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Elenco delle pubblicazioni del Think Tank del PE
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank
Criteri di ricerca utilizzati per generare l''elenco :
Ordina Mostra per data
Parole chiave "Mercosur"
22 Risultati(i)
Data di creazione : 05-09-2022‘Assessing the political dialogue and cooperation pillar of the EU-Mercosur Association Agreement:
towards a bi-regional strategic partnership?’
Tipo di pubblicazione Analisi approfondita
Data26-01-2022
Autore esterno Andres Malamud
Settore di interventoAffari esteri | Commercio internazionale
Parole chiave accordo di stabilizzazione e di associazione | cooperazione internazionale | dialogo sociale (UE) | Mercosur |
partenariato internazionale dell'UE | servizio europeo per l'azione esterna | strategia UE
Riassunto On 28 June 2019, the European Union and Mercosur reached a political agreement to establish an interregional trade
agreement as ‘part of a wider Association Agreement between the two regions’. The European Commission and
Mercosur member states went on to publish a summary of the negotiating results, while both sides started the process
of legal revision. Meanwhile, the European External Action Service and Mercosur representatives were negotiating the
political dialogue and cooperation part of the Association Agreement, which was completed one year later, on 18 June
2020, and has not been published. The present report is about the latter document, to which the author has been
granted confidential access: it scrutinises its content, compares it to previous and similar agreements, analyses its
prospects of ratification and impact – with a special focus on Brazil – and assesses its potential to cement a
meaningful EU-Mercosur strategic partnership. The study is enriched by direct, off-the-record interviews as well as
public documents and analyses. Its originality resides in the consideration of informal practices, besides and beyond
formal frameworks, to estimate the odds of ratification and implementation of the agreement.
Analisi approfondita EN
Policy Departments’ Monthly Highlights - January 2022
Tipo di pubblicazione In sintesi
Data 14-01-2022
Settore di intervento Agricoltura e sviluppo rurale | Ambiente | Bilanci | Commercio internazionale | Controllo dei bilanci | Diritto
internazionale privato e cooperazione giudiziaria in materia civile | Diritto internazionale pubblico | Diritto UE: sistema e
atti giuridici | Pesca | Trasporti
Parole chiave accordo commerciale (UE) | accordo internazionale | agricoltura sostenibile | bilancio dell'UE | controllo di bilancio |
Mercosur | organismo dell'UE | pesca sostenibile | sanità pubblica | tecnologia digitale
Riassunto The Monthly Highlights publication provides an overview, at a glance, of the on-going work of the policy departments,
including a selection of the latest and forthcoming publications, and a list of future events.
In sintesi EN
Trade aspects of the EU-Mercosur Association Agreement
Tipo di pubblicazione Studio
Data 30-11-2021
Autore esterno Jan Hagemejer, Andreas Maurer, Bettina Rudloff, Peter-Tobias Stoll, Stephen Woolcock, Andréia Costa Vieira,
Kristina Mensah, Katarzyna Sidło
Settore di intervento Commercio internazionale
Parole chiave accordo commerciale (UE) | accordo di associazione (UE) | appalto pubblico | liberalizzazione degli scambi |
macroeconomia | Mercosur | paesi del Mercosur | piccole e medie imprese | politica tariffaria | settore agricolo |
sicurezza alimentare | sviluppo sostenibile
Riassunto In this study we analyse the provisions of the EU-Mercosur trade agreement (EUMETA) in its form presented by the
European Commission. Our analysis covers the potential macroeconomic effects of the agreement that are based on
the analysis of the extent of trade liberalisation through the lens of a computable general simulation model, as well as
more detailed analysis of trade structure, tariff structure, non-tariff protection and the trade-related provisions of the
agreement including trade in services and government procurement. Moreover, we analyse the institutional provisions
of the EU-Mercosur Association agreement (EUMEAA) in relation to the positioning of the European Parliament and
civil society. We place a special focus on the agri-food sector and some selected sensitive subsectors. The quantitative
assessments are amended by qualitative analysis, in particular with regard to the trade and sustainable development
chapter of the agreement, issues related to food security and an overview of existing approaches on sustainable
development in the Mercosur countries.
