EY Tax Covid-19 Response Tracker - 24 March 2020
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Important notes • This document provides a snapshot of the policy changes that have been announced in jurisdictions around the world in response to the Covid-19 crisis. It is designed to support conversations about policies that have been proposed or implemented in key jurisdictions • Policy changes across the globe are being proposed and implemented on a daily basis. This document is updated on an ongoing basis but not all entries will be up-to-date as the process moves forward. In addition, not all jurisdictions are reflected in this document • You should consult with your EY engagement team to check for new developments Page 2 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
Jurisdictions covered Argentina Curacao* Germany Japan Netherlands Qatar Taiwan (updated 24 March 2020) Australia Cyprus Ghana Kenya New Zealand Russia Thailand (updated 24 March 2020) Austria* Czech Republic Gibraltar Latvia* Nigeria Rwanda* Turkey (updated 24 March 2020) Armenia* Denmark Greece Lithuania Norway Saudi Arabia Ukraine Belgium Ecuador Hong Kong Luxembourg Paraguay Singapore United Arab (updated 24 March 2020) Emirates Brazil Egypt Hungary Macedonia* Peru South Africa* United Kingdom Canada Estonia* Indonesia Malaysia Philippines South Korea United States (updated 24 March 2020) Chile European Union Ireland Mauritius* Poland Spain Venezuela Mainland China Finland Israel Mexico Portugal Sweden Vietnam (updated 24 March 2020) (updated 24 March 2020) (updated 24 March 2020) Colombia France Italy Moldova Puerto Rico* Switzerland (updated 24 March 2020) (updated 24 March 2020) Page 3 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker * = New country addition
• Contact: Ariel Becher – Tax Policy Argentina • Contact: Juan I. Pernin – Tax Desk • Last updated: 23 March 2020 Back to top Overview Personal Tax Value Added Tax (VAT), Goods Business tax Links and resources and Services Tax (GST) and Trade ► Argentina has issued emergency ► Extension of due date to 30 ► Exemption of import duties for ► Exemption of Social Security taxes Government materials measures to address economic April 2020 for employees to medical supplies and vaccines for certain companies engaged in impact of Covid-19 pandemic. inform their employers on activities particularly affected by ► https://www.argentina.gob.ar/n general and personal ► Expedition on export drawbacks the COVID-19 pandemic (e.g. oticias/los-ministros-de- ► Suspension by the Federal tax deductions for income tax tourism, entertainment industries, economia-y-de-desarrollo- authority between 18 and 31 March applicable for tax year 2019 restaurants, hotels and passenger productivo-anunciaron-un- 2020 of procedural time limits (Form 572) transport activities). This paquete-de-medidas-para related to federal tax, social security exemption could potentially be and customs obligations. This Extension of due date to 29 ► http://servicios.infoleg.gob.ar/i ► extended to companies dealing with nfolegInternet/verNorma.do?id measure does not include the May 2020 for employers to logistic or supply chain issues due extension on regular deadlines prepare annual income tax =335646 to the pandemic previously established for tax returns on their employees for tax ► http://servicios.infoleg.gob.ar/i filings and payments year 2019 ► Reduction for 90 days of 95% of nfolegInternet/verNorma.do?id Social Security contributions for =335423 ► Federal tax authority agencies will employers on health activities limit on-site attention to taxpayers until March 31, 2020, rescheduling ► Reduced 0.25% and 0.5% rates the appointments already planned. (instead of general 0.6% and 1.2%) Other Government agencies (e.g. on tax on debits and credits in bank Inspection Board of Legal entities) accounts for employers on health are limiting/restricting on-site activities for 90 days. attention ► Mandatory use of electronic filings ► Suspension of time limits between with the Federal Tax authorities on March 20 and March 31, 2020 on all certain proceedings and formalities administrative procedures ruled by until 30 June 2020. Law No. 19,549 Page 4 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
• Contact: Kamo Karapetyan – Tax Policy Armenia • Last updated: 24 March 2020 Overview Personal Tax VAT, GST and Business tax Links and resources Trade As a counter measure to the outbreak of Covid-19 Government materials in Armenia, the draft Government decree introduces support to businesses in the form of co- https://www.gov.am/am/news financing, re-financing, or subsidizing interest of /item/14159/ targeted loans when borrowing them from licensed banks or credit organizations operating in the territory of Armenia. • By co-financing, the legislator aims to partially reduce the risk of currency volatility, partially decrease interest expenses, as well as resolve the problem of insufficient level of security means for the businesses. • By refinancing, the legislator aims to completely neutralize the risk of currency volatility and partially decrease interest expenses. • Finally, by subsidizing the interest, the legislator aims to substantially reduce interest expenses incurred by businesses. Only one of the above three forms of assistances may be applied per business. Page 5 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
• Contact: Alf Capito – Tax Policy Australia • Contact: David Burns – Australia Tax Desk • Last updated: 24 March 2020 Back to top Overview Personal tax VAT, GST and Trade Business tax Federal Government ► The Australian Taxation Mainly administrative Federal Government incentives include: Office (ATO) has been concessions related to GST ► On 12 March 2020, the Federal Government announced an issuing frequently asked payments: Tax incentives for businesses with aggregated annual turnover below economic package of A$17.6b, including A$11b in planned questions which include $500m enacted expenditures by 30 June 2020. This response adds to a guidance for employees ► Refer to section below on previously-announced A$2.4bn health package. ATO administrative ► Instant asset write-off (IAWO) increased from A$30,000 to stranded in foreign A$150,000: Applies to new or second-hand assets first used or countries. concessions. ► On 22 March 2020, the Government announced a second A$66b installed ready for use from 12 March until 30 June 2020. The economic stimulus package, including measures planned to ► Temporary early release ► Businesses must contact the increase in the IAWO threshold applies to businesses with aggregated stimulate multiple aspects of the Australian economy. of superannuation - ATO to obtain these. annual turnover of less than A$500m (up from the current A$50m enable individuals and threshold). The threshold applies on a per asset basis, so eligible ► On 24 March, 2020, Parliament passed the above-noted economic Assistance for severely impacted businesses can immediately write-off multiple assets. The IAWO will stimulus packages and the legislation has received Royal Assent. sole traders directly regions and industry sectors impacted by COVID-19 to revert to A$1,000 for small businesses (turnover less than A$10m) include: from 1 July 2020. States and Territories Governments access up to A$10k of their superannuation, tax- ► Federal Government ► Accelerated tax