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THE
KN WLEDGE
ISSUE 6 | SEPTEMBER 2016
World Green Building Week 2016 special
W e l c o m e. . . Click to tweet us
WGBW 2016
CONTENTS
Julie Hirigoyen PAGE CHANGING PERSPECTIVES
WGBW 2016
CEO, UK-GBC
Changing perspectives on green 3 ON GREEN BUILDINGS
buildings
to house their populations, to stimulate growth, to build
Science Based Targets 4 Terri Wills new infrastructure for health, education and industry. But
This edition of The Knowledge is even more jam packed
How are you changing your 5 following Buildings Day, there was a new view that building
perspective? CEO, World Green can still can achieve all these goals – but at the same time
than usual, as it’s released to coincide with World Green
Building Council bring about major change to the global climate.
Building Week. This international movement is marked
across all five continents, by over 70 Green Building
Councils and their 27,000 members. It feels great to add LEADERSHIP & INNOVATION We know that sustainability within buildings must focus
on reducing emissions in order to meet the ambition of the
W
our own unique contribution to such an essential cause! Disruption in the ‘Dragon’s Den’ 7 hen people think about combatting climate Paris Agreement, and that there is an increasingly strong
This year’s World Green Building Week theme is ‘Change
Future Leaders Business Models 8-9 change, certain images pop into their heads: business case for it. But like many complex and wide-
coal power stations replaced by solar panels; ranging challenges, there are other aspects to sustainability,
Your Perspective’. So this edition contains articles from Finding your ‘leadership edge’ in a 10-11
smog-spewing trucks superseded by silent electric with multiple and differing priorities depending on the local
our team and from our members designed to help you do changing world vehicles; sprawling highways transforming into green context. For example, our Green Building Council in South
just that. Here at UK-GBC, we are championing Science
Based Targets – a rigorous way for businesses to set
Rising Star Award 2017 11 streets, filled with cyclists and pedestrians. Africa places an emphasis on socio-economic issues such as
employment or skills within its green building certification,
meaningful carbon reduction targets that would hold us
while in the UK, addressing health and wellbeing in green
to the 2 degrees of global warming target. Our aim is to
inspire more of our members to change their perspective
KNOWLEDGE & SKILLS But what most people don’t picture is a building. What buildings is of particular importance to the UK Green
they don’t realise is that buildings actually contribute one Building Council.
on how far they can go with their own ambitions, and to Land Securities: Sustainability training 12
third of global greenhouse gas emissions, and so getting
stretch them even further. Case Study: 119 Ebury Street 13 buildings to be greener can offer one third of the solution As a global organisation working to promote green
Top Tips: Health and Wellbeing in 14-15 to climate change – and more. building around the world, it is our job to support our
But changing our perspective also requires us to think
Green Building Councils to pursue what they believe to be
beyond current paradigms, and to challenge business as Offices the most important aspects of sustainability – ones that will
Did you know, for example, that the average green building
usual. So it feels very apt to be publishing the six fantastic
saves around 25% more energy and uses 11% less water ultimately lead to buildings that leave a lighter footprint on
business ideas of our latest cohort of Future Leaders.
than a regular building? Or that state-of-the-art individual our planet, but that also enable people to thrive and live a
Launched only last week at our sell-out “Disrupt to HEALTH & WELLBEING higher quality of life. And this is where we seek to further
green buildings are capable of producing no emissions at
Construct” event, these will give a flavour of the disruptive Healthy Neighbourhoods 16-17 all? And that the green building industry is set to account change people’s perspective.
ideas emerging from our increasingly high-profile Future
for 3.3 million US jobs by 2018? Maybe not. And that’s
Leaders programme. It’s these sort of ideas that the industry
why the theme for this year’s World Green Building Week, The average person spends around 90% of their time
will need to adopt if it’s to achieve a zero carbon future. ENERGY & CARBON our annual awareness raising event, is focused on changing within buildings, but how much do they really think
IKEA: 100% renewables by 2020 18 people’s perspectives. about the building itself, and how it’s affecting them as
We include a handful of examples of UK-GBC members
individuals? They may only see inanimate structures, but
making changes in their own businesses to achieve greater Embodied Carbon Guidance 19 On Monday [26 September], the World Green Building buildings are so much more than that: they are the places
impact: Land Securities’ with its sustainability training
programmes for staff; and Ikea with its ambitious 100%
Regeneration and Retrofit Task Group 19 Council, its global network of over 70 national Green in which we work, play, socialise, learn, rest, heal and
Building Councils and their 27,000 member companies more. And we believe it’s through interesting and often
renewables goal.
operating in the building industry, kicked off this flagship untold facts and figures that we can genuinely change how
Finally, we’re hoping our own office refurb will change
UK-GBC NEWS event, now in its seventh year. Through a range of people think about green buildings, and foster a deeper
activities from panel debates and seminars, to conferences connection between them and the places they inhabit. For
the industry’s perspective on what’s possible in a small UK-GBC office refurb 20-21
and site tours, the week highlights how green buildings example, how green buildings demonstrate a 27% higher
space. We’re very excited to be moving back into it during New faces at UK-GBC 22-23 are the most effective means to achieving a range of occupant satisfaction than a regular building. Or how
World Green Building Week, and extremely proud of the
Policy Update 23 environmental, social and economic goals, from addressing office workers with windows have been shown to sleep 46
outstanding contribution of so many of our members who
climate change to creating sustainable homes, businesses minutes more per night.
have donated their time, expertise, and products towards New members 23 and communities.
this hugely ambitious project.
Sustainability often focuses on efforts to reduce our impact
Climate change is, in the words of G20 world leaders such on the environment, which is undoubtedly critical. But we
Happy World Green Building Week!
as Barack Obama and Angela Merkel, “one of the greatest should also consider how to closely align sustainability with
challenges of our time”. And buildings hold the solution people. It is, after all, people who we design buildings for,
CONTACT US to it. Last year at the COP21 climate change conference
in Paris, we held a Buildings Day, where for the first time,
and who will benefit from our efforts to make them more
sustainable.
