EARLY YEARS Innovating for the future - British Science Week

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EARLY YEARS Innovating for the future - British Science Week
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    This activity pack is your ‘one-stop-    We understand that this academic         Find an activity near you:
    shop’ for supporting you during          year is quite different for schools      You can either create your own activity
    British Science Week, but it can be      and nurseries and we’ve adapted this     in your class or setting, or see what
    used at any time. Feel free to adapt     pack to best support you for British     activities are happening near you. Last
    or extend the activities to suit your    Science Week 2021. This year, we’ve      year we reached more than 180,000
    children’s needs and the curriculum      got some activities to complete in       people. Help us make British Science
    you are delivering.                      your setting, plus some which are        Week 2021 even bigger and better!
                                             specifically designed for children       Visit sciencelive.net
    In addition to the activities in this    to take part in at home with their
    pack, there are lots of other ways to    families. Please feel free to further
    enthuse and engage your children         adapt activities within the pack to
    throughout British Science Week. In      suit your setting, taking into
    developing this pack, we have looked     consideration any quarantine of
    for activities which break down the      resources, working in bubbles and
    stereotypes surrounding science,         social distancing needed. We have
    technology, engineering and maths        also added some suggestions on
    (STEM) and promote cross-curricular      remote engagement if you are unable
    learning. We encourage you to use        to accommodate visitors.
    British Science Week as an opportunity                                             Enter our competition:
    to link STEM to other curriculum                                                   Some of the activities in this pack
    subjects and to your children’s own                                                could be followed up by designing
    backgrounds, lives and interests.                                                  a poster; simply look out for the
                                                                                       paintbrush symbol shown above.
                                                                                       The theme for this year’s poster
                                                                                       competition is ‘Innovating for the
                                                                                       future’. For more information on the
                                                                                        competition and how to enter, read
                                                                                        on further in the activity pack or
                                                                                        visit britishscienceweek.org
2
EARLY YEARS Innovating for the future - British Science Week
Introducing the theme                        4
    Making the most of volunteers                5
    British Science Week at home                 6
    Gathering resources for classroom or home    7
    Beyond the Week                              8
    Unlocking skills                             9
    Wavy wax painting                           10
    Flitter jars                                11
    Ice gardens                                 12
    Crunchy architecture you can eat            13
    Make a water purifier                       14
    Poster competition                          15

3
EARLY YEARS Innovating for the future - British Science Week
Introducing
    the theme
    Why not start British Science Week       Get the children to put on their
    off with a bang, by introducing          thinking caps and experience
    parents and children to the theme        innovation by asking them to come
    ‘Innovating for the future’ in a fun     up with machines they would
    way to get them excited about the        like to invent. Use scrap, craft
    Week ahead?                              materials or basic toys found in the
                                             classroom or setting to build the
       Post your brilliant activity ideas    machines.
       or share images online tagging
       the British Science Association on    Engage the children by sharing
       Twitter - @ScienceWeekUK - and        how innovation is a part of
       using the hashtag #BSW21              people, materials, animals,
                                             nature or anything else in their
       Kick start the week with a simple     everyday lives.
       but impressive demo. Try a game,
       an audio-visual presentation,         Invite a special guest or someone
       a mystery or special object, an       from the school community to
       inventor’s box or a pop-up display    discuss with the children their
       which communicates the theme          experience of an innovation. They      Here are some other ideas
       ‘Innovating for the future.’ Here     could highlight a special tool         to start the Week:
       is a video featuring the Rube         that they use in their job and
       Goldberg machine which you can        demonstrate how it makes their            Tell the children about the plan
       show the children. Anything that      work more efficient, or they could        for British Science Week and
       inspires their inquisitive minds is   feature their favourite innovation.       give them a challenge related
       an epic start.                        See Page 5 for information on how         to the theme. If you are sending
                                             to get volunteers.                        home a family experiment,
                                                                                       maybe you could introduce/
                                                                                        demo it at your setting first.
                                                                                        Innovation is all around us.
                                                                                        Watch an episode of CBeebies
                                                                                        Bitz and Bob together and
                                                                                        talk about how the characters
                                                                                         create amazing things to tackle
                                                                                         challenges.
                                                                                        Launch the poster competition
                                                                                        and let parents know about this
                                                                                        (see Page 15 of this pack).