deprecation until 30 June 2021: A 15-month ► Australian Capital Territory – announced a A$137m economic free, in 2019-20, and up allocation of A$1b to survival package. investment incentive, by accelerating depreciation to 50% of the cost to a further A$10k in communities most heavily of a new asset (depreciable under Division 40 of the ITAA 1997) on 2020-21 with no tax reliant on tourism, installation, acquired after announcement (12 March 2020) and first ► New South Wales – announced a healthcare support and a A$1.6b imposed on withdrawals. stimulus package. agriculture and education used or installed by 30 June 2021. Existing depreciation rules apply to sectors on a case-by-case the balance of the asset’s cost. ► Temporary reduction in basis. ► Northern Territory – announced a A$65m Jobs Rescue and superannuation minimum Recovery Plan. Other tax measures enacted for small and medium-sized businesses drawdown rates by 50% ► Federal Government has ► Queensland – announced an extension of its COVID-19 payroll tax for the 2019-20 and announced a A$715m ► Cash flow support for employers: Tax-free payment of up to a deferral offer to eligible QLD businesses. 2020-21 income years. aviation rescue package for A$100,000 for small and medium-sized businesses with an aggregated Australian airlines. annual turnover of less than A$50m that employ workers. These ► South Australia - announced an immediate economic stimulus eligible businesses will receive a tax free payment equal to 100% of package worth A$350m with further details to be announced. ► Tasmanian Government has their pay-as-you-go (PAYG) withholding from March to June 2020, with announced a A$420m a minimum A$10,000 payment and a cap of A$50,000. There is a ► Tasmania - announced a A$420m stimulus package targeted at stimulus package targeted second payment equivalent to the first from 28 July 2020. the hospitality, tourism, seafood and export sectors. at the hospitality, tourism, seafood and export sectors. ► Support for apprentices and trainees: Eligible small business ► Victoria – announced a A$1.7b economic survival and jobs employers with fewer than 20 employees can apply for a wage subsidy package. of 50% of the apprentice’s or trainee’s (in training as at 1 March 2020) ► Western Australia - announced a A$607m stimulus package. wage for up to 9 months from 1 January to 30 September 2020, up to A$21,000 per apprentice. Employers can register for the subsidy from early April 2020 with final claims for payment due by 31 December 2020. Page 6 EY Tax Covid-19 Response Tracker
Australia (cont). Back to top Business tax (cont.) Business tax (cont.) Links and resources ATO administrative concessions for businesses affected by COVID-19 – not State government responses EY Materials automatic (businesses must contact the ATO) ► Notably changes to payroll tax Rolling updates from Australia and New Zealand: https://www.ey.com/en_au/covid-19/oceania-covid- ► Payment deferrals - Up to six months deferral of tax obligations through arrangements, focusing on small 19-response Business Activity Statements (BAS), income tax assessments, fringe to medium businesses and benefits tax (FBT) and excise tax. BAS liabilities may be subject to ranging from refunds and Tax Alert on first stimulus package: greater scrutiny particularly where the amount due arises from waivers to changes to https://asia-pac.ey-vx.com/287/14380/landing-pages/ey-tax-alert---australian-government-12-march- amounts withheld from others for GST and/or PAYG; thresholds. economic-package-including-tax-and-investment-incentives---analysis.pdf ► Changes of business reporting cycle to monthly where GST refunds are ► Refer to overview section for Global Tax Alert on the second Australian stimulus package: https://gtnu.ey.com/news/2020-5431- available. size of overall stimulus state by australian-government-announces-economic-package-to-support-workers-and- state businesses?uAlertID=7kxDzY%2fZLdly1dMntVA0UA%3d%3d ► PAYG instalments support - Allowing businesses to vary such instalment amounts to zero for the March 2020 quarter. Businesses that vary PAYG instalments to zero can also claim a refund for any instalments made for the September and December 2019 quarters. Federal Government materials ► Remission of interest and penalties on tax liabilities incurred on or after Omnibus Measures Bill 2020: 23 January 2020 for COVID-19 affected businesses. https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/search/display/display.w3p;query=Id%3A%22legislation%2Fbillhome %2Fr6521%22 ► Low interest payment plans on ongoing tax liabilities for affected businesses. First stimulus package: https://treasury.gov.au/sites/default/files/2020-03/Overview- ► Access to relief options are based on discussions with the ATO and will Economic_Response_to_the_Coronavirus.pdf vary on a case-by-case basis. Second stimulus package: The ATO has also been issuing guidance including: https://treasury.gov.au/sites/default/files/2020-03/Overview- Economic_Response_to_the_Coronavirus_0.pdf ► International tax – central management and control may not be in Australia if a nonresident company holds board meetings in Australia due to travel restrictions. Similarly, unplanned employee presence of a foreign company in Australia may not lead to a permanent ATO materials: establishment in Australia. ATO tailored support for large businesses: https://www.ato.gov.au/Business/Business-bulletins- newsroom/General/Support-for-large-business-impacted-by-COVID- 19/?utm_campaign=businessbulletins16Mar20&utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_conte nt=article3#LargeBusinessServices ATO answering FAQs landing page: https://www.ato.gov.au/Individuals/Dealing-with-disasters/In- detail/Specific-disasters/COVID-19/?page=2#COVID_19_frequently_asked_questions Page 7 EY Tax Covid-19 Response Tracker
• Contact: Markus Schragl – Tax Policy Austria • Last updated: 24 March 2020 Overview Personal Taxes Indirect Taxes (VAT, Business tax Links and resources GST and Trade) Measures to strengthen the Austrian • Taxpayers affected by a loss of • Taxpayers can apply for deferred or • Taxpayers affected by a loss of Government materials: economy include: income due to the SARS-CoV-2 installment payments in connection income due to the SARS-CoV-2 virus • https://www.bmf.gv.at/p • A Corona crisis management fund virus can apply for a reduction of with monthly VAT returns, provided can apply for a reduction of advance ublic/informationen/infor endowed with EUR 38 billion with the advance payments of direct taxes that the taxpayers can prove an payments of direct taxes for the mationen- main objective of improving liquidity for the calendar year 2020. The adverse impact of the COVID-19 calendar year 2020. The advance coronavirus.html of Austrian businesses. Measures advance payment can even be outbreak on its liquidity. Monthly payment can even be set to zero. include: set to zero. VAT returns still need to be duly • Tax liabilities, wage taxes, wage tax • https://www.ams.at/unte • Tax liabilities, wage taxes, wage filed. related duties and social security rnehmen/personalsicher • State guarantees and state tax related duties and social • The deferral is exempt from payments due can be deferred on ung-und- liabilities for loans, security payments due can be interest. application without interest. fruehwarnsystem/inform • Emergency aid for industries most ationen-unternehmen- affected, deferred on application without interest. coronavirus- • or tax moratoriums, • Hardship fund for SMEs (direct cash aid, not to be paid back) • COVID-19-Short Time Work • for three months, • working hours can be reduced by an average of up to 90%, • Government refunds a significant part of the wages, wage taxes and related expenses as well as social security Page 8 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