Studio EN
05-09-2022 Fonte : © Unione europea, 2022 - PE 1Brazil's Parliament and other political institutions
Tipo di pubblicazione Briefing
Data14-01-2021
AutoreGOMEZ RAMIREZ Enrique
Settore di interventoDemocrazia UE
Parole chiave Brasile | esecutivo | Mercosur | parlamento nazionale | partiti politici | relazione multilaterale | sistema giudiziario |
situazione politica | Stato federale
Riassunto With an area of nearly 8.5 million km2 and a population of around 212 million (approximately twice the size of the EU
with half the population), Brazil is Latin America's largest and most populated country, the biggest democracy (and,
despite many observers' concerns over the current state of democracy) one of the freest countries) in the region. It is
politically organised as a Federative Republic, formed by the Union, 26 states, 5 570 municipalities and the Federal
District (Brasilia). The Brazilian Constitution establishes the principle of the separation of powers of the Union into
legislative, executive and judiciary. The executive power is vested in the president of the Republic, who is both head of
state and head of the government. The president is elected by universal suffrage, together with the vice-president, for
a four-year mandate, and can be re-elected only once. The judicial power is exerted by different organs and courts at
national and state level. Finally, the legislative power is vested in the National Congress, a bicameral Parliament with a
chamber of deputies and a federal senate. Following the 2018 legislative elections, there are 30 different parties
represented in the Chamber of Deputies and 21 in the Senate. Currently, the proportion of women deputies is 14.6 %,
and senators is 13.6 %, one of the lowest in the region. Due to its history and its continental dimensions, Brazil is a
very diverse country in terms of culture, population and religion. It has assumed a leadership role in the region, and
has been firm in its commitment in multilateral world fora and South-South cooperation. Brazil is a strategic partner of
the EU. The European Parliament maintains a regular bilateral dialogue with the Brazilian National Congress through
its Delegation for Relations with Brazil, as well at a multilateral level through its Delegation for the Relations with
Mercosur and the EuroLat Parliamentary Assembly.
Briefing EN
Amazon deforestation and EU-Mercosur deal
Tipo di pubblicazione In sintesi
Data 29-10-2020
Autore GRIEGER Gisela
Settore di intervento Affari esteri | Ambiente | Commercio internazionale
Parole chiave accordo commerciale (UE) | Brasile | disboscamento | foresta tropicale | mercato comune | Mercosur | politica in
materia di cambiamenti climatici | protezione dell'ambiente | protezione forestale | strumento economico per l'ambiente
Riassunto After coming to a political agreement on the trade pillar of the three-pronged EU-Mercosur association agreement in
June 2019, the EU and the four founding members of Mercosur (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay) reached
agreement on the political dialogue and cooperation parts in July 2020. However, as environmental deregulation and
deforestation continue unabated in Brazil, opposition to the deal is growing. It is unlikely to be submitted to the
European Parliament for consent in its current form. A study of the trade pillar's provisions concludes that, taking the
risk of deforestation into account, the deal's environmental costs are likely to exceed its economic gains. This raises
doubts as to whether Brazil's compliance with its climate change commitments can realistically be achieved based on
provisions devoid of an effective enforcement mechanism.
In sintesi EN
Brazil and the Amazon Rainforest: Deforestation, biodiversity and cooperation with the EU and
international forums
Tipo di pubblicazione Analisi approfondita
Data15-05-2020
Autore esterno Cristina MÜLLER
Settore di interventoAmbiente
Parole chiave accordo di associazione (UE) | biodiversità | Brasile | disboscamento | foresta tropicale | Mercosur | politica
commerciale comune | protezione dell'ambiente | protezione forestale | relazione commerciale
Riassunto For the largest tropical rainforest on Earth, an aggravated forest fire and deforestation regime in Amazonia put at risk
the world’s richest biodiversity assets and a major climate regulator. For the EU27, it highlights the need to associate
the question of embodied deforestation consumption by placing deforestation-free supply chains at the centre of
negotiations surrounding the EU-Mercosur Association Agreement, given the volume of trade between these economic
blocs in meat, leather, soy, coffee, rubber, wood pulp, biofuel and timber.