CLICK H
Editor: Sam Wheeler politicians and business leaders from around the world
Website: www.ukgbc.org came together to celebrate the role that green building This article was originally published as part of
Where you see this icon, click Email: theknowledge@ukgbc.org can play in combatting climate change. Their perspectives Ecobuild’s series on Redefining Sustainability -
ERE
Twitter: @UKGBC and @UKGBCPinpoint about building changed too – previously, it was a means #SustainabilityIs
for more related recources Phone: 020 7580 0623
www.ukgbc.org The Knowledge | 3
WGBW 2016 WGBW 2016
CLICK H
ERE
Click for related resources
HOW ARE YOU CHANGING PERSPECTIVES
CHANGE YOUR PERSPECTIVE: DURING WORLD GREEN BUILDING WEEK?
We asked some of our UK-GBC members to tell us more:
SCIENCE-BASED TARGETS Open innovation tends to be associated
with fast changing consumer sectors
Inspired by working with the
Cambridge Conservation Initiative
but at Tata Steel we think it can create (CCI) - a partnership of organisations
As part of World Green Building Week, UK-GBC is championing Science Based Targets (SBTs) and encouraging
opportunities in any industry. Through our open committed to global habitat conservation
organisations to adopt this responsible approach in setting their targets for emission reductions. In essence,
innovation portal last year, a simple one liner was and biodiversity - we are interested in how
SBTs are about looking objectively at an organisation’s carbon footprint and calculating what reductions need
submitted to us from an SME who had developed a project specific objectives within environmental
to be achieved if we are to meet the ‘less than two degrees’ warming scenario laid out in the Paris Agreement.
new composite steel panel with a unique 3D locking strategies that capture the aspirations of
This is not about picking easy targets you know you can meet; it’s about targeting a meaningful reduction to
method for construction applications. Following building users can transform assessment
tackle climate change.
close working with the SME and their partner, processes.
along with SPECIFIC in South Wales, Tata Steel
helped turn that one liner into the main structure Mechanics that can sometimes be rather
The Science Based Targets initiative identifies that most of estate company to publically set science based targets.
for the ‘Active Classroom’ at Swansea University, technical and excluding suddenly become
the targets currently set by private sector organisations are The company has shown leadership by recognising the
which demonstrates how buildings can be Power real project drivers that excite passion and
not of a magnitude to meet the threat posed by climate link between stretching carbon reduction targets and
Stations. We are sure there are more opportunities commitment when users can help shape the
change. Either they do not cover a meaningful percentage energy efficiency, productivity and innovation. Land
in sustainable construction that can be developed targets. In light of this, widening environmental
of the organisation’s emissions, they are insufficiently Securities and the Carbon Trust calculated the required
through open innovation. You can join one of Tata strategies to embrace project specific objectives
long-term, or they are simply not ambitious enough. This decarbonisation for both the entire commercial real estate
Steel’s events during World Green Building week is our mission this week.”
is because most targets are set in response to existing sector and the Land Securities portfolio. Using this ground-
to learn more about this and how to ‘Change your
or expected regulations, or are based on projects or breaking analysis, the company set an ambitious target of
Perspective’.”
investments that are underway or in the pipeline. Such achieving 40% reduction in the carbon intensity in property Carol Lelliott, Partner, Nicholas Hare Architects
approaches to target setting may deliver incremental under management for at least two years by 2030 when
reductions, but they will not lead to the low-carbon compared with a 2013/14 baseline. Pete Longdon, Manager, New Technology and
transformation of businesses and economies we need to Innovation, Tata Steel
tackle global warming.
UK-GBC is working alongside the Science Based
Organisations showing leadership in this sphere by signing Targets initiative to help inform organisations about
up to SBTs will have two years to define their targets and SBTs. In November, UK-GBC is hosting a masterclass, Cundall is at the forefront of healthy design, with our London office in line to be the first
develop a method and structure to meet their SBTs. These aimed at business leaders and sustainability project in Europe to receive the WELL Building Standard®. World Green Building Week is part of
front-runners will be required to produce a detailed method professionals, looking at how to set SBTs for future the action we take to share our knowledge and make a difference. This year, we are conducting
statement explaining how their targets will be achieved, emission reductions. workshops in 18 of our offices around the world, getting our clients, contacts and colleagues thinking
through strategies such as efficiency improvements; about the impact buildings have on human and planetary health. We will report on the findings in
adopting cleaner energy or restructuring some or all of their Visit Science Based Targets for more information. January 2017 – which will influence the way we, and hopefully others, design buildings.”
business plans.
Amie Shuttleworth, Head of Sustainability, Cundall
Land Securities, a Gold Leaf Member of UK-GBC, made
history this year by becoming the first commercial real
4 | The Knowledge www.ukgbc.org www.ukgbc.org The Knowledge | 5
UK-GBC ACTIVITIES: LEADERSHIP & INNOVATION
WHAT’S ON?
WEBINAR
Health & Wellbeing
LIFECYCLE COURSE
Smart Investments:
MASTERCLASS
How to: Deliver healthy DISRUPTION IN THE DRAGON’S DEN
Residential Funding, valuing and residential buildings
Details: 11 October, 10am, Online
aquiring new buildings Details: 1 November, 8.30-11.30am
and a red face from the stage lights (obviously a career
Learn how the housing sector can Gain a deeper understanding of
Zoe Young in film is definitely off the cards). Fellow Future Leaders
Details: 19 October, 9 - 12.30 shared similar feelings of pre public speaking nerves – jelly
better integrate health and wellbeing Understand the business case and the topic of health and wellbeing in Property Plan A Project legs, the fear of falling onto the stage, and shaky hands.
principles into homes. strategies for responsible property residential buildings. But more importantly we also felt excited, excited to be
Manager, Marks &
Book now investment. Book now presenting our business model standing side by side with a
Spencer
Book now group of committed, supportive and trusted colleagues, to
a room full of industry experts who had the knowledge and
I
t seemed apt that the culmination of the 2016 power to help make the vision a reality. A feeling we must
UKGBC Future Leaders Programme was taking place have shared with the entrepreneurs who has taken the
in the month of September. Like the first day of a stage before us.
new school year, 24 property professionals arrived
with much anticipation at the Ugly Duck (the original You will be pleased to know that nine months had set us
home of Dragon’s Den) in their smartest business up to tell our stories and survive the grilling of the industry
attire. dragons. Nine months has also set us up with the tools
and techniques to disrupt the status quo in our industry.