• Contact: Steve Claes – Tax Policy Belgium • Contact: Jean-Charles van Heurck – Tax Desk • Last updated: 23 March 2020 Back to top Overview Personal VAT, GST and Trade Business tax Links and resources Tax ► Support for temporary ► Upon request, payment plan, waiver of late payment ► Upon request, payment plan, Government materials unemployment benefits interest and waiver of penalties for non-payment is waiver of late payment interest, due to Covid-19 (under available (conditions need to be met) and waiver of penalties for non- ► https://finances.belgium conditions) payment is available (conditions .be/fr/entreprises/mesu ► Periodic VAT returns need to be met) res-de-soutien-dans-le- ► Cash incentives set out by cadre-du-coronavirus- Return for February 2020, normal deadline being 20 March Increased tolerance for home covid-19 Belgian Regional 2020: deadline extended until 6 April 2020. ► authorities available to office workers to not constitute a companies impacted by PE in view of the Belgium- ► https://finances.belgium Return for March 2020, normal deadline being 20 April 2020: .be/fr/Actualites/conven Covid-19 deadline extended until 7 May 2020. Luxembourg tax treaty tion-belgo- ► National Labor Council Return for the first quarter of 2020, normal deadline being 20 ► Increased tolerance for home luxembourgeoise- concludes agreement to April 2020: deadline extended until 7 May 2020. office workers to not constitute a préventive-de-la-double- extend the possibility to PE in view of the Belgium-France imposition-mesure- introduce temporary Payment of VAT tax treaty exceptionnelle unemployment for white An automatic deferral of payment of 2 months for VAT Furthermore, there are measures collar workers to all ► ► https://finances.belgium without having to pay fines or interest applies. This deferral in place for companies that suffer .be/fr/Actualites/%ef%8 Belgian companies will apply to: from financial trouble caused by 3%98belgique-france- the COVID-19 situation. They can régime-travailleurs- VAT payment for monthly return - February 2020, normal complete an application form. deadline being 20 March 2020: deadline extended until 20 frontaliers-–- This application allows additional coronavirus-covid-19 May 2020 payment periods, an exemption VAT payment for monthly return - March 2020, normal from default interest and/or ► https://www.onem.be/fr deadline 20 being April 2020: deadline extended until 20 June remission of fines for late /nouveau/chomage- 2020 payment temporaire-la-suite-de- lepidemie-de- VAT payment for monthly return - first quarter of 2020, coronavirus-covid-19- normal deadline being20 April 2020: deadline extended until en-chine-et-dans- 20 June 2020 dautres-pays-ou-la- maladie-sest-propagee- In addition to this automatic deferral of payment, taxpayers update-18032020 can also apply for instalment payments of the debts relating to VAT Page 9 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
• Contact: Washington Coehlo – Tax Policy Brazil • Contact: Gustavo Carmona – Brazil Tax Desk • Last updated: 23 March 2020 Back to top Overview Personal Tax VAT, GST and Business Links and resources Trade tax ► The Brazilian Minister of Economy on 16 March presented proposals to counter the economic slowdown deriving from the coronavirus ► The Government is ► Reduction to 0% of the Government materials spread. The proposals will need to be analyzed and debated by evaluating the Import Duty due on Congress. The tax related items are mainly focused on making extension of the import of products medical related items cheaper, as well as to help small businesses. deadline for the necessary to counter • Imported products subject to submission of covid-19 until Import Duty Reduction: ► Extended term for payment of the Federal taxes under the “Simple” Individual Income Tax September 2020. http://www.in.gov.br/en/web system: simplified taxation applicable to small companies. returns for 2020, Products are listed on /dou/-/resolucao-n-17-de-17- ► Postponement of deadlines related to collection assessments and base year 2019. Annex I of CAMEX de-marco-de-2020- facilitation to join debts program. Currently the period Resolution #17/20. 248564246 for submitting the IR ► There are also proposals that lead to reduction in the cost of labor: is from March 2 to ► Simplification and (a) extended term for payment of contributions to employees April 30. acceleration of customs Severance Indemnity Fund (FGTS) for 3 months; (b) 50% reduction clearance process for on a portion of contributions due on payroll (“Sistema S” for a products related to period of 3 months). counter covid-19 (fixed assets and raw ► Other proposals to allow for better access to financing, or to have materials). anticipated cash payments to certain individuals: (a) Proger/FAT credit for micro and small businesses; (b) simplification of ► While the above two requirements for contracting credit and exemption of measures are already documentation for credit negotiation; (c) Anticipation of the 1 st enacted, the installment payment of the 13 salary for retirees and pensioners for government is also April and the 2nd installment payment for May; (d) release of BRL 15 proposing exemption of billion in benefits of up to R$ 200.00 for informal and self-employed Excise Tax for local and workers for the next three months. imported products to counter covid-19. ► The Central Bank reduced the SELIC rate (basic interest rate of the Brazilian economy) in 0.5% (from 4.25% to 3.75%). ► Postponement of loan payments made through Caixa Economica (Federal Bank) for at least 2 months (individuals and companies) and reduction on interest rates of loans. The bank has also released funds to loans for public hospitals (BRL 3 billion). Page 10 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