Analisi approfondita EN
05-09-2022 Fonte : © Unione europea, 2022 - PE 2EU trade with Latin America and the Caribbean: Overview and figures
Tipo di pubblicazione Analisi approfondita
Data16-12-2019
AutoreGRIEGER Gisela
Settore di interventoCommercio internazionale
Parole chiave accordo commerciale (UE) | accordo di associazione (UE) | accordo di libero scambio | America latina | Caraibi |
Mercosur | scambi extra UE
Riassunto Collectively, the 33 countries forming the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) are the EU's
fifth largest trading partner. The EU has fully fledged agreements with two Latin American groupings (Cariforum and
the Central America group), a multiparty trade agreement with three countries of the Andean Community (Colombia,
Ecuador, and Peru), and agreements with Mexico and Chile that are in the process of being modernised. Furthermore,
the EU has inter-regional and bilateral framework agreements with both Mercosur and its individual members. The
EU's agreements governing trade relations with Latin American and Caribbean subgroupings and individual countries
differ considerably in terms of coverage and methodology, depending on the time at which they were concluded and
the backdrop to the negotiations. The EU is currently modernising the trade pillars of its agreements with Mexico (an
'agreement in principle' was reached in April 2018) and Chile (negotiations are still ongoing) in order to align them to
the current standards of EU FTAs. If the EU-Mercosur Association Agreement, which includes a trade pillar for which a
political agreement was reached in June 2019, is successfully ratified, the EU would then have comprehensive
agreements governing trade relations with nearly all of Latin America and the Caribbean (with the exception of Bolivia,
Cuba and Venezuela).
Analisi approfondita ES, DE, EN, FR, PT
International Agreements in Progress: The trade pillar of the EU-Mercosur Association Agreement
Tipo di pubblicazione Briefing
Data 30-08-2019
Autore GRIEGER Gisela
Settore di intervento Adozione della legislazione da parte del PE e del Consiglio | Affari esteri | Commercio internazionale
Parole chiave accordo di associazione (UE) | accordo di libero scambio | Mercosur | negoziato di accordi (UE)
Riassunto On 28 June 2019, the European Union (EU) and the four founding members of Mercosur (the 'Southern Common
Market') – Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay – reached an 'agreement in principle' on a free trade agreement
(FTA) as part of a wider association agreement (AA). However, spurred by massive destruction of the Brazilian
Amazon through large-scale forest fires, EU policy-makers and international environmental groups alike have since
become increasingly vocal in expressing concerns about the deal's potential environmental and climate change
implications. EU farmers' associations with defensive interests have fiercely criticised what they have referred to as a
'cars for cows' deal. On the other hand, the deal has been warmly welcomed by EU industry associations and several
sub-sectors of EU agriculture with offensive interests. If tariff and non-tariff barriers are eliminated or substantially
lowered, the potential for growth in bi-regional trade in goods, services and investment is significant. In addition, the
FTA would be a strong signal in favour of the rules-based multilateral trading system and against power politics in
trade. After the agreement's legal review and translation, it will be presented to the Council for signature. It will then be
submitted to the European Parliament for consent. Once the Council has adopted the decision concluding the
agreement, it will be presented to EU Member State parliaments for ratification. First edition. The 'International
Agreements in Progress' briefings are updated at key stages throughout the process, from initial discussions through to
ratification.
Briefing ES, EN, PT
Finding the right balance across EU FTAs: benefits and risks for EU economic sectors
Tipo di pubblicazione Studio
Data17-10-2018
Autore esterno Christopher HARTWELL, Veronika MOVCHAN
Settore di interventoCommercio internazionale
Parole chiave accordo commerciale (UE) | accordo di associazione (UE) | accordo di cooperazione (UE) | accordo di libero scambio |
America centrale | Canada | Colombia | commercio internazionale | Corea del Sud | Giappone | Indonesia | Mercosur |
Messico | negoziato di accordi (UE) | Perù | politica commerciale comune | scambio commerciale | Vietnam
Riassunto Globally, anti-trade sentiment is on the rise, meaning it is incumbent upon policymakers to explore and explain the
benefits of free and open trade. This study examines the costs and benefits of various free trade agreements (FTAs)
that the EU has completed, will complete, or is contemplating. With regard to completed FTAs, the EU has seen
benefits in terms of consumer choice but has a much larger and positive impact on its partners (although not as much
as ex-ante modelling would suggest). For forthcoming or contemplated FTAs, the issue of non-tariff barriers must be
considered for FTAs with developed economies to be a success, while comprehensive liberalisation with emerging
markets improves trade and other outcomes for both the EU and its partner. Across all FTAs, trade and economic
metrics are improved by an agreement while indirect effects (human rights, environment) are less likely to change. We
conclude that the EU must continue its focus on comprehensive liberalisation, incorporating NTBs effectively into new
agreements, while tempering expectations of influence on human rights.