4
Making the most
    of volunteers
    Opportunities for face-to-face             Things that work well are to:             4 Book your visitors early (many
    engagement with external visitors          1 Kick off British Science Week             speakers get booked up during
    may be limited this year, but there           with a career talk/demo from             Science Week), have a clear idea
    are opportunities for getting                 one of these inspiring volunteers        of what you want them to do and
    volunteers and presenters to engage           to engage the children for the           communicate this with them ahead
    the children online.                          rest of the week. The volunteer          of time.
                                                  can highlight a useful tool or
    STEM Ambassadors offer their time             innovation which they use in           5 Volunteers come from a range
    and enthusiasm to help bring science          their jobs and how it makes their        of careers and experiences, from
    and technology subjects to life and           job easier. Or, the volunteer can        engineers, designers and architects
    demonstrate their value.                      highlight their favourite innovation     to scientists and technicians, so get
                                                  to share what and why that is.           children excited about inspirational
    The STEM Ambassador website has                                                        career talks; broaden their choices
    recently been updated to enable            2 Schedule two or three different           and develop their interest in these
    teachers to request online STEM              guests for a career talk                  careers!
    Ambassador support. Any activity             throughout the week if you can.
    created has an ‘online’ check box as         This will keep children excited         Visit Inspiring the Future’s website
    well as a place to enter a link to a         and anticipating who the next           for some helpful ideas for using
    video conferencing call if required.         guest will be, and what they do.        volunteers, some of which may be
    STEM Ambassadors from across the             Opportunities like this will likely     transferable when using remote
    UK can respond to any online activity        inspire them about what they want       engagement.
    request. Find out more and make a            to be in the future. Remember, they
    request here: www.stem.org.uk                are never too young to explore          www.inspiringthefuture.org
                                                 their career options.
    You can also look for presenters
    and volunteers via Science Live            3 Where available, choose
    (sciencelive.net) or ask parents if they     volunteers/ambassadors who
    work in STEM related jobs to describe        challenge stereotypes the children
    what they do in more detail.                 might have and that promote a
                                                 positive image of science - e.g. a
                                                 female engineer or a scientist with
                                                 a disability. Let the volunteers/
                                                 ambassadors share a simplified
                                                 talk about how their job is making
                                                 a difference in the world (or an
                                                 anecdote of what science activity
                                                 they loved to do as a child).

5
British Science Week
    at home
    Want the children to get involved in      2 Get parents thinking about how         4 Send an experiment idea home
    British Science Week at home but not        their own jobs might link to STEM        during the Week which might
    sure how? Here are our top tips for         subjects and encourage them to           spark mealtime discussions around
    engaging parents and carers in the          chat with their children about this.     STEM. Try and make it as low-
    Week:                                       You could do this via a newsletter       resource as possible. It can help if
                                                or send children home with               it’s something the children have
    1   Make the most of your parent            activities they can do with their        tried or seen at school first so that
        newsletters, the Parent-Teacher         parents, which may then lead onto        they feel like the ‘experts’ when
        Association (PTA), chat group and       further conversations. (See Page 11      they do it at home with family,
        text messaging services if you have     for a great take-home activity).         allowing them to lead the learning.
        them. Let all the parents know in
        advance of the Week (at least a       3 Encourage exploring outdoors, in       Why not try these fun science-based
        month) what you have planned,           the community or in local cultural     activities from the CREST at home
        and how you’d like them to be           spots. This could be anything from     Star collection (collectionslibrary.
        involved. They might be able to         going on a nature walk around          crestawards.org) which can be
        collect/donate materials and store      local parks to spotting STEM           completed at home with few
        them for use during the Week, and       in action on the streets around        resources? You could also use the
        if you want them to get involved        children’s houses. Many of the         ‘Flitter jars’ activity on Page 11 of
        in any experiments at home they         British Science Association’s CREST    this pack.
        may need time to plan and collect       activities are quick and easy to
        materials themselves. The PTA may       do as fun outdoor challenges too:
        be able to support you financially      library.crestawards.org
        to run the Week or help drum up
        parent volunteers.

