Westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus Yellowstone cutthroat trout (large-spotted clarkii lewisi). form; Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri). 14
Fish Identification—Native Mountain Whitefish—MW Distributed throughout Snake and Lewis rivers, other areas as noted on map. large scales small mouth, no teeth body almost round on cross-section Arctic Grayling—GY large, sail-like dorsal fin large scales dark spots on front half of body Distributed throughout Gibbon River, sometimes in Madison and Firehole rivers. 15
Fish Identification—Nonnative Rainbow Trout—RT Widely distributed due to historic stocking. Not present in Yellowstone Lake, Yellowstone River above the Upper Falls, or the Snake River. must be killed in Lamar drainage numerous spots on head often white small scales on edge of fins A note about hybridized (genetically impure) cutthroat trout In cutthroat trout waters where rain- Cutthroat/rainbow trout hybrids will bow trout have been introduced, ei- have characteristics (coloration and ther by intentional, historic stocking spotting patterns) that are consistent or by invasion from a downstream with both species, making identi- source, the result has been a serious fication often difficult. In all cases, degradation of the cutthroat trout hybridized cutthroat trout that have population through interbreeding of any indication of a red/orange jaw the two species. Presently, hybridized slash are fully protected by catch- cutthroat trout exist throughout the and-release regulation. Bechler, Falls, Gallatin, Gardner, and Lamar rivers, and the Yellowstone If it has a red slash, put it back. River below the Upper Falls. 16
Fish Identification—Nonnative Brown Trout—BN Distributed in Gallatin, Gibbon, Firehole, Madison, Lewis, Snake, Gardner, and the Yellowstone rivers. Not present in Yellowstone Lake, Bechler or Falls rivers. pale haloes around black spots Brook Trout—BK light spots, dark worm-like markings background red spots with blue haloes dark and light edge on fins must be killed in Lamar drainage Widely distributed due to historic stocking. Not present in Yellowstone Lake, Yellowstone River above the Upper Falls, or the Gallatin River. 17
Fish Identification—Nonnative Lake Trout—LT numerous spots on head deeply forked white spots, dark tail background often white on edge of fins Distributed in Heart, Lewis, Shoshone, and Yellowstone Lakes. All lake trout must be killed in Yellowstone Lake If you do not want to keep the fish, puncture the air bladder and drop it into water as deep as possible. In the backcountry, dispose of fish entrails and remains in fast moving or deep water. Do not discard trout carcasses along streams as they will attract bears. air bladder 18
Releasing Fish your hands to see what it does. If it struggles to keep itself upright, hold the fish around its tail and beneath its belly with its head facing upstream into the current. Move the fish gently back and forth toward and away from the current. You should notice the gills opening and closing due to the rush of water. This is like giving a fish mouth-to-mouth resuscita- tion. When the fish has recovered, it Hold the fish with wet hands, beneath the should swim away on its own. belly, behind the pectoral fins. Use forceps or small pliers to remove the hook. Tackle, lures, and hooks Hooks and lures typically have barbs For all native fish and any nonnative when purchased. With small pliers fish you intend to release, bring the you must pinch down the barbs. fish in as quickly as possible. Do not Without barbs more skill is required play the fish to exhaustion. in landing and bringing in fish but Unhook the fish in quiet water such hook removal is easier and less trau- as an eddy or slow spot. Do not drag matic to the fish. the fish across land. Use forceps or Spinning lures typically have three small needle-nosed pliers to quickly hooks called treble hooks. With wire remove the hook. cutters you can snip off one of the Always make sure your hands are hooks or snap one off with pliers; you wet if you must handle the fish. Dry also must pinch down all the barbs. hands damage a fish’s protective Two hooks are still effective, easier to mucous film. Hold the fish with one remove, and less traumatic. hand around the tail section and the If the fish is deeply hooked, cut the other beneath the belly, just behind line, do not pull out the hook. Most the pectoral fins. Never grab or hold fish can survive with hooks left in. a fish through the gills unless it is already dead. If you want a photo of the fish, make sure the photographer is ready before you handle the fish. Make it quick. Never just throw a fish back into the water. If a fish becomes passive, it is probably close to exhaustion. Gently remove the hook within calm water, then lightly cradle the fish with 19