Canada • Contact: Fred O’Riordan - Tax Policy • Last updated: 21 March 2020 Back to top Overview Personal Tax VAT, GST and Business tax Links and resources Trade • On March 18, 2020, Prime Minister Trudeau • The Canada Revenue Agency (CRA) will defer • See under • The return filing due date for Government materials announced a new set of economic measures the filing due date for the 2019 tax returns of “Business Tax”: The corporations has not been deferred. individuals, including certain trusts. • https://www.canada.ca/en/depar to help stabilize the economy to be delivered CRA will not • However, the CRA will allow all tment- as part of the Government of Canada’s • For individuals (other than trusts), the return contact any small businesses to defer, until after August filing due date will be deferred from April 30 finance/news/2020/03/canadas- COVID-19 Economic Response Plan. The or medium (SME) 31, 2020, the payment of any income tax until June 1, 2020. Individuals who expect to amounts that become owing on or after covid-19-economic-response- Plan will provide up to CAD$27 billion in receive benefits under the GSTC or the businesses to plan-support-for-canadians-and- today and before September 2020. This direct support to Canadian workers and Canada Child Benefit are encouraged not to initiate any post relief would apply to tax balances due, as businesses.html businesses. delay the filing of their return to ensure their assessment well as instalments, under Part I of • These new measures were in addition to a entitlements for the 2020-21 benefit year are GST/HST or Income the Income Tax Act. No interest or properly determined. Tax audits for the penalties will accumulate on these EY materials coordinated package of measures to support the functioning of markets, the resilience of • For trusts having a taxation year ending on next four weeks. amounts during this period. • https://globaltaxnews.ey.com/ne the financial sector and continued access to December 31, 2019, the return filing due date The Canada • The CRA will not contact any small or ws/2020-5405-canada- financing for Canadian businesses on March will be deferred from March 31 until May 1, Revenue Agency medium (SME) businesses to initiate any announces-certain-tax-measures- 2020. post assessment GST/HST or Income Tax to-support-canadians-and- 13, 2020 by the Minister of Finance, will temporarily • The CRA will allow all taxpayers to defer, until audits for the next four weeks. The CRA businesses Governor of the Bank of Canada and suspend audit after August 31, 2020, the payment of any will temporarily suspend audit interaction Superintendent of Financial Institutions. interaction with with taxpayers and representatives for income tax amounts that become owing on or • Canadian provincial governments have also after March 18, 2020 and before September taxpayers and most of these businesses. announced stimulus measures within their 2020. This relief would apply to tax balances representatives for • The CRA’s Liaison Officer service offers own jurisdictions. due, as well as instalments, under Part I of most of these help to owners of small businesses to the Income Tax Act. No interest or penalties businesses. understand their tax obligations. • The Bank of Canada on 4 March cut the key will accumulate on these amounts during this Traditionally available in-person, this interest rate by 0.5% to 1.25% due to period. service is now available over the phone Coronavirus concerns. The bank stated that • To reduce the need for taxpayers and and will be customizing information it's becoming clear the country will not grow preparers to meet in person and reduce during these challenging times by as much as its previous forecasts indicated administrative burden, the CRA will recognize ensuring small businesses are aware of with rail line blockades, teacher strikes in electronic signatures as meeting the signature any changes such as filing and payment Ontario and a harsh winter also impacting on requirements of the Income Tax Act, as a deadlines, proactive relief measures, etc. growth. temporary measure.. Page 11 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
• Contact: Victor Fenner – Tax Policy Chile • Contact: Mariela Gonzalez – Tax Desk • Last updated: 23 March 2020 Back to top Overview Personal Tax VAT, GST and Trade Business tax Links and resources ► The Chilean IRS has ► The Government is ► Postponing tax sworn Government materials launched new online tools in considering postponing VAT statements. payment due for March. ► http://www.sii.cl/servicios_onli its website enabling the Small / medium companies: ne/index.html acquisition of tax ID, and ► Customs has issued a Circular improving managing of ► Deferral of VAT payments for waiving penalties for the next 3 months. monthly taxes. amendment of documents ► The Treasury on 10 March needed in the context of ► Deferral of Real Estate Tax put in place an incentive Covid-19. return (to be paid in April) economic package mainly ► Deferral of income tax return focused on the supply of until July 2020. funds and to support small/medium business for ► Relieve measures for tax debt, an amount of USD $11,750 with the objective of improving Million, equivalent to 4.7% of payment agreements. Chilean GDP. Benefits include sanitary systems, family revenues and All companies; employment protections. ► Monthly advance payments (in ► Local banks have announced advance of Corporate Tax) are a waiver on the prospective suspended for the next 3 deadlines for loans and months. interests granted (benefit for March). ► Exemption of Stamp tax (applicable to credit cash operations) for the next 6 months. ► Deductibility of all expenses incurred by Chilean companies that are COVID-19 related. Page 12 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
• Contact: Becky Lai – Tax Policy Mainland China • Contact: Min Fei - China Tax Desk • Last updated: 22 March 2020 Back to top Overview Personal Tax VAT, GST and Trade Business tax Links and resources ► Remove the cap on foreign debt ► Individual Income ► Enterprises of key medical and daily living supplies ► Equipment purchased by the Government materials for enterprises where it is Tax (IIT) exemption (KSMEs) may apply to the competent tax authorities for a manufacturing enterprises of necessary on additional full refund of the incremental input Value Added Tax KSMEs for expanding production ► http://www.chinatax.gov.cn allowance and bonus (VAT) credits incurred after the end of December 2019 on capacity is allowed to be one-off /eng/n4260854/c5146227 ► Pump a total of 1.2 trillion yuan for medical staffs a monthly basis deducted in the same period for /5146227/files/2c0c7d469 (USD 172 billion) via reverse and qualifying CIT purposes b204eeeaae57d2bf27f5f36 repos to inject funds into the personnel who has ► Exempt VAT for small-scale VAT taxpayers in Hubei and .pdf market to ensure ample liquidity been involved in reduce VAT collection rate for those in other regions ► Extend the carry-forward period and supply (effective from 1 March 2020 to 31 May 2020) for loss incurred in 2020 from 5 to EY materials Covid-19 prevention, 8 years for qualifying enterprises https://www.ey.com/Publica ► Adopt financial measures ► Cross-border donations for supporting the epidemic ► covering aspects including treatment and or prevention and control are exempt from import duties and ► Qualifying donations are allowed to tion/vwLUAssets/ey-ctie- liquidity and credit, livelihood handling related import-level VAT and Consumption Tax (CT) be deducted in full for CIT purposes 2020010-eng/$FILE/ey- finance, financial infrastructure, emergencies ctie-2020010-eng.pdf foreign exchange and cross- ► For prescribed imports from USA, the tariff reduction ► Better law enforcement: tax ► IIT exemption on obligations suspended will be resumed and the additional authority should not: carry out tax ► https://www.ey.com/Publica border Renminbi business medicines, medical tion/vwLUAssets/EY-CTIE- tariffs that have already been levied will be refunded inspections against taxpayers ► The Ministry of Finance also supplies and without significant risks; carry out 2020009-ENG/$FILE/EY- issued relevant fiscal policies, protective ► Entities and self-employed industrial and commercial on-site inspections without CTIE-2020009-ENG.pdf involving loan interest subsidy equipment provided households (SICHs) that donate self-produced, contract- approval; stop issuing invoices