6
Gathering resources
    for your classroom or home
     If you can, try to collect materials   Look at childrensscrapstore.co.uk      Collect story books and reference
     all year round that can be cleaned     to find a UK directory of scrap        books linking to the theme
     and stored for use during British      stores.                                ‘Innovating for the future’ ahead of
     Science Week.                                                                 time to create a themed library. You
                                            Take photographs when out and          can even organise a read-aloud
     Alternatively, check to see whether    about and share these with the         session of a related story book for
     there is a scrap shop/store/club       children to foster discussion and      circle or carpet time.
     open in your local area. These         raise their level of understanding
     shops are often membership based       about innovation – machines,
     and can be a brilliant, inexpensive    materials, building structures, etc.
     or free resource for card, plastic,    The more colourful, the better.
     bits of material – all sorts. These    You can also use these photos
     things can be turned into forests,     for an innovation version of the
     cars or model people; you name it,     guessing game ‘I spy’ where you
     the kids will think                    can describe what the innovation
     of it!                                 is used for and the children will
                                            attempt to guess it.

7
Beyond the Week
               Once British Science Week is over,                                         If there are older children at your                                                        If you have the opportunity, then
               this doesn’t mean the exploration                                          school or in a school nearby they                                                          you could consider running a
               and curiosity have to stop!                                                could earn a higher level of CREST                                                         STEM club or curiosity lab. Find
                                                                                          too. Take a look at the different                                                          supporting resources at

                                                WhaT aRe CResT sTaR
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               engaged include:                                                           primarylibrary.crestawards.org

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Unlocking skills
    A fantastic way to encourage STEM                 You could engage the children in the          complete list developed by NUSTEM
    interest in children is to introduce              STEM Person of the Week activity              that can be used as a talking point
    transferable skills used by those                 from NUSTEM at Northumbria                    or with other members of staff.
    working in STEM jobs. These skills                University (nustem.uk). Ask the               As an alternative and a little bit of
    will strengthen positive attitudes                children to identify what attributes          motivation, why not award each of the
    towards STEM and reduce their                     people working in STEM need. It might         children with a sticker or certificate for
    stereotypes of those working in the               include being observant, creative,            a STEM skill which they identify with
    field.                                            patient, a good communicator, or              very well during the Week?
                                                      curious. See the below table for the

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                                                                                                                       Resili

                Observant                  Open-minded                          Committed                              Tenacious

                 Creative                    Imaginative                              Patient                      Collaborative

                 Resilient                Communicator                          Passionate                             Organised

                 Curious                  Self-motivated                     Hard-working                                Logical

9
Innovating for the future

                                                 Wavy wax painting
 About this activity
 Children will explore how a solid
 changes state when it gets warm.
 They will see the different marks and
 textures they can make when the wax
 is a solid stick, and when it gets softer
 and more paint-like.

 Time
     30 minutes  

     Kit list
          Wax crayons in
          different colours
          Plastic food bags and a rolling
          pin or pestle
          Heavy paper –
          sugar or cartridge paper
          Greaseproof paper                      Instructions                                drawings in a warm, sunny spot
          Hairdryer                              Children can work individually or in        or on a warm radiator and wait
           Glue sticks and paint brushes         groups or pairs to make wavy wax            for the wax to melt and soften, or
                                                 pictures, using gentle heat to make         place a piece of greaseproof paper
      Next steps                                 the wax behave like paint.                  over each drawing, and gently
      You could try making a resist                                                          heat the drawings with a hairdryer
      painting. When your wax pictures           1   Make a collection of broken             until the wax melts. (Adults will
      have cooled, you can paint over                wax crayons. Ask the children to        need to do this.)
      them with watery paint and watch               separate them into colours.
      how it only fills the bits of paper                                                 6 When the wax melts slightly, the
      where there is no wax.                     2 Using the wax crayons pieces, ask        children can use glue spreaders
                                                   the children to draw shapes on a         and brushes to make marks in the
                                                   sheet of A3 paper – sugar paper          wax. As the wax starts to solidify
                                                   or cartridge paper is best. Use a        they can warm their paper again
                                                   different colour for each shape.         and watch what happens.