The difference? It was actually the accumulation of nine And most importantly the nine months has set us up
months of leadership and innovation training. Nine months with a network of like-minded individuals who, as Future
in which 24 young professionals had developed six new Leader Alumni, can all work together to make our visions a
business models set to disrupt the built environment. Nine reality. Watch this space….soon you could be cycling from
months in which we had been sitting on the edge of chaos. your perfect office found through GiveUsSpace, to your
EVENT MASTERCLASS EVENT Aplotment for some evening gardening, via a healthy
What had started with six major ‘problems’ – the ageing route mapped out by Breathable. Or moving into a Stay
LENDERS project update How to: Set science- UK-GBC Christmas population, energy consumption, poor air quality, lack Well adapted Salmo home, built from 2nd Life materials.
Details: 2 November, 8.30-10.30am
based targets Recption of access to nature, flooding and resource depletion – Now wouldn’t that be a visionary future!
turned into six innovative business propositions – 2nd
LENDERS project is testing the use Details: 8 December, 6pm Life, Breathable, GiveUsSpace, Salmo, Stay Well and
Details: 8 November, 8.30-12.30 You can read more about each of these projects on
of EPC and other building data in This popular event is not only Aplotments. If nothing else we had proved we could all
Understand how to implement the following pages and download the full document
estimating energy costs on individual as a fun, relaxing break in the develop a catchy business name. And, as we all walked into
science-based targets to reduce your on the website.
homes and look at the potential to run up to Christmas, but also a that room which had been the platform for multi million
business’ greenhouse gas emissions.
incorporate that estimate into the fantastic opportunity to network pound business ventures (think Reggae Reggae Sauce and
Book now To learn more about the Future Leaders programme,
mortgage affordability calculation. This with representatives of leading the Tangle Teezer), the excitement and nervousness could
update event will be an opportunity visit the website or email leaders@ukgbc.org.
organisations from across the sector. be felt as we prepared to present the fruits of our labour.
to find out about the progress of the Book now
project and hear some of the interim The stage was set. Nick Jankel, who has steered us through
findings. our Future Leaders journey, gave us a final pep talk, and
CLICK H
Book now we were ready to share nine months of work with our
Click for related resources
ERE
industry dragons. We were asked to remember how it felt
when we got on stage. For me it was a raised heart beat
6 | The Knowledge www.ukgbc.org www.ukgbc.org The Knowledge | 7
PROJECT 3 - GIVEUSSPACE
LEADERSHIP & INNOVATION
their
Occupier posts
the platform
requirements on :
KEY BENEFIT ation
a detailed specific
easily provide
Customers can team’s particu
lar needs
matched to their
There is ever-growing evidence that workplaces exert a powerful influence
over the health and productivity of the workforce. GiveUsSpace flips the
current business model on its head. Building on trends in both property
ond with bids
Providers resp pier’s post
against the occu
and other sectors, it provides a quick and easy-to-use platform on which
ider
Occupier and provback
KEY BENEFIT:
Customers receive
reflecting the
a wide range
choice availab
of offers, better
le in the market SME office occupiers can specify their precise requirements and wait for
supply feed
Two-way review
KEY BENEFIT:
systems encoura
ges
ous
offers to come to them. By making it easy for customers to compare the
and drives continu
collaboration
improvement
in building quality .COM various offers they receive from office providers and their representatives,
DISRUPTING TODAY TO BUILD
your perfect offi
ce finds you the website will encourage competition in the market, and drive up quality.
Where
ws bids and
Occupier revie provider
chooses preferred
the lease KEY BENEFIT:
TOMORROW’S BUSINESS IDEAS
Occupier signs
ers to easily
allows custom
The platform
and moves in
n offers
choose betwee
compare and
of criteria
KEY BENEFIT: based on a range
provides for easy
The platform
nication, with
and direct commu t
ce and suppor
a host of guidan
Following a review of the key drivers for change and
a look towards the future operating conditions of Download the the resilient rev
Creating the connec
olution
the built environment, 24 Future Leaders from across
tions for a flood
full document
free future
PROJECT 4 - SALMO
Salmo offers
a collaboratio
people togeth n model, bringi
er to mitigate ng
the built environment sector set about developing an
the impact of
flooding on local
benefits for those
communities
and generate
Developer
who get involv
ed. Return on invest
ment
from the sale
of non-
innovative new business model. Working in teams, You can download the
salmo houses
the Future Leaders worked through a structured full publication, which Floods devastate lives and create long-term emotional and financial
process of innovation, enabling them to devise stress for homeowners at the greatest risk of flooding. In the winter of
includes extended detils 2015/2016 alone the ABI estimated the cost of flooding to be £1.3bn. We
sustainable business models which challenge existing
operating conditions, and ensure the environmental on each project, on our are offering a regeneration model that supports the relocation of those
in high flood risk areas as part of a wider redevelopment, which uniquely
and social aspects are considered alongside the website, here. offers homeowners the choice of greater security and certainty, and
revenue generating potential. creates a more sustainable use for the flood plain. The regeneration model
will create value for all those with a stake in flood risk areas, and the
neighbouring communities, in a future of uncertainty and disruption.
Find out more about our Future Leaders programme Resilient business
Economic grow
on the website.
th from
flood resistant
industries
Home owner
• Reduction in
insurance prem
iums
• Protect asset
value
PROJECT 1 - 2ND LIFE
al
PROJECT 5 - STAYWELL
rial
Unused mate hcare profession
te Proactive healt
separated on-si
fits:
1 GP / NHS bene tments and so
increases capaci
ty
e professional of repeated appoin
Reac tive healthcar • Lessens chance ing patient wellbe
ing
function of increas
• Aids GPs core al beds
The industry produces 109m tonnes of construction waste each year, of • Reduces cost
• Helps GPs to
to NHS/CCG
connect medica
and frees up hospit
l conditions
plan to mitiga
that are resultant of home
te or even circum
vent future
and prepare a
which 14m tonnes is delivered left unused. The knock on environmental
environments
ions
medical condit
ive medical care
• Allows GPs to
provide proact
By the end of the next decade, the number of people aged over 60 in the
impact and costs associated with re-manufacturing and transportation are
UK will increase by a third. Stay Well will create a collaborative connection
vast and make little economic sense. Thus, we need to challenge the status
between healthcare professionals and the built environment sector. A
rial
Unused mate
reused 2 collected
quo and demonstrate the alternative ways in which such materials can be
15% of waste
with home that
Aging person
idual needs
Profit magin improv
ed
meets their indiv health risk assessment by GPs resulting in a prescription-based system to
Value added 5
given a 2nd Life. is
Comm unity rewarded
Environmental
Aging person
with home that
detrimental to
their health
social enterprise
enabling health
care practitioners
e prescription-
and built
based
home adaptations, physical and smart, will future-proof homes for aging
d Stay Well is a rate and provid
occupants. Pivotal to this is Stay Well’s training to the built environment
impact reduce ctors to collabo a
g them to live
2nd life acredit
ed 2nd Life believes that unused construction materials are an economic, environment contra
modifications
sustainable and
to an aging person
indepe ndent life
’s home, allowin
for longer
social and environmental opportunity today. The 2nd Life model gives Aging person
bene fits:
meeting likely
future health
requirements sector to allow them to achieve accreditation as later life specialists. Likewise,
accessible home,
today to
Stay Well will offer health professionals training on the opportunities that
• Safe, warm,
running costs
re-use materials
build a better
tomorrow these unused materials a new lease of life by providing local people and • Lower energy
• Indepe ndent
bills and home
living for longer with
reduced relianc
ms and needs
e on other people
for hospital stays
community projects with access to valuable materials that others deem to
• Lower risk of
health proble
• Increased social
wellbeing by remain
ing in home comm
unity
ed built
pro-active home adaptations can provide to the occupants. We believe that a
Accredited, trust
ssional
be waste. Contractor bene
fits:
environment profe Stay Well home is a great home.