Frequently Asked Questions Why are the same fish species regulated differently in different areas of the park? Park fishing regulations are designed to protect native fish and aquatic ecosystems, provide recreational opportunities, and also preserve the tradition of angling in Yellowstone. Cutthroat trout, Arctic grayling, mountain whitefish, and other native in the Lamar and Grayling Creek fishes are important to the ecology of drainages and Yellowstone Lake, Yellowstone. Because cutthroat trout are described in the park’s native and Arctic grayling inhabit relatively fish conservation plan. Goals are to shallow waters, many animals depend reduce the risk of extinction, restore on them as a food source, especially and maintain the ecological role, and during spring when the fish spawn in create sustainable angling and view- small lake inlets and tributary streams. ing opportunities for native fish. Angling is an important part of the Why can’t we fish from Fishing park’s cultural history. Nonnative Bridge? trout are important to the angler Fishing Bridge, situated over a cut- experience in Yellowstone, but they throat trout spawning area, was once contribute to the decline in the park’s a popular place to fish. Declining native cutthroat trout and Arctic numbers of cutthroat trout caused grayling by competing for food and park officials to close the bridge to habitat, preying on native fish, and fishing to protect the spawning fish. degrading the genetic integrity of na- tive fish by hybridizing with them. Why are barbless hooks required? Yellowstone is making a substantial, Barbless hooks reduce injuries and on-the-ground effort to conserve the time needed to handle fish, and native fish in several areas. These improve the overall condition of trout actions, which are currently focused in heavily-fished waters of the park. Why is fishing lead-free in Yellowstone? Lead is a toxic environmental con- taminant. Wildlife such as water- fowl, cranes, and shorebirds, are vulnerable to lead poisoning. Of particular concern in Yellowstone are the alarmingly low populations of trumpeter swans and loons. 20
Aquatic Invasive Species STOP Aquatic Invasive Species All vessels must be checked by National Park Service inspectors to ensure that they are free of aquatic invasive species before entering any park waters. See Yellowstone’s Boating Regulations for details: www.nps.gov /yell/planyourvisit/boating.htm. Before you enter Yellowstone National Park and any time you move to another body of water within the park: CLEAN • INSPECT • DRY 1. REMOVE ALL water, mud, plants, fish, tiny animals, or other foreign material from your boats, trailers, and other equipment—including waders, boots, clothing, and nets—before you enter Yellowstone National Park. 2. DO NOT BRING BAIT into Yellowstone National Park. No natural or organic bait such as minnows, salmon eggs, worms, insects, or foodstuffs—alive or dead—are allowed. See General Regulations on pages 2 and 3 for details. 3. DO NOT DUMP WATER from other sources into Yellowstone waters. Drain your boat hull and live well in a safe location (a flat, paved, dirt, or gravel area) away from all park surface waters. 4. NEVER MOVE water, fish, other animals, or plants from one stream or lake to another. It is illegal to transport live fish within the park. 5. THOROUGHLY CLEAN everything that comes in contact with water before leaving your fishing site. Ensure gear is clean and dry before fishing another stream or lake. See Yellowstone’s Aquatic Invasive Species brochure for additional details www.nps.gov/yell/planyourvisit/fishingexotics.htm 21
For More Information If you have questions about information in this guide, please contact: Visitor Services Office P.O. Box 168 Yellowstone National Park, WY 82190 307-344-2107 For more information about Yellowstone fisheries, go to: www.nps.gov/yell/planyourvisit/fishing.htm All maps and photos are NPS (public domain) except: Pages 14,15,17, and 18 ©Jay Fleming Photography. Page 3 ©New South Wales Department of Trade and Investment, Regional Infrastructure and Services. Page 15 ©Zac Sexton
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