                                                 3 Crush the wax crayon pieces – put      Think and talk about
                                                   each colour into a separate plastic       Where could we leave our pictures
                                                   bag and bash with a rolling pin of        to melt the wax?
                                                   a pestle until you have a bag or
                                                   coloured wax ‘crumbs’ (this is a job      How does the wax change when it
                                                   best done by the adult). Empty the        gets warm?
        Watch out!                                 wax crumbs into bowls.
          Inspect and test the hairdryer                                                     What does it do on the paper?
           beforehand to check if it is safe     4 The children should then sprinkle
           to use.                                 the crumbs on their drawings,             What happens if the colours run
           An adult should use the                 filling in the shapes with the            into each other?
           hairdryer. Take care that the wax       right colour.
           ‘crumbs’ don’t fly away – use                                                  You can find more activities and
            direct heat from above.              5 Melt the wax. Either leave the         inspiration exploring materials on the
                                                                                          NSEAD website
            If the wax gets very warm, take
            care that little fingers don’t get                                            Skill unlocked
            coated in runny wax.                                                              Observant

10
Innovating for the future

                                               Flitter jars
 About this activity
 This activity mimics the snow or              Instructions                               Think and talk about
 flitter domes, popular since Victorian        1 Let children choose a jar and fill it       What do you see when you
 times, which contain objects in a                with water. Pop the lid on until they      add the shiny pieces to the water?
 swirling snowstorm. This highly                  have decided what flitter to add.
 engaging activity encourages children                                                       How can you make the pieces
  to talk about light, shadows and             2 Give children time to explore the           move faster?
  materials. It can lead naturally into          shiny glittery bits to add to the jar.
  children spinning and twirling about           Encourage them to observe as the            What can you see when you shine
  like the pieces of flitter in the jars.        glitter is added. Small amounts             the light?
                                                 of flitter produce much clearer
     Time                                        results than shovelfuls of shiny            In what ways can you change the
     30 minutes                                  pieces!                                     shadows?

     Kit list                                  3 Let them try the jars with clear         At home
          Transparent containers                 water first. Add a few drops             Can the children name ten
          with lids                              of food colour to enliven the            items that they have in their home
          The flitter: tiny pieces               concoction. Screw the lid on tightly.    that would shine like the flitter does?
          of foil, coloured glitter
          (ideally bio-glitter), table         4 Give time to enjoy tipping the           Skill unlocked
           confetti, water beads                 jar back and forth repeatedly to             A good communicator
           Food colouring                        watch the movement of the flitter.           Curious
           Torch                                 Compare the movements caused
           White paper to act as                 by a big shake, a little shake, and
           mini screens                          just tipping the jar.

      Next steps                               5 Shine a torch through the moving
      Encourage children to draw what            liquid and allow the shadows
      they observed while playing with           and colours to fall onto a piece of
      their flitter jars. You can add            white paper behind the jar.
      comments to annotate the
      drawing for them. You could try
       using different types and shapes
       of transparent container and
       comparing them.

        Watch out!
          Smooth-sided glass jars
           produce better shadows in
           this activity, but they present
           a hazard if breakages occur.
           In case of breakages, clear up
           immediately with a brush and
            dustpan and dispose of properly.