Studio EN
05-09-2022 Fonte : © Unione europea, 2022 - PE 3EU trade with Latin America and the Caribbean: Overview and figures
Tipo di pubblicazione Analisi approfondita
Data14-09-2018
AutoreGRIEGER Gisela | HARTE RODERICK EDWARD NOEL
Settore di interventoAffari esteri | Commercio internazionale
Parole chiave accordo di associazione (UE) | America latina | Caraibi | Cariforum | Cile | commercio internazionale | Comunità andina
| Cuba | Mercosur | Messico | Organizzazione mondiale del commercio | statistica
Riassunto This publication provides an overview of trade relations between the EU and Latin American and Caribbean countries
and groupings. The EU has fully fledged agreements with two Latin American groupings (Cariforum and the Central
America group), a multiparty trade agreement with three members of the Andean Community (Colombia, Ecuador, and
Peru), and bilateral agreements with Chile and Mexico. Since November 2017, a new agreement governing trade
relations with Cuba has also been provisionally applied. In addition, the EU is currently modernising its agreements
with Mexico (with which it has reached an 'agreement in principle') and Chile. The EU also has framework agreements
with Mercosur and its individual members (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay). The agreement with the former
will be replaced, once the ongoing negotiations on an EU-Mercosur association agreement have been completed. This
publication provides recent data on trade relations between the EU and Latin American and Caribbean countries and
groupings, compares the main agreements governing trade relations that are already in place, and analyses the
rationale behind the ongoing negotiations on the EU-Mercosur, EU-Mexico and EU-Chile agreements. This is a revised
and updated edition of a publication from October 2017 by Gisela Grieger and Roderick Harte, PE 608.793.
Analisi approfondita EN
EU trade with Latin America and the Caribbean: Overview and figures
Tipo di pubblicazione Analisi approfondita
Data 26-10-2017
Autore GRIEGER Gisela | HARTE RODERICK EDWARD NOEL
Settore di intervento Affari esteri | Commercio internazionale
Parole chiave accordo bilaterale | America centrale | America latina | Caraibi | Cariforum | commercio internazionale | Comunità
andina | cooperazione regionale | cooperazione tecnica | investimento all'estero | Mercosur | paesi terzi | piccole e
medie imprese | relazioni bilaterali | statistica
Riassunto This publication provides an overview of trade relations between the EU and Latin American and Caribbean countries
and groupings. The EU has concluded fully fledged agreements with two Latin American groupings (Cariforum and the
Central America group), a multiparty trade agreement with three members of the Andean Community (Colombia,
Ecuador, and Peru), and bilateral agreements with Chile and Mexico. It is currently also modernising its agreement
with Mexico and intends soon to start negotiations on modernising its agreement with Chile. The EU has also
concluded framework agreements with Mercosur and its individual members (Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and
Uruguay). The agreement with the former will be replaced, once the on-going negotiations on an EU-Mercosur
association agreement have been completed. This publication provides recent data on trade relations between the EU
and Latin American and Caribbean countries and groupings, compares the agreements governing trade relations that
have already been concluded, and analyses the reasons behind the ongoing and planned negotiations on the EU-
Mercosur, EU-Mexico and EU-Chile agreements. This is a revised and updated edition of a publication from March
2016 by Enrique Gomez Ramirez, Eleni Lazarou, Laura Puccio and Giulio Sabbati, PE 579.086.
Analisi approfondita DE, EN, FR
Benefits of EU international trade agreements
Tipo di pubblicazione Briefing
Data25-10-2017
AutoreSALM Christian
Settore di interventoCommercio internazionale
Parole chiave accordo commerciale (UE) | analisi economica | ASEAN | Canada | Colombia | commercio internazionale | Corea del
Sud | Ecuador | Mercosur | Perù | sviluppo sostenibile
Riassunto Trade is the EU's most important link to the world beyond its borders. In force since the 1957 Treaty of Rome, the
transition to a common EU trade policy was completed in 1968. It is the EU's oldest instrument influencing the bloc's
foreign relations. Today, Article 207 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) establishes the
common trade policy as an exclusive EU competence. Following the procedure under that legal basis the EU
negotiates, concludes and implements trade agreements. Currently, the EU is negotiating and up-dating Free Trade
Agreements (FTAs) with 19 countries and 2 sub-regional blocs, namely the Association of Southeast Asian Nations
(ASEAN) and the Southern Common Market of South American countries (Mercado Común de Sur: Mercosur). Within
the EU's latest trade strategy – the 2015 'Trade for All – Towards a more responsible trade and investment strategy',
FTAs are considered instruments that contribute to the EU's objective of generating jobs and growth. About 31 million
jobs in Europe depend, directly or indirectly, on the EU and its Member States' ability to trade. In other words, EU
external trade concerns almost one in every seven jobs in Europe. In France, for example, over 2.2 million jobs rely on
French exports outside the EU. Around 90 % of future global growth is expected to be generated outside Europe's
borders. Figures show that the EU share of world GDP has slowly decreased in recent years (see graph below).