nt professional
trust in them
ial customers’ g market
Built environme • Improves potent
to a largely untapp
ed and growin
pre-training • Allows them
greater access
advantage over
other contractors
with competitive benefits
Materials • Provides them
offering provid
ing procurement
3 locally stored value to their ethods
• Adds social assura nce of their skills/m
with independent ped by Stay Well
• Provides them es as they’re develo
ss to
Community acce 4 • Access to CPD
and further modul
rials
low-cost mate
Grow your own
BEFORE...
PROJECT 2 - BREATHABLE
– for urban living
HOW ARE SITES
Air-aware
Your current air
SELECTED?
quality:
Land owners
SOx (ppm) currently pay
to maintain sites;
VOC (ppm) removal of Our urban environm
Businesses
fly tipped waste, ent is
CO (ppm) weed increasingly dense
clearance and with front
vegetation gardens disappea
NOx (ppm) maintenance, ring and
security, etc. increased living
in high rise
Businesses purch apartments. At
the same
ase breathable time demand
to monitor an service for allotments
has never been
improve air qualit higher.
y
In 2015 9000 people in London died prematurely from breathing poor
quality air. Deaths and illnesses, such as undeveloped lungs in children,
Air-aware
live, accurate
quality mapp
air
PROJECT 6 - APLOTMENTS
Personal air ing
associated with polluted air, cost the UK up to £19billion annually. Our quality sensor Employees
platform, breathable, raises awareness and empowers individual and
Established
Air-aware citiz Proposed
Areas of deficien
ens cy in access to
nature (GiGL)
and business
collective change through aggregating live, crowd-sourced air pollution Alert!
Breathable has
unsafe levels
detected
of NOx
Imagine if our cities were blooming with flowers and vegetables; wouldn’t Urban Aplotment
neglected space
to connect with
s; micro-allotment
s into oases where
s, will transform
people can come
we all feel a bit less stressed, happier even? Have you ever noticed how
nature and each together
data from sensors and combining it with personalised alerts and suggested
Find out what
this means other.
AFTER...
◆ We are a not-f
View solutions
or-profit organ
isation.
(sponsored)
actions. We will provide customers a unique service with accurate exposure many neglected pockets of space there are across our cities? Urban ◆ We want to
currently have
bring nature to
little easy acces
those who
s.
Air-alerts
Aplotments; micro-allotments, will transform neglected spaces into oases
LANDOWNER
◆ We prioritise
data and provide alerts when exposure reaches levels harmful to health. new aplotment Will be charged
individual expos than 1km away sites in areas improvements
a small annual
fee in return for APLOTMENT USERS
ure from existing more made to their
and ongoing maintena site (site clearance
the
monitoring green space. equal to their nce). The fee will
will pay a monthly
rental fee for
access
where people can come together to connect with nature and each other.
current outgoing be roughly to their own micro-all
site (£500-£2 s for managin otment plot.
Personalised behavioural and technical solutions will help people take
,000), g the The charge will
they are contribut with the added bonus that depending on
be £10-£30/month,
ing to a communi exact location
ty benefit. size of site. and
WHAT ARE THE
BENE FITS?
action to create a cleaner, healthier environment for all. Airways
New route suggestion:
Empowered
individuals
With the proceeds of each site, we will grow and replicate across the cities ☑ Opportunit
☑ Improves your
y to grow your
own food
health and well-b
☑ Increases biodiv eing
of the UK. That way we all get a little more connected to nature. Doesn’t ☑ Helps to impro
☑ Increased
ersity
ve local air qualit
pollutant absor
y
that sound like a city better for you?
Solutions prov ☑ Micro-clima ption
Crowd source iders pay te cooling – reduc
SOx (ppm)
breathable to ☑ Reduces rainw ed urban heat
d air island effect
VOC (ppm)
promote CO (ppm) ater run-off
☑ Social intera
quality data their services. NOx (ppm)
Individuals pay ☑ Community
ction
for premium cohesion
access to brea ☑ Help reduc
thable app e crime, graff
Air-actions iti and other antiso
cial behaviour
personalised sugge
stions
8 | The Knowledge www.ukgbc.org www.ukgbc.org The Knowledge | 9
CLICK H
LEADERSHIP & INNOVATION Click for related LEADERSHIP & INNOVATION
ERE
resources
Presence
• Courageous, authentic and adaptable leadership
Get ready to nominate your
is absolutely critical in a changing world. A theme Rising Star of 2017
discussed at the recent event was ‘de-egotised
leadership’. How is your organisation creating a culture
for this evolving leadership style?
• Avoid complacency – is OK ever good enough? No
matter how well things seem to be going, keeping
FINDING YOUR ‘LEADERSHIP EDGE’
colleagues engaged with vision is key to maintaining
motivation and excellence in delivery.
• Leadership presence is needed if we are to find a way
IN A CHANGING WORLD
to balance business as usual and transformational
change.
A great example of challenging business as usual to
help an organisation better achieve its goals is Paul
leadership style - purpose-driven, visionary, and courageous
Polman, CEO of Unilever, who told the Board that
Cat Hirst - sadly not traits typically associated with our sector. So in
quarterly reporting was not an effective way to track
my view, leadership must start with individuals, challenging Nominations for the Rising Star Award 2017 will
progress against their aims.