11
Innovating for the future

                                                    Ice gardens
 About this activity
 In this activity, children                         Instructions                               4 Place the trays in the freezer for
 will produce beautiful ice                         1 For this activity, it is a good            a couple of hours and show the
 gardens that attract their                            starting point to show the children       results. They may now see that
  observations, stimulate                              ‘one that I made earlier’. This helps     they can put a second layer of
  their imaginations and can lead to                   them to visualise what their own          water over the contents and
  creative outcomes (in speaking and                   garden could include. Put some            freeze it again.
  listening, art or writing).                          interesting natural objects in the
                                                       bottom of a tray. Pour in a shallow     5 Give children time to observe the
     Time                                              layer of water to float the objects       ice gardens as they melt.
     30 minutes                                        and then place in the freezer. When
                                                       it is frozen, add more water and        Think and talk about
     Kit list                                          freeze again.                              Look closely at your ice garden –
          Variety of leaves, flowers, buds                                                        what can you see?
          Water                                     2 As each child selects their
          Shallow trays                               samples, discuss differences                Which of these are flowers/
          Optional: food colouring                    and similarities between the                leaves/fruit? How do you know?
          Access to a freezer                         flowers, fruits and leaves –
                                                      consider colour, size, shape,               Are all plants safe to pick?
     Next steps                                       number of petals, seeds,
      Make a collection of natural and                etc. Practice counting, or graph            Where would you like to go to
      manufactured materials. Tell the                making, by observing how many               choose your samples?
      children that they need to decide               different leaves or flowers are
      which things can go in an ice                   used.                                    At home
      garden. Remind them that only                                                            Ask children to tell their family how
      natural things can go into the ice            3 Label the trays with each child’s        they made the Ice Garden through to
      garden.                                         name or their bubble group. Add a        the point at which it melted.
                                                      shallow layer of water to their tray.
                                                      Children will see the contents float     Skill unlocked
                                                      on top of the liquid – discuss the           Curious
                                                      problem of how to get the leaves             Observant
                                                      and flowers inside the ice.

        Watch out!
          If children are collecting their
           own natural objects, check the
           policy for working outdoors and
           that there are not any harmful
           plants or contaminated objects
           in the area.
            Mind the wet floors when the ice
            melts! A wet floor is a slip risk and
            can cause injuries.

12
Innovating for the future

                                                Crunchy architecture
                                                you can eat
 About this activity
 This activity is ideal to do at home.          Instructions
 It encourages children to be creative          1 Make the edible cement by melting
 and think of innovative designs to                some small pieces of chocolate in a
 build some crunchy architecture with              ‘bain marie’ (a bowl on top of a pan
  biscuits, wafers, crackers and edible            of boiling water) or microwave. (An
  cement.                                          adult should do this.)

     Time                                       2 Use the melted chocolate like glue.
     30 minutes                                   When the chocolate goes hard, it
                                                  will stick the biscuits together.
     Kit list
          Different shaped biscuits and/        3 Make some edible biscuit
          or crackers, wafers                     buildings with multiple floors
          Dark chocolate                          or even a roof! With chocolate
          Bowl, water and saucepan                stick biscuits you can build thin
          Baking paper                            shapes. Pile up wafers like wooden
          Cooker/microwave                        blocks. Build a strong floor by
                                                  sticking together two layers of rich
     Next steps                                   tea biscuits. Construct strong posts    Think and talk about
      Discover more playful activities and        by filling a biscuit hole with choco-      What did you build?
      inspire children to become creative         cement and sticking in a round
      scientists at okido.com                     wafer. Thin crackers make good,            What shapes of biscuits/
                                                  strong roofs.                              crackers/wafers are good for
                                                                                             the roof? Floors?
                                                4 When you get bored, pretend to
                                                  be a giant and eat your biscuit            Why did you use this
                                                  buildings.                                 biscuit for this part of your
                                                                                             building?
      Watch out!
        Wash hands before you start.                                                      Skill unlocked
                                                                                              Creative
         Children should only eat
                                                                                              Problem solving
         buildings created by them or
         members of their household.
            Be careful not to get the
            chocolate too hot. Check that
            the temperature of
            the melted chocolate
            is not over 25°C before
            using it. Transfer melted
             chocolate into a bowl and keep
             the hot saucepan out
             of children’s reach to prevent
             burns or injuries.
             Check children’s allergies
             beforehand and modify materials
             accordingly

             This activity can be messy so it
             would be good to put aprons on.