to from enterprises to processed or purchased are exempt from VAT, CT and ► https://www.ey.com/Publica and guarantee fee reduction taxpayers who act in accordance tion/vwLUAssets/ey-ctie- employees local tax/surcharges with laws ► Local government departments 2020008-eng/$File/ey-ctie- also released a series of ► Qualifying donations ► Temporarily waive on-site inspection for designated ► Take measures to ensure thorough 2020008-eng.pdf intellectual property (IP) related are allowed to be taxpayers’ application for VAT invoices implementation of tax and fee deducted in full for ► https://www.ey.com/Publica measures (e.g., IP financing from ► Provide more convenience for export VAT filing and incentives, including providing tion/vwLUAssets/EY-CTIE- financial institution, “green IIT purposes timely public guideline, improving accelerate tax refund process amid the epidemic control 2020007-ENG/$FILE/EY- channel for registration”) ► Social securities and IT system and strengthening CTIE-2020007-ENG.pdf housing funds that ► Local government introduced Real Estate Tax and Urban supervision/ evaluation among tax ► Local governments also Land Use Tax relief policies authorities at all levels ► https://www.ey.com/Publica announced other policy measures are contributed by enterprises may be tion/vwLUAssets/EY-CTIE- to support enterprises’ ► Big data analysis (particularly the data on VAT invoices) is ► Extend the tax filing deadline for 2020006-ENG/$FILE/EY- resumption of operation (e.g., reduced and leveraged to assist governments in making well-informed February and March 2020, and exempted CTIE-2020006-ENG.pdf providing subsidy, online approval decisions promote non-contact services, for investment projects) temporarily including online service, ► The Beijing Tax authority launched the blockchain-based personalize services and service by general VAT invoice on a pilot basis appointment Page 13 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
• Contact: Margarita Salas – Tax Policy Colombia • Contact: Zulay Arevalo – Tax Desk • Last updated: 21 March 2020 Back to top Overview Personal tax VAT, GST and Trade Business tax Links and resources ► In the case of companies engaged in hoteling ► Due dates for filing and paying income tax return for services, air travel services, Theatrical companies engaged in hoteling services, air travel activities and show business activities. Due services, Theatrical activities, show business activities, to the impact COVID-19 has had in these were postponed for the second semester of 2020. business, the due dates for filing the March- ► Colombian Government issued a Decree by means of April VAT return (for taxpayers which must which defers the income tax return filing and payment file VAT returns Bi-monthly) and January – dates in relation to companies, however such deferral April VAT return (for taxpayers who must is just for one week. file VAT returns quarterly) were postponed until June 30, 2020 (usually the due dates ► In relation to large taxpayers, income tax filing and are in May). installment payment (this is the second installment which is paid on the same date of the filing). Original ► customs duties applicable to the importation dates were between April 14th to April 27th, now due of certain medicines, medical equipment and dates are between April 21st to May 5th. devices as well as non-locally produced goods for the use of air travel industry were ► In regards to financial institutions qualified as large reduced to 0%. taxpayers, first installment payment. Original dates were between April 14th to April 27th, now the due ► VAT due dates for taxpayers engaged in the dates are between April 21st to May 5th. provision of alcoholic beverage in situ, restaurants, travel agencies and tour ► For regular taxpayers income tax filing and installment operators were deferred to June 30th. The payment (this is the first instalment): Original due payment of the VAT tax return for the period dates were between April 14th to May 10th, now due March-April, originally due on the first two dates are between April 21st to May 19th. weeks of May. ► the Government issued some regulations to allow ► Due dates for filing the May-April personnel of companies located in Free Trade Zones consumption tax returns for taxpayers (FTZ) to work outside the FTZ area by using any engaged in the provision of alcoholic telecommunication equipment or technology that beverage in situ and restaurants were allows remote connection of the personnel (in normal deferred to June 30th. The payment of the circumstances, companies located in free trade zones consumption tax return for the period must undertake all its activities within the physical March-April, originally was due on the location of the FTZ to access to the tax and customs two and third week of May. benefits granted under the FTZ regime) Page 14 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
• Contact: Raisza Terburg-Ersilia - International Tax and Transaction Services Curacao • Rose Boeve - International Tax and Transaction Services • Last updated: 24 March 2020 Overview Personal Tax • Banks and credit institutions are permitted to • Payment arrangements for outstanding tax liabilities :Ongoing payment arrangements and granted extensions of payment may be suspended upon postpone interest and principle payments for their request. Companies and (self-employed) individuals can file a request for temporary suspension of payment with the Tax Collector. customers for a period of 3-6 months without recognizing a provision. • Project ‘Compliance’ will be temporarily suspended: Under ‘Project Compliance’, the Curaçao Government worked on creating more awareness with taxpayers regarding their fiscal responsibilities as well as a more effective and active collection of outstanding tax liabilities. As a lot of companies and • Banks are temporarily permitted to exceed the debt (self-employed) individuals will be facing financial difficulties in Curaçao, the active pursuit of outstanding tax liabilities in connection with ‘Project to service ratio to a maximum of 50% (currently 37%). Compliance’ will be suspended. • Life insurance companies and pension companies are allowed to postpone premium payments for 3-6 • Reduced interest rate of 0% for late payment : When companies and (self-employed) individuals fail to pay their tax liability timely, interest for late months without recognizing a provision. payment is imposed. However, the interest rate for late payment of outstanding tax liabilities will be temporarily reduced from 6% to 0%. • With immediate effect, the Central Bank of Curacao • Suspension of collection costs for outstanding tax liabilities: Under certain circumstances, the Tax Collector can charge the tax payer for expenses and Sint Maarten (CBCS) has restricted (and in some incurred when collecting overdue tax liabilities. As an emergency tax measure, the collection costs for outstanding tax liabilities will not be charged cases suspended) the issuance of licenses for foreign to companies and self-employed individuals. exchange transactions. This license is required for financial transactions starting as of ANG 150,000 (approximately USD 84,250). This restriction also • No fines for late payments : When tax payers fail to pay or are late with meeting their tax payment obligations, a fine can be imposed. However, as applies to existing license applications which have not companies and (self-employed) individuals are expected to struggle with meeting tax obligations temporarily no fines will be imposed for no or late yet been granted. payment of outstanding tax liabilities. • The lending rate for commercial banks has been • Extended possibility to conclude payment arrangements : Affected companies and self-employed individuals with liquidity problems can conclude new reduced to 1%. Additionally, the extra interest rate of payment arrangements for all taxes and non-taxes. 200 basis points for loans exceeding ANG 20 million is suspended. • Increase of the basic income tax allowance : The basic income tax allowance of ANG 2,284 (2020) will be increased with retroactive effect to 1 • Banks are allowed to maintain a negative balance with January 2020 to an amount yet to be announced. This will lead to an increase in net wage of most individuals, as their taxable income for wage and the CBCS. income tax purposes will be reduced. By increasing the net wages of individuals, the Government aims to stimulate extra spending by the public. • The interest on so called “certificates of deposit” will be reduced to retain money in the market. Page 15 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
Curacao (continued). VAT, GST and Trade Business tax Links and resources ► 0% Import duties and sales tax on hygiene and sanitary/cleaning This measure aims to provide a financial relief to the products In addition to the introduced measures concerning hospitality and tourism businesses, as they can keep maximum margins that businesses can apply on the sale of certain the employer’s contributions and use these funds to cover goods, the rate of import duties and sales tax on hygiene and sanitary other expenses instead. / cleaning products will be reduced to 0%. As these items become more important during the COVID-19 Pandemic, the Government • Items 1-6 under personal income tax also apply to this aims to manage the necessary expenses for the public in this section in addition to the following measure: Hospitality and regard as much as possible. designated businesses do not have to remit the employer’s contribution for general old age insurance • Items 1-6 under personal income tax also apply to this section in addition to the following measures: • Employers of the following designated businesses (jointly referred to as “hospitality businesses”) will not have to ► Hospitality and designated businesses do not have to remit the remit the employer’s contribution of the general old age sales tax collected: In order to provide additional financial relief to insurance (known as the “AOV/AWW premium”) of 9.5% to the hospitality and designated businesses, these businesses are the Tax Authorities: relieved from remitting the sales tax collected to the Curaçao Tax • Businesses in the hospitality sector, which includes Authorities. In practice, this means that the hospitality and tourism hotels and similar businesses that provide businesses will charge and collect sales tax from their clients, without accommodation, restaurants, recreation and remitting the sales tax collected to the Tax Authorities upon filing the entertainment venues and convention centers. monthly sales tax return. Instead these funds can be used by the • Beauty salons businesses to cover other expenses. • Businesses in the travel industry. • Car rental, car wash and transportation companies Page 16 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
• Contact: Philippos Raptopoulos – Tax Policy Cyprus • Last updated: 20 March 2020 Back to top Personal tax VAT/GST and Trade Business measures Overview EY/Government materials ► Extension of the time-period ► Temporary two-month deferral of ► Non-payment of the EY materials for filing of objections with payment of VAT, without the additional contributions the Social Insurance imposition of any penalties to the General Healthcare https://emeia.ey- Department by self- applicable to companies with System (GHS), which was vx.com/2594/133863/landing- employed individuals by one turnover of less than €1 million or pages/public-support-program- scheduled for 31 March covid-19-en.pdf month to 30 April 2020 where turnover reduced has fallen by more than 25% with reference 2020, for two months, by (deadline was originally 31 March 2020). to the tax returns submitted employers, employees during 2019. Arrangements can and the Government, in ► A two-month extension to be made so that VAT payable due order to reinforce the those that are required to amounts will be settled gradually submit a tax return by 31 health sector during the by 11 November 2020. March 2020 (the new fight against the virus and ► Temporary reduction of VAT on not to affect the income Goods and Services from 19% to of employees and 17% for a period of 2 months and businesses. from 9% to 7% for a period of 3.5 months, to be effective from ► Special arrangements will enactment of the relevant VAT be made for the ease of law. those taxpayers that entered the Overdue Taxes Settlement Scheme for the duration of this emergency situation ► A two-month extension to those that are required to submit a tax return by 31 March 2020 (the new deadline is 31 May 2020). Page 17 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
• Contact: Lucie Rihova –Tax Policy Czech Republic • Contact: Jakub Majer – Tax Desk • Last updated: 23 March 2020 Back to top Overview Personal Tax VAT, GST and Trade Business tax Links and resources • Due to the Covid-19 • The personal income tax return for • Suspension of obligations from • The corporate income tax return and EY materials pandemic the Ministry of 2019 may be filed and related tax paid electronic records of sales during annual withholding tax statement for • https://emeia.ey- Finance announced tax by 1 July 2020 without a penalty and the state of emergency and in three 2019 may be filed and related tax vx.com/2520/139210/lan liberation measures such as related late payment sanctions subsequent months has been paid by 1 July 2020 without a ding-pages/extraordinary- e.g. relief of various (standard deadline is 1 April 2020). announced. penalty or related late payment tax-news.pdf sanctions for late filling of • Automatic removal of the June • Automatic removal of the penalty sanctions (this applies to entities • https://emeia.ey- selected tax returns and advance payment on personal income for late filing of real estate with a standard deadline of 1 April vx.com/2520/139210/lan related tax payments. tax without a need to apply. acquisition tax return and related 2020). ding-pages/government- • The state will compensate • Introduction of Tax Loss Carry-Back late payment sanctions if the tax • Automatic removal of the June antivirus-employment- employers for costs incurred for 2020 tax losses to be potentially return is filed before 31 August advance payment on corporate protection.pdf for the payment of applied in 2019 and 2018 tax returns. 2020. income tax without a need to apply. compensatory wages in the • Introduction of Tax Loss Carry-Back event of disability due to for 2020 tax losses to be potentially quarantine or provide partial applied in 2019 and 2018 tax compensation in other Covid- returns. 19 related emergency measures. Page 18 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