Head of Leadership and themselves to move to the edge of their comfort zone in open on Wednesday 26 October. The award, now
Innovation order to achieve results. Finding this ‘Leadership Edge’ was in its fifth year, is an opportunity to nominate a
Empowerment
the theme of our most recent Leaders’ Network event. colleague or peer who has made a real difference to
We invited our sectors’ most senior leaders to talk about the sustainability agenda and shine a light on their
• We all know how it feels to be on the ‘hamster wheel’
what leadership meant for them – and we added our achievements.
of life. Not particularly conducive to creative thinking.
I
Future Leaders in to the mix to explore how new styles of
love my job. I get to work closely with many How can we give people space and remit to reflect,
leadership were beginning to emerge. Nominations will close at 4pm on Friday 16 December.
leaders across the built environment industry – innovate, and challenge the status quo?
those with many years of experience, and those • Sustainable innovation is a mindset, not a function. Are The judges will use your nomination to select a long-
Here’s my take on the key themes from the event, and list, so don’t be afraid to use specific examples or tell
who are starting on their leadership journey. It’s you cultivating that?
some inspiration as to how to unlock the potential of these stories, this helps us to understand why you think they
my firm belief you don’t have to be a CEO or senior • Leadership is required at every level, not just the top.
personal leadership themes - vision and purpose, presence, really deserve recognition.
director to be a leader. And with the scale of the How do we as an industry empower for that?
empowerment, and transparency.
UK Green Building Council’s (UK-GBC) mission - to
radically transform the sustainability of the built Read PwC’s take on why empowerment is crucial to Nominees who make this year’s long-list will be asked
Vision and purpose to provide a short written showcase submission to
environment - we are most definitely going to need managing a younger workforce.
leadership at every level. the judges, with a shortlist being contacted in late
• Having a clear purpose is crucial if we are to drive January for additional evidence (which will include a
Transparency
change and deliver true impact. Business experts make short video).
the case that purpose is key to performance, while
A common theme across leaders within the UK-GBC • We’re not always known as an honest industry and the
psychologists describe it as the pathway to health Judging panel for 2017:
membership is a sense of responsibility to the future of complexity of the built environment supply chain can
and wellbeing. Are you sufficiently connected and
this industry and society: we deliver the places people live lead us to behave in a fragmented way. How can we
committed to your organisations purpose, and how • Claire Battles, Balfour Beatty
and work and to do that sustainably we need to attract create the conditions for unprecedented collaboration
does that chime with your own leadership purpose? • Su Butcher, Just Practising
the best talent and stay ahead in a changing world. And and more honest, authentic leadership?
• Purpose is important because it connects people of • Lindsey Malcolm, XCO2
that’s not easy. Staying ahead is tough, especially when • Diversity is about more than the male/female split on
whatever level or role to a shared mission. Does your • Andrew Mellor, PRP
we can’t predict the future, and the rate of technological, a board. It’s about ensuring we have the diversity of
Board have collective understanding and embodiment • Lisa Pasquale, Six Cylinder (2016 winner)
demographic, and economic change is mindboggling. perspectives in everything we do - in our organisations,
of the collective purpose of your organisation? • Joseph Williams, UK-GBC
But we can identify and respond to the signals of on our projects, and it will involve new partnerships
• Visionary leadership is needed in a sector where
change, constantly scanning the horizon for the trends, we’ve never considered before. How are you nurturing
innovation takes time to become reality in built assets. Read more about the awards, including guidance on
technologies, and innovations that have the power to this diversity in your business?
We need to be able to communicate that vision to staff who and how to nominate on our website.
disrupt our industry - the way we design, construct and and customers as change needs to be cultural, not
operate the built environment. Also read Harvard Business Review’s analysis of who
strategy-led, to be successful. How are you telling your #RisingStar17
are the highest performing CEOs, and why.
story?
But in my view, horizon scanning and strategy planning
will only get us so far. We need to leverage our personal In partnership with:
Want to know more? Take a look at these Principles
leadership skills to embrace change, and shift our industry for Sustainability Leadership from London Business
to one known for creativity, diversity, and adaptability. To find out more about our Leaders’ Network,
School, published in The Guardian, or read about the Future Leaders programme and Leadership
Innovative buildings, environments and businesses are rarely traits of five visionary CEOs. You can also see the
achieved with incremental change and a ‘this is how we’ve Accelerator, please visit the website or email
power of purpose at Patagonia. leaders@ukgbc.org.
always done things’ approach. Innovation requires a certain
10 | The Knowledge www.ukgbc.org www.ukgbc.org The Knowledge | 11
KNOWLEDGE & SKILLS KNOWLEDGE & SKILLS
CASE STUDY:
119 EBURY STREET
SUSTAINABILITY IN PRACTICE: LAND
SECURITIES TRAINING
UK-GBC is working with Land Securities to implement a sustainability training programme in order to drive
change and sustainability awareness throughout the business.
The programme, developed by UK-GBC in consultation
with Land Securities, involves three levels of learning for Land Securities are demonstrating real
all staff. Level 1 is an online awareness raising module leadership with the Sustainability Matters
that conveyed to employees why sustainability matters at training programme. By working with us to
Land Securities, how it is relevant to the business and what train all staff on sustainability- in a way that ensures
it means for each person, both at work and home. This relevance to their role- shows serious commitment.
We’re already seeing the impact the training is
The Grade II listed building at 119 Ebury by an estimated 46% less than the building pre-
module launched in February 2016, and at least 95% of development.
have in engaging people right across the business Street was granted listed building consent
the business will have completed it this year. • 119 Ebury Street will be monitored over a two-year
in sustainability. An incredibly powerful initiative for Grosvenor to pilot a sustainable retrofit
development in 2013. The project was identified period.
for raising awareness, nurturing sustainability
• Sustainable material selection and specification
leadership, and driving behavioural change.” as a pilot to push the boundaries of sustainable
throughout the three apartments including; recycled
development in listed residential buildings bottle splashbacks, bamboo flooring and low VOC
Cat Hirst, Head of Learning and Innovation, UK-GBC and monitor how occupiers interact with new paints.
sustainable technologies. Grosvenor were • Retained heritage features including; sash windows,
able to collaborate with Westminster Council the original staircase, cornices and mouldings, joinery,
Level 3 will follow next year, and through a series of in and Historic England and are aiming to set a original fireplaces, wall and ceiling finishes.
depth masterclasses, learning on key topics will be further precedent for future planning policies on listed
reinforced. buildings. Post Occupancy Evaluation
Staff awareness is also being raised through real buildings. The purpose of monitoring is to provide a post occupancy
Location: Belgravia, London evaluation on the performance of the apartments and
The messages within the Sustainability Matters programme Project Team: Grosvenor Britain and Ireland
will be played out later this year when Land Securities how the end user interacts with the sustainable features.
(Developer), David Morley Architects (Architect), 119 Ebury Street will be monitored and compared to 125
move to their new head office at 80-100 Victoria Street, Grangewood Builders (Contractor), Eight Associates
SW1, where thoughtful refurbishment has already achieved Ebury Street, recently upgraded to Grosvenor’s minimum
(Environmental Consultant) standards, to put forward the business case for a more
BREEAM Outstanding at design stage. Rating: BREEAM ‘Outstanding’ at the design stage sustainable approach to retrofitting listed buildings.
for a Grade II Listed Building
The second stage is the level 2 training programme which For more information about UK-GBC Learning and Completed: 2016
Development, please visit the website or contact Grosvenor has commissioned a two-year monitoring
includes targeted training sessions are for key business program to cover:
functions who have the biggest impact on meeting elfrida.hamilton-russell@ukgbc.org Project Highlights
the business sustainability commitments and delivering • The project won the 2015 Best Global BREEAM • Energy, fuel and water consumption
performance. You can find more examples of sustainability best Residential Refurbishment Award for its sustainable
practice in our recent UK-GBC report: Leading the • Internal comfort conditions
design. • Occupant satisfaction
Tracking the building lifecycle, these face to face modules Way? • The first listed residential building to be awarded • Effect of insulation upgrade on the existing building
ensure staff have a good understanding of how to embed BREEAM ‘Outstanding’ rating at design stage. fabric
sustainability across the investment, planning, design, • A pilot project for Grosvenor to push the boundaries on
construction, and operations stages. sustainable retrofit in listed residential buildings.
• Anticipated to reduce the building’s carbon emissions
12 | The Knowledge www.ukgbc.org www.ukgbc.org The Knowledge | 13
KNOWLEDGE & SKILLS KNOWLEDGE & SKILLS
Top Tips for: Occupiers Top Tips for: D&B Teams
1. Survey your staff with questions that ask specifically 1. Do not compromise on the environmental design
about aspects of the building, such as light and noise characteristics of the Framework. Features such as
levels, air quality and other metrics in the WorldGBC natural ventilation and healthy material selection have
TOP TIPS: HEALTH AND WELLBEING Framework. Answers to these questions will provide
actionable intelligence and unleash immediate
improvement opportunities. See the Better Places
been shown to increase health and wellbeing, which is
becoming a dominant expectation of clients.
IN OFFICES
2. Understand that buildings good for the
for People guidance note on conducting an office
environment aren’t necessarily good for their
perception survey.
occupants, and vice versa. Design and build teams
2. Have your FM, HR, sustainability and finance teams should seek to produce green and healthy buildings
CLICK H
Click for related resources discuss how the data each team collects may be by finding the synergies between the two (e.g.,
pooled and assessed for greater insights. For daylighting and lower energy use).
ERE
example, are there higher absences, lower staff
3. Use an evidence-based approach for designing
retention rates and higher medical costs in buildings
healthy buildings, employing practices that have been
requiring the most FM attention (as evidenced by call
shown to maximise the environmental characteristics
As part of our (extensive!) programme of work on Health, Wellbeing, and Productivity, we have been out rates)? Are offices requiring less FM attention more
of the Framework (daylighting, air quality, etc.)
producing a series of ‘Bitesize Briefings’ on the topic for different stakeholders. Each briefing includes profitable, and is office satisfaction higher in these
Remember that clients are increasingly able to measure
information on the relevant drivers for action, the key features that different parts of the sector can impact, offices (as demonstrated in HR survey data)?
the performance of these environmental features in
some top tips for success, and a case study. 3. Use the evidence you have compiled, including the Framework, and social media will enable clients
that from surveys, to identify specific, often low and occupants to reach a wider audience. Understand
The briefings give a digest of the WorldGBC Framework for understanding the link between office design and the health, cost, management changes (e.g. green cleaning, that technology subjects your work to new risks and
wellbeing and productivity of staff and building users. This will help you make the most of your most valuable asset - your additional healthy food options) and refurbishment opportunities.
people and help you respond to the growing interest of clients on this fast-moving topic. opportunities (e.g. using natural materials,
4. Pay attention to the experience aspect of the
maximising daylight).
This Framework (shown below) provides a simple guide to the different types of measurements that can help organisations Framework: health and wellbeing is about perception
understand the impact of an office on its users. 4. When looking for new property, ask the owner for as well as objective building performance. Review
environmental quality information (recorded CO2 post occupancy evaluations (if they are available to
So far we’ve produced guides for Occupiers, Design and Build teams, with a guide for Facilities Managers coming soon (all levels, building complaint logs, etc). If you have a you), what clients and occupants have said about your
sponsored by Forbo Flooring). The next in the series looks at the role of Investors, and is sponsored by The Crown Estate. rent review coming up, talk to your landlord about prior projects, or use social media to see what is being
The briefings have really struck a chord, and we’re keen to produce more – if you’re interested in sponsoring one, or have collaborating to monitor the environment using said about your buildings. Understanding the client
an idea for a target group, or a case study, please get in touch! IEQ monitors so you know how well the space is experience in health and wellbeing is critical, and is
performing and whether this is accurately reflected in a fantastic source of information for design & build
the rent. teams.
5. Certifications, such as WELL, can be used to unite 5. Standards such as WELL provide very useful design
project teams around the health and wellbeing agenda guidance which could help shape your design
IMPACT FLOWS THIS WAY and showcase your leadership in this emerging decisions. Much of this information is guiding sought-
market. after aspects in the next generation of buildings.
ENVIRONMENTAL EXPERIENTIAL ECONOMIC
1. Lighting Perception of the working 1. Absenteeism
2. Indoor Air Quality environment, as measured by a 2. Staff turnover/retention Download the full briefing: You might also like:
3. Thermal comfort staff survey 3. Revenue breakdown
4. Acoustics 4. Medical costs
5. Interior layout 5. Medical complaints You can download Download the full
6. Look & feel 6. Physical complaints the bite-size briefings, report ‘Health,
7. Active/Inclusive design which include key Wellbeing and
8. Integration of nature statistics and case Productivity in Offices:
9. Amenities studies, on the website. The next chapter for
green building’.
Refers to the physical Refers to occupant perception of This category covers the With thanks to sponsor:
characteristics of the office their space, which is as important organisational outcomes, that may
Find out more on
setting believed to have an as objective measures of the space be influenced by environment and
impact on employees. experience. Typically these have a the ‘Better Places for
itself.
financial implication. People’ website.
14 | The Knowledge www.ukgbc.org www.ukgbc.org The Knowledge | 15
HEALTH & WELLBEING HEALTH & WELLBEING
WHAT DO YOU THINK OF WHEN YOU Located in the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, Manhattan Three communal sky gardens dispersed up the height of the tower
CASE STUDY
Loft Gardens embodies the regeneration legacy of the provide residents with a range of spaces to occupy and enjoy,
Olympics by pioneering a new paradigm in high-rise living from the social and active lower terrace, to the more tranquil and
IMAGINE A HEALTHY NEIGHBOURHOOD? and social sustainability. The tower benefits from close
proximity to excellent public transportation, sports facilities,
contemplative spaces at the top of the building. As well as being
drivers of social interaction and community development, this
parkland, workplaces and cultural institutions. A synergy model provides all residents with access to outdoor green space
between the building’s hotel and residential functions and inspiring views.
Mina Hasman provides residents with access to fitness facilities, workplaces,
CLICK H
Click for related resources dining and entertainment spaces and the opportunity to
engage with the building’s events programme. Visit the project website for more information.
Senior Architect at
ERE
Skidmore, Owings and
Merrill (SOM)
RESILIENCE EMPLOYMENT HEALTHY HOMES NOISE AIR QUALITY
A place with clean pedestrian paths, roads and public transport stations? An built in through sustainable accessible for all, with that promote physical controlled through minimised and
drainage systems and business networks and health, mental wellbeing sound insulation and monitored from
environment, which is well-maintained by its residents and the local authority? A permeable surfaces to training opportunities and good family site planning traffic and energy
plot of land surrounded by green space such as parks, gardens and allotments? Or is mitigate flood risk; and relationships (see diagram generation
it simply a place where people are happy to live, because they feel safe and secure? passive cooling techniques ‘What is a healthy home?’)
to minimise urban heat
island effect
In fact, as UK-GBC’s recent Health and Wellbeing in Homes report demonstrated, it is all of the
above. SOM was a member of the UK-GBC Task Group which produced the report and is a leading
contributor on aspects of design that affect social interaction and the creation of healthy living EDUCATION HEALTHCARE
environments - which is evident in the firm’s approach to the Manhattan Loft Gardens development access with options at and supporting services
in Stratford, due for completion in 2018. primary, secondary and access for all
tertiary levels
We all have an idea of what it takes to make a healthy neighbourhood from our personal
experience, but this report sought to gather and consolidate existing research linking aspects of
design to health and wellbeing outcomes in residents. The UK-GBC Task Group found that there was
a strong body of research to suggest that the design of a neighbourhood can have a material impact
on residents’ health and wellbeing. For example, research demonstrates that homes which have
views of, and access to, green space can reduce stress and create a sense of calmness in residents.
Social isolation, which has been linked to many mental and physical illnesses can be overcome
COMMUNITY CONNECTIVITY ACTIVE DESIGN
through interaction with others in well-designed, healthy neighbourhoods. Opportunities to engage
with (immediate) neighbours on a daily basis and partake in local activities with individuals from facilities and of public realm to local and with walkable neighbourhoods
engagement to strategic cycling that encourage walking,
different backgrounds and age groups can provide people with a positive feeling of inclusion. This create a sense of networks, walking routes cycling, car clubs, and the use
approach empowers residents as contributors to the wider community, which, in turn, not only pride, ownership and public transport of public transport to reduce
and cohesion provision car dependence and improve
boosts their confidence but also adds a sense of greater purpose to life. levels of physical activity
Social interaction can also empower a child’s development – a safe and easily accessible playground
HEALTHY FOOD G R O C E RY
can encourage families to bring their children outside their homes to interact and play with others GREEN SPACES
with access to fresh,
within the same neighbourhood. It is the early age interaction between children that fosters each nutritious produce, that are diverse and
child’s understanding of the social concepts of sharing and respecting others. local shops, farmers well-maintained to promote
markets and community interaction,
opportunities for local fitness and mental health
Infographic developed for UK-GBC by PRP
The key question is: how do we achieve this? How can we conceptualise, design, build and ACTIVE LIFESTYLES ART & CULTURE food production
maintain healthy neighbourhoods? Is it all up to the policies and the city planning guidelines that a through access to a range of through access to POL ICE
leisure, sports, fitness and public art and
government imposes? Or could the designers (i.e. architects, urban designers and city planners), who recreational facilities to cultural venues SHOP MIXED-USES
have the first say in conceptualising a proposal, have the power to make a difference? encourage regular physical
activity and exercise with well-integrated and
easily accessible mix of
While we all need to comply with the requirements established by the city and the borough homes, shops, schools,
when designing a neighbourhood, it is also true that such requirements - sometimes perceived as services, cultural venues
‘restrictions’ - can be turned into opportunities if healthy (design) thinking is the starting point of a and local businesses
proposal’s evolution. The responsibility, and therefore the opportunity, initially lies with the designer,
SAFETY & SECURITY
who not only holistically and comprehensively approaches an empty site with ideas to address the
with strong community engagement,
needs of a healthy environment and its end users, but also ‘educates’ the wider team members on CONSTRUCTION PLAY SPACES BIODIVERSITY ACCESSIBLE an active and well-maintained public
the long-term increased value of prioritising wellbeing measures. realm, safe and well-lit pedestrian
impact minimised providing a range of through improved and inclusive routes and traffic calming measures
including reduction of safe and secure play existing habitats, neighbourhoods that that make neighbourhoods feel safe
As demonstrated in this infographic, a healthy neighbourhood is the one that embraces complexity. waste, noise, dust, provision for green roofs and support independence and secure
vibration and emissions children and young living walls and empowerment
people
16 | The Knowledge www.ukgbc.org www.ukgbc.org The Knowledge | 17
ENERGY & CARBON ENERGY & CARBON
Embodied Carbon Guidance for Regeneration and Retrofit Task
clients Group
As demonstrated by IKEA, organisations are increasingly
looking at a renewable energy future. This is of importance to
SUSTAINABILITY IN PRACTICE:
drive down emissions from the built environment. But it poses
the question, if operational carbon from built assets is zero,
how much embodied carbon is released in building them?