13
Innovating for the future

                                                  Make a water purifier
 About this activity
 This hands-on activity will show                 Instructions:                              Think and talk about
 children how dirty water turns clean.            1 Discuss with the children how they          What happened to the dirty water
                                                     use clean water in their daily lives.      when it came out?
 Time
 30 minutes                                       2 Now make some dirty water. Take             Does the water that comes out
                                                    two containers and fill both with           look cleaner?
     Kit list                                       tap water. Add soil, sand or mud to
          Big plastic bottle- cut in half           both containers. Use one container          Where did the dirt go?
          Plastic cups/containers                   with dirty water to filter and keep
          Soil                                      the other to compare at the end.            Compare the purified water with
          Pebbles                                                                               the other glass of dirty water.
          Kitchen roll or cotton wool             3 Put the top half of the bottle
          Buttons                                   upside down into the bottom half.        Skill unlocked
          Sand                                                                                  Patient
           Cloth                                  4 Begin by placing a layer in the
           Marbles                                  bottle with cloth, cotton wool or           Problem solving
           Magazines or newspapers                  kitchen roll. Then layer with smaller
           Pasta shapes                             things, like sand and pebbles.              Observant

      Next steps                                  5 Pour your dirty water into the
      There are more playful activities to          bottle.
      inspire children to become creative
      scientists at okido.com                     6 Watch what happens.

        Watch out!
          Do not drink water filtered from
           this activity because the water is
           not safe to drink.
            Be sure to collect soil that is not
            contaminated.
                                                            Before                                                   after

14
Innovating for the future

                                              Poster competition
 About this activity
 Get creative and enter the British
 Science Association’s annual poster
 competition. You can make your poster
 about whatever version of ‘Innovating
 for the future’ you like and enter our
 UK-wide competition with the chance                                    e nt
                                                                    sili
 to win an array of prizes. The activities

                                                               Re

                                                                               R e s ili e n
  found in this pack could be entered
  into the poster competition – simply

                                                               t
                                                                en
                                                                               t
                                                                    Resili
  look for the paintbrush symbol. Or you
  can use them to serve as a source of
   inspiration to get you started.

                                              Instructions
                                              Get children thinking about ideas to
                                              include in their poster.

                                              They could investigate and imagine
                                              ‘Innovating for the future’ and
                                              everything that makes it special. Here
                                              are some topic ideas to help you get
                                              inspired.

                                              1   Think about your own innovation
     Kit list
          Paper (A4 or A3)                        – from inventing your own toy                Make your poster
                                                  that you want to share with your             Once you’ve thought about your idea,
          Creative materials, e.g.                friends to a useful machine that             it’s time to get creative! Your poster
          pens, pencils, scissors, glue,          will help your family or the whole           must be:
          watercolours, paint, colouring          world! How will it change the
          crayons, pipe cleaners, felt,           ways of play, sports and leisure,               A4 or A3 size and you need to be
          thread, wool, foil, clay, string,       entertainment, communications,                  able to take a photo of it to send
           beads, stamps, foam, pompoms           work, or even school?                           to us online for judging.

                                              2 Feeling futuristic and global? Why                You can use pop up pictures, pull
                                                not think about an innovation –                   out tabs or use materials such as
                                                new ideas, inventions, products or                paint, drawing pencils, crayons and
                                                services we have never heard of                   paper.
                                                before that would make the world
                                                a better place?                                Send us your poster
                                                                                               Posters will be judged on creativity,
                                              3 Do you know someone who is                     how well they fit the theme, and how
                                                an awesome innovator? Try to                   well the poster has been made or
                                                showcase their innovations and                 drawn. Once the poster is complete,
                                                reflect on how this person’s                   scan or take a photo and go to
                                                innovations impacted the lives of              britishscienceweek.org for details on
                                                many.                                          how to send in your entry.

                                              4 Everyday innovations can be easily             Next steps
                                                overlooked. Identify common                    Celebrate! For more details, along
                                                innovations that you use daily and             with the full set of rules and tips for
                                                give a thought on how your life                educators, check out our website
                                                would be without them.                         britishscienceweek.org

15
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