• Contact: Tobias R Steinø – Tax Policy Denmark • Last updated: 18 March 2020 Back to top Overview Personal Tax VAT, GST and Trade Business tax Links and resources Government materials: Government is currently For businesses with VAT liable The deadlines for the payments of the trying to prohibit gatherings payroll tax and labor market ► https://www.ft.dk/samling/2 deliveries exceeding DKK 50m of 10 people and more. This on an annual basis, the deadline contributions are postponed by four 0191/lovforslag/l134/som_f is, however, subject to some for such VAT payments are months for the months; April, May remsat.htm limitations – e.g. in respect of postponed by a month for the and June. demonstrations, access to months; March, April and May EY materials: supermarkets, etc. – though This means that the payroll tax and ► Responding to Covid-19 subject to certain restrictions. This only applies for the labor market contribution payments The ban is effective as of payment of positive VAT, for companies with payroll tax of ► Denmark changes tax March 18, 2020. negative VAT can still be more than DKK 1m or a total labor legislation in light of COVID- refunded within three weeks of market contribution of more than DKK 19 One of the initiatives from receipt of the VAT statement. 250k, both of which must continue government is to compensate over a 12 month period, are as ► Covid-19 consequences on organizers who cancelled or For companies with VAT liable follows: i) The payment that should Tax, Social Security and postponed events with more deliveries between DKK 5-50m n have been made on April 30th are Immigration than 1,000 participants from an annual basis, the payment of postponed until August 31st, ii) May 6 March to 31 March. VAT is postponed for the first 29th are postponed until September ► Corona virus (Covid-19), The Whether the compensation quarter of 2020 and is now 30th, and iii) June 30th are most important labor law initiative should also apply to together with the payment postponed until October 30th. issues in the Nordic organizers who have canceled deadline of the second quarter countries or postponed events with 100 of 2020 on September 1st For the companies below the (or less) people or more due 2020. thresholds the payments are as to government follows: i) The payment that should For companies with VAT liable have been made on May 11th are recommendations has not yet deliveries below DKK 5m on an been clarified. postponed until September 10th, ii) annual basis, the VAT payment June 10th are postponed until Compensation will require an of the first half of 2020 has October 12th, and iii) July 10th are audit opinion if the relevant been postponed and is now postponed until November 10th. amount is above DKK 500k together with the payment and the insurance company deadline of the second half of Please keep in mind that only the doesn’t cover the loss. 2020 on March 1st 2021. payment has been postponed, the reporting deadline is maintained. Page 19 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
• Contact: Fernanda Checa – Tax Policy Ecuador • Contact: Carlos Cazar – Tax Desk • Last updated: 20 March 2020 Back to top Overview Personal Tax VAT, GST and Trade Business tax Links and resources ► The Ecuadorian government has ► President announces ► Import tariffs on medical ► The President has announced Government materials declared a "State of Sanitary that the tax obligations products necessary to that tax obligations for the Emergency" and a " National State of for the months of April, attend the emergency were months of April, May and June https://minka.presidenci Exception" due to the increase in May and June 2020 eliminated. 2020 could be differed by 6 a.gob.ec/portal/usuarios positive cases of COVID-19 in Ecuador could be differed by 6 months, but has not formalized _externos.jsf in the last 60 days. months, but has not with a decree. Therefore, it is formalized with a not yet applicable. ► Face-to-face work meetings are decree. suspended from 17 to 24 March. ► IRS: The deadlines and terms of all the tax administrative processes and the statutes of limitation of the collection action are suspended, from March 16 to March 31, 2020. This suspension does not apply for tax returns. ► Extension for a period of 30 days from the original statutory due date for the presentation of the annual balance sheet, profit and loss statement, directors' report, list of administrators, partners and shareholders and others. Page 20 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
• Contact: Asmaa Ali – Egypt Tax Desk Egypt • Last updated: 18 March 2020 Back to top Overview Personal Tax VAT, GST and Trade Business tax Links and resources ► The Monetary Policy Committee of the Central Bank of Egypt (CBE) decided to cut the credit and discount rates from 12.75 percent to 9.75 percent. Page 21 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
• Contact: Ranno Tingas – Tax Policy Estonia • Last updated: 23 March 2020 Overview Personal Tax VAT, GST and Trade Business tax Links and resources • The Estonian government • There are no measures announced • There are no measures announced • The tax authorities have suspended Government materials has introduced a stimulus regarding personal tax. regarding VAT. the calculation of default interest for package of €2 billion, which • See also Business tax regarding tax • See also Business tax regarding tax the period of emergency with • https://www.emta.ee/eng/in represents 7% of the arrears. arrears. retroactive effect from 1 March terests-tax-arrears- country’s GDP. The aim of 2020. suspended-emergency- the package is to mitigate situation the situation for employees and businesses in Estonia. • The government will use • https://www.tootukassa.ee/ €250 million to support the eng/content/financial- income of employees who benefits/unemployment- cannot work due to the insurance-benefit economic effects of the coronavirus pandemic. • https://news.err.ee/106682 • The compensation will be 1/government-approves- based on 70% of the 250-million-unemployment- employee's average gross fund-for-coronavirus-support salary of 2019, but will not exceed €1,000 in a month. The compensation will be paid by the Unemployment Insurance Fund on behalf of the employer if the employer complies with certain terms and conditions. • Page 22 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