Against this background, the EU needs to seize trade opportunities beyond its borders in order to gain higher levels of
growth in Europe.
Briefing EN
05-09-2022 Fonte : © Unione europea, 2022 - PE 4Argentina ahead of the 2017 mid-term elections
Tipo di pubblicazione In sintesi
Data 10-10-2017
Autore GRIEGER Gisela
Settore di intervento Affari esteri
Parole chiave accordo commerciale (UE) | Argentina | Capo di Stato | elezioni nazionali | elezioni politiche | Mercosur |
multipartitismo | partiti politici | promozione degli investimenti | ripartizione dei seggi | ripresa economica | ruolo
internazionale dell'UE
Riassunto Since his election in 2015, Argentina's centre-right President, Mauricio Macri, has pursued sweeping domestic and
foreign policy reforms, although his 'Let's Change' (Cambiemos) coalition of centre-right and centre-left parties holds
only a minority of seats in the bicameral Congress. His presidency has marked a major shift from left-wing populism
under his predecessors, Néstor Kirchner (2003-2007) and Cristina Fernández de Kirchner (2007-2015), to economic
neoliberalism. The mid-term vote on 22 October 2017, to renew one third of the Senate and half of the Chamber of
Deputies, will reveal whether President Macri has a strong mandate to press ahead with his pro-business policies.
In sintesi EN
America Latina e Caraibi
Tipo di pubblicazioneNote tematiche sull'UE
Data
01-09-2017
Autore
TVEVAD Jesper
Settore di intervento
Affari esteri
Parole chiaveaccordo di associazione (UE) | accordo di cooperazione (UE) | accordo di Cotonou | accordo di libero scambio |
America latina | Caraibi | Caricom | Comunità andina | incontro al vertice | Mercosur | Messico | negoziato di accordi
(UE) | relazione interparlamentare
Riassunto Le relazioni dell'UE con l'America latina e i Caraibi sono multiformi e condotte a diversi livelli. L'Unione interagisce con
l'intera regione in occasione dei vertici dei capi di Stato e di governo e mediante gli accordi e il dialogo politico che
uniscono l'UE e i Caraibi, l'America Centrale, la Comunità andina, il Mercosur e singoli paesi.
Note tematiche sull'UE ES, CS, DA, DE, ET, EL, EN, FR, HR, IT, LV, NL, RO, SK, FI, SV
EU development cooperation with Latin America
Tipo di pubblicazione Briefing
Data10-04-2017
AutoreGOMEZ RAMIREZ Enrique
Settore di interventoAffari esteri | Sviluppo e aiuti umanitari
Parole chiave aiuto allo sviluppo | America latina | Banca europea per gli investimenti | coesione economica e sociale | cooperazione
regionale | cooperazione tecnica | governance | insegnamento superiore | Mercosur | politica di sviluppo | progetto
d'investimento | programma di aiuto | relazioni bilaterali | sviluppo sostenibile
Riassunto EU development cooperation with Latin America is mainly conducted through the Development Cooperation
Instrument (DCI) and its different geographical (regional, sub-regional and bilateral) and thematic programmes.
Nevertheless, the 2014-2020 programming period has brought about the introduction of a new blending financial
instrument for the region, the Latin American Investment Facility (LAIF), which combines EU grants with other
resources. It has also seen the transition of most Latin American countries away from being eligible for bilateral DCI
development aid and towards their inclusion instead in EU bilateral cooperation through the new Partnership
Instrument (PI). This poses a series of new challenges but, simultaneously, offers new opportunities by opening
cooperation to other areas and sectors. The European Parliament has a strong involvement in the issues concerning
development cooperation. Since 2012, it has adopted a number of resolutions on the topic: one defining a new form of
development cooperation with Latin America, another calling for increasing the effectiveness of development
cooperation, and a third on achieving policy coherence and enhancing the role of local authorities.