IKEA, “100% RENEWABLES BY As operational carbon approaches zero, the embodied
carbon of assets leaps into focus as an issue that
2020”
organisations must address in order to make any claims
of near zero carbon. Schemes such as the CDP, DJSI,
Passaat wind turbines on IKEA Zwolle, Netherlands © Fortis Wind Energy GRESB Survey and BREEAM are expanding their embodied
carbon or Scope 3 emission requirements, increasing the
UK-GBC member IKEA is recognising the pressures importance of the issue for client organisations. Embodied
of rising energy costs on businesses and people UK-GBC’s VIEW carbon measurement and reduction tools have been used In February this year, UK-GBC partnered with
across the world. This has driven the company to act Why this is important for business: within industry for many years, but client organisations Birmingham City Council to host our second City
boldly to tackle these problems and look after the still have difficulties in taking the first step in managing Summit. During the two-day Summit, the delegates
stakeholders, which is simultaneously looking after A range of studies have shown a link between business embodied carbon. UK-GBC is now focusing on a piece of developed a range of promising ideas which we
their business. By 2020, the IKEA Group stores (of leadership on climate change and a company’s value or guidance that aims to address this problem which we look summarised in our ‘Breakthrough Birmingham’ report
which there are around 500) will have an estimated overall profitability. According to the Carbon Disclosure forward to launching at Ecobuild in March 2017. published in April. The intention behind the Summit
1.5 billion visitors a year and more than 200,000 Project (CDP), businesses that are actively managing was to try and have an impact on the ground in
co-workers, leading to rapid growth in business their carbon emissions enjoy an 18% higher return on Since July, UK-GBC has been developing guidance aimed Birmingham, in light of this, we have launched a new
operations. If business as usual is continued, the investment than companies that are not. exclusively at client organisations wanting to take action industry task group, which will take forward some of
group will almost double its carbon emissions from a on embodied carbon. In developing this guidance, UK-GBC the ideas from the energy efficiency workshops.
current 30 million, to 50/60 million tonnes by 2020. Energy independence itself can increase a company’s is engaging with the membership to test and review it in
financial and energy security, and has the potential to a collaborative process in order for the guidance to be as The Regeneration and Retrofit Task Group is aiming
As a result, IKEA is striving towards energy independence create new revenue streams in years ahead. Joining an practical and aligned with client concerns as possible. This to highlight the link between estate regeneration and
by becoming a leader in renewable energy and improving initiative such as RE100 also demonstrates leadership and also includes ensuring the guidance is relevant to all clients whole home retrofit, and make the case for retrofit-
energy efficiency throughout its operations and supply a willingness to accelerate the transition to a low carbon from different sectors, spanning investors to tenants (see list led regeneration projects. Current debates about
chain networks. Future customer needs and rising energy economy through innovation. of clients involved below). community regeneration often focus on programmes
costs will demand a transformation in the business’ of demolition and new build, with elements of retrofit
operations where “we can no longer use 20th century You can find more examples of sustainability best UK-GBC will be offering the supply chain an opportunity to alongside. The intention is not to argue for retrofit as a
approaches to meet 21st century demands”. practice in our recent UK-GBC report: Leading the input into the guidance at the next half-day workshop in one-size-fits-all approach to area regeneration, but to
Way? late November. This workshop will be aimed at both clients show that retrofit-led projects can have a regenerative
By August 2020, IKEA aims to produce as much renewable and supply chain inputting into the process, improving impact on the local area thanks to the multiple benefits
energy as it consumes in its operations. To date, energy the robustness and creating an easily actionable guidance of whole home retrofit.
efficiency has already improved by 14.6% in stores and M&S solar energy document.
26.8% in distribution centres, with a positive trend heading The task group is aiming to make the social, economic
towards 2020. Solar PV panels are also being installed M&S has now installed the UK’s largest single roof If your organisation is interested in taking part in and environmental case for whole home improvements
on 120 stores and warehouses, alongside the group mounted solar panel array on Castle Donington, the the creation of industry guidance through attending and in doing so move away from the tendency of
utilising wind farms in six countries. The Zwolle store in distribution centre in the East Midlands. The array will this workshop, please email Natalia Ford. For more referring to home retrofit just in terms of energy
the Netherlands uses geothermal energy for heating and span the 900,000 square foot roof and will generate information on the project please visit the website. efficiency improvements. Whole home retrofits should
cooling, reducing annual emissions by 80%. over 5,000 MWh of electricity a year – enough energy to provide tangible outcomes for residents such as reduced
power 1,190 houses! With thanks to project sponsors: running costs, improved health and wellbeing, and
As part of the ‘People, Planet, Positive’ strategy, IKEA better safety and security. The group will look at some
has committed every new IKEA store, office, distribution The 24,272 panels (which would cover 25 miles if they of the innovative tools and delivery mechanisms which
centre, or industrial group factory to be located, designed, were laid end to end), will lower the carbon footprint by can be used to deliver these outcomes.
equipped and operated to be the most sustainable IKEA 48,000 tonnes over 20 years. Castle Donington, which is
facility at that point in time. big enough to hold 11 football pitches, is fully automated, For more information about the Regeneration and
and the roof will generate nearly 25% of the energy that Retrofit Task Group, contact Richard Twinn.
This commitment to 100% renewable electricity confirms the site needs.
IKEA’s inclusion in the RE100 initiative – a campaign
launched at Climate Week NYC 2014 to encourage private It’s all part of their commitment to source 100% of Thanks also to participating organisations in our client
CLICK H
sector businesses across all sectors to set a public goal to the electricity for their UK and Ireland buildings from workshop: Affinity Sutton, Bouygues Development,
Click for related resources
procure 100% of their electricity from renewable sources British Land, Canary Wharf Group, CapCo, Grosvenor,
ERE
renewable sources, with 50% sourced from small-scale
by a specified year. renewable sources by 2020. HS2, Lendlease, M&S and The Crown Estate.
18 | The Knowledge www.ukgbc.org www.ukgbc.org The Knowledge | 19You can also read