• Contact: Klaus von Brocke European Union • Last updated: 18 March 2020 Back to top Overview Personal Tax VAT, GST and Trade Business tax Links and resources • On Monday 16 March the European Council ► See links and resources section • The European Commission, in a EU materials issued a statement detailing a range of practical ► Global Trade/Customs press release, notes that it stands ► https://eur- and financial measures on which it will provide measures from the European ready to work with all Member States lex.europa.eu/legal- support to Member States as part of Union - On the consequences to ensure that possible national content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv: its coordinated responses to protect the EU of the Covid-19 outbreak on support measures to tackle the OJ.C_.2020.086.01.0006.01. economies, These proposals include, amongst outbreak of the Covid-19 virus can ENG&toc=OJ:C:2020:086:TOC anti-dumping and anti-subsidy other points, using the full flexibility of our investigations. be put in place in a timely manner, in ► https://eur- State-aid and fiscal frameworks, mobilizing the line with EU rules. To this end, the lex.europa.eu/legal- ► Global Trade/Customs measure EU budget to allow the EIB Group to provide Commission has established a content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv: from the European Union - OJ.LI.2020.077.01.0001.01.E short-term liquidity to SMEs, and directing €37 Export licenses are required for dedicated contact point for Member NG&toc=OJ:L:2020:077I:TOC billion to the fight Covid-19 under the certain vital products. States to provide them with Coronavirus Response Investment Initiative. guidance on possibilities under EU ► https://eur- ► Global Trade/Customs lex.europa.eu/legal- rules. measures of the European content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv: • On 20 March the European Commission Union - On conformity OJ.LI.2020.079.01.0001.01.E proposed the activation of the general escape assessment and market NG&toc=OJ:L:2020:079I:TOC clause of the Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) surveillance procedures within the context of the Covid-19 threat. Page 23 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
• Contact: Jukka Lyijynen – Tax Policy Finland • Last updated: 24 March 2020 Back to top Overview Personal Tax VAT, GST and Trade Business tax Links and resources ► The interest rate for late payment is reduced to ► On 16 March 2020, the • Finland is expected to 4% (currently 7%) for taxes due from 1 March EY materials Government, in provide a range of VAT 2020. cooperation with the reliefs. ► The deadlines for paying taxes are postponed Responding to Covid-19 president, declared a • The Finnish tax authorities (further details of this are not yet known). state of emergency in Finland. cannot grant more time for ► Pension funds may grant upon application a Corona virus (Covid-19), The filing VAT returns or other postponement up to 3 months for pension most important labor law ► Relevant measures are tax returns for self-assessed premiums paid by employers and self-employed issues in the Nordic countries expected in an taxes. However, tax payers individuals. extraordinary budget bill can request that the late- ► The Finnish Tax Administration has temporarily Government materials scheduled to be filing penalty is removed. If changed its practices regarding changes to presented to the tax payers have a justified advance tax payments for FY20. The new practice Parliament on March 20, reason for filing late, such as is that the advance tax payments of corporate Corona situation: Recent 2020. illness, you may not have to income tax can be lowered upon a request of the updates (Finnish tax pay a late-filing penalty, taxpayer without interim financial statements, authorities) revised budget or other documentation. This can ► The Finnish Tax easily be done through the webservice “Omavero” Administration will ease of the Finnish tax authorities. Should there be the terms of payment Finnish entities which are currently paying arrangements for the advance tax but estimate that the taxable income time being. In addition, of the company in FY20 will decrease, the entities the Ministry of Finance can consider decreasing the amount of advance tax payments. For example, this could be relevant is preparing a legislative in real estate business if premises are left amendment that will unoccupied. It is also noteworthy that if the temporarily lower late- advance taxes turn out to be lacking for FY20, payment interest rates supplement advance taxes for FY20 must to be for taxes in a payment paid at latest 31 January 2021 in order to avoid interest payable. arrangement. Page 24 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
• Contact: Jean-Pierre Lieb – EMEIA Tax Policy & Controversy France • • • Contact: Charles Menard – Tax Policy Contact: Frederic Vallat – France Tax Desk Last updated: 23 March 2020 Back to top Overview Personal Tax VAT, GST and Trade Business tax Links and resources ► The French President has affirmed ► For the self-employed, the rate ► The postponement can only ► Postponement upon request and without Government materials his support to French companies and the down payments at source concern direct taxes and not VAT penalty of the payment of the upcoming with exceptional measures for of income tax can be adjusted at and similar taxes (VAT or excise direct taxes instalment (for corporate https://www.impots.gouv.fr/po deferring tax and social charges, any time. It is also possible to duties are indirect taxes collected income tax down payment and/or payroll rtail/node/13465 supporting the postponement of defer the payment of the personal by businesses on behalf of the tax). If the March payment has already bank instalments and State income tax down payments from state, no payment deferrals are been made, companies still have the guarantees up to 300 billion euros one month to another up to three expected today). option of opposing the SEPA direct debit for all bank loans. times if monthly installments, or from their bank or of requesting from one quarter to the next if ► The government affirmed the reimbursement to the tax authorities. A ► For the smallest French companies quarterly installments. These objective of a rapid refund of specific form to benefit from these and for as long as the current adjustments can be made via the excess input VAT to the measures is available on the tax situation will last, the payment of website impots.gouv.fr, under the companies (i.e., within 1 month in authorities’ website. taxes, social security contributions, heading "Manage my direct debit" 80% of cases). or various invoices (e.g., water, gas (before the 22nd of a given month, ► If the deferral of payment is not or electricity and rents) may be ► The Amending Finance Bill for sufficient, it is possible to obtain direct in order to be taken into account 2020 adopted by the National suspended. for the following month). tax rebates, penalties or interest on Assembly contains a measure arrears on outstanding tax debts by ► The partial unemployment scheme ► For employee’s, no deferrals or allowing exemption from customs providing information on financial will be massively extended for discounts are contemplated for and similar duties on the import difficulties encountered by filling in frame employees, and a solidarity fund the employee’s payments at and delivery of certain goods 2 of the form. will be funded by the State for source of personal income tax. needed in the event of a state of entrepreneurs, merchants, health emergency. ► The monthly payment of the corporate artisans. property tax (“CFE”) or the property tax (“taxe foncière”), can be suspended ► The government affirmed the without penalty. objective of quick payment of suppliers of public administrations ► The government affirmed the objective of (i.e., on average 20 days). rapid refund of tax credit for competitiveness and employment ► The employee and employer social ("CICE") (i.e., within 3 months in 75% of contributions payments (URSSAF) cases). due on the 15th of March 2020 may be postponed upon request, in ► The pending tax audits are continuing but whole or in part, for up to 3 "with discernment". months. Page 25 EY Tax COVID-19 Response Tracker
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