Briefing EN
Analysis of the upcoming Modernisation of the Trade Pillar of the European Union- Mexico Global
Agreement
Tipo di pubblicazioneStudio
Data
20-04-2016
Settore di intervento
Commercio internazionale
Parole chiaveaccordo (UE) | Canada | commercio internazionale | contratto pubblico | investimento | Mercosur | Messico | NAFTA-
associazione | politica commerciale comune | proprietà intellettuale | relazione commerciale | statistica commerciale |
sviluppo sostenibile
Riassunto The 1997 Global Agreement between the EC and its Member States and Mexico, together with the set of decisions
taken in its framework, has been effective, and thus modifications of the agreement are mainly motivated by changes
in the global landscape since it was first enacted. Therefore, broad considerations on how the European Union (EU)
trade policy is shaped are extremely relevant for the upcoming negotiations with Mexico. In this context, the needs
and expectations, both from the EU and Mexico, regarding any further agreements are examined, focusing in particular
on areas beyond trade in goods and services such as procurement, investment, and regulatory cooperation. It is
argued that the 'old' Association Agreements should be taken as models for any modifications, given their emphasis on
EU-specific issues and their ability to accommodate the needs of Mexico in any deepened agreement.
Studio ES, EN
05-09-2022 Fonte : © Unione europea, 2022 - PE 5EU–Latin America trade relations: Overview and figures
Tipo di pubblicazione Analisi approfondita
Data11-03-2016
AutoreGOMEZ RAMIREZ Enrique | LAZAROU Eleni | PUCCIO Laura | SABBATI Giulio
Settore di interventoAffari esteri | Commercio internazionale
Parole chiave accordo commerciale (UE) | accordo di libero scambio | America centrale | Argentina | Brasile | Cariforum | Cile |
Colombia | Comunità andina | Ecuador | Mercosur | Messico | negoziato di accordi (UE) | Perù | scambio commerciale |
statistica commerciale
Riassunto Trade relations between the EU and Latin American countries have come back into the spotlight in recent years.
Collectively, the countries forming the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States (CELAC) represent the fifth
largest trading partner of the EU. The EU has concluded agreements with two Latin American (LA) groupings
(Cariforum and the Central America group) and with four other Latin American countries (Mexico, Chile, Peru and
Colombia). The FTAs concluded by the EU with Latin American countries differ considerably in terms of coverage and
methodology depending on the time at which they were concluded and the context of the negotiations. The EU now
aims to modernise the oldest FTAs, concluded with Mexico and Chile, in order to align them to the current standards of
EU FTAs. The long-standing negotiations on a comprehensive trade agreement with Mercosur – which would mean
the EU then had trade agreements with nearly all of Latin America – are yet to pick up pace, however.
Analisi approfondita ES, DE, EN, FR
Argentina: A Change of Course
Tipo di pubblicazione Briefing
Data25-11-2015
AutoreTVEVAD Jesper
Settore di interventoDemocrazia UE
Parole chiave Argentina | bicameralismo | candidato | Capo di Stato | coalizione politica | elezioni nazionali | elezioni presidenziali |
Mercosur | partiti politici | politica estera | relazione commerciale | relazioni dell'Unione europea | ripartizione dei seggi |
ripartizione dei voti | risultato elettorale | sviluppo economico
Riassunto On 22 November 2015, Mauricio Macri, candidate of a coalition named 'Let's change' (Cambiemos), was elected
president of Argentina. He will assume office on 10 December. Macri received 51.4 % of the vote in the second round
of the presidential elections. His election ends 12 years of Peronist governments. Macri's victory owes much to the
high number of votes he received in urban centres, particularly in the capital Buenos Aires and the second largest city,
Córdoba. Despite Macri's final victory in the presidential elections, the 25 October parliamentary and provincial polls
showed that the Peronist movement remains the principal political force. After the 25 October Congress elections, the
Front for Victory (Frente para la Victoria, FpV), currently in government, remains the largest bloc in the new Congress,
although it lost its absolute majority in the Chamber of Deputies. Macri faces the challenge of mobilising support in
Congress for the new government's legislative proposals. The most likely scenario is that he will try to establish a
coalition with the Peronist factions opposed to President Cristina Fernández and the FpV. The new government is
likely to take measures to liberalise and open up the economy. The new government will seek strengthened links with
the USA and the EU, and may well push for trade liberalisation in Mercosur. Macri has announced that he will ask for
Mercosur's 'democratic clause' to be invoked against Venezuela. Macri has stressed the need to advance towards a
Mercosur-EU free trade agreement. Overall, the change of government appears an opportunity for renewed relations
between the EU and Argentina.
Briefing ES, EN
Brazil: Political parties
Tipo di pubblicazione In sintesi
Data 08-06-2015
Autore LAZAROU Eleni
Settore di intervento Affari esteri
Parole chiave bicameralismo | Brasile | Capo di Stato | coalizione politica | diritto nazionale | elezioni presidenziali | Mercosur |
multipartitismo | partiti politici | relazioni dell'Unione europea | ripartizione dei seggi | sistema elettorale
Riassunto Brazil is a federal republic with a presidential system. The 2014 Presidential elections marked the fourth consecutive
victory for a Workers' Party (PT) candidate. Dilma Rousseff was elected for a second term (2015-19), on the same
platform as her predecessor Luís Inácio (Lula) da Silva.
In sintesi EN
Uruguay: Political parties
Tipo di pubblicazione In sintesi
Data 08-05-2015
Autore GOMEZ RAMIREZ Enrique
Settore di intervento Affari esteri
Parole chiave accordo di cooperazione (UE) | bicameralismo | delegazione PE | elezioni politiche | elezioni presidenziali | Mercosur |
multipartitismo | partiti politici | ripartizione dei seggi | suffragio universale | Uruguay
Riassunto Uruguay has the longest tradition of democratic stability in Latin America. The two-party system prevailing since the
early 19th Century has gradually evolved into a multiparty system, with the emergence in 1971 of a major third force,
the Broad Front. This party broke the National and Colorado parties' domination in the 2004 elections and has been in
power since 2005.
In sintesi EN
05-09-2022 Fonte : © Unione europea, 2022 - PE 6International cooperation in Latin America
Tipo di pubblicazione In sintesi
Data 09-12-2014
Autore GOMEZ RAMIREZ Enrique
Settore di intervento Affari esteri
Parole chiave ALADI | America latina | commissione regionale dell'ONU | Comunità andina | integrazione economica | Mercosur |
politica di cooperazione | Sistema di integrazione centroamericano | struttura istituzionale | zona di libero scambio
Riassunto Latin America has a complex network of international organisations, some covering the whole area (ALADI), some the
South American (UNASUR) or Central American (SICA) regions, and some particular sub-regions (Mercosur, CAN).
The Pacific Alliance is especially oriented towards other areas of the world (Asia-Pacific). Some are more focused on
trade (Mercosur, Pacific Alliance) and others on non-trade political aspects (UNASUR). (Caribbean organisations and
other less structured forms of cooperation in the region are not covered here).
In sintesi EN
An Analysis of the Relative Effectiveness of Social and Environmental Norms in Free Trade Agreements
Tipo di pubblicazioneStudio
Data
08-04-2009
Autore esterno Christoph Scherrer, Thomas Greven, Aaron Leopold and Elizabeth Molinari
Settore di intervento
Ambiente | Commercio internazionale | Occupazione | Politica sociale
Parole chiaveaccordo di libero scambio | clausola sociale | diritto del lavoro | diritto dell'ambiente | Mercosur | norma sociale |
Organizzazione internazionale del lavoro | paesi del Mercosur | società civile | Stati Uniti
Riassunto Executive summary
While Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) of both, the United States and the European Union, include labor issues in
specific chapters, only US FTAs explicitly have “labor chapters,” while the EU FTAs have a general reference to labor
rights through the human rights clause and otherwise refer to labor issues in chapters on “social aspects”. Clearly, the
US prioritizes labour issues over general human rights or social concerns, while the EU has a broader focus,
embracing human rights and sustainable development issues. Based on congressional and civil society pressure, the
US also provides clear avenues for sanctions, making labor issues actionable under regular dispute settlement
processes. In contrast, the EU adopts a more nuanced approach, signalling a preference against sanctions and for
dialogue and capacitybuilding. The EU social chapters are not enforceable. However, even though US labour
provisions are more focused and subject to regular dispute settlement processes, the language of these respective
paragraphs used to be rather vague. In addition, avoiding enforcement through sanctions is clearly also the preference
of subsequent US administrations, and thus, in the end the enforcement performance of the two is not very different.
[...]
Studio EN
05-09-2022 Fonte : © Unione europea, 2022 - PE 7You